WO2023051326A1 - 时频同步方法、装置以及存储介质 - Google Patents

时频同步方法、装置以及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051326A1
WO2023051326A1 PCT/CN2022/120017 CN2022120017W WO2023051326A1 WO 2023051326 A1 WO2023051326 A1 WO 2023051326A1 CN 2022120017 W CN2022120017 W CN 2022120017W WO 2023051326 A1 WO2023051326 A1 WO 2023051326A1
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Prior art keywords
reference signal
signal resource
resource sets
configuration information
terminal device
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PCT/CN2022/120017
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吴钊
周涵
铁晓磊
花梦
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023051326A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051326A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a time-frequency synchronization method, device and storage medium.
  • time-frequency synchronization is often performed through reference signals (such as tracking reference signal (TRS)) to correct terminal equipment Time-frequency deviation from network equipment.
  • TRS tracking reference signal
  • the terminal device moves at a high speed relative to the network device, the time-frequency deviation between the terminal device and the network device is larger than the time-frequency deviation correction range of the reference signal. Therefore, how to expand the time-frequency offset correction range of the reference signal to realize the correction of a larger time-frequency offset is an urgent problem to be solved at present.
  • the time-frequency synchronization method, device, and storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present application can realize the correction of larger time-frequency deviations.
  • the present application provides a time-frequency synchronization method, including: a terminal device receives multiple reference signals from a network device according to n reference signal resource sets, the n reference signal resource sets have an association relationship, n is an integer greater than 1; the terminal device performs time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to the multiple reference signals.
  • the terminal device can perform time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to multiple reference signals received from n reference signal resource sets, so that the time-frequency synchronization received by the terminal device within one time-frequency synchronization period
  • the time-domain density or the frequency-domain density of the reference signal is higher, thereby increasing the correction range of the time-frequency offset of the reference signal.
  • the n reference signal resource sets are in the same time unit, and reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets are on different symbols of the time unit.
  • the time-domain density of reference signal resources is increased, the number of symbols in the transmission cycle interval of reference signals is reduced, and the time-frequency offset of reference signals between terminal equipment and network equipment is expanded. range of correction.
  • the multiple reference signals come from a same antenna port of the network device.
  • time-frequency synchronization method provided in this embodiment, multiple reference signals are sent through the same channel, and the terminal device performs time-frequency synchronization based on the multiple reference signals, which improves the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receiving n pieces of configuration information from the network device; wherein the n pieces of configuration information are respectively used to configure the n reference signal resource sets, and the n pieces of configuration information
  • the first configuration information in the information includes association indication information, and the association indication information is used to indicate n-1 reference signal resource sets that have an association relationship with the first reference signal resource set, and the first reference signal resource set is the first The reference signal resource set configured by the configuration information.
  • the network device respectively configures n reference signal resource sets through n pieces of configuration information, and uses at least one first configuration information in the n pieces of configuration information to indicate the difference between the n reference signal resource sets. association relationship, so that the terminal device can accurately receive multiple reference signals transmitted on n reference signal resource sets with association relationship.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receiving second configuration information from the network device; where the second configuration information is used to configure the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the network device can configure n reference signal resource sets through one piece of configuration information, which saves signaling overhead.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have the same frequency domain position in the time unit.
  • the processing complexity of the terminal device is reduced.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have different frequency domain positions in the time unit.
  • the time-domain density and frequency-domain density of n reference signal resources are higher than that of one reference signal resource, and better time-frequency offset correction effects can be obtained .
  • the terminal device performs time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to the multiple reference signals, including: the terminal device performs interpolation processing on the multiple reference signals; the terminal device performs interpolation processing on the multiple reference signals; A reference signal for time-frequency synchronization of the downlink channel.
  • the terminal device performs time-frequency synchronization of the downlink channel based on multiple reference signals after interpolation processing, which has a better time-frequency offset correction effect.
  • the present application provides a time-frequency synchronization method, including: the network device sends multiple reference signals to the terminal device according to n reference signal resource sets, the n reference signal resource sets have an association relationship, n is an integer greater than 1.
  • the n reference signal resource sets are in the same time unit, and reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets are on different symbols of the time unit.
  • the multiple reference signals come from a same antenna port of the network device.
  • the method further includes: the network device sending n pieces of configuration information to the terminal device; wherein the n pieces of configuration information are respectively used to configure the n reference signal resource sets, and the n pieces of configuration information
  • the first configuration information in includes association indication information, and the association indication information is used to indicate n-1 reference signal resource sets that have an association relationship with the first reference signal resource set, and the first reference signal resource set is the first configuration A reference signal resource set for information configuration.
  • the method further includes: the network device sending second configuration information to the terminal device; where the second configuration information is used to configure the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have the same frequency domain position in the time unit.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have different frequency domain positions in the time unit.
  • beneficial effects of the time-frequency synchronization method provided by the above-mentioned second aspect and each possible implementation manner of the above-mentioned second aspect can be referred to the beneficial effects brought by the above-mentioned first aspect and each possible implementation manner of the first aspect. I won't repeat them here.
  • the present application provides a communication device, including: a transceiver unit, configured to receive a plurality of reference signals from a network device according to n reference signal resource sets, and the n reference signal resource sets have an association relationship , n is an integer greater than 1; the processing unit is configured to perform time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to the plurality of reference signals.
  • the n reference signal resource sets are in the same time unit, and reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets are on different symbols of the time unit.
  • the multiple reference signals come from a same antenna port of the network device.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive n pieces of configuration information from the network device; wherein, the n pieces of configuration information are respectively used to configure the n reference signal resource sets, and the n pieces of configuration information
  • the first configuration information in includes association indication information, and the association indication information is used to indicate n-1 reference signal resource sets that have an association relationship with the first reference signal resource set, and the first reference signal resource set is the first configuration A reference signal resource set for information configuration.
  • the transceiving unit is further configured to: receive second configuration information from the network device; where the second configuration information is used to configure the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have the same frequency domain position in the time unit.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have different frequency domain positions in the time unit.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: perform interpolation processing on the multiple reference signals; perform time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to the multiple interpolated reference signals.
  • the present application provides a communication device, including: a processing unit configured to determine n reference signal resource sets, the n reference signal resource sets have an association relationship, and n is an integer greater than 1; a transceiver unit , configured to send multiple reference signals to the terminal device according to the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the n reference signal resource sets are in the same time unit, and reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets are on different symbols of the time unit.
  • the multiple reference signals come from a same antenna port of the network device.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: send n pieces of configuration information to the terminal device; where the n pieces of configuration information are respectively used to configure the n reference signal resource sets, and the n pieces of configuration information are
  • the first configuration information includes association indication information, the association indication information is used to indicate n-1 reference signal resource sets that have an association relationship with the first reference signal resource set, and the first reference signal resource set is the first configuration information Configured reference signal resource set.
  • the transceiving unit is further configured to: send second configuration information to the terminal device; where the second configuration information is used to configure the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have the same frequency domain position in the time unit.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have different frequency domain positions in the time unit.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including: a processor and a memory, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, to perform the tasks described in the first aspect, The method in the second aspect or each possible implementation manner.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a chip, including: a processor, configured to call and execute computer instructions from the memory, so that the device installed with the chip executes the first aspect, the second aspect, or each possible implementation methods in methods.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer program instructions, and the computer program causes a computer to execute the method in the first aspect, the second aspect, or each possible implementation manner.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which cause a computer to execute the method in the first aspect, the second aspect, or each possible implementation manner.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, including the communication device in the third aspect or in each possible implementation manner of the third aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile communication system applied by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a channel state information reference signal resource pattern provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a time-frequency synchronization method 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4a is a schematic diagram of a reference signal pattern provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4b is a schematic diagram of another reference signal pattern provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4c is a schematic diagram of another reference signal pattern provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another reference signal pattern provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a time-frequency synchronization method 300 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic block diagram of a communication device 500 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile communication system applied by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the mobile communication system includes a core network device 110 , a network device 120 and at least one terminal device (such as terminal device 130 and terminal device 140 in FIG. 1 ).
  • the terminal equipment is connected to the network equipment in a wireless manner, and the network equipment is connected to the core network equipment in a wireless or wired manner.
  • Core network equipment and network equipment can be independent and different physical equipment, or the functions of the core network equipment and the logical functions of the network equipment can be integrated on the same physical equipment, or a physical equipment can integrate part of the core network equipment. device functions and functions of some network devices.
  • Terminal equipment can be fixed or mobile. Fig.
  • the communication system may also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number of core network devices, network devices and terminal devices included in the mobile communication system.
  • the network device is the access device that the terminal device accesses the mobile communication system wirelessly, and it can be a base station NodeB, an evolved base station eNodeB, a base station in the NR mobile communication system, a base station in the future mobile communication system, or a WiFi system access nodes, etc., the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific equipment form adopted by the network equipment.
  • the terminal device may also be called a terminal terminal, user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile station (mobile station, MS), mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT) and so on.
  • Terminal equipment can be mobile phone, tablet computer (Pad), computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (Virtual Reality, VR) terminal equipment, augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR) terminal equipment, industrial control (industrial control) ), wireless terminals in self driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety Terminals, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • Network equipment and terminal equipment can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, hand-held or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; they can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons and satellites in the air.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the application scenarios of the network device and the terminal device.
  • Communication between network devices and terminal devices and between terminal devices can be performed through licensed spectrum, or through unlicensed spectrum, or through both licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum communication.
  • the communication between the network device and the terminal device can be carried out through the frequency spectrum below 6G, the frequency spectrum above 6G can also be used for communication, and the frequency spectrum below 6G and the frequency spectrum above 6G can also be used for communication at the same time.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the frequency spectrum resources used between the network device and the terminal device.
