WO2023042643A1 - リンカー化合物及びそれを含む複合体化合物 - Google Patents
リンカー化合物及びそれを含む複合体化合物 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
- C07C323/01—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and halogen atoms, or nitro or nitroso groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C323/09—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and halogen atoms, or nitro or nitroso groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having sulfur atoms of thio groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
- C07C323/50—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C323/62—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atom of at least one of the thio groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring of the carbon skeleton
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a conjugated compound in which a drug compound used for treatment is conjugated with another compound, a linker compound used to form the conjugated compound, and a conjugated compound using the same.
- Cancer is a disease that ranks high in both morbidity and mortality in Japan and the world, and the establishment of its treatment is one of the most important issues.
- drugs for cancer relatively high-molecular-weight biopharmaceuticals produced by using gene recombination techniques have been developed from low-molecular-weight drugs in recent years.
- antibody drugs using the distinguishing property of antibodies have been developed.
- Antibody drugs have the advantages of high target specificity and fewer side effects than low-molecular-weight drugs. For this reason, antibody drugs are expected to be applied to cancer treatments by specifically acting on cancer cells.
- Antibody drugs can be developed in a short period of time using existing drugs and antibodies, and are expected to be developed with a drug development strategy that has relatively low development costs and a high probability of success. It is also expected in terms of possibility.
- antibody drugs generally have many problems such as complicated manufacturing processes, high manufacturing and development costs, high molecular weight drugs, and antigenicity.
- due to its large molecular weight, etc. its cell membrane permeability is extremely low, and its target is sometimes limited to extracellular proteins such as cell surface layers.
- an antibody-drug conjugate (antibody-drug conjugate) is created by combining an antibody and a drug with a linker compound, and by giving the linker compound a dissociable function, the drug exerts its function independently of the antibody. Technologies to enable this are also being developed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a drug-antibody conjugate compound in which an antibody and a drug are linked via a linker compound.
- This drug-antibody conjugate compound uses a linker compound having a sulfide group to form a disulfide bond with a cysteine in the Fc portion of the antibody to form a conjugate of the pyrrolobenzodiazepine prodrug monomer (drug), the antibody and the linker compound. It is what we are trying to form.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses an alkane-type disulfide linker as a linker that binds an antibody and a drug. This linker cleaves the disulfide linker in a glutathione concentration-dependent manner, and the cleavage is to be evaluated using FRET.
- Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a dithiobenzylurethane linker as a linker that binds an antibody and a drug. This linker attempts to cleave the disulfide linker in a glutathione concentration-dependent manner.
- the disulfide bond of the linker compound binds the antibody and the drug-composing compound, and the antibody and the drug-composing compound are cleaved according to the glutathione concentration, and the drug is treated. function can be exhibited.
- the concentration of glutathione is said to be 5 to 25 ⁇ M in blood and 0.4 mM to less than 10 mM in normal cells.
- Patent Document 1 identifies a range of glutathione concentrations greater than three digits (mM order) as the intracellular concentration. When the antibody-drug conjugate is administered into the blood, the glutathione concentration is low ( ⁇ M order), so the conjugated state is maintained.
- the glutathione concentration becomes high (mM order)
- the disulfide bond of the linker compound is cleaved
- the conjugate of the antibody and the compound that constitutes the drug is dissociated, and the drug is released. It can exert its medicinal effect in cells.
- the linker compound can only dissociate the complex of the antibody and the compound constituting the drug at a certain concentration according to the structure of each compound.
- the conjugate dissociates when the glutathione concentration reaches the mM order. exert its medicinal effect. Therefore, since the drug dissociates even in normal cells, the drug may act on unwanted cells and cause side effects.
- cancer cells are known to have a glutathione concentration of 10 to 100 times higher than that of normal cells, averaging about 10 to 200 mM.
- the present inventors considered whether it would be possible to distinguish between cancer cells and normal cells based on the difference in glutathione concentration between cancer cells and normal cells.
- the linker compound disclosed in Patent Document 1 can distinguish between ⁇ M-order and mM-order glutathione concentrations due to the structure of the linker compound.
- the linker using a disulfide bond used in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 is an alkane-type linker based on a thiol group such as cysteine.
- the alkane-type linker can adjust the easiness of dissociation and binding by adjusting the steric hindrance of the S atom, but it is difficult to give a high degree of selectivity according to various glutathione concentrations.
- glutathione concentration in cancer cells varies depending on the cell type and cancer state.
- linker compounds that dissociate at a given concentration of glutathione may be insufficient for therapeutic use in a variety of cancer cells and cancer conditions.
- the present inventors have found that by using a multifunctional linker compound with a higher degree of freedom in designing functions, various cancer cells can be identified, target cells can be accurately selected, and effective It was considered that it can be used for cancer treatment. Specifically, if the glutathione concentration at which disulfide bonds dissociate can be adjusted by molecular design, it is possible to obtain a multifunctional linker compound that can distinguish various cancer cells and cancer states depending on the glutathione concentration. Further research was carried out on linker compounds.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the concentration of glutathione at which disulfide bonds dissociate can be designed by molecular design, cancer cells can be accurately identified, and the glutathione is stable and targeted outside the target cells.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a linker compound and a conjugate compound containing the linker compound that can effectively release a drug compound in cells.
- a linker compound used in a conjugate compound containing a drug compound the linker compound having a structure represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 and R 2 are each a compound containing hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, or a halogen element, or a derivative thereof.
- the linker compound, wherein the conjugate compound is an antibody drug conjugate compound in which the drug compound and the drug compound transit peptide are conjugated via the linker compound.
- the conjugate compound, which is an antibody-drug conjugate compound in which the drug compound and an antibody are conjugated via the linker compound.
- the complex compound, wherein the drug compound is an apoptosis fusion peptide.
- the complex compound, wherein the drug compound is a nucleic acid.
- the concentration of glutathione at which disulfide bonds dissociate can be designed by molecular design, cancer cells can be accurately identified, and a drug compound can be released stably outside target cells and effective in target cells.
