WO2023060668A1 - 一种后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置 - Google Patents

一种后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023060668A1
WO2023060668A1 PCT/CN2021/128316 CN2021128316W WO2023060668A1 WO 2023060668 A1 WO2023060668 A1 WO 2023060668A1 CN 2021128316 W CN2021128316 W CN 2021128316W WO 2023060668 A1 WO2023060668 A1 WO 2023060668A1
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Prior art keywords
abrasive
channel
water
pressure
jet
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PCT/CN2021/128316
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张永将
国林东
赵旭生
孙海涛
曹建军
李成成
陆占金
黄振飞
季飞
徐遵玉
徐军见
李帅
牛心刚
杨慧明
王中华
刘永三
刘怀付
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中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2023060668A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023060668A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of coal seam pressure relief and antireflection, and relates to a rear-mounted dual-channel abrasive jet slotting device.
  • Coal seam pressure relief and permeability enhancement is one of the effective means for the prevention and control of coal-rock gas dynamic disasters.
  • hydraulic measures have become one of the main technical means for pressure relief and permeability enhancement of coal seams.
  • hydraulic slotting technology has strong coal breaking ability and a wide range of effective pressure relief, and has been widely used.
  • due to the increase of coal mining depth the influence of factors such as the increase of ground stress and the increase of coal rock firmness coefficient, the ability of water jet slotting to break coal has declined, which seriously restricts the influence range of water jet slotting pressure relief.
  • abrasives are added to high-pressure water to increase the striking force of water jets and increase the slit radius of water jets.
  • most of the existing abrasive jet sand adding devices are installed in the middle of the high-pressure transmission pipeline.
  • the abrasive tank is used in the high-pressure water transmission process to bring the abrasive to the high-pressure water transmission pipeline for mixing and transmission.
  • the jet cuts the coal body to increase the depth of the kerf.
  • the above-mentioned abrasive jet sanding device mixes abrasives and high-pressure water in the same transmission pipeline for transmission.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rear-mounted dual-channel abrasive jet slitting device to realize high-pressure water
  • the dual-channel transmission of the abrasive and the abrasive prevents the abrasion of the abrasive on the high-pressure transmission pipeline and the drilling tool under the action of high-pressure water, so as to prolong the service life of the device.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a rear-mounted dual-channel abrasive jet slit device including an ultra-high pressure water jet supply system and an abrasive supply system
  • the ultra-high pressure water jet supply system is used to provide a continuous high-pressure water jet power source
  • the abrasive supply system provides abrasive Transmission, by mixing abrasives into the high-pressure abrasive jet formed by the water jet power source to slit, and enhance the striking force of slit.
  • the ultra-high pressure water jet supply system consists of an ultra-high pressure clean water pump connected by an ultra-high pressure hose and an ultra-high pressure rotating water tail.
  • the abrasive supply system includes a connected abrasive tank and an injection pump, the abrasive tank is provided with a pressure cover, the abrasive tank is connected with an abrasive transmission hose, and the abrasive transmission hose is far away from the One end of the above-mentioned abrasive tank is provided with an abrasive rotary sealing water tail.
  • the abrasive rotary sealing water tail includes the outer wall of the water tail, and the inner wall of the water tail outer wall separates the high-pressure water channel of the water tail and the abrasive material channel of the water tail.
  • a sealed rotating body is provided in the outer card slot through a sealed bearing, and an abrasive feeding hole connected to the water tail abrasive channel is provided on the sealed rotating outer card slot, and a water tail abrasive transmission hole is provided at the end of the water tail abrasive channel.
  • abrasive feed holes there are six abrasive feed holes symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the water tail.
  • the ultra-high pressure water jet supply system and the abrasive supply system mix abrasives and water jet power sources through a double-channel sealed drill pipe;
  • the inner wall of the rod separates the drill pipe abrasive passage connected to the abrasive supply system and the drill pipe high-pressure water passage connected to the ultra-high pressure water jet supply system; the end of the drill pipe abrasive passage is provided with a drill pipe abrasive transmission hole.
