WO2023045104A1 - 海上塔架系泊基础和风力发电机组 - Google Patents

海上塔架系泊基础和风力发电机组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023045104A1
WO2023045104A1 PCT/CN2021/137172 CN2021137172W WO2023045104A1 WO 2023045104 A1 WO2023045104 A1 WO 2023045104A1 CN 2021137172 W CN2021137172 W CN 2021137172W WO 2023045104 A1 WO2023045104 A1 WO 2023045104A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tower
foundation
mooring
offshore
adapter
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PCT/CN2021/137172
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张天宇
翟恩地
李荣富
方龙
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福建金风科技有限公司
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Application filed by 福建金风科技有限公司 filed Critical 福建金风科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023045104A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045104A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the disclosure belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular relates to an offshore tower mooring foundation and a wind power generating set.
  • Offshore floating wind turbine systems will be subject to complex combined loads of wind, waves and currents. Under different sea conditions, it is necessary to restrict the movement of the wind turbine within the allowable range to ensure the normal operation of the wind turbine and stable power output.
  • Floating wind turbines are usually developed and designed in sea areas with a water depth of 40m or more.
  • the mooring system form is determined by the water depth and the form of the floating foundation.
  • the conventional mooring design generally adopts a distributed or single-point catenary mooring system, and tension mooring systems can also be used.
  • the main purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an offshore tower mooring foundation to reduce the cost of an offshore wind power generating set.
  • the offshore tower mooring foundation includes a tower foundation for supporting the tower, a fixing seat for fixing on the seabed and a transfer device, the An adapter device is connected between the tower foundation and the fixed seat, the adapter device has a pivot shaft, the adapter device includes an adapter frame, and the adapter frame is rotatably connected to the fixed base.
  • the adapter frame is mounted on the seat so that the adapter frame can rotate around the pivot axis, and the tower foundation is connected to the adapter frame to rotate with the adapter frame around the pivot axis.
  • the offshore tower mooring foundation provided by the present disclosure may include an adapter device, which is connected between the tower foundation and the fixing seat, and the adapter device may include an adapter frame, and the tower A frame base is connected to the adapter frame for rotation with the adapter frame about the pivot axis.
  • the offshore tower mooring foundation provided by the present disclosure has a simple structure, and significantly reduces the manufacturing cost of the offshore tower mooring foundation. Fixing on the seabed by the fixing seat can prevent the tower foundation connected with it from drifting out of control at will and cause collision with other components, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the wind generating set includes a tower, an impeller fixed on the top of the tower, and the mooring foundation of the offshore tower as described above, the tower is fixed on the on the base of the tower. In this way, the manufacturing cost and operation and maintenance cost of the wind power generating set can be reduced.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a wind power generating set provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a fixing seat provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Pile-anchor support structure 112. Pile-anchor column;
  • Floating wind turbines are usually developed and designed in sea areas with a water depth of 40m or more.
  • the form of the mooring foundation of the floating wind turbine can be determined by the water depth of the mooring foundation and the form of the floating foundation.
  • the mooring foundation is divided according to the structural form. It can be in the form of multi-point mooring and single-point mooring; according to the form of restoring force, it can be divided into catenary form, tension mooring and semi-tension mooring; according to the composition of cables, it can be divided into Pure anchor chain, pure anchor cable and mixed forms of anchor chain and anchor cable.
  • the more common mooring foundations currently on the market generally have the following deficiencies:
  • Catenary mooring foundation it is usually installed in sea areas with a water depth of more than 60m, and for shallow sea areas, such as sea areas with a water depth range of 40-60m, due to the weakening of the catenary effect of the mooring chain, the hydrodynamic shallow water effect is obvious , the mooring force is large, which leads to a significant increase in the cost of the catenary mooring foundation.
  • Single-point mooring foundation It is usually set in deep sea areas.
  • the single-point mooring foundation usually requires a turret structure and an anchor chain to be used together, and the manufacturing cost is relatively high.
  • Tensioned mooring foundation The installation is more complicated, resulting in higher manufacturing costs. During the operation of the floating fan, it needs to be pre-tensioned regularly, which increases the operation and maintenance costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a wind turbine with the offshore tower mooring foundation provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. .
  • the wind power generating set may comprise a tower 2, an offshore tower mooring foundation for supporting the tower 2, and a nacelle 1 fixed on the top of the tower 2, an impeller is arranged in front of the nacelle 1, and an impeller is arranged on the impeller.
  • the wind blade 16 under the action of external wind force, the wind blade 16 will be pushed to drive the impeller to rotate, so that the wind energy can be converted into electric energy.
  • the offshore tower mooring foundation may include a tower foundation 3, a fixing seat 11, and an adapter device 18, wherein the tower foundation 3 may be used to support the tower 2, and the fixing seat 11 may be used for Fixed on the seabed, the mooring foundation of the offshore tower is connected to the seabed through the fixed seat 11 to prevent the tower foundation 3 from floating out of control, so that the tower foundation 3 is limited to move within a predetermined range, and the tower foundation 3 is prevented from floating arbitrarily with the waves. Collision with other components improves the safety and reliability of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the offshore tower mooring foundation provided by the present disclosure may include an adapter device 18, which is connected between the tower foundation 3 and the fixed seat 11, and the adapter device 18 may include an adapter frame 19, the tower The frame base 3 is connected to the adapter frame 19 to rotate around the pivot axis with the adapter frame 19 .
  • the offshore tower mooring foundation provided by the present disclosure has a simple structure, and significantly reduces the manufacturing cost of the offshore tower mooring foundation. Fixing the fixed seat 11 on the seabed can prevent the tower foundation 3 connected to it from drifting out of control and causing collision with other components, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the fixing seat 11 may be a cylindrical structure, for example but not limited to, the fixing seat 11 may be a suction cylinder or a pile anchor.
