WO2023052215A1 - Oxidation protection layer for engine pistons made of steel or an iron-based alloy - Google Patents
Oxidation protection layer for engine pistons made of steel or an iron-based alloy Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023052215A1 WO2023052215A1 PCT/EP2022/076178 EP2022076178W WO2023052215A1 WO 2023052215 A1 WO2023052215 A1 WO 2023052215A1 EP 2022076178 W EP2022076178 W EP 2022076178W WO 2023052215 A1 WO2023052215 A1 WO 2023052215A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- titanate
- piston
- layer
- composition
- zirconate
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PGTXKIZLOWULDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Zn] Chemical compound [Mg].[Zn] PGTXKIZLOWULDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ITNVWQNWHXEMNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanolate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C ITNVWQNWHXEMNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000611 Zinc aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007746 Zr—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] BSDOQSMQCZQLDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- BCWYYHBWCZYDNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ol;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].CC(C)O.CC(C)O.CC(C)O.CC(C)O BCWYYHBWCZYDNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003698 tetramethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
- C23C18/1216—Metal oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1262—Process of deposition of the inorganic material involving particles, e.g. carbon nanotubes [CNT], flakes
- C23C18/127—Preformed particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1295—Process of deposition of the inorganic material with after-treatment of the deposited inorganic material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
- F16J1/01—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers characterised by the use of particular materials
Definitions
- Anti-oxidation layer for engine pistons made of steel or an iron-based alloy
- the present invention relates to a coating for an engine piston made of steel or another iron-based alloy, the oxidation and possibly. reduces or prevents corrosion of the piston.
- Another way to reduce oxidation is to use special alloys with high chromium and nickel content.
- alloys are expensive and make surface treatment, such as manganese phosphating, more difficult.
- the application of a galvanic protective layer or a ceramic sprayed layer is complicated and associated with high costs.
- US Pat. No. 8,6288,827 describes a coating for metal parts which is intended to protect the surface from atmospheric corrosion at room temperature.
- the coating is obtained by applying a titanate or zirconate-containing composition and curing.
- a small amount of zinc, aluminum or a zinc-aluminum alloy can be added to the composition.
- the use of this coating for pistons in internal combustion engines or other parts that are exposed to high temperatures of up to 550° C. is not disclosed.
- a layer to the piston which can be obtained from a composition containing a titanate or a zirconate and which contains at least one metal pigment.
- a layer obtainable by means of a titanate or a zirconate can be improved if a metal pigment is added to this layer. In this way a layer is obtained which is suitable for the piston of an internal combustion engine.
- FIG. 1 shows micrographs of a coated and an uncoated piston after an engine running test.
- the invention consequently relates to a piston, in particular a piston for an internal combustion engine, made of steel or another iron-based alloy, with a layer that is obtainable from a titanate- or zirconate-containing composition being applied to at least one area of the piston containing at least one metal pigment. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing this layer and its use to prevent high-temperature oxidation or Hot gas oxidation of the piston.
- a layer which can be obtained from a titanate-containing composition preference is given to a layer which can be obtained from a titanate-containing composition.
- the titanate or zirconate contained in the composition is used as a precursor.
- a layer based on Ti-O- or Zr-O units formed.
- This dissociation process can be initiated after application of a suitable composition by exposure to moisture, including atmospheric moisture, or by the introduction of energy, for example by irradiation or heating. This dissociation process leads to hardening of the layer.
- the layer obtainable from the composition containing titanate or zirconate preferably contains 20 to 40 wt. -% titanium oxide or . 20 to 40 wt. -% zirconium oxide, based on the entire layer.
- the term "fully cured” refers on a layer that is obtained by applying with a spray gun and then heating in the oven at about 250 ° C for 30 minutes.
- the titanate or zirconate molecules "shrink" as a result of the partial or complete elimination of the organic residues, so that the layer produced can have cracks and pores. This leads to problems with the cohesion of the layer.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently H or an organic radical; preferably H, a phenyl group or a C1-C6 alkyl group; and particularly preferably a phenyl group or a C1-C4 alkyl group.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may optionally have substituents, but they are preferably unsubstituted groups.