- a linker compound and a conjugate compound containing the same are obtained.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the NMR spectrum of the compound used in Test Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a graphical representation comparing the NMR spectra of the compounds of FIG. 1 overlaid;
- 4 is a graph showing the NMR spectrum of the compound used in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the NMR spectrum of the compound used in Test Example 2.
- FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 4;
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the result of plotting changes in absorption intensity at 242 nm in FIG. 4 with respect to time;
- 3 is a graph showing NMR spectra of some compounds used in Test Example 3.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing NMR spectra of some compounds used in Test Example 3.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing NMR spectra of some compounds used in Test Example 3.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing NMR spectra of some compounds used in Test Example 3.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing NMR spectra of some compounds used in Test Example 3.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the NMR spectrum of the compound used in Test Example 4.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing an NMR spectrum of another compound used in Test Example 3.
- FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 12;
- FIG. 13 is another partially enlarged view of FIG. 12;
- FIG. 10 is a confocal microscopic view of fluorescent coloring of cells used in Test Example 9.
- the linker compound of this embodiment is a linker compound used for a complex compound containing a drug compound, and has a structure represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 and R 2 are each a compound containing hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, or a halogen element, or a derivative thereof.
- a linker compound is a compound that is used to join other compounds and form a conjugate compound with those other compounds. Primarily through substitution on either the benzene ring of formula (1) or on R 1 , R 2 , it binds to other compounds to form complex compounds.
- a linker compound is used for a conjugate compound containing a drug compound. That is, at least one of the plurality of compounds directly or indirectly bound to the linker compound to form the complex compound is a drug compound.
- Pharmaceutical compounds broadly refer to compounds that act as drugs and compounds that exert therapeutic effects.
- the pharmaceutical compound is used in the treatment of cancer.
- the complex compound is preferably used against cancer cells.
- the linker-binding portion dissociates according to the concentration of glutathione. Therefore, when introduced into cancer cells with a high concentration of glutathione, the drug compound separates from the complex compound and is suitable for acting as a drug. ing.
- R 1 and R 2 are substituents in the aromatic ring in the formula.
- R 1 and R 2 may be substituted at any position in the aromatic ring.
- R 1 is substituted on one aromatic ring
- R 2 is substituted on the other aromatic ring. It may be a group, and may be substituted at multiple positions on the aromatic ring.
- R 1 , R 2 , and a plurality of substituents that can be contained therein may be the same substituents or different substituents.
- the substituent may be substituted at any position ortho, meta or para with respect to the position to which S is attached on the aromatic ring.
- the present inventors found that the conditions under which the S--S bond dissociates, specifically reducing conditions such as glutathione concentration, can be adjusted by adjusting the S atom of the S--S bond.
- the conditions under which the S--S bond dissociates specifically reducing conditions such as glutathione concentration
- it might be possible by adjusting the electron density of Mutual thiol-disulfide exchange reactions between S atoms and S—S bonds are controlled by the acidity (pKa) of the thiol, the electronic environment of the S atom, steric hindrance, entropy, and the like. Therefore, to control the reactivity of the disulfide linker with GSH, it is necessary to change the above factors.
- linker candidate compound As a linker candidate compound, by adjusting the electronic environment in the aromatic ring with the substituent (-R) of the aromatic ring bonded to or adjacent to the S atom, the environment of the S atom is controlled and the reactivity with GSH is controlled. I expected. Therefore, at first, attention was paid to the use of benzylthiol derivatives (Formulas (10) and (11) described later) that can be synthesized based on commercially available isophthalic acid. However, with benzylthiol derivatives, it was not possible to obtain a difference in electron density by proton NMR depending on the presence or absence of substituents, and it was considered difficult to design them as linker compounds.
- R 1 and R 2 are each preferably a halogen element, a hydrocarbon group, an oxide group, or a nitride group.
- each of R 1 and R 2 is preferably a halogen element, methyl group, t-butyl group, methoxy group, nitro group, carboxyl group, cyano group or dimethylamino group.
- R 1 and R 2 are each preferably a nitro group, a fluorine group, or a carboxyl group.
- R 1 and R 2 are each preferably a nitro group, a fluorine group, or a carboxyl group.
- substituents or compounds by selecting R 1 and R 2 from these elements, substituents or compounds, the electron density of the S atom in the above formula (1) is designed, and the glutathione concentration in cancer cells is selected. It can be a structure suitable for dissociating effectively. Specifically, by setting R 1 and R 2 to ortho-coordinated carboxyl groups, 80% or more of normal cells do not dissociate one day after administration, and a cancer cell model with a glutathione concentration of 20 mM It can be a structure in which nearly 100% dissociate one day after administration.
- both R 1 and R 2 are ortho-coordinated carboxyl groups and meta-coordinated fluorine elements
- 70% or more at 100 minutes after administration to a cancer cell model with a glutathione concentration of 20 mM can be a structure that dissociates.
- 70% or more at 100 minutes after administration to a cancer cell model with a glutathione concentration of 20 mM can be a structure that dissociates.
- R 1 and R 2 are meta-coordinated carboxyl groups and para-coordinated nitro group elements, 80% after administration to a cancer cell model with a glutathione concentration of 20 mM at 100 minutes after administration A structure in which the above dissociates can be obtained.
- the S—S bond is cleaved at a glutathione concentration of 10 to 200 mM.
- the S—S bond can be cleaved at glutathione concentrations in various cancer cells.
- the scale (order) of glutathione concentration in tissues is considered to be approximately 10 -6 to 10 -5 M in blood, approximately 1000 to 100000 ⁇ M in normal cells, and approximately 10000 to 100000 ⁇ M in cancer cells in terms of molar concentration. It is In particular, on average, it ranges from 5 to 25 ⁇ M in blood, from 0.4 mM to less than 10 mM in normal cells, and from 10 mM to 200 mM in cancer cells.