  • the ultra-high pressure water jet supply system and the abrasive supply system perform slotting through a dual-channel slotting device
  • the dual-channel slotting device includes an outer wall of the slotting device, and the outer wall of the slotting device passes through
  • the inner wall separates the caulking abrasive channel and the caulking high-pressure water channel;
  • the end of the caulking abrasive channel is provided with a caulking abrasive transmission hole, and the caulking high-pressure water channel is provided with a penetrating caulking abrasive
  • the nozzle of the channel is provided with a nozzle abrasive transmission hole on one end of the nozzle located in the high-pressure water channel of the slotter, and a nozzle hole is provided on one end of the nozzle arranged on the outer wall of the slotter.
  • a decompression baffle is provided at the end of the high-pressure water channel of the slotter, and the decompression baffle is set in the high-pressure water channel of the slotter through a spring.
  • a total of 4 abrasive transmission holes of the slotter are arranged at the connection between the outer wall of the slotter and the inner wall of the slotter, arranged symmetrically in a ring.
  • two abrasive transmission holes in the nozzle are symmetrically distributed on the nozzle.
  • the invention provides a rear-mounted dual-channel abrasive jet slitting device and its use method, through the innovative invention of abrasive tanks, injection pumps, pressure caps, abrasive transmission hoses, abrasive rotary sealing water tails, dual-channel sealed drill rods, and dual-channel
  • the main components such as slotting device realize the dual-channel supply of ultra-high pressure water and abrasive sand of high-pressure abrasive jet. Compared with the traditional abrasive jet device, it avoids the transmission of abrasive sand in the high-pressure water transmission pipeline, and prolongs the service life of the high-pressure hose and drilling tools.
  • the pressure and mixing ratio of the abrasive jet can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the pressure of the ultra-high pressure clean water pump and injection pump, which is convenient for on-site personnel to control the cutting effect.
  • Abrasive supply is realized by pressurizing the injection pump, which can effectively avoid the phenomenon of abrasive plugging.
  • the method for using the rear-mounted dual-channel abrasive jet slit device provided by the present invention simplifies the traditional abrasive jet operation process, reduces the labor intensity of personnel, and has high field promotion value.
  • Fig. 1 is the device structure schematic diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the abrasive rotary seal water tail
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-channel sealed drill pipe
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-channel slotter in the state of jet flow.
  • Figures 1 to 4 disclose a rear-mounted dual-channel abrasive jet slitting device, which can realize separate transmission of high-pressure water and abrasive dual-channel, and can avoid serious wear and tear on the high-pressure transmission pipeline during the mixed transmission process.
  • It mainly includes I ultra-high pressure water jet supply system and II abrasive supply system.
  • I The ultra-high pressure water jet supply system improves the continuous water jet power source, and the II abrasive supply system provides abrasive transmission, which is mixed at the front end of the slotter to form a high-pressure abrasive jet to enhance the striking force of the water jet.
  • I Ultra-high pressure water jet supply system includes ultra-high pressure water pump 1-1, ultra-high pressure hose 1-2, ultra-high pressure rotating tail 1-3, ultra-high pressure water pump 1-1 and ultra-high pressure rotating water tail 1-3 through the ultra-high pressure
  • the hose 1-2 is matched and connected;
  • II abrasive supply system includes abrasive tank 2-1, injection pump 2-2, pressure cover 2-3, abrasive transmission hose 2-4, abrasive rotary seal water tail 2-5, abrasive tank 2-1 is matched and connected with the abrasive rotary seal water tail 2-5 through the abrasive rotary seal water tail 2-5;
  • the ultra-high pressure rotary seal water tail 1-3 is matched and connected with the abrasive rotary seal water tail 2-5, and the side away from the ultra-high pressure clean water pump is matched sequentially Connect the double-channel sealed drill pipe 2-6, the double-channel slotter 2-7, and the drill bit 2-8 and install them on the drilling
  • the ultra-high pressure clean water pump 1-1 can provide 100MPa high-pressure water, the ultra-high pressure hose 1-2 bears a pressure ⁇ 160MPa, and the ultra-high pressure rotating water tail 1-3 bears a pressure ⁇ 160Mpa; the volume of the abrasive tank 2-1 ⁇ 100L, The height-to-diameter ratio is 6:1, and the pressure is 30MPa.
  • the power of the injection pump 2-2 is 5KW, and the pump pressure is 15MPa.
  • Abrasive transmission hoses 2-4 are steel wire wound rubber hoses with a pipe diameter of 32mm and a pressure of 30MPa; the particle size of the abrasive sand is ⁇ 80 mesh, and the sand-water ratio of the mixture in the abrasive tank is 2:1; the abrasive rotary seal water tail can be Abrasive sand rotary dynamic sealing is realized, and the bearing pressure is ⁇ 160MPa.
