WO2023044690A1 - 一种菌落的分类方法 - Google Patents
一种菌落的分类方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
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- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/187—Segmentation; Edge detection involving region growing; involving region merging; involving connected component labelling
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- the invention relates to the technical field of colony segmentation and classification, in particular to a colony classification method.
- the classification of the traditional method is relatively weak, because the size and shape of the colony in the composite colony are different, and when there is colony adhesion, The formed cohesive colonies will have various shapes; while the traditional classification methods are not robust enough to achieve better classification results in complex situations.
- the method of target detection is also used to detect the colonies in the petri dish.
- the method of target detection only performs better for colonies with specific shapes such as circles and ellipses, and the distribution of colonies is relatively sparse.
- the detection frame cannot frame a single connected area, which will have a greater impact on the subsequent colony classification.
- the detection frame is a rectangular frame, the shape of the cohesive colony is irregular, and the area to be framed by a rectangular frame , may contain other colonies; the same is true for bar colonies, if two or more bar colonies are slanted and adjacent, they cannot frame an area, and may frame multiple colonies at the same time. Sending the framed multiple colonies into the classification network for classification will affect the classification results, and will affect both the accuracy and recall of the classification.
- the invention provides a method for classifying bacterial colonies.
- this classification method comprises the following steps:
- the binary image is input into the colony classification network or classified according to the colony morphological structure to obtain a colony classification result, wherein the colony morphological structure includes Circular colonies, ellipsoid colonies, cohesive colonies or strip colonies.
- the above technical solution is an efficient colony classification method, which can efficiently extract various colonies, and classify and count different colonies according to needs, effectively improving the accuracy of colony classification.
- the present invention can be further configured as follows: when the colony classification network is a convolutional neural network, the convolutional neural network collects colony data, the convolutional neural network has a residual network structure, and extracts different Types of colony images, count the number of different types of colonies, collect different types of colony data according to requirements, divide the collected colony data into training sets, verification sets and test sets, and the convolutional neural network passes through the training set, verification The set and test sets classify colonies as round, elliptical, cohesive, or striped.
- the colony image segmentation and classification framework based on the local threshold segmentation method and the convolutional neural network colony classification method can not only achieve faster processing speed, but also achieve better results.
- the present invention can be further configured as follows: the convolutional neural network collects colony data, the convolutional neural network used is a residual network structure, extracts different types of colony images, counts the number of different types of colonies, Collect different types of colony data according to requirements, and divide the collected colony data into training set, verification set and test set;
- the training set and verification set are normalized to a fixed size, and sent to a pre-designed convolutional neural network for training and verification, and the optimal model is selected according to the training situation and the performance of the model in the test set.
- the present invention may be further configured to: when collecting the different types of colony data, keep the collected data of various types of colony in balance.
- the convolutional neural network can be better trained.
- the present invention can be further configured to: normalize the training set and verification set to a fixed size, and input the pre-designed convolutional neural network for training and verification, according to the training situation and the model in the test set performance, select a classification model.
- the present invention can be further configured as: the classification recall rate of each type of colony: in the test set, one of the colonies actually has M i , and the number of correctly classified is m i , then the classification recall rate is m i /M i ;
- the classification accuracy rate of each type of colony in the test set, the number of colonies classified into one type is N i , and the number of N i colonies actually belonging to this type of colony is m i , then the classification accuracy rate is m i / N i .
- the present invention can be further configured to: evaluate the overall test set, and calculate the mean value of the recall rate and accuracy rate of each type of colony:
- m i /M i is the classification recall rate
- m i /N i is the classification accuracy rate
- P recall is the mean value of the recall rate
- P acc is the mean value of the accuracy rate.
- the test set of each type of colony can be evaluated.
- the present invention can be further configured as follows: according to the size of the obtained colony, design a suitable convolutional neural network (convolutional neural network, CNN) network depth.
- CNN convolutional neural network
- the present invention can be further configured as: counting the number of colony connected regions in the colony image after local threshold segmentation, and counting the number of pixels contained in each of the colony connected regions, so as to count each The number of colonies and the size of each colony.
- the present invention can be further configured to: further include: reviewing the colony connected area, checking the distance between the boundary of the colony connected area and the surrounding colony connected area of the colony connected area, when the distance is less than the preset A threshold value of d pixels indicates that the colony connected area is connected to the surrounding colony connected area.