  • the suction cylinder refers to a cylindrical structure made of rolled steel panels.
  • the mooring foundation is lowered and the whole is poured by using the principle of negative pressure.
  • the installation difficulty of the fixing seat 11 can be reduced by fixing the suction cylinder, thereby reducing the installation difficulty of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower, and further reducing the operation and maintenance cost of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the suction cylinder provided by the present disclosure has a compact structure and can reduce basic costs.
  • the pile anchor may include a pile anchor body and a pile anchor support structure 111, wherein the pile anchor body may include at least three pile anchor columns 112 located on the same circumference and arranged at the center of the circumference.
  • the central pile-anchor column 113, the pile-anchor support structure 111 is connected between the pile-anchor column 112 and the central pile-anchor column 113.
  • the turntable 12 can be arranged on the central pile anchor column 113, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the central pile anchor column 113 may be located above the pile anchor column 112, but not limited thereto.
  • the adapter device 18 can be connected between the tower foundation 3 and the fixing base 11 .
  • the adapter device 18 can include an adapter frame 19, the adapter device 18 can have a pivot shaft, the adapter frame 19 can rotate around the pivot axis, and the tower base 3 can be connected to the adapter frame 19 to rotate around the adapter frame 19.
  • the pivot axis rotates. It can be understood that the pivot axis can be set on the fixing seat 11, and the pivot axis can be a virtual axis.
  • the offshore tower mooring foundation provided by the present disclosure may include an adapter device 18, which is connected between the tower foundation 3 and the fixed seat 11, and the adapter device 18 may include an adapter frame 19, the tower The frame base 3 is connected to the adapter frame 19 to rotate around the pivot axis with the adapter frame 19 .
  • the offshore tower mooring foundation provided by the present disclosure has a simple structure, and significantly reduces the manufacturing cost of the offshore tower mooring foundation. Fixing the fixed seat 11 on the seabed can prevent the tower foundation 3 connected to it from drifting out of control and causing collision with other components, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the adapter device 18 may include a boss 20 and a turntable 12 pivotably connected to the boss 20, the tower foundation 3 is connected to the turntable 12, the turntable 12 can rotate around a pivot axis, and the adapter frame 19 is fixed on the turntable 12, so that the adapter frame 19 can rotate around the pivot axis with the turntable 12, so as to drive the tower foundation 3 to rotate around the pivot axis.
  • the yoke 10 and the ballast tank 9 can rotate around the turntable 12 more smoothly, the yoke 10 can be a rigid structure, and has a connection function, and the yoke 10 can transmit the force between the ballast tank 9 and the turntable 12 and moment.
  • one end of the yoke 10 can be connected to the turntable 12 through a bearing, which can realize the circumferential swing around the pivot axis, and the other end of the yoke 10 can be fixedly connected with the ballast tank 9 to swing longitudinally with the waves Movement, that is, the pitch and roll of the adapter frame 19 provided by the present disclosure are performed independently.
  • the yoke 10 acts as a connection and can transmit all forces and moments between the connected parts.
  • the yoke 10 is used to connect the ballast tank 9 and the turntable 12, and it can Forces and moments between ballast tanks 9.
  • the ballast tank 9 can be used as the main source of restoring force.
  • the boss 20 can be fixed on the fixed seat 11, for example but not limited to, can be fixed on the top of the fixed seat 11, that is, the boss 20 can protrude from the top surface of the fixed seat 11, and the turntable 12 can be connected to
  • a predetermined distance is set between the turntable 12 and the fixed seat 11, so as to avoid contact between the adapter frame 19 or the turntable 12 and the top surface of the fixed seat 11 during the rotation of the adapter frame 19 around the pivot axis. And friction is generated, which improves the smoothness of the operation of the tower foundation 3 .
  • the boss 20 may be a cylinder whose centerline may coincide with the pivot axis.
  • the fixing base 11 may be a cylindrical shell, and the centerline of the fixing base 11 may coincide with the pivot axis, but not limited thereto.
  • the diameter of the boss 20 is not larger than the diameter of the fixing seat 11 .
  • the diameter of the boss 20 is smaller than that of the fixing seat 11 , on the one hand, the material consumption of the boss 20 is reduced, thereby reducing the cost.
  • the size of the bearing between the turntable 12 and the boss 20 is small, thereby reducing the weight of the bearing, making the transfer device 18 lighter and easier to assemble.
  • connection mode between the turntable 12 and the fixing seat 11 is shown in this embodiment, but it is not limited thereto.
  • An annular groove (not shown) is provided on the outer peripheral wall, and the turntable 12 is rotatably disposed in the annular groove.
  • a bearing is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the fixing base 11, and the rotating disk 12 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the bearing.
  • the turntable 12 may be in the shape of an annular disk, which has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, thereby further reducing the manufacturing cost of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the turntable 12 may be annular, for example but not limited to, may be annular.
  • the adapter frame 19 may also include a yoke 10 and a ballast tank 9, the turntable 12 is connected to the boss 20 through a bearing, the ballast tank 9 and the turntable 12 are spaced apart, and the yoke 10 is connected between the turntable 12 and the turntable 12. Between 9 ballast tanks.
  • the ballast tank 9 can be used to provide restoring force to the tower foundation to balance with the buoyancy force borne by the tower foundation 3 , so as to prevent the tower foundation 3 from detaching from the fixing seat 11 .
  • the yoke 10 can be used to connect the ballast tank 9 and the turntable 12, for example but not limited to, the yoke 10 can be a rigid structure.
  • the adapter frame 19 is roughly formed in a triangular structure, has good structural stability, can be stably connected to the turntable 12, and prevents the ballast tank 9 from shaking and colliding with other structures during the rotation of the adapter frame 19. collision.
