WO2023044643A1 - 下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置及方法 - Google Patents

下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023044643A1
WO2023044643A1 PCT/CN2021/119793 CN2021119793W WO2023044643A1 WO 2023044643 A1 WO2023044643 A1 WO 2023044643A1 CN 2021119793 W CN2021119793 W CN 2021119793W WO 2023044643 A1 WO2023044643 A1 WO 2023044643A1
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aerosol
pipeline
falling
chamber
concentration sensor
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French (fr)
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张和平
马伟通
陆松
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of aerosol test calibration, in particular to a calibration test device for a drop-type aerosol concentration sensor.
  • the invention also relates to a calibration test method for a drop-type aerosol concentration sensor.
  • Powder flow widely exists in industrial sectors such as energy, chemical industry, and metallurgy, as well as various fields such as meteorology and aerospace.
  • Various powder flow parameter detection instruments developed based on optical principles are widely used in various industries and regions because of their wide measurement range and strong real-time performance.
  • concentration calibration must be carried out.
  • the aerosol powder falls along the internal pipeline of the falling pipeline device, and the specific internal pipeline is usually a vertical pipe with the same inner diameter.
  • the aerosol powder falls in the vertical tube, there are differences in concentration, which leads to low test accuracy of the aerosol concentration sensor and affects the test results.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a calibration test device for a drop-type aerosol concentration sensor to improve the accuracy of the drop-type aerosol test.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a calibration test method for a falling aerosol concentration sensor.
  • the present invention provides a drop-type aerosol concentration sensor calibration test device, including:
  • An aerosol drop pipeline device the aerosol drop pipeline device includes a powder inlet pipeline, an aerosol buffer chamber, and a powder outlet pipeline arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the aerosol, and the aerosol buffer chamber includes aerosol
  • the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber are arranged in the flow direction, the cavity cross-sectional area of the air inlet chamber gradually increases along the flow direction of the aerosol, and the cavity cross-sectional area of the air outlet chamber gradually decreases along the flow direction of the aerosol;
  • an aerosol collecting device connected to the air outlet of the powder outlet pipeline
  • An aerosol generation monitoring device connected to the aerosol drop line device.
  • the aerosol buffer chamber includes an intermediate expanding cavity connecting the inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity, and the inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity are respectively connected to the top and bottom ends of the intermediate expanding cavity.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cavity in the middle expansion cavity is the same, and the inlet of the air intake cavity is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor.
  • the multiple inlet cavities are arranged side by side along the flow direction of the aerosol.
  • the aerosol drop pipeline device also includes a measurement pipeline and an aerosol drop pipeline arranged between the aerosol buffer chamber and the powder outlet pipeline along the flow direction of the aerosol, the aerosol
  • the buffer chamber and the powder outlet and gas outlet pipeline are located at the top and bottom of the aerosol drop pipeline, respectively, and the measurement pipeline is installed on the aerosol drop pipeline.
  • the aerosol buffer chamber includes an intermediate expanding cavity connecting the inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity, and the inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity are respectively connected to the top and bottom ends of the intermediate expanding cavity.
  • the cross-sectional area of the intermediate expansion cavity is the same, and the inner diameter of the intermediate expansion cavity is 2 times to 4 times the inner diameter of the aerosol drop line.
  • the aerosol collection device includes a dust collector, an aerosol collection cabin and an exhaust fan; the powder drop port of the dust collector of the dust collector is connected with the aerosol collection cabin; the dust collector outlet of the dust collector is connected to the aerosol collection cabin through a connecting pipe The exhaust fan is connected.
  • the aerosol generation monitoring device includes an aerosol generator and a weighing balance, and the aerosol generator is placed horizontally on the weighing balance.
  • the inner wall of the aerosol path cavity of the aerosol downpipe device is antistatic.
  • a support frame is also included, and the aerosol drop pipeline device, the aerosol collection device and the aerosol generation monitoring device are all installed on the support frame.
  • a calibration test method for a falling aerosol concentration sensor comprising:
  • the aerosol falling pipeline device includes a powder inlet and air inlet pipeline, an aerosol buffer chamber, a powder outlet and gas outlet pipeline, a measuring pipeline and an aerosol flow direction arranged in sequence along the aerosol flow direction.
  • the aerosol drop pipeline between the aerosol buffer chamber and the powder outlet pipeline, the aerosol buffer chamber includes an air inlet chamber and an air outlet chamber arranged along the flow direction of the aerosol, and the chamber of the air inlet chamber.
  • the cross-sectional area of the body gradually increases along the aerosol flow direction, and the cavity cross-sectional area of the air outlet cavity gradually decreases along the aerosol flow direction;
  • the top and the bottom of the road, the measuring pipeline is installed on the aerosol drop pipeline;
  • the aerosol collection device connected with the air outlet of the powder outlet pipeline, the aerosol collection device includes a dust collector, an aerosol collection cabin and an exhaust fan; the dust collector powder drop port of the dust collector is connected with the aerosol collection cabin ; The dust collector outlet of the dust collector is connected with the exhaust fan through a connecting pipe;
  • An aerosol generation monitoring device connected to the aerosol falling pipeline device, the aerosol generation monitoring device includes an aerosol generator and a weighing balance, and the aerosol generator is horizontally placed on the weighing balance;
  • Step A Connect the clean air source and the aerosol generator to the powder inlet pipeline respectively through conductive silicone hoses; select the measurement pipeline according to the calibrated aerosol concentration sensor, and install the aerosol concentration sensor on the measurement pipeline ;
  • Step B Turn on the clean air source, adjust a certain gas flow rate, and at the same time turn on the exhaust fan of the aerosol collection device to set the same gas flow rate, and purge the aerosol falling pipeline device;
  • the falling aerosol concentration sensor calibration test device includes an aerosol falling pipeline device, an aerosol collecting device and an aerosol generation monitoring device.