- the d is a threshold value of the distance between the connected areas of two colonies.
- the present invention can be further configured as: when classifying according to the morphological structure of the colony, perform limit corrosion on each of the connected areas of the colony, and determine the number of seed points in the connected area of the colony after the limit corrosion Whether it is greater than 1, if so, classify the colonies in the connected region of the colonies as cohesive colonies; otherwise, judge that the colonies in the connected region of the colonies are circular colonies, and the judgment method is: assume that the center of the circular colony For point C, the coordinates are:
- the x-axis coordinate of a certain point on the circle of C, y is the y-axis coordinate of a certain point on the circle whose center is C, x i is the x-axis coordinate of a certain point on the colony outline, and y i is a certain point on the colony outline
- the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
- This application uses the local threshold segmentation method to segment the colony image, extracts the connected area, and uses the convolutional neural network to classify the extracted connected area image, no longer uses manual counting and identification of the colony, which can effectively improve the number of colonies The accuracy of counting and identification is improved, and the accuracy of colony classification is also improved.
- the colony segmentation and classification method of the present application can not only obtain high precision, but also take into account the processing speed of the algorithm, which can not only achieve a faster processing speed, but also achieve a better classification effect.
- FIG. 1 is an overall flowchart of the colony classification method of the present application.
- Figure 2 is the original image of the colony image of the present application.
- Fig. 3 is a binarized image of the colony image of the present application.
- Fig. 4 is a single connected region image extracted from the colony image of the present application.
- Fig. 5a is a flowchart of the classification method for each type of colony in Example 1 of the present application.
- Fig. 5b is a flowchart of the classification method for each type of colony in Example 2 of the present application.
- Figure 6 is a classification diagram of the round colony of the present application.
- Fig. 7 is a classification diagram of ellipsoid colonies of the present application.
- Figure 8 is a classification diagram of the bar colony of the present application.
- a kind of classification method of bacterial colony comprises:
- the colony image after segmentation is input into the convolutional neural network
- the output result of colony classification in the convolutional neural network is set.
- the step of segmenting the collected colony image includes:
- the collected colony image was converted into a grayscale image; the original image of the colony image is shown in Figure 2.
- the erosion and expansion operation is used on the acquired binary image to remove noise and burrs
- Connected region analysis is performed on the binary image, as shown in Figure 4, connected regions are extracted, and too small regions and non-colony regions are eliminated.
- the convolutional neural network collects colony data, and the convolutional neural network used is a residual network structure, extracts different types of colony images, counts the number of different types of colonies, collects different types of colony data according to requirements, and collects the collected
- the colony data is divided into training set, validation set and test set;
- the training set and verification set are normalized to a fixed size, and sent to a pre-designed convolutional neural network for training and verification, according to the training situation and the performance of the model in the test set, select optimal model.
- Using the local threshold segmentation method to segment the colony image can reduce the image processing time.
- the general classification method has poor robustness in complex situations and cannot achieve a better classification effect. It performs better for colonies of specific shapes such as circles and ovals and the distribution of colonies is relatively sparse.
- the detection frame cannot frame a single connected area, but the above classification method in this embodiment collects the colony data, and trains and verifies the collected colony data, and passes the model Classification of complex colonies improves the accuracy of complex colony classification.
- the classification recall rate of each type of colony in the test set, among them, there are actually M i colonies of this type, among which the number correctly classified is m i , and the recall rate is m i /M i ;
- the classification accuracy rate of each type of colony in the test set, there are N i number of colonies classified into this type, but the number of N i colonies actually belonging to this type of colony is m i , and the accuracy rate is m i /N i ;
- the recall rate and precision rate of each class are respectively averaged.
- m i /M i is the classification recall rate
- m i /N i is the classification accuracy rate
- P recall is the mean value of the recall rate
- P acc is the mean value of the accuracy rate.
- the colonies were divided into four types: cohesive colonies, round colonies, oval colonies and strip colonies.
- Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that in Example 1, a convolutional neural network is used to classify the acquired connected areas of the colonies. In this example, the classification is performed according to the different morphological structures of the colonies, as shown in FIG. 5b.
