WO2023055333A2

WO2023055333A2 - Vertical turbine with 360-degree moving propellers

Info

Publication number: WO2023055333A2
Application number: PCT/TR2022/051065
Authority: WO
Inventors: Fatih Bugrahan YORGUN; Oral YAGCI; Murat Aksel
Original assignee: Istanbul Teknik Universitesi; Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Universitesi
Priority date: 2021-10-01
Filing date: 2022-09-30
Publication date: 2023-04-06
Also published as: WO2023055333A3

Abstract

The invention is related to a vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees for less exposure to the negative drag force. The efficiency of the vertical turbine is increased through the turbine blades that can move mechanically thanks to the geneva wheel.

Description

VERTICAL TURBINE WITH 360-DEGREE MOVING PROPELLERS

Technical Field

The invention is related to a vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees which is designed for diminishing the negative drag force.

Prior Art

There are two types of vertical axis turbines used in the prior art. One of these turbines is with static blade, and the other is movable blade.

Vertical axis static blade turbines, which are one of the static blade turbines, generate negative drag force (which reduce the efficiency of turbine) while half of the turbines being exposed flow in the opposite direction, i.e. favorable drag. The rotation stability of the turbine, which is formed by the positive drag forces produced by the blades rotating in the same direction as the flow weakens due to the losses arising from these blades in the direction opposite to the flow. This is a known weakness of the traditional static blade design.

Due to these weaknesses, the general problem of static blade turbines can be considered as not being efficient enough.

These problems have been attempted to be avoided through some features of the moving blade turbines. Examples of turbines that increase efficiency with moving blades are given below.

- Blades moving at limited angles in the X and Y axes,

- Blade turbines that move by using a motor,

- Turbines with limited angles on the Z axis,

- Turbines with complex movement systems, are various examples of moving blade turbines that reduce the negative drag force.

Moving blade turbines are often inefficient owing to inadequate mobility or unsustainable because of their sophisticated motion mechanisms. Since turbines with moving blades, which has limitied ability of move, do not reduce the friction force sufficiently, energy efficiency is low.

One of the challenging problems of vertical-axis turbines is that all blades do not produce torque at a given moment , the blade that produces instantaneous torque drags the other blades. For the rotational action to continue efficiently in the previous systems, exposure to different drag forces in different regions around the turbine was ensured by the design of the blades. Therefore, the resulting drag forces are limited by blade designs and material properties. These limits substantially affect turbine efficiency.

Turbines designed with moving blades in previous systems accommodate blades moving at limited angles in X, Y, and Z axes. The efficiency obtained as a result of this limited movement is slightly greater than the energy loss due to the moving system. Intricately designed blade movement systems are not sustainable due to manufacturing difficulties and future maintenance costs. In addition, since the effect of material and blade design on turbine efficiency cannot be reduced sufficiently in such semi-mobile systems, the efficiency remains highly dependent on these two parameters.

Thus, the technology for the vertical turbine with movable blades has undergone a number of refinements.

In the Patent document number W02014104990A1 in the known state of the art, the aim is to create a y-axis wind turbine that can continuously transfer the linear movement of the wind to the axial movement and get the maximum benefit from this circular movement in the unit area. It has a part inside that can read the current wind speed and send it to the middle bevel gear via the servo motor. By turning the middle bevel gear together, it can reach the ideal "n" position environment defined in the middle bevel gear. In the Patent document with the number of CA2837836A1 in the known state of the art, a vertical water turbine with small free blades on blades is mentioned. There are blades with one side fixed and the other side free-shifting in the water flow.

The US5193978A patent document, which describes the present state of the art, describes a vertical water turbine having tiny free blades on the blades. There is a system that includes a tilt and curve control mechanism.

Examining the current methodologies for vertical turbines with rotating blades revealed the necessity for a vertical turbine with efficient, 360-degree revolving, 360-degree rotating blades along the X-axis.

Objects and Brief Description of the Invention

The object of the invention is to design a vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees.

Another object of the invention is to design a vertical turbine without a motor, with blades that move without the need for energy and with a simple rotation mechanism.

The key difference between the designed turbine and other vertical turbines is the blade design which can rotate 360 degrees. With this rotation, an increase in efficiency is provided. The blade rotation system of the designed turbine has been designed to maintain this efficiency sustainably. With the simple rotation system, the blades can be rotated without a motor.

Detailed Description of the Invention

The vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees objects is shown in the attached figures.

In these figures;

Figure 1: is the side view of the vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees.

Figure 2: is the perspective view of the vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees. Figure 3: is a detailed view of the rotation mechanism of the vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees.

Figure 4: is the view of the geneva wheel contained in the vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees.

Figure 5: is the view of the conical gear contained in the vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees.

The elements in the figures have been numbered individually, and the corresponding descriptions are given below.

