WO2023071817A1 - 一种天线组件、天线装置和电子设备 - Google Patents

一种天线组件、天线装置和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023071817A1
WO2023071817A1 PCT/CN2022/125158 CN2022125158W WO2023071817A1 WO 2023071817 A1 WO2023071817 A1 WO 2023071817A1 CN 2022125158 W CN2022125158 W CN 2022125158W WO 2023071817 A1 WO2023071817 A1 WO 2023071817A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tuning circuit
low
antenna
frequency
frequency resonance
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/125158
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡兴邦
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Publication of WO2023071817A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071817A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to but not limited to wireless communication technology, especially an antenna component, antenna device and electronic equipment.
  • the antenna determines the performance of the communication system to a large extent. Therefore, it is more and more important to design a high-performance antenna.
  • smart electronic devices such as smart phones and tablets
  • users have higher and higher user experience requirements for smart electronic devices, and the design and performance of antennas are directly related to the user experience of smart electronic devices.
  • the present application provides an antenna assembly, an antenna device, and electronic equipment, which can improve antenna performance and user experience of electronic equipment.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna assembly, including: a feed source, a radiation branch, a parasitic radiation branch, a first tuning circuit, and a second tuning circuit; wherein,
  • the parasitic radiation stub includes a first ground terminal and a first coupling end, and the radiation stub includes a second ground terminal and a second coupling end; the parasitic radiation stub and the radiation stub are coupled through the gap between the first coupling end and the second coupling end ;
  • one end of the first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the parasitic radiation stub, and the other end is grounded, for adjusting the first low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation stub coupled with the radiation stub;
  • one end of the second tuning circuit is electrically connected to the radiation stub, and the other end is electrically connected to the feed source, for adjusting the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation stub;
  • the first low-frequency resonance point is higher than the second low-frequency resonance point.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an antenna device, including: a controller, and the antenna assembly described in any one of the above; wherein,
  • the controller is configured to control the adjusted impedance values of the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit included in the antenna assembly according to the working state of the antenna assembly corresponding to the space scene information of the electronic device where the antenna device is located, so that the antenna assembly Switch between different low frequency bands according to the working status.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including a body, and any one of the above-mentioned antenna devices disposed on the body.
  • the antenna assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application adjusts the first low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation stub coupled with the radiation stub through the first tuning circuit arranged between the parasitic radiation stub and the ground point, and adjusts the first low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation stub coupled with the radiation stub, and through The second tuning circuit between adjusts the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation stub, which changes the low-frequency resonance point of the antenna, so that the working frequency band of the antenna covers the low-frequency band; and, without changing the overall antenna layout, the use of parasitic radiation stubs
  • the radiation capability of the characteristic mode improves the signal strength and enhances the performance of the antenna.
  • the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application realizes the free switching of the working frequency band corresponding to the corresponding working state according to different space scenes among multiple low-frequency frequency bands by controlling the antenna to switch between multiple low-frequency frequency bands, and improves the electronic efficiency of the antenna device.
  • the user experience of the device realizes the free switching of the working frequency band corresponding to the corresponding working state according to different space scenes among multiple low-frequency frequency bands by controlling the antenna to switch between multiple low-frequency frequency bands, and improves the electronic efficiency of the antenna device. The user experience of the device.
  • the electronic equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application based on the antenna assembly and the antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application, realizes corresponding working states according to different space scenes, allows the antenna to switch freely between multiple low-frequency frequency bands, and ensures In a space scenario, the antenna can work in a low-frequency band with high-quality signals, and the working frequency band of the antenna covers the low-frequency band, which improves the user experience of electronic devices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of an antenna assembly in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 (a) is the schematic circuit diagram of the first embodiment of the first tuning circuit in the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 2(b) is a schematic circuit diagram of the second embodiment of the first tuning circuit in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the first tuning circuit in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second tuning circuit embodiment in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a second tuning circuit and a third tuning circuit in the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of an embodiment of an antenna assembly in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the second antenna assembly embodiment in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6(c) is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the third antenna assembly embodiment in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6(d) is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the fourth antenna assembly embodiment in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of an embodiment of a first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit in an antenna assembly in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the frequency response of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the direction of the PCB floor current excited when the antenna handles the first working state in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the direction of the PCB floor current excited when the antenna handles the second working state in the embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second used in this application are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • connection in the following embodiments should be understood as “electrical connection”, “communication connection”, etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have the transmission of electric signals or data between each other.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the antenna assembly in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. The first tuning circuit 201; wherein,
  • the parasitic radiation stub 103 includes a first ground end 1041 and a first coupled end 105, and the radiation stub 101 includes a second ground end 1042 and a second coupled end 106; the parasitic radiation stub 103 and the radiation stub 101 are connected by the first coupled end 105 and Gap coupling between the second coupled ends 106;
  • one end 201a of the first tuning circuit 201 is electrically connected to the parasitic radiation branch 103, and the other end 201b of the first tuning circuit 201 is connected to the ground point 1043; the first tuning The circuit 201 is used to adjust the first low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation stub 103 coupled with the radiation stub 101;
  • one end 202a of the second tuning circuit 202 is electrically connected to the radiation branch 101, and the other end 202b of the second tuning circuit 202 is electrically connected to the feed source 102; the second tuning circuit 202 is used to adjust the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation stub 101;
  • the first low-frequency resonance frequency point is higher than the second low-frequency resonance frequency point.
  • a first tuning circuit 201 is added between the parasitic radiation branch 103 and the ground point 104 of the antenna assembly, and a second tuning circuit is added between the radiation branch 101 and the feed source 102 of the antenna assembly 202, adjust the first low-frequency resonance point and the second low-frequency resonance point respectively through the first tuning circuit 201 and the second tuning circuit 202, changing the low-frequency resonance point of the antenna, so that the antenna can work in multiple low-frequency bands; moreover, this application
  • the antenna assembly provided by the embodiment utilizes the radiation capability of the parasitic radiation stub characteristic mode without changing the overall antenna layout, thereby improving the signal strength and improving the antenna performance.
  • the antenna component provided by the embodiment of the present application is a multi-mode antenna.
  • the working frequency band of the antenna covers the low frequency band, and can switch between multiple low frequency bands to ensure high-quality signals, which improves the performance of the antenna and improves the location of the antenna component. User experience of electronic devices.
  • the feed source 102 is used to provide an excitation signal, and one end of the feed source 102 is connected to the second tuning circuit 202 .
  • the distance between the connection point where the second tuning circuit 202 is electrically connected to the radiation branch 101 and the second ground terminal 1042 can be set It is greater than the preset value to ensure the normal operation of the second tuning circuit 202, that is, its impedance value can be adjusted according to requirements. That is to say, the connection point and the return point cannot be too close, and the preset value can be determined according to the actual application scenario, which does not limit the protection scope of the present application, as long as the second tuning circuit 202 can work normally.
  • both the first tuning circuit 201 and the second tuning circuit 202 have adjustable impedance values, and the first tuning circuit 201 and the second tuning circuit 202 are adjusted by adjusting the impedance
  • the low-frequency resonance point and the second low-frequency resonance point are used to adjust the low-frequency resonance point of the antenna component, so that the antenna covers low-frequency bands and can switch between different low-frequency bands.
  • the first tuning circuit 201 has an adjustable impedance value, and is arranged between the parasitic radiation branch 103 and the ground point 1043, and can be used to adjust the parasitic radiation by adjusting the impedance value of the first tuning circuit 201 The first low-frequency resonance point of the branch 103 , so as to adjust the radiation frequency band of the parasitic radiation branch 103 .
  • the first tuning circuit 201 may include one or any combination of the following: an adjustable capacitor, an adjustable inductor, or a sliding rheostat.
  • the size of the adjustable capacitor or the adjustable inductor is adjusted to control the size of the first low-frequency resonance point, thereby adjusting the radiation frequency band of the parasitic radiation branch 103 .
  • the first tuning circuit 201 may be composed of a single adjustable capacitor, adjustable inductor or sliding rheostat, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the first tuning circuit 201 may also be composed of an adjustable capacitor, an adjustable inductor or a sliding rheostat, two examples are given here for illustration.
  • Fig. 2 (a) is the schematic diagram of the circuit of the first embodiment of the first tuning circuit in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Fig. 2 (a), the first tuning circuit 201 of this embodiment includes an inductance 2011 and an adjustable capacitance Taking an adjustable capacitor 2012 in series as an example, the loading value of the inductance can be changed by adjusting the capacitance value of the adjustable capacitor 2012, which is equivalent to changing the first effective length of the parasitic radiation branch 103.
  • Fig. 2(b) is a schematic circuit diagram of the second embodiment of the first tuning circuit in the embodiment of the present application. In another embodiment, as shown in Fig.