  • the yoke 10 can be an A-shaped structure, the small end of the yoke 10 can be fixed on the turntable 12, the large end of the yoke 10 can be arranged on the outer peripheral side of the fixing seat 11, and the ballast tank 9 can be arranged on the The big end of the yoke 10.
  • the adapter frame 19 may be an isosceles triangle structure, that is, the two sides of the A-shape of the yoke 10 have the same length, but not limited thereto.
  • the yoke 10 can be a rigid structure and has a connection function, and the yoke 10 can transmit the force and moment between the ballast tank 9 and the turntable 12 .
  • the size of the yoke 10 in the direction perpendicular to the pivot axis is larger than the diameter of the fixed seat 11, so that the ballast tanks 9 are arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral side of the fixed seat 11, and avoid contact with the fixed seat during the rotation of the adapter frame 19. 11 produces interference, which further improves the smoothness of the operation of the tower foundation 3 .
  • the ballast tank 9 can be used to provide a restoring force to the tower foundation 3 to act on the tower foundation 3 in cooperation with the buoyancy borne by the tower foundation 3 , thereby preventing the tower foundation 3 from detaching from the fixing seat 11 .
  • the density of the ballast tank 9 may be greater than that of seawater, so as to provide the restoring force of the tower foundation 3 .
  • at least one accommodating chamber may be provided in the ballast tank 9, and ballast may be provided in the accommodating chamber, for example but not limited to, the ballast may be at least one of iron ore, scrap iron filings and concrete.
  • the ballast tank 9 can be a hollow shell structure, and one or more accommodating cavities can be arranged in the ballast tank 9, and the accommodating cavities can be selectively provided with iron ore, scrap iron chips and concrete At least one, of course, can also be empty, ie not filled with ballast, if required.
  • the adapter device 18 may also include a mooring support frame 15 and an anchor chain 8 , the mooring support frame 15 may be fixed on the tower foundation 3 , and the mooring support frame 15 is connected to the ballast tank 9 through the anchor chain 8 .
  • the mooring support frame 15 can be arranged on the side of the side column 5 facing away from the central column 17, so as to prevent the anchor chain 8 from interfering with the tower foundation 3 during the rotation of the tower foundation 3 around the pivot axis. Interference of components further improves the operational reliability of the offshore tower mooring foundation.
  • the mooring support frame 15 can be fixed on the side column 5 of the tower foundation 3 and connected with the anchor chain 8 to bear the tension between the tower foundation 3 and the fixing seat 11 .
  • the mooring support frame 15 can be a rigid frame, and can be arranged on the side of the tower foundation 3, so that the tower foundation 3 and the fixing seat 11 have enough space in the horizontal direction to prevent the tower foundation 3 from moving. Collide with the fixed seat 11, which further improves the safety and reliability of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the mooring support frame 15 can be a rigid frame, which can avoid collision and uncontrolled drift of the buoy on the tower foundation and excitation oscillation between the tanker and the buoy. This is the effect of using a rigid arm, which improves the safety and reliability of the system.
  • the mooring support frame 15 can be connected to the tower foundation 3 , for example but not limited to, the mooring support frame 15 can be a frame structure to reduce the weight of the mooring support frame 15 .
  • the mooring support frame 15 can be roughly triangular in structure, and a vertex of the triangle is fixed on the tower foundation 3, and the side of the triangle opposite to the vertex is roughly arranged in parallel with the ballast tank 9, and between the ballast tank 9 and the system
  • Anchor chains 8 are arranged between the mooring support frames 15 .
  • the mooring support frame 15 can be arranged on the top of the side column 5 , but not limited thereto, the mooring support frame 15 can also be arranged at the middle or lower part of the side column 5 .
  • the ballast tank 9 and the mooring support frame 15 form a flexible connection through the anchor chain 8.
  • the anchor The chain 8 can better adapt to the distance change, thereby improving the operational reliability of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower, so that the tower foundation 3 can not only rise and fall with the waves, but also can be pushed horizontally by the waves, so that the tower Foundation 3 can adapt to complex working conditions at sea.
  • the tower foundation 3 may be a concrete member or a steel structure member, but not limited thereto.
  • one end of the anchor chain 8 is hinged on the mooring support frame 15, and the other end of the anchor chain 8 is hinged on the ballast tank 9, so as to move more smoothly when the tower foundation 3 bumps up and down with the waves and avoid jamming .
  • the mooring foundation of the offshore tower may further include an anchor chain 8, and the two ends of the anchor chain 8 may be hinged on the adapter frame 19 and the mooring support frame 15, respectively.
  • the anchor chain 8 can be a flexible structure.
  • the anchor chain 8 may be composed of ordinary R3, R4 or R5 level anchor chains, but not limited thereto.
  • both ends of the anchor chain 8 can be rotated with the adapter frame 19 or the mooring support frame 15 through a swivel joint or a universal joint.
  • the switching device 18 may also include a dynamic cable 14 and an electric slip ring 13, the electric slip ring 13 may be fixed on the upper part of the tower foundation 3, and one end of the dynamic cable 14 may be electrically connected to the electric slip ring 13. The other end of the dynamic cable 14 can be electrically connected to the fixed base 11 .
  • the electric slip ring 13 can be kept on the upper part of the tower foundation 3 and exposed to the sea surface, reducing the risk of contact with seawater, thereby improving the operational reliability of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the torque generated by the dynamic cable 14 can be released through the electric slip ring 13, while ensuring the normal transmission of electric power and electric signals.
  • the electric slip ring 13 can be kept above the water surface, thereby reducing the risk of failure of the electric slip ring 13 and improving the reliability of the electric slip ring 13 .
  • the torque generated by the rotation of the tower 2 provided by the present disclosure can be transmitted through the dynamic cable 14, and the torque release and power transmission can be realized through the electric slip ring 13.