1. Turbine body

2. Turbine blades

3. Conical gear

4. Sliding gear

5. Geneva wheel

6. Body bearings

7. Blade bearings

The invention is a vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees, comprising

The turbine body (1), which forms the main body for the whole structure,

Turbine blades (2) extending along the radial directions around the turbine body (1), Conical gear (3) that is located on the turbine body (1),

The sliding gear (4), which moves on the conical gear (3) and enables the turbine blades (2) to be rotated around the related directions during their movement around the turbine body (1),

The geneva wheel (5), which enables to transfer of the rotation to the turbine blades (2) of 360 degrees around mechanically related directions from the sliding gear (4) to the turbine blades gradually,

The body bearings (5) help the turbine body (1) rotate,

The blade bearings (6) help the turbine blades (2) rotate 360 degrees. The creation of vertical turbines is intended to create energy in water or airflow environments. It features a rotatable turbine body (1) that interacts with the current and is coupled to the turbine blades (2) and the rotation mechanism.

With the turbine offered here as an innovation, a remedy to the prior art's efficiency issue is provided. By turning the turbine's blades (2) through a full 360 degrees, the drag force imposed by the exposed blades (2) varies significantly locally around the turbine. The transformation does not rely on the construction's components or the materials used.

The turbine blades (2) that can rotate 360 degrees rotate 90 degrees every 180 degrees around the turbine, and are exposed to almost “zero” drag force in the negative (unfavorable) drag region. These blades can be subjected to the maximum possible forces in the positive drag regions depending on their areas. The turbine blades (2) rotate 90 degrees in each semi-circle motion of the turbine. Geneva wheels (5) and conical gears (3), both of which are simple, effective, efficient, and sustainable, are used to accomplish this rotation. This straightforward technique for rotation ensures that the gains in efficiency from the rotation process are maintained, cutting down on operational and long-term expenses. First and foremost, efficiency constraints associated with material and wing design constraints are eliminated.

In the rotation mechanism, the turbine blade (2) is moved by the geneva wheel (5), which is coupled to the turbine blade (2) on one side and the wheels on the other side. It rotates the turbine blade (2) 90 degrees every time when the turbine rotates 180 degrees. In addition, it ensures that the turbine blade (2) remains fixed after the rotation.

With the suggested invention, the efficiency of the previously used vertical turbines is improved without jeopardizing sustainability. Simple installation, availability in urban areas, and low maintenance requirements, which are among the important advantages of vertical axis turbines, are maintained. It has the potential to meet local energy needs, especially in regions with unidirectional flows.

The conical gear (3) rotates around the turbine body (1) and enables the geneva wheel (5) to rotate. The fact that the turbine body (1) rotates depending on the blade rotation speed and this situation ensures that the geneva wheel (5) works efficiently even in unsteady flow conditions. The conical gear (3) transfers the movement to the geneva wheel (5) with the sliding gear (4) and enables the turbine blades (2) to rotate.

With the invention, it can produce a drag force close to 0 in the negative regions and as much as possible in the positive regions around the turbine. To achieve this effect, a system is designed in which the turbine blades (2) rotate 90 degrees around their axis in each semi-circle motion of the turbine. In the positive region, where the drag force is favorable, turbine blades (2) become perpendicular to the ground to increase the projected area of interaction with the flow. In contrast, in the negative region, they are parallel to the ground, eliminating unfavorable drag forces.

While the turbine blades (2) being perpendicular and near perpendicular to the ground have the potential to generate significant drag force at their 60, 90, and 120-degree positions. With the increasing angle of the blades (it becomes gradually parallel to the ground), even in these efficient positions (60, 90, and 120 degrees), there is a dramatic decrease in the drag force. It is seen that in the part, where turbine movement in the direction opposite to the flow is present, the fact that these blades are closed will contribute to the efficiency of the turbine.

In the system of the invention, it has been determined that while the turbine blades (2) moving in the same direction with the flow remain open in the range of 0-180 degrees, the blades should remain closed in the 180-360 degrees range where the blade movement is in the opposite direction to the flow.

The efficiency obtained due to the reasons explained above is maintained by the mechanism of the geneva wheel (5) and the conical gear (3) system. Basically, the working mechanism of the turbine is based upon obtaining efficiency by avoiding the exerting the energy gained from the movement of the turbine blades (2) for the blade closing mechanism.

Thanks to the body bearings (6) on the top and bottom of the system, the turbine body (1) and the mechanisms thereon rotate freely. The blade bearings (7) work between the turbine blades (2) and the turbine body (1) so that the turbine blades (2) can rotate freely.

Claims

CLAIMS The invention is related to the vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees, comprising

A turbine body (1), which forms the main body for the whole structure,

Turbine blades (2) extending along radial directions around the turbine body (1), characterized in that it comprises

A conical gear (3) that is located on the turbine body (1),

A sliding gear (4), which moves on the conical gear (3) and enables the turbine blades (2) to be rotated around the relevant directions during their movement around the turbine body (1),

A geneva wheel (5), which mechanically enables to transfer of the rotational movement of the turbine blades (2) of 360 degrees around related directions from the sliding gear (4) to the turbine blades in steps. The vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the body bearings (6) that help the turbine body (1) rotate. The vertical turbine with blades that can rotate 360 degrees according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the blade bearings (7) that help the turbine blades (2) rotate in 360 degrees.

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