WO2023068021A1 - Système d'affichage vidéo flottante aérienne - Google Patents

Système d'affichage vidéo flottante aérienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023068021A1
WO2023068021A1 PCT/JP2022/036843 JP2022036843W WO2023068021A1 WO 2023068021 A1 WO2023068021 A1 WO 2023068021A1 JP 2022036843 W JP2022036843 W JP 2022036843W WO 2023068021 A1 WO2023068021 A1 WO 2023068021A1
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Prior art keywords
image
display
floating
light
layer
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PCT/JP2022/036843
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
克行 渡辺
拓也 清水
浩二 平田
浩司 藤田
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マクセル株式会社
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Publication of WO2023068021A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023068021A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/56—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels by projecting aerial or floating images
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0346—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/388—Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a floating image display system.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a detection system that reduces erroneous detection of operations on an operation surface of a displayed aerial image.
  • a floating-in-air image display system is arranged to face a display device as an image source and the display device in the first direction, where the direction of the optical axis of image light from the display device is the first direction. and a polarized light separator obliquely arranged between the display device and the retroreflective member so that the direction of the optical axis of the reflected light is reflected in a second direction different from the first direction.
  • the image light retroreflected by the retroreflecting member is reflected in the second direction by the polarization separation member, and the floating image is displayed at a predetermined position based on the reflected image light, and the display is performed.
  • the device has a plurality of display layers arranged at a plurality of positions in the first direction, a plurality of image sources arranged in the plurality of display layers, and a plurality of image sources arranged in the plurality of display layers, each display layer in the plurality of display layers. has one or more image sources fixed at predetermined positions, and the floating image is a plurality of floating images arranged at a plurality of positions in the second direction corresponding to the plurality of display layers. It consists of floating image layers.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a usage pattern of a spatially floating image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of a principal part structure and a retroreflection part structure of the space floating image display apparatus which concerns on one Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the installation method of a space floating image display apparatus.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of the installation method of the spatially floating image display device; It is a figure which shows the structural example of a spatial floating image display apparatus.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of the main configuration of the spatially floating image display device according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining functions of a sensing device used in the spatially floating image display device;
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a measurement system for evaluating the characteristics of a reflective polarizing plate;
  • FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the transmittance characteristic of the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing plate with respect to the light incident angle;
  • FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing transmittance characteristics of a reflection axis of a reflective polarizing plate with respect to a light incident angle;
  • FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the transmittance characteristic of the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing plate with respect to the light incident angle.
  • FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing transmittance characteristics of a reflection axis of a reflective polarizing plate with respect to a light incident angle; It is a sectional view showing an example of concrete composition of a light source device. It is a sectional view showing an example of concrete composition of a light source device. It is a sectional view showing an example of concrete composition of a light source device. 1 is a layout diagram showing a main part of a spatial floating image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining light source diffusion characteristics of an image display device; FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining diffusion characteristics of an image display device; 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a floating-in-air image display system according to Example 1; FIG. 1 is a diagram showing main components of a floating-in-air image display device according to Example 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the image source according to Example 1 when viewed from above. 1 is a perspective view of an image source according to Example 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frame of a video source according to Example 1 when viewed from above; FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a floating-in-air image according to Example 1 when viewed from above; 4 is a perspective view of a floating image according to the first embodiment; FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another display example of the image floating in air according to the first embodiment; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another display example of the image floating in air according to the first embodiment; 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a video processing circuit according to Example 1; FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a frame and wiring according to Example 1; FIG. 10 is a perspective view related to arrangement conditions of the display panel according to the first embodiment; FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a frame of a video source according to Modification 3 of Embodiment 1 when viewed from above.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a video source according to Modification 4 of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an image source and a floating image according to Modification 5 of Example 1;
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view showing main constituent elements according to modification 6 of embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a floating-in-air image display system according to Example 2; .
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an image source according to Example 2; .
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a floating image in a plan view according to the second embodiment;
  • an image by image light from an image light source can be transmitted through a transparent member such as glass that partitions a space, and can be displayed as a spatially floating image outside the transparent member. It relates to a video display device.
  • a suitable image display device can be realized for ATMs in banks, ticket vending machines in stations, digital signage, and the like.
  • touch panels are usually used in bank ATMs and station ticket vending machines. It is possible to display high-resolution video information in a state of floating in space. At this time, by making the divergence angle of the emitted image light small, that is, by making it acute, and by aligning it with a specific polarized wave, only regular reflected light is efficiently reflected by the retroreflection plate, so that the light utilization efficiency is improved.
  • the device including the light source of this embodiment can provide a novel and highly usable spatial floating image display device (space floating image display system) capable of significantly reducing power consumption. Further, for example, it is possible to provide a spatially floating image display device for a vehicle capable of displaying a so-called unidirectional spatially floating image that is visible inside and/or outside the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of usage of a spatially floating image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the spatially floating image display device according to this embodiment. A specific configuration of the spatially floating image display device will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
  • the light is retroreflected and transmitted through a transparent member 100 (glass or the like) to form an aerial image (space floating image 3), which is a real image, outside the glass surface.
  • a space is partitioned by a show window (also called “window glass”) 105, which is a translucent member such as glass.
  • a show window also called “window glass”
  • FIG. 1(A) the inside of the window glass 105 (inside the store) is shown in the depth direction, and the outside thereof (for example, the sidewalk) is in front.
  • the window glass 105 by providing means for reflecting the specific polarized wave on the window glass 105, it is possible to reflect the specific polarized wave and form an aerial image at a desired position in the store.
  • FIG. 1(B) is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the video display device 1 described above.
  • the video display device 1 includes a video display unit that displays an original image of an aerial image, a video control unit that converts the input video in accordance with the resolution of the panel, and a video signal reception unit that receives video signals.
  • the video signal receiving unit supports wired input signals such as HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) input, and wireless input signals such as Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity). It also functions independently, and can also display video information from tablets, smartphones, etc. Furthermore, if a stick PC or the like is connected, it is possible to give it the ability to perform calculation processing and video analysis processing.
  • HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface
  • Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the main part and the configuration of the retroreflective part of the spatially floating image display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the configuration of the spatially floating image display device will be described more specifically with reference to FIG.
  • a display device 1 for diverging image light of a specific polarized wave at a narrow angle is provided in an oblique direction of a transparent member 100 such as glass.
  • the display device 1 includes a liquid crystal display panel 11 and a light source device 13 that generates specific polarized light having narrow-angle diffusion characteristics.
  • the image light of the specific polarized wave from the display device 1 is transferred to a polarization separation member 101 (in the drawing, the polarization separation member 101 is formed in a sheet form) provided on the transparent member 100 and has a film that selectively reflects the image light of the specific polarized wave. and is adhered to the transparent member 100 ), and is incident on the retroreflection plate 2 .
  • a ⁇ /4 plate 21 is provided on the image light incident surface of the retroreflection plate. The image light is passed through the ⁇ /4 plate 21 twice, when it enters the retroreflection plate and when it exits, so that the specific polarized wave is polarization-converted into the other polarized wave.
  • the polarization separating member 101 that selectively reflects the image light of the specific polarized wave has the property of transmitting the other polarized light that has undergone polarization conversion, the image light of the specific polarized wave after the polarization conversion is It is transmitted through the polarization separation member 101 .
  • the image light transmitted through the polarization separation member 101 forms a space floating image 3 which is a real image outside the transparent member 100 .
  • the light that forms the spatially floating image 3 is a set of light rays converging from the retroreflection plate 2 to the optical image of the spatially floating image 3, and these rays travel straight even after passing through the optical image of the spatially floating image 3. . Therefore, the spatially floating image 3 is an image having high directivity, unlike diffuse image light formed on a screen by a general projector or the like. Therefore, in the configuration of FIG. 2, when the user views from the direction of the arrow A, the spatial floating image 3 is viewed as a bright image. However, when another person visually recognizes from the direction of the arrow B, the spatial floating image 3 cannot be visually recognized as an image at all. This characteristic is very suitable for use in a system that displays a video that requires high security or a highly confidential video that should be kept secret from a person facing the user.
  • the polarization axes of the reflected image light may become uneven.
  • part of the image light whose polarization axes are not aligned is reflected by the polarization separation member 101 described above and returns to the display device 1 .
  • This light may be re-reflected on the image display surface of the liquid crystal display panel 11 constituting the display device 1 to generate a ghost image and degrade the image quality of the spatially floating image. Therefore, in this embodiment, an absorptive polarizing plate 12 is provided on the image display surface of the display device 1 .
  • the image light emitted from the display device 1 is transmitted through the absorptive polarizing plate 12, and the reflected light returning from the polarization separating member 101 is absorbed by the absorptive polarizing plate 12, thereby suppressing the re-reflection. As a result, it is possible to prevent deterioration in image quality due to ghost images of spatially floating images.
  • the polarization separation member 101 described above may be formed of, for example, a reflective polarizing plate or a metal multilayer film that reflects a specific polarized wave.
  • FIG. 2(B) shows the surface shape of the retroreflector manufactured by Nippon Carbide Industry Co., Ltd. used in this study as a typical retroreflector 2 .
  • Light rays incident on the inside of the regularly arranged hexagonal prisms are reflected by the wall surface and bottom surface of the hexagonal prisms and emitted as retroreflected light in the direction corresponding to the incident light.
  • Display a certain spatial floating image The resolution of this spatially floating image largely depends on the resolution of the liquid crystal display panel 11 as well as the outer shape D and the pitch P of the retroreflecting portion of the retroreflecting plate 2 shown in FIG. 2(B).
  • the diameter D of the retroreflective portion is 240 ⁇ m and the pitch is 300 ⁇ m.
  • one pixel of the spatial floating image corresponds to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the effective resolution of the spatially floating image is reduced to about 1/3. Therefore, in order to make the resolution of the spatially floating image equal to the resolution of the display device 1, it is desired that the diameter and pitch of the retroreflecting portions be close to one pixel of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the shape of the retroreflective portion is arranged so that no one side of the retroreflective portion overlaps any one side of one pixel of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the surface shape of the retroreflection plate according to this embodiment is not limited to the above example. It may have various surface geometries that achieve retroreflection. Specifically, retroreflective elements in which triangular pyramidal prisms, hexagonal pyramidal prisms, other polygonal prisms, or combinations thereof are periodically arranged may be provided on the surface of the retroreflective plate of the present embodiment. Alternatively, a retroreflecting element in which these prisms are arranged periodically to form a cube corner may be provided on the surface of the retroreflecting plate of the present embodiment. Alternatively, capsule lens type retroreflective elements in which glass beads are periodically arranged may be provided on the surface of the retroreflective plate of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram showing an example of a method of installing a spatially floating image display device.