  • FR1 frequency range 1
  • FR2 frequency range 2
  • HST high speed train
  • the accuracy of the frequency generator (such as a crystal oscillator) used by the terminal equipment is not high, and/or changes in environmental factors such as the working temperature cause the local maintenance time, working frequency and network equipment to be different after the terminal equipment has been powered on for a period of time. There is a deviation between time and frequency.
  • the frequency generator such as a crystal oscillator
  • the terminal equipment moves in the NR network, and there is a frequency deviation between the terminal equipment and the network equipment due to the Doppler effect.
  • a high-speed train (such as a speed greater than 250km/h) will form a strong Doppler effect between the base stations on both sides of the rail, which makes the downlink received signal and uplink sent signal of the UE in the train both
  • the offset is a fixed frequency, so Doppler frequency offset between UE and gNB needs to be corrected before data and/or signaling communication.
  • the equipment on the HST usually includes general mobile terminals, such as mobile phones, etc., and also includes customer premises equipment (CPE).
  • CPE customer premises equipment
  • CPE often has stronger baseband and radio frequency processing capabilities, and can Relay communication between gNB and general mobile terminals.
  • CPE can perform 5G communication with gNB and WiFi communication with general mobile terminals at the same time, so as to realize reliable communication between gNB and general mobile terminals.
  • the terminal device can realize its own time-frequency offset compensation through time-frequency tracking (time frequency tracking), or called time-frequency synchronization.
  • time-frequency tracking time frequency tracking
  • the UE in the idle IDLE state, the UE generally performs preliminary time-frequency tracking by receiving a synchronization signal block (synchronization signal block, SSB) sent by the base station.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • UE In the connected state, UE generally performs time-frequency tracking through TRS. Its main purpose is to estimate the timing deviation, frequency domain deviation, delay extension and Doppler extension between itself and the base station according to the specific reference signal sent by the base station, and to compensate its own time-frequency deviation.
  • the TRS may be, for example, a special channel state information reference signal (channel state information reference signal, CSI-RS), or the TRS may also be an independent reference signal.
  • TRS When TRS is a kind of CSI-RS, it can configure a channel state information reference signal resource set (CSI-RS Resource set) to realize the configuration of TRS transmission resources, and the channel state information reference signal resource set (also That is, the TRS resource set) can be, for example, a non-zero power channel state information reference signal resource set (NZP CSI-RS Resource set), each CSI-RS Resource Set contains two or four TRS resources, and each TRS resource is represented in a symbol
  • the channel state information reference signal resources in the first channel state information reference signal resource set occupy the 4th and 8th symbols in both time slot 1 and time slot 2, and the second channel state information reference signal resource set The 3rd and 7th symbols are occupied in slot 1.
  • the TRS can be sent periodically or aperiodically.
  • each CSI-RS Resource set (taking up 2 or 4 symbols) represents a TRS burst (burst) in a sending cycle.
  • the network device indicates the transmission of the TRS through downlink control information (DCI).
  • DCI downlink control information
  • Each TRS transmission resource set corresponds to one SSB.
  • each TRS transmission resource set has a quasi co-location type C (quasi co-location type C, QCL-type C) relationship with one SSB.
  • Terminal devices can perform coarse time-frequency synchronization based on SSB. And use the channel parameters provided by coarse time-frequency synchronization to receive TRS and obtain TRS channel information.
  • the channel where the terminal device receives signaling and/or data in the connected state is synchronized with TRS according to QCL-TypeA, which can provide fine time for the channel. Frequency synchronization information.
  • the QCL and various modes of the QCL are described in detail below.
  • the range of the time-frequency offset that can be corrected by the TRS is limited, and the correction range is related to the number of subcarriers spaced in the frequency domain and the number of symbols spaced in the time domain between the TRS transmission resources in the TRS transmission resource set. For example, the smaller the number of spaced symbols in the time domain, the larger the frequency domain range that can be corrected by the TRS, and the smaller the number of frequency domain spaced subcarriers, the larger the time domain range that the TRS can correct.
  • the frequency offset range F that can be corrected by TRS satisfies
  • SCS is the subcarrier spacing of the TRS carrier frequency
  • the TRS correctable frequency offset range F is ⁇ 1750Hz; in a cell with a subcarrier spacing of 120kHz in FR2, the TRS correctable frequency offset range is ⁇ 15000Hz.
  • the HST scenario in the FR2 scenario with a 30GHz carrier frequency and 120kHz subcarrier, assuming that the HST speed is 250km/h, and its Doppler frequency is 7kHz, at different transmission reception points (Transmission Reception Point, TRP)/gNB switching points,
  • TRP Transmission Reception Point
  • the cumulative Doppler frequency is 14000 Hz, which is already close to the correctable frequency offset limit of the existing TRS transmission resource set.
  • the HST speed is higher than 250km/h, the existing TRS transmission resource set cannot meet the requirement of correcting Doppler frequency offset. Therefore, in a scenario where a terminal device moves at a high speed, how to increase the correction range of the time-frequency offset to realize time-frequency synchronization between the terminal device and the network device is an urgent problem to be solved at present.
  • At least two reference signals are introduced during the time-frequency synchronization process of the terminal equipment
  • a resource set (such as a TRS transmission resource set), receives at least two reference signals carried by reference signal resource sets within one time-frequency synchronization period of the terminal device, which reduces the number of time-domain interval symbols and /or the number of subcarriers spaced in the frequency domain, thereby increasing the correction range of the time-frequency offset.
  • Antenna port It is a logical concept in the communication system.
  • An antenna port may correspond to an actual physical antenna, or may be a combination of multiple physical antennas or antenna arrays.
  • the transmitting antenna ports of the two signals or channels are the same, it can be considered that the channels passed by the two signals or channels in the same period of time are the same. Therefore, the receiver device can perform joint channel estimation on the two signals or channels to enhance channel estimation performance, or apply the channel estimation result of one signal or channel to another channel to reduce reception complexity.
  • Beam It is a space communication resource.
  • a network device or a terminal device can form a transmit beam in an analog, digital or hybrid manner through an antenna array.
  • Different beams are generally regarded as resources in different spaces, so the same information can be sent through different beams to cover multiple different spatial regions, or different information can be sent to maximize space resources.
  • Beams can be divided into sending beams and receiving beams of network devices, and sending beams and receiving beams of terminal devices.
  • QCL It means that some channel characteristics on the two antenna ports are the same.
  • the terminal device receives the channel or signal sent by the network device (set as channel A), it needs to perform channel estimation on the channel A. Assuming that channel A and channel B are QCL, then some channel characteristics of channel A and channel B are the same, if the terminal device has received channel B before receiving channel A, then the terminal device can directly use these channel characteristic parameters of channel B It is used in channel estimation of channel A, thereby simplifying the channel estimation process and improving the channel estimation speed.
  • Channel B pre-estimated by the terminal device may be called a QCL source (source), and channel A depends on the QCL information of channel B, so it may be called a QCL target (target).
  • Doppler frequency shift (doppler shift) and Doppler frequency spread (doppler spread), where Doppler frequency shift is used to characterize the frequency shift of the main path of the channel ;
  • Average delay Average delay
  • Delay spread delay spread
  • Spatial Rx parameter Used to characterize that two channels can be received through the same receive beam.
  • NR defines 4 types of QCL relationship between two channels, expressed as QCL-TypeA, TypeB, TypeC, TypeD. These 4 types include:
  • QCL-TypeA Doppler Shift, Doppler Spread, Average delay, Delay spread;
  • QCL-TypeB Doppler Shift, Doppler Spread
  • QCL-TypeC Average delay, Doppler Shift
  • the QCL source channel can provide Doppler estimation parameters for the QCL target channel to perform Doppler estimation of the QCL target.
  • the QCL source channel can provide the Doppler offset and average delay of the channel main path for the QCL target channel, but since QCL-TypeC does not include Doppler Spread and Delay spread, the multiplicity of all paths in the QCL source channel The Puler frequency deviation and delay conditions cannot be used for QCL target. Therefore, when channel B and channel A are QCL-TypeC, the QCL channel feature of channel B can only provide coarse time-frequency synchronization for channel A.
  • QCL-TypeA Doppler Shift, Doppler Spread, Average delay and Delay spread are also included, which is the most restrictive QCL relationship.
  • QCL-TypeA means that the QCL source channel can provide fine time-frequency synchronization for the QCL target channel.
  • two channels can be received with the same receiving beam, which is mainly used for beam selection and beam indication of FR2.
  • the QCL source channel of a QCL target channel and the corresponding QCL type can be configured through high-layer signaling, such as Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI).
  • TCI Transmission Configuration Indicator
  • TCI can indicate two types of QCL information for each channel: one type of QCL information is a mandatory configuration, for example, it can indicate one of QCL-TypeA, QCL-TypeB, and QCL-TypeC; one type of QCL information is an optional configuration, It is generally used in FR2 high-frequency scenarios to indicate whether two channels (including QCL target channel and QCL source channel) can use the same beam reception, that is, indicate QCL-TypeD.
  • TCI can also indicate at least one of the following:
  • the bandwidth part (BWP) where the QCL target channel or signal is located is located;
  • the QCL source channel or signal is CSI-RS, SSB or TRS.
  • the QCL relationship between the SSB and the TRS can be QCL-TypeC, that is, the terminal device can perform coarse time-frequency synchronization on the TRS according to the SSB; the TRS and the downlink information to be received, such as the physical downlink control channel (physical downlink control channel, PDCCH) and/or physical downlink shared channel (physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH), the relationship between the two can be QCL-TypeA, that is, the terminal device can perform fine time-frequency synchronization on the downlink information to be received according to the TRS.