- the linker compound and the linker portion of the conjugate compound containing the linker compound are contained at a glutathione concentration of 10 to 200 mM in cancer cells under specific conditions. can be designed to cleave at a glutathione concentration of 10 to 200 mM.
- the structure of the compound of formula (1) more specifically, the structure of R 1 and R 2 , and the substitution positions on the aromatic ring can be designed to increase the electron density of the S atom.
- the linker compounds of the present embodiments can be widely used to form conjugate compounds with drug compounds and other compounds. Specifically, as described later, it can be used for an antibody-drug conjugate compound in which the drug compound and the antibody are conjugated via the linker compound.
- the complex compound of this embodiment contains the linker compound. That is, the conjugate compound includes the drug compound and the linker compound. In particular, it includes compounds in which drug compounds and other compounds are conjugated via said linker compounds.
- the conjugate compound is preferably an antibody-drug conjugate compound in which the drug compound and the drug compound transit peptide are conjugated via the linker compound.
- the drug compound transit peptide broadly refers to a peptide that has the function of complexing with a drug compound and guiding the drug compound to a target.
- the term "peptide" as used herein refers broadly to a conjugate of a plurality of amino acids, ranging from a few to large polypeptides (so-called proteins).
- a target refers to, for example, a particular cell or a particular location in a cell.
- a specific cell is a cell having a specific property such as a cancer cell, and a specific position in a cell refers to the inside of the cell, the surface of the cell, or the like.
- the drug compound transit peptide is selected from the group consisting of antibodies and cell membrane penetrating peptides.
- These effects include, for example, antibodies that deliver drug compounds to target cancer cells, and cell membrane-penetrating peptides such as linker peptides that deliver drug compounds into cells. It has the function of leading to a place.
- the cell membrane penetrating peptide is also preferably a linker peptide (peptide linker) that binds the above linker compound to another compound.
- a linker peptide for example, an arginine linker having an oligoarginine sequence in which multiple arginines are bound can be used.
- Peptides having an oligoarginine sequence or arginine-rich peptides facilitate intracellular uptake. Therefore, these peptides can be used as arginine linkers to bind to other compounds, allowing compounds to enter the cytoplasm from the extracellular space. can be taken into.
- the conjugated compound is also preferably an antibody-drug conjugated compound in which the drug compound and the antibody are conjugated via the linker compound.
- An antibody-drug conjugate compound can be used as a kind of antibody drug. That is, the antibody-drug conjugate compound has highly selective selectivity due to specific binding of the antibody to the target object (antigen).
- the linker compound is cleaved according to the intracellular environment, for example, the reducing environment (glutathione concentration), and the drug compound is released from the antibody-drug conjugate compound. Particularly high selectivity can be exhibited.
- the drug compound is also preferably a so-called drug, an amino acid, an oligopeptide, a protein drug, or a nucleic acid drug.
- the oligopeptide of the drug compound is also preferably an apoptosis-inducing peptide.
- Apoptosis-inducing peptides include, for example, PAD/kla(KLAKLAK) 2 and the like.
- Apoptosis fusion peptides induce apoptosis in cells and can be used to kill and treat cancer cells. Since the linker compound of the present embodiment and the complex compound containing it can specifically target cancer cells and cancer cells under specific conditions, they are used for treatment to kill specific cancer cells. be able to.
- the drug compound of this embodiment is a nucleic acid.
- the nucleic acid of the drug compound can be selected from those used as nucleic acid drugs.
- Nucleic acid medicines are therapeutic drugs that target chromosomal DNA, various functional RNAs, and proteins, and exhibit efficacy through functional control using nucleic acid derivatives.
- the antisense method which targets functional RNA in particular for target diseases, enables the design of various nucleic acid medicines based on the sequence, expression timing, expression site, etc., and has many potential applications.
- the linker compound of the present embodiment can be applied as a linker with polyethylene glycol (PEG), which is frequently used as a general-purpose DDS system. It can also be used as a linker compound that binds a molecule and a drug. It can also be used as a prodrug and as a binding linker to a deactivating molecule.
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- the linker compound is not limited to the above-mentioned compounds as the drug to be bound/loaded, and can be applied to various drugs.
- the complex compound of the present embodiment can appropriately select target cells by reducing conditions, particularly glutathione concentration conditions.
- it is preferably used against cancer cells.
- Cancer cells have a specific range of glutathione concentration, and the complex compound of this embodiment can specifically select a target.
- the action of the linker compound of the present embodiment includes the structure represented by formula (1), and the disulfide bond (S—S bond) in the structure of formula (1) is dissociated under reducing conditions. For example, it dissociates when glutathione (GSH) concentration increases.
- GSH glutathione
- the reductive conditions for dissociation such as glutathione concentration, vary depending on the structure represented by formula (1).
- the redox potential of the disulfide bond differs depending on the coordination position and structure of the substituent R on the aromatic ring of formula (1). In other words, the design of the substituent R on the aromatic ring can set the conditions for the dissociation of the disulfide bond.
- the linker compound of the present embodiment distinguishes between mM glutathione concentrations, specifically glutathione concentrations within the range of 10 to 200 mM, and dissociates when placed under specific concentration conditions. Therefore, the linker compound does not dissociate under specific concentration conditions, for example, when introduced into blood or normal cells with a glutathione concentration in the ⁇ M level. On the other hand, the linker compound can be dissociated when introduced into target disease cells having a glutathione concentration above the specific concentration condition, or having a certain intracellular glutathione concentration.
- the linker compound of the present embodiment has the above-described actions, it can specifically identify cancer cells. Specifically, according to the difference in glutathione concentration between normal cells and cancer cells, and also according to the difference in glutathione concentration according to the type of cancer cell and the state of cancer, the disulfide bonds are dissociated and the linker Conditions can be set for the compound to dissociate. Therefore, it is possible to accurately identify cancer cells and their types and states, dissociate the linker compound, and release the drug compound in the cells. This results in a linker compound that is stable outside the target cell and capable of effective release of the drug compound in the target cell. That is, it can be applied as a multifunctional linker that has designability and selectivity and exhibits advanced functions.