  • the powder inlet pipeline, the aerosol buffer chamber and the powder outlet pipeline, the aerosol buffer chamber includes the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber arranged along the aerosol flow direction, and the cavity cross-sectional area of the air inlet chamber gradually increases along the aerosol flow direction. Large, the cavity cross-sectional area of the air outlet chamber gradually decreases along the aerosol flow direction; the aerosol collection device is connected to the air outlet of the powder outlet pipeline; the aerosol generation monitoring device is connected to the aerosol drop pipeline device.
  • the aerosol buffer chamber includes an air inlet chamber and an air outlet chamber arranged along the flow direction of the aerosol, the cross-sectional area of the inlet chamber is along the direction of the air.
  • the flow direction of the sol increases gradually, and the cross-sectional area of the gas outlet chamber gradually decreases along the direction of the aerosol flow.
  • the aerosol buffer chamber makes the aerosol gas fully mixed in advance, and the buffer effect produced compensates for the high-concentration aerosol generator. Instability when it occurs, thereby improving the accuracy of the aerosol concentration test.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration test device for a falling aerosol concentration sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the external view of the aerosol drop pipeline device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the aerosol drop pipeline device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an aerosol buffer chamber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a detachable measuring pipe section provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another detachable measuring pipe section provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an aerosol collection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an aerosol generation monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the real-time variation curve of aerosol mass in the calibration test device of the falling aerosol concentration sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention with time;
  • Fig. 10 is the real-time variation curve of the light intensity over time of the calibration test device of the falling aerosol concentration sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the numerical simulation of the diffusion of aerosol powder particles in the aerosol falling pipeline device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1-Aerosol drop pipeline device 11-Powder inlet and air inlet pipeline, 12-Aerosol buffer chamber, 13-Aerosol drop pipeline, 14-Measuring pipeline, 15-Powder outlet and gas outlet pipeline, 16-Temperature and humidity Sensor, 121-inlet cavity, 122-outlet cavity, 123-middle expansion cavity, 141-probe insertion detachable measurement section, 142-probe insertion port, 143-retractable detachable measurement section, 144-upper pipe section, 145-lower pipe section;
  • 2-Aerosol collection device 21-dust collector, 22-aerosol collection cabin, 23-exhauster fan, 24-connecting pipe, 211-dust collector inlet, 212-dust collector outlet, 213-dust collector powder outlet;
  • 3-aerosol generation monitoring device 31-aerosol generator, 32-weighing balance;
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a calibration test device for a drop-type aerosol concentration sensor, so as to improve the accuracy of the drop-type aerosol test.
  • Another core of the present invention is to provide a calibration test method for a falling aerosol concentration sensor.
  • the falling aerosol concentration sensor calibration test device provided by the specific embodiment of the present invention includes an aerosol falling pipeline device 1, an aerosol collecting device 2 and an aerosol generation monitoring device 3, and the aerosol falling pipeline
  • the device 1 includes a powder inlet and air inlet pipeline 11 , an aerosol buffer chamber 12 and a powder outlet and gas outlet pipeline 15 arranged in sequence along the aerosol flow direction.
  • the aerosol buffer chamber 12 includes an air inlet chamber 121 and an air outlet chamber 122 arranged along the flow direction of the aerosol.
  • the cross-sectional area of the air inlet chamber 121 increases gradually along the flow direction of the aerosol, and the cross-sectional area of the air outlet chamber 122 increases along the flow direction of the aerosol. slowing shrieking.
  • the inner chamber of the aerosol buffer chamber 12 may have a tapered structure that tapers toward the inlet and outlet directions.
  • the aerosol collection device 2 is connected to the air outlet of the powder outlet pipeline 15 ; the aerosol generation monitoring device 3 is connected to the aerosol drop pipeline device 1 .
  • the falling aerosol concentration sensor calibration test device also includes a support frame 4, and the aerosol drop pipeline device 1, the aerosol collection device 2 and the aerosol generation monitoring device 3 are all installed on the support frame 4 .
  • the aerosol generation monitoring device 3 is connected to the upper part of the aerosol falling pipeline device 1; the lower part of the aerosol falling pipeline device 1 is connected to the aerosol collecting device 2; the aerosol falling pipeline device 1 is vertically fixed and installed on the device support Rack 4.
  • the support frame 4 can be a plastic frame.
  • the support frame 4 can be a metal piece, and specifically aluminum profiles can be used for assembly and splicing.
  • the bottom of the support frame 4 is preferably provided with walking wheels for overall movement. Yes, the traveling wheels are provided with a braking device to prevent the support frame 4 from moving during the test.
  • the aerosol buffer chamber 12 includes an air inlet chamber 121 and an air outlet chamber 122 arranged along the flow direction of the aerosol, the air inlet chamber
  • the cavity cross-sectional area of 121 gradually increases along the aerosol flow direction, and the cavity cross-sectional area of the air outlet cavity 122 gradually decreases along the aerosol flow direction.
