WO2023040107A1 - 一种IPv6子网范围获取方法及查询系统 - Google Patents

一种IPv6子网范围获取方法及查询系统 Download PDF

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WO2023040107A1
WO2023040107A1 PCT/CN2021/139933 CN2021139933W WO2023040107A1 WO 2023040107 A1 WO2023040107 A1 WO 2023040107A1 CN 2021139933 W CN2021139933 W CN 2021139933W WO 2023040107 A1 WO2023040107 A1 WO 2023040107A1
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subnet
network segment
character
prefix
ipv6
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PCT/CN2021/139933
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French (fr)
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王玉梁
薛希俊
李忠
张宇峰
李金岭
徐俊华
朱文进
刘少卿
张宇
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中电信数智科技有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
    • H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
    • H04L2101/604—Address structures or formats
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/30—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of unstructured textual data
    • G06F16/33—Querying
    • G06F16/3331—Query processing
    • G06F16/3332—Query translation
    • G06F16/3334—Selection or weighting of terms from queries, including natural language queries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/30—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of unstructured textual data
    • G06F16/33—Querying
    • G06F16/3331—Query processing
    • G06F16/334—Query execution
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/30—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of unstructured textual data
    • G06F16/33—Querying
    • G06F16/338—Presentation of query results
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/903—Querying
    • G06F16/90335—Query processing
    • G06F16/90344—Query processing by using string matching techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
    • H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
    • H04L2101/618—Details of network addresses
    • H04L2101/659—Internet protocol version 6 [IPv6] addresses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
    • H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
    • H04L2101/668—Internet protocol [IP] address subnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
    • H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
    • H04L2101/695—Types of network addresses using masks or ranges of addresses

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  • the invention belongs to the field of network address management, and in particular relates to an IPv6 subnet range acquisition method and a query system.
  • IPv6 is the abbreviation of "Internet Protocol Version 6" (Internet Protocol Version 6) in English. It is the next-generation IP protocol designed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to replace IPv4. A grain of sand encodes an address.
  • IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
  • Subnet network segment generally refers to the part of a computer network that uses the same physical layer device (transmission medium, repeater, hub, etc.) to communicate directly, for example, from 192.168. part.
  • IPv6 divides the entire address into 8 sections, each section contains 16 address bits, expressed in 4 hexadecimal numbers, and the sections are separated by colons, if in the 4-digit hexadecimal number, such as its high bit If it is 0, it can be omitted, and multiple consecutive all-zero groups can be represented by overlapping colons "::”.
  • An IPv6 address can be represented in a manner similar to a CIDR address.
  • the IPv6 address and the prefix length are distinguished by a slash, and the prefix length is represented by a decimal value, specifying the leftmost number of bits used to form the prefix in the address, such as 13AB::CD30 :0:0:0/60 indicates a subnet with a subnet prefix of 60 bits.
  • IPv6 IPv6
  • the Internet has fully evolved and upgraded to IPv6.
  • the address format of IPv6 is different from that of IPv4.
  • subnet mask, network number and host number in IPv6 They are replaced by "prefix length" and "interface ID”.
  • the current IPv4 resource management method and subnet division logic cannot manage the entire life cycle of IPv6 from planning to recycling.
  • IPv6 address management scattered, which increases the difficulty of IP address planning and management for operation and maintenance personnel.
  • the number of IPv6 addresses is huge and the address length is long. Determining the IP range corresponding to the subnet will consume a lot of computing resources and time.
  • the present invention provides an IPv6 subnet range acquisition method and a query system.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a method for obtaining an IPv6 subnet range comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Identify the prefix digits of the IPv6 address of the subnet range to be obtained according to the IPv6 address format
  • Step 2 Calculate the prefix carry digit according to the prefix digit
  • Step 3 Calculate the shiftable space according to the prefix digits and the prefix carry digits
  • Step 4 Obtain the hexadecimal subnet ID characters according to the prefix digits
  • Step 5 Convert the subnet ID character to a decimal number, and compare the conversion result with the shiftable space obtained in step 3 to obtain the start network segment character and the end network segment character;
  • Step 6 Determine the starting network segment and ending network segment of the subnet according to the IPv6 address of the subnet range to be obtained, the starting network segment character and the ending network segment character, and the starting network segment to the ending network segment are the IPv6 address subnet range.