  • the physical downlink control channel physical downlink control channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • channels such as PDSCH and PDCCH mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as physical resources carrying signals, and can also be understood as signals transmitted through these resources.
  • the terminal device receives a signal through the PDSCH, which may also be expressed as the terminal device receives the PDSCH.
  • the first, second and various numbers are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, different configuration information, reference signal resource sets, etc. are distinguished.
  • predefinition can be realized by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in devices (for example, including terminal devices and network devices). Do limited.
  • Pre-configuration can be realized by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in devices (for example, including terminal devices and network devices), and can also be pre-configured through signaling, such as network devices through Signaling pre-configuration, etc., the present application does not limit the specific implementation.
  • the "protocol” involved in the embodiment of the present application may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, for example, may include LTE protocol, NR protocol and related protocols applied in future communication systems, which is not limited in this application.
  • the terminal device may be, for example, any terminal device in the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , such as the terminal device 130 or terminal device 140 .
  • the network device may be the network device 120 in the communication system shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the terminal device shown in the following embodiments may also be replaced with components in the terminal device, such as a chip, a chip system, or other functional modules capable of invoking programs and executing programs.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a time-frequency synchronization method 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3 , the method 200 may include S210 and S220. Each step in the method 200 will be described below.
  • the network device sends multiple reference signals to the terminal device according to the n reference signal resource sets, the n reference signal resource sets have an association relationship, and n is an integer greater than 1.
  • the terminal device receives multiple reference signals from the network device according to the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the terminal device performs time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to the multiple reference signals.
  • the reference signal resources in the n reference signal resource sets are used to carry multiple reference signals.
  • the network device sends multiple reference signals to the terminal device through the reference signal resources in the n reference signal resource sets, that is, the terminal The device receives multiple reference signals sent by the terminal device on the reference signal resources in the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the reference signal may be any reference signal used for time-frequency synchronization.
  • it may be a TRS.
  • the TRS may be an independent reference signal or a type of CSI-RS.
  • the network device sends multiple reference signals to the terminal device according to n reference signal resource sets during one time-frequency synchronization process of the terminal device (that is, within one time-frequency synchronization period), so that the terminal device sends multiple reference signals to the terminal device according to the multiple
  • the reference signal is used for time-frequency synchronization.
  • the time-domain density and/or frequency-domain density of reference signal resources within one time-frequency synchronization period is higher.
  • the n reference signal resource sets may belong to a time unit in the aforementioned time-frequency synchronization cycle, and the time unit may be, for example, a slot (slot), a sub frame (sub frame), a symbol (symbol), or other Future defined time unit.
  • a time unit is taken as a time slot as an example for description.
  • the n reference signal resource sets should have an association relationship.
  • the association relationship among the n reference signal resource sets may include but not limited to the following two possible examples:
  • Example 1 Multiple reference signals carried by n reference signal resource sets come from the same antenna port of the network device, that is, the network device sends multiple reference signals through the same antenna port.
  • Example 2 n reference signal resource sets are in the same time unit, and reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets are in different time subunits of the time unit.
  • the time unit can be a time slot, the time subunit can be a symbol, and different reference signal resource sets can be on different symbols in the same time slot; or the time unit can be a subframe, and the time subunit can be a time slot Or symbols, different sets of reference signal resources may be on different slots of the same subframe or on different symbols of the same subframe.
  • reference signal resource sets can be at different time domain locations in the same time unit.
  • the frequency domain positions of the reference resources in different reference signal resource sets in the same time unit may be the same or different.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the n reference signal resource sets include a first reference signal resource set and a second reference signal resource set.
  • the first reference signal resource set includes two first reference signal resources, and the two first reference signal resources occupy symbol 3 and symbol 7 respectively in one time slot
  • the second reference signal resource set includes two second reference signal resources resources, two second reference signal resources respectively occupy symbol 5 and symbol 9 in the time slot; and each first reference signal resource in the first reference signal resource set has a Second reference signal resources with the same frequency domain position.
  • the two first reference signal resources in the first reference signal resource set occupy symbol 3 and symbol 7 respectively in one time slot, and the two second reference signal resources in the second reference signal resource set Symbol 5 and symbol 9 are respectively occupied in this time slot; and any first reference signal resource in the first reference signal resource set does not have a second reference signal with the same frequency domain position as it in the second reference signal resource set resource.
  • the two first reference signal resources in the first reference signal resource set occupy symbol 3 and symbol 7 respectively in one time slot, and the two second reference signal resources in the second reference signal resource set Symbol 4 and symbol 8 are respectively occupied in this time slot; and any first reference signal resource in the first reference signal resource set does not have a second reference signal with the same frequency domain position as it in the second reference signal resource set resource.
  • each reference signal resource may occupy one subcarrier in the frequency domain.
  • Any first reference signal resource in the first reference signal resource set does not have a second reference signal resource with the same frequency domain position as it in the second reference signal resource set, that is, the first reference signal resource may exist on the same subcarrier.
  • Reference signal resources in the reference signal resource set and reference signal resources in the second reference signal resource set; any first reference signal resource in the first reference signal resource set has no frequency domain The second reference signal resources with the same position, that is, only the reference signals in the first reference signal resource set or the reference signals in the second reference signal resource set exist on the same subcarrier.
  • a reference signal pattern (for example, a TRS pattern (pattern)) composed of n reference signal resource sets in the same time unit may be any pattern in FIG. 4a to FIG. 4c.
  • the TRS pattern can be evenly distributed in the time domain, that is, the interval in the time domain is the same, for example, the reference signal resources in Figure 4a and Figure 4b occupy symbol 3, symbol 5, symbol 7 and symbol 9, and the number of interval symbols is 1; the TRS pattern It can also be non-uniformly distributed in the time domain, that is, the intervals in the time domain are different.
  • the reference signal resources occupy symbols 3, 4, 7, and 8, and there is no interval between symbols 3 and 4, and between symbols 7 and 8. , the number of symbols separated between symbol 4 and symbol 7 is 2.
  • the time domain interval between the reference signal resources of each reference signal resource set may be the same, for example, the time domain interval between the two reference signal resources of the first reference signal resource set in Figure 4a to Figure 4c is 4 symbols, the time domain interval between two reference signal resources in the second reference signal resource set is also 4 symbols; the bandwidth of the reference signal resources in each reference signal resource set can be the same; the QCL relationship of each reference signal resource set Can be the same.
  • the range is doubled to meet the scenario where the terminal equipment moves at high speed (for example, the terminal equipment in the HST moves with the HST).
  • n reference signal resource sets are in different time domain positions in the same time unit for exemplary illustration. It can be understood that the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets can also be in the same time unit time domain position The same, but the frequency domain location is different.
  • reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have different frequency domain positions in time units.
  • the terminal device needs to perform signal processing on the multiple received reference signals, and perform time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to the processed reference signals.
  • the terminal device may perform interpolation processing on multiple reference signals, and perform time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to the multiple interpolated reference signals.
  • the reference signal pattern shown in FIG. 5 can be obtained by performing interpolation processing on the reference signal in FIG. 4 b
  • the third reference signal resource shown in FIG. 5 is the resource of the interpolated reference signal.
  • the downlink channel in S220 is a downlink channel sent by the network device to the terminal device, that is, the network device sends downlink information to the terminal device through the downlink channel, for example, the downlink channel may be PDCCH and/or PDSCH.
  • the network device may send a downlink channel to the terminal device after sending multiple reference signals to the terminal device, or the network device may simultaneously send multiple reference signals and downlink channels to the terminal device, which is not limited in this application.
  • the terminal device can perform time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to multiple reference signals received from n reference signal resource sets, so that the time domain of the reference signal received by the terminal device within one time-frequency synchronization period Density or frequency domain density is higher, thereby increasing the correction range of time-frequency offset.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a time-frequency synchronization method 300 provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6 , the method 300 may further include S230-1 and S230-2 on the basis of the method 200 shown in FIG. 3 . S210 and S220 in FIG. 6 have been described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • the network device sends n pieces of configuration information to the terminal device;
  • the n pieces of configuration information are respectively used to configure n reference signal resource sets, and the first configuration information in the n pieces of configuration information includes association indication information, and the association indication information is used to indicate reference signals that have an association relationship with the first reference signal resource set
  • the resource set, the first reference signal resource set is a reference signal resource set configured by the first configuration information.
  • the terminal device receives n pieces of configuration information from the network device.
  • the network device sends second configuration information to the terminal device, where the second configuration information is used to configure the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the terminal device receives the second configuration information from the network device.
  • one of S230-1 and S230-2 is executed, and S230-2 is marked with a dotted line.
  • the n pieces of configuration information are in one-to-one correspondence with the n pieces of reference signal resource sets.
  • Each piece of configuration information may indicate a set of reference signal resources.
  • the first configuration information is any configuration information in the n configuration information
  • the reference signal resource set indicated by the first configuration information is the first reference signal resource set
  • the first reference signal resource set may be n reference signal resources Any reference signal resource set in the resource set.
  • association indication information in the first configuration information may indicate m reference signal resource sets in the n reference signal resource sets that are associated with the first reference signal resource set, and m may be greater than or equal to 1 and less than n an integer of .
  • the network device may indicate the identification (ID) of the reference signal resource set that has the same antenna port as it in the configuration signaling of any one of the two reference signal resource sets; for example, the network device needs to configure the first A reference signal resource set and a second reference signal resource set, then in the configuration signaling of the second reference signal resource set, the network device can use same-Port-nzp-CSI-ResourceSetId to indicate the first reference signal resource set
  • ID indicates that the reference signals of the two reference signal resource sets use the same antenna port.
  • the configuration signaling of the second reference signal resource set is the first configuration information.