  • the instability of the high-concentration aerosol generator 31 when performing low-concentration generation improves the accuracy of the drop-type aerosol concentration test.
  • the aerosol buffer chamber 12 includes an intermediate expansion chamber 123 connecting the air inlet chamber 121 and the air outlet chamber 122. , along the flow direction of the aerosol, the cross-sectional area of the middle expansion cavity 123 is the same, and the inlet of the air inlet cavity 121 is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor 16 .
  • the inner cavities of the air inlet cavity 121 and the air outlet cavity 122 may both be conical cavities, and the middle expanding cavity 123 may be a cylindrical cavity.
  • the powder inlet pipeline 11 can be a cylindrical pipeline, and is vertically and fixedly installed on the support frame 4 .
  • the aerosol drop pipeline device 1 also includes a measurement pipeline 14 and an aerosol drop pipeline 13 arranged between the aerosol buffer chamber 12 and the powder outlet pipeline 15 along the flow direction of the aerosol,
  • the aerosol buffer chamber 12 and the powder outlet pipeline 15 are located at the top and the bottom of the aerosol drop pipeline 13 respectively, and the measurement pipeline 14 is installed on the aerosol drop pipeline 13.
  • the measurement pipeline 14 is connected with the aerosol drop pipeline.
  • the pipeline 13 is detachably connected.
  • the aerosol downpipe 13 is a vertical downpipe section, that is, the inner cavity axis of the aerosol downpipe 13 is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the powder inlet pipeline 11 is installed on the upper part of the aerosol buffer chamber 12 and connected with the air inlet chamber 121; the temperature and humidity sensor 16 is installed on the upper part of the aerosol buffer chamber 12 and connected with the air inlet chamber 121; the aerosol The buffer chamber 12 is installed on the upper part of the aerosol drop pipeline 13, and is connected with the upper part of the aerosol drop pipeline 13 through the air outlet cavity 122, the lower part of the aerosol drop pipeline 13 is connected with the upper part of the measuring pipeline 14, and the lower part of the measuring pipeline 14 is connected with the powder outlet The upper part of the air outlet pipeline 15 is connected.
  • the inner diameter of the middle expansion cavity 123 is 2-4 times the inner diameter of the aerosol drop line 13 .
  • the aerosol downpipe 13 is a vertical cylindrical tube structure.
  • the inner diameter of the middle expansion cavity 123 is 30 cm, and the inner diameter of the aerosol drop line 13 is 8 cm.
  • the number of aerosol buffer chambers 12 is 2-6.
  • the number of air inlet chambers 121 is 4, and they are evenly distributed at the central point, that is, the air inlet chamber 121 takes the center of the top of the middle expansion chamber 123 as the center of the circle. Evenly distributed around the circumference.
  • the inner wall of the aerosol path cavity of the aerosol drop line device 1 is antistatic.
  • the powder inlet and air inlet pipeline 11, the aerosol buffer chamber 12, the aerosol drop pipeline 13, and the powder outlet and gas outlet pipeline 15 are all made of smooth stainless steel material and subjected to antistatic treatment.
  • the powder inlet pipeline 11, the aerosol buffer chamber 12, the aerosol drop pipeline 13, and the powder outlet pipeline 15 are all made of 316L stainless steel with the same wall thickness, specifically 2mm.
  • the tube wall of the measuring pipeline 14 is preferably made of transparent material, and the tube walls of the measuring pipeline 14 are preferably all made of quartz.
  • the height of the measurement pipeline 14 is between 1/12-1/10 of the height of the aerosol drop pipeline 13 .
  • the aerosol drop pipeline 13 can be specially designed according to different aerosol concentration sensors.
  • the circuit includes a probe insertion detachable measurement section 141 and a probe insertion port 142 installed on the probe insertion detachment measurement section 141 .
  • the pipeline of the measuring pipeline 14 can be set in a split type, the upper pipeline section and the lower pipeline section are isolated, and the measuring light passes through the upper pipeline section 144 of the measuring pipeline 14 and the lower pipeline section 145 of the measuring pipeline 14 at the isolated position, and the optical signal changes Measure the aerosol concentration here and measure the aerosol solubility. Specifically, the pipeline of the pipeline 14 is measured.
  • the pipeline of the measuring pipeline 14 is a retractable detachable measuring section 143, specifically the upper pipe section 144 is an upper shrinkage pipe section, and the lower pipe section 145 is a lower involute pipe section located directly below the outlet of the upper shrinkage pipe section, specifically Yes, the gas outlet end of the upper shrinkage pipe section tapers in cross-sectional area along the direction of gas flow.
  • the projection position of the outlet of the upper shrinkage pipe section is within the projection range of the inlet of the lower involute pipe section.
  • the inner cavity of the lower involute pipe section can be It is a cylindrical cavity structure.
  • the measurement probe of the aerosol concentration sensor on the measurement pipeline 14 is installed on the measurement pipeline 14 through the probe insertion port 142, and a calibration test experiment is performed.
  • a numerical simulation is performed on the flow process of the aerosol gas in the aerosol downpipe device 1 , and the inlet cavity 121 is filled with spherical particles with a particle size of 1 ⁇ m and a particle mass flow rate of 0.04 g/s. It can be seen from Figure 11 that the structure of the buffer chamber has a significant buffering effect on the pre-mixing of the aerosol powder, and the initial velocity of the particles entering the vertical drop tube section and the detachable measurement section is relatively small and the distribution is relatively uniform.