  • the spatially floating image display device shown in FIG. 3A is installed horizontally so that the surface on which the spatially floating image 3 is formed faces upward. That is, in FIG. 3A, the spatial floating image display device is installed such that the transparent member 100 faces upward, and the spatial floating image 3 is formed above the spatial floating image display device.
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram showing another example of how to install the spatial floating image display device.
  • the spatially floating image display device shown in FIG. 3B is installed vertically so that the surface on which the spatially floating image 3 is formed faces the side (toward the user 230). That is, in FIG. 3B, the spatially floating image display device is installed so that the transparent member 100 faces sideways, and the spatially floating image 3 is formed laterally of the spatially floating image display device (in the direction of the user 230). be.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the spatial floating image display device 1000. As shown in FIG.
  • the spatial floating image display device 1000 includes a retroreflection unit 1101, an image display unit 1102, a light guide 1104, a light source 1105, a power supply 1106, an operation input unit 1107, a nonvolatile memory 1108, a memory 1109, a control unit 1110, and an image signal input unit. 1131, an audio signal input unit 1133, a communication unit 1132, an air operation detection sensor 1351, an air operation detection unit 1350, an audio output unit 1140, a video control unit 1160, a storage unit 1170, an imaging unit 1180, and the like.
  • Each component of the spatial floating image display device 1000 is arranged in a housing 1190 .
  • the imaging unit 1180 and the mid-air operation detection sensor 1351 shown in FIG. 4 may be provided outside the housing 1190 .
  • the retroreflective portion 1101 in FIG. 4 corresponds to the retroreflective plate 2 in FIG.
  • the retroreflection section 1101 retroreflects the light modulated by the image display section 1102 .
  • the spatially floating image 3 is formed by the light output from the spatially floating image display device 1000 out of the reflected light from the retroreflector 1101 .
  • the image display unit 1102 in FIG. 4 corresponds to the liquid crystal display panel 11 in FIG.
  • a light source 1105 in FIG. 4 corresponds to the light source device 13 in FIG. 4 correspond to the display device 1 in FIG.
  • the image display unit 1102 is a display unit that modulates transmitted light and generates an image based on a video signal that is input under the control of the image control unit 1160, which will be described later.
  • a video display unit 1102 corresponds to the liquid crystal display panel 11 in FIG.
  • a transmissive liquid crystal panel is used as the image display unit 1102 .
  • the image display unit 1102 for example, a reflective liquid crystal panel or a DMD (Digital Micromirror Device: registered trademark) panel that modulates reflected light may be used.
  • a light source 1105 generates light for the image display unit 1102, and is a solid-state light source such as an LED light source or a laser light source.
  • the power supply 1106 converts AC current input from the outside into DC current to power the light source 1105 .
  • the power supply 1106 supplies necessary DC current to each part in the spatially floating image display device 1000 .
  • the light guide 1104 guides the light generated by the light source 1105 to illuminate the image display section 1102 .
  • a combination of the light guide 1104 and the light source 1105 can also be called a backlight of the image display section 1102 .
  • Various methods are conceivable for the combination of the light guide 1104 and the light source 1105 .
  • a specific configuration example of the combination of the light guide 1104 and the light source 1105 will be described later in detail.
  • the mid-air operation detection sensor 1351 is a sensor that detects the operation of the floating image 3 by the user's 230 finger.
  • the mid-air operation detection sensor 1351 senses a range that overlaps with the entire display range of the floating image 3, for example. Note that the mid-air operation detection sensor 1351 may sense only a range that overlaps with at least a part of the display range of the floating image 3 .
  • the aerial operation detection sensor 1351 include distance sensors that use invisible light such as infrared rays, invisible light lasers, and ultrasonic waves. Also, the aerial operation detection sensor 1351 may be configured to detect coordinates on a two-dimensional plane by combining a plurality of sensors. In addition, the aerial operation detection sensor 1351 may be composed of a ToF (Time of Flight) type LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) or an image sensor.
  • ToF Time of Flight
  • LiDAR Light Detection and Ranging
  • the mid-air operation detection sensor 1351 only needs to be able to perform sensing for detecting a touch operation or the like on an object displayed as the floating image 3 by the user's finger. Such sensing can be performed using existing technology.
  • the mid-air operation detection unit 1350 acquires a sensing signal from the mid-air operation detection sensor 1351, and based on the sensing signal, determines whether or not the finger of the user 230 touches the object in the floating image 3, and whether the finger of the user 230 touches the object. Calculation of the contact position (contact position) is performed.
  • the aerial operation detection unit 1350 is configured by a circuit such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), for example. Also, part of the functions of the aerial operation detection unit 1350 may be realized by software, for example, by a spatial operation detection program executed by the control unit 1110 .
  • the aerial operation detection sensor 1351 and the aerial operation detection unit 1350 may be built in the floating image display device 1000 or may be provided outside the floating image display device 1000 separately. When provided separately from the spatially floating image display device 1000, the aerial operation detection sensor 1351 and the aerial operation detection unit 1350 transmit information and information to the spatially floating image display device 1000 via a wired or wireless communication connection path or a video signal transmission path. configured to transmit a signal;
  • the aerial operation detection sensor 1351 and the aerial operation detection unit 1350 may be provided separately. As a result, it is possible to construct a system in which only the aerial operation detection function can be added as an option, using the space floating image display device 1000 without the aerial operation detection function as a main body. Alternatively, only the aerial operation detection sensor 1351 may be provided separately, and the aerial operation detection unit 1350 may be incorporated in the floating image display device 1000 . When it is desired to arrange the air operation detection sensor 1351 more freely with respect to the installation position of the floating image display device 1000, there is an advantage in the configuration in which only the air operation detection sensor 1351 is provided separately.
  • the imaging unit 1180 is a camera having an image sensor, and images the space near the floating image 3 and/or the face, arms, fingers, etc. of the user 230 .
  • a plurality of imaging units 1180 may be provided.
  • the imaging unit 1180 may be provided separately from the spatial floating image display device 1000 .
  • the imaging unit 1180 may be configured such that an imaging signal can be transmitted to the spatially floating image display device 1000 via a wired or wireless communication connection path.
  • the aerial operation detection sensor 1351 is configured as an object intrusion sensor that targets a plane (intrusion detection plane) including the display surface of the floating image 3 and detects whether or not an object has entered the intrusion detection plane. In this case, information such as how far away an object (e.g., a user's finger) that has not entered the intrusion detection plane is from the intrusion detection plane, or how close the object is to the intrusion detection plane, is detected by the mid-air operation detection sensor. 1351 may not be detected.
  • a plane intrusion detection plane
  • information such as how far away an object (e.g., a user's finger) that has not entered the intrusion detection plane is from the intrusion detection plane, or how close the object is to the intrusion detection plane, is detected by the mid-air operation detection sensor. 1351 may not be detected.
  • the distance between the object and the intrusion detection plane can be calculated by using information such as object depth calculation information based on images captured by a plurality of imaging units 1180 and object depth information obtained by a depth sensor. . These information and various information such as the distance between the object and the intrusion detection plane are used for various display controls for the floating image 3 .
  • the air operation detection unit 1350 may detect the touch operation of the floating image 3 by the user 230 based on the image captured by the imaging unit 1180.
  • the image capturing unit 1180 may capture an image of the face of the user 230 who operates the floating image 3, and the control unit 1110 may perform user 230 identification processing.
  • the imaging unit 1180 A range including the user 230 operating the spatial floating image 3 and the surrounding area of the user 230 may be imaged.
  • the operation input unit 1107 is, for example, an operation button or a light-receiving unit of a remote controller, and inputs a signal for an operation other than an aerial operation (touch operation) by the user 230 .
  • the operation input unit 1107 may be used, for example, by an administrator to operate the spatially floating image display device 1000.
  • the video signal input unit 1131 connects an external video output device and inputs video data.
  • the audio signal input unit 1133 connects an external audio output device to input audio data.
  • the audio output unit 1140 can output audio based on audio data input to the audio signal input unit 1133 . Also, the audio output unit 1140 may output a built-in operation sound or an error warning sound.
  • the non-volatile memory 1108 stores various data used in the spatial floating image display device 1000 .
  • the data stored in the non-volatile memory 1108 includes, for example, data for various operations to be displayed on the floating image 3, display icons, data of objects to be operated by the user, layout information, and the like.
  • the memory 1109 stores image data to be displayed as the spatial floating image 3, control data for the device, and the like.
  • the control unit 1110 controls the operation of each connected unit. Further, the control unit 1110 may cooperate with a program stored in the memory 1109 to perform arithmetic processing based on information acquired from each unit in the floating image display device 1000 .
  • the communication unit 1132 communicates with an external device, an external server, or the like via a wired or wireless interface. Various data such as video data, image data, and audio data are transmitted and received through communication via the communication unit 1132 .
  • the storage unit 1170 is a storage device that records various types of data & information such as video data, image data, and audio data. For example, various types of information such as video data, image data, audio data, etc. may be recorded in the storage unit 1170 in advance at the time of product shipment. Also, the storage unit 1170 may record various types of information such as various data such as video data, image data, and audio data acquired from an external device, an external server, or the like via the communication unit 1132 .
  • the video data, image data, etc., recorded in the storage unit 1170 are output as the space-floating video 3 via the video display unit 1102 and the retroreflection plate 1101 .
  • the storage unit 1170 also records layout information such as display icons and objects displayed as the spatial floating image 3, and various metadata information related to the objects.
  • the audio data recorded in the storage unit 1170 is output as audio from the audio output unit 1140, for example.
  • a video control unit 1160 performs various controls related to video signals input to the video display unit 1102 .
  • the video control unit 1160 controls, for example, the video signal to be stored in the memory 1109 and the video signal (video data) input to the video signal input unit 1131 , which video signal is to be input to the video display unit 1102 . Controls switching, etc.
  • the video control unit 1160 generates a superimposed video signal by superimposing the video signal to be stored in the memory 1109 and the video signal input from the video signal input unit 1131, and inputs the superimposed video signal to the video display unit 1102.
  • control may be performed to form the synthesized image as the spatially floating image 3 .
  • the video control unit 1160 may perform image processing control on the video signal input from the video signal input unit 1131 and the video signal to be stored in the memory 1109 .
  • image processing include scaling processing for enlarging, reducing, and transforming an image, brightness adjustment processing for changing brightness, contrast adjustment processing for changing the contrast curve of an image, and decomposition of an image into light components for each component.
  • Retinex processing that changes the weighting of .
  • the image control unit 1160 may perform special effect image processing, etc. for assisting the user 230's aerial operation (touch operation) on the image signal input to the image display unit 1102 .
  • the special effect video processing is performed based on, for example, the detection result of the touch operation of the user 230 by the aerial operation detection unit 1350 and the captured image of the user 230 by the imaging unit 1180 .