  • the dynamic cable 14 can be a kind of power transmission cable, which bears dynamic loads all the time, and thus requires a special design.
  • Corresponding accessories such as buoys can be arranged on the dynamic cable 14, can be designed into wave type, can not pull off because of floating fan motion.
  • the torque generated by the dynamic cable 14 can be released through the electric slip ring 13, while ensuring the normal transmission of electric power and electric signals. Since the dynamic cable 14 needs to carry a certain torque, the strength of the dynamic cable 14 is additionally strengthened compared with conventional cables.
  • the electric slip ring 13 is used for transmitting power supply and/or signal supply during unrestricted continuous rotation.
  • the electric slip ring 13 can be used to transmit power supply and/or signal supply during unrestricted continuous rotation.
  • the upper end of the dynamic line 14 may be fixed to a mooring support frame 15 .
  • the tower foundation 3 may include a central column 17 and side columns 5 , the central column 17 is used to support the tower 2 , and the side columns 5 are fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the central column 17 .
  • the tower foundation 3 itself can maintain balance.
  • the tower foundation 3 can still maintain balance without rollover, which further improves the mooring foundation of the offshore tower. operational reliability.
  • the tower foundation 3 is easier to maintain balance and prevent rollover, thereby improving the operation reliability of the tower foundation 3 .
  • the upper end of the dynamic cable 14 may also be fixed on the side column 5, but not limited thereto.
  • the cross-section of the side column 5 provided in the present disclosure is circular, and the cross-section of the central column 17 may be circular, but not limited thereto, and may also be rectangular.
  • the tower foundation 3 may also include a buoyancy tank 7, which can provide buoyancy and ballast for the tower foundation 3, and the buoyancy tank 7 is connected between the adjacent side columns 5, or connected to the side columns 5 Between the central column 17, wherein the pontoon 7 is arranged at the bottom of the side column 5.
  • the density of the buoyant box 7 provided in this embodiment can be lower than that of seawater so as to be able to float on the sea surface. Under the action of the buoyant box 7, the tower foundation 3 can float stably on the sea surface and cannot sink into the seabed.
  • the tower foundation 3 provided in the present disclosure may be a semi-submersible tower foundation, but not limited thereto.
  • the tower foundation 3 may also include cross braces 4, and the cross braces 4 may be connected between adjacent side columns 5, such as but not limited to, may be connected on the side The top of column 5.
  • the cross brace 4 can also be connected between the central column 17 and the side column 5.