  • the n pieces of configuration information may include one or more pieces of first configuration information.
  • the n pieces of configuration information may be sent by the network device through the same antenna port.
  • the network device respectively configures n reference signal resource sets through n pieces of configuration information, and indicates the association relationship between the n reference signal resource sets through at least one first configuration information among the n pieces of configuration information,
  • the terminal device is enabled to accurately receive multiple reference signals transmitted on n reference signal resource sets with an associated relationship.
  • the network device may configure n reference signal resource sets for the terminal device through one piece of configuration information (eg, second configuration information).
  • the second configuration information can be understood as an enhanced reference signal resource set configuration signaling, such as TRS-Enh-ResourceSet, and the enhanced reference signal resource set configuration signaling includes n reference signal resource sets in the prior art Configure signaling, such as the following signaling:
  • the network device can configure n reference signal resource sets through one piece of configuration information, which saves signaling overhead.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 400 may include a transceiver unit 410 and a processing unit 420 .
  • the communication apparatus 400 may be applied to the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiments, for example, it may be a terminal device, or a component configured in the terminal device (eg, a chip or a chip system, etc.).
  • the transceiver unit 410 can be used to receive multiple reference signals from the network device according to n reference signal resource sets, the n reference signal resource sets have an association relationship, n is an integer greater than 1; the processing unit 420 may be configured to perform time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to the multiple reference signals.
  • the n reference signal resource sets are in the same time unit, and the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets are on different symbols of the time unit.
  • the multiple reference signals are from the same antenna port of the network device.
  • the transceiving unit 410 is further configured to: receive n pieces of configuration information from the network device; wherein, the n pieces of configuration information are respectively used to configure the n reference signal resource sets, and the n pieces of configuration information are
  • the first configuration information includes association indication information, the association indication information is used to indicate n-1 reference signal resource sets that have an association relationship with the first reference signal resource set, and the first reference signal resource set is the first configuration information Configured reference signal resource set.
  • the transceiving unit 410 is further configured to: receive second configuration information from the network device; wherein the second configuration information is used to configure the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have the same frequency domain position in the time unit.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have different frequency domain positions in the time unit.
  • the processing unit 420 is specifically configured to: perform interpolation processing on the multiple reference signals; perform time-frequency synchronization on the downlink channel according to the multiple interpolated reference signals.
  • the processing unit 420 in the communication apparatus 400 may be implemented by a processor, for example, may correspond to the processor 510 in the communication apparatus 500 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the transceiver unit 410 may be implemented by a transceiver, for example, it may correspond to the transceiver 520 in the communication device 500 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • both the processing unit 420 and the transceiver unit 410 in the communication device 400 can be implemented through input/output interfaces, circuits, and the like.
  • the communication apparatus 400 may be applied to the network device in the foregoing method embodiments, for example, may be a network device, or a component configured in the network device (for example, a chip or a chip system, etc.).
  • the processing unit 420 can be used to determine n reference signal resource sets, and the n reference signal resource sets have an association relationship, and n is an integer greater than 1; the transceiver unit 410 can It is used for sending multiple reference signals to the terminal device according to the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the n reference signal resource sets are in the same time unit, and the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets are on different symbols of the time unit.
  • the multiple reference signals are from the same antenna port of the network device.
  • the transceiving unit 410 is further configured to: send n pieces of configuration information to the terminal device; wherein, the n pieces of configuration information are respectively used to configure the n reference signal resource sets, and the n pieces of configuration information are
  • the first configuration information includes association indication information, the association indication information is used to indicate n-1 reference signal resource sets that have an association relationship with the first reference signal resource set, and the first reference signal resource set is configured for the first configuration information.
  • the set of reference signal resources is further configured to: send n pieces of configuration information to the terminal device; wherein, the n pieces of configuration information are respectively used to configure the n reference signal resource sets, and the n pieces of configuration information are
  • the first configuration information includes association indication information, the association indication information is used to indicate n-1 reference signal resource sets that have an association relationship with the first reference signal resource set, and the first reference signal resource set is configured for the first configuration information.
  • the set of reference signal resources is further configured to: send n pieces of configuration information to the terminal device; wherein, the n pieces
  • the transceiving unit 410 is further configured to: send second configuration information to the terminal device; where the second configuration information is used to configure the n reference signal resource sets.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have the same frequency domain position in the time unit.
  • the reference signal resources in different reference signal resource sets have different frequency domain positions in the time unit.
  • the processing unit 420 in the communication device 400 may be implemented by a processor, for example, may correspond to the processor 510 in the communication device 500 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the transceiver unit 410 may be implemented by a transceiver, for example, it may correspond to the transceiver 520 in the communication device 500 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • both the processing unit 420 and the transceiver unit 410 in the communication device 400 can be implemented through input/output interfaces, circuits, and the like.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic block diagram of a communication device 500 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 500 may include: a processor 510 , a transceiver 520 and a memory 530 .
  • the processor 510, the transceiver 520 and the memory 530 communicate with each other through an internal connection path, the memory 530 is used to store instructions, and the processor 510 is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 530 to control the transceiver 520 to send signals and /or to receive a signal.
  • the communication apparatus 500 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiments, and may be used to execute various steps and/or processes performed by the terminal device in the above method embodiments.
  • the memory 530 may include read-only memory and random-access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor. A portion of the memory may also include non-volatile random access memory.
  • the memory 530 may be an independent device, or may be integrated in the processor 510 .
  • the processor 510 may be used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 530, and when the processor 510 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 510 is used to execute the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments corresponding to the terminal device and/or or process.
  • the communications apparatus 500 is the terminal device in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the transceiver 520 may include a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the transceiver 520 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.
  • the processor 510, memory 530 and transceiver 520 may be devices integrated on different chips.
  • the processor 510 and the memory 530 may be integrated in a baseband chip, and the transceiver 520 may be integrated in a radio frequency chip.
  • the processor 510, the memory 530 and the transceiver 520 may also be devices integrated on the same chip. This application is not limited to this.
  • the communication apparatus 500 is a component configured in a terminal device, such as a chip, a chip system, and the like.
  • the transceiver 520 may also be a communication interface, such as an input/output interface, a circuit, and the like.
  • the transceiver 520 , the processor 510 and the memory 530 may be integrated in the same chip, such as a baseband chip.
  • the present application also provides a processing device, including at least one processor, and the at least one processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the processing device executes the method performed by the terminal device or the network device in the above method embodiment. method.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a processing device, including a processor and an input/output interface.
  • the input-output interface is coupled with the processor.
  • the input and output interface is used for inputting and/or outputting information.
  • the information includes at least one of instructions and data.
  • the processor is configured to execute a computer program, so that the processing device executes the method executed by the terminal device or the network device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a processing device, including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the processing device executes the method performed by the terminal device or the network device in the above method embodiments.
  • the above processing device may be one or more chips.
  • the processing device may be a field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a system chip (system on chip, SoC). It can be a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (network processor, NP), a digital signal processing circuit (digital signal processor, DSP), or a microcontroller (micro controller unit) , MCU), can also be a programmable controller (programmable logic device, PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • CPU central processor unit
  • NP network processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • microcontroller micro controller unit
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • each step of the above method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the steps of the methods disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, register.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, no detailed description is given here.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically programmable Erases programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM direct memory bus random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product including: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the method in the above method embodiment A method performed by a terminal device or a network device.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores program codes, and when the program codes are run on a computer, the computer is made to execute the above-mentioned method embodiments A method performed by a terminal device or a network device in a network.