- ⁇ is the angle between the line between the farthest two points on the outline of an independent entire colony image and the x-axis
- x 1 is the x-axis coordinate of point A
- x 2 is the x-axis coordinate of point B
- y 1 is the y-axis coordinate of point A
- y 2 is the y-axis coordinate of point B
- A(x 1 ,y 1 ) is the coordinate of point A
- B(x 2 ,y 2 ) is the coordinate of point B.
- the method of limit corrosion is adopted for each connected area, and if there are 2 or more seed points in the connected area after limit corrosion, it is an adherent colony.
- the x-axis coordinate of a certain point on the circle of C is the y-axis coordinate of a certain point on the circle whose center is C
- x i is the x-axis coordinate of a certain point on the colony outline
- y i is a certain point on the colony outline The y-coordinate of the point.
- an ellipse the locus of a moving point P whose sum of distances from two fixed points F 1 and F 2 in a plane is equal to a constant 2a (where 2a>
- 2c ⁇ 2a is called the focal length of the ellipse.
- P is the moving point of the ellipse
- the chord obtained by cutting the line that coincides with the line connecting the two foci is the major axis, and its length is 2a
- the chord obtained by perpendicularly bisecting the line connecting the two foci on the ellipse is the short axis, and its length is 2b.
- the line segment AB is the major axis of the ellipse, and the semi-major axis of the ellipse Perpendicular to the line segment AB and passing through the point
- the line of the ellipse intersects to form two intersection points, one of which is set to be (x 3 ,y 3 ), and the other of which is set to be (x 4 ,y 4 ), then the semi-minor axis of the ellipse focal length
- the line segment AB is composed of AF 1 , F 1 F 2 and F 2 B.
- the high-resolution colony image is input into the Unet segmentation network, and the output result of the colony classification in the Unet segmentation network is set according to the type of colony to be classified.
- the Unet segmentation network can process high-resolution images in blocks, input each high-resolution image into the Unet segmentation network, and perform semantic segmentation and classification on each high-resolution image, which can also be achieved while segmenting the colony image.
- a variety of colony classification, that is, only one network can be used, the specific processing method is as follows:
- the Unet segmentation network is applied to colony picking.
- the Unet segmentation network fuses the extracted low-level features and high-level semantic information.