  • the mooring foundation of the offshore tower may include a fixing base 11 and a tower foundation 3, and the fixing base 11 may be fixed on the seabed to prevent uncontrolled drifting of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the tower foundation 3 can be used to support the tower 2, so that the tower 2 can move within a certain range around the pivot axis, so that the tower 2 can drift or sink with the waves within a predetermined range, so as to adapt to the complex working conditions at sea .
  • the mooring foundation in the mooring foundation of the offshore tower provided by the present disclosure has a simple structure, and significantly reduces the manufacturing cost of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the offshore tower mooring foundation provided by the present disclosure saves material cost by more than 30%.
  • the offshore tower mooring foundation provided by the present disclosure has a simple structure and is easy to install. Compared with the traditional catenary mooring system or tension mooring system, the offshore tower mooring foundation can save 50% of the installation time. %, the installation cost can be saved by 40%, which further reduces the manufacturing cost of the offshore tower mooring foundation.
  • the tower foundation 3 may also include a heave plate 6 , and the heave plate 6 may be fixed below the side column 5 .
  • the heave plate 6 can increase the weight of the tower foundation 3 to improve the stability of the tower foundation 3, prevent the tower foundation 3 from rolling over due to the impact of waves, and improve the safety of the mooring foundation of the offshore tower.
  • the tower foundation 3 provided by the present disclosure makes full use of the characteristics of the single point mooring system to conform to the direction of the environment, and reduces the hydrodynamic load.
  • the wind generating set includes a tower 2 , an impeller fixed on the top of the tower 2 , and the mooring foundation of the offshore tower as above.
  • the tower 2 is fixed on the tower foundation 3 . In this way, the manufacturing cost and operation and maintenance cost of the wind power generating set can be reduced.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two elements. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure in specific situations.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种海上塔架系泊基础和风力发电机组，海上塔架系泊基础包括用于支撑塔架的塔架基础，用于固定在海底的固定座以及转接装置，转接装置连接于塔架基础和固定座之间，转接装置具有枢转轴，转接装置包括转接架，使转接架能够绕枢转轴转动，塔架基础连接在转接架上，以随转接架绕枢转轴旋转。通过固定座固定在海底可以防止与其连接的塔架基础随意漂流失控而导致与其他部件产生撞击，从而提高了海上塔架系泊基础的安全可靠性。

Description

海上塔架系泊基础和风力发电机组 技术领域
本公开属于风力发电技术领域，尤其涉及一种海上塔架系泊基础和风力发电机组。
背景技术
海上漂浮式风机系统会受到复杂的风、浪和流的联合载荷作用，在不同的海况下，需要限制风机在允许的范围内运动，以保证风机的正常工作和稳定的电力输出。漂浮式风机通常在水深40m以上海域进行开发设计，其系泊系统形式由水深及浮式基础形式决定，常规的系泊设计一般采用散布式或单点式悬链线锚泊系统，亦可采用张紧式人工合成缆绳的系泊方式，但上述这些基础的制造成本居高不下。
发明内容
本公开的主要目的在于提供一种海上塔架系泊基础，以降低海上风力发电机组的成本。
针对上述发明目的，本公开提供如下技术方案：
本公开的一个方面，提供一种海上塔架系泊基础，所述海上塔架系泊基础包括用于支撑塔架的塔架基础，用于固定在海底的固定座以及转接装置，所述转接装置连接于所述塔架基础和所述固定座之间，所述转接装置具有枢转轴，所述转接装置包括转接架，所述转接架可转动地连接在所述固定座上，使所述转接架能够绕所述枢转轴转动，所述塔架基础连接在所述转接架上，以随所述转接架绕所述枢转轴旋转。
如此设置，本公开提供的海上塔架系泊基础可以包括转接装置，该转接装置连接于所述塔架基础和所述固定座之间，转接装置可以包括转接架，所述塔架基础连接在所述转接架上，以随所述转接架绕所述枢转轴旋转。本公开提供的海上塔架系泊基础结构简单，显著降低了海上塔架系泊基础的制造成本。通过固定座固定在海底可以防止与其连接的塔架基础随意漂流失控而 导致与其他部件产生撞击，从而提高了海上塔架系泊基础的安全可靠性。