  • the abrasive rotary sealed water tail structure includes a water tail outer wall 2-5a, a water tail inner wall 2-5b, a sealed rotating body 2-5c, a sealing groove outside the rotating body 2-5d, a sealed bearing 2-5e, an abrasive feeding hole 2-5f, Water tail abrasive transmission hole 2-5g, water tail abrasive channel 2-5h. Sealed bearings 2-5e are installed at both ends of the sealed rotating body 2-5c, and are inserted between the water tail outer wall 2-5a and the sealing groove 2-5d outside the sealed rotating body.
  • a total of 6 abrasive feeding holes 2-5f are arranged on both sides of the water tail inner wall 2-5b, which are symmetrically distributed, with a diameter of 10mm and a hole spacing of 100mm.
  • a total of 4 water tail abrasive transmission holes 2-5g are arranged symmetrically in rings at the joint between the water tail outer wall 2-5a and the water tail inner wall 2-5b, and the hole diameter is 5mm;
  • the structure of the double-channel sealed drill pipe includes a drill pipe outer wall 2-6a, a drill pipe inner wall 2-6b, a drill pipe abrasive passage 2-6c, a drill pipe abrasive transmission hole 2-6d, and a drill pipe high-pressure water passage 2-6e, A total of 4 drill pipe abrasive transmission holes 2-6d are arranged at the joint between the drill pipe outer wall 2-6a and the drill pipe inner wall 2-6b, arranged symmetrically in a ring with a diameter of 5mm.
  • the dual-channel sealed drill pipe can realize dual-channel sealed transmission of abrasive material and high-pressure water, and the bearing pressure is ⁇ 120MPa.
  • the dual-channel slotter has abrasive material and high-pressure water transmission channels, and the high-pressure water channel has a high-low pressure conversion function of water jets.
  • the abrasive In the high-pressure jet state, under the action of the abrasive pump pressure and the siphon action of the high-pressure water, the abrasive is ejected together with the high-pressure water jet to form an abrasive jet;
  • the structure of the dual-channel slotter is the slotter outer wall 2-7a, the slotter inner wall 2-7b, the slotter abrasive channel 2-7c, the slotter abrasive transmission hole 2-7d, the nozzle 2-7e, the nozzle Hole 2-7f, nozzle abrasive transmission hole 2-7g, slotter high-pressure water channel 2-7h, spring 2-7i, decompression baffle 2-7j, on the slotter outer wall 2-7a, slotter inner wall 2 A total of 4 slotter abrasive transmission holes 2-7d are arranged at the connection between -7b, which are arranged symmetrically in a ring with a diameter of 5mm.
  • the spring 2-7i and the decompression baffle 2-7j form a high-low pressure conversion control valve, and the conversion value is 15MPa.
  • the nozzle 2-7e has a nozzle hole 2-7f, a nozzle abrasive transmission hole 2-7g, the diameter of the nozzle hole 2-7f can be 2.5mm, and two nozzle abrasive transmission holes 2-7g are symmetrically distributed on the nozzle 2-7e cylinder , the aperture is 5mm.
  • the spring 2-7i and the decompression baffle 2-7j form a high-low pressure conversion control valve.
  • the threshold value of high-low pressure conversion can be set.
  • the conversion threshold can be 10MPa, 15MPa, 20Mpa, and the water supply pressure is lower than the high-low pressure.
  • the decompression baffle plate 2-7j is positioned at the rear end of the slotter during the converted threshold, and the water flow flows out from the front end.
  • Abrasive transmission hole 2-7g, nozzle hole 2-7f aperture can be 2.5mm, 3.0mm, 3.5mm.
  • Two nozzle abrasive transmission holes 2-7g are symmetrically distributed on the nozzle 2-7e cylinder, and the hole diameter is 5mm.