  • the inductor 2011 and the adjustable capacitor 2012 can also be used In the parallel connection mode, it is equivalent to increasing the loading value of the inductor.
  • the inductor and the adjustable capacitor are taken as examples for illustration, and there are many specific circuit implementation methods, which are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.
  • the first tuning circuit 201 may include a plurality of impedance adjustable circuits arranged in parallel, and the impedance adjustable circuit includes: impedance elements, including capacitive elements, inductive elements or resistive elements; switching elements, and impedance elements A series arrangement; the impedance elements of one of the adjustable impedance circuits are short-circuited.
  • the switching elements on the multiple impedance adjustable circuits may be electronic switches such as switching transistors distributed in each impedance adjustable circuit, or may be single-pole multi-throw switches.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the third embodiment of the first tuning circuit in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the impedance element is used as an inductor
  • the switching element is a single-pole multi-throw switch ( Take the switch K1 for short) as an example
  • the impedance adjustable circuit in this embodiment includes the impedance adjustable circuit S21, the impedance adjustable circuit S22, the impedance adjustable circuit S23 and the impedance adjustable circuit S24, wherein it is assumed that the impedance adjustable circuit S24
  • the short circuit of the impedance element is equivalent to the direct grounding of the parasitic radiation branch 103; the inductance values of the inductors in the impedance adjustable circuit S21, the impedance adjustable circuit S22 and the impedance adjustable circuit S23 may be the same or different.
  • the low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation stub 103 can be adjusted by selectively turning on the impedance adjustable circuit with a suitable inductance value through the switch K1 .
  • FIG. 3 shows that in one embodiment, as shown in FIG.
  • the switch K1 when the switch K1 selects to turn on the adjustable impedance circuit S24 , it is equivalent to directly grounding the parasitic radiation branch 103 , which is equivalent to turning off the low-frequency radiation of the parasitic radiation branch 103 .
  • the switch K1 may also be used to select an impedance adjustable circuit with a sufficiently small on-inductance value, which may also be equivalent to turning off the low-frequency radiation of the parasitic radiation branch 103 .
  • the inductor as an example to illustrate the impedance adjustable circuit, and it can also be a capacitor, or include a capacitor and an inductor, or even the circuit structure shown in Figure 2(a) and Figure 2(b), etc. There are many specific circuit implementations, which are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.
  • the second tuning circuit 202 has an adjustable impedance value and is arranged between the radiation stub 101 and the feed source 102 . It can be used to adjust the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation stub 101 by adjusting the impedance value of the second tuning circuit 202 , thereby adjusting the radiation frequency band of the radiation stub 101 .
  • the second tuning circuit 202 may also include one or any combination of the following: an adjustable capacitor, an adjustable inductor, or a sliding rheostat.
  • the size of the adjustable capacitor or the adjustable inductor is adjusted to control the size of the second low-frequency resonance point, thereby adjusting the radiation frequency band of the radiation branch 102 .
  • the second tuning circuit 202 may also include multiple impedance adjustable circuits arranged in parallel, and the impedance adjustable circuit includes: impedance elements, including capacitive elements, inductive elements or resistive elements; switching elements, and impedance The components are arranged in series; the impedance components of one of the impedance adjustable circuits are short-circuited.
  • the impedance adjustable circuit includes: impedance elements, including capacitive elements, inductive elements or resistive elements; switching elements, and impedance The components are arranged in series; the impedance components of one of the impedance adjustable circuits are short-circuited.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second tuning circuit embodiment in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the impedance elements are inductors and capacitors, and the switching elements are single-pole multiple throws.
  • the impedance adjustable circuit in this embodiment includes an impedance adjustable circuit S25, an impedance adjustable circuit S26, an impedance adjustable circuit S27, and an impedance adjustable circuit S28, wherein it is assumed that the impedance adjustable circuit
  • the impedance element of S28 is short-circuited, which is equivalent to that the radiation branch 101 is directly connected to the feed source 102;
  • the impedance adjustable circuit S25 and the impedance adjustable circuit S26 are connected with inductors, and the inductance values of the inductors can be the same or different; in the impedance adjustable circuit S25 Connect the capacitor.
  • the impedance adjustable circuit of the capacitance value is used to adjust the low-frequency resonance point of the radiation branch 101 to obtain a wider antenna working frequency band.
  • the circuit composition in Figure 4 is just an example, and it can also be in other forms of circuit composition, or even the circuit structure shown in Figure 2(a) and Figure 2(b), etc. To limit the protection scope of this application.
  • the number of impedance adjustable circuits in the first tuning circuit 201 or the second tuning circuit 202 can be four, five, etc., and can also be set according to user needs, and the specific implementation is not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. , which will not be repeated here.
  • the antenna assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application realizes switching the low frequency band of the antenna by adjusting the impedance value of the first tuning circuit 201 and the impedance value of the second tuning circuit 202, so that the antenna can cover low In the frequency band of 1 GHz, for example, the frequency band in the range of 699 MHz to 960 MHz.
  • the antenna assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include: a third tuning circuit 203; the third tuning circuit 203 has an adjustable impedance value, and one end of the third tuning circuit 203 is connected to the second tuning circuit Any one end of the circuit 202 (as shown in the solid line connection or the dot-dash line connection in Figure 5 ) is electrically connected, and the other end of the third tuning circuit 203 is grounded, and the third tuning circuit 203 can be used to cooperate with the second tuning circuit 202 to adjust The second low frequency resonance point, that is to say, adjust the second low frequency resonance point of the radiation branch 101 together with the second tuning circuit 202 by adjusting the impedance value of the third tuning circuit 203 itself, thereby adjusting the radiation frequency band of the radiation branch 101 .
  • the impedance element is an inductor and a capacitor
  • the switch element is a single-pole multi-throw switch (referred to as switch K2)
  • the impedance adjustable circuit of the third tuning circuit 203 includes an impedance adjustable circuit S29, an impedance adjustable circuit S30, an impedance The adjustable circuit S31 and the adjustable impedance circuit S32, wherein the impedance elements of the adjustable impedance circuit S32 are short-circuited.
  • the mismatch loss can be reduced, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the antenna.
  • the second tuning circuit 202 may be an adjustable capacitor.
  • the value of the adjustable capacitor constituting the second tuning circuit 202 may be, for example, 1pF.
  • the adjustable capacitor forming the second tuning circuit 202 can also be a capacitor with a fixed value.
  • the third tuning circuit 203 can be regarded as the second tuning circuit whose ground terminal is directly grounded. 202.
  • the third tuning circuit 203 may also include one or any combination of the following: an adjustable capacitor, an adjustable inductor, or a sliding rheostat.
  • the size of the adjustable capacitor or the adjustable inductor is adjusted to control the size of the second low-frequency resonance point, thereby adjusting the radiation frequency band of the radiation branch 102 .
  • the third tuning circuit 203 may also include multiple impedance adjustable circuits arranged in parallel, and the impedance adjustable circuit includes: impedance elements, including capacitive elements, inductive elements or resistive elements; switching elements, and impedance The components are arranged in series; the impedance components of one of the impedance adjustable circuits are short-circuited.
  • the third tuning circuit 203 By turning on or off one or some adjustable impedance circuits in the third tuning circuit 203, adjust the size of the impedance value of the third tuning circuit 203 to control the size of the second low-frequency resonance point, thereby adjusting the radiation of the radiation branch 102 band.
  • the third tuning circuit 203 reference may be made to the first tuning circuit 201 and the second tuning circuit 202, which will not be repeated here.
  • the single-pole multi-throw switches in the first tuning circuit 201 , the second tuning circuit 202 and the third tuning circuit 203 can also be in an off state as required.
  • the first low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation branch 103 is adjusted by adjusting the impedance value of the first tuning circuit 201
  • the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation branch 102 is adjusted by adjusting the impedance value of the second tuning circuit 202.
  • Resonant point in this way, superimposing the first low-frequency resonance point and the second low-frequency resonance point adjusts the low-frequency band of the antenna, so that the antenna can switch between different low-frequency bands according to requirements; wherein, the second low-frequency resonance point is higher than the first low-frequency resonance point.
  • This method not only widens the low-frequency band of the antenna so that the antenna covers the low-frequency band, but also realizes the free switching of the antenna among multiple low-frequency bands according to requirements; moreover, it improves the performance of the antenna and improves the The signal strength is improved, and the user experience of the electronic device where the antenna is located is improved.
  • the first tuning circuit 201 is controlled to close the low-frequency resonance of the parasitic radiation branch 103 by adjusting the impedance value of the first tuning circuit 201, and the second tuning circuit 202 is adjusted by adjusting the impedance value of the second tuning circuit 202.