本公开另一方面，提供一种风力发电机组，所述风力发电机组包括塔架、固定于所述塔架顶部的叶轮以及如上所述的海上塔架系泊基础，所述塔架固定于所述塔架基础上。如此可以降低风力发电机组的制造成本和运维成本。
附图说明
通过下面结合附图对实施例进行的描述，本公开的上述和/或其它目的和优点将会变得更加清楚，其中：
图1为本公开一示例性实施例提供的风力发电机组的结构图。
图2为本公开一示例性实施例提供的固定座的结构图。
附图标记说明：
1、机舱；            2、塔架；
3、塔架基础；        4、横撑；
5、侧立柱；          6、垂荡板；
7、浮箱；            8、锚链；
9、压载舱；          10、轭架；
11、固定座；         12、转盘；
13、电滑环；         14、动态缆；
15、系泊支撑架；     16、风叶；
17、中央立柱；       18、转接装置；
19、转接架；         20、凸柱：
111、桩锚支撑结构；  112、桩锚立柱；
113、中央桩锚立柱。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，不应被理解为本公开的实施形态限于在此阐述的实施方式。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略它们的详细描述。
漂浮式风机通常在水深40m以上海域进行开发设计，该漂浮式风机的系泊基础的形式可以由该系泊基础所在位置的水深及浮式基础形式决定，目前，系泊基础按照结构形式划分，可以为多点系泊形式和单点系泊形式；按照恢复力作用形式划分可以分为悬链线形式、张紧式系泊以及半张紧式系泊方式； 按照缆绳组成成分划分可以分为纯锚链、纯锚缆以及锚链和锚缆混合的形式。就目前市场上较为常见的系泊基础，大致有如下不足：
1、悬链线式系泊基础：通常设置在水深超过60m的海域，而对于浅海海域，例如水深范围在40-60m之间的海域，由于锚链悬链线效应弱化，水动力浅水效应明显，系泊力较大，从而导致悬链线式系泊基础成本显著增加。
2、单点式系泊基础：通常设置在水深较深的海域，该单点式系泊基础通常需要转塔式结构和锚链配合使用，制造成本较高。
3、张紧式系泊基础：安装较为复杂，导致制造成本较高，漂浮式风机运行过程中，需要定期预紧，增加了运维费用。
针对上述情况，本公开的发明人精心研究，发明了一种海上塔架系泊基础，图1为本公开一示例性实施例提供的具有该海上塔架系泊基础的风力发电机组的结构图。
参照图1，风力发电机组可以包括塔架2、用于支撑塔架2的海上塔架系泊基础以及固定在塔架2顶端的机舱1，在机舱1的前方设置有叶轮，叶轮上设置有风叶16，在外界风力的作用下，风叶16将被推动而带动叶轮旋转，从而可以将风能转化成电能。
本公开一示例性实施例，海上塔架系泊基础可以包括塔架基础3、固定座11以及转接装置18，其中，塔架基础3可以用于支撑塔架2，固定座11可以用于固定在海底，海上塔架系泊基础通过固定座11与海底连接，避免塔架基础3失控漂浮，使塔架基础3限定在预定的范围内移动，防止塔架基础3随着海浪随意漂浮，而与其他部件发生碰撞，提高了海上塔架系泊基础的安全可靠性。
如此设置，本公开提供的海上塔架系泊基础可以包括转接装置18，该转接装置18连接于塔架基础3和固定座11之间，转接装置18可以包括转接架19，塔架基础3连接在转接架19上，以随转接架19绕枢转轴旋转。本公开提供的海上塔架系泊基础结构简单，显著降低了海上塔架系泊基础的制造成本。通过固定座11固定在海底可以防止与其连接的塔架基础3随意漂流失控而导致与其他部件产生撞击，从而提高了海上塔架系泊基础的安全可靠性。
作为示例，固定座11可以为圆柱形结构，例如但不限于，该固定座11可以为吸力筒或桩锚。吸力筒指由钢制面板卷制成筒型结构，在施工安装阶段，利用负压原理实现系泊基础沉放及整体灌入的结构。如此设置，通过吸 力筒固定，可以降低固定座11的安装难度，从而降低海上塔架系泊基础的安装难度，进一步降低了海上塔架系泊基础的运维成本。本公开提供的吸力筒结构紧凑，能够降低基础成本。
参照图2，本公开提供的桩锚可以包括桩锚本体和桩锚支撑结构111，其中，桩锚本体可以包括位于同一圆周上的至少3个桩锚立柱112和设置于该圆周的圆心位置处的中央桩锚立柱113，桩锚支撑结构111连接在桩锚立柱112和中央桩锚立柱113之间。转盘12可以设置在中央桩锚立柱113上，但不以此为限。作为示例，中央桩锚立柱113可以位于桩锚立柱112的上方，但不以此为限。
具体地，转接装置18可以连接于塔架基础3和固定座11之间。
转接装置18可以包括转接架19，转接装置18可以具有枢转轴，转接架19能够绕枢转轴转动，塔架基础3可以连接在转接架19上，以随转接架19绕枢转轴旋转。可以理解的是，枢转轴可以设置在固定座11上，该枢转轴可以为虚拟轴。
如此设置，本公开提供的海上塔架系泊基础可以包括转接装置18，该转接装置18连接于塔架基础3和固定座11之间，转接装置18可以包括转接架19，塔架基础3连接在转接架19上，以随转接架19绕枢转轴旋转。本公开提供的海上塔架系泊基础结构简单，显著降低了海上塔架系泊基础的制造成本。通过固定座11固定在海底可以防止与其连接的塔架基础3随意漂流失控而导致与其他部件产生撞击，从而提高了海上塔架系泊基础的安全可靠性。
作为示例，转接装置18可以包括凸柱20和可枢转地连接在凸柱20上的转盘12，塔架基础3连接在转盘12上，转盘12可以绕枢转轴转动，转接架19固定于转盘12上，以使转接架19能够随转盘12绕枢转轴转动，从而可以带动塔架基础3绕枢转轴转动。
如此设置，轭架10和压载舱9可绕转盘12转动的更为顺畅，轭架10可以为刚性结构，并具有连接作用，轭架10能够传递压载舱9和转盘12之间的力和力矩。本实施例中，轭架10的一端可以通过轴承连接在转盘12上，可以实现绕枢转轴的周向摆动，轭架10的另一端可以与压载舱9固定连接，以随海浪进行纵向摇摆运动，即本公开提供的转接架19纵摇和横摇分别独立进行。本实施例中，轭架10起连接作用，并可以传递被连接件之间的所有力和力矩，例如但不限于，轭架10用于连接压载舱9和转盘12，且能够转盘 12和压载舱9之间的力和力矩。压载舱9可以作为回复力的主要来源。
继续参照图1，凸柱20可以固定在固定座11上，例如但不限于，可以固定在固定座11的顶部，即该凸柱20可以从固定座11的顶表面突出设置，转盘12可以连接在该凸柱20上，且转盘12与固定座11之间设置预定距离，以在转接架19绕枢转轴旋转的过程中，避免转接架19或转盘12与固定座11的顶表面接触而产生摩擦，提高了塔架基础3运行的顺畅性。
作为示例，凸柱20可以为圆柱，该圆柱的中心线可以与枢转轴重合。固定座11可以为圆筒形壳体，该固定座11的中心线可以与枢转轴重合，但不以此为限。
为了降低转接装置18的制造成本，凸柱20的直径不大于固定座11的直径。如此设置，凸柱20的直径较固定座11的直径小，一方面降低了凸柱20的材料用量，从而降低成本。另一方面，转盘12与凸柱20之间的轴承的尺寸较小，从而降低了轴承的重量，使转接装置18更为轻便，便于组装。