  • the spatial floating image display device 1000 is equipped with various functions. However, the spatially floating image display device 1000 does not need to have all of these functions, and may have any configuration as long as it has the function of forming the spatially floating image 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the main configuration of the spatial floating image display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device 1 includes a liquid crystal display panel 11 and a light source device 13 that generates specific polarized light having diffusion characteristics with a narrow angle. For example, it is composed of a small liquid crystal display panel with a screen size of about 5 inches to a large liquid crystal display panel with a screen size exceeding 80 inches.
  • the folding mirror 22 uses a transparent member 100 as a substrate.
  • a polarization separating member 101 such as a reflective polarizing plate for selectively reflecting image light of a specific polarized wave is provided, and the image light from the liquid crystal display panel 11 is reflected. It reflects toward the reflector 2 .
  • the folding mirror 22 has a function as a mirror. Image light of a specific polarized wave from the display device 1 is reflected by a polarization separation member 101 (in the drawing, a sheet-like polarization separation member 101 is adhered) provided on a transparent member 100 , and is incident on the retroreflection plate 2 .
  • An optical film having a polarization separation characteristic may be vapor-deposited on the surface of the transparent member 100 instead of the polarization separation member 101 .
  • a ⁇ /4 plate 21 is provided on the light incident surface of the retroreflector, and the image light is passed through twice to convert the polarization of the specific polarized wave into the other polarized wave with a phase difference of 90°.
  • the retroreflected image light is transmitted through the polarization separation member 101 and the space floating image 3 as a real image is displayed outside the transparent member 100 .
  • the polarization axes become uneven due to the retroreflection in the polarization separating member 101 described above, part of the image light is reflected and returns to the display device 1 . This light is reflected again by the image display surface of the liquid crystal display panel 11 that constitutes the display device 1, generating a ghost image and significantly deteriorating the image quality of the spatially floating image.
  • the absorptive polarizing plate 12 may be provided on the image display surface of the display device 1 .
  • Image light emitted from the display device 1 is transmitted, and reflected light from the polarization separation member 101 is absorbed, thereby preventing deterioration in image quality due to ghost images of spatially floating images.
  • a sensor 44 having a TOF (Time of Fly) function is installed so as to sense the relationship between the distance and the position between the object and the sensor 44 with respect to the space floating image obtained by the space floating image display device described above. 6, it is possible to detect not only the coordinates in the planar direction of the object but also the coordinates in the depth direction and the direction and speed of movement of the object.
  • a plurality of combinations of infrared light emitting units and light receiving units are arranged in a straight line, the light from the light emitting points is irradiated onto the object, and the reflected light is received by the light receiving unit.
  • the product of the difference between the light emission time and the light reception time and the speed of light makes the distance to the object clear. Further, the coordinates on the plane can be read from the coordinates at the portion where the difference between the light emission time and the light reception time is the smallest among a plurality of light emitting units and light receiving units. As described above, it is also possible to obtain three-dimensional coordinate information by combining the coordinates of an object on a plane (two-dimensional) with a plurality of the sensors described above.
  • the polarization separation member 101 is used to improve the contrast performance, which determines the image quality of the image, compared to a general half mirror. Characteristics of a reflective polarizing plate will be described as an example of the polarization separation member 101 of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a measurement system for evaluating the characteristics of the reflective polarizing plate. 8 and 9 show, as V-AOI, the transmission characteristics and reflection characteristics of the reflective polarizing plate of FIG. Similarly, the transmission characteristics and reflection characteristics of the reflective polarizing plate with respect to the incident angle of light from the horizontal direction with respect to the polarization axis are shown as H-AOI in FIGS. 10 and 11, respectively.
  • the grid-structured reflective polarizing plate has poor characteristics for light from the direction perpendicular to the polarization axis. For this reason, specifications along the polarization axis are desirable, and the light source of this embodiment, which can emit the image light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel at a narrow angle, is an ideal light source. In addition, the characteristics in the horizontal direction are similarly degraded with respect to oblique light. Considering the above characteristics, a configuration example of this embodiment will be described below, in which a light source capable of emitting image light from the liquid crystal display panel at a narrower angle is used as the backlight of the liquid crystal display panel. This makes it possible to provide high-contrast spatial floating images.
  • the display device 1 of this embodiment includes an image display element 11 (liquid crystal display panel) and a light source device 13 constituting a light source thereof. there is
  • This liquid crystal display panel (image display element 11) has a narrow-angle diffusion characteristic from the light source device 13, which is a backlight device, as indicated by an arrow 30 in FIG. Also, it receives an illumination light beam having characteristics similar to those of a laser beam whose plane of polarization is aligned in one direction.
  • the liquid crystal display panel (image display element 11) modulates the received illumination light beam according to the input image signal.
  • the modulated image light is reflected by the retroreflection plate 2, passes through the transparent member 100, and forms a spatially floating image, which is a real image (see FIG. 1). Further, in FIG.
  • a liquid crystal display panel 11 constituting the display device 1 a liquid crystal display panel 11 constituting the display device 1, a light direction conversion panel 54 for controlling the directivity of the light flux emitted from the light source device 13, and, if necessary, a narrow angle diffusion plate (not shown). That is, polarizing plates are provided on both sides of the liquid crystal display panel 11, and image light of a specific polarized wave is emitted after modulating the intensity of the light according to the image signal (see arrow 30 in FIG. 12). . As a result, a desired image is projected toward the retroreflector 2 through the light direction conversion panel 54 as light of a specific polarized wave with high directivity (straightness). A spatially floating image 3 is formed by being transmitted to the observer's eyes outside the (space).
  • a protective cover 50 may be provided on the surface of the light direction conversion panel 54 described above.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of a specific configuration of the display device 1.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 11 and the light direction changing panel 54 are arranged on the light source device 13 of FIG.
  • the light source device 13 is formed of, for example, plastic on the case shown in FIG.
  • each LED element 201 has a shape in which the cross-sectional area gradually increases toward the opposite side of the light receiving part in order to convert the divergent light from each LED element 201 into a substantially parallel light flux.
  • a lens shape is provided that has the effect of gradually decreasing the divergence angle by performing total reflection multiple times while propagating inside.
  • a liquid crystal display panel 11 constituting the display device 1 is attached to the upper surface thereof.
  • An LED (Light Emitting Diode) element 201 which is a semiconductor light source, and an LED substrate 202 on which a control circuit thereof is mounted are attached to one side surface (the left end surface in this example) of the case of the light source device 13 .
  • a heat sink which is a member for cooling the heat generated by the LED elements and the control circuit, may be attached to the outer surface of the LED substrate 202 .
  • liquid crystal display panel 11 attached to the frame (not shown) attached to the upper surface of the case of the light source device 13 is electrically connected to the liquid crystal display panel 11 .
  • a FPC Flexible Printed Circuits
  • the generated image light has a narrow diffusion angle and only a specific polarized wave component, so a new image display device that has not existed in the past, which is similar to a surface emitting laser image source driven by a video signal, can be obtained.
  • a laser beam having the same size as the image obtained by the display device 1 using a laser device it is technically and safely impossible to obtain a laser beam having the same size as the image obtained by the display device 1 using a laser device. Therefore, in this embodiment, for example, light close to the above-described surface emitting laser image light is obtained from a luminous flux from a general light source provided with an LED element.
  • FIG. 13 the configuration of the optical system housed in the case of the light source device 13 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.
  • FIG. 13 the configuration of the optical system housed in the case of the light source device 13 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 are cross-sectional views, only one of the plurality of LED elements 201 constituting the light source is shown, and these are converted into substantially collimated light by the shape of the light receiving end surface 203a of the light guide 203. . For this reason, the light receiving portion on the end face of the light guide and the LED element are attached while maintaining a predetermined positional relationship.
  • Each of the light guides 203 is made of translucent resin such as acryl.
  • the LED light receiving surface at the end of the light guide has, for example, a conical convex outer peripheral surface obtained by rotating the parabolic cross section, and at the top, a convex portion (that is, a convex lens surface ), and in the central portion of the planar portion, a convex lens surface protruding outward (or a concave lens surface recessed inward) is provided (not shown).
  • the outer shape of the light receiving portion of the light guide to which the LED element 201 is attached has a parabolic shape forming a conical outer peripheral surface, and the light emitted from the LED element in the peripheral direction can be totally reflected inside. It is set within the range of possible angles, or a reflective surface is formed.
  • the LED elements 201 are arranged at predetermined positions on the surface of the LED board 202, which is the circuit board.
  • the LED substrate 202 is arranged and fixed to the LED collimator (light-receiving end surface 203a) so that the LED elements 201 on the surface thereof are positioned in the central portions of the recesses described above.
  • the shape of the light receiving end surface 203a of the light guide 203 makes it possible to extract the light emitted from the LED element 201 as substantially parallel light, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the generated light. Become.
  • the light source device 13 is configured by attaching a light source unit in which a plurality of LED elements 201 as light sources are arranged on the light receiving end surface 203a, which is a light receiving portion provided on the end surface of the light guide 203. is converted into substantially parallel light by the lens shape of the light receiving end face 203a of the light guide body end face, and guided inside the light guide body 203 as indicated by the arrow (in the direction parallel to the drawing). , toward the liquid crystal display panel 11 arranged substantially parallel to the light guide 203 (direction perpendicular to the front of the drawing).
  • the light beam direction changing means 204 described above directs the light beam propagated in the light guide 203 substantially parallel to the light guide 203 by providing a portion having a different refractive index, for example, in the shape of the light guide surface or inside the light guide. The light is emitted toward the arranged liquid crystal display panel 11 (in a direction perpendicular to the front of the drawing).
  • the relative brightness ratio of the center of the screen and the peripheral part of the screen is 20% or more for practical use. There is no problem with the above, and if it exceeds 30%, the characteristics are even more excellent.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional layout diagram for explaining the configuration and operation of the light source of this embodiment for polarization conversion in the light source device 13 including the light guide 203 and the LED element 201 described above.
  • the light source device 13 includes, for example, a light guide 203 formed of plastic or the like and provided with a light beam direction changing means 204 on its surface or inside, an LED element 201 as a light source, a reflection sheet 205, a retardation plate 206, It is composed of a lenticular lens or the like, and a liquid crystal display panel 11 having polarizing plates on the light source light entrance surface and the image light exit surface is attached to the upper surface thereof.
  • a film or sheet-like reflective polarizing plate 49 is provided on the light source light incident surface (bottom surface in the drawing) of the liquid crystal display panel 11 corresponding to the light source device 13 .
  • a polarized wave (for example, P wave) 212 on one side is selectively reflected.