- M represents Ti or Zr, preferably Ti.
- n represents a natural number, preferably 1 to 4.
- a titanate which is selected from the group consisting of tetramethyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate, tetrabutyl titanate and tetraphenyl titanate.
- the zirconate is preferably selected from the group consisting of tetramethyl zirconate, tetraisopropyl zirconate, tetrabutyl zirconate and tetraphenyl zirconate.
- titanates and zirconates can also be used in the form of chelate complexes.
- At least one metal pigment is contained in the layer obtainable by means of the composition containing titanate or zirconate.
- Alloys based on zinc, magnesium or aluminum are particularly suitable as the metal pigment.
- Aluminum-magnesium and zinc-magnesium alloys are preferred.
- the metal pigment is used, for example, in the form of a powder, preferably a powder with a particle diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the layer according to the invention preferably has a thickness in the range from 5 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m, in particular 10 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the layer according to the invention can also be part of a multi-layer system. D. H .
- further layers can be applied to the piston in order to influence different properties of the piston. These layers can be applied under or on top of the layer according to the invention.
- the layer according to the invention is suitable for all steels and iron-based alloys that are usually used in pistons for internal combustion engines.
- a piston with the layer according to the invention can be produced by means of a method which comprises the following steps: a) applying a composition comprising at least one titanate or zirconate of the general formula (I) to the piston; b) applying at least one metal pigment to the bulb; c ) partial or total dissociation of the titanate or zirconate ; and d) curing the composition.
- steps a) and b) can be carried out individually or together.
- the composition containing titanate or zirconate and the metal pigment are preferably applied together.
- the metal pigment is particularly preferably added to the composition containing titanate or zirconate before it is applied to the piston.
- the metal pigment can be used, for example, in the form of a powder or a paste.
- titanate or the zirconate dissociates as described and the layer hardens.
- the layer according to the invention By using the layer according to the invention, the high-temperature oxidation or Hot gas corrosion of the piston can be reduced.
- a composition containing a titanate and a zinc-magnesium alloy pigment was applied by spraying onto a 42CrMo4 piston. The composition was then heated in an oven at approx. 250 ° C cured for 30 minutes . The coated piston and an uncoated piston were subjected to an engine running test for 516 hours, with the engine being operated alternately for 30 minutes at full load and 2 minutes at idle.
- FIG. 1 Grinding images of the two pistons after the end of the test are shown in FIG. 1 shown .
- an oxidation layer with a thickness of approx. 43 gm formed .
- the high-temperature oxidation hot gas corrosion
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a coating for reducing the high-temperature oxidation of a piston for an internal combustion engine. This coating is obtained by means of a titanate-containing or zirconate-containing composition, at least one metal pigment being introduced into the coating.
Description
Oxidationsschutz-Schicht für Motorkolben aus Stahl oder einer eisenbasierten Legierung Anti-oxidation layer for engine pistons made of steel or an iron-based alloy
Technisches Gebiet technical field
Die vorliegende Erfindung betri f ft eine Beschichtung für einen Motorkolben aus Stahl oder einer anderen eisenbasierten Legierung, die die Oxidation und ggf . die Korrosion des Kolbens verringert oder verhindert . The present invention relates to a coating for an engine piston made of steel or another iron-based alloy, the oxidation and possibly. reduces or prevents corrosion of the piston.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Stahlkolben werden im Motor aufgrund ihrer geringeren Wärmeleitfähigkeit viel heißer als Aluminiumkolben . Dies hat zur Folge , dass an der Stahloberfläche verschiedene Reaktionen ausgelöst werden . So wird z . B . am Rand der Verbrennungsmulde im Kolbenboden eine Oxidschicht gebildet , die sich ablösen kann und dabei zu einer Verringerung der Materialschichtdicke an dieser Stelle führt . Im schlimmsten Fall bekommt der Kolben dadurch Risse , was zu einem Materialversagen führt . Steel pistons get much hotter in the engine than aluminum pistons due to their lower thermal conductivity. As a result, various reactions are triggered on the steel surface. So e.g. B. An oxide layer has formed on the edge of the combustion bowl in the piston crown, which can detach and lead to a reduction in the thickness of the material layer at this point. In the worst case, this will cause the piston to crack, leading to material failure.