  • the present application further provides a communication system, where the communication system may include the foregoing terminal device or network device.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions described above are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disc and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请提供一种时频同步方法、装置以及存储介质。该方法包括：终端设备根据n个参考信号资源集，接收来自网络设备的多个参考信号，该n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数，终端设备根据该多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步，使终端设备的一个时频同步周期内接收到的参考信号的时域密度或者频域密度更高，进而增大了参考信号的时频偏的纠正范围。

Description

时频同步方法、装置以及存储介质
本申请要求于2021年09月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111148984.4、申请名称为“时频同步方法、装置以及存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种时频同步方法、装置以及存储介质。
背景技术
目前，在一些通信系统中，如第五代移动通信系统(5th generation wireless system，5G)中，常通过参考信号(例如跟踪参考信号(tracking reference signal，TRS))进行时频同步，纠正终端设备与网络设备之间的时频偏差。然而当终端设备相对于网络设备高速移动时，终端设备与网络设备之间的时频偏差较大超出了参考信号的时频偏纠正范围。因此，如何扩大参考信号的时频偏纠正范围，以实现对更大时频偏差的纠正是当前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供的一种时频同步方法、装置以及存储介质，能够实现对更大时频偏差的纠正。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种时频同步方法，包括：终端设备根据n个参考信号资源集，接收来自网络设备的多个参考信号，该n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数；该终端设备根据该多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
通过第一方面提供的时频同步方法，终端设备可以根据从n个参考信号资源集接收的多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步，使终端设备的一个时频同步周期内接收到的参考信号的时域密度或者频域密度更高，进而增大了参考信号的时频偏的纠正范围。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的不同符号上。
通过该实施方式提供的时频同步方法，增加了参考信号资源的时域密度，使参考信号的发送周期间隔的符号数更少，扩大了参考信号对终端设备和网络设备之间的时频偏的纠正范围。
在一种可能实现方式中，该多个参考信号来自于该网络设备的同一天线端口。
通过该实施方式提供的时频同步方法，多个参考信号为通过相同的信道发送的，终端设备基于该多个参考信号进行时频同步，提高了时频同步的准确性。
在一种可能实现方式中，该方法还包括：该终端设备接收来自该网络设备的n个 配置信息；其中，该n个配置信息分别用于配置该n个参考信号资源集，该n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，该关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的n-1个参考信号资源集，该第一参考信号资源集为该第一配置信息配置的参考信号资源集。
通过该实施方式提供的时频同步方法，网络设备通过n个配置信息分别配置n个参考信号资源集，并通过n个配置信息中的至少一个第一配置信息指示n个参考信号资源集之间的关联关系，使终端设备能够准确接收到n个具有关联关系的参考信号资源集上传输的多个参考信号。
在一种可能实现方式中，该方法还包括：该终端设备接收来自该网络设备的第二配置信息；其中，该第二配置信息用于配置该n个参考信号资源集。
通过该实施方式提供的时频同步方法，网络设备通过一个配置信息即可配置n个参考信号资源集，节省了信令开销。
在一种可能实现方式中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置相同。
通过该实施方式提供的时频同步方法，相比于不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置不同的情况，降低了终端设备的处理复杂度。
在一种可能实现方式中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置不同。
通过该实施方式提供的时频同步方法，n个参考信号资源的时域密度和频域密度均高于一个参考信号资源的时域密度和频域密度，能够得到更好的时频偏纠正效果。
在一种可能实现方式中，该终端设备根据该多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步，包括：该终端设备对该多个参考信号进行插值处理；该终端设备根据插值处理后的多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
通过该实施方式提供的时频同步方法，终端设备基于插值处理后的多个参考信号进行下行信道的时频同步具有更好的时频偏纠正效果。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种时频同步方法，包括：网络设备根据n个参考信号资源集，向终端设备发送多个参考信号，该n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数。
在一种可能实现方式中，该n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的不同符号上。
在一种可能实现方式中，该多个参考信号来自于该网络设备的同一天线端口。
在一种可能实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备向该终端设备发送n个配置信息；其中，该n个配置信息分别用于配置该n个参考信号资源集，该n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，该关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的n-1个参考信号资源集，该第一参考信号资源集为该第一配置信息配置的参考信号资源集。
在一种可能实现方式中，该方法还包括：该网络设备向该终端设备发送第二配置信息；其中，该第二配置信息用于配置该n个参考信号资源集。
在一种可能实现方式中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的 频域位置相同。
在一种可能实现方式中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置不同。
上述第二方面以及上述第二方面的各可能的实施方式所提供的时频同步方法，其有益效果可以参见上述第一方面以及第一方面的各可能的实施方式所带来的有益效果，在此处不再赘述。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种通信装置，包括：收发单元，用于根据n个参考信号资源集，接收来自网络设备的多个参考信号，该n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数；处理单元，用于根据该多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
在一种可能实现方式中，该n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的不同符号上。
在一种可能实现方式中，该多个参考信号来自于该网络设备的同一天线端口。
在一种可能实现方式中，该收发单元还用于：接收来自该网络设备的n个配置信息；其中，该n个配置信息分别用于配置该n个参考信号资源集，该n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，该关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的n-1个参考信号资源集，该第一参考信号资源集为该第一配置信息配置的参考信号资源集。
在一种可能实现方式中，该收发单元还用于：接收来自该网络设备的第二配置信息；其中，该第二配置信息用于配置该n个参考信号资源集。
在一种可能实现方式中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置相同。
在一种可能实现方式中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置不同。
在一种可能实现方式中，该处理单元具体用于：对该多个参考信号进行插值处理；根据插值处理后的多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
第四方面，本申请提供了一种通信装置，包括：处理单元，用于确定n个参考信号资源集，该n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数；收发单元，用于根据该n个参考信号资源集，向终端设备发送多个参考信号。
在一种可能实现方式中，该n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的不同符号上。
在一种可能实现方式中，该多个参考信号来自于该网络设备的同一天线端口。
在一种可能实现方式中，该收发单元还用于：向该终端设备发送n个配置信息；其中，该n个配置信息分别用于配置该n个参考信号资源集，该n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，该关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的n-1个参考信号资源集，该第一参考信号资源集为该第一配置信息配置的参考信号资源集。
在一种可能实现方式中，该收发单元还用于：向该终端设备发送第二配置信息；其中，该第二配置信息用于配置该n个参考信号资源集。
在一种可能实现方式中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置相同。
在一种可能实现方式中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置不同。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括：处理器和存储器，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用并运行该存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行如第一方面、第二方面或各可能的实现方式中的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片，包括：处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机指令，使得安装有该芯片的设备执行如第一方面、第二方面或各可能的实现方式中的方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序指令，该计算机程序使得计算机执行如第一方面、第二方面或各可能的实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行如第一方面、第二方面或各可能的实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供一种终端，包括如第三方面或第三方面各可能的实现方式中的通信装置。
附图说明
图1是本申请的实施例应用的移动通信系统的架构示意图。
图2是本申请提供的一种信道状态信息参考信号资源图案的示意图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的时频同步方法200的示意性流程图。
图4a是本申请实施例提供的一种参考信号图案的示意图。
图4b是本申请实施例提供的另一种参考信号图案的示意图。
图4c是本申请实施例提供的另一种参考信号图案的示意图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的另一种参考信号图案的示意图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的时频同步方法300的示意性流程图。
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置400的结构示意图。
图8为本申请实施例提供的通信装置500的另一示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
图1是本申请的实施例应用的移动通信系统的架构示意图。如图1所示，该移动通信系统包括核心网设备110、网络设备120和至少一个终端设备(如图1中的终端设备130和终端设备140)。终端设备通过无线的方式与网络设备相连，网络设备通过无线或有线方式与核心网设备连接。核心网设备与网络设备可以是独立的不同的物理设备，也可以是将核心网设备的功能与网络设备的逻辑功能集成在同一个物理设备上，还可以是一个物理设备上集成了部分核心网设备的功能和部分的网络设备的功能。终端设备可以是固定位置的，也可以是可移动的。图1只是示意图，该通信系统中还 可以包括其它网络设备，如还可以包括无线中继设备和无线回传设备，在图1中未画出。本申请的实施例对该移动通信系统中包括的核心网设备、网络设备和终端设备的数量不做限定。
网络设备是终端设备通过无线方式接入到该移动通信系统中的接入设备，可以是基站NodeB、演进型基站eNodeB、NR移动通信系统中的基站、未来移动通信系统中的基站或WiFi系统中的接入节点等，本申请的实施例对网络设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