  • the reflected light is reflected again by a reflective sheet 205 provided on one surface (lower side in the figure) of the light guide 203 and directed toward the liquid crystal display panel 11 . Therefore, a retardation plate ( ⁇ /4 plate) is provided between the reflective sheet 205 and the light guide 203 or between the light guide 203 and the reflective polarizing plate 49 so that the light is reflected by the reflective sheet 205 and passed through twice.
  • the image light flux (arrow 213 in FIG. 13) whose light intensity is modulated by the image signal on the liquid crystal display panel 11 is incident on the retroreflection plate 2 .
  • a spatially floating image which is a real image, can be obtained after being reflected by the retroreflection plate 2 .
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional layout diagram for explaining the configuration and action of the light source of this embodiment that performs polarization conversion in the light source device 13 including the light guide 203 and the LED element 201, as in FIG.
  • the light source device 13 also includes a light guide 203 formed of plastic or the like and provided with a light beam direction changing means 204 on its surface or inside, an LED element 201 as a light source, a reflection sheet 205, a retardation plate 206, and a lenticular lens.
  • a liquid crystal display panel 11 having polarizing plates on the light source light entrance surface and the image light exit surface is attached as an image display element on the upper surface thereof.
  • a film or sheet-like reflective polarizing plate 49 is provided on the light source light incident surface (lower surface in the drawing) of the liquid crystal display panel 11 corresponding to the light source device 13 to polarize the natural light beam 210 emitted from the LED light source 201 to one side.
  • Waves (eg, S-waves) 211 are selectively reflected. That is, in the example of FIG. 14, the selective reflection characteristics of the reflective polarizing plate 49 are different from those in FIG.
  • the reflected light is reflected by a reflective sheet 205 provided on one surface (lower side in the drawing) of the light guide 203 and directed toward the liquid crystal display panel 11 again.
  • a retardation plate ( ⁇ /4 plate) is provided between the reflective sheet 205 and the light guide 203 or between the light guide 203 and the reflective polarizing plate 49, and the light is reflected by the reflective sheet 205 and passed twice.
  • the luminous flux is converted from S-polarized light to P-polarized light to improve the utilization efficiency of light source light as image light.
  • the image light beam (arrow 214 in FIG. 14) whose light intensity is modulated by the image signal on the liquid crystal display panel 11 is incident on the retroreflection plate 2 .
  • a spatially floating image which is a real image, can be obtained after being reflected by the retroreflection plate 2 .
  • the reflective polarizing plate In the light source device shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in addition to the action of the polarizing plate provided on the light incident surface of the corresponding liquid crystal display panel 11, the reflective polarizing plate reflects the polarized component on one side, so theoretically The obtained contrast ratio is obtained by multiplying the reciprocal of the cross transmittance of the reflective polarizing plate by the reciprocal of the cross transmittance obtained by the two polarizing plates attached to the liquid crystal display panel. This provides high contrast performance. In practice, it was confirmed through experiments that the contrast performance of the displayed image is improved by ten times or more. As a result, a high-quality image comparable to that of a self-luminous organic EL was obtained.
  • FIG. 15 shows another example of a specific configuration of the display device 1.
  • the light source device 13 is configured by housing an LED, a collimator, a synthetic diffusion block, a light guide, etc. in a case made of plastic, for example, and a liquid crystal display panel 11 is attached to the upper surface thereof.
  • LED (Light Emitting Diode) elements 14a and 14b which are semiconductor light sources, and an LED board on which the control circuit is mounted are attached to one side surface of the case of the light source device 13.
  • a heat sink 103 which is a member for cooling the heat generated by the LED element and the control circuit, is attached.
  • the liquid crystal display panel frame attached to the upper surface of the case includes the liquid crystal display panel 11 attached to the frame and FPCs (Flexible Printed Circuits: flexible wiring boards) electrically connected to the liquid crystal display panel 11. ) 403 (see FIG. 7) and the like are attached. That is, the liquid crystal display panel 11, which is a liquid crystal display element, together with the LED elements 14a and 14b, which are solid-state light sources, adjusts the intensity of transmitted light based on a control signal from a control circuit (not shown here) that constitutes the electronic device. to generate the displayed image by modulating the
  • Example 3 of display device converts a divergent light beam (P-polarized light and S-polarized light are mixed) from the LED into a substantially parallel light beam by the collimator 18, and the reflective surface of the reflective light guide 304 converts the light to the liquid crystal display panel 11. reflect towards.
  • the reflected light enters the reflective polarizing plate 49 arranged between the liquid crystal display panel 11 and the reflective light guide 304 .
  • a specific polarized wave (for example, P-polarized light) is transmitted through the reflective polarizing plate 49 and enters the liquid crystal display panel 11 .
  • the other polarized wave (for example, S-polarized light) is reflected by the reflective polarizing plate and directed to the reflective light guide 304 again.
  • the reflective polarizing plate 49 is installed at an angle so as not to be perpendicular to the principal ray of light from the reflecting surface of the reflective light guide 304, and the principal ray of light reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 49 is , is incident on the transmission surface of the reflective light guide 304 .
  • the light incident on the transmissive surface of the reflective light guide 304 is transmitted through the back surface of the reflective light guide 304 , transmitted through the ⁇ /4 plate 270 as a retardation plate, and reflected by the reflector 271 .
  • the light reflected by the reflecting plate 271 passes through the ⁇ /4 plate 270 again and passes through the transmitting surface of the reflective light guide 304 .
  • Light transmitted through the transmissive surface of the reflective light guide 304 enters the reflective polarizing plate 49 again.
  • the light incident on the reflective polarizing plate 49 again passes through the ⁇ /4 plate 270 twice, so that the polarization is converted into a polarized wave (for example, P-polarized light) that passes through the reflective polarizing plate 49. ing. Therefore, the light whose polarization has been converted passes through the reflective polarizing plate 49 and enters the liquid crystal display panel 11 .
  • the polarization may be reversed (reversing the S-polarized light and the P-polarized light) from the above description.
  • the light from the LEDs is aligned with a specific polarized wave (for example, P-polarized light), is incident on the liquid crystal display panel 11, is luminance-modulated in accordance with the video signal, and displays an image on the panel surface.
  • a specific polarized wave for example, P-polarized light
  • a plurality of LEDs constituting the light source are shown (only one is shown in FIG. 16 because of the longitudinal section), which are mounted at predetermined positions with respect to the collimator 18, as in the above example.
  • the collimators 18 are made of translucent resin such as acrylic or glass.
  • the collimator 18 may have a convex conical outer peripheral surface obtained by rotating the parabolic section.
  • the top portion may have a concave portion with a convex portion (that is, a convex lens surface) formed in the central portion.
  • the central portion of the planar portion has an outwardly projecting convex lens surface (or an inwardly recessed concave lens surface may be used).
  • the paraboloid that forms the conical outer peripheral surface of the collimator 18 is set within an angle range that allows total internal reflection of the light emitted from the LED in the peripheral direction, or the reflecting surface is formed.
  • the LEDs are arranged at predetermined positions on the surface of the LED board 102, which is the circuit board.
  • the LED substrate 102 is arranged and fixed to the collimator 18 so that the LEDs on the surface thereof are positioned at the central portion of the top of the conical convex shape (if the top has a concave portion, the concave portion). be.
  • the collimator 18 which has a convex lens in its central portion and a parabolic surface in its peripheral portion, makes it possible to extract almost all of the light generated by the LED as parallel light. It is possible to improve the utilization efficiency of the light.
  • the light converted into substantially parallel light by the collimator 18 shown in FIG. 16 is reflected by the reflective light guide 304 .
  • the light of a specific polarized wave is transmitted through the reflective polarizing plate 49 by the action of the reflective polarizing plate 49, and the light of the other polarized wave reflected by the action of the reflective polarizing plate 49 is returned to the light guide. 304 is transmitted.
  • the light is reflected by the reflector 271 located opposite to the liquid crystal display panel 11 with respect to the reflective light guide 304 .
  • the light is polarization-converted by passing through the ⁇ /4 plate 270, which is a retardation plate, twice.
  • the light reflected by the reflecting plate 271 passes through the light guide 304 again and enters the reflective polarizing plate 49 provided on the opposite surface. Since the incident light has undergone polarization conversion, it passes through the reflective polarizing plate 49 and enters the liquid crystal display panel 11 with the polarization direction aligned. As a result, all of the light from the light source can be used, and the geometrical optics utilization efficiency of light is doubled. Further, since the degree of polarization (extinction ratio) of the reflective polarizing plate can be added to the extinction ratio of the entire system, the use of the light source device of this embodiment greatly improves the contrast ratio of the entire display device.
  • the reflection diffusion angle of light on each reflecting surface can be adjusted.
  • the surface roughness of the reflective surface of the reflective light guide 304 and the surface roughness of the reflector 271 may be adjusted for each design so that the uniformity of the light incident on the liquid crystal display panel 11 is more favorable.
  • the ⁇ /4 plate 270 which is the retardation plate in FIG. In the configuration of FIG. 16, any retardation plate that changes the phase by 90° ( ⁇ /2) by passing the polarized light twice may be used.
  • the thickness of the retardation plate may be adjusted according to the incident angle distribution of polarized light.
  • ⁇ Display Device Example 4 Further, another example of the configuration of the optical system such as the light source device of the display device (example 4 of the display device) will be described with reference to FIG. 19 .
  • This is a configuration example in which a diffusion sheet is used in place of the reflective light guide 304 in the light source device of Example 3 of the display device.
  • two optical sheets an optical sheet 207A and an optical sheet 207B
  • the light from the collimator 18 is made incident between two optical sheets (diffusion sheets).
  • This optical sheet may be composed of one sheet instead of two sheets.
  • the vertical and horizontal diffusion characteristics are adjusted by the fine shapes of the front and back surfaces of one optical sheet.
  • a plurality of diffusion sheets may be used to share the action.
  • the number of LEDs and the number of LEDs and The divergence angle from the LED substrate (optical element) 102 and the optical specifications of the collimator 18 should be used as design parameters for optimal design. That is, the diffusion characteristics are adjusted by the surface shape of a plurality of diffusion sheets instead of the light guide.
  • the polarization conversion is performed in the same manner as in Example 3 of the display device described above. That is, in the example of FIG. 19, the reflective polarizing plate 49 may be configured to have the property of reflecting S-polarized light (and transmitting P-polarized light).
  • the P-polarized light of the light emitted from the LED, which is the light source is transmitted, and the transmitted light is incident on the liquid crystal display panel 11 .
  • S-polarized light is reflected, and the reflected light passes through the retardation plate 270 shown in FIG.
  • the light that has passed through the retardation plate 270 is reflected by the reflecting surface 271 .
  • the light reflected by the reflecting surface 271 passes through the retardation plate 270 again and is converted into P-polarized light.
  • the polarized light is transmitted through the reflective change plate 49 and enters the liquid crystal display panel 11 .