Den Folgen dieser Oxidation kann bisher nur durch Maßnahmen begegnet werden, die teuer oder aus anderen Gründen nachteilig sind . Eine Möglichkeit besteht in einer verstärkten Dimensionierung des Kolbens , wodurch dieser schwerer wird . Speziell bei LVD-Kolben, d . h . bei Kolben für Dieselmotoren in PKW oder leichten Nutz fahrzeugen, ist j edoch ein geringes Gewicht des Kolbens vorteilhaft . So far, the consequences of this oxidation can only be countered by measures that are expensive or disadvantageous for other reasons. One possibility is to increase the size of the piston, making it heavier. Especially with LVD pistons, i . H . However, in the case of pistons for diesel engines in passenger cars or light commercial vehicles, a low weight of the piston is advantageous.
Eine andere Möglichkeit zur Verringerung der Oxidation ist die Verwendung von speziellen Legierungen mit hohem Chrom- und Nickelgehalt . Solche Legierungen sind j edoch teuer und
erschweren eine Oberflächenbehandlung, wie beispielsweise eine Manganphosphatierung . Auch das Aufbringen einer galvanischen Schutzschicht oder einer keramischen Spritzschicht ist aufwendig und mit hohen Kosten verbunden . Another way to reduce oxidation is to use special alloys with high chromium and nickel content. However, such alloys are expensive and make surface treatment, such as manganese phosphating, more difficult. The application of a galvanic protective layer or a ceramic sprayed layer is complicated and associated with high costs.
Daher gibt es ein Bedürfnis nach einer Beschichtung für Kolben aus Stahl bzw . einer anderen eisenbasierten Legierung, die zu einem guten Oxidationsschutz führt und die ggf . auch als Korrosionsschutz dienen kann . There is therefore a need for a coating for pistons made of steel or another iron-based alloy, which leads to good oxidation protection and which may can also serve as protection against corrosion.
US 8 , 6288 , 827 beschreibt eine Beschichtung für Metallteile, die die Oberfläche vor atmosphärischer Korrosion bei Raumtemperatur schützen soll . Die Beschichtung wird durch Aufbringen einer Titanat- oder Zirkonat-haltigen Zusammensetzung und Aushärten erhalten . Um der Beschichtung ein glänzendes Aussehen zu verleihen, kann der Zusammensetzung eine kleine Menge Zink, Aluminium oder einer Zink-Aluminium-Legierung zugesetzt werden . Der Einsatz dieser Beschichtung für Kolben von Verbrennungsmotoren oder anderen Teilen, die hohen Temperaturen von bis zu 550 ° C ausgesetzt werden, wird nicht of fenbart . US Pat. No. 8,6288,827 describes a coating for metal parts which is intended to protect the surface from atmospheric corrosion at room temperature. The coating is obtained by applying a titanate or zirconate-containing composition and curing. To give the coating a glossy appearance, a small amount of zinc, aluminum or a zinc-aluminum alloy can be added to the composition. The use of this coating for pistons in internal combustion engines or other parts that are exposed to high temperatures of up to 550° C. is not disclosed.