- linker compounds that can be dissociated by other glutathione concentrations or reducing conditions, and dissociate under conditions that can be designed in various ways. It can be widely applied as
- the composite compound of this embodiment has a linker compound having the above-described actions and effects.
- the conjugated compounds of the present embodiments can be used for drug delivery in a variety of situations where discrimination of reduction states by linker compounds can be applied, such as drug delivery in the treatment of various diseases. It can be widely used as a complex compound that can dissociate and release drug compounds depending on the glutathione concentration, which can be designed in various ways, in various situations, not limited to distinguishing between normal cells and cancer cells, or whether intracellular dissociation exists or not. .
- a compound with specific selectivity such as an antibody
- a linker compound to form a complex compound stable and efficient cell transduction other than the target is possible. Effective drug release in the targeted cytoplasm is possible.
- the complex compound of the present embodiment can be suitably used particularly for cancer treatment.
- cancer treatment it is possible to selectively release drugs in the vicinity of cancer cells, effectively escape drugs from endosomes, and selectively release drugs in the cell environment characteristic of cancer cells.
- a selective drug delivery system (DDS) is needed.
- the conjugated compound of the present embodiment is a conjugated compound obtained by binding a compound having specific selectivity such as an antibody with a linker compound to a drug compound. Since the linker compounds of the embodiments enable cancer cell selection, effective drug escape from endosomes, and selective drug release in cell environments characteristic of cancer cells, they can be widely applied to the DDS.
- FIG. 1 shows a comparison of spectral results of proton NMR in CDCl3 for the compounds of formulas (2) and (4).
- FIG. 2 shows a graph in which the spectra in FIG. 1 are superimposed for comparison.
- THF used was Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., product code 207-17765, ultra-dehydrated, stabilizer-free, and a cell of 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm was used.
- a reduction reaction of the oxidized form (disulfide) of the unsubstituted model compound of formula (2) was carried out in the cell.
- the reaction was carried out using an excess amount (11 equivalents) of LiBH 4 with respect to the oxidized form of the compound of formula (2) (45 ⁇ Min THF).
- LiBH 4 was prepared by diluting a commercially available THF 2M solution and used in the reaction.
- FIG. 4 shows changes in the UV spectrum as the reaction progresses.
- FIG. 5 shows an enlarged graph of absorption 1.0 to 1.5 on the vertical axis and wavelength 216 to 228 nm on the horizontal axis in FIG.
- NMR NMR was used to investigate the stability of disulfide bonds in a mixed system under various concentration conditions. From Test Example 2, it is possible to track the reaction by UV, but NMR measurement is used below because NMR can track a complex system more.
- the compounds of formula (6), formula (7) and formula (8) having the substituent (--COOH) are represented as ArSSrA(H), ArSSrA(F) and ArSSrA(NO 2 ), respectively.
- a comparison of the NMR spectra in FIGS. 7 and 8 shows that there is a clear difference between GSH and GSSG.
- a particularly striking difference is the chemical shift of the number 7 proton at the root of the S atom.
- the proton of number 7 of GSH is located at 2.144 ppm, while the proton of number 7 of GSSG is divided into two peaks of 3.292 and 2.956 ppm.
- the difference in chemical shift is due to the difference in electron density depending on the state of the S atom being SH or SS. It is thought that it is because it stopped rotating because it was crowded. Since it was found that there was a difference in the peaks of GSH and GSSG, it was thought that the respective compound ratios in the mixed system of GSH and GSSG could be calculated from the integrated values.
- FIG. 9 shows the NMR spectrum of reduced ArSH (formula (15) in the figure) and
- FIG. 10 shows the NMR spectrum of oxidized ArSSrA (formula (7)).
- Equation (16) shows the parallel relationship between ArSSrA(H) and GSH (left side) and between ArSH(H) and GS-SG (right side).
- An NMR tube was prepared by using a double tube (SHIGEMI model SP-405) and putting a TMS-containing CDCl3 solution (LOCK solvent) on the outside.
- LOCK solvent TMS-containing CDCl3 solution
- the abundance ratio of each compound can be derived from the comparison of the initial concentration of the input and the integral value of the obtained spectrum. was found to exist in the system as an intermediate.
- ArSSrA(F) and ArSSrA(NO2) were tested in the same manner as in Test Example 6 to examine their respective cleavage reactions in normal cell models and cancer cell models.
- the results of ArSSrA(F)ArSSrA(NO2) are shown in Tables 6 and 7, respectively.
- Tables 6 and 7 both ArSSrA (F) and ArSSrA (NO2) were cleaved about 90% after 100 minutes, and all were cleaved after 1 day. It was found that it can be expected as a linker that cleaves in response to cancer cell GSH concentration.
- Arg 8 acts as a cell membrane penetrating peptide (arginine linker) and has the effect of taking the bound compound into the cytoplasm.
- FAM and Dbs each develop a color by fluorescence, but the compound to which FAM-Dbs binds hardly develops color.
- FAM and DBS are separated and emit light, so that their intracellular distribution can be detected. Therefore, examining the fluorescence emission of the Arg 8 -Dbs-linker-FAM compound detects whether the compound was taken up into the cytoplasm, cleaved intracellularly, and the intracellular distribution of the cleaved compound. be able to.
- FIG. 15 shows a diagram of fluorescence development observed with a confocal microscope after incubating various cells with an Arg 8 -Dbs-linker-FAM compound (formula (22)) (25 ⁇ M) for 30 minutes in the F-12(-) state. show.
- the various cells are HeLa (human cervical epithelial cancer cells), HT-1080 (human fibroblastoma cells), HepG2 (human liver cancer cells), and CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary-derived cells), respectively.
- strong intracellular fluorescence was observed, indicating that the compound was incorporated into each cell via a cell membrane penetrating peptide (arginine linker).