  • the ⁇ /4 plate 270 which is the retardation plate in FIG. In the configuration of FIG.
  • a retardation plate that changes the phase by 90° ( ⁇ /2) by passing the polarized light twice may be used.
  • the thickness of the retardation plate may be adjusted according to the incident angle distribution of polarized light.
  • the polarized waves may be reversed from the above description (S-polarized light and P-polarized light may be reversed).
  • Light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 11 has similar diffusion characteristics in the horizontal direction of the screen (indicated by the X-axis in FIG. 18(a)) and in the vertical direction of the screen (indicated by the Y-axis in FIG. 18(b)) in the conventional TV set. have.
  • the diffusion characteristic of the emitted light flux from the liquid crystal display panel of this embodiment is such that the viewing angle at which the brightness is 50% of the front view (angle of 0 degrees) is 13 degrees, as shown in Example 1 of FIG. As a result, it becomes 1/5 of the conventional 62 degrees.
  • the viewing angle in the vertical direction is not uniform in the vertical direction, and the reflection angle of the reflective light guide and the area of the reflecting surface are optimized so that the upper viewing angle is suppressed to about 1/3 of the lower viewing angle. do.
  • the amount of image light directed toward the monitoring direction is greatly improved, and the luminance is increased by 50 times or more.
  • the brightness becomes 50% of the front view (angle of 0 degree). .
  • the angle of view in the vertical direction is uniform in the vertical direction, and the angle of reflection and the area of the reflective surface of the reflective light guide are optimized so that the angle of view is suppressed to about 1/12 of the conventional angle.
  • the amount of image light directed toward the monitoring direction is greatly improved, and the luminance is increased by 100 times or more.
  • the amount of luminous flux directed toward the monitoring direction can be concentrated, so that the utilization efficiency of light is greatly improved.
  • a video display device compatible with the system can be provided.
  • FIG. 17 shows the convergence angles of the long sides and short sides of the panel when the distance L from the panel of the observer and the panel size (screen ratio 16:10) are used as parameters. If you want to monitor the screen vertically, you can set the convergence angle according to the short side. Image light from the four corners can be effectively directed to the observer.
  • the image light from the four corners of the screen can be effectively directed to the monitor.
  • the overall brightness of the screen can be improved by directing the image light at the periphery of the screen to the monitor who is in the optimum position for monitoring the center of the screen. can be improved.
  • a luminous flux with a narrow-angle directional characteristic is made incident on the liquid crystal display panel 11 by a light source device, and is displayed on the screen of the liquid crystal display panel 11 by performing luminance modulation in accordance with a video signal.
  • a spatially floating image obtained by reflecting the image information on the retroreflection plate is displayed outside or inside the room through the transparent member 100.
  • the floating-in-air image display system of Example 1 is a system configured using a floating-in-air image display device having a plurality of image sources.
  • an image source is composed of a plurality of layers, and corresponding to the image source, a floating image is stereoscopically composed of a plurality of layers.
  • the image source generates image light, and includes a surface light source and a point light source.
  • a display panel which is a surface light source, is used as the image source of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 shows the structure of the floating-in-air image display system of Example 1, and shows the schematic cross section seen from above in the vertical direction.
  • Alphabets x, y, z
  • the x-axis is the left-right direction (first direction) as seen from the user
  • the y-axis is the depth and front-back direction (second direction) as seen from the user
  • the z-axis is the vertical direction, up and down as seen from the user. is the direction.
  • the drawing schematically shows a user's viewpoint 2005 .
  • the floating image 2003 is visually recognized in the y direction (second direction) as indicated by the arrow from the user's viewpoint 2005 .
  • the floating image 2003 can be viewed most preferably when viewed from the user's viewpoint 2005 in the y direction.
  • This floating-in-air image display system has an image source 2001 in a plurality of layers in a first direction (x direction), and image light from the image source 2001 is transmitted through a beam splitter (polarization separating member) 101 into one It has a structure in which it is received by a piece of retroreflective sheet (retroreflective plate or retroreflective member) 2 .
  • the image light reflected by the beam splitter 101 forms a floating image 2003 in a plurality of layers in the second direction (y direction).
  • the plurality of layers is three layers.
  • a plurality of display layers (image source groups) are also indicated by L1, L2, and L3.
  • the display devices 1 provided in each layer as a plurality of display panels 2010 are arranged at positions that do not overlap in the plane (yz plane) of the image area (see FIGS. 22, 23, etc., to be described later). ).
  • the floating-in-air image 2003 can be displayed three-dimensionally in the depth direction (y direction). be able to.
  • the floating-in-air image display system in FIG. the retroreflective member 2 and the like.
  • Components such as the image source 2001, the beam splitter 101, and the retroreflective member 2 are fixed in the housing 2110 with a predetermined positional relationship.
  • the housing 2110 is provided with an opening 2111 .
  • the opening 2111 is made of, for example, a transparent member.
  • control device 31, the video processing circuit 33, and the like are accommodated in the housing 2110.
  • the image source of each layer is connected to the control device 31 via the image processing circuit 33 of the corresponding layer.
  • the control device 31 controls the display of each display panel (display device 1) of the image source 2001 by controlling the image processing circuit 33 .
  • the video processing circuit 33 processes the video signal and supplies it to each display panel 2010 of the video source 2001 through wiring.
  • the control device 31 has at least a processor and a memory, and has a function of controlling the display of the image source 2001 based on the image source and content data.
  • the control device 31 controls the display of the floating image 2003 based on the input and settings from the operator.
  • control device 31 and the video processing circuit 33 may be mounted integrally.
  • the image processing circuit 33 may be mounted on the frame of the image source 2001 (described later).
  • the control device 31 is installed on the back side of the housing 2110 in the y direction, but it is not limited to this, and can be installed at an arbitrary location such as the bottom surface inside the housing 2110 .
  • the control device 31 and the like may be arranged outside the housing 2110 .
  • the control device 31 may be configured to have a management PC or the like.
  • the image source 2001 which is a three-layer image source (in other words, an image display device), extends from the negative side (back side) to the positive side (image light emitting side) in the x direction (first direction, incident direction to the beam splitter 101).
  • a first display layer L1, a second display layer L2, and a third display layer L3 are provided at predetermined positions as display layers.
  • the first display layer L1, the second display layer L2 and the third display layer L3 are in other words the first image source group, the second image source group and the third image source group.
  • Each display layer is composed of one or more display panels 2010 (display device 1) mounted on a frame, as will be described later. As shown in an enlarged view, one display panel 2010 (display device 1) is configured by combining, for example, the light source device 13 and the liquid crystal display panel 11 described above. An organic EL display panel or the like may be used instead of the liquid crystal display panel 11 .
  • a floating image 2003 formed at a predetermined position outside the housing 2110 corresponding to the three-layer image source 2001 is formed as a three-layer floating image.
  • the three-layered floating image 2003 includes a first floating image layer M1, a second floating image layer M1, and a second floating image layer M1 in order from the front (negative side) to the back (positive side) as viewed from the user in the y direction (second direction). It has a floating image layer M2 and a third floating image layer M3.
  • the first floating image layer M1, the second floating image layer M2, and the third floating image layer M3 are, in other words, the first floating image group, the second floating image group, and the third floating image group.
  • Each image layer contains one or more floating image areas in the plane (xz plane) seen by the user, as will be described later. Note that the names of the layers in the image source 2001 and the floating image 2003 are for convenience of explanation.
  • the optical axis of the image light from the display panel 2010 (display device 1) of each layer of the three-layer image source 2001 is illustrated by arrows.
  • the optical axis of the image light from the display panel 2010 (for example, one on the front side in the y direction) of the first display layer L1 is indicated by a dotted arrow.
  • the optical axis of image light from the display panel 2010 of the second display layer L2 is indicated by a dashed arrow.
  • the optical axis of image light from the display panel 2010 (for example, the central one in the y direction) of the third display layer L3 is indicated by a dashed-dotted line arrow.
  • the image light from the image sources in each layer is separated in the plane of the image area.
  • a floating image 2003 is separately formed in the plane of the image area as images of the respective floating image layers (M1, M2, M3).
  • the floating images of each layer are arranged at symmetrical positions with respect to the plane of the beam splitter 101 with respect to the position of the display panel 2010 of the image source 2001 .
  • the three-layer floating-in-air image 2003 is viewed by the user as a stereoscopic floating-in-air image.
  • the retroreflective member 2 is arranged at a position facing the image source 2001 in the first direction (x direction).
  • the beam splitter 101 is obliquely arranged between the image source 2001 and the retroreflection member 2 so that the direction of the optical axis of the reflected light is reflected as the second direction (y direction).
  • Image light emitted from each display panel 2010 of the image source 2001 travels toward the beam splitter 101 in the x direction.
  • the image light passes through the beam splitter 101 (polarization separation) and is retroreflected by the retroreflection member 2 .
  • the retroreflected light is reflected by the beam splitter 101 to the front side in the second direction (y direction).
  • the reflected light forms a floating image 2003 at a predetermined position outside the housing 2110 via the opening 2111 .
  • the floating image 2003 is composed of a plurality of floating image layers (M1, M2, M3) arranged at a plurality of positions in the second direction (y direction) corresponding to the plurality of image sources 2001.
  • FIG. 20 of Embodiment 1 shows a case where the floating image 2003 is viewed in the horizontal direction (y direction) from the user's viewpoint 2005, it is of course possible without being limited to this. If the overall direction is changed while maintaining the arrangement relationship of the components fixed to the housing 2110, the direction in which the floating image 2003 is viewed from the viewpoint 2005 is changed to another direction (for example, diagonally downward as shown in FIG. 3A). It is possible to have a form in which
  • FIG. 21 shows main components of a floating-in-air image display device that is part of the floating-in-air image display system of Example 1, and shows a schematic cross-sectional view similar to FIG.
  • the image source 2001 has display panels 405a, 405b, 405c, and 405d as a plurality of display panels 2010 (display device 1) on the first display layer L1, and display panels 404a, 404b, 404b, and 404b on the second display layer L2. 404c and 404d, and a display panel 403a on the third display layer L3.
  • the details are as shown in FIG. 23, which will be described later.
  • the screen sizes of the plurality of display panels 2010 (liquid crystal display panels 11) of the image source 2001 are the same.
  • a plurality of display panels may have display panels of different sizes.
  • display panels of different sizes may be provided in the front layer and the rear layer (described later).
  • a plurality of display layers (L1, L2, L3) are arranged with a predetermined distance (distance D in FIG. 23) between each layer, and in Example 1, the distance between each layer is the same. Not limited to this, as a modification, different distances may be provided between the respective layers.