  • the using method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Drilling construction Connect the double-channel sealing drill pipe 2-6, the double-channel slotter 2-7, and the drill bit 2-8 in sequence. According to the drilling construction design plan, use the drilling rig to carry out atmospheric pressure water construction inside the coal seam to the designated position, and drill the hole After the construction is completed, the drill pipe will not be returned;

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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，属于煤层卸压增透领域。主要包括超高压清水泵、超高压软管、超高压旋转水尾、磨料泵注装置、磨料旋转密封水尾、双通道密封钻杆、双通道割缝器组成。超高压清水泵提供射流动力源，超高压软管、超高压旋转水尾、双通道密封钻杆确保高压水安全传输；由磨料泵注装置、磨料旋转密封水尾、双通道密封钻杆、双通道割缝器组成磨料加砂通道，实现高压水传输与磨料传输分离双通道供给。创新发明双通道磨料射流割缝装置，避免磨料与高压水混合传输过程中对于高压软管及钻具的磨损。同时，避免了高压水的沿程压力损失，极大地提升了高压水射流割缝破煤能力，又延长设备的使用寿命。

Description

一种后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置 技术领域
本发明属于煤层卸压增透领域，涉及一种后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置。
背景技术
煤层卸压增透是煤岩瓦斯动力灾害防控的有效手段之一。近年来，随着煤矿灾害防治技术及装备的发展，水力化措施成为煤层卸压增透的主要技术手段之一。特别是，水力割缝技术破煤能力强、有效卸压范围广，得到广泛应用。但是，由于煤矿开采深度增加，受地应力增大、煤岩坚固性系数增大等因素影响，水射流割缝破煤能力有所下降，严重制约了水射流割缝卸压影响范围。
近年来，为了提升水射流割缝的影响范围，通过在高压水中添加磨料的方式，增加水射流的打击力，增大水射流的割缝半径。目前，现有的磨料射流加砂装置多为在高压传输管路中部加装磨料罐的方式，利用高压水传输过程中动能将磨料带到高压水传输管路中混合传输，在喷嘴处一并喷射对煤体进行切割以提高割缝深度。但是上述磨料射流加砂装置是将磨料和高压水混合在同一传输管道进行传输，在高压水的作用下加大了磨料对于高压软管、水尾、钻杆、割缝器等主要部件的磨损，严重影响装置的使用寿命，给现场操作人员带来安全隐患。因此，亟需研制一种高压水和磨料双通供给的磨料射流割缝装置，解决磨料在传输过程中对于高压传输管路的磨损，延长装置使用寿命。
发明内容
有鉴于此，针对煤矿磨料射流割缝装置对钻具磨损大、使用寿命短、沿程压力损失严重的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，实现高压水和磨料双通道传输，避免磨料在高压水作用下对于高压传输管路及钻具的磨损，以延长装置的使用寿命。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，包括超高压水射流供给系统及磨料供给系统，所述超高压水射流供给系统用于提供持续高压的水射流动力源，所述磨料供给系统提供磨料传输，通过将磨料混合入水射流动力源形成的高压磨料射流进行割缝，增强割缝打击力。
可选的，所述超高压水射流供给系统由超高压软管连接的超高压清水泵及超高压旋转水尾。
可选的，所述磨料供给系统包括相连通的磨料罐、注料泵，所述磨料罐上设有压力盖，所述磨料罐上连接有磨料传输软管，所述磨料传输软管远离所述磨料罐的一端设有磨料旋转密封水尾。
可选的，所述磨料旋转密封水尾包括水尾外壁，所述水尾外壁内部通过水尾内壁分隔出水尾高压水通道及水尾磨料通道，所述水尾外壁上设有密封旋转体外卡槽，所述密封旋转体外卡槽内通过密封轴承设有密封旋转体，所述密封旋转体外卡槽上设有连通至水尾磨料通道的磨料进料孔，所述水尾磨料通道的端部设有水尾磨料传输孔。
