WO2023040007A1 - 一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法及系统 Download PDF

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WO2023040007A1
WO2023040007A1 PCT/CN2021/126651 CN2021126651W WO2023040007A1 WO 2023040007 A1 WO2023040007 A1 WO 2023040007A1 CN 2021126651 W CN2021126651 W CN 2021126651W WO 2023040007 A1 WO2023040007 A1 WO 2023040007A1
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water supply
total chlorine
secondary water
storage equipment
prediction model
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PCT/CN2021/126651
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English (en)
French (fr)
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耿冰
范晶璟
石明皓
刘辛悦
吴潇勇
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上海城市水资源开发利用国家工程中心有限公司
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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  • the invention relates to the technical field of secondary water supply of urban water supply pipe network systems, in particular to a method and system for ensuring total chlorine of secondary water supply and storage equipment based on water age control.
  • Secondary water supply is an important part of water supply for urban residents.
  • the rationality of its design and later operation and maintenance management have an important impact on the water quality of faucets.
  • the secondary water supply and storage equipment such as the secondary water supply pool (tank)
  • tank is one of the important facilities in the secondary water supply process. It is mainly responsible for storing drinking water so as to adjust the contradiction between municipal water supply and user water demand, so as to ensure user water demand. Safety.
  • water quality problems due to secondary water supply tanks (boxes) also occur frequently.
  • the water quality problems caused by the secondary water supply pool (tank) mainly include the pollution of the water quality by the rusted metal oxides and harmful metal ions of the pool (tank) itself, and the pollution of the water by chemical elements, as well as the growth of moss, red worms and Bacterial multiplication problem.
  • Total chlorine can inhibit the growth of bacteria in the pool (tank), and is an important indicator of the safety of secondary water supply.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for ensuring the total chlorine of secondary water supply and storage equipment based on water age control, so as to realize accurate and efficient protection of the secondary water supply pool (tank)
  • the total chlorine in the tank can achieve the required purpose.
  • the present invention proposes a method for ensuring the total chlorine of secondary water supply and storage equipment based on water age control, comprising the following steps:
  • Step S1 select a number of reference secondary water supply and storage equipment for the water supply area where the total chlorine of the secondary water supply and storage equipment is to be predicted, obtain the total chlorine monitoring data of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at different temperatures, and analyze The change law of total chlorine in the secondary water supply and storage equipment is obtained, and the total chlorine attenuation index of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at different temperatures is obtained;
  • Step S2 according to the obtained total chlorine attenuation index of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at different temperatures, determine the general total chlorine attenuation index of each secondary water supply and storage equipment in the current water supply area;
  • Step S3 obtain the liquid level change data of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to be tested, and use the predetermined total chlorine prediction model to obtain the corresponding Export the total chlorine, and compare the outlet total chlorine obtained according to the total chlorine prediction model with the measured outlet total chlorine to determine the applicability of the total chlorine prediction model;
  • Step S4 according to the target control value of the total chlorine at the outlet and the total chlorine prediction model, the average water age is obtained as the control requirement for the secondary water supply and storage equipment in the area.
  • step S1 select several secondary water supply pools or water tanks with the worst conditions in the current water supply area as reference secondary water supply storage equipment, install water quality monitoring equipment in each reference secondary water supply storage equipment, and then pass The water quality monitoring equipment installed in each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment monitors and obtains the total chlorine monitoring data C t at multiple times at different temperatures, and adopts multiple total chlorine monitoring data of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at each temperature The data obtained the total chlorine decay index of each reference secondary water supply storage equipment at different temperatures.
  • the maximum value of the total chlorine attenuation index is selected as the general total of each secondary water supply and storage equipment in the current water supply area. Chlorine decay index.
  • the total chlorine prediction model is:
  • C is the average total chlorine concentration of the inlet water of the secondary water supply tank (pool)
  • C' is the average total chlorine concentration of the outlet of the secondary water supply tank (pool)
  • C' is the target control of total chlorine at the outlet value
  • a is the ratio of the difference between the closed valve replenishment liquid level and the open valve replenishment liquid level of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to the closed valve stop replenishment liquid level, that is, the ratio of the replenishment water volume X to the effective volume V
  • k is Universal total chlorine attenuation index
  • q is the average hourly water consumption of residents corresponding to the outlet of the secondary water supply storage equipment
  • V is the effective volume of the secondary water supply storage equipment.