  • the floating image 2003 includes floating images 505a, 505b, 505c, and 505d in the first floating image layer M1 as a plurality of floating images, and floating images 504a, 504a, 504a, 505d in the second floating image layer M2. 504b, 504c, 504d, and a floating image 503a in the third floating image layer M3.
  • the image source 2001 is configured as a plurality of display panels 2010 (display device 1) for a total of nine display panels (FIG. 22) when viewed in the x direction from positive to negative. are arranged in a convex shape so that the central display panel 403a is located on the front third display layer L3.
  • the floating image 2003 seen from the user's viewpoint 2005 has a total of nine floating image layers (FIG. 25) as a plurality of floating image layers, and the center floating image 503a is the third image layer at the back. It is arranged in a concave shape so as to come to the floating image layer M3.
  • the image floating in air 2003 appears as if the image in the peripheral portion swells toward the front with respect to the center. Without being limited to this, by changing the arrangement of each display panel of the image source 2001, it is possible to make the floating image 2003 of a different shape from the user's point of view (described later).
  • FIG. 22 shows a schematic diagram when the image source 2001 is viewed on the yz plane in the x direction (first direction). Also, FIG. 23 shows a schematic diagram of the image source 2001 of FIG. 22 viewed obliquely from above.
  • a plurality of display panels 2010 of multiple layers are shown stacked on the same plane.
  • the display panel 405a and the like of the first display layer L1 on the far side are shown in white areas
  • the display panels 404a and the like of the second display layer L2 in the middle are shown in gray areas.
  • the display panel 403a of the third display layer L3 on the side is illustrated by a black area.
  • the regions (corresponding screens) of the plurality of display panels 2010 do not overlap each other and are separated by a certain interval. This separation interval is designed according to the conditions described later.
  • FIG. 23 in a three-layer image source 2001, a plurality of (nine in total) display panels are arranged so that image light emitted from each display panel in the x direction does not overlap image light from other display panels. , in other words, are arranged so as not to be blocked by the display panel 2010 .
  • Various arrows represent the optical axis of the image light from the display panel 2010 of each layer, as in FIG.
  • an arrow 420 indicates the optical axis of image light from the upper left display panel 405a of the first display layer L1.
  • This image light passes through the space within the frame 404f of the second display layer L2 and the space within the frame 403f of the third display layer L3 in the x direction, and passes through the beam splitter 101 in the y direction as shown in FIG. Reaches part of the front side.
  • the arrow 423 indicates the optical axis of the image light from the right display panel 404d of the second display layer L2.
  • This image light passes through the space in the frame 404f of the third display layer L3 in the x direction and reaches a part of the beam splitter 101 on the far side in the y direction as shown in FIG.
  • an arrow 424 indicates the optical axis of image light from the central display panel 403a of the third display layer L3. This image light reaches a part of the center of the beam splitter 101 as shown in FIG. 21 in the x direction.
  • the display panel 2010 (403a, etc.) of each layer is fixed to a rectangular frame (in other words, a supporting member).
  • the display panel 2010 (403a, etc.) of each layer receives power supply, image signal, control signal, etc. from the video processing circuit 33, etc. of FIG. 20 through the wiring of the frame.
  • a region within the frame of each layer is a space through which image light can pass as it is.
  • connection frames 405a, 405b, 405c, and 405d are fixed in the frame 405f via connection frames 405af, 405bf, 405cf, and 405df at positions near four diagonal corners.
  • the connection frames 405af and 405cf are portions protruding downward from the upper side of the frame 405f
  • the connection frames 405bf and 405df are portions protruding upward from the lower side of the frame 405f.
  • the connection frame 405af and the like may be regarded as a part integral with the frame 405f, or may be regarded as parts fixed to the frame 405f.
  • the configuration of the connection frame is not limited to this, and various configurations are possible as described later.
  • display panels 404a, 404b, 404c, and 404d are fixed in a frame 404f via connection frames 404af, 404bf, 404cf, and 404df at positions near the four sides of the top, bottom, left, and right.
  • the connection frame 404af is a portion that protrudes to the right from the left side of the frame 404f.
  • the display panel 403a is fixed at the center position within the frame 403f via the connection frame 403af.
  • the connection frame 403af is a portion that protrudes downward from the upper side of the frame 403f, turns to the right, and is connected to the left side of the display panel 403a.
  • each display layer The frames (405f, 404f, 403f) of each display layer are fixed to the housing 2110 of the system in FIG. Thereby, each component of the floating-in-air image display device is arranged with a predetermined positional relationship.
  • the frames and connection frames of each display layer have rigidity for fixing the display panel 2010, and some of the frames and connection frames are connected to the display panel 2010 from the video processing circuit 33 as described later (FIG. 30). wiring has been implemented.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the frames of the video source 2001 and the connecting frames in FIG. 23 when they are superimposed on the yz plane and viewed from above.
  • any connection frame is formed and positioned so as not to block the image light from the display panel 2010 .
  • none of the connection frames are arranged at positions that do not overlap the area of the display panel 2010 .
  • the connection frame 403af of the display panel 403a is arranged at a position passing between the display panel 404b and the display panel 405a so as not to overlap the display panel 404b and the like.
  • FIG. 25 shows a schematic configuration diagram when the image 2003 floating in air is viewed from the user's point of view 2005 in the y direction (second direction) in plan as the yz plane, and also shows an example of image display (content).
  • the example of FIG. 25 is an image diagram when actually used in a digital signage or the like.
  • FIG. 26 shows a perspective view of the floating image 2003 of FIG.
  • the floating image 2003 can display images such as content in each area (such as the floating image 505a) in each floating image layer.
  • the third airborne image layer M3, which is the innermost plane in the y direction as seen from the user, is displayed in correspondence with the configuration of the image source 2001 in FIG.
  • the image area is shown in black, the image area of the second floating image layer M2, which is the middle plane, in gray, and the image area of the first floating image layer M1, which is the foreground, in white.
  • images of the first floating image layer M1, which is the foremost in the y direction, the second floating image layer M2, which is the center, and the third floating image layer M3, which is the innermost are shown. It is drawn so that the area becomes smaller in order.
  • one floating image 503a in the center displays white characters on a black background.
  • four vertical and horizontal floating images (504a, 504b, 504c, 504d) display plants on a gray background.
  • four diagonal floating images (505a, 505b, 505c, 505d) display animals on a white background.
  • the floating image 503a of the third floating image layer M3 appears at the farthest point, while the floating images 504a and the like of the second floating image layer M2 appear in the foreground.
  • the floating image 505a of the first floating image layer M1 and the like appear on the frontmost side.
  • gaps are provided between a total of nine floating-in-air images when viewed from the front by the user. From the user's point of view, the background can be seen as it is in the areas between the nine floating images. In this example, since the gap is provided as described above, even when the user's viewpoint 2005 deviates from the ideal front view position in the vertical and horizontal directions by a predetermined distance, a plurality of images of the floating image 2003 can be visually recognized. is.
  • the display control from the control device 31 applies gradation of black, gray, and white to the image of each layer in the depth direction.
  • gradation of black, gray, and white is an example provided.
  • the color and brightness of the image of each layer can be controlled in various ways, and even if the color and brightness of each layer are set to the same level, a three-dimensional effect and a sense of perspective will be generated in the depth direction.
  • FIG. 27 shows an example in which the contents of the floating-in-air image 2003 are changed, and is an example in which the contents displayed in the second floating-in-air image layer M2 and the first floating-in-air image layer M1 in FIG. 26 are exchanged.
  • the content of the floating image 2003 can be changed.
  • plants are displayed in the first floating-in-air image layer M1 at the forefront, and animals are displayed in the second floating-in-air image layer M2 one behind.
  • Each content displayed as the floating image 2003 can be composed of messages, still images, moving images, and the like. Also, if an audio output device such as a speaker is provided in the floating-in-air image display system of FIG. Such a floating image 2003 can be provided, for example, as a new use of digital signage and advertising media.
  • FIGS. A floating image 2003 can be seen. That is, for the image of the first floating image layer M1 at the forefront in the floating image 2003, the image of the second floating image layer M2 in the middle and the image of the third floating image layer M3 at the innermost are arranged in this order. The farther away, the smaller it looks, so the perspective becomes even more pronounced.
  • the floating image 2003 it is possible to display the content only on a selected display layer from among the plurality of display layers of the image source 2001. For example, if the display of the second display layer L2 is turned off, nothing can be displayed on the second floating image layer M2 in FIG.
  • FIG. 28 shows a display example of such a floating image 2003.
  • a content for example, an animal
  • the content is displayed on the corresponding area (the floating image 503a) of the third floating image layer M3.
  • An image corresponding to H.2801 is displayed.
  • the content 2802 (the content 2801 may have a different background, movement, etc.) is displayed on the display panel 404d of the second display layer L2, so that the content 2802 is displayed on the display panel 404d.
  • An image corresponding to the content 2802 is displayed in an area (floating image 504d) corresponding to M2.
  • the content 2803 (the content 2802 may have a different background, movement, etc.) is displayed on the display panel 405d of the first display layer L1, thereby displaying the first floating image layer.
  • An image corresponding to the content 2803 is displayed in an area (floating image 505d) corresponding to M1.
  • FIG. 29 shows image display from the control device 31 and the image processing circuit 33 for the plurality of display panels 403a, 404a-404d, 405a-405d of the plurality of display layers (L1, L2, L3) of the image source 2001 of FIG. An example of control configuration is shown.
  • the image processing circuit 33 one image processing circuit is provided for each display layer (corresponding frame).
  • 33B shown as video processing circuit 33C of the third display layer L3.
  • the control device 31 controls the video processing circuit 33A, the video processing circuit 33B, and the video processing circuit 33C.
  • the video processing circuit 33B of the second display layer L2 transmits image signals for display on the display panels 404a, 404b, 404c, and 404d to the respective display panels through the wiring of the frame 404f (FIG. 30 described later). supply.
  • the timing of image display is determined by the control signal from the control device 31 .
  • FIG. 30 shows a configuration example of wiring from the video processing circuit 33B to the display panels 404a, 404b, 404c, and 404d via the frame 404f, taking the second display layer L2 of FIG. 29 as an example.
  • the frame 404f and each connection frame are shown in black, and the wiring on the frame is shown in white.
  • a wiring 3001 is connected between the video processing circuit 33B and the frame 404f.
  • the number of output lines (wiring 3001) from the video processing circuit 33B is equal to the number of display panels arranged in the frame of the display layer.
  • a wiring 3001 is obtained by combining four wirings up to four display panels 2010 into one.
  • the wiring 3001 can be mounted on, for example, a flexible printed circuit board. Wires to the display panels 404a, 404b, 404c, and 404d are mounted on the frame 404f. Note that the portion of the wiring 3001 may also be configured by the frame.