  • the aerosol collection device 2 includes a dust remover 21, an aerosol collection cabin 22 and an exhaust fan 23; the dust collector powder falling port 213 of the dust collector 21 is connected with the aerosol collection cabin 22; the dust collector 21 The dust collector outlet 212 is connected with the exhaust fan 23 through the connecting pipe 24 .
  • the connecting pipe 24 is preferably a hose.
  • the aerosol generation monitoring device 3 includes an aerosol generator 31 and a weighing balance 32 , and the aerosol generator 31 is placed horizontally on the weighing balance 32 . During specific work, the aerosol generator 31 is horizontally placed on the weighing balance 32 .
  • the aerosol generator 31 can use the BEG 1000 model produced by PALAS, Germany. The device is capable of diffusing mass flow at the highest level of metered constancy, with a feed rate of 100 g/h - 6000 g/h for this model of aerosol generator 31 .
  • the following figure 9 shows the real-time change curve of the calibration test mass over time, it can be seen from the figure that the mass loss rate is 0.057g/s, the gas flow rate is 40.83L/min, and the aerosol concentration is 84.3g/m3.
  • Figure 10 shows the change of the light intensity value of the aerosol concentration sensor based on the extinction method during the test process. It can be seen from the figure that the change of the light intensity value corresponding to the uniform aerosol concentration is relatively stable.
  • a calibration test method for a falling aerosol concentration sensor provided by the present application, specifically including the above-mentioned calibration test device for a drop aerosol concentration sensor, including steps:
  • Step A Connect the clean air source and the aerosol generator 31 to the powder inlet pipeline 11 respectively through the conductive silicone hose; according to the calibrated aerosol concentration sensor, select the measurement pipeline 14, and install the aerosol concentration sensor on the On the pipeline of the measuring line 14.
  • Step B Turn on the clean air source, adjust a certain gas flow rate, and at the same time turn on the exhaust fan 23 of the aerosol collection device 2 to set the same gas flow rate, and purge the aerosol falling pipeline device 1;
  • the method for determining the time ⁇ T for the aerosol drop pipeline device 1 to be filled with uniformly dispersed aerosols is as follows: the volume of the inner cavity of the aerosol drop pipeline device 1 is V, and the inflow time t of the intake air flow enters from the powder inlet intake pipeline 11.
  • the total flow rate of the air intake airflow of the aerosol drop pipeline device 1 is Q in
  • the total flow rate of the air flow of the aerosol drop pipeline device 1 flows out from the powder outlet pipeline 15 is Q out
  • the average concentration of the outlet gas flow is C out .

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Abstract