  • Low-frequency resonance point in this way, the low-frequency frequency band of the antenna is adjusted according to the second low-frequency resonance point, so that the antenna can switch between different low-frequency frequency bands according to requirements; wherein, the first low-frequency resonance frequency point is at least higher than the preset low-frequency resonance frequency point
  • the frequency threshold is such as 100 megahertz (MHz), 200 MHz, 300 MHz, etc.
  • the difference between the first low frequency resonance value and the second low frequency resonance value is at least greater than the preset frequency threshold such as 200 MHz.
  • the antenna covers the low-frequency band, and realizes the free switching of the antenna between multiple low-frequency bands according to requirements;
  • the PCB floor of the device excites more lateral currents, which effectively reduces the Specific Absorption Ratio (SAR, Specific Absorption Ratio), thereby reducing the human body radiation of electronic devices and improving the user experience of electronic devices where the antenna is located.
  • SAR Specific Absorption Ratio
  • Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of an antenna assembly embodiment in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the dotted line box represents the outline of the electronic device
  • the electronic device includes a metal frame on one side
  • the assembly at least includes: a radiation stub 101 , a parasitic radiation stub 103 , a first slot 105 , a second slot 106 , a third slot 107 , a feed source 102 , a first tuning circuit 201 and a second tuning circuit 202 .
  • the first slit 105, the second slit 106, and the third slit 107 are all opened in the metal frame.
  • the metal frame between the first slit 105 and the third slit 107 is the radiation branch 101, which is located in the first slit 105.
  • the metal frame between the second gap 106 is the parasitic radiation stub 103; the feed source 102 is used to provide the excitation signal, and the second tuning circuit 202 is connected between the feed source 102 and the second connection point 1011 of the radiation stub 101, and the second The tuning circuit 202 has an adjustable impedance value, and the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation branch 101 is adjusted by adjusting the impedance value of the second tuning circuit 202; the first tuning circuit 202 is connected to the third ground point 1043 and the parasitic radiation branch 103 Between the first connection points 1031 , the first tuning circuit 201 has an adjustable impedance value, and the first low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation stub 103 is adjusted by adjusting the impedance value of the first tuning circuit 201 .
  • the shaded part represents the first ground point 1041 and the radiation stub 103
  • the location area of the second ground point 1042 of 101, the second connection point 1011 is located on the side of the radiation branch 101 away from the area of the second ground point 1042, and the distance between the second connection point 1011 and the second ground point 1042 is greater than the preset value to ensure the normal operation of the second tuning circuit 202, that is, its impedance value can be adjusted according to requirements.
  • the size of the preset value can be determined according to the actual application scene, and does not need to limit the protection scope of the present application, as long as the second tuning circuit 202 can work normally. Can.
  • FIG. 6( a ) is a schematic diagram of a location and structure of the antenna assembly according to the embodiment of the present application, which may also be as shown in Fig. 6(b), Fig. 6(c), Fig. 6(d) and so on.
  • Fig. 6 (b) is an example diagram of the embodiment of Fig. 6 (a) being symmetrical up and down
  • Fig. 6 (c) is an example diagram of the embodiment of Fig. 6 (a) being left and right symmetrical
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the form of the antenna, nor is it used to limit the scope of protection of the present application, which may include but not limited to such as: inverted F antenna, planar inverted F antenna (PIFA, Planar Inverted -F Antenna), loop antenna (Loop Antenna), monopole antenna (Monopole Antenna), etc.
  • the antenna provided in this embodiment of the present application may be a low-frequency antenna.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna device, including at least: a controller and the antenna assembly described in any one of the above; wherein, the controller is configured to Corresponding to the working state of the antenna assembly, the adjustment of the first tuning circuit 201 and the second tuning circuit 202 included in the antenna assembly is controlled, so that the antenna assembly switches between different low frequency bands according to the working state.
  • the controller is configured to Corresponding to the working state of the antenna assembly, the adjustment of the first tuning circuit 201 and the second tuning circuit 202 included in the antenna assembly is controlled, so that the antenna assembly switches between different low frequency bands according to the working state.
  • the controller is disposed inside the electronic device.
  • Electronic equipment includes a PCB board and a PCB floor.
  • the PCB floor is used to ground the components integrated on the PCB board to prevent electric shock or equipment damage.
  • the electronic device may include a smart phone, a tablet computer, a Mobile Internet Device (MID, Mobile Internet Device) or other communication modules that can be configured with antennas.
  • MID Mobile Internet Device
  • the controller can be integrated on the PCB board of the electronic device, and is used to control the first tuning circuit 201 and the second tuning circuit 202 to adjust the antenna component according to the working state of the antenna component corresponding to the space scene information
  • the working state of is the working state corresponding to the current spatial scene information.
  • the working state of the antenna assembly includes at least two working states, which respectively correspond to different spatial scene information.
  • the adjustment of the first tuning circuit 201 and the second tuning circuit 202 included in the control antenna assembly in the controller includes:
  • the controller will control the first tuning circuit 201 to adjust its impedance value to adjust the first low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation branch 103 coupled with the radiation branch 101, and control the second tuning circuit 202 Adjust its impedance value to adjust the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation stub 101, and make the antenna component support the low-frequency band corresponding to the working state according to the first low-frequency resonance point and the second low-frequency resonance point, that is, it can work at the low frequency corresponding to the working state frequency band; wherein, the first low-frequency resonance point is higher than the second low-frequency resonance point.
  • the spatial scene information corresponds to the first working state
  • the controller controls the antenna assembly to support the low frequency band corresponding to the first working state
  • the current excited on the PCB floor of the electronic equipment to which the antenna device belongs is longitudinally distributed , referred to herein as the longitudinal current.
  • the working state of the antenna assembly is the first working state
  • the control in the controller to adjust the first tuning circuit 201 and the second tuning circuit 202 included in the antenna assembly may include:
  • Control the first tuning circuit 201 to adjust its impedance value to adjust the first low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation branch 103, control the second tuning circuit 202 to adjust the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation branch 102, and superimpose the first low-frequency resonance point and the second low-frequency
  • the resonance point obtains the low-frequency resonance point of the antenna, so that the antenna component switches to the low-frequency band corresponding to the first working state; wherein, the second low-frequency resonance point is higher than the first low-frequency resonance point.
  • the spatial scene information corresponds to the second working state
  • the controller controls the antenna assembly to support the low frequency band corresponding to the second working state
  • the current excited on the PCB floor of the electronic equipment to which the antenna device belongs is distributed laterally , referred to herein as the lateral current.
  • the working state of the antenna assembly is the second working state
  • the adjustment of the first tuning circuit 201 and the second tuning circuit 202 included in the controller to control the antenna may include:
  • the first tuning circuit 201 to close the low-frequency resonance of the parasitic radiation branch 103 included in the antenna assembly, control the second tuning circuit 202 to adjust the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation branch 102 included in the antenna, and switch the antenna assembly to The low-frequency frequency band corresponding to the second working state; wherein, the first low-frequency resonance frequency point is at least higher than the second low-frequency resonance frequency point preset frequency point threshold such as 200 megahertz (MHz), 300MHz, etc., that is, the first low-frequency resonance value and the second low-frequency resonance frequency point The difference between the two low-frequency resonance values is greater than a preset frequency threshold such as 200 MHz, 300 MHz, and so on.
  • a preset frequency threshold such as 200 MHz, 300 MHz, and so on.
  • controlling the first tuning circuit 201 to turn off the low-frequency resonance of the parasitic radiation branch included in the antenna assembly may include:
  • the first tuning circuit 201 is switched to an impedance adjustable circuit in which the impedance element is short-circuited; or,
  • the first tuning circuit 201 is switched to an impedance adjustable circuit with an inductance value smaller than a preset inductance value.
  • the spatial scene information can be obtained through detection, such as: detecting the pressure of the electronic device through a pre-arranged piezoelectric sensor, and another example: detecting whether the electronic device is close to the head through a pre-arranged distance sensor Department etc.
  • space scene information such as vertical screen hand-holding, horizontal screen hand-holding, and free-hand holding electronic devices can be detected by pressure sensors.
  • the working state of the antenna component corresponding to the information is the first working state.
  • the spatial scene information such as the distance sensor can be used to detect the proximity of the head to the electronic device.
  • Protecting the user is the protection mode, and the working state of the antenna assembly corresponding to the space scene information is the second working state, or it is also possible to directly collect the operation mode of an electronic device such as a mobile phone to know whether the mobile phone is in a call state.
  • the detection method of space scene information is not used to limit the scope of protection of this application.
  • the working frequency band is used to switch the radiation frequency band of the antenna to cover various application scenarios, such as: smart head cutting, SAR reduction smart cutting, hand holding smart cutting, etc. In this way, it is ensured that in different space scenarios, the antenna can switch between multiple low-frequency frequency bands with high-quality signals, and the working frequency band of the antenna covers the low-frequency frequency band, thereby improving the user experience of electronic devices.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of an embodiment of the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit in an antenna assembly in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first tuning circuit 202 between the first connection point 1031 of 103 adopts the circuit structure shown in FIG.