可选的，所述磨料进料孔在所述水尾内壁对称分布设置有6个。
可选的，所述超高压水射流供给系统及磨料供给系统通过双通道密封钻杆混合磨料及水射流动力源；所述双通道密封钻杆包括钻杆外壁，所述钻杆外壁内通过钻杆内壁分隔出连通磨料供给系统的钻杆磨料通道以及连通超高压水射流供给系统的钻杆高压水通道；所述钻杆磨料通道端部设有钻杆磨料传输孔。
可选的，所述超高压水射流供给系统及磨料供给系统通过双通道割缝器进行割缝，所述双通道割缝器包括割缝器外壁，所述割缝器外壁内通过割缝器内壁分隔出割缝器磨料通道以及割缝器高压水通道；所述割缝器磨料通道端部设有割缝器磨料传输孔，所述割缝器高压水通道上设有贯穿割缝器磨料通道的喷嘴，所述喷嘴位于所述割缝器高压水通道内的一端上设有喷嘴磨料传输孔，所述喷嘴设置在所述割缝器外壁的一端上设有喷嘴孔。
可选的，所述割缝器高压水通道端部设有减压挡板，所述减压挡板通过弹簧设置在割缝器高压水通道内。
可选的，所述割缝器磨料传输孔在割缝器外壁、割缝器内壁之间连接处共设置4个，呈环形对称布置。
可选的，所述喷嘴磨料传输孔在喷嘴上对称分布设置2个。
本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明提供了一种后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置及使用方法，通过创新发明磨料罐、注料泵、压力盖、磨料传输软管、磨料旋转密封水尾、双通道密封钻杆、双通道割缝器等主要部件，实现了高压磨料射流的超高压水与磨料砂双通道供给。相较于传统的磨料射流装置，避免了磨料砂在高压水传输管路中的传输，对于高压软管及钻具的磨损，延长使用寿命。同时，避免了高压水的沿程压力损失，增大了磨料射流的冲击力，提高破煤能力，增大割缝半径。通过调节超高压清水泵、注料泵压力可灵活控制磨料射流的压力和混合比，便于现场人员控制割缝效果。通过注料泵增压实现磨料供给，可有效避免磨料堵孔现象。本发明提供的 后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置使用方法，简化了传统磨料射流操作流程，降低人员劳动强度，具有较高的现场推广价值。
本发明的其他优点、目标和特征在某种程度上将在随后的说明书中进行阐述，并且在某种程度上，基于对下文的考察研究对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的，或者可以从本发明的实践中得到教导。本发明的目标和其他优点可以通过下面的说明书来实现和获得。
附图说明
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明作优选的详细描述，其中：
图1为本发明的装置结构示意图；
图2为磨料旋转密封水尾结构示意图；
图3为双通道密封钻杆结构示意图；
图4为射流状态下双通道割缝器结构示意图。
附图标记：超高压清水泵1-1、超高压软管1-2、超高压旋转水尾1-3、磨料罐2-1、注料泵2-2、压力盖2-3、磨料传输软管2-4、磨料旋转密封水尾2-5、双通道密封钻杆2-6、双通道割缝器2-7、钻头2-8、水尾外壁2-5a、水尾内壁2-5b、密封旋转体2-5c、密封旋转体外卡槽2-5d、e密封轴承2-5、磨料进料孔2-5f、水尾磨料传输孔2-5g、水尾磨料通道2-5h、水尾高压水通道2-5i、钻杆外壁2-6a、钻杆内壁2-6b、钻杆磨料通道2-6c、钻杆磨料传输孔2-6d、钻杆高压水通道2-6e、割缝器外壁2-7a、割缝器内壁2-7b、割缝器磨料通道2-7c、割缝器磨料传输孔2-7d、喷嘴2-7e、喷嘴孔2-7f、喷嘴磨料传输孔2-7g、割缝器高压水通道2-7h、弹簧2-7i、减压挡板2-7j。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。需要说明的是，以下实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本构想，在不冲突的情况下，以下实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
其中，附图仅用于示例性说明，表示的仅是示意图，而非实物图，不能理解为对本发明的限制；为了更好地说明本发明的实施例，附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际产品的尺寸；对本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理 解的。