Überraschend hat sich nun gezeigt , dass das oben genannte Problem dadurch gelöst werden kann, dass auf den Kolben eine Schicht aufgebracht wird, die aus einer Zusammensetzung enthaltend ein Titanat oder ein Zirkonat erhältlich ist und die zumindest ein Metallpigment enthält . Insbesondere hat sich überraschend gezeigt , dass sich die Kohäsion einer mittels eines Titanats oder eines Zirkonats erhältlichen Schicht verbessern lässt , wenn dieser Schicht ein Metallpigment zugesetzt wird . Auf diese Weise wird eine Schicht erhalten die für den Kolben eines Verbrennungsmotors geeignet ist . Surprisingly, it has now been shown that the above-mentioned problem can be solved by applying a layer to the piston which can be obtained from a composition containing a titanate or a zirconate and which contains at least one metal pigment. In particular, it has surprisingly been shown that the cohesion of a layer obtainable by means of a titanate or a zirconate can be improved if a metal pigment is added to this layer. In this way a layer is obtained which is suitable for the piston of an internal combustion engine.
Kurze Beschreibung der Figuren :
In Fig . 1 zeigt Schli f fbilder eines beschichteten und eines unbeschichteten Kolbens nach einem Motorlauftest . Short description of the figures : In Fig. 1 shows micrographs of a coated and an uncoated piston after an engine running test.
Detaillierte Beschreibung der Erfindung Detailed description of the invention
Die Erfindung betri f ft folglich einen Kolben, insbesondere einen Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, aus Stahl oder einer anderen eisenbasierten Legierung, wobei zumindest auf einen Bereich des Kolbens eine Schicht aufgebracht ist , die aus einer Titanat- oder Zirkonat-haltigen Zusammensetzung erhältlich ist, und die zumindest ein Metallpigment enthält . Weiterhin betri f ft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Schicht sowie deren Verwendung zur Verhinderung der Hochtemperaturoxidation bzw . Heißgasoxidation des Kolbens . The invention consequently relates to a piston, in particular a piston for an internal combustion engine, made of steel or another iron-based alloy, with a layer that is obtainable from a titanate- or zirconate-containing composition being applied to at least one area of the piston containing at least one metal pigment. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing this layer and its use to prevent high-temperature oxidation or Hot gas oxidation of the piston.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist eine Schicht , die aus einer Titanat-haltigen Zusammensetzung erhältlich ist , bevorzugt . Within the scope of the invention, preference is given to a layer which can be obtained from a titanate-containing composition.
Bei der Erzeugung der erfindungsgemäßen Schicht wird das in der Zusammensetzung enthaltene Titanat oder Zirkonat als Präkursor eingesetzt . Durch teilweise oder vollständige Abspaltung ( Dissoziation) der organischen Reste , wird eine Schicht auf Basis von Ti-O- bzw . Zr-O-Einheiten gebildet . When producing the layer according to the invention, the titanate or zirconate contained in the composition is used as a precursor. By partially or completely eliminating (dissociation) the organic residues, a layer based on Ti-O- or Zr-O units formed.
Dieser Dissoziationsprozess kann nach dem Aufbringen einer geeigneten Zusammensetzung durch Einwirken von Feuchtigkeit , einschließlich atmosphärischer Feuchtigkeit, oder Einbringen von Energie , beispielsweise durch Bestrahlung oder Erwärmung, initiiert werden . Dieser Dissoziationsprozess führt zu einem Aushärten der Schicht . This dissociation process can be initiated after application of a suitable composition by exposure to moisture, including atmospheric moisture, or by the introduction of energy, for example by irradiation or heating. This dissociation process leads to hardening of the layer.
Bevorzugt enthält die aus der Titanat- oder Zirkonat-haltigen Zusammensetzung erhältliche Schicht im vollständig ausgehärtetem Zustand 20 bis 40 Gew . -% Titanoxid bzw . 20 bis 40 Gew . -% Zirkoniumoxid, bezogen auf die gesamte Schicht . Der Begri f f " im vollständig ausgehärteten Zustand" bezieht sich
dabei auf eine Schicht, die durch Applizieren mittels Sprühpistole und anschließendes Erwärmen im Ofen bei ca. 250°C für 30 Minuten erhalten wird. The layer obtainable from the composition containing titanate or zirconate preferably contains 20 to 40 wt. -% titanium oxide or . 20 to 40 wt. -% zirconium oxide, based on the entire layer. The term "fully cured" refers on a layer that is obtained by applying with a spray gun and then heating in the oven at about 250 ° C for 30 minutes.