  • the tuning circuit 202 adopts the circuit structure shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the controller when the spatial scene information corresponds to the first working state, the controller will control the first tuning circuit 201 to adjust its impedance according to the low frequency band corresponding to the first working state value to adjust the first low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation branch 103, control the second tuning circuit 202 to adjust the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation branch 101, and the first low-frequency resonance point is higher than the second low-frequency resonance point, according to the superimposed first low-frequency resonance point.
  • the first low-frequency resonance point and the second low-frequency resonance point allow the working frequency band of the antenna to be the low-frequency frequency band corresponding to the first working state, thereby completing the switching of the antenna assembly to the low-frequency frequency band applicable to the space scene corresponding to the first working state.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the frequency response of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the abscissa represents the frequency (in GHz), and the ordinate represents the return loss characteristic (in dB).
  • the resonance of the parasitic radiation stub 103 The point is the first low-frequency resonance point of the parasitic radiation stub in FIG. 8, the resonance point of the radiation stub 101 is the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation stub in FIG. 8, and the first low-frequency resonance point is higher than the second low-frequency resonance point .
  • the antenna Switching to work in the low-frequency band corresponding to the first working state ensures that the working state of the antenna is switched as the space scene of the electronic device changes.
  • the antenna switches to work in the low-frequency band corresponding to the first working state.
  • a longitudinal current will be excited on the PCB floor. In space scenarios such as free and normal use, it has a good signal and obtains good free performance.
  • the low-frequency resonance point of the antenna is changed, so that the working frequency band of the antenna covers the low-frequency band, and It can switch between multiple low-frequency frequency bands; moreover, using the radiation capability of the parasitic radiation branch characteristic mode, the signal strength is improved, the antenna performance is improved, and the user experience of the electronic device is improved.
  • the controller when the spatial scene information corresponds to the second working state, the controller will control the first tuning circuit 201 to turn off the spurious
  • the low-frequency resonance of the radiation branch 103 is controlled by the second tuning circuit 202 to adjust the second low-frequency resonance point of the radiation branch 101, and the difference between the first low-frequency resonance point and the second low-frequency resonance point is greater than 200MHz, and the antenna is adjusted according to the second low-frequency resonance point.
  • the working frequency band is the low-frequency frequency band corresponding to the second working state, so that the antenna assembly is switched to the low-frequency frequency band applicable to the space scene corresponding to the second working state.
  • the second tuning circuit 202 When the second tuning circuit 202 is adjusted to an appropriate impedance value, an appropriate second low-frequency resonance point will be obtained, so that the antenna assembly can be switched to work in the low-frequency band corresponding to the second working state, ensuring that the working state of the antenna follows the electronic equipment. Switch when the space scene changes.
  • controlling the first tuning circuit 201 to turn off the low-frequency resonance of the parasitic radiation branch 103 of the antenna can be understood as: the first tuning circuit 201 switches to the impedance element A short-circuit adjustable impedance circuit, for example: as shown in FIG.
  • the conduction impedance adjustable circuit S24 is selected through the switch K1, and the parasitic radiation branch 103 is directly grounded; or, the first tuning circuit 201 is switched to an inductance value smaller than the preset inductance value As long as the amount of coupling caused by the radiation stub 101 feeding power to the parasitic radiation stub is small, the low-frequency resonance of the parasitic radiation stub can be ignored at this time, which is equivalent to turning off the low-frequency resonance of the parasitic radiation stub 103. As shown in Figure 10, in the second working state, the antenna switches to work in the low-frequency band corresponding to the second working state.