- the fact that fluorescence was strong indicates that Dbs and FAM were separated from the compound of formula (22), that is, the disulfide bond of the linker compound was cleaved. From this result, the compound bound by the linker compound of the present embodiment can be introduced into cells by the cell membrane penetrating peptide, and the linker compound can be cleaved only in cancer cells where the glutathione concentration is above a certain level. shown.
- the glutathione concentration at which the disulfide bond dissociates can be designed by molecular design, cancer cells can be accurately identified, and stable and stable outside the target cell. can provide effective drug compound release. Therefore, it can be widely applied to antibody drugs using antibody-drug conjugates and drugs using other conjugates, and can be used for cancer treatment with few side effects.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年9月17日に、日本に出願された特願2021-152092号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
一方で、抗体医薬は一般的に、煩雑な製造工程、高い製造・開発コスト、薬剤の高分子量化、抗原性など多くの問題点も有する。さらにその大きな分子量などに起因し、細胞膜透過性が極めて低く、標的が細胞表層などの細胞外部のタンパク質に限定されることもある。
この問題に対して、抗体と薬物をリンカー化合物によって結合した複合体(抗体薬物複合体)とし、リンカー化合物に解離可能な機能を持たせることで、薬物に抗体とは離れた単体で機能を発揮させるための技術も開発が進められている。
この薬物-抗体コンジュゲート化合物は、スルフィド基を有するリンカー化合物を用いて抗体のFc部のシステインとジスルフィド結合を形成させ、ピロロベンゾジアゼピンプロドラッグ単量体(薬物)と抗体とリンカー化合物の複合体を形成しようとするものである。
このリンカーは、グルタチオン濃度に依存的にジスルフィドリンカーを切断し、また、その切断をFRETを利用して評価しようとするものである。
このリンカーは、グルタチオン濃度に依存的にジスルフィドリンカーを切断しようとするものである。
例えば、特許文献1の抗体薬物複合体は、グルタチオン濃度がmMオーダーとなった際に複合体が解離するので、正常細胞、がん細胞を問わず、細胞中に移行した際に薬物が細胞内で薬効を発揮する。そのため、正常細胞においても薬物が解離するため、望まぬ細胞において薬物が作用し、副作用の原因となる場合がある。
非特許文献1、2で用いられているジスルフィド結合を用いたリンカーは、システインなどのチオール基を元にしたアルカン型のリンカーである。アルカン型のリンカーは、S原子の立体障害を調節することにより解離、結合のしやすさを調節することはできるが、様々なグルタチオン濃度に応じた高度な選択性を持たせることは難しい。
[1]薬剤化合物を含む複合体化合物に用いられるリンカー化合物であって、下記式(1)で現される構造を有する、リンカー化合物。
(式(1)において、R1、R2はそれぞれ水素、炭素、酸素、窒素若しくはハロゲン元素を含む化合物又はその誘導体である。)
[2]前記式(1)において、R1、R2はそれぞれハロゲン元素、炭化水素基、酸化物基又は窒化物基である、前記リンカー化合物。
[3]前記式(1)において、R1、R2はそれぞれハロゲン元素、メチル基、t-ブチル基、メトキシ基、ニトロ基、カルボキシル基、シアノ基又はジメチルアミノ基である、前記リンカー化合物。
[4]前記式(1)において、R1、R2はそれぞれニトロ基、フッ素又はカルボキシル基である、前記リンカー化合物。
[5]前記式(1)において、前記S-S結合がグルタチオン濃度10~200mMにおいて開裂するよう構成されてなる、前記リンカー化合物。
[6]前記複合体化合物が、前記薬剤化合物と薬剤化合物輸送ペプチドとが前記リンカー化合物を介して複合した抗体薬剤複合体化合物である、前記リンカー化合物。
[7]前記薬剤化合物輸送ペプチドが、抗体、細胞膜透過ペプチドからなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載のリンカー化合物。
[8]前記リンカー化合物を含む複合体化合物。
[9]前記薬剤化合物と抗体とが前記リンカー化合物を介して複合した抗体薬剤複合体化合物である、前記複合体化合物。
[10]前記薬剤化合物がアポトーシス融合ペプチドである、前記複合体化合物。
[11]前記薬剤化合物が核酸である、前記複合体化合物。
[12]がん細胞に対して用いられる、前記複合体化合物。
本実施形態のリンカー化合物は、薬剤化合物を含む複合体化合物に用いられるリンカー化合物であって、下記式(1)で現される構造を有する。
S原子とS-S結合の相互のチオール-ジスルフィド交換反応は、チオールの酸性度(pKa)、S原子の電子的環境、立体障害、エントロピーなどによって制御される。そのため、ジスルフィドリンカーのGSHとの反応性を制御するには、上記因子を変化させる必要がある。
リンカー候補化合物として、S原子に結合又は隣接する芳香環の置換基(-R)によって芳香環内の電子的環境を調節することによって、S原子の環境を制御・GSHとの反応性の制御を期待した。そこで当初は、市販のイソフタル酸をもとに合成可能なベンジルチオール誘導体(後述の式(10)及び式(11))を用いることに着目した。しかしながら、ベンジルチオール誘導体では、置換基の有無によってプロトンNMRによる電子密度の差を得ることができず、リンカー化合物としての設計は困難と思われた。