Durch die teilweise oder vollständige Abspaltung der organischen Reste "schrumpfen" die Titanat- bzw. Zirkonat- Moleküle, so dass die erzeugte Schicht Risse und Poren aufweisen kann. Dies führt zu Problemen mit der Kohäsion der Schicht . The titanate or zirconate molecules "shrink" as a result of the partial or complete elimination of the organic residues, so that the layer produced can have cracks and pores. This leads to problems with the cohesion of the layer.
Es hat sich nun gezeigt, dass sich die Kohäsion deutlich verbessert, wenn man zumindest ein Metallpigment in die Beschichtung einbringt. Auf diese Weise ist eine Beschichtung erhältlich, die zu einem verbesserten Schutz des Kolbens vor Oxidation führt, so dass das der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Problem gelöst wird. It has now been shown that the cohesion improves significantly if at least one metal pigment is introduced into the coating. In this way, a coating can be obtained which leads to improved protection of the piston against oxidation, so that the problem on which the invention is based is solved.
Erfindungsgemäß wird als Titanat oder Zirkonat eineAccording to the invention as a titanate or zirconate
Verbindung der folgenden allgemeinen Formel (I) eingesetzt:
wobei R1, R2, R3 und R4 jeweils unabhängig voneinander H oder einen organischen Rest; bevorzugt H, eine Phenylgruppe oder eine C1-C6 Alkylgruppe; und besonders bevorzugt eine Phenylgruppe oder eine C1-C4 Alkylgruppe dar. R1, R2, R3 und R4 können ggf. Substituenten aufweisen, bevorzugt handelt es sich jedoch um unsubstituierte Gruppen. M stellt Ti oder Zr, bevorzugt Ti, dar. n stellt eine natürliche Zahl, bevorzugt 1 bis 4, dar.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird ein Titanat eingesetzt , das aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Tetramethyltitanat , Tetraisopropyltitanat , Tetrabutyltitanat und Tetraphenyltitanat ausgewählt ist . Das Zirkonat wird bevorzugt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Tetramethyl zirkonat , Tetraisopropyl zirkonat , Tetrabutyl zirkonat und Tetraphenyl zirkonat ausgewählt . Compound of the following general formula (I) used: where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently H or an organic radical; preferably H, a phenyl group or a C1-C6 alkyl group; and particularly preferably a phenyl group or a C1-C4 alkyl group. R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may optionally have substituents, but they are preferably unsubstituted groups. M represents Ti or Zr, preferably Ti. n represents a natural number, preferably 1 to 4. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a titanate is used which is selected from the group consisting of tetramethyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate, tetrabutyl titanate and tetraphenyl titanate. The zirconate is preferably selected from the group consisting of tetramethyl zirconate, tetraisopropyl zirconate, tetrabutyl zirconate and tetraphenyl zirconate.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung können die Titanate und Zirkonate auch in Form von Chelat-Komplexen eingesetzt werden . Within the scope of the invention, the titanates and zirconates can also be used in the form of chelate complexes.
In der mittels der Titanat- oder- Zirkonat-haltigen Zusammensetzung erhältlichen Schicht ist zumindest ein Metallpigment enthalten . At least one metal pigment is contained in the layer obtainable by means of the composition containing titanate or zirconate.
Als Metallpigment sind insbesondere Legierungen auf Zink- , Magnesium- oder Aluminium-Basis geeignet . Bevorzugt sind Aluminium-Magnesium- und Zink-Magnesium-Legierungen . Alloys based on zinc, magnesium or aluminum are particularly suitable as the metal pigment. Aluminum-magnesium and zinc-magnesium alloys are preferred.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung wird das Metallpigment beispielsweise in Form eines Pulvers , bevorzugt eines Pulvers mit einem Durchmesser der Teilchen von 50 pm oder weniger eingesetzt . In the context of the invention, the metal pigment is used, for example, in the form of a powder, preferably a powder with a particle diameter of 50 μm or less.