- the Unet segmentation network is especially suitable for colony images with fixed structures and less rich semantic information.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 一种菌落的分类方法,其特征在于,包括:将输入的菌落图像转化成灰度图像;对所述灰度图像进行局部阈值分割,把所述灰度图像大于对应局部阈值的像素,设置为1,并把所述灰度图像小于局部阈值的像素设置为0,以生成二值化图像;对所述二值化图像采用腐蚀膨胀操作,并进行形态学处理,去除噪点和毛刺;对所述二值化图像进行连通区域分析,以提取菌落连通区域,剔除非菌落区域;当所述菌落连通区域中包含的像素大于像素个数阈值T时,把所述二值化图像输入菌落分类网络或者根据菌落形态结构进行分类,得菌落分类结果,其中,所述菌落形态结构包括圆形菌落、椭圆菌落、黏连菌落或条形菌落。
- 根据权利要求1所述菌落的分类方法,其特征在于,还包括:当所述菌落分类网络为卷积神经网络时,所述卷积神经网络收集菌落数据,所述卷积神经网络提取不同种类的菌落图像,统计不同种类的菌落数量,根据需求收集不同种类的菌落数据,并将收集的菌落数据分为训练集、验证集和测试集,所述卷积神经网络通过所述训练集、验证集和测试集,把菌落分类为圆形菌落、椭圆菌落、黏连菌落或条形菌落。
- 根据权利要求2所述菌落的分类方法,其特征在于,还包括:收集所述不同种类的菌落数据时,保持收集的各类菌落数据的平衡。
- 根据权利要求2所述菌落的分类方法,其特征在于,包括:把所述 训练集和验证集归一化为固定大小,并输入预先设计的卷积神经网络进行训练和验证,根据训练情况和模型在测试集的表现情况,选择分类模型。
- 根据权利要求4所述菌落的分类方法,其特征在于,还包括:每类菌落的分类召回率:在测试集中,其中一种菌落实际有M i个,被正确分类的数量为m i个,则分类召回率为m i/M i;每类菌落的分类准确率:在测试集中,其中分为一种菌落的数目有N i个,N i个菌落中实际属于该种菌落的数量为m i个,则分类准确率为m i/N i。
- 根据权利要求1所述菌落的分类方法,其特征在于,还包括:根据获取所述菌落的大小、菌落分类结果和菌落分类结果中菌落类型的数量,设计卷积神经网络的网络深度。
- 根据权利要求1所述菌落的分类方法,其特征在于,还包括:统计所述进行局部阈值分割后的菌落图像中菌落连通区域的个数,并统计每个所述菌落连通区域包含的像素个数,以统计每种菌落的个数和每个菌落的大小。
- 根据权利要求1所述菌落的分类方法,其特征在于,还包括:菌落连通区域复查,检查菌落连通区域的边界与所述菌落连通区域的周边菌落连通区域的距离,当所述距离小于预先设定的阈值d个像素,则表示所述菌落连通区域与周边菌落连通区域连通。
- 根据权利要求1所述菌落的分类方法,其特征在于,还包括:当根据菌落形态结构进行分类时,对所述菌落连通区域进行极限腐蚀,并判断进行所述极限腐蚀后的菌落连通区域内的种子点数量是否大于1,若是,则把所述菌落连通区域内的菌落分类为黏连菌落;否则,判断所述菌落连通区域内的菌落为圆形菌落,判断方法为:假设圆形菌落的圆心为C点,坐标为:则菌落连通区域轮廓的圆形方程为:(x-x r) 2+(y-y r) 2=r 2,计算菌落连通区域的轮廓上所有的点到圆心C的距离l i,当距离l i满足:|r-l i|<ε时,则表示菌落轮廓近似为圆形;其中, i为正整数,i=1,2,3,…,计算距离l i的公式为: l i为轮廓上所有的点到圆心C的距离,r是圆心为C的圆的半径,x r为圆心C点的x轴坐标,y r为圆心C点的y轴坐标,x为圆心为C的圆上某一个点的x轴坐标,y为圆心为C的圆上某一个点的y轴坐标,x i为菌落轮廓上某一个点的x轴坐标,y i为菌落轮廓上某一个点的y轴坐标;当菌落轮廓近似为圆形时,则把所述菌落分类为圆形菌落,否则,判断所述菌落连通区域内的菌落为椭圆菌落,判断方法为:若||PF 1|+|PF 2||-2a<ε,则所述菌落连通区域为椭圆,把 所述菌落连通区域内的菌落分类为椭圆菌落,其中,PF 1为所述菌落连通区域轮廓上的点P到椭圆的第一个焦点F 1的距离,PF 2为所述菌落连通区域轮廓上的点P到椭圆的第一个焦点F 2的距离,a为椭圆的半长轴,ε为常数,否则,判断所述菌落连通区域内的菌落是否为条形菌落,判断方法为:计算菌落轮廓上距离最远的两个点,记为点A(x 1,y 1)和点B(x 2,y 2),把点A(x 1,y 1)和点B(x 2,y 2)连接起来形成AB线段,画出并遍历菌落连通区域平面上与AB线段垂直的直线,获取一系列的交点对(x k,y k)和(x k+1,y k+1),其中,k为正整数,k∈(1,3,5,…),并计算每条垂直直线与连通区域的两个交点的距离d K,d K∈{d 1,d 3,d 5,…},计算{d 1,d 3,d 5,…}中两两之间的差值,若对于任意d K,若满足|d m-d n|<ε,则表示该菌落为条形菌落,d m和d n均为{d 1,d 3,d 5,…}中的任意一个d K,x k为垂直直线与连通区域的两个交点中一个交点的x轴坐标,y k为垂直直线与连通区域的两个交点中一个交点的y轴坐标,x k+1为垂直直线与连通区域的两个交点中另一个交点的x轴坐标,y k+1为垂直直线与连通区域的两个交点中另一个交点的y轴坐标。
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| CN116778204A (zh) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-09-19 | 耐优生物技术(上海)有限公司 | 一种生长菌落动态匹配方法及应用和装置 |
| CN118212394A (zh) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-06-18 | 浙江寿仙谷植物药研究院有限公司 | 一种灵芝菌丝体表型特征智能检测方法 |
| CN118314135A (zh) * | 2024-06-07 | 2024-07-09 | 嘉应学院 | 一种基于图像处理的微生物生长分析方法 |
| CN119540950A (zh) * | 2025-01-23 | 2025-02-28 | 江西农业大学 | 一种食用菌表型参数获取方法及系统 |
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