  • a transverse current will be excited on the PCB floor, thus ensuring that electronic devices such as smart phones In space scenarios such as making a call or putting the ear close to the speaker to listen to voice information, it can effectively reduce SAR, thereby reducing the human body radiation of the electronic device, and thereby improving the user experience of the electronic device where the antenna is located.
  • the free switching of the antenna between multiple low-frequency frequency bands is realized according to requirements; More lateral currents are excited on the PCB floor, which effectively reduces the SAR and reduces the human body radiation of electronic equipment, thereby improving the user experience of the electronic equipment where the antenna is located.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including a body, and the antenna device described in any one of the above-mentioned devices disposed on the body.
  • the radiation stub and the parasitic radiation stub included in the antenna device may be disposed on any frame of the electronic device, or may also be disposed on any adjacent frame.
  • the radiation stub and the parasitic radiation stub included in the antenna device may be metal frame stubs of electronic equipment, or may also be traces of a flexible circuit board (FPC).
  • FPC flexible circuit board
  • the electronic device is a smart phone, and the smart phone covers various application scenarios.
  • the antenna and the antenna device provided in the embodiments of the present application, by controlling the antenna to switch between multiple low-frequency bands, the The working frequency band corresponding to the corresponding working state of the space scene can be freely switched between multiple low-frequency frequency bands, realizing smart head switching (such as calling scenes, etc.), reducing SAR smart switching (such as calling scenes, etc.), hand-held smart switching (such as calling Smart switching such as games, reading, etc.) improves the user experience of smartphones.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种天线组件、天线装置和电子设备，本申请实施例提供的天线，通过设置在寄生辐射枝节和接地点之间的第一调谐电路调整与辐射枝节耦合的寄生辐射枝节的第一低频谐振点，以及通过设置在辐射枝节和馈源之间的第二调谐电路调整辐射枝节的第二低频谐振点，改变了天线的低频谐振点，使得天线的工作频段覆盖低频频段；而且，在不改变整体天线布局的情况下，利用寄生辐射枝节特征模式的辐射能力，改善了信号强度，提升了天线性能。本申请实施例提供的天线装置和电子设备，实现了根据天线的工作状态在具有高质量信号的多个低频频段间切换工作，覆盖各种应用场景，提升了电子设备的用户体验。

Description

一种天线组件、天线装置和电子设备 技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于无线通信技术，尤指一种天线组件、天线装置和电子设备。
背景技术
随着通信技术的发展，天线作为通信系统的重要部件，很大程度上决定了通信系统的性能，因此，设计高性能的天线越来越重要。而且，随着智能电子设备如智能手机、平板等的普及，用户对智能电子设备的用户体验要求也越来越高，而天线的设计及性能直接关乎智能电子设备的用户体验。
发明概述
本申请提供一种天线组件、天线装置和电子设备，能够提升天线性能，提升电子设备用户体验。
本申请实施例提供一种天线组件，包括：馈源、辐射枝节、寄生辐射枝节、第一调谐电路、第二调谐电路；其中，
寄生辐射枝节包括第一接地端和第一耦合端，辐射枝节包括第二接地端和第二耦合端；寄生辐射枝节与辐射枝节之间通过第一耦合端和第二耦合端之间的间隙耦合；
在第一接地端和第一耦合端之间，第一调谐电路的一端与寄生辐射枝节电连接，另一端接地，用于调整与辐射枝节耦合的寄生辐射枝节的第一低频谐振点；
在第二接地端和第二耦合端之间，第二调谐电路的一端与辐射枝节电连接，另一端与馈源电连接，用于调整辐射枝节的第二低频谐振点；
其中，第一低频谐振点高于第二低频谐振点。
本申请实施例还提供一种天线装置，包括：控制器，以及上述任一项所述的天线组件；其中，
控制器，用于根据天线装置所在电子设备的空间场景信息对应的天线组件的工作状态，控制所述天线组件包括的第一调谐电路和第二调谐电路的调 整阻抗值，以使所述天线组件随工作状态在不同低频频段间切换。
本申请实施例又提供一种电子设备，包括本体，以及设置在本体上的上述任一项所述的天线装置。
本申请实施例提供的天线组件，通过设置在寄生辐射枝节和接地点之间的第一调谐电路调整与辐射枝节耦合的寄生辐射枝节的第一低频谐振点，以及通过设置在辐射枝节和馈源之间的第二调谐电路调整辐射枝节的第二低频谐振点，改变了天线的低频谐振点，使得天线的工作频段覆盖低频频段；而且，在不改变整体天线布局的情况下，利用寄生辐射枝节特征模式的辐射能力，改善了信号强度，提升了天线性能。
本申请实施例提供的天线装置，通过控制天线在多个低频频段间切换，实现了根据不同的空间场景相应的工作状态对应的工作频段在多个低频频段间自由切换，提升了天线装置所在电子设备的用户体验。
本申请实施例提供的电子设备，基于本申请实施例提供的天线组件和天线装置，实现了根据不同的空间场景相应的工作状态，让天线在多个低频频段间自由切换，保证了在不同的空间场景下，天线可以在具有高质量信号的低频频段工作，天线的工作频段覆盖低频频段，提升了电子设备的用户体验。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图概述
附图用来提供对本申请技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本申请的技术方案，并不构成对本申请技术方案的限制。
图1为本申请实施例中天线组件的原理结构示意图；
图2(a)为本申请实施例中第一调谐电路第一实施例的电路示意图；
图2(b)为本申请实施例中第一调谐电路第二实施例的电路示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中第一调谐电路第三实施例的电路示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中一种第二调谐电路实施例的电路示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中一种第二调谐电路、第三调谐电路实施例的电路示意图；
图6(a)为本申请实施例中一种天线组件实施例的组成结构示意图；
图6(b)为本申请实施例中第二种天线组件实施例的组成结构示意图；
图6(c)为本申请实施例中第三种天线组件实施例的组成结构示意图；
图6(d)为本申请实施例中第四种天线组件实施例的组成结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中一种天线组件中第一调谐电路、第二调谐电路的实施例的组成结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中天线一个频率响应实施例的示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中天线处理第一工作状态时激励起的PCB地板电流的方向示意图；
图10为本申请实施例中天线处理第二工作状态时激励起的PCB地板电流的方向示意图。
详述
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下文中将结合附图对本申请的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
为了便于理解本申请，下面将参照相关附图对本申请进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本申请的实施例。但是，本申请可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使本申请的公开内容更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。
可以理解，本申请所使用的术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由 此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个、三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