  • step 2 the formula for calculating the prefix carry number j from the prefix number q is:
  • step 3 the formula for calculating the shiftable space k from the prefix number q and the prefix carry number j is:
  • step 4 first divide the number of digits of the prefix by 4 and round the result down to obtain the rounded result i, and then use the i-th character from left to right of the IPv6 address of the subnet range to be obtained as the subnet Net ID character.
  • step 5 the character of the subnet ID is converted into a decimal number c, if c ⁇ k, the character s of the starting network segment is 0 and the character e of the ending network segment is the hexadecimal form of the shiftable space k ; If c>k, then the starting network segment character s and the ending network segment character e are respectively:
  • mod means to take the remainder
  • H( ⁇ ) means to convert to hexadecimal form.
  • step 6 the prefix of the IPv6 address of the subnet range to be obtained is added to the left side of the start network segment character and the end network segment character respectively, and zeros are padded on the right side of the start network segment character and at the end Add F to the right side of the network segment character to get the corresponding start network segment and end network segment.
  • the query system based on the subnet range acquisition method includes an input module, a display module and a calculation module, the input module is used to input the IPv6 address of the subnet range to be obtained, and sends a subnet range query request after the input is completed; the calculation module It is used to respond to the subnet range query request and execute the subnet range acquisition method described in claim 1, thereby calculating the subnet range corresponding to the IPv6 address input by the input module; the display module is used to display the input IPv6 address and the final query result .
  • the method for acquiring the range of the IPv6 subnet in the present invention is simple, quick and easy to understand, and reduces the loss of computing resources, and the proposed query system facilitates the management of IP address resources, and reduces the cost input of operators.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining a subnet range in the present invention.
  • the subnet range acquisition method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • mod means to take the remainder
  • H( ⁇ ) means to convert to hexadecimal form.
  • the IPv6 address 240E:06A8:F:7::/30 starts with 240E:0680::/30 and ends with 240E:06CF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF: FFFF/30.
  • the present invention designs a query system based on the proposed subnet range acquisition method, including an input module, a display module and a calculation module.