  • step S3 the liquid level change data of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to be tested is monitored to obtain the effective volume of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to be tested, the valve closing and rehydration of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to be tested
  • the ratio of the difference between the water level and the valve-opening replenishment level to the valve-closing stop-replenishment level is obtained by monitoring the average hourly water consumption q of residents corresponding to the outlet of the secondary water supply and storage equipment, combined with the general total chlorine attenuation index obtained in step S2 k and the influent total chlorine concentration of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to be tested, using the total chlorine prediction model to obtain the total chlorine concentration C' at the outlet of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to be tested, and compare the calculated value with the monitored value Comparison to determine the applicability of the total chlorine prediction model.
  • step S4 when the judgment result is that the total chlorine prediction model meets the applicability, the target control value of total chlorine at the outlet is used as the average total chlorine concentration C' at the outlet of the secondary water supply and storage equipment, according to the The average water age is obtained from the total chlorine prediction model, and the effective volume of the secondary water storage equipment in the area is adjusted according to the result.
  • the present invention also provides a total chlorine protection system for secondary water supply and storage equipment based on water age control, including:
  • the total chlorine analysis module of the reference equipment is used to predict the total chlorine of the secondary water supply and storage equipment. Select several reference secondary water supply and storage equipment in the water supply area, and obtain the total chlorine monitoring of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at different temperatures Data, by analyzing the change law of total chlorine in secondary water supply and storage equipment, the total chlorine attenuation index of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at different temperatures is obtained;
  • the general total chlorine decay index determination module is used to determine the general total chlorine decay index of each secondary water supply water storage equipment in the current water supply area according to the total chlorine decay index of each reference secondary water supply water storage equipment obtained at different temperatures;
  • the total chlorine prediction module is used to obtain the liquid level change data of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to be tested, and use the predetermined total chlorine prediction
  • the corresponding outlet total chlorine is obtained by the model, and the predicted value is compared with the measured value to determine the applicability of the total chlorine prediction model.
  • the total chlorine guarantee module is used to obtain the average water age as the current secondary water supply and storage equipment to be tested according to the target control value of the total chlorine at the outlet and the total chlorine prediction model after judging that the total chlorine prediction model meets the applicability control requirements, so as to obtain the regulatory basis for the current region.
  • the total chlorine prediction module compares the obtained predicted value with the measured value to judge the accuracy, and determines the applicability of the total chlorine prediction model according to the accuracy, and the total chlorine guarantee module obtains the total chlorine prediction model after judging After the applicability is satisfied, the target control value of total chlorine at the outlet is substituted into the total chlorine prediction model, and the average water age is obtained as the regional control target, and the effective volume V of the secondary water supply and storage equipment in the current region is adjusted accordingly.
  • the reference equipment total chlorine analysis module selects several secondary water supply pools or water tanks with the worst conditions in the current water supply area as reference secondary water supply storage equipment, and installs water quality monitoring equipment in each reference secondary water supply storage equipment , and then obtain the total chlorine monitoring data C t at multiple times at different temperatures by monitoring the water quality monitoring equipment installed in each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment.
  • the total chlorine decay index of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at different temperatures is obtained from the total chlorine monitoring data.
  • the total chlorine prediction model is:
  • C is the average total chlorine concentration of the inlet water of the secondary water supply tank (pool)
  • C' is the average total chlorine concentration of the outlet of the secondary water supply tank (pool)
  • C' is the target control of total chlorine at the outlet value
  • a is the ratio of the difference between the closed valve replenishment liquid level and the open valve replenishment liquid level of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to the closed valve stop replenishment liquid level, that is, the ratio of the replenishment water volume X to the effective volume V
  • k is Universal total chlorine attenuation index
  • q is the average hourly water consumption of residents corresponding to the outlet of the secondary water supply storage equipment
  • V is the effective volume of the secondary water supply storage equipment.
  • the present invention provides a method and system for ensuring the total chlorine of secondary water supply and storage equipment based on water age control.