そこで、ベンジルチオール誘導体よりもS原子が芳香環に近く、芳香環及び置換基の電子密度を受けやすい構造、すなわち直接芳香環にS原子が結合しているチオフェノール誘導体(式(1))を用いることを検討した。その結果、この化合物では芳香環上の置換基によるS原子上の電子密度の制御、ならびにGSHとの反応性の制御が可能であることを見出した。
前記式(1)において、R1、R2をこれらの元素、置換基又は化合物から選択することで、上記式(1)におけるS原子の電子密度を様々に設計することができる。その設計によって、上記式(1)におけるS-Sの解離する条件を制御することができる。
前記式(1)において、R1、R2をこれらの元素、置換基又は化合物から選択することで、上記式(1)におけるS原子の電子密度を設計し、がん細胞におけるグルタチオン濃度に選択的に解離するのに適切な構造とすることができる。
具体的には、R1、R2をそれぞれオルト配位されたカルボキシル基とすることにより、正常細胞に投与後1日で80%以上が解離せず、グルタチオン濃度が20mMのがん細胞モデルに投与後投与後1日で100%近くが解離する構造とすることができる。
また、R1、R2のいずれも、オルト配位されたカルボキシル基及びメタ配位されたフッ素元素とした場合、グルタチオン濃度が20mMのがん細胞モデルに投与後投与後100分で70%以上が解離する構造とすることができる。
また、R1、R2のいずれも、オルト配位されたカルボキシル基及びメタ配位されたフッ素元素とした場合、グルタチオン濃度が20mMのがん細胞モデルに投与後投与後100分で70%以上が解離する構造とすることができる。
また、R1、R2のいずれも、メタ配位されたカルボキシル基及びパラ配位されたニトロ基元素とした場合、グルタチオン濃度が20mMのがん細胞モデルに投与後投与後100分で80%以上が解離する構造とすることができる。
具体的には、後述するように、前記薬剤化合物と抗体とが前記リンカー化合物を介して複合した抗体薬剤複合体化合物に用いることができる。
本実施形態の複合体化合物は、前記リンカー化合物を含む。すなわち、複合体化合物は、薬剤化合物と、前記リンカー化合物とを含む。特に、薬剤化合物と、その他の化合物が前記リンカー化合物を介して複合した化合物を含む。
ここで、薬剤化合物輸送ペプチドとは、薬剤化合物と複合し、薬剤化合物を標的に導く機能を有するペプチドを広く指す。また、ここでのペプチドはアミノ酸複数個の結合体で、数個から大型のポリペプチド(いわゆる蛋白質)まで広く指す。標的とは、例えば特定の細胞や、細胞における特定の位置を指す。特定の細胞としてはがん細胞などの特定の性質を有する細胞、細胞における特定の位置とは細胞内部、細胞表面などを指す。
リンカーペプチドである細胞膜透過ペプチドとしては、例えばアルギニンが複数結合したオリゴアルギニンの配列を有する、アルギニンリンカーを用いることができる。オリゴアルギニンの配列を有する、又は、アルギニンに富んだペプチドは、細胞内への取り込みが促進されるので、これらのペプチドをアルギニンリンカーとして用い他の化合物と結合させることで、化合物の細胞外から細胞質へ取り込みませることができる。
抗体薬剤複合体化合物は、抗体医薬の一種として用いることができる。すなわち、抗体薬剤複合体化合物は、抗体が標的となる対象(抗原)に特異的に結合することで、高度に選択性な選択性を有する。さらに、抗体薬剤複合体化合物は、細胞内環境、例えば還元的環境(グルタチオン濃度)に応じてリンカー化合物が切断され、抗体薬剤複合体化合物から薬剤化合物を放出するので、抗体とリンカー化合物の組み合わせにより特に高い選択性を発揮することができる。
核酸医薬は、染色体DNAや各種機能性RNA、さらにタンパク質も標的とし、核酸誘導体を用いた機能制御により薬効発現する治療薬である。対象疾患に対し、特に機能性RNAを標的とするアンチセンス法は、その配列や発現タイミング・発現部位などに基づく多彩な核酸医薬設計が可能であり、潜在的適用疾患も多い。一方、従来の核酸医薬では、的親和性が高い誘導体は、標的と類似配列を有する標的ではないRNAとも複合体を形成し、オフターゲット効果と呼ばれる副作用を惹起することが報告され、深刻な課題となっている。
本実施形態の薬剤化合物として核酸医薬を用い、本実施形態のリンカー化合物を含服複合体化合物とすることで、リンカー化合物の高い選択性を得ることができ、また複合体化合物を構成する他の化合物に選択性を有するものを選ぶことができるので、特定の対象に対する高い選択性を得ることができ、副作用を防ぐことができる。
本実施形態のリンカー化合物の作用としては、式(1)で現される構造を含み、前記式(1)の構造のうちジスルフィド結合(S-S結合)が、還元的条件において解離する。例えば、グルタチオン(GSH)濃度が高くなった際に解離する。前記解離する還元的条件、例えばグルタチオン濃度は、式(1)で現される構造によって異なる。例えば、式(1)の芳香環上の置換基Rの配位位置及び構造によって、ジスルフィド結合の酸化還元電位が異なる。換言すれば、芳香環上の置換基Rの設計によって、ジスルフィド結合が解離する条件を設定することができる。
具体的には、リンカー化合物で抗体等の特異的な選択性を持つ化合物と、薬剤化合物とを結合し複合体化合物とした場合、標的以外での安定性及び効率的な細胞導入が可能で、標的とする細胞質での効果的な薬物放出が可能である。
がんの治療には、がん細胞近傍での選択的な薬剤放出、エンドソームからの効果的薬物エスケープ、がん細胞特徴的な細胞環境での選択的薬物放出などが可能な、がん細胞に選択的な薬物輸送システム(DDS)が求められる。
本実施形態の複合体化合物は、リンカー化合物で抗体等の特異的な選択性を持つ化合物と、薬剤化合物とを結合し複合体化合物とした場合、細胞膜透過性、体内循環特性に加えて、本実施形態のリンカー化合物によるがん細胞選択制、エンドソームからの効果的薬物エスケープ及びがん細胞特徴的な細胞環境での選択的薬物放出が可能であるため、前記DDSに広く応用することができる。
(チオフェノール誘導体モデル化合物の置換基効果:プロトンNMR測定)