一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置及下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试方法，其中，下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置包括气溶胶下落管路装置（1）、气溶胶收集装置（2）和气溶胶发生监测装置（3），气溶胶下落管路装置（1）包括沿气溶胶流向依次设置的进粉进气管路（11）、气溶胶缓冲腔（12）及出粉出气管路（15），气溶胶缓冲腔（12）包括沿气溶胶流向设置的进气腔（121）和出气腔（122），进气腔（121）的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐增大，出气腔（122）的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐减小；气溶胶收集装置（2）与出粉出气管路（15）的出气口连接；气溶胶发生监测装置（3）与气溶胶下落管路装置（1）连接。可提高下落式气溶胶浓度测试的准确性。

Description

下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及气溶胶测试标定技术领域，特别涉及一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置。本发明还涉及一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试方法。
背景技术
粉体流动广泛存在于能源、化工、冶金等工业部门，以及气象、航天等各个领域。依据光学原理所研发的各种粉体流动参数检测仪器，因具有测量范围广，实时性强，广泛应用于各行各业和各个地区。在气溶胶浓度检测仪器研发和应用过程中，为使测量结果达到准确性要求，必须进行浓度标定。
在进行气溶胶粉体浓度的标定过程中，气溶胶粉体沿下落管路装置内部管路下落，具体的内部管路通常为内径相同的竖直管体。气溶胶粉体在竖直管体内下落时，浓度存在差别，进而导致气溶胶浓度传感器测试准确性较低，影响测试结果。
因此，如何提高下落式气溶胶测试准确性，是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，以提高下落式气溶胶测试准确性。本发明的另一目的是提供一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，包括：
气溶胶下落管路装置，所述气溶胶下落管路装置包括沿气溶胶流向依次设置的进粉进气管路、气溶胶缓冲腔及出粉出气管路，所述气溶胶缓冲腔包括沿气溶胶流向设置的进气腔和出气腔，所述进气腔的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐增大，所述出气腔的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐减小；
与所述出粉出气管路的出气口连接的气溶胶收集装置；
与所述气溶胶下落管路装置连接的气溶胶发生监测装置。
优选地，所述气溶胶缓冲腔包括连接所述进气腔和所述出气腔的中间扩型腔，所述进气腔和所述出气腔分别与所述中间扩型腔的顶端和底端，沿气溶胶流向，所述中间扩型腔的腔体截面积相同，所述进气腔的进口设有温湿度传感器。
优选地，所述进气腔为多个，多个所述进气腔沿气溶胶流向并列设置。
优选地，所述气溶胶下落管路装置还包括测量管路及沿气溶胶流向设置在所述气溶胶缓冲腔和所述出粉出气管路之间的气溶胶下落管路，所述气溶胶缓冲腔和所述出粉出气管路分别位于所述气溶胶下落管路的顶端和底端，所述测量管路安装在所述气溶胶下落管路上。
优选地，所述气溶胶缓冲腔包括连接所述进气腔和所述出气腔的中间扩型腔，所述进气腔和所述出气腔分别与所述中间扩型腔的顶端和底端，沿气溶胶流向，所述中间扩型腔的腔体截面积相同，且所述中间扩型腔的内径为所述气溶胶下落管路内径的2倍-4倍。
优选地，所述气溶胶收集装置包括除尘器、气溶胶收集舱和抽风机；所述除尘器的除尘器落粉口与气溶胶收集舱连接；所述除尘器的除尘器出口通过连接管与所述抽风机连接。
优选地，所述气溶胶发生监测装置包括气溶胶发生器和称重天平，气溶胶发生器水平放置在所述称重天平上。
优选地，所述气溶胶下落管路装置的气溶胶路径腔体内壁防静电设置。
优选地，还包括支撑架，所述气溶胶下落管路装置、气溶胶收集装置和所述气溶胶发生监测装置均安装在所述支撑架上。
一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试方法，包括：
气溶胶下落管路装置，所述气溶胶下落管路装置包括沿气溶胶流向依次设置的进粉进气管路、气溶胶缓冲腔、出粉出气管路、测量管路及沿气溶胶流向设置在所述气溶胶缓冲腔和所述出粉出气管路之间的气溶胶下落管路，所述气溶胶缓冲腔包括沿气溶胶流向设置的进气腔和出气腔，所述进气腔的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐增大，所述出气腔的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐减小； 所述气溶胶缓冲腔和所述出粉出气管路分别位于所述气溶胶下落管路的顶端和底端，所述测量管路安装在所述气溶胶下落管路上；
与所述出粉出气管路的出气口连接的气溶胶收集装置，气溶胶收集装置包括除尘器、气溶胶收集舱和抽风机；所述除尘器的除尘器落粉口与气溶胶收集舱连接；所述除尘器的除尘器出口通过连接管与所述抽风机连接；
与所述气溶胶下落管路装置连接的气溶胶发生监测装置，所述气溶胶发生监测装置包括气溶胶发生器和称重天平，气溶胶发生器水平放置在所述称重天平上；
包括步骤：
步骤A：将洁净空气气源和气溶胶发生器通过导电硅胶软管均分别与进粉进气管路连接；根据所标定气溶胶浓度传感器，选用测量管路，将气溶胶浓度传感器安装在测量管路上；
步骤B：开启洁净空气气源，调节一定的气体流量，同时开启气溶胶收集装置的抽风机设定相同的气体流量，对气溶胶下落管路装置进行吹扫；
步骤C：调节洁净空气气源气体流量至Q air，调节气溶胶发生监测装置的气溶胶发生器内气溶胶气体流量Q powder，并通过称重天平，记录气溶胶发生器质量损失速率M’，并调节抽风机抽气流量Q m＝Q air+Q powder；
步骤D：待气溶胶下落管路装置内充满均匀分散的气溶胶，时间间隔为ΔT后，开启气溶胶浓度传感器并对测量值进行记录；以标定装置所发生气溶胶浓度值C m＝M’/Q m为基准，对气溶胶浓度传感器得到的浓度值C n进行标定；
步骤E：关闭气溶胶发生器；调节洁净空气气源气体流量至Q air＝Q m；对气溶胶下落管路装置进行吹扫；经过预设时间后，关闭洁净空气气源和抽风机，并在气溶胶收集舱内对所收集粉体进行清理。