Bevorzugt weist die erfindungsgemäße Schicht eine Dicke im Bereich von 5 bis 100 pm, bevorzugter 10 bis 50 pm, insbesondere 10 bis 30 pm auf . The layer according to the invention preferably has a thickness in the range from 5 to 100 μm, more preferably 10 to 50 μm, in particular 10 to 30 μm.
Die erfindungsgemäße Schicht kann auch Bestandteil eines Mehrschicht-Systems sein . D . h . auf den Kolben können neben der erfindungsgemäßen Schicht weitere Schichten aufgebracht werden, um unterschiedlich Eigenschaften des Kolbens zu beeinflussen . Diese Schichten können unter oder auf die erfindungsgemäße Schicht aufgebracht werden . The layer according to the invention can also be part of a multi-layer system. D. H . In addition to the layer according to the invention, further layers can be applied to the piston in order to influence different properties of the piston. These layers can be applied under or on top of the layer according to the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäße Schicht ist für alle Stähle und eisenbasierten Legierungen geeignet , die üblicherweise bei Kolben für Verbrennungsmotoren zum Einsatz kommen .
Ein Kolben mit der erfindungsgemäßen Schicht kann mittels eines Verfahrens hergestellt werden, das die folgenden Schritte umfasst : a ) Aufbringen einer Zusammensetzung, umfassend zumindest ein Titanat oder Zirkonat der allgemeinen Formel ( I ) , auf den Kolben; b ) Aufbringen zumindest eines Metallpigments auf den Kolben; c ) teilweises oder vollständiges Dissoziieren des Titanats oder Zirkonats ; und d) Aushärten der Zusammensetzung . The layer according to the invention is suitable for all steels and iron-based alloys that are usually used in pistons for internal combustion engines. A piston with the layer according to the invention can be produced by means of a method which comprises the following steps: a) applying a composition comprising at least one titanate or zirconate of the general formula (I) to the piston; b) applying at least one metal pigment to the bulb; c ) partial or total dissociation of the titanate or zirconate ; and d) curing the composition.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können die Schritte a ) und b ) einzeln oder gemeinsam durchgeführt werden . Bevorzugt werden die Titanat- oder Zirkonat-haltige Zusammensetzung und das Metallpigment zusammen aufgebracht . Besonders bevorzugt wird das Metallpigment der Titanat- oder Zirkonat-haltigen Zusammensetzung zugesetzt , bevor diese auf den Kolben aufgebracht wird . Zu diesem Zweck kann das Metallpigment beispielsweise in Form eines Pulvers oder einer Paste verwendet werden . In the process according to the invention, steps a) and b) can be carried out individually or together. The composition containing titanate or zirconate and the metal pigment are preferably applied together. The metal pigment is particularly preferably added to the composition containing titanate or zirconate before it is applied to the piston. For this purpose, the metal pigment can be used, for example, in the form of a powder or a paste.
Anschließend wird das Titanat bzw . das Zirkonat wie beschrieben dissoziiert und die Schicht ausgehärtet . Then the titanate or the zirconate dissociates as described and the layer hardens.
Durch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Schicht kann die Hochtemperaturoxidation bzw . Heißgaskorrosion des Kolbens verringert werden . By using the layer according to the invention, the high-temperature oxidation or Hot gas corrosion of the piston can be reduced.
Ef fekt der Erfindung : Effect of the invention:
Eine Zusammensetzung, die ein Titanat und ein Pigment aus einer Zink-Magnesium-Legierung enthält , wurde durch Aufsprühen auf einen Kolben aus 42CrMo4 aufgebracht . Anschließend wurde die Zusammensetzung durch Erwärmen im Ofen bei ca . 250 ° C für 30 Minuten ausgehärtet .