  • Wiring up to the display panels 404a, 404b, 404c, and 404d is also mounted on the frame 404f and the connection frame 404bf.
  • the wiring 3002 to the display panel 404b is mounted on the right side and upper side of the frame 404f and the connection frame 404bf.
  • the image processing circuit 33 is provided for each display layer of the image source 2001, and image display control can be easily realized independently and in parallel for each display layer. Not limited to this, it is also possible to collectively implement one video processing circuit 33 in a plurality of display layers.
  • [conditions] 31 to 33 are explanatory diagrams of conditions for arranging the plurality of display panels 2010 (display device 1) in the plurality of display layers (L1, L2, L3) of the image source 2001 in the first embodiment.
  • this condition is that the image light from the display panel 2010 on the rear display layer in the x direction is not blocked by the display panel 2010 on the front display layer.
  • this condition means that when the image source 2001 is planarly viewed in the first direction (x direction), particularly when multiple display layers are superimposed in one yz plane, multiple display panels 2010 are arranged at different positions without overlapping.
  • FIG. 31 is a perspective view focusing on the constituent parts of the first display layer L1 and the second display layer L2, where the first display layer L1 is considered as the back display layer and the second display layer L2 is considered as the front display layer. .
  • image light (arrow) 421 from the display panel 405d at the lower right position of the first display layer L1 for example.
  • the positional relationship between the display panel 405d of the first display layer L1 and each display panel of the second display layer L2 in particular, the lower display panel 404c and the right display panel 404d).
  • the frame 405f of the first display layer L1 and the frame 404f of the second display layer L2 are arranged parallel to each other with a predetermined distance D therebetween.
  • FIG. 32 shows the configuration when each layer is superimposed and viewed from above as the yz plane, focusing on the second display layer L2 in FIG. , the positional relationship with the display panel 404c and the display panel 404d on the front side.
  • a region 1405 is a region when the region of the display panel 405d on the far side is projected onto the second display layer L2 in the same size.
  • a region 2405 indicated by a dashed frame is a region when image light from the rear display panel 405d is projected and transmitted through the second display layer L2 with an angle (divergence angle) ⁇ in FIG. show.
  • the distance d1 is the distance between the area 1405 of the display panel 405d and the adjacent display panel 404c on the left in the y direction (horizontal and lateral directions in the screen) is also shown).
  • the distance d2 is the distance between the area 1405 of the display panel 405d and the adjacent display panel 404d in the z direction (vertical direction and vertical direction in the screen) (the same distance d2 is the distance below the area 1405). also shown).
  • the distances d1 and d2 indicate ranges within which the area 2405 of the display panel 405d does not overlap the areas of the adjacent display panels (404c and 404d).
  • FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram of the positional relationship of FIGS. 31 and 32 when viewed in the x direction.
  • FIG. 33A is an explanatory diagram of the positional relationship with the display panel 404c on the left when viewed from above on the xz plane.
  • FIG. 33B is an explanatory diagram of the positional relationship with the adjacent display panel 404d on the upper side as viewed from the side in the yz plane.
  • ⁇ 1 be the divergence angle ⁇ of the image light from the display panel 405d in the horizontal direction (y direction) within the screen.
  • ⁇ 2 be the divergence angle ⁇ of the image light from the display panel 405d in the vertical direction (z direction) within the screen.
  • the size of the display panel 405d in the horizontal direction (y direction) within the screen is SH, and the size in the vertical direction (z direction) within the screen is SV.
  • SH the size in the vertical direction (z direction) within the screen
  • the display panels 405d, 404c, and 404d are arranged under the condition that the image light area 2405 (shown in FIG. 32) of the display panel 405d does not overlap with the areas of the display panels 404c and 404d. 2405 is not blocked by the display panel 404c and the display panel 404d.
  • the image light emitted from the display panel 405d diverges forward at divergence angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2.
  • image light reaches the area 2405 from the display panel 405d on the far side. If the range of this area 2405 and the area of the display panel 404c arranged in the frame 404f do not overlap, the image light from the display panel 405d reaches the front without any loss.
  • the display panel 405d arranged in the frame 405f of the first display layer L1 and the display panel 404c arranged in the frame 404f of the second display layer L2, which is adjacent to the display panel 405d on the left in plan view is set so that the distance d1 (described in FIG. 32) is equal to or greater than the distance D1 (described in FIG. 33).
  • the display panel 404c does not block the image light from the display panel 405d, so that there is no loss of brightness.
  • the distance d2 (described in FIG. 32) between the display panel 405d of the first display layer L1 and the display panel 404d of the second display layer L2, which is adjacent thereto in plan view, is the distance D2 ( (described in FIG. 33).
  • the display panel 405d does not block the image light from the display panel 405d, so there is no loss of brightness. Therefore, by adopting an arrangement that satisfies the conditions, it is possible to obtain the floating image 2003 with high light utilization efficiency.
  • the relationship is as follows. d1 ⁇ D1 d2 ⁇ D2
  • the image display areas and image light of the plurality of display panels 2010 can be effectively utilized.
  • the above example shows the case where the distance d1>d2, it is possible without being limited to this.
  • the display panel 2010 (display device 1) is configured to emit image light with a narrow divergence angle (high directivity) as described above, the divergence angle ⁇ becomes smaller, and the image display area becomes can be brought close.
  • FIG. 34 shows the configuration of the floating-in-air image display device of Modification 1 of Example 1 in a schematic cross-sectional view along the xy plane, similar to FIG. 35 also shows a perspective view of the image source 2001 of FIG.
  • This modified example 1 corresponds to another arrangement example of the plurality of display panels 2010 in the plurality of display layers (L1, L2, L3) of the image source 2001.
  • the plurality of display panels are recessed in the x direction. 2010 are placed.
  • One display panel 3401 is arranged in the center of the first display layer L1 on the far side.
  • Four display panels 3402 are arranged vertically and horizontally on the second display layer L2.
  • the plurality of layers (M1, M2, M3) in the floating image 2003 are formed convex in the y direction.
  • One floating image 3411 is formed in the center of the first floating image layer M1 on the front side.
  • four images floating in the air are formed vertically and horizontally.
  • four floating images are formed at four diagonal corners.
  • Modified Example 1 it is possible to provide a floating image 2003 with a three-dimensional effect such that the center is raised toward the front side compared to the periphery when viewed from the user's viewpoint 2005 .
  • FIG. 36 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of the image source 2001 in Modification 2.
  • FIG. Modification 2 corresponds to a variation of the connection frame.
  • a connection frame 404bcf is additionally provided between the upper display panel 404b and the lower display panel 404c in the second display layer L2.
  • the display panel 404b and the display panel 404c are connected and fixed by the connection frame 404bcf.
  • the display panels 404b and 404c can be fixed more firmly to the frame 404f, and the arrangement position can be stabilized.
  • Wiring may also be mounted on the connection frame 404bcf.
  • FIG. 37 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the image source 2001 in FIG. 36 viewed from above in the yz plane.
  • the connection frame 404bcf of the second display layer L2 is arranged to overlap.
  • the display panel 2010 is not arranged.
  • the connection frame 404bcf does not block the image light of the display panel 403a of the third display layer L3 on the front side, and does not block the image light of the display panels (405a to 405d) of the first display layer L1 on the back side.
  • the connection frame of the rear display layer may be arranged behind the display panel 2010 of the front display layer.
  • the connection frame (for example, the connection frame 404bcf) of the display layer on the rear side must not have the display panel 2010 behind it, in other words, it must not block the image light from the display panel 2010 on the back side. be.
  • connection frame may be similarly provided between the left display panel 404a and the right display panel 404d in the second display layer L2. Both the connection frame and the connection frame 404bcf may be provided.
  • connection frame may be provided between the display panels 405a to 405d, for example, between the display panel 405a and the display panel 405c in the first display layer L1.
  • FIG. 38 shows a perspective view of a configuration example of the image source 2001 in Modification 3.
  • FIG. 39 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the image source 2001 in FIG. 38 viewed from above in the yz plane.
  • a support member also referred to as an interlayer frame
  • the right-angled square frame (the frame 405f in FIG. 23, etc.) of each layer in the first example is not provided.
  • the right-angled quadrilateral area of each layer is illustrated with a dashed frame for easy understanding.
  • connection frames are also provided that are connected to the interlayer frames to connect the display panels 2010 in each display layer (L1, L2, L3).
  • Each display panel 2010 on each layer is fixed in a predetermined positional relationship by support members (interlayer frames and connection frames).
  • a support member (interlayer frame) 3801 extending in the x direction is provided between the first display layer L1 and the second display layer L2.
  • the support member 3801 is connected between a central coupling member (fulcrum) 3811 of the first display layer L1 and a central coupling member (fulcrum) 3812 of the second display layer L2.
  • a support member (interlayer frame) 3802 extending in the x direction is provided between the second display layer L2 and the third display layer L3.
  • the support member 3802 is connected between the center fulcrum 3812 of the second display layer L2 and the center display panel 403a of the third display layer L2.
  • the support member 3801 and the connection frame 3821 are coupled and fixed by a coupling member 3811 .
  • the support member 3801 , the support member 3802 and the connection frame 3822 are coupled and fixed by the coupling member 3812 .
  • connection frame 3821 (two horizontal lines and one vertical line connecting them) is connected to the connecting member 3811, as indicated by the dashed frame.
  • Four diagonal display panels (405a, 405b, 405c, 405d) are fixed to the connecting member 3811 by a connecting frame 3821 in a predetermined positional relationship.
  • a connection frame 3822 having a cross shape (one horizontal line and one vertical line) is connected to the connecting member 3812, as indicated by a dashed frame.
  • upper, lower, left, and right display panels (404a, 404b, 404c, 404d) are fixed to the coupling member 3812 by a connection frame 3822 in a predetermined positional relationship.
  • Wiring from the video processing circuit 33 of FIG. 20 is mounted on these interlayer frames and connection frames, and each display panel 2010 receives power supply, image signals, control signals, etc. through the wiring.
  • At least part of these interlayer frames and connection frames are fixed to the housing 2110 in FIG.
  • the connection frame 3811 arranged on the first display layer L1 is fixed to the housing 2110 .
  • strength can be maintained.
  • these support members are arranged so as not to block the image light of each display panel 2010 in the plurality of display layers (L1, L2, L3), as in the first embodiment. there is In other words, these supporting members are not arranged on the image light emitting side of each display panel 2010 .
  • the image source 2001 does not need to have a right-angled rectangular frame, and can be mounted in a space-saving manner within the housing.
  • the strength may be increased by further providing a right-angled square frame in the third modification.
  • FIG. 40 shows a perspective view of a configuration example of the image source 2001 in Modification 4.
  • the first display layer L1 is composed of one image display device 425 instead of the frame and four display panels 2010 described above.