在上述技术方案中，本发明提供的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置包括气溶胶下落管路装置、气溶胶收集装置和气溶胶发生监测装置，气溶胶下落管路装置包括沿气溶胶流向依次设置的进粉进气管路、气溶胶缓冲腔及出粉出气管路，气溶胶缓冲腔包括沿气溶胶流向设置的进气腔和出气腔，进气腔的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐增大，出气腔的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐减小；气溶胶收集装置与出粉出气管路的出气口连接；气溶胶发生监测装置与气 溶胶下落管路装置连接。
通过上述描述可知，在本申请提供的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置中，由于气溶胶缓冲腔包括沿气溶胶流向设置的进气腔和出气腔，进气腔的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐增大，出气腔的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐减小，气溶胶缓冲腔使气溶胶气体得到预先充分混合，所产生的缓冲作用补偿高浓度气溶胶发生器在进行低浓度发生时的不稳定性，进而提高气溶胶浓度测试准确性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例所提供的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例所提供的气溶胶下落管路装置的外观图；
图3为本发明实施例所提供的气溶胶下落管路装置的俯视图；
图4为本发明实施例所提供的气溶胶缓冲腔剖视图；
图5为本发明实施例所提供的一种可拆卸测量管段的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例所提供的另一种可拆卸测量管段的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例所提供的气溶胶收集装置的结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例所提供的气溶胶发生监测装置的结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例所提供的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置内气溶胶质量随时间的实时变化曲线；
图10为本发明实施例所提供的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置光强随时间的实时变化曲线；
图11本发明实施例所提供的气溶胶下落管路装置内气溶胶粉体颗粒扩散数值模拟示意图。
其中图1-8中：
1-气溶胶下落管路装置、11-进粉进气管路、12-气溶胶缓冲腔、13-气溶胶下落管路、14-测量管路、15-出粉出气管路、16-温湿度传感器、121-进气腔、122-出气腔、123-中间扩型腔、141-探头插入式可拆卸测量段、142-探头插入端口、143-收缩式可拆卸测量段、144-上部管段、145-下部管段；
2-气溶胶收集装置、21-除尘器、22-气溶胶收集舱、23-抽风机、24-连接管、211-除尘器进口、212-除尘器出口、213-除尘器落粉口；
3-气溶胶发生监测装置、31-气溶胶发生器、32-称重天平；
4-支撑架。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，以提高下落式气溶胶测试准确性。本发明的另一核心是提供一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试方法。
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图1至图10。
在一种具体实施方式中，本发明具体实施例提供的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置包括气溶胶下落管路装置1、气溶胶收集装置2和气溶胶发生监测装置3，气溶胶下落管路装置1包括沿气溶胶流向依次设置的进粉进气管路11、气溶胶缓冲腔12及出粉出气管路15。
气溶胶缓冲腔12包括沿气溶胶流向设置的进气腔121和出气腔122，进气腔121的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐增大，出气腔122的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐减小。具体的，气溶胶缓冲腔12的内腔可以呈向进口和出口方向渐缩的锥形结构。
气溶胶收集装置2与出粉出气管路15的出气口连接；气溶胶发生监测装置3与气溶胶下落管路装置1连接。
为了便于整体组装移动，优选，该下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置还包括支撑架4，气溶胶下落管路装置1、气溶胶收集装置2和气溶胶发生监测装置3均安装在支撑架4上。具体的，气溶胶发生监测装置3与气溶胶下落 管路装置1上部连接；气溶胶下落管路装置1下部与气溶胶收集装置2连接；气溶胶下落管路装置1竖直固定安装在装置支撑架4上。
具体的，支撑架4可以为塑料架，为了提高支撑强度，支撑架4可以为金属件，具体可采用铝型材进行组装拼接，支撑架4的底部优选设有行走轮，置整体的移动，具体的，行走轮上设有刹车装置，避免进行试验时，支撑架4移动。
通过上述描述可知，在本申请具体实施例所提供的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置中，由于气溶胶缓冲腔12包括沿气溶胶流向设置的进气腔121和出气腔122，进气腔121的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐增大，出气腔122的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐减小，气溶胶缓冲腔12使气溶胶气体得到预先充分混合，所产生的缓冲作用补偿高浓度气溶胶发生器31在进行低浓度发生时的不稳定性，进而提高下落式气溶胶浓度测试的准确性。
在一种具体实施方式中，气溶胶缓冲腔12包括连接进气腔121和出气腔122的中间扩型腔123，进气腔121和出气腔122分别与中间扩型腔123的顶端和底端，沿气溶胶流向，中间扩型腔123的腔体截面积相同，进气腔121的进口设有温湿度传感器16。具体的，进气腔121和出气腔122的内腔可以均为圆锥形腔体，中间扩型腔123可以为圆柱型腔体。