Der beschichtete Kolben und ein unbeschichteter Kolben wurden für 516 Stunden einem Motorlauftest unterzogen, wobei der Motor abwechselnd 30 Minuten unter Volllast und 2 Minuten im Leerlauf betrieben wurde . A composition containing a titanate and a zinc-magnesium alloy pigment was applied by spraying onto a 42CrMo4 piston. The composition was then heated in an oven at approx. 250 ° C cured for 30 minutes . The coated piston and an uncoated piston were subjected to an engine running test for 516 hours, with the engine being operated alternately for 30 minutes at full load and 2 minutes at idle.
Schli f fbilder der beiden Kolben nach Beendigung des Tests sind in Fig . 1 gezeigt . Wie in Fig . 1 zu sehen, hat sich auf dem unbeschichteten Kolben eine Oxidationsschicht mit einer Dicke von ca . 43 gm gebildet . Im Gegensatz dazu wurde die Hochtemperaturoxidation (Heißgaskorrosion) durch die erfindungsgemäße Titanat-haltige Schicht verhindert .
Grinding images of the two pistons after the end of the test are shown in FIG. 1 shown . As in Fig. 1, an oxidation layer with a thickness of approx. 43 gm formed . In contrast, the high-temperature oxidation (hot gas corrosion) was prevented by the titanate-containing layer according to the invention.
Claims
8 8th
PATENTANSPRÜCHE Kolben, insbesondere Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor, der zumindest abschnittsweise eine Schicht aufweist , wobei die Schicht mittels einer Zusammensetzung, die zumindest ein Titanat oder Zirkonat der allgemeinen Formel ( I ) umfasst , erhältlich ist ; und wobei die Schicht zumindest ein Metallpigment enthält .
wobei R1 , R2 , R3 und R4 j eweils unabhängig voneinander H oder einen organischen Rest ; bevorzugt H, eine Phenylgruppe oder eine C1-C6 Alkylgruppe ; und besonders bevorzugt eine Phenylgruppe oder eine C1-C4 Alkylgruppe darstellen; M Ti oder Zr darstellt ; und n eine ganze Zahl darstellt . Kolben gemäß Anspruch 1 , wobei die Zusammensetzung ein Titanat , bevorzugt Tetramethyltitanat , Tetraisopropyltitanat , Tetrabutyltitanat und/oder Tetraphenyltitanat , umfasst . Kolben gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2 , wobei zumindest ein Metallpigment auf Basis einer Zink- , Magnesium- oder Aluminium-Legierung, bevorzugt einer Aluminium-Magnesium- Legierung oder einer Zink-Magnesium-Legierung, eingesetzt wird . Kolben gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 , wobei die Schicht durch Aufbringen der Zusammensetzung, teilweise
9 oder vollständige Dissoziation des Titanats der allgemeinen Formel (I) , und Aushärten der Zusammensetzung erhältlich ist. PATENT CLAIMS Pistons, in particular pistons for an internal combustion engine, which have a layer at least in sections, the layer being obtainable by means of a composition which comprises at least one titanate or zirconate of the general formula (I); and wherein the layer contains at least one metal pigment. where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently H or an organic radical; preferably H, a phenyl group or a C1-C6 alkyl group; and particularly preferably a phenyl group or a C1-C4 alkyl group; M represents Ti or Zr; and n represents an integer. Piston according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a titanate , preferably tetramethyl titanate , tetraisopropyl titanate , tetrabutyl titanate and / or tetraphenyl titanate . Piston according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one metal pigment based on a zinc, magnesium or aluminum alloy, preferably an aluminum-magnesium alloy or a zinc-magnesium alloy, is used. Piston according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the layer by applying the composition, partially 9 or complete dissociation of the titanate of general formula (I), and curing of the composition is available.