可以理解，以下实施例中的“连接”，如果被连接的电路、模块、单元等相互之间具有电信号或数据的传递，则应理解为“电连接”、“通信连接”等。
在此使用时，单数形式的“一”、“一个”和“所述/该”也可以包括复数形式，除非上下文清楚指出另外的方式。还应当理解的是，术语“包括/包含”或“具有”等指定所陈述的特征、整体、步骤、操作、组件、部分或它们的组合的存在，但是不排除存在或添加一个或更多个其他特征、整体、步骤、操作、组件、部分或它们的组合的可能性。同时，在本说明书中使用的术语“和/或”包括相关所列项目的任何及所有组合。
图1为本申请实施例中天线组件的原理结构示意图，如图1所示，本申请实施例中的天线组件包括：馈源102、辐射枝节101、第二调谐电路202、寄生辐射枝节103和第一调谐电路201；其中，
寄生辐射枝节103包括第一接地端1041和第一耦合端105，辐射枝节101包括第二接地端1042和第二耦合端106；寄生辐射枝节103与辐射枝节101之间通过第一耦合端105和第二耦合端106之间的间隙耦合；
在第一接地端1041和第一耦合端105之间，第一调谐电路201的一端201a与寄生辐射枝节103电连接，第一调谐电路201的另一端201b与接地点1043连接接地；第一调谐电路201用于调整与辐射枝节101耦合的寄生辐射枝节103的第一低频谐振点；
在第二接地端1042和第二耦合端106之间，第二调谐电路202的一端202a与辐射枝节101电连接，第二调谐电路202的另一端202b与馈源102电连接；第二调谐电路202用于调整辐射枝节101的第二低频谐振点；
其中，第一低频谐振频点高于第二低频谐振频点。
本申请实施例提供的天线组件，在天线组件的寄生辐射枝节103和接地点104之间增加了第一调谐电路201，在天线组件的辐射枝节101和馈源102之间增加了第二调谐电路202，通过第一调谐电路201和第二调谐电路202 分别调整第一低频谐振点和第二低频谐振点，改变了天线的低频谐振点，使得天线可以工作在多个低频频段；而且，本申请实施例提供的天线组件，在不改变整体天线布局的情况下，利用寄生辐射枝节特征模式的辐射能力，改善了信号强度，提升了天线性能。本申请实施例提供的天线组件是一种多模态天线，天线的工作频段覆盖低频频段，能够在多个低频频段间切换工作并保证高质量信号，提升了天线性能，也提升了天线组件所在电子设备的用户体验。
在一种示例性实例中，馈源102用于提供激励信号，馈源102的一端与连接于第二调谐电路202。
在一种示例性实例中，为了更好地保证天线能稳定地在不同的低频频段间切换，第二调谐电路202与辐射枝节101电连接的连接点与第二接地端1042间的距离可以设置为大于预设值，以确保第二调谐电路202的正常工作即其阻抗值可以根据需求调整。也就是说，该连接点与回地点不能靠得太近，预设值的大小可以根据实际应用场景确定，并不用限定本申请的保护范围，只要保证第二调谐电路202能正常工作即可。
在一种示例性实例中，第一调谐电路201和第二调谐电路202均具有可调的阻抗值，通过调整第一调谐电路201的阻抗值和第二调谐电路202的阻抗值分别调整第一低频谐振点和第二低频谐振点，从而调整天线组件的低频谐振点，以使天线覆盖低频频段，并可以在不同低频频段间切换。
在一种示例性实例中，第一调谐电路201具有可调的阻抗值，设置在寄生辐射枝节103和接地点1043之间，可以用于通过调整第一调谐电路201的阻抗值来调整寄生辐射枝节103的第一低频谐振点，从而调整寄生辐射枝节103的辐射频段。
在一种示例性实例中，第一调谐电路201可以包括以下之一或任意组合：可调电容、可调电感器或滑动变阻器。调整可调电容或可调电感器的大小来控制第一低频谐振点的大小，从而调整寄生辐射枝节103的辐射频段。第一调谐电路201可以由单独的可调电容、可调电感器或滑动变阻器构成，这里不再详述。第一调谐电路201也可以由可调电容、可调电感器或滑动变阻器组合构成，这里举两个例子说明。在一种实施例中，通过第一调谐电路201 加载电感相当于延长了寄生辐射枝节103的第一有效长度，寄生辐射枝节103的谐振点会向低偏移。图2(a)为本申请实施例中第一调谐电路第一实施例的电路示意图，如图2(a)所示，本实施例以第一调谐电路201包括电感2011和电容值可调的一可调电容2012串联为例，可以通过调整该可调电容2012的电容值来改变电感的加载值，等效于改变寄生辐射枝节103的第一有效长度，图2(a)中的电感2011串联可调电容2012的方式，相当于降低电感的加载值，该可调电容2012越高，电感的加载值降低越多，会在加载电感2011后延长的第一有效长度的基础上缩短寄生辐射枝节103的第一有效长度，这样，寄生辐射枝节103的谐振点会向高偏移，也就是说，可以通过选择合适的电感2011和可调电容2012来调整寄生辐射枝节103的低频谐振点。图2(b)为本申请实施例中第一调谐电路第二实施例的电路示意图，在另一种实施例中，如图2(b)所示，电感2011和可调电容2012也可以采用并联方式，那么，相当于增加电感的加载值，该可调电容2012越高，电感的加载值增加越多，会在加载电感2011后延长的第一有效长度的基础上进一步延长寄生辐射枝节103的第一有效长度，这样，寄生辐射枝节103的谐振点会向低偏移，也就是说，同样可以通过选择合适的电感2011和可调电容2012来调整寄生辐射枝节103的低频谐振点。这里仅仅是以电感和可调电容为例进行说明，具体电路实现方式很多，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围。
在一种示例性实例中，第一调谐电路201可以包括多个并联设置的阻抗可调电路，阻抗可调电路包括：阻抗元件，包括电容元件、电感元件或电阻元件；开关元件，与阻抗元件串联设置；其中一条阻抗可调电路的阻抗元件短路。通过接通或断开第一调谐电路201中的某个或某些阻抗可调电路，调整第一调谐电路201阻抗值的大小来控制第一低频谐振点的大小，从而调整寄生辐射枝节103的辐射频段。
在一种示例性实例中，多条阻抗可调电路上的开关元件可以是分布在各阻抗可调电路的电子开关如开关晶体管等，也可以是单刀多掷开关。
在一种实施例中，图3为本申请实施例中第一调谐电路第三实施例的电路示意图，如图3所示，本实施例以阻抗元件为电感，开关元件为单刀多掷开关(简称开关K1)为例，本实施例中的阻抗可调电路包括阻抗可调电路 S21、阻抗可调电路S22、阻抗可调电路S23和阻抗可调电路S24，其中，假设阻抗可调电路S24的阻抗元件短路，相当于寄生辐射枝节103直接接地；阻抗可调电路S21、阻抗可调电路S22和阻抗可调电路S23中的电感器的电感值可以相同，也可以不同。当通过开关K1选择不同的阻抗可调电路时，相当于选定了寄生辐射枝节103与辐射枝节101间的耦合量，从而确定了选择该阻抗可调电路时寄生辐射枝节103的谐振点。因此，本申请实施例中，如图3所示，可以通过开关K1选择导通具有合适电感值的阻抗可调电路来调整寄生辐射枝节103的低频谐振点。在一种实施例中，如图3所示，当通过开关K1选择导通阻抗可调电路S24时，相当于寄生辐射枝节103直接接地，也就等效于关闭寄生辐射枝节103的低频辐射。在另一种实施例中，也可以通过开关K1选择导通电感值足够小的阻抗可调电路，此时也可以等效于关闭寄生辐射枝节103的低频辐射。这里仅仅是以电感为例对阻抗可调电路进行说明，也可以是电容，或包括电容和电感，甚至还可以是如图2(a)、图2(b)所示的电路结构等等，具体电路实现方式很多，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围。
在一种示例性实例中，第二调谐电路202具有可调的阻抗值，设置在辐射枝节101和馈源102之间。可以用于通过调整第二调谐电路202的阻抗值来调整辐射枝节101的第二低频谐振点，从而调整辐射枝节101的辐射频段。
在一种示例性实例中，第二调谐电路202同样可以包括以下之一或任意组合：可调电容、可调电感器或滑动变阻器。调整可调电容或可调电感器的大小来控制第二低频谐振点的大小，从而调整辐射枝节102的辐射频段。第二调谐电路202的具体实现可以参见第一调谐电路201，这里不再赘述。
在一种示例性实例中，第二调谐电路202同样可以包括多个并联设置的阻抗可调电路，阻抗可调电路包括：阻抗元件，包括电容元件、电感元件或电阻元件；开关元件，与阻抗元件串联设置；其中一条阻抗可调电路的阻抗元件短路。通过接通或断开第二调谐电路202中的某个或某些阻抗可调电路，调整第二调谐电路202阻抗值的大小来控制第二低频谐振点的大小，从而调整辐射枝节102的辐射频段。
在一种实施例中，图4为本申请实施例中一种第二调谐电路实施例的电 路示意图，如图4所示，本实施例以阻抗元件为电感、电容，开关元件为单刀多掷开关(简称开关K2)为例，本实施例中的阻抗可调电路包括阻抗可调电路S25、阻抗可调电路S26、阻抗可调电路S27和阻抗可调电路S28，其中，假设阻抗可调电路S28的阻抗元件短路，相当于辐射枝节101直接接馈源102；阻抗可调电路S25、阻抗可调电路S26中连接电感器，电感器的电感值可以相同也可以不同；阻抗可调电路S25中连接电容。当通过开关K2选择不同的阻抗可调电路时，辐射枝节101的谐振点会发生偏移，因此，本申请实施例中，如图4所示，可以通过开关K2选择导通具有合适电感值或电容值的阻抗可调电路来调整辐射枝节101的低频谐振点，以获得更宽的天线工作频段。图4的电路组成仅仅是一个示例，也可以是其他电路组成形式，甚至还可以是如图2(a)、图2(b)所示的电路结构等等，具体电路实现方式很多，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围。
需要说明的是，第一调谐电路201或第二调谐电路202中的阻抗可调电路的数量可以是四条、五条等，也可以根据用户需求设定，具体实现并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，这里不再赘述。
在一种示例性实例中，本申请实施例提供的天线组件，通过调整第一调谐电路201的阻抗值和第二调谐电路202的阻抗值，实现了切换天线的低频频段，使得天线能够覆盖低于1GHz的频段，比如699MHz～960MHz范围的频带。
在一种示例性实例中，本申请实施例提供的天线组件还可以进一步包括：第三调谐电路203；第三调谐电路203具有可调的阻抗值，第三调谐电路203的一端与第二调谐电路202的任意一端(如图5中的实线连接或点划线连接所示)电连接，第三调谐电路203的另一端接地，第三调谐电路203可以用于配合第二调谐电路202调整第二低频谐振点，也就是说，通过调整第三调谐电路203自身的阻抗值，与第二调谐电路202一起调整辐射枝节101的第二低频谐振点，从而调整辐射枝节101的辐射频段。本实施例以阻抗元件为电感、电容，开关元件为单刀多掷开关(简称开关K2)，其中，第三调谐电路203的阻抗可调电路包括阻抗可调电路S29、阻抗可调电路S30、阻抗可调电路S31和阻抗可调电路S32，其中，阻抗可调电路S32的阻抗元件短路。
本申请实施例中，通过增加的第三调谐电路203，可以降低失配损耗，进而提高天线的传输效率。在一种实施例中，如图5所示，第二调谐电路202可以为一可调电容。
在一种示例性实例中，组成第二调谐电路202的可调电容的取值可以为如1pF等。在一种实施例中，组成第二调谐电路202的可调电容也可以是一个具有固定值的电容，这种情况下，第三调谐电路203可以看作是接地端直接接地的第二调谐电路202。