チオフェノール誘導体として式(2)~式(9)に示す、化合物群を用いて各種検討を行なった。これらチオフェノール誘導体は市販されているもので、式(2)~式(6)は、様々な電子吸引基、電子供与基を持つモデル化合物として使用した。また、置換基(-COOH)を持つ式(7)~(9)も各種検討に使用した。置換基(-COOH)は、後の薬物・輸送部位との縮合に用いることが期待でき、置換基(-COOH)が、疎水性の高いジスルフィド類の水溶性を高めるという意味でも適切であると判断した。実際にこれら化合物は水に対して、溶解性があり、THFなどの有機溶媒にも可溶であるため、各種溶媒における様々な検討が可能である。また式(9)の化合物はエルマン試薬と呼ばれ、チオールの定量試薬として用いられている。
R = H 7.4933 ppm 4H (オルト位) R = H 7.2927 ppm 4H (メタ位)
R = H 7.216 ppm 2H (パラ位)
R = OMe 7.4933 ppm 4H (オルト位) R = OMe 6.8304 ppm4H (メタ位)
重ね合わせたスペクトル結果をみると、無置換のものとメトキシ置換されているもので、化学シフトが大きく変化していることが確認できる。この結果より、チオフェノール誘導体ジスルフィドリンカーは、芳香環上の置換基によるS原子上の電子密度の制御、ならびにGSHとの反応性の制御が可能であることが示唆された。
(ベンジルチオール誘導体モデル化合物の置換基効果:プロトンNMR測定)
薬剤・輸送モジュールと縮合させたベンジルチオール誘導体は、様々な置換基を有する誘導体が安価で市販されているイソフタル酸から、単純な官能基変換反応によって、合成可能であると考えた。芳香環上の置換基による制御が行えれば、リンカー化合物として有用であると考え、初期的検討を行うこととした。一般に、ベンジル位の置換基の反応において、芳香環上の置換基による電子密度の制御が可能なことは知られていない。そこで、モデル化合物を用いて、ベンジルチオール誘導体の置換基効果を、以下の式(10)及び式(11)に示した化合物で比較を行うこととした。式(10)のベンジルチオール、及び式(10)の化合物のR = Hのうち2か所を置換基OMeで置換した式(11)の化合物を用いた。
R = H 3.598 ppm
R = OMe 3.590 ppm
と有意な差を確認することはできなかった。この結果より、ベンジルチオール誘導体を用いた、芳香環の置換基効果によるGSHとの反応性の制御可能なジスルフィドリンカー化合物の合理的設計は困難であると判断した。そこで、試験例1のように、リンカー候補化合物を、より直接芳香環にS原子が結合しているチオフェノール誘導体を選択し、各種検討を行うこととした。
(UV スペクトルを用いた還元開裂反応の検討)
上記NMRの結果より、置換基によるS原子の電子密度の制御が期待できたため、実際にチオフェノール型ジスルフィドリンカーの還元的開裂反応の検討を行なった。まずは、簡便に検討可能なUVスペクトルを用いて、モデル反応として、有機溶媒THF中におけるチオフェノール誘導体モデル化合物(式(2)の化合物)の還元剤LiBH4との反応を行ない(式(12))、擬一次反応速度の検討を行なった。
この結果より、化合物のUVスペクトル変化より擬一次反応速度定数を求めることができ、化合物の構造による還元的開裂反応の影響の検証に役立てることができることが示された。
(NMRを用いたチオフェノールモデル化合物とGSHの反応の検討)
GSH とジスルフィドの交換反応は広く研究されている。その交換反応を考える上で重要になるのが平衡定数である。GSHは、GSH自身にも還元型GSH・酸化型GS-SGとの平衡があり、またリンカーとなるジスルフィドにも、その酸化体との平衡反応が存在する。そのため、各種化学種の濃度比を決定し、平衡定数を求めることが、リンカージスルフィドとGSHの反応性を考える指標となる。電気化学的な測定により酸化還元電位を求める手法や、NMR測定により各化学種の濃度比を求める手法など、様々な方法で調べられている。
本研究では、NMRを用いて各種濃度条件混合系における、ジスルフィド結合の安定性の検討を行なった。試験例2より、UVによって反応の追跡も可能であるが、複雑系についてはNMRの方がより追跡を行えるため、以下はNMR測定を用いた。
前記した置換基(-COOH)を持つ式(6)、式(7)、及び式(8)の化合物を、それぞれ、ArSSrA(H),ArSSrA(F),ArSSrA(NO2)と表記する。
それぞれの化合物のNMRスペクトルを図7、図8に示す。なお、図7においてaに示すピークは、アミドの2Hで、水消し(事前飽和法:presaturation)測定により積分値が下がっているものである。
NMR 測定においては、Casi, G. et al., J. Controlled Release. 2012, 161, 121, 422-428などを参考にし、水消し(事前飽和法:presaturation)測定で行なった。
次に、先ほど示した25分後の混合系スペクトルの各化合物の帰属、詳細な解析のため、混合系において先ほど示した反応式より存在すると考えられる以下の化学種、式(15)のArSH(H)、式(7)のArSSrA(H)、式(13)のGSH、式(14)のGS-SGのNMRスペクトルとの比較の全体図を図12、およそ2~4ppmの一部拡大図を図13、およそ7.2~8.4ppmの一部拡大図を図14に示した。なお、図12~14においては、化学式の添えられていない一番下のスペクトルが混合系のスペクトルとなっている。
(正常細胞モデル条件下での開裂反応の検討)
現実的な細胞内薬物濃度を想定したGSH濃度の細胞モデルに対して、式(7)のArS-SrA(H)を投与し、リンカー化合物の開裂反応の検討を行った。
ArS-SrA(H)濃度(225μM)において、正常細胞のGSH濃度を450μMと近似し、同様の測定を行なった。CDCl3に含まれるCHCl3のピークにより、濃度の薄い芳香族領域のピークが重なってしまうのを防ぐために、二重管の外側はD2Oで測定を行なった。全体的な化合物の濃度が薄く水のピーク割合が多くなり、化合物のピークとベースラインのピークの区別のため、積算回数をあげて測定した。解析結果を表2に示す。
(がん細胞モデル条件下での開裂反応の検討)
現実的な細胞内薬物濃度を想定した式(7)のArS-SrA(H)濃度(225μM)において、がん細胞のGSH濃度を20mMと近似し、同様の測定を行なった。
CDCl3に含まれるCHCl3のピークにより、濃度の薄い芳香族領域のピークが重なってしまうのを防ぐために、二重管の外側はD2Oで測定を行なった。全体的な化合物の濃度が薄く水のピーク割合が多くなり、化合物のピークとベースラインのピークの区別のため、積算回数をあげて測定した。解析結果を表3に示す。