终端设备也可以称为终端Terminal、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等。终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等等。
网络设备和终端设备可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上；还可以部署在空中的飞机、气球和卫星上。本申请的实施例对网络设备和终端设备的应用场景不做限定。
网络设备和终端设备之间以及终端设备和终端设备之间可以通过授权频谱(licensed spectrum)进行通信，也可以通过免授权频谱(unlicensed spectrum)进行通信，也可以同时通过授权频谱和免授权频谱进行通信。网络设备和终端设备之间可以通过6G以下的频谱进行通信，也可以通过6G以上的频谱进行通信，还可以同时使用6G以下的频谱和6G以上的频谱进行通信。本申请的实施例对网络设备和终端设备之间所使用的频谱资源不做限定。
应理解，本申请对于网络设备和终端设备的具体形式均不作限定。
在NR系统中，同时支持低频(例如频域区域1(frequency range 1，FR1))和高频(例如频域区域2(frequency range 2，FR2))的信息传输，并且NR系统还支持与高速铁路(high speed train，HST)中的中的设备进行通信。
在终端设备与网络设备通信的过程中，由于终端设备本地维护的时间和/或频域与网络设备的时间和/或频率存在偏差(下文中也将这种偏差称作时频偏)，会对终端设备与网络设备之间的通信稳定性带来较大影响，甚至导致终端设备与网络设备之间的连接网络中断。
终端设备与网络设备之间的时频偏的产生可能有如下两种原因：
一、终端设备使用的频率发生器(如晶振)的精度不高，和/或工作的温度等环境因素的变化，造成终端设备开机运行一段时间后，本地维护的时间、工作频率与网络设备的时间、频率之间出现偏差。
二、终端设备在NR网络内移动，与网络设备之间由于多普勒效应产生频率偏差。
例如HST通信过程中，高速运行的列车(如速度大于250km/h)会和铁轨两侧基站之间形成较强的多普勒效应，这使得列车中的UE的下行接收信号和上行发送信号 都会偏移固定的频率，因此需要在数据和/或信令的通信前纠正UE和gNB之间的多普勒频偏。
HST上的中的设备通常包括一般移动终端，如手机等，还包括用户前置设备(customer premises equipment，CPE)，和一般移动终端相比，CPE往往具有更强的基带和射频处理能力，可以在gNB和一般移动终端之间中继通信，例如CPE可以和gNB之间进行5G通信，同时和一般移动终端进行WiFi通信，从而实现gNB与一般移动终端的可靠通信。
终端设备可以通过时频跟踪(time frequency tracking)，或称作时频同步，实现对自身的时频偏的补偿。例如，在空闲IDLE状态，UE一般通过接收基站发送的同步信号块(synchronization signal block，SSB)来进行初步的时频跟踪。在连接态下，UE一般通过TRS进行时频跟踪。其主要目的是根据由基站发送特定的参考信号估计当前自身和基站之间的定时偏差，频域偏差，时延拓展以及多普勒拓展，并对自身的时频偏进行补偿。
该TRS例如可以是一种特例化的信道状态信息参考信号(channel state information reference signal，CSI-RS)，或者TRS也可以是独立的参考信号。在TRS为CSI-RS中的一种时，其可以通过配置一个信道状态信息参考信号资源集(CSI-RS Resource set)来实现对TRS传输资源的配置，该信道状态信息参考信号资源集(也即TRS资源集)例如可以是非零功率信道状态信息参考信号资源集(NZP CSI-RS Resource set)，每个CSI-RS Resource Set包含两个或者4个TRS资源，每个TRS资源表示在一个符号上以一定频域密度和带宽发送的资源单元(Resource Element，RE)，每个TRS资源的符号位置不同，但每个TRS资源的带宽、密度和频域位置均相同。参见图2，第一个信道状态信息参考信号资源集中的信道状态信息参考信号资源在时隙1和时隙2中均占用第4和第8个符号，第二个信道状态信息参考信号资源集在时隙1中占用第3和第7个符号。
TRS可以是周期性发送或者非周期性发送的。在周期性发送时，每个CSI-RS Resource set(占用2个或者4个符号)表示一个发送周期中的一个TRS突发(burst)，一般来说，一个周期内存在一个TRS burst；在非周期性发送时，由网络设备通过下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)指示TRS的传输。
每个TRS传输资源集对应一个SSB，例如每个TRS传输资源集与一个SSB是准共址模式C(quasi co-location typeC，QCL-typeC)关系，终端设备可以基于SSB进行粗时频同步，并利用粗时频同步提供的信道参数接收TRS，获取TRS信道信息，终端设备在连接态接收信令和/或数据的信道均按照QCL-TypeA与TRS进行同步，既可以为信道提供精细的时频同步信息。其中，QCL以及QCL的各种模式在下文中进行具体说明。
需要说明的是，TRS可以纠正的时频偏的范围是有限的，并且该纠正范围与TRS传输资源集中各TRS传输资源之间的频域间隔子载波数、时域间隔符号数相关。例如时域间隔符号数越小，TRS可纠正的频域范围越大，频域间隔子载波数越小，TRS纠正的时域范围越大。
例如，TRS可以纠正的频偏范围F满足
Figure PCTCN2022120017-appb-000001
其中，SCS为TRS载频的子 载波间隔，D为TRS传输资源集中两个符号在时域上的间隔符号数，结合图2所示，D＝4。在FR1中子载波间隔为15kHz的小区，TRS的可纠正频偏范围F为±1750Hz，在FR2中子载波间隔为120kHz的小区，TRS的可纠正频偏范围为±15000Hz。
在HST场景中，以30GHz载频120kHz子载波的FR2场景，假设HST速度为250km/h，其多普勒频率为7kHz，在不同传输接收点(Transmission Reception Point，TRP)/gNB的切换点，多普勒频率累计为14000Hz，已经接近现有TRS传输资源集的可纠正频偏极限。当HST速度高于250km/h时，现有TRS传输资源集将无法满足纠正多普勒频偏的要求。因此，在终端设备高速移动的场景中，如何增大时频偏的纠正范围，以实现终端设备与网络设备的时频同步是当前亟待解决的问题。
在本申请实施例中，针对上述终端设备因高速移动超出TRS的时频偏纠正范围，导致无法实现精细时频同步的问题，在终端设备进行时频同步的过程中，引入至少两个参考信号资源集(例如TRS传输资源集)，在终端设备的一个时频同步周期内接收到至少两个参考信号资源集承载的参考信号，减小了各参考信号资源之间的时域间隔符号数和/或频域间隔子载波数，进而增大了时频偏的纠正范围。
为便于理解本申请实施例，首先对本申请中涉及到的术语作简单说明。
1、天线端口：为通信系统中的一个逻辑概念。一个天线端口可以对应一个实际的物理天线，也可以是多个物理天线或者天线阵列的组合。当两个信号或者信道的发送天线端口相同时，可以认为这两个信号或者信道在同一段时间内经过的信道是相同的。因此，接收端设备可以对这两个信号或者信道进行联合信道估计，增强信道估计性能，或者将其中一个信号或者信道的信道估计结果应用到另一个信道中，以减少接收复杂度。
2、波束：是一种空间通信资源。网络设备或者终端设备可以通过天线阵列以模拟、数字或者混合的方式对发送波束进行赋形。不同的波束一般被认为是不同空间的资源，因此通过不同的波束可以发送相同的信息以达到覆盖多个不同的空间区域，或者也可以发送不同的信息最大化空间资源。波束可以分为网络设备的发送波束和接收波束，与终端设备的发送波束和接收波束。
3、QCL：是指两个天线端口上的某些信道特性相同，终端设备在接收网络设备发送的信道或者信号时(设为信道A)，需要对该信道A进行信道估计。假设信道A和信道B是QCL的，那么信道A和信道B的某些信道特性相同，如果终端设备在接收信道A之前已经接收了信道B，那么终端设备可以直接将信道B的这些信道特性参数用于信道A的信道估计中，从而简化信道估计流程并且提升了信道估计速度。终端设备预先估计的信道B可以被称为QCL源(source)，信道A依赖于信道B的QCL信息，因此可以被称为QCL目标(target)。
QCL指示的信道特性参数可以包括如下内容：
用于提供信道的多普勒估计的参数：多普勒频率偏移(doppler shift)和多普勒频率扩展(doppler spread)，其中多普勒频率偏移用于表征信道主径的频率偏移；
用于提供信道的精细时间同步的参数：平均时延(Average delay)和时延拓展(Delay spread)，其中，平均时延用于表征信道主径的时延；
空间接收参数(Spatial Rx parameter)：用于表征两个信道可以通过相同的接收波束来接收。
NR定义了两个信道存在4中QCL关系类型，表示为QCL-TypeA，TypeB，TypeC，TypeD。这4中Type分别包括：
QCL-TypeA：Doppler Shift，Doppler Spread，Average delay，Delay spread；
QCL-TypeB：Doppler Shift，Doppler Spread；
QCL-TypeC：Average delay，Doppler Shift；
QCL-TypeD：Spatial Rx parameter。
其中，在QCL-TypeB中，QCL source信道可以为QCL target信道提供多普勒估计的参数，以进行QCLtarget的多普勒估计。
在QCL-TypeC中，QCL source信道可以为QCL target信道提供信道主径的多普勒偏移和平均时延，但由于QCL-TypeC不包括Doppler Spread和Delay spread，QCL source信道中所有径的多普勒频偏和时延情况不能用于QCL target。因此当信道B与信道A是QCL-TypeC时，信道B的QCL信道特征只能为信道A提供粗时频同步。
在QCL-TypeA中，同时包括了Doppler Shift，Doppler Spread，Average delay和Delay spread，是一种约束性最强的QCL关系。当两个信道是QCL-TypeA关系时，这两个信道也是QCL-TypeB和QCL-TypeC关系；QCL-TypeA表示QCL source信道可以为QCL target信道提供精细的时频同步。
在QCL-TypeD中，两个信道可以使用相同的接收波束接收，主要用于FR2的波束选择和波束指示上。
在NR系统中，一个QCL target信道的QCL source信道和对应的QCL类型可以通过高层信令，例如传输配置指示(Transmission Configuration Indicator，TCI)进行配置。来指示其QCL source和对应的QCL类型。
例如TCI可以指示每个信道的两种QCL信息：一种QCL信息是必选配置，例如可以指示QCL-TypeA，QCL-TypeB、QCL-TypeC中的一种；一种QCL信息是可选配置，一般用于FR2高频场景下，指示两个信道(包括QCL target信道和QCL source信道)是否可以使用相同的波束接收，也即指示QCL-TypeD。
TCI还可以指示以下至少一种：
QCL target信道或信号所在的小区；
QCL target信道或信号所处的带宽部分(bandwidth part，BWP)；
QCL source信道或信号是CSI-RS、SSB或TRS。
本申请实施例中，SSB与TRS的QCL关系可以为QCL-TypeC，也即终端设备根据SSB可以对TRS进行粗时频同步；TRS与待接收的下行信息，例如物理下行控制信道(physical downlink control channel，PDCCH)和/或物理下行共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)，二者关系可以为QCL-TypeA，也即终端设备可以根据TRS对待接收的下行信息进行精细时频同步。
为便于理解本申请实施例，做出如下几点说明。
第一，本申请实施例中涉及的PDSCH、PDCCH等信道可以理解为承载信号的物理资源，也可以理解为通过这些资源传输的信号。例如，终端设备通过PDSCH接收信号，也可以表述为终端设备接收PDSCH。本领域的技术人员可以理解其含义。
第二、在下文示出的实施例中，第一、第二以及各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行 的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。例如，区分不同的配置信息、参考信号资源集等。
第三，“预定义”可以通过在设备(例如，包括终端设备和网络设备)中预先保存相应的代码、表格或其他可用于指示相关信息的方式来实现，本申请对于其具体的实现方式不做限定。
“预配置”可以通过在设备(例如，包括终端设备和网络设备)中预先保存相应的代码、表格或其他可用于指示相关信息的方式来实现，也可以通过信令预配置，比如网络设备通过信令预配置等方式来实现，本申请对于其具体的实现方式不做限定。
第四，本申请实施例中涉及的“协议”可以是指通信领域的标准协议，例如可以包括LTE协议、NR协议以及应用于未来的通信系统中的相关协议，本申请对此不做限定。
第五，在本申请实施例中，“当……时”、“在……的情况下”、“若”以及“如果”等描述均指在某种客观情况下设备(如，终端设备或者网络设备)会做出相应的处理，并非是限定时间，且也不要求设备(如，终端设备或者网络设备)在实现时一定要有判断的动作，也不意味着存在其它限定。
下面将结合附图对本申请实施例提供的时频同步方法进行说明。
应理解，下文仅为便于理解和说明，主要以终端设备和网络设备之间的交互为例对本申请实施例所提供的方法进行说明。该终端设备例如可以是图1所示的通信系统中的终端设备任一终端设备，例如终端设备130或终端设备140，网络设备可以是图1所示的通信系统中的网络设备120。
但应理解，这不应对本申请提供的方法的执行主体构成任何限定。只要能够通过运行有本申请实施例提供的方法的代码的程序，以执行本申请实施例提供的方法，便可以作为本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体。例如，下文实施例所示的终端设备也可以替换为终端设备中的部件，比如芯片、芯片系统或其他能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块。
图3是本申请实施例提供的时频同步方法200的示意性流程图。如图3所示，该方法200可以包括S210和S220。下面对方法200中的各个步骤进行说明。