  • the input module is used to input the IPv6 address of the subnet range to be obtained, and sends a subnet range query request after the input is completed;
  • the calculation module is used to respond to the subnet range query request and perform the acquisition of the subnet range described in claim 1 method to calculate the subnet range corresponding to the IPv6 address input by the input module;
  • the display module is used to display the input IPv6 address and the final query result.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种IPv6子网范围获取方法与查询系统，所述子网范围获取方法通过IPv6地址的前缀位数计算前缀进位数，根据前缀进位数计算可移位空间并确定子网ID字符，然后将子网ID字符与可移位空间比较以获取起始网段字符和结束网段字符；所述查询系统包括输入模块、显示模块和计算模块。本发明方法简单快速且易于理解，降低了计算资源的损耗，且提出的查询系统便于IP地址资源的管理，降低了运营商的成本投入。

Description

一种IPv6子网范围获取方法及查询系统 技术领域
本发明属于网络地址管理领域，具体涉及一种IPv6子网范围获取方法及查询系统。
背景技术
IPv6是英文“Internet Protocol Version 6”(互联网协议第6版)的缩写，是互联网工程任务组(IETF)设计的用于替代IPv4的下一代IP协议，其地址数量庞大，可以为全世界的每一粒沙子编上一个地址。
子网网段(Network Segment)一般指一个计算机网络中使用同一物理层设备(传输介质，中继器，集线器等)能够直接通讯的那一部分，例如，从192.168.0.1到192.168.255.255就是一个网段。IPv6将整个地址分为8节，每节含16个地址位，以4个十六进制数表示，节与节之间用冒号分隔，如果在4位的十六进制数中，如其高位为0则可省略，连续的多个全零组可用重叠冒号“：：”表示。IPv6地址可以按照类似CIDR地址的方式表示，IPv6地址与前缀长度以斜杠区分，前缀长度由一个十进制值表示，指定该地址中最左边的用于组成前缀的比特位数，例如13AB：：CD30：0：0：0/60表示一个子网前缀为60位的子网。
由于IPv4网络地址资源有限，严重制约了互联网的应用和发展，IPv6的使用不仅能解决网络地址资源数量的问题，而且也解决了多种接入设备连入互联网的障碍。目前运营商和大型企业都在构建自己的IPv6，互联网全面演进升级至IPv6，IPv6的地址格式和IPv4格式不同，目前IPv6中没有子网掩码的概念，也没有网络号与主机号的概念，取而代之的是“前缀长度”和“接口ID”，目前IPv4的资源管理方式和子网划分的逻辑是无法对IPv6进行规划到回收的全生命周期管理。IPv6在大量部署和应用的过程中，根据业务各自建网、非法接入使得IPv6地址管理分散，对运维人员的IP地址规划管理增加了困难。IPv6地址数量庞大且地址长度较长，确定子网对应的IP范围将消耗大量的计算资源和时间。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术中的不足，提供一种IPv6子网范围获取方法及查询系统。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种IPv6子网范围获取方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：根据IPv6的地址格式识别出待获取子网范围的IPv6地址的前缀位数；
步骤2：根据前缀位数计算前缀进位数；
步骤3：根据前缀位数和前缀进位数计算可移位空间；
步骤4：根据前缀位数获取十六进制的子网ID字符；
步骤5：将子网ID字符转换为十进制数，并将转换结果与步骤3中获取的可移位空间比较，以获取起始网段字符和结束网段字符；
步骤6：根据待获取子网范围的IPv6地址、起始网段字符和结束网段字符确定子网的起始网段和结束网段，该起始网段到结束网段为该IPv6地址的子网范围。
进一步地，步骤2中，由前缀位数q计算前缀进位数j的公式为：
Figure PCTCN2021139933-appb-000001
式中
Figure PCTCN2021139933-appb-000002
表示向上取整。
进一步地，步骤3中，由前缀位数q和前缀进位数j计算可移位空间k的公式为：
Figure PCTCN2021139933-appb-000003
进一步地，步骤4中，首先将前缀位数除以4并将所得结果向下取整得到取整结果i，然后将待获取子网范围的IPv6地址的从左到右第i个字符作为子网ID字符。
进一步地，步骤5中，将子网ID字符转换为十进制数c，若c＜k，则起始网段字符s为0且结束网段字符e为可移位空间k的十六进制形式；若c＞k，则起始网段字符s和结束网段字符e分别为：
s＝H(c-(c mod k))，
e＝H(c-(c mod k)+k)，
式中mod表示取余，H(·)表示转换为十六进制形式。
进一步地，步骤6中，将待获取子网范围的IPv6地址的前缀分别添加到起始网段字符和结束网段字符的左侧，并在起始网段字符的右侧补零且在结束网段字符的右侧补F，得到相应的起始网段和结束网段。
基于所述子网范围获取方法的查询系统，包括输入模块、显示模块和计算模块，输入模块用于输入待获取子网范围的IPv6地址，并在输入结束后发出子网范围查询请求；计算模块用于响应子网范围查询请求并执行权利要求1所述的子网范围获取方法，从而计算输入模块输入的IPv6地址对应的子网范围；显示模块用于显示输入的IPv6地址及最终的查询结果。
本发明中的IPv6子网范围获取方法简单快速且易于理解，降低了计算资源的损耗，且提出的查询系统便于IP地址资源的管理，降低了运营商的成本投入。