可以理解的是，本实施例中示出了转盘12与固定座11的一种连接方式，但不以此为限，转盘12还可以直接设置在固定座11的外周上，在固定座11的外周壁上设置环形凹槽(图未示)，转盘12可转动地设置在环形凹槽内。或者，固定座11的外周壁上套设有轴承，转盘12套设在轴承的外周上。
可选地，转盘12可以为环形盘状，结构简单，制造成本低廉，从而可以进一步降低海上塔架系泊基础的制造成本。除此，转盘12可以呈环状，例如但不限于，可以呈圆环状。
继续参照图1，转接架19还可以包括轭架10以及压载舱9，转盘12通过轴承连接在凸柱20上，压载舱9与转盘12间隔设置，轭架10连接在转盘12和压载舱9之间。如此设置，压载舱9可以用于对塔架基础提供恢复力，以与塔架基础3承受的浮力平衡，从而可以避免塔架基础3与固定座11脱离。轭架10可以用于连接压载舱9和转盘12，例如但不限于，轭架10可以为刚性结构。
作为示例，转接架19大致形成为三角形结构，具有很好的结构稳定性，能够稳定地连接在转盘12上，防止转接架19转动的过程中，压载舱9晃动而与其他结构发生碰撞。
具体地，轭架10可以为A字型结构，该轭架10的小端可以固定在转盘12上，轭架10的大端可以设置于固定座11的外周侧，压载舱9可以设置在 轭架10的大端。作为示例，转接架19可以为等腰三角形结构，即轭架10的A字型的两条边具有相同的长度，但不以此为限。
轭架10可以为刚性结构，并具有连接作用，轭架10能够传递压载舱9和转盘12之间的力和力矩。可选地，轭架10沿垂直于枢转轴的方向的尺寸大于固定座11的直径，以使压载舱9间隔设置于固定座11的外周侧，避免转接架19旋转过程中与固定座11产生干涉，进一步提高了塔架基础3运行的顺畅性。
作为示例，压载舱9可以用于对塔架基础3提供恢复力，以与塔架基础3承受的浮力配合作用于塔架基础3上，从而可以避免塔架基础3与固定座11脱离。本实施例中，压载舱9的密度可以大于海水的密度，以能够提供塔架基础3的恢复力。作为示例，压载舱9内可以设置有至少一个容纳腔，该容纳腔内可以设置有压载物，例如但不限于，压载物可以为铁矿砂、废铁屑和混凝土中的至少一者。具体地，压载舱9可以为空心壳体结构，在压载舱9内可以设置有一个或者多个容纳腔，容纳腔内可以选择性地设置有铁矿砂、废铁屑和混凝土中的至少一者，当然，根据需要容纳腔也可以空置，即不填充压载物。
转接装置18还可以包括系泊支撑架15和锚链8，系泊支撑架15可以固定在塔架基础3上，系泊支撑架15与压载舱9通过锚链8连接。
可选地，系泊支撑架15可以设置于侧立柱5的背向中央立柱17的一侧，以在塔架基础3绕枢转轴转动的过程中，避免锚链8与塔架基础3的其他部件发生干涉，进一步提高了海上塔架系泊基础的运行可靠性。系泊支撑架15可以固定于塔架基础3的侧立柱5上，且与锚链8相连，承受塔架基础3和固定座11之间的拉力。
如此设置，系泊支撑架15可以为刚性架，可以设置于塔架基础3的侧部，从而使塔架基础3与固定座11在水平方向上具有足够的空间，防止塔架基础3运动过程中与固定座11发生碰撞，进一步提高了海上塔架系泊基础的安全可靠性。系泊支撑架15可以为刚性架，可以避免对塔架基础的浮筒产生碰撞和失控漂移以及油轮和浮筒之间的激励振荡，这就是使用刚性臂的效应，提高了系统的安全可靠性。
继续参照附图，系泊支撑架15可以连接在塔架基础3上，例如但不限于，该系泊支撑架15可以为框架结构，以减轻系泊支撑架15的重量。作为示例， 系泊支撑架15可以大致呈三角形结构，三角形的一个顶点固定在塔架基础3上，与该顶点相对的三角形的边大致与压载舱9平行设置，在压载舱9和系泊支撑架15之间设置有锚链8。具体地，锚链8可以为两根，两根锚链8分别设置在压载舱9的两端，每根锚链8的两端分别铰接在系泊支撑架15和压载舱9上。
作为示例，系泊支撑架15可以设置于侧立柱5的顶部，但不以此为限，系泊支撑架15还可以设置于侧立柱5的中部或者下部。
进一步地，压载舱9与系泊支撑架15之间通过锚链8形成为柔性连接，在塔架基础3随波浪上下颠簸，塔架基础3和固定座11之间的距离变化时，锚链8更能适应该距离变化，从而提高了海上塔架系泊基础的运行可靠性，使得塔架基础3既可以随着波浪而上下沉浮，又可以被波浪推动而水平移动，从而使塔架基础3能够适应海上的复杂工况。作为示例，塔架基础3可以为混凝土件或者钢结构件，但不以此为限。
作为示例，锚链8的一端铰接在系泊支撑架15上，锚链8的另一端铰接在压载舱9上，以在塔架基础3随波浪上下颠簸时运动更为顺畅，避免卡涩。
具体地，海上塔架系泊基础还可以包括锚链8，锚链8的两端可以分别铰接在转接架19和系泊支撑架15上。锚链8可以为柔性结构，在塔架基础3随波浪上下颠簸时，塔架基础3和固定座11之间的距离变化，锚链8更能适应该距离变化，从而提高了海上塔架系泊基础的运行可靠性。可选地，锚链8可以由普通R3、R4或R5级别锚链组成，但不以此为限。作为示例，锚链8的两端可以通过旋转接头或者万向接头与转接架19或者系泊支撑架15旋转。
本公开一示例性实施例，转接装置18还可以包括动态缆14和电滑环13，电滑环13可以固定于塔架基础3的上部，动态缆14的一端可以与电滑环13电连接，动态缆14的另一端可以与固定座11电连接。
如此设置，电滑环13可以保持在塔架基础3的上部并露出海面，降低与海水接触的风险，从而提高了海上塔架系泊基础的运行可靠性。除此，在塔架基础随海水摆动而绕枢转轴旋转时，动态缆14产生的扭矩可以通过电滑环13进行释放，同时保证电力与电信号的正常传输。
电滑环13可以保持在水面之上，从而减小了电滑环13发生故障的风险，提高了电滑环13的使用可靠性。本公开提供的塔架2旋转产生的扭矩可以经 过动态缆14传递，并且通过电滑环13实现扭矩释放及电力传输。动态缆14可以为输电电缆的一种，时刻承担动态载荷，因而需要专门的设计。动态缆14上可以有浮筒等相应附件，可设计成波浪型，不会因浮式风机运动而拉断。
除此，在塔架基础3随海水摆动而绕枢转轴旋转时，动态缆14产生的扭矩可以通过电滑环13进行释放，同时保证电力与电信号的正常传输。由于动态缆14需要承载一定的扭矩，动态缆14的强度较常规电缆进行了额外的加强。电滑环13用于在无限制连续旋转时，传输功率电源和/或信号电源。
由于动态缆14需要承载一定的扭矩，动态缆14的强度较常规电缆进行了额外的加强。电滑环13可以用于在无限制连续旋转时，传输功率电源和/或信号电源。作为示例，动态缆14的上端可以固定在系泊支撑架15上。
本公开一示例性实施例，塔架基础3可以包括中央立柱17和侧立柱5，中央立柱17用于支撑塔架2，侧立柱5固定设置于中央立柱17的外周。
可选地，侧立柱5为至少3个，至少3个侧立柱5位于同一圆周上，中央立柱17位于圆周的圆心位置。如此设置，塔架基础3自身可以保持平衡，在塔架2固定于该塔架基础3上时，塔架基础3仍能保持平衡而不发生侧翻，进一步提高了海上塔架系泊基础的运行可靠性。
作为示例，侧立柱5可以为3个，且等间隔设置于同一圆周上，中央立柱17可以设置于该圆周的圆心位置处。如此设置，塔架基础3更容易保持平衡，防止发生侧翻，从而提高了塔架基础3的运行可靠性。作为示例，动态缆14的上端还可以固定在侧立柱5上，但不以此为限。作为示例，本公开提供的侧立柱5的横截面呈圆形，且中央立柱17的横截面可以呈圆形，但不以此为限，也可以呈矩形。