S210，网络设备根据n个参考信号资源集，向终端设备发送多个参考信号，n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数。
相应的，终端设备根据n个参考信号资源集，接收来自网络设备的多个参考信号。
S220，终端设备根据多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
需要说明的是，n个参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源用于承载多个参考信号，换言之，网络设备通过n个参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源向终端设备发送多个参考信号，也即终端设备在n个参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源上接收终端设备发送的多个参考信号。
可选的，该参考信号可以是任意用于进行时频同步的参考信号。例如可以是TRS，如前所述，TRS可以是独立的参考信号也可以是CSI-RS的一种。
可以理解的是，网络设备在终端设备的一次时频同步过程中(也即一个时频同步周期内)根据n个参考信号资源集向终端设备发送多个参考信号，使终端设备根据这 多个参考信号进行时频同步。相比于在一个时频同步周期内根据一个参考信号资源集向终端设备发送参考信号，一个时频同步周期内的参考信号资源的时域密度和/或频域密度更高。
可选的，n个参考信号资源集可以属于上述一个时频同步周期内的一个时间单元，该时间单元例如可以是时隙(slot)、子帧(sub frame)、符号(symbol)、或者其他未来定义的时间单元。本申请实施例中以时间单元为时隙为例进行说明。
可以理解的是，为了使终端设备能够根据n个参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源接收网络设备发送的多个参考信号，该n个参考信号资源集之间应具有关联关系。
n个参考信号资源集之间的关联关系可以包括但不限于以下两种可能的示例：
示例一、n个参考信号资源集承载的多个参考信号来自于网络设备的同一天线端口，也即网络设备通过同一天线端口发送多个参考信号。
示例二、n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的不同时间子单元上。
在上述示例二中，时间单元可以是时隙，时间子单元可以是符号，不同参考信号资源集可以在同一时隙的不同符号上；或者时间单元可以是子帧，时间子单元可以是时隙或者符号，不同参考信号资源集可以在同一子帧的不同时隙上或者在同一子帧的不同符号上。总而言之，参考信号资源集可以在同一时间单元中的不同时域位置上。
在上述示例二中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考资源在同一时间单元的频域位置可以相同也可以不同。本申请实施例对此不作限制。
例如图4a所示，n个参考信号资源集包括第一个参考信号资源集和第二个参考信号资源集。第一个参考信号资源集包括两个第一参考信号资源，两个第一参考信号资源在一个时隙中分别占用符号3和符号7，第二个参考信号资源集包括两个第二参考信号资源，两个第二参考信号资源在该时隙中分别占用符号5和符号9；且第一个参考信号资源集中的每个第一参考信号资源在第二个参考信号资源集中均有与之频域位置相同的第二参考信号资源。
再例如图4b所示，第一个参考信号资源集中的两个第一参考信号资源在一个时隙中分别占用符号3和符号7，第二个参考信号资源集中的两个第二参考信号资源在该时隙中分别占用符号5和符号9；且第一个参考信号资源集中的任一第一参考信号资源在第二个参考信号资源集中均没有与之频域位置相同的第二参考信号资源。
再例如图4c所示，第一个参考信号资源集中的两个第一参考信号资源在一个时隙中分别占用符号3和符号7，第二个参考信号资源集中的两个第二参考信号资源在该时隙中分别占用符号4和符号8；且第一个参考信号资源集中的任一第一参考信号资源在第二个参考信号资源集中均没有与之频域位置相同的第二参考信号资源。
在上述图4b和图4c中，每个参考信号资源在频域上可以占用一个子载波。第一个参考信号资源集中的任一第一参考信号资源在第二个参考信号资源集中均没有与之频域位置相同的第二参考信号资源，也即在同一子载波上可以存在第一个参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源和第二个参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源；第一个参考信号资源集中的任一第一参考信号资源在第二个参考信号资源集中均没有与之频域位置相同的第二参考信号资源，也即在同一子载波上仅存在第一个参考信号资源集中的参考 信号或者第二个参考信号资源集中的参考信号。
n个参考信号资源集在同一时间单元内组成的参考信号图案(例如TRS图案(pattern))，可以是图4a至图4c中任一图案。TRS图案可以是时域上均匀分布的，也即时域间隔相同，例如图4a和图4b中参考信号资源占用符号3、符号5、符号7和符号9，间隔符号数均为1个；TRS图案也可以是时域上非均匀分布的，也即时域间隔不同，例如图4c中参考信号资源占用符号3、4、7、8，符号3和符号4、符号7和符号8之间不存在间隔的符号，符号4和符号7之间间隔的符号数为2个。
可选的，各参考信号资源集的参考信号资源之间的时域间隔可以相同，例如图4a至图4c中第一个参考信号资源集的两个参考信号资源之间的时域间隔为4个符号，第二个参考信号资源集的两个参考信号资源之间的时域间隔也为4个符号；各参考信号资源集的参考信号资源的带宽可以相同；各参考信号资源集的QCL关系可以相同。
参见图4a和图4b所示，n个参考信号资源集组成的参考信号图案的时域间隔为D＝2，相比于图2中的间隔符号数D＝4，其可纠正的时频偏范围增大了1倍，可以满足终端设备高速移动(如HST中的终端设备随HST移动)的场景。
上述示例二，仅以n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元的不同时域位置进行示例性的说明，可以理解的是，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源也可以在同一时间单元时域位置相同，频域位置不同。
在一些实施例中，假设不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在时间单元的频域位置不同。终端设备需要对接收的该多个参考信号进行信号处理，并根据处理后的参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
例如，终端设备可以对多个参考信号进行插值处理，并根据插值处理后的多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。例如对图4b中的参考信号进行插值处理，可以得到图5所示的参考信号图案，图5中所示的第三参考信号资源即为经过插值的到的参考信号的资源。网络设备与终端设备在图5所示的第一参考信号资源和第二参考信号资源的资源位置上传输的参考信号，可以视为在第一参考信号资源、第二参考信号资源和第三参考信号资源上接收到参考信号。
可选的，S220中的下行信道为网络设备向终端设备发送的下行信道，也即网络设备通过下行信道向终端设备发送下行信息，例如下行信道可以是PDCCH和/或PDSCH。网络设备可以在向终端设备发送多个参考信号后，向终端设备发送下行信道，或者网络设备可以向终端设备同时发送多个参考信号和下行信道，本申请对此不作限定。
本申请实施例中，终端设备可以根据从n个参考信号资源集接收的多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步，使终端设备的一个时频同步周期内接收到的参考信号的时域密度或者频域密度更高，进而增大了时频偏的纠正范围。
图6是本申请实施例提供的时频同步方法300的示意性流程图。如图6所示，该方法300在图3所示的方法200的基础上还可以包括S230-1和S230-2。图6中的S210和S220已在上述实施例中说明，此处不再赘述。
S230-1，网络设备向终端设备发送n个配置信息；其中，
n个配置信息分别用于配置n个参考信号资源集，n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，该关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的 参考信号资源集，第一参考信号资源集为第一配置信息配置的参考信号资源集。
相应的，终端设备接收来自网络设备的n个配置信息。
S230-2，网络设备向终端设备发送第二配置信息；其中，所述第二配置信息用于配置所述n个参考信号资源集。
相应的，终端设备接收来自所述网络设备的第二配置信息。
在方法300中，S230-1和S230-2为择一执行，S230-2以虚线标识。
针对上述S230-1，需要说明的是，n个配置信息与n个参考信号资源集一一对应。每个配置信息可以对一个参考信号资源集进行指示。其中，第一配置信息为n个配置信息中的任一配置信息，该第一配置信息指示的参考信号资源集为第一参考信号资源集，第一个参考信号资源集可以是n个参考信号资源集中的任一参考信号资源集。
需要说明的是，第一配置信息中的关联指示信息可以指示n个参考信号资源集中与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的m个参考信号资源集，m可以是大于或等于1且小于n的整数。
例如，网络设备可以在两个参考信号资源集的任意一个参考信号资源集的配置信令中，指示和它具有相同天线端口的参考信号资源集的标识(ID)；例如网络设备需要配置第一个参考信号资源集和第二个参考信号资源集，那么在第二个参考信号资源集的配置信令中，网络设备可以使用same-Port-nzp-CSI-ResourceSetId指示第一个参考信号资源集的ID，表示两个参考信号资源集的参考信号使用相同的天线端口，此时第二个参考信号资源集的配置信令即为第一配置信息。
Figure PCTCN2022120017-appb-000002
可选的，n个配置信息中可以包括一个或多个第一配置信息。
可选的，n个配置信息可以为网络设备通过同一天线端口发送的。
在上述S230-1中，网络设备通过n个配置信息分别配置n个参考信号资源集，并通过n个配置信息中的至少一个第一配置信息指示n个参考信号资源集之间的关联关系，使终端设备能够准确接收到n个具有关联关系的参考信号资源集上传输的多个参考信号。
针对上述S230-2，需要说明的是，网络设备可以通过一个配置信息(如第二配置信息)为终端设备配置n个参考信号资源集。该第二配置信息可以理解为增强型参考信号资源集配置信令，例如为TRS-Enh-ResourceSet，该增强型参考信号资源集配置信令中包括有n个现有技术中的参考信号资源集配置信令，如下列信令：
Figure PCTCN2022120017-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2022120017-appb-000004
在上述S230-2中，网络设备通过一个配置信息即可配置n个参考信号资源集，节省了信令开销。
以上，结合图3至图6详细说明了本申请实施例提供的方法。以下，结合图7和图8详细说明本申请实施例提供的装置。
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置400的结构示意图。如图7所示，该通信装置400可以包括收发单元410和处理单元420。
可选的，该通信装置400可应用于上文方法实施例中的终端设备，例如可以为终端设备，或者配置于终端设备中的部件(如，芯片或芯片系统等)。
其中，当通信装置400应用于终端设备时，该收发单元410可以用于根据n个参考信号资源集，接收来自网络设备的多个参考信号，该n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数；处理单元420可以用于根据该多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
在一些实施例中，该n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的不同符号上。
在一些实施例中，该多个参考信号来自于该网络设备的同一天线端口。
在一些实施例中，该收发单元410还用于：接收来自该网络设备的n个配置信息；其中，该n个配置信息分别用于配置该n个参考信号资源集，该n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，该关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的n-1个参考信号资源集，该第一参考信号资源集为该第一配置信息配置的参考信号资源集。
在一些实施例中，该收发单元410还用于：接收来自该网络设备的第二配置信息；其中，该第二配置信息用于配置该n个参考信号资源集。
在一些实施例中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置相同。
在一些实施例中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置不同。
在一些实施例中，该处理单元420具体用于：对该多个参考信号进行插值处理；根据插值处理后的多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
当该通信装置400为终端设备时，该通信装置400中的处理单元420可以通过处理器实现，例如可对应于图8中所示的通信装置500中的处理器510。收发单元410可以通过收发器实现，例如可对应于图8中所示的通信装置500中的收发器520。
当该通信装置400为配置于终端设备中的芯片或芯片系统时，该通信装置400中 的处理单元420和收发单元410均可以通过输入/输出接口、电路等实现。
可选的，该通信装置400可应用于上文方法实施例中的网络设备，例如可以为网络设备，或者配置于网络设备中的部件(如，芯片或芯片系统等)。
其中，当通信装置400应用于网络设备时，处理单元420可以用于确定n个参考信号资源集，该n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数；收发单元410可以用于根据该n个参考信号资源集，向终端设备发送多个参考信号。
在一些实施例中，该n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的不同符号上。
在一些实施例中，该多个参考信号来自于该网络设备的同一天线端口。
在一些实施例中，该收发单元410还用于：向该终端设备发送n个配置信息；其中，该n个配置信息分别用于配置该n个参考信号资源集，该n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，该关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的n-1个参考信号资源集，该第一参考信号资源集为该第一配置信息配置的参考信号资源集。