进粉进气管路11可以为圆柱型管路，竖直固定安装在支撑架4上。
在一种具体实施方式中，进气腔121为多个，多个进气腔121沿气溶胶流向并列设置。即进气腔121的出口均与中间扩型腔123连接。
在一种具体实施方式中，气溶胶下落管路装置1还包括测量管路14及沿气溶胶流向设置在气溶胶缓冲腔12和出粉出气管路15之间的气溶胶下落管路13，气溶胶缓冲腔12和出粉出气管路15分别位于气溶胶下落管路13的顶端和底端，测量管路14安装在气溶胶下落管路13上，优选，测量管路14与气溶胶下落管路13可拆卸连接。具体的，优选，气溶胶下落管路13为垂直下落管段，即气溶胶下落管路13内腔轴线大致垂直于水平面。
在具体组装时，进粉进气管路11安装在气溶胶缓冲腔12上部，同进气腔121相连接；温湿度传感器16安装在气溶胶缓冲腔12上部，同进气腔121连接；气溶胶缓冲腔12安装在气溶胶下落管路13上部，通过出气腔122与气溶 胶下落管路13上部连接，气溶胶下落管路13下部与测量管路14上部连接，测量管路14下部与出粉出气管路15上部连接。
在一种具体实施方式中，中间扩型腔123的内径为气溶胶下落管路13内径的2倍-4倍。具体的，气溶胶下落管路13为竖直圆柱形管体结构。中间扩型腔123内径为30cm，气溶胶下落管路13内径为8cm。
气溶胶缓冲腔12数量为2-6个，在一些实施例中，进气腔121数量为4个，并且均匀分布在中心点位置，即进气腔121以中间扩型腔123顶部中心为圆心周向均匀分布。
优选，气溶胶下落管路装置1的气溶胶路径腔体内壁防静电设置。具体的，进粉进气管路11、气溶胶缓冲腔12、气溶胶下落管路13和出粉出气管路15均采用表面光滑的不锈钢材料制成，并进行防静电处理。在一些实施例中，进粉进气管路11、气溶胶缓冲腔12、气溶胶下落管路13和出粉出气管路15均采用316L不锈钢制成，壁厚为相同，具体可以为2mm。
测量管路14的管壁优选选用透明材料制成，测量管路14的管壁优选均采用石英制成。测量管路14高度在气溶胶下落管路13高度的1/12-1/10之间。气溶胶下落管路13可根据气溶胶浓度传感器的不同进行特殊设计，在一些实施例中，如图5所述，当测量管路14上安装的浓度探头插入式结构，测量管路14的管路包括探头插入式可拆卸测量段141及安装在探头插入式可拆卸测量段141上的探头插入端口142。测量管路14的管路可以为分体式设置，上部管段和下部管段隔离设置，测量光线穿过测量管路14的上部管段144和测量管路14的下部管段145隔离位置处，通过光信号变化测量此处气溶胶浓度，测量气溶胶溶度。具体的，测量管路14的管路。如图6所示，测量管路14的管路为收缩式可拆卸测量段143，具体上部管段144为上部收缩管段，下部管段145为位于上部收缩管段的出口正下方的下部渐开管段，具体的，上部收缩管段的出气端沿气体流动方向截面积渐缩，优选由上至下投影时，上部收缩管段出口投影位置下部渐开管段进口投影范围内，具体的，下部渐开管段内腔可以为圆柱形空腔结构。当收缩式可拆卸测量段采用喷嘴型结构设计能够约束颗粒流动轨迹，能够有效避免测量管路14上气溶胶浓度传感器测量过程镜头污染的问题。
对于测量管路14上气溶胶浓度传感器的测量探头通过探头插入端口142安装在测量管路14上，进行标定测试实验。
在一些实施例中，对气溶胶气体在气溶胶下落管路装置1内的流动过程进行数值模拟，进气腔121通入球形颗粒，粒径大小为1um，颗粒质量流量为0.04g/s。可以从图11中看出缓冲腔结构对于气溶胶粉体预先混合缓冲作用明显，在进入垂直下落管段和可拆卸测量段颗粒初速度较小，分布较为均匀。
在一种具体实施方式中，气溶胶收集装置2包括除尘器21、气溶胶收集舱22和抽风机23；除尘器21的除尘器落粉口213与气溶胶收集舱22连接；除尘器21的除尘器出口212通过连接管24与抽风机23连接。具体的，为了便于组装，连接管24优选为软管。
在一种具体实施方式中，气溶胶发生监测装置3包括气溶胶发生器31和称重天平32，气溶胶发生器31水平放置在称重天平32上。在具体工作时，气溶胶发生器31水平放置在称重天平32上。在一些实施例中，气溶胶发生器31可以使用德国PALAS生产的BEG 1000型号。该装置能够以最高水平的计量恒定性扩散质量流量，该型号气溶胶发生器31的给料速率为100g/h-6000g/h。在一些实施例中，如下图9给出了标定测试质量随时间的实时变化曲线，由图中可以看出质量损失速率为0.057g/s，气体流量为40.83L/min，气溶胶浓度则为84.3g/m3。图10给出了测试过程中，基于消光法的气溶胶浓度传感器光强值的变化，可以从图中看出，气溶胶浓度均匀与之对应的光强值变化较为稳定。
本申请提供的一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试方法，具体包括上述下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，包括步骤：
步骤A：将洁净空气气源和气溶胶发生器31通过导电硅胶软管均分别与进粉进气管路11连接；根据所标定气溶胶浓度传感器，选用测量管路14，将气溶胶浓度传感器安装在测量管路14的管路上。
步骤B：开启洁净空气气源，调节一定的气体流量，同时开启气溶胶收集装置2的抽风机23设定相同的气体流量，对气溶胶下落管路装置1进行吹扫；
步骤C：调节洁净空气气源气体流量至Q air，调节气溶胶发生监测装置3的气溶胶发生器31内气溶胶气体流量Q powder，并通过称重天平32，记录气溶 胶发生器31质量损失速率M’，并调节抽风机23抽气流量Q m＝Q air+Q powder；
步骤D：待气溶胶下落管路装置1内充满均匀分散的气溶胶，时间间隔为ΔT后，开启气溶胶浓度传感器并对测量值进行记录；以标定装置所发生气溶胶浓度值C m＝M’/Q m为基准，对气溶胶浓度传感器得到的浓度值C n进行标定；
步骤E：关闭气溶胶发生器31；调节洁净空气气源气体流量至Q air＝Q m。对气溶胶下落管路装置1进行吹扫；经过预设时间后，关闭洁净空气气源和抽风机23，并在气溶胶收集舱22内对所收集粉体进行清理。
气溶胶下落管路装置1内充满均匀分散的气溶胶的时间ΔT确定方法为：气溶胶下落管路装置1内腔体积为V，进气气流通入时间t，从进粉进气管路11进入气溶胶下落管路装置1进气气流总流量为Q in，进气气流平均浓度为C in＝M’/Q in，从出粉出气管路15流出气溶胶下落管路装置1出气气流总流量为Q out，出气气流平均浓度为C out。在气溶胶下落管路装置1为常压状态，且不存在管路壁面沾染粉体情况下，可知Q in＝Q out。当进气气流通入时间t<V/Q in时，进气气流平均浓度与出气气流平均浓度关系为C in>C out，当开启进气气流通入时间t≥V/Q in时，进气气流平均浓度与出气气流平均浓度关系为C in＝C out。即气溶胶下落管路装置1内充满均匀分散的气溶胶的时间ΔT＝V/Q in。通常情况下，导电硅胶软管内仍会存在少量气溶胶沾染情况，因此实际测试过程中气溶胶下落管路装置1内充满均匀分散的气溶胶的时间ΔT’＝3ΔT。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，其特征在于，包括：