在一种示例性实例中，第三调谐电路203同样可以包括以下之一或任意组合：可调电容、可调电感器或滑动变阻器。调整可调电容或可调电感器的大小来控制第二低频谐振点的大小，从而调整辐射枝节102的辐射频段。
在一种示例性实例中，第三调谐电路203同样可以包括多个并联设置的阻抗可调电路，阻抗可调电路包括：阻抗元件，包括电容元件、电感元件或电阻元件；开关元件，与阻抗元件串联设置；其中一条阻抗可调电路的阻抗元件短路。通过接通或断开第三调谐电路203中的某个或某些阻抗可调电路，调整第三调谐电路203阻抗值的大小来控制第二低频谐振点的大小，从而调整辐射枝节102的辐射频段。第三调谐电路203的具体实现可以参见第一调谐电路201、第二调谐电路202，这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是，第一调谐电路201、第二调谐电路202和第三调谐电路203中的单刀多掷开关也可以根据需要选择断开的状态。
在一种示例性实例中，通过调整第一调谐电路201的阻抗值调整了寄生辐射枝节103的第一低频谐振点，通过调整第二调谐电路202的阻抗值调整了辐射枝节102的第二低频谐振点，这样，叠加第一低频谐振点和第二低频谐振点调整了天线的低频频段，使得天线可以根据需求在不同的低频频段间切换；其中，第二低频谐振点高于第一低频谐振点。这种方式不仅展宽了天线的低频频段使得天线覆盖低频频段，并根据需求实现了天线在多个低频频段间的自由切换；而且，利用寄生辐射枝节特征模式的辐射能力，提升了天线性能，改善了信号强度，提升了天线所在电子设备的用户体验。
在一种示例性实例中，通过调整第一调谐电路201的阻抗值控制第一调谐电路201关闭寄生辐射枝节103的低频谐振，通过调整第二调谐电路202 的阻抗值调整辐射枝节102的第二低频谐振点，这样，根据第二低频谐振点调整了天线的低频频段，使得天线可以根据需求在不同低频频段间切换；其中，第一低频谐振频点至少高于第二低频谐振频点预设频点阈值如100兆赫兹(MHz)、200MHz、300MHz等，在一种实施例中，第一低频谐振值与第二低频谐振值的差值至少大于预设频点阈值如200MHz等。这种方式，通过控制对第二调谐电路202的调整，使得天线覆盖低频频段，并根据需求实现了天线在多个低频频段间的自由切换；而且，根据特征模理论，低频会在天线所在电子设备的PCB地板上更多激励起横向电流，有效降低了比吸收率(SAR，Specific Absorption Ratio)，从而减少了电子设备的人体辐射量，提升了天线所在电子设备的用户体验。
图6(a)为本申请实施例中一种天线组件实施例的组成结构示意图，如图6(a)所示，虚线框表示电子设备的外轮廓，电子设备包括一侧的金属边框，天线组件至少包括：辐射枝节101、寄生辐射枝节103、第一缝隙105、第二缝隙106、第三缝隙107、馈源102、第一调谐电路201和第二调谐电路202。第一缝隙105、第二缝隙106、第三缝隙107均开设于金属边框，本实施例中，位于第一缝隙105与第三缝隙107之间的金属边框为辐射枝节101，位于第一缝隙105与第二缝隙106之间的金属边框为寄生辐射枝节103；馈源102用于提供激励信号，第二调谐电路202连接于馈源102与辐射枝节101的第二连接点1011之间，第二调谐电路202具有可调的阻抗值，通过调整第二调谐电路202的阻抗值来调整辐射枝节101的第二低频谐振点；第一调谐电路202连接于第三接地点1043与寄生辐射枝节103的第一连接点1031之间，第一调谐电路201具有可调的阻抗值，通过调整第一调谐电路201的阻抗值来调整寄生辐射枝节103的第一低频谐振点。
在一种示例性实例中，为了更好地保证天线能稳定地在不同的低频频段间切换，如图6(a)所示，阴影部分表示寄生辐射枝节103的第一接地点1041和辐射枝节101的第二接地点1042的位置区域，第二连接点1011位于辐射枝节101远离第二接地点1042区域的一侧，而且第二连接点1011与第二接地点1042之间的距离大于预设值，以确保第二调谐电路202的正常工作即其阻抗值可根据需求调整。也就是说，第二连接点1011与回地点不能靠得太近， 预设值的大小可以根据实际应用场景确定，并不用限定本申请的保护范围，只要保证第二调谐电路202能正常工作即可。
图6(a)所示天线组件示意图仅仅是以金属边框作为天线的一种实施例，图6(a)中天线组件结构仅仅是一个示例，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围。图6(a)是本申请实施例天线组件的一种位置结构示意图，也可以是如图6(b)、图6(c)、图6(d)等所示。其中，图6(b)是图6(a)上下对称的实施例的示例图，图6(c)是图6(a)左右对称的实施例的示例图，图6(d)是图6(b)左右对称的实施例的示例图。
在一种示例性实例中，本申请实施例对天线的形式不做限制，也不用于限定本申请的保护范围，可以包括但不限于如：倒F天线、平面倒F天线(PIFA，Planar Inverted-F Antenna)、环天线(Loop Antenna)、单极子天线(Monopole Antenna)等。在一种实施例中，本申请实施例提供的天线可以为低频天线。
在一种示例性实例中，本申请实施例还提供一种天线装置，至少包括：控制器以及上述任一项所述的天线组件；其中，控制器用于根据天线装置所在电子设备的空间场景信息对应的天线组件的工作状态，控制天线组件包括的第一调谐电路201和第二调谐电路202的调整，以使天线组件随工作状态在不同低频频段间切换。天线组件的具体实现结构和组成上述已清楚阐述，这里不再赘述。
在一种示例性实例中，控制器设置于电子设备内部。电子设备包括有PCB板和PCB地板，PCB地板用于集成在PCB板上各元件接地以防止触电或设备损坏。在一种示例性实例中，电子设备可以包括智能手机、平板电脑、移动互联网设备(MID，Mobile Internet Device)或其他可设置天线的通信模块。
在一种示例性实例中，控制器可以集成于电子设备的PCB板上，用于根据空间场景信息对应的天线组件的工作状态，控制第一调谐电路201和第二调谐电路202以调整天线组件的工作状态为当前空间场景信息对应的工作状态。
在一种示例性实例中，天线组件的工作状态包括至少两种工作状态，分别对应不同的空间场景信息。控制器中的控制天线组件包括的第一调谐电路 201和第二调谐电路202的调整，包括：
对于空间场景信息对应的每一种工作状态，控制器会控制第一调谐电路201调整其阻抗值以调整与辐射枝节101耦合的寄生辐射枝节103的第一低频谐振点，控制第二调谐电路202调整其阻抗值以调整辐射枝节101的第二低频谐振点，根据第一低频谐振点和第二低频谐振点使天线组件支持该工作状态对应的低频频段，即可以工作在对应该工作状态的低频频段；其中，第一低频谐振点高于第二低频谐振点。
在一种示例性实例中，空间场景信息对应第一工作状态，在控制器控制天线组件支持第一工作状态对应的低频频段后，天线装置所属电子设备的PCB地板上激励起的电流为纵向分布，本文中称为纵向电流。
在一种示例性实例中，天线组件的工作状态为第一工作状态，控制器中的控制天线组件包括的第一调谐电路201和第二调谐电路202的调整，可以包括：
控制第一调谐电路201调整其阻抗值以调整寄生辐射枝节103的第一低频谐振点，控制第二调谐电路202调整辐射枝节102的第二低频谐振点，叠加第一低频谐振点和第二低频谐振点获得天线的低频谐振点，使得天线组件切换到第一工作状态对应的低频频段；其中，第二低频谐振点高于第一低频谐振点。
在一种示例性实例中，空间场景信息对应第二工作状态，在控制器控制天线组件支持第二工作状态对应的低频频段后，天线装置所属电子设备的PCB地板上激励起的电流为横向分布，本文中称为横向电流。
在一种示例性实例中，天线组件的工作状态为第二工作状态，控制器中的控制天线包括的第一调谐电路201和第二调谐电路202的调整，可以包括：
控制第一调谐电路201关闭天线组件包括的寄生辐射枝节103的低频谐振，控制第二调谐电路202调整天线包括的辐射枝节102的第二低频谐振点，根据第二低频谐振点使天线组件切换到第二工作状态对应的低频频段；其中，第一低频谐振频点至少高于第二低频谐振频点预设频点阈值如200兆赫兹(MHz)、300MHz等，即第一低频谐振值与第二低频谐振值的差值大于预设频点阈值如200MHz、300MHz等。
在一张示例性实例中，控制第一调谐电路201关闭天线组件包括的寄生辐射枝节的低频谐振，可以包括：
第一调谐电路201切换至阻抗元件短路的阻抗可调电路；或者，
第一调谐电路201切换至电感值小于预设电感值的阻抗可调电路。
在一种示例性实例中，空间场景信息可以通过检测获取，比如：通过预先布设的压电传感器来检测电子设备的受压情况，再如：通过预先布设的距离传感器来检测电子设备是否靠近头部等。在一种实施例中，可以通过如压力传感器检测竖屏手握、横屏手握、自由手握电子设备等空间场景信息，这种场景下，用户自由正常使用电子设备即自由模式，空间场景信息对应的天线组件的工作状态为第一工作状态。在另一种实施例中，可以通过如距离传感器检测头部靠近电子设备等空间场景信息，这种场景下，用户可能会使用电子设备进行通话或者将耳朵贴近扬声器听语音信息等，这时需要对用户进行保护即保护模式，空间场景信息对应的天线组件的工作状态为第二工作状态，或者也可以直接采集电子设备如手机的运行方式来获知手机是否处于通话状态。
空间场景信息的检测方式并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，这里强调的是，本申请实施例提供的天线装置，实现了根据不同的空间场景对应多种工作状态，并根据不同工作状态对应的工作频段来切换天线的辐射频段，以覆盖各种应用场景，比如：人头智能切、降低SAR智能切、手握智能切等等。从而保证在不同的空间场景下，天线可以在具有高质量信号的多个低频频段间切换工作，天线的工作频段覆盖低频频段，提升电子设备的用户体验。
图7为本申请实施例中一种天线组件中第一调谐电路、第二调谐电路的实施例的组成结构示意图，如图7所示，本实施例中，连接于接地点104与寄生辐射枝节103的第一连接点1031之间的第一调谐电路202采用图3所示的电路结构，连接于馈源102与辐射枝节101的第二连接点1011之间、通过馈源102接地的第二调谐电路202采用图4所示的电路结构。
以图7所示天线为例，在一种示例性实例中，当空间场景信息对应第一工作状态时，控制器会根据第一工作状态对应的低频频段，控制第一调谐电路201调整其阻抗值以调整寄生辐射枝节103的第一低频谐振点，控制第二 调谐电路202调整辐射枝节101的第二低频谐振点，而且第一低频谐振点高于第二低频谐振点，根据叠加后的第一低频谐振点和第二低频谐振点让天线的工作频段为第一工作状态对应的低频频段，从而完成将天线组件切换到与第一工作状态对应的空间场景适用的低频频段。图8为本申请实施例中天线一个频率响应实施例的示意图，横坐标表示频率(单位GHz)，纵坐标表示回波损耗特性(单位为dB)，本实施例中，寄生辐射枝节103的谐振点为图8中的寄生辐射枝节的第一低频谐振点，辐射枝节101的谐振点为图8中的辐射枝节的第二低频谐振点，而且，第一低频谐振点高于第二低频谐振点。如图8所示，当第一调谐电路201调整到合适的阻抗值和第二调谐电路202调整到合适的阻抗值，会得到合适的第一低频谐振点和第二低频谐振点，以使得天线切换到对应第一工作状态的低频频段工作，保证了天线的工作状态随着电子设备的空间场景发生变化而进行切换。如图9所示，在第一工作状态下，天线切换到对应第一工作状态的低频频段工作，根据特征模理论，会在PCB地板上激励起纵向电流，这样，保证了电子设备如手机在自由正常使用等空间场景下，具有好的信号，获得了很好的自由性能。