本发明实施例的附图中相同或相似的标号对应相同或相似的部件；在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，若有术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此附图中描述位置关系的用语仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本发明的限制，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
请参阅图1～图4，公开了一种后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，可实现高压水和磨料双通道分离传输，可避免混合传输过程对高压传输管路磨损严重等问题。主要包括Ⅰ超高压水射流供给系统、Ⅱ磨料供给系统。Ⅰ超高压水射流供给系统提高持续水射流动力源，Ⅱ磨料供给系统提供磨料传输，在割缝器前端混合形成高压磨料射流，增强水射流的打击力。Ⅰ超高压水射流供给系统包括超高压清水泵1-1、超高压软管1-2、超高压旋转水尾1-3，超高压清水泵1-1与超高压旋转水尾1-3通过超高压软管1-2匹配连通；Ⅱ磨料供给系统包括磨料罐2-1、注料泵2-2、压力盖2-3、磨料传输软管2-4、磨料旋转密封水尾2-5，磨料罐2-1与磨料旋转密封水尾2-5通过磨料旋转密封水尾2-5匹配连通；超高压旋转水尾1-3与磨料旋转密封水尾2-5匹配联通，在于远离超高压清水泵一侧依次匹配连接双通道密封钻杆2-6、双通道割缝器2-7、钻头2-8安装在钻机上。
所述超高压清水泵1-1可提供100MPa高压水，超高压软管1-2承压≥160MPa，超高压旋转水尾1-3承压≥160Mpa；所述磨料罐2-1容积≤100L，高径比为6：1，承压30MPa。注料泵2-2功率为5KW，泵压为15MPa。磨料传输软管2-4为钢丝缠绕胶管，管径为32mm，承压为30MPa；磨料砂粒径≤80目，磨料罐内混合体砂水比为2：1；所述磨料旋转密封水尾可实现磨料砂旋转动密封，承压≥160MPa。
所述磨料旋转密封水尾结构包括水尾外壁2-5a、水尾内壁2-5b、密封旋转体2-5c、密封旋转体外卡槽2-5d、密封轴承2-5e、磨料进料孔2-5f、水尾磨料传输孔2-5g、水尾磨料通道2-5h。密封旋转体2-5c两端安装密封轴承2-5e，卡嵌于水尾外壁2-5a、密封旋转体外卡槽2-5d之间。在水尾内壁2-5b两侧共设置6个磨料进料孔2-5f呈对称分布，直径为10mm，孔间距100mm。在水尾外壁2-5a与水尾内壁2-5b之间连接处共设置4个水尾磨料传输孔2-5g环形呈对称布置，孔径为5mm；
所述双通道密封钻杆的结构包括钻杆外壁2-6a、钻杆内壁2-6b、钻杆磨料通道2-6c、钻杆磨料传输孔2-6d、钻杆高压水通道2-6e，在钻杆外壁2-6a与钻杆内壁2-6b之间连接处共 设置4个钻杆磨料传输孔2-6d，呈环形对称布置，孔径为5mm。所述双通道密封钻杆可实现磨料和高压水双通道密封传输，承压≥120MPa。
所述双通道割缝器具有磨料和高压水传输通道，在高压水通道具有水射流高低压转化功能。处于高压射流状态时，在磨料泵压作用和高压水的虹吸作用下，磨料随高压水射流一并喷出形成磨料射流；
所述双通道割缝器结构为割缝器外壁2-7a、割缝器内壁2-7b、割缝器磨料通道2-7c、割缝器磨料传输孔2-7d、喷嘴2-7e、喷嘴孔2-7f、喷嘴磨料传输孔2-7g、割缝器高压水通道2-7h、弹簧2-7i、减压挡板2-7j，在割缝器外壁2-7a、割缝器内壁2-7b之间连接处共设置4个割缝器磨料传输孔2-7d，呈环形对称布置，孔径5mm。弹簧2-7i、减压挡板2-7j形成高低压转换控制阀，转换值为15MPa。喷嘴2-7e具有喷嘴孔2-7f、喷嘴磨料传输孔2-7g，喷嘴孔2-7f孔径可为2.5mm，喷嘴磨料传输孔2-7g在喷嘴2-7e柱体上对称分布设置2个，孔径为5mm。
弹簧2-7i、减压挡板2-7j形成高低压转换控制阀，通过选择不同规格的弹簧，可设置高低压转换的阈值，转换阈值可为10MPa、15MPa、20Mpa，供水水压低于高低压转换的阀值时减压挡板2-7j位于割缝器后端，水流从前端流出。水压超高阀值时减压挡板2-7j压值被推至前端，关闭前端出水，水流全部从喷嘴2-7e喷出形成高压射流；喷嘴2-7e具有喷嘴孔2-7f、喷嘴磨料传输孔2-7g，喷嘴孔2-7f孔径可为2.5mm、3.0mm、3.5mm。喷嘴磨料传输孔2-7g在喷嘴2-7e柱体上对称分布设置2个，孔径为5mm。
本发明的使用方法，包括以下步骤：
a.钻孔施工。依次连接双通道密封钻杆2-6、双通道割缝器2-7、钻头2-8，按照钻孔施工设计方案，利用钻机在煤层内部进行常压水施工打钻至指定位置，钻孔施工完毕后不退钻杆；