この結果を試験例5の正常細胞GSH濃度での結果と上記結果を比較すると、明確な違いがあり、がん細胞を想定したGSH濃度では、(H)ArS-SG,ArSSrA(H)はほとんどGSHにより開裂され、ArSH(H)へと変換されていることが分かる。以上の結果より、現実的な細胞内薬物濃度のArS-SrA(H)において、正常細胞GSH 濃度・がん細胞GSH濃度に対応して開裂するリンカーとして期待できることが分かった。
(F置換体の還元的開裂反応の検討)
次に、下記の式(18)内に示すArSSrA(F)を用い、試験例5と同様の条件において、前記ArSSrA(H)と同様に開裂反応が起こるかを検討した。解析結果を表4に示す。表4のとおり、ArSSrA(F)は1日経過後に4割程度が開裂せずに残っていることが分かった。
もArSSrA(H)と同様に開裂することが確認された。
(NO2置換体の還元的開裂反応の検討)
また、下記の式(19)内に示すArSSrA(NO2)を用い、試験例5と同様の条件において、前記ArSSrA(H)と同様に開裂反応が起こるかを検討した。解析結果を表5に示す。表5のとおり、ArSSrA(NO2)は1日経過後に3割程度が開裂せずに残っていることが分かった。
(GSHによる還元的開裂反応:別のGSH濃度、置換基による影響)
ArSSrA(F)、ArSSrA(NO2)について、試験例6と同様の試験を行い、正常細胞モデル及びがん細胞モデルにおけるそれぞれの開裂反応を調べた。ArSSrA(F)ArSSrA(NO2)の結果を表6、表7にそれぞれ示す。表6~表7が示すとおり、ArSSrA(F)、ArSSrA(NO2)はいずれも100分経過後に約9割、1日経過後にはすべてが開裂していることが分かり、正常細胞GSH濃度・がん細胞GSH濃度に対応して開裂するリンカーとして期待できることが分かった。
(がん細胞特徴的細胞質環境での選択的薬物放出)
本実施形態のリンカー化合物による開裂が、がん細胞の条件において特異的に起こるかを、培養細胞を用いて試験した。
まず、式(1)のリンカーの2つのRに、それぞれFAM(式(20))と、Dbs(式(21))-Arg8を結合させたArg8-Dbs-リンカー-FAM化合物を準備した(式(22))。
Arg8は細胞膜透過ペプチド(アルギニンリンカー)として働き、結合した化合物を細胞質内に取り込ませる作用を有する。
FAM及びDbsはそれぞれ蛍光によって発色するが、FAM-Dbsが結合した化合物はほとんど発色することがない。これにより、リンカー化合物が開裂した場合、FAMとDBSが分離して発光するので、細胞内での分布を検出することができる。
したがって、Arg8-Dbs-リンカー-FAM化合物の蛍光発光を調べることで、該化合物が細胞質内に取り込まれたか、細胞内で開裂したか、及びその開裂した化合物の細胞内での分布を検出することができる。
いずれも細胞内での強い蛍光発色が見られ、細胞膜透過ペプチド(アルギニンリンカー)によって該化合物が各細胞内に取り込まれたことを示している。また、蛍光発色が強いことは、式(22)の化合物からDbsとFAMが分断されている、すなわち、リンカー化合物のジスルフィド結合が切断されていることが確認できた。
この結果により、本実施形態のリンカー化合物で結合された化合物を、細胞膜透過ペプチドにより細胞内に導入し、かつ、グルタチオン濃度が一定以上のがん細胞内でのみリンカー化合物を切断することができることが示された。
Claims (12)
- 前記式(1)において、R1、R2はそれぞれハロゲン元素、炭化水素基、酸化物基又は窒化物基である、請求項1に記載のリンカー化合物。
- 前記式(1)において、R1、R2はそれぞれハロゲン元素、メチル基、t-ブチル基、メトキシ基、ニトロ基、カルボキシル基、シアノ基又はジメチルアミノ基である、請求項1又は2に記載のリンカー化合物。
- 前記式(1)において、R1、R2はそれぞれニトロ基、フッ素又はカルボキシル基である、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のリンカー化合物。
- 前記式(1)において、前記S-S結合がグルタチオン濃度10~200mMにおいて開裂するよう構成されてなる、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のリンカー化合物。
- 前記複合体化合物が、前記薬剤化合物と薬剤化合物輸送ペプチドとが前記リンカー化合物を介して複合した抗体薬剤複合体化合物である、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載のリンカー化合物。
- 前記薬剤化合物輸送ペプチドが、抗体、細胞膜透過ペプチドからなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載のリンカー化合物。
- 請求項1から7のいずれか1項のリンカー化合物を含む複合体化合物。
- 前記薬剤化合物と抗体とが前記リンカー化合物を介して複合した抗体薬剤複合体化合物である、請求項8に記載の複合体化合物。
- 前記薬剤化合物がアポトーシス融合ペプチドである、請求項8又は9に記載の複合体化合物。
- 前記薬剤化合物が核酸である、請求項8から10のいずれか1項に記載の複合体化合物。
- がん細胞に対して用いられる、請求項8から11のいずれか1項に記載の複合体化合物。
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YIWU ZHENG; YANG SHEN; XIAOTING MENG; YAQI WU; YIBING ZHAO; CHUANLIU WU: "Stabilizing p‐Dithiobenzyl Urethane Linkers without Rate‐Limiting Self‐Immolation for Traceless Drug Release", CHEMMEDCHEM COMMUNICATIONS, WILEY-VCH, DE, vol. 14, no. 12, 16 May 2019 (2019-05-16), DE , pages 1196 - 1203, XP072418567, ISSN: 1860-7179, DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900248 * |
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