对于空间场景信息对应第一工作状态的情况，通过调整第一调谐电路201的阻抗值和第二调谐电路202的阻抗值，改变了天线的低频谐振点，使得天线的工作频段覆盖低频频段，并可以在多个低频频段间切换工作；而且，利用寄生辐射枝节特征模式的辐射能力，改善了信号强度，提升了天线性能，进而提升了电子设备的用户体验。
仍以图7所示天线为例，在一种示例性实例中，当空间场景信息对应第二工作状态时，控制器会根据第二工作状态对应的低频频段，控制第一调谐电路201关闭寄生辐射枝节103的低频谐振，控制第二调谐电路202调整辐射枝节101的第二低频谐振点，而且第一低频谐振点与第二低频谐振点的差值大于200MHz，根据第二低频谐振点让天线的工作频段为第二工作状态对应的低频频段，从而完成将天线组件切换到与第二工作状态对应的空间场景适用的低频频段。当第二调谐电路202调整到合适的阻抗值，会得到合适的第二低频谐振点，以使得天线组件切换到对应第二工作状态的低频频段工作，保证了天线的工作状态随着电子设备的空间场景发生变化而进行切换。
在一种示例性实例中，在空间场景信息对应第二工作状态的情况下，控制第一调谐电路201关闭天线的寄生辐射枝节103的低频谐振可以理解为：第一调谐电路201切换至阻抗元件短路的阻抗可调电路，比如：如图3所示，通过开关K1选择导通阻抗可调电路S24，寄生辐射枝节103直接接地；或者，第一调谐电路201切换至电感值小于预设电感值的阻抗可调电路，只要辐射枝节101对寄生辐射枝节馈电引起的耦合量很小，此时可以忽略寄生辐射枝节的低频谐振，也等效于关闭寄生辐射枝节103的低频谐振。如图10所示，在第二工作状态下，天线切换到对应第二工作状态的低频频段工作，根据特征模理论，会在PCB地板上激励起横向电流，这样，保证了电子设备如智能手机进行通话或者将耳朵贴近扬声器听语音信息等空间场景下，能够有效降低SAR，从而减少电子设备的人体辐射量，进而提升天线所在电子设备的用户体验。
对于空间场景信息对应第二工作状态的情况，通过调整第二调谐电路202的阻抗值，根据需求实现了天线在多个低频频段间的自由切换；而且，根据特征模理论，低频会在电子设备的PCB地板上更多激励起横向电流，有效降低了SAR，减少了电子设备的人体辐射量，进而提升了天线所在电子设备的用户体验。
本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备，包括本体，以及设置在本体上的上述任一项所述的天线装置。
在一种示例性实例中，天线装置包括的辐射枝节和寄生辐射枝节可以设置在电子设备的任意边框上，或者也可以设置在任意相邻边框上。
在一种示例性实例中，天线装置包括的辐射枝节和寄生辐射枝节可以是电子设备的金属边框枝节，或者也可以是柔性电路板(FPC)走线。
在一种实施例中，电子设备是智能手机，该智能手机覆盖各种应用场景，基于本申请实施例提供的天线和天线装置，通过控制天线在多个低频频段间切换，实现了根据不同的空间场景相应的工作状态对应的工作频段在多个低频频段间自由切换，实现了如人头智能切(如通话场景等)、降低SAR智能切(如通话场景等)、手握智能切(如打游戏、阅读等)等智能切换，提升了智能手机的用户体验。
虽然本申请所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本申请而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本申请。任何本申请所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本申请所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本申请的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种天线组件，其特征在于，包括：馈源、辐射枝节、寄生辐射枝节、第一调谐电路、第二调谐电路；其中，
    所述寄生辐射枝节包括第一接地端和第一耦合端，所述辐射枝节包括第二接地端和第二耦合端；所述寄生辐射枝节与所述辐射枝节之间通过所述第一耦合端和所述第二耦合端之间的间隙耦合；
    在所述第一接地端和所述第一耦合端之间，所述第一调谐电路的一端与所述寄生辐射枝节电连接，另一端接地；所述第一调谐电路用于调整所述寄生辐射枝节的第一低频谐振点；
    在所述第二接地端和所述第二耦合端之间，所述第二调谐电路的一端与所述辐射枝节电连接，另一端与所述馈源电连接；所述第二调谐电路用于调整辐射枝节的第二低频谐振点；
    其中，所述第一低频谐振点高于所述第二低频谐振点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线组件，还包括：第三调谐电路；
    所述第三调谐电路的一端与所述第二调谐电路的任意一端电连接，另一端接地；所述第三调谐电路用于配合所述第二调谐电路调整所述第二低频谐振点。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的天线组件，其中，所述第一低频谐振频点与所述第二低频谐振频点的差值大于预设频点阈值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线组件，其中，所述频点阈值至少为200MHz。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的天线组件，其中，所述第二调谐电路的一端与所述辐射枝节连接的连接点，与所述第二接地端间的距离大于预设值。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的天线组件，其中，所述第一调谐电路、所述第二调谐电路和所述第三调谐电路均包括以下之一或任意组合：可调电容、可调电感器或滑动变阻器。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的天线组件，其中，所述第一调谐电路、所述第二调谐电路和所述第三调谐电路均包括多个并联设置的阻抗可调电路；
    阻抗可调电路包括：
    阻抗元件，包括电容元件、电感元件或电阻元件；
    开关元件，与阻抗元件串联设置；
    其中一条阻抗可调电路的阻抗元件短路。
  8. 一种天线装置，其特征在于，包括：控制器，以及权利要求1～7任一项所述的天线组件；其中，
    所述控制器，用于根据所述天线装置所在电子设备的空间场景信息对应的天线组件的工作状态，控制所述天线组件包括的第一调谐电路和第二调谐电路的调整，以使所述天线组件随工作状态在不同低频频段间切换。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的天线装置，其中，所述工作状态包括至少两种工作状态；所述控制器中的控制所述天线组件包括的第一调谐电路和第二调谐电路的调整，包括：
    对于所述空间场景信息对应的每一工作状态，所述控制器控制所述第一调谐电路调整其阻抗值以调整所述天线包括的寄生辐射枝节的第一低频谐振点，控制所述第二调谐电路调整其阻抗值以调整所述天线组件包括的辐射枝节的第二低频谐振点，根据第一低频谐振点和第二低频谐振点使所述天线组件支持该工作状态对应的低频频段。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的天线装置，其中，所述空间场景信息对应第一工作状态；
    所述控制器控制所述天线组件支持第一工作状态对应的低频频段，使得所述天线装置所属电子设备的PCB地板上激励起纵向电流。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的天线装置，其中，所述控制器中的控制所述天线包括的第一调谐电路和第二调谐电路的调整，包括：
    控制所述第一调谐电路调整其阻抗值以调整所述第一低频谐振点，控制所述第二调谐电路调整所述第二低频谐振点，叠加所述第一低频谐振点和所述第二低频谐振点获得所述天线组件的低频谐振点，使得所述天线组件切换到第一工作状态对应的低频频段。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的天线装置，其中，所述第一工作状态为自由 模式。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的天线装置，其中，所述空间场景信息对应第二工作状态；
    所述控制器控制所述天线组件支持第二工作状态对应的低频频段，使得所述天线装置所属电子设备的PCB地板上激励起横向电流。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的天线装置，其中，所述控制器中的控制所述天线包括的第一调谐电路和第二调谐电路的调整，包括：
    所述控制器控制所述第一调谐电路关闭所述寄生辐射枝节的低频谐振，控制所述第二调谐电路调整所述辐射枝节的第二低频谐振点，根据第二低频谐振点使所述天线组件工作在对应第二工作状态的低频频段；
    所述第一低频谐振点与所述第二低频谐振点的差值大于预设频点阈值。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的天线装置，其中，所述第二工作状态为保护模式。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的天线装置，其中，所述控制所述第一调谐电路关闭所述天线包括的寄生辐射枝节的低频谐振为：
    所述第一调谐电路切换至阻抗元件短路的阻抗可调电路；或者，
    所述第一调谐电路切换至电感值小于预设电感值的阻抗可调电路。
  17. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括本体，以及设置在本体上的天线装置；其中，天线装置包括天线组件和控制器；
    天线组件包括：馈源、辐射枝节、寄生辐射枝节、第一调谐电路、第二调谐电路；其中，
    所述寄生辐射枝节包括第一接地端和第一耦合端，所述辐射枝节包括第二接地端和第二耦合端；所述寄生辐射枝节与所述辐射枝节之间通过第一耦合端和第二耦合端之间的间隙耦合；
    在所述第一接地端和所述第一耦合端之间，所述第一调谐电路的一端与所述寄生辐射枝节电连接，另一端接地；所述第一调谐电路用于调整寄生辐射枝节的第一低频谐振点；
    在所述第二接地端和所述第二耦合端之间，所述第二调谐电路的一端与所述辐射枝节电连接，另一端与馈源电连接；所述第二调谐电路用于调整辐射枝节的第二低频谐振点；
    其中，所述第一低频谐振点高于所述第二低频谐振点；
    控制器，用于根据所述电子设备的空间场景信息对应的天线组件的工作状态，控制所述天线组件包括的第一调谐电路和第二调谐电路的调整，以使所述天线组件随工作状态在不同低频频段间切换。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电子设备，其中，所述辐射枝节和所述寄生辐射枝节设置在所述电子设备的任意边框上，或者任意相邻边框上。
  19. 根据劝你要求17或18所述的电子设备，其中，所述辐射枝节和所述寄生辐射枝节为电子设备的金属边框，或者为柔性电路板。
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