  • the second display layer L2 and the third display layer L3, which are the two layers on the front side, have display panels 2010 fixedly arranged with respect to the frame in the same manner as described above.
  • the images are arranged so that they do not overlap in the direction (x direction).
  • the innermost first display layer L1 is composed of one large image display device 425 instead of four display panels 2010 fixed to the frame.
  • This one video display device 425 is a video source having a video display surface size larger than that of the display panel 2010 described above.
  • the video display device 425 receives power supply, image signals, control signals, etc. from the video processing circuit 33 of FIG. 20 through wiring. 20 controls image display in respective display areas (425a, 425b, 425c, 425d) within the image display surface of the image display device 425 through the image processing circuit 33.
  • FIG. 20 illustrates four display areas (425a , 425b, 425c, 425d) within the image display surface of the image display device 425 through the image processing circuit 33.
  • the background display area 4001 surrounding the four display areas (425a, 425b, 425c, and 425d) in the image display plane of the image display device 425 can be arbitrarily displayed. .
  • Modification 4 it is possible to form a three-dimensional image floating in the air. Further, in the case of Modified Example 4, the four display areas (425a, 425b, 425c, 425d) in the first display layer L1 can be variably controlled without fixing their positions and sizes.
  • FIG. 41 shows a perspective view of a configuration example of an image source 2001 and a configuration example of a floating image 2003 corresponding to the image source 2001 in modification 5.
  • FIG. Modification 5 shows an example in which display panels 2010 of different sizes are provided in an example in which image source 2001 and floating image 2003 are configured in two layers.
  • the upper part of FIG. 41 shows a perspective view of a configuration example of the image source 2001
  • the lower part of FIG. 41 shows a perspective view of a configuration example of the floating image 2003 .
  • the image source 2001 is composed of a first display layer L1 on the back side and a second display layer L2 on the front side.
  • a display panel 4101 of a first size is arranged in the lower area within the rectangular area indicated by the dashed frame.
  • the display panel 4101 is fixed to the aforementioned housing by means of a connection frame (for example, a supporting member protruding from the bottom surface of the housing).
  • the display panel 4102 of the second size is arranged in the upper area within the rectangular area indicated by the dashed frame.
  • the display panel 4102 is fixed to the aforementioned housing by means of a connection frame (for example, a support member protruding downward from the ceiling surface of the housing).
  • the second size differs from the first size in that, for example, it has a smaller width and a larger vertical width than the first size.
  • the floating image 2003 is composed of a first floating image layer M1 on the front side and a second floating image layer M2 on the back side.
  • a floating-in-air image 4111 of a first size is formed in the lower area within the rectangular area indicated by the dashed frame.
  • a floating-in-air image 4112 of a second size is formed in the upper area within the rectangular area indicated by the dashed frame.
  • the floating-in-air image 2003 is displayed with the floating-in-air image 4112 displayed in the center on the far side from the user's perspective, and the floating-in-air image 4111 displayed on the lower side in front of the image. By doing so, three-dimensional expression is possible.
  • the present invention is not limited to this. It is also possible to form In addition, the configuration of the three-dimensional effect and perspective in multiple layers is not limited to the example of concave or convex in plan view, and it is also possible to form an image by dividing it into an upper part and a lower part, etc., as in Modification 5. be.
  • FIG. 42 shows, as Modified Example 6, a configuration example in which a multi-layer configuration as shown in FIG. 20 is similarly applied to the basic configuration as shown in FIG.
  • a polarization separating member 101 is arranged obliquely in the first direction (x direction) with respect to a multi-layer image source 2001 (similar to Embodiment 1).
  • Retroreflective members 2 are arranged in two directions (y-direction).
  • FIG. 42 omits illustration of the aforementioned control device 31 and the like. Image light from the image source 2001 travels in a first direction and is reflected in a second direction toward the retroreflective member 2 by the polarization separation member 101 .
  • the reflected image light is retroreflected by the retroreflection member 2 and returns toward the polarization separation member 101 in the second direction.
  • the retroreflected image light is transmitted through the polarization separation member 101 in the second direction.
  • the transmitted image light passes through the opening 2111 of the housing 2110 in the second direction, and forms a multi-layer floating image 2003 (similar to the first embodiment) at a predetermined position outside.
  • FIG. 43 to 45 show configuration examples of the floating-in-air image display device in the floating-in-air image display system of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 43 shows the configuration of the floating-in-air image display device in the xy plane viewed from above.
  • FIG. 44 shows a perspective view of image source 2001 .
  • FIG. 45 shows the configuration when the image source 2001 is planarly viewed in the x direction.
  • the display panel 2010 (display device 1) in the image source 2001 is changed from the surface light source, which is the display panel 2010 made of liquid crystal or the like, to a point light source. corresponds to the form replaced by A point light source is, for example, an LED light source device.
  • This floating-in-the-air image display system is installed outdoors or indoors, for example, at an event or the like, and can provide, for example, the light of fireflies or fireworks as the floating-in-air image 2003 with a three-dimensional effect.
  • an image source 2001 has a plurality of point light sources 2020 in a plurality of layers (L1, L2, L3), instead of the display panel 2010 described above, point light sources 2020 such as LED light source devices are arranged.
  • four point light sources (415a, 415b, 415c, 415d) are arranged at diagonal positions in the frame 405f through connection frames.
  • point light sources 414a, 414b, 414c, 414d
  • four point light sources (414a, 414b, 414c, 414d) are arranged at upper, lower, left, and right positions in the frame 404f through connection frames.
  • one point light source 413a is arranged at the center position via a connection frame in the frame 403f.
  • Each point light source 2020 can be controlled, for example, on/off and brightness from the control device 31 described above.
  • the conditions for arranging the plurality of point light sources 2020 in multiple layers are the same as those described above, and they must not overlap in plan view.
  • the plurality of point light sources 2020 of the image source 2001 may actually be provided as a larger number of point light sources.
  • FIG. 45 shows a configuration example of a plane view of a floating image 2003 on the xz plane corresponding to a case where, for example, 64 ⁇ 64 point light sources are arranged in the rectangular plane of the image source 2001. ing.
  • the floating image 2003 viewed in the y direction, for example, light p1, p2, . , 64 lights p4033 to p4096 are formed on the 64th line.
  • These multiple lights (p1 to p4096) are three-dimensionally formed in multiple regions in the depth direction within the xz plane, corresponding to the configuration of the multiple display layers of the image source 2001 .
  • By increasing the number of layers in the depth direction it is possible to construct a floating image 2003 with a curved surface.
  • the image source 2001 composed of a plurality of point light sources 2020 can provide a three-dimensional floating-in-air image 2003 viewed from the user's viewpoint, as in the first embodiment.
  • the user can operate without feeling anxious about contact infection of infectious diseases. enable. If the technology according to this embodiment is applied to a system used by an unspecified number of users, it will be possible to reduce the risk of contact infection of infectious diseases and provide a non-contact user interface that can be used without anxiety. . In this way, we will contribute to "3 good health and well-being for all" in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) advocated by the United Nations.
  • SDGs Sustainable Development Goals
  • the technology according to the present embodiment by making the angle of divergence of emitted image light small and aligning it to a specific polarized wave, only normal reflected light can be efficiently reflected by the retroreflective member. To obtain a bright and clear spatial floating image with high utilization efficiency. According to the technology according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a highly usable non-contact user interface capable of significantly reducing power consumption. In this way, we will contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) advocated by the United Nations.
  • SDGs Sustainable Development Goals
  • REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 display device image display device
  • 2 retroreflection plate retroreflection member
  • 11 liquid crystal display panel 13 light source device
  • 31 control device 33 image processing circuit
  • 101 polarization separation member beam Splitter
  • Video source 2003 (505a to 505d, 504a to 504d, 503a) Floating image 2005
  • Viewpoint 2010 (405a to 405d, 404a to 404d, 403a)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'affichage vidéo flottante aérienne plus approprié. La présente invention contribue aux Objectifs de développement durables de "3. La santé et le bien-être pour tous" et "9. La construction d'une fondation pour l'industrie et l'innovation technologique. " Un système d'affichage vidéo flottante aérienne comprend une source vidéo 2001, un élément de rétroréflexion 2, un élément de séparation de polarisation 101 agencé de manière oblique, et un dispositif de commande pour commander un affichage vidéo, la lumière vidéo provenant de la source vidéo 2001 étant transmise par l'élément de séparation de polarisation 101 et rétroréfléchie par l'élément de rétroréflexion 2, et réfléchie dans une seconde direction (y) par l'élément de séparation de polarisation 101, et la vidéo flottante aérienne 2003 étant affichée dans une position prescrite. La source vidéo 2001 a une pluralité de couches d'affichage (L1, L2, L3) agencées dans une pluralité de positions dans une première direction, et les couches d'affichage ayant un ou plusieurs écrans d'affichage 2010 fixés dans une position prescrite. La vidéo flottante aérienne 2003 est constituée d'une pluralité de couches vidéo flottante aérienne (M1, M2, M3) correspondant à la pluralité de couches d'affichage et agencées dans une pluralité de positions dans la seconde direction.
PCT/JP2022/036843 2021-10-18 2022-09-30 Système d'affichage vidéo flottante aérienne WO2023068021A1 (fr)

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JP2021170303A JP2023060615A (ja) 2021-10-18 2021-10-18 空中浮遊映像表示システム
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08286624A (ja) * 1995-04-11 1996-11-01 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk 立体表示装置
JP2006301094A (ja) * 2005-04-18 2006-11-02 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> ３次元表示方法および３次元表示装置
JP2007053496A (ja) * 2005-08-16 2007-03-01 Sony Corp 映像表示方法、映像表示方法のプログラム、映像表示方法のプログラムを記録した記録媒体及び映像表示装置
US20150248014A1 (en) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Control of polarization and diffractive artifact resolution in retro-imaging systems
WO2016199917A1 (fr) * 2015-06-12 2016-12-15 日本カーバイド工業株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage d'image
JP2020187320A (ja) * 2019-05-17 2020-11-19 株式会社大真空 表示システム

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08286624A (ja) * 1995-04-11 1996-11-01 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk 立体表示装置
JP2006301094A (ja) * 2005-04-18 2006-11-02 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> ３次元表示方法および３次元表示装置
JP2007053496A (ja) * 2005-08-16 2007-03-01 Sony Corp 映像表示方法、映像表示方法のプログラム、映像表示方法のプログラムを記録した記録媒体及び映像表示装置
US20150248014A1 (en) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Control of polarization and diffractive artifact resolution in retro-imaging systems
WO2016199917A1 (fr) * 2015-06-12 2016-12-15 日本カーバイド工業株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage d'image
JP2020187320A (ja) * 2019-05-17 2020-11-19 株式会社大真空 表示システム

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