5. Verbrennungsmotor, umfassend einen Kolben nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4. 5. Internal combustion engine comprising a piston according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens, umfassend die folgenden Schritte: a) Aufbringen einer Zusammensetzung, umfassend zumindest ein Titanat oder Zirkonat der allgemeinen Formel (I) , auf den Kolben; b) Aufbringen zumindest eines Metallpigments auf den Kolben; c) teilweises oder vollständiges Dissoziieren des Titanats oder Zirkonats; und d) Aushärten der Zusammensetzung. 6. A method for producing a piston, comprising the following steps: a) applying a composition comprising at least one titanate or zirconate of the general formula (I) to the piston; b) applying at least one metal pigment to the bulb; c) partial or total dissociation of the titanate or zirconate; and d) curing the composition.
7. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 6, wobei die Dissoziation des Titanats der allgemeinen Formel (I) durch Einwirkung von Feuchtigkeit, Erwärmung oder Bestrahlung initiiert wird. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the dissociation of the titanate of general formula (I) is initiated by exposure to moisture, heating or irradiation.
8. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 6 oder 7, wobei das Titanat und das Metallpigment mittels derselben Zusammensetzung aufgebracht werden. 8. A method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the titanate and the metallic pigment are applied using the same composition.
9. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, wobei in Schritt b) zumindest ein Metallpigment auf Basis einer Zink-, Magnesium- oder Aluminium-Legierung, bevorzugt einer Aluminium-Magnesium-Legierung oder einer Zink- Magnesium-Legierung, auf den Kolben aufgebracht wird.
10 Verwendung einer in den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4 definierten Schicht zur Vermeidung der Hochtemperaturoxidation eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor .
9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein in step b) at least one metal pigment based on a zinc, magnesium or aluminum alloy, preferably an aluminum-magnesium alloy or a zinc-magnesium alloy, on the piston is applied. 10 Use of a layer defined in claims 1 to 4 for preventing high-temperature oxidation of a piston for an internal combustion engine.
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CN202280066774.7A CN118076766A (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2022-09-21 | Oxidation protection layer for steel or iron-based alloy engine pistons |
EP22793695.2A EP4409053A1 (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2022-09-21 | Oxidation protection layer for engine pistons made of steel or an iron-based alloy |
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DE102021210995.0A DE102021210995A1 (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Anti-oxidation layer for engine pistons made of steel or an iron-based alloy |
DE102021210995.0 | 2021-09-30 |
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WO2023052215A1 true WO2023052215A1 (en) | 2023-04-06 |
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EP (1) | EP4409053A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN118076766A (en) |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080149897A1 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2008-06-26 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Protective Layer Against Hot Gas Corrosion in the Combustion Chamber of an Internal Combustion Engine |
US20090098289A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-16 | Deininger Mark A | Pig and Method for Applying Prophylactic Surface Treatments |
US8628827B2 (en) | 2004-02-11 | 2014-01-14 | Nof Metal Coatings Europe | Anticorrosion coating composition in aqueous dispersion comprising an organic titanate and/or zirconate |
EP3455301A1 (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2019-03-20 | Rembrandtin Lack GmbH Nfg.KG | Corrosion protection |
US10487773B2 (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2019-11-26 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Vehicle mechanical component and piston |
-
2021
- 2021-09-30 DE DE102021210995.0A patent/DE102021210995A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-09-21 WO PCT/EP2022/076178 patent/WO2023052215A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-09-21 EP EP22793695.2A patent/EP4409053A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-21 CN CN202280066774.7A patent/CN118076766A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8628827B2 (en) | 2004-02-11 | 2014-01-14 | Nof Metal Coatings Europe | Anticorrosion coating composition in aqueous dispersion comprising an organic titanate and/or zirconate |
US20080149897A1 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2008-06-26 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Protective Layer Against Hot Gas Corrosion in the Combustion Chamber of an Internal Combustion Engine |
US20090098289A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-16 | Deininger Mark A | Pig and Method for Applying Prophylactic Surface Treatments |
US10487773B2 (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2019-11-26 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Vehicle mechanical component and piston |
EP3455301A1 (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2019-03-20 | Rembrandtin Lack GmbH Nfg.KG | Corrosion protection |
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