在一些实施例中，该收发单元410还用于：向该终端设备发送第二配置信息；其中，该第二配置信息用于配置该n个参考信号资源集。
在一些实施例中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置相同。
在一些实施例中，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在该时间单元的频域位置不同。
应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
当该通信装置400为网络设备时，该通信装置400中的处理单元420可以通过处理器实现，例如可对应于图8中所示的通信装置500中的处理器510。收发单元410可以通过收发器实现，例如可对应于图8中所示的通信装置500中的收发器520。
当该通信装置400为配置于网络设备中的芯片或芯片系统时，该通信装置400中的处理单元420和收发单元410均可以通过输入/输出接口、电路等实现。
图8为本申请实施例提供的通信装置500的另一示意性框图。如图8所示，该装置500可以包括：处理器510、收发器520和存储器530。其中，处理器510、收发器520和存储器530通过内部连接通路互相通信，该存储器530用于存储指令，该处理器510用于执行该存储器530存储的指令，以控制该收发器520发送信号和/或接收信号。
应理解，该通信装置500可以对应于上述方法实施例中的终端设备，并且可以用于执行上述方法实施例中终端设备执行的各个步骤和/或流程。可选地，该存储器530可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器提供指令和数据。存储器的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器。存储器530可以是一个单独的器件，也可以集成在处理器510中。该处理器510可以用于执行存储器530中存储的指令，并且当该处理器510执行存储器中存储的指令时，该处理器510用于执行上述与终端设备对应的方法实施例的各个步骤和/或流程。
可选地，该通信装置500是前文实施例中的终端设备。
其中，收发器520可以包括发射机和接收机。收发器520还可以进一步包括天线，天线的数量可以为一个或多个。该处理器510和存储器530与收发器520可以是集成在不同芯片上的器件。如，处理器510和存储器530可以集成在基带芯片中，收发器520可以集成在射频芯片中。该处理器510和存储器530与收发器520也可以是集成在同一个芯片上的器件。本申请对此不作限定。
可选地，该通信装置500是配置在终端设备中的部件，如芯片、芯片系统等。
其中，收发器520也可以是通信接口，如输入/输出接口、电路等。该收发器520与处理器510和存储器530都可以集成在同一个芯片中，如集成在基带芯片中。
本申请还提供了一种处理装置，包括至少一个处理器，所述至少一个处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述处理装置执行上述方法实施例中终端设备或网络设备执行的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和输入输出接口。所述输入输出接口与所述处理器耦合。所述输入输出接口用于输入和/或输出信息。所述信息包括指令和数据中的至少一项。所述处理器用于执行计算机程序，以使得所述处理装置执行上述方法实施例中终端设备或网络设备执行的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和存储器。所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于从所述存储器调用并运行所述计算机程序，以使得所述处理装置执行上述方法实施例中终端设备或网络设备执行的方法。
应理解，上述处理装置可以是一个或多个芯片。例如，该处理装置可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，可以是专用集成芯片(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。
在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动 态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行上述方法实施例中的终端设备或网络设备执行的方法。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有程序代码，当该程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行上述方法实施例中的终端设备或网络设备执行的方法。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种通信系统，该通信系统可以包括前述的终端设备或网络设备。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种时频同步方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备根据n个参考信号资源集，接收来自网络设备的多个参考信号，所述n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数；
    所述终端设备根据所述多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在所述时间单元的不同符号上。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个参考信号来自于所述网络设备的同一天线端口。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备接收来自所述网络设备的n个配置信息；其中，
    所述n个配置信息分别用于配置所述n个参考信号资源集，所述n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，所述关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的n-1个参考信号资源集，所述第一参考信号资源集为所述第一配置信息配置的参考信号资源集。
  5. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备接收来自所述网络设备的第二配置信息；其中，所述第二配置信息用于配置所述n个参考信号资源集。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在同一时间单元的频域位置相同。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在同一时间单元的频域位置不同。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步，包括：
    所述终端设备对所述多个参考信号进行插值处理；
    所述终端设备根据插值处理后的多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
  9. 一种时频同步方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络设备根据n个参考信号资源集，向终端设备发送多个参考信号，所述n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在所述时间单元的不同符号上。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个参考信号来自于所述网络设备的同一天线端口。
  12. 根据权利要求9至11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送n个配置信息；其中，
    所述n个配置信息分别用于配置所述n个参考信号资源集，所述n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，所述关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的n-1个参考信号资源集，所述第一参考信号资源集为所述第一配置 信息配置的参考信号资源集。
  13. 根据权利要求9至11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送第二配置信息；其中，所述第二配置信息用于配置所述n个参考信号资源集。
  14. 根据权利要求9至13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在同一时间单元的频域位置相同。
  15. 根据权利要求9至13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在同一时间单元的频域位置不同。
  16. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于根据n个参考信号资源集，接收来自网络设备的多个参考信号，所述n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数；
    处理单元，用于根据所述多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述n个参考信号资源集处于同一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在所述时间单元的不同符号上。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述多个参考信号来自于所述网络设备的同一天线端口。
  19. 根据权利要求16至18任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    接收来自所述网络设备的n个配置信息；其中，
    所述n个配置信息分别用于配置所述n个参考信号资源集，所述n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，所述关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的n-1个参考信号资源集，所述第一参考信号资源集为所述第一配置信息配置的参考信号资源集。
  20. 根据权利要求16至18任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    接收来自所述网络设备的第二配置信息；其中，所述第二配置信息用于配置所述n个参考信号资源集。
  21. 根据权利要求16至20任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在同一时间单元的频域位置相同。
  22. 根据权利要求16至20任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在同一时间单元的频域位置不同。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元具体用于：
    对所述多个参考信号进行插值处理；
    根据插值处理后的多个参考信号，对下行信道进行时频同步。
  24. 一种通信装置，包括：
    处理单元，用于确定n个参考信号资源集，所述n个参考信号资源集之间具有关联关系，n为大于1的整数；
    收发单元，用于根据所述n个参考信号资源集，向终端设备发送多个参考信号。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述n个参考信号资源集处于同 一时间单元，且不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在所述时间单元的不同符号上。
  26. 根据权利要求24或25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述多个参考信号来自于所述通信装置的同一天线端口。
  27. 根据权利要求24至26任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    向所述终端设备发送n个配置信息；其中，
    所述n个配置信息分别用于配置所述n个参考信号资源集，所述n个配置信息中的第一配置信息包括关联指示信息，所述关联指示信息用于指示与第一参考信号资源集具有关联关系的n-1个参考信号资源集，所述第一参考信号资源集为所述第一配置信息配置的参考信号资源集。
  28. 根据权利要求24至26任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    向所述终端设备发送第二配置信息；其中，所述第二配置信息用于配置所述n个参考信号资源集。
  29. 根据权利要求24至28任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在同一时间单元的频域位置相同。
  30. 根据权利要求24至28任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，不同参考信号资源集中的参考信号资源在同一时间单元的频域位置不同。
  31. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，处理器和存储器，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法。
  32. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括：处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机指令，使得安装有所述芯片的设备执行如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法。
  33. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法。
  34. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法。
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