附图说明
图1为本发明子网范围获取方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
如图1所示，本发明子网范围获取方法包括以下步骤：
(1)根据IPv6的地址格式识别出待获取子网范围的IPv6地址的前缀位数，以待获取范围IPv6地址240E：06A8：F：7：：/30为例，其前缀位数q＝30。
(2)根据前缀位数计算前缀进位数，则前缀进位数
Figure PCTCN2021139933-appb-000004
(3)根据前缀位数和前缀进位数计算可移位空间，则可移位空间
Figure PCTCN2021139933-appb-000005
(4)根据前缀位数获取十六进制的子网ID字符，首先将前缀位数除以4并将所得结果向下取整得到取整结果i，然后将待获取子网范围的IPv6地址的从左到右第i个字符作为子网ID字符。本例中前缀位数30除以4后向下取余的结果为7，240E：06A8：F：7：：/30第7位字符为A，故子网ID字符为A。
(5)将子网ID字符转换为十进制数c，若c＜k，则起始网段字符s为0且结束网段字符e为可移位空间k的十六进制形式；若c＞k，则起始网段字符s和结束网段字符e分别为：
s＝H(c-(c mod k))，
e＝H(c-(c mod k)+k)，
式中mod表示取余，H(·)表示转换为十六进制形式。
本例中子网ID字符A的十进制数为10，即c＝10，由于c＝10＞k＝4，故起始网段字符s和结束网段字符e分别为：
s＝H(c-(c mod k))＝H(10-(10 mod 4))＝8，
e＝H(c-(c mod k)+k)＝H(10-(10 mod 4)+4)＝C。
(6)将待获取子网范围的IPv6地址的前缀分别添加到起始网段字符和结束网段字符的左侧，并在起始网段字符的右侧补零且在结束网段字符的右侧补F，得到相应的起始网段和结束网段。具体到本例，IPv6地址240E：06A8：F：7：：/30的起始网段为240E：0680：：/30，结束网段为240E：06CF：FFFF：FFFF：FFFF：FFFF：FFFF：FFFF/30。
此外，本发明基于提出的子网范围获取方法设计了一套查询系统，包括输入模块、显示 模块和计算模块。其中，输入模块用于输入待获取子网范围的IPv6地址，并在输入结束后发出子网范围查询请求；计算模块用于响应子网范围查询请求并执行权利要求1所述的子网范围获取方法，从而计算输入模块输入的IPv6地址对应的子网范围；显示模块用于显示输入的IPv6地址及最终的查询结果。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例，凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰，应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种IPv6子网范围获取方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤1：根据IPv6的地址格式识别出待获取子网范围的IPv6地址的前缀位数；
    步骤2：根据前缀位数计算前缀进位数；
    步骤3：根据前缀位数和前缀进位数计算可移位空间；
    步骤4：根据前缀位数获取十六进制的子网ID字符；
    步骤5：将子网ID字符转换为十进制数，并将转换结果与步骤3中获取的可移位空间比较，以获取起始网段字符和结束网段字符；
    步骤6：根据待获取子网范围的IPv6地址、起始网段字符和结束网段字符确定子网的起始网段和结束网段，该起始网段到结束网段为该IPv6地址的子网范围。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种IPv6子网范围获取方法，其特征在于，步骤2中，由前缀位数q计算前缀进位数j的公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2021139933-appb-100001
    式中
    Figure PCTCN2021139933-appb-100002
    表示向上取整。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种IPv6子网范围获取方法，其特征在于，步骤3中，由前缀位数q和前缀进位数j计算可移位空间k的公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2021139933-appb-100003
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种IPv6子网范围获取方法，其特征在于，步骤4中，首先将前缀位数除以4并将所得结果向下取整得到取整结果i，然后将待获取子网范围的IPv6地址的从左到右第i个字符作为子网ID字符。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种IPv6子网范围获取方法，其特征在于，步骤5中，将子网ID字符转换为十进制数c，若c＜k，则起始网段字符s为0且结束网段字符e为可移位空间k的十六进制形式；若c＞k，则起始网段字符s和结束网段字符e分别为：
    s＝H(c-(c mod k))，
    e＝H(c-(c mod k)+k)，
    式中mod表示取余，H(·)表示转换为十六进制形式。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种IPv6子网范围获取方法，其特征在于，步骤6中，将待获取子网范围的IPv6地址的前缀分别添加到起始网段字符和结束网段字符的左侧，并在起始网 段字符的右侧补零且在结束网段字符的右侧补F，得到相应的起始网段和结束网段。
  7. 基于权利要求1所述子网范围获取方法的查询系统，其特征在于，包括输入模块、显示模块和计算模块，输入模块用于输入待获取子网范围的IPv6地址，并在输入结束后发出子网范围查询请求；计算模块用于响应子网范围查询请求并执行权利要求1所述的子网范围获取方法，从而计算输入模块输入的IPv6地址对应的子网范围；显示模块用于显示输入的IPv6地址及最终的查询结果。
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