b.装置连接。使用超高压软管1-2将超高压清水泵1-1与超高压旋转水尾1-3匹配连通；将超高压旋转水尾1-3与磨料旋转密封水尾2-5连接，然后安装至双通道密封钻杆2-6；使用磨料传输软管2-4将磨料旋转密封水尾2-5与磨料罐2-1匹配连通。
c.割缝施工。首选，在进行磨料射流割缝前打开压力盖2-3向磨料罐2-1添加磨料砂和水，砂水比为2：1，加满磨料后拧紧压力盖2-3。然后，开启超高压清水泵1-1，调压至30MPa进行调压测试，缓慢增加压力。待孔口反水正常后，开启注料泵将压力升至15MPa。待注料泵压力稳定后，调节超高压清水泵1-1调压至60～100MPa进行磨料射流割缝，保持10～15min。单刀割缝完毕后，关闭注料泵，将超高压清水泵1-1降压至5MPa保持2～3min。钻孔孔口返水正常后，关闭超高压清水泵1-1。在孔内退钻，依次按照上述步骤完成钻孔割缝作业。
d.装置清洗。钻孔割缝完毕后，向磨料罐2-1注入清水，并拧紧压力盖2-3。然后，开启注料泵将压力升至5MPa保持2min，将磨料罐2-1、磨料旋转密封水尾2-5、双通道密封钻杆2-6、双通道割缝器2-7内残余磨料清洗干净。清洗过后，关闭注料泵。依次拆下各部件，放置至指定位置进行妥善保管，结束割缝作业。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，其特征在于：包括超高压水射流供给系统及磨料供给系统，所述超高压水射流供给系统用于提供持续高压的水射流动力源，所述磨料供给系统提供磨料传输，通过将磨料混合入水射流动力源形成的高压磨料射流进行割缝，增强割缝打击力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，其特征在于：所述超高压水射流供给系统由超高压软管连接的超高压清水泵及超高压旋转水尾。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，其特征在于：所述磨料供给系统包括相连通的磨料罐、注料泵，所述磨料罐上设有压力盖，所述磨料罐上连接有磨料传输软管，所述磨料传输软管远离所述磨料罐的一端设有磨料旋转密封水尾。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，其特征在于：所述磨料旋转密封水尾包括水尾外壁，所述水尾外壁内部通过水尾内壁分隔出水尾高压水通道及水尾磨料通道，所述水尾外壁上设有密封旋转体外卡槽，所述密封旋转体外卡槽内通过密封轴承设有密封旋转体，所述密封旋转体外卡槽上设有连通至水尾磨料通道的磨料进料孔，所述水尾磨料通道的端部设有水尾磨料传输孔。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，其特征在于：所述磨料进料孔在所述水尾内壁对称分布设置有6个。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，其特征在于：所述超高压水射流供给系统及磨料供给系统通过双通道密封钻杆混合磨料及水射流动力源；所述双通道密封钻杆包括钻杆外壁，所述钻杆外壁内通过钻杆内壁分隔出连通磨料供给系统的钻杆磨料通道以及连通超高压水射流供给系统的钻杆高压水通道；所述钻杆磨料通道端部设有钻杆磨料传输孔。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，其特征在于：所述超高压水射流供给系统及磨料供给系统通过双通道割缝器进行割缝，所述双通道割缝器包括割缝器外壁，所述割缝器外壁内通过割缝器内壁分隔出割缝器磨料通道以及割缝器高压水通道；所述割缝器磨料通道端部设有割缝器磨料传输孔，所述割缝器高压水通道上设有贯穿割缝器磨料通道的喷嘴，所述喷嘴位于所述割缝器高压水通道内的一端上设有喷嘴磨料传输孔，所述喷嘴设置在所述割缝器外壁的一端上设有喷嘴孔。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，其特征在于：所述割缝器高压水通道端部设有减压挡板，所述减压挡板通过弹簧设置在割缝器高压水通道内。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，其特征在于：所述割缝器磨 料传输孔在割缝器外壁、割缝器内壁之间连接处共设置4个，呈环形对称布置。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的后置式双通道磨料射流割缝装置，其特征在于：所述喷嘴磨料传输孔在喷嘴上对称分布设置2个。
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