    气溶胶下落管路装置(1)，所述气溶胶下落管路装置(1)包括沿气溶胶流向依次设置的进粉进气管路(11)、气溶胶缓冲腔(12)及出粉出气管路(15)，所述气溶胶缓冲腔(12)包括沿气溶胶流向设置的进气腔(121)和出气腔(122)，所述进气腔(121)的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐增大，所述出气腔(122)的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐减小；
    与所述出粉出气管路(15)的出气口连接的气溶胶收集装置(2)；
    与所述气溶胶下落管路装置(1)连接的气溶胶发生监测装置(3)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，其特征在于，所述气溶胶缓冲腔(12)包括连接所述进气腔(121)和所述出气腔(122)的中间扩型腔(123)，所述进气腔(121)和所述出气腔(122)分别与所述中间扩型腔(123)的顶端和底端，沿气溶胶流向，所述中间扩型腔(123)的腔体截面积相同，所述进气腔(121)的进口设有温湿度传感器(16)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，其特征在于，所述进气腔(121)为多个，多个所述进气腔(121)沿气溶胶流向并列设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，其特征在于，所述气溶胶下落管路装置(1)还包括测量管路(14)及沿气溶胶流向设置在所述气溶胶缓冲腔(12)和所述出粉出气管路(15)之间的气溶胶下落管路(13)，所述气溶胶缓冲腔(12)和所述出粉出气管路(15)分别位于所述气溶胶下落管路(13)的顶端和底端，所述测量管路(14)安装在所述气溶胶下落管路(13)上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，其特征在于，所述气溶胶缓冲腔(12)包括连接所述进气腔(121)和所述出气腔(122)的中间扩型腔(123)，所述进气腔(121)和所述出气腔(122)分别与所述中间扩型腔(123)的顶端和底端，沿气溶胶流向，所述中间扩型腔(123)的腔体截面积相同，且所述中间扩型腔(123)的内径为所述气溶胶下落管路 (13)内径的2倍-4倍。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，其特征在于，所述气溶胶收集装置(2)包括除尘器(21)、气溶胶收集舱(22)和抽风机(23)；所述除尘器(21)的除尘器落粉口(213)与气溶胶收集舱(22)连接；所述除尘器(21)的除尘器出口(212)通过连接管(24)与所述抽风机(23)连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，其特征在于，所述气溶胶发生监测装置(3)包括气溶胶发生器(31)和称重天平(32)，气溶胶发生器(31)水平放置在所述称重天平(32)上。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，其特征在于，所述气溶胶下落管路装置(1)的气溶胶路径腔体内壁防静电设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试装置，其特征在于，还包括支撑架(4)，所述气溶胶下落管路装置(1)、气溶胶收集装置(2)和所述气溶胶发生监测装置(3)均安装在所述支撑架(4)上。
  10. 一种下落式气溶胶浓度传感器标定测试方法，其特征在于，包括：
    气溶胶下落管路装置(1)，所述气溶胶下落管路装置(1)包括沿气溶胶流向依次设置的进粉进气管路(11)、气溶胶缓冲腔(12)、出粉出气管路(15)、测量管路(14)及沿气溶胶流向设置在所述气溶胶缓冲腔(12)和所述出粉出气管路(15)之间的气溶胶下落管路(13)，所述气溶胶缓冲腔(12)包括沿气溶胶流向设置的进气腔(121)和出气腔(122)，所述进气腔(121)的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐增大，所述出气腔(122)的腔体截面积沿气溶胶流向逐渐减小；所述气溶胶缓冲腔(12)和所述出粉出气管路(15)分别位于所述气溶胶下落管路(13)的顶端和底端，所述测量管路(14)安装在所述气溶胶下落管路(13)上；
    与所述出粉出气管路(15)的出气口连接的气溶胶收集装置(2)，气溶胶收集装置(2)包括除尘器(21)、气溶胶收集舱(22)和抽风机(23)；所述除尘器(21)的除尘器落粉口(213)与气溶胶收集舱(22)连接；所述除尘器(21)的除尘器出口(212)通过连接管(24)与所述抽风机(23)连接；
    与所述气溶胶下落管路装置(1)连接的气溶胶发生监测装置(3)，所述气溶胶发生监测装置(3)包括气溶胶发生器(31)和称重天平(32)，气溶胶发生器(31)水平放置在所述称重天平(32)上；
    包括步骤：
    步骤A：将洁净空气气源和气溶胶发生器(31)通过导电硅胶软管均分别与进粉进气管路(11)连接；根据所标定气溶胶浓度传感器，选用测量管路(14)，将气溶胶浓度传感器安装在测量管路(14)上；
    步骤B：开启洁净空气气源，调节一定的气体流量，同时开启气溶胶收集装置(2)的抽风机(23)设定相同的气体流量，对气溶胶下落管路装置(1)进行吹扫；
    步骤C：调节洁净空气气源气体流量至Q air，调节气溶胶发生监测装置(3)的气溶胶发生器(31)内气溶胶气体流量Q powder，并通过称重天平(32)，记录气溶胶发生器(31)质量损失速率M’，并调节抽风机(23)抽气流量Q m＝Q air+Q powder；
    步骤D：待气溶胶下落管路装置(1)内充满均匀分散的气溶胶，时间间隔为ΔT后，开启气溶胶浓度传感器并对测量值进行记录；以标定装置所发生气溶胶浓度值C m＝M’/Q m为基准，对气溶胶浓度传感器得到的浓度值C n进行标定；
    步骤E：关闭气溶胶发生器(31)；调节洁净空气气源气体流量至Q air＝Q m；对气溶胶下落管路装置(1)进行吹扫；经过预设时间后，关闭洁净空气气源和抽风机(23)，并在气溶胶收集舱(22)内对所收集粉体进行清理。
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