可选地，塔架基础3还可以包括浮箱7，浮箱7能够为塔架基础3提供浮力和压载，浮箱7连接在相邻的侧立柱5之间，或者连接在侧立柱5与中央立柱17之间，其中，浮箱7设置于侧立柱5的下部。本实施例提供的浮箱7的密度可以小于海水的密度，以能够漂浮在海面上，在浮箱7的作用下，塔架基础3能够稳定地漂浮在海面上，而不能沉入海底。本公开提供的塔架基础3可以为半潜式塔架基础，但不以此为限。
作为示例，为了进一步提高塔架基础3的结构稳定性，塔架基础3还可以包括横撑4，横撑4可以连接在相邻的侧立柱5之间，例如但不限于，可以连接在侧立柱5的上部。除此，横撑4还可以连接在中央立柱17和侧立柱 5之间。
海上塔架系泊基础可以包括固定座11和塔架基础3，该固定座11可以固定在海底，防止海上塔架系泊基础失控漂流。塔架基础3可以用于支撑塔架2，以使塔架2能够绕枢转轴在一定范围内移动，使塔架2能够在预定的范围内随海浪漂移或者沉浮，以适应海上的复杂工况。本公开提供的海上塔架系泊基础中的系泊基础结构简单，显著降低了海上塔架系泊基础的制造成本。
较传统的悬链线式系泊基础或张紧式系泊基础，本公开提供的海上塔架系泊基础节省材料成本30％以上。另外，本公开提供的海上塔架系泊基础结构简单，安装方便，较传统的悬链线式系泊系统或张紧式系泊系统，本海上塔架系泊基础能够的安装时间能够节省50％，安装成本可以节省40％，从而进一步降低了海上塔架系泊基础的制造成本。
进一步地，塔架基础3还可以包括垂荡板6，垂荡板6可以固定于侧立柱5的下方。垂荡板6可以增加塔架基础3的重量，以提高塔架基础3的稳定性，避免塔架基础3受到海浪的冲击而发生侧翻，提高了海上塔架系泊基础的安全性。本公开提供的塔架基础3充分利用单点系泊系统顺应环境方向的特性，减小水动力载荷。
本公开另一方面，提供一种风力发电机组，风力发电机组包括塔架2、固定于塔架2顶部的叶轮以及如上的海上塔架系泊基础，塔架2固定于塔架基础3上。如此可以降低风力发电机组的制造成本和运维成本。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以 是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
本公开所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施方式中。在上面的描述中，提供许多具体细节从而给出对本公开的实施方式的充分理解。然而，本领域技术人员将意识到，可以实践本公开的技术方案而没有特定细节中的一个或更多，或者可以采用其它的方法、组件、材料等。在其它情况下，不详细示出或描述公知结构、材料或者操作以避免模糊本公开的各方面。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述海上塔架系泊基础包括：
    塔架基础(3)，用于支撑塔架(2)；
    固定座(11)，用于固定在海底；
    转接装置(18)，连接于所述塔架基础(3)和所述固定座(11)之间，所述转接装置(18)具有枢转轴，所述转接装置(18)包括转接架(19)，所述转接架(19)可转动地连接在所述固定座(11)上，使所述转接架(19)能够绕所述枢转轴转动，所述塔架基础(3)连接在所述转接架(19)上，以随所述转接架(19)绕所述枢转轴旋转。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述转接装置(18)包括动态缆(14)和电滑环(13)，所述电滑环(13)固定于所述塔架基础(3)的上部，所述动态缆(14)的一端与所述电滑环(13)电连接，所述动态缆(14)的另一端与所述固定座(11)电连接。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述转接装置(18)包括转盘(12)和锚链(8)，所述转盘(12)绕所述枢转轴可转动地连接在所述固定座(11)上，所述转接架(19)的一端连接于所述转盘(12)上，另一端连接于所述锚链(8)上。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述转接装置(18)还包括系泊支撑架(15)，所述系泊支撑架(15)固定在所述塔架基础(3)上，所述系泊支撑架(15)与所述转接架(19)通过所述锚链(8)连接。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述转接架(19)还包括轭架(10)以及压载舱(9)，所述压载舱(9)设置于所述转接架(19)的所述另一端，所述压载舱(9)与所述转盘(12)间隔设置，所述轭架(10)连接在所述转盘(12)和所述压载舱(9)之间。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述转接架(19)包括凸柱(20)，所述凸柱(20)从所述固定座(11)的顶部向外突出设置，所述转盘(12)通过轴承连接在所述凸柱(20)上。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述凸柱(20)为圆柱，所述固定座(11)的横截面呈圆形，所述凸柱(20)的直径不大于 所述固定座(11)的直径。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述压载舱(9)内设置有至少一个容纳腔，所述容纳腔内设置有压载物。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述塔架基础(3)包括中央立柱(17)和侧立柱(5)，所述中央立柱(17)用于支撑塔架(2)，所述侧立柱(5)固定设置于所述中央立柱(17)的外周。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述塔架基础(3)还包括浮箱(7)，所述浮箱(7)连接在相邻的所述侧立柱(5)之间，或者连接在所述侧立柱(5)与所述中央立柱(17)之间，
    其中，所述浮箱(7)设置于所述侧立柱(5)的下部。
  11. 如权利要求2所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述转接架(19)包括从所述固定座(11)的顶部向外突出设置的凸柱(20)，所述塔架基础(3)包括侧立柱(5)，所述电滑环(13)固定于所述侧立柱(5)的顶部，所述动态缆(14)的所述另一端与所述凸柱(20)电连接。
  12. 如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的海上塔架系泊基础，其特征在于，所述固定座(11)为吸力筒或桩锚。
  13. 一种风力发电机组，其特征在于，所述风力发电机组包括塔架(2)、固定于所述塔架(2)顶部的叶轮以及如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的海上塔架系泊基础，所述塔架(2)固定于所述塔架基础(3)上。
PCT/CN2021/137172 2021-09-23 2021-12-10 海上塔架系泊基础和风力发电机组 WO2023045104A1 (zh)

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