  • the relationship between the total chlorine at the outlet of the secondary water supply pool (tank) and the water age can be determined, which can be used to adjust the operating water level of the pool (tank) and shorten the water pool (tank) under the premise of ensuring water safety for users.
  • water age provides theoretical support, and the prediction error is small and the accuracy is high.
  • Fig. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a secondary water supply and storage equipment total chlorine protection method based on water age control in the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the liquid level change of the secondary water supply and storage equipment under the control of the liquid level valve;
  • Fig. 3 is the total chlorine decay situation figure under different temperatures in the specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the hypothetical diagram of the water replenishment interval equalization of liquid level control replenishment in the model derivation process in the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a comparison chart of the measured value and the model calculated value of total chlorine concentration at the outlet of A pool in a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a system structure diagram of a total chlorine protection system for secondary water supply and storage equipment based on water age control in the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a method for ensuring total chlorine of secondary water supply and storage equipment based on water age control in the present invention.
  • a method for ensuring the total chlorine of secondary water supply and storage equipment based on water age control in the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • Step S1 select a number of reference secondary water supply and storage equipment in the water supply area where the total chlorine of the secondary water supply and storage equipment is to be predicted, obtain the total chlorine monitoring data of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at different temperatures, and analyze The change law of total chlorine in secondary water supply and storage equipment is obtained, and the total chlorine decay index of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at different temperatures is obtained.
  • the secondary water supply storage equipment is a secondary water supply pool (box), and several secondary water supply pools (boxes) with the worst performance are selected as reference secondary water supply storage equipment, and the performance is the worst
  • the secondary water supply pool (tank) can be a secondary water supply pool (tank) that has been used for more than the specified number of years, or it can have more complaints, or the internal situation is severely corroded.
  • C t represents the value of chlorine in the water supply network at time t in mg/L
  • C represents the initial chlorine value in the water supply network in mg/L
  • k represents the decay index of total chlorine.
  • select area area here generally refers to the area that selects influent chlorine concentration to be similar as the current water supply area, such as can be counted as an area within 3 kilometers from the water plant, and 3-6 kilometers is another area, so Secondary water supply pools (boxes) with poor conditions in 3-5 communities within the division) (such as water storage equipment with poor materials such as concrete structures, older ages, and red worms complained by residents) are used as reference secondary Water supply pools (boxes), by installing liquid level control valves in each reference secondary water supply pool (box), and installing water quality monitoring equipment (such as online water quality monitors) on the water inlet and outlet pipes of the water pool (box), and then by installing The water quality monitoring equipment in each reference secondary water supply pool (box) monitors and obtains the total chlorine monitoring data C t at multiple times at different temperatures. The monitoring data obtained the total chlorine decay index of each reference secondary water supply pool (box) at different temperatures, as shown in Figure 3.
  • Step S2 Determine the general total chlorine decay index of each secondary water supply storage device in the current water supply area according to the obtained total chlorine decay index of each reference secondary water supply storage device at different temperatures.
  • the maximum value of the total chlorine attenuation index is selected as the total chlorine attenuation index value of each secondary water supply pool (box) in the current water supply area.
  • Universal total chlorine decay index that is, to obtain the fastest total chlorine decay coefficient at high temperature as the general total chlorine decay index of each secondary water supply pool (tank).
  • Step S3 obtain the liquid level change data of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to be tested, and use the predetermined total chlorine prediction model to obtain the corresponding Export total chlorine, and compare the outlet total chlorine obtained according to the total chlorine prediction model with the measured outlet total chlorine to determine the applicability of the total chlorine prediction model.
  • the derivation process of the total chlorine prediction model is as follows: Assume that the replenishment period is T, and T is a constant. The product of the difference between the replenishment liquid level with the valve closed and the replenishment liquid level with the valve open and the bottom area is the replenishment water volume.
  • the first water supply cycle :
  • the liquid level drops to the water supply level of the valve opening, which is at a low water level.
  • the total chlorine concentration of the pool (tank) is:
  • the total chlorine concentration in the pool (tank) can be expressed as:
  • n is greater than or equal to 2.
  • the replenishment period T is:
  • C is the total chlorine concentration in the secondary water supply tank (pool), in mg/L
  • C' is the average total chlorine concentration in the outlet of the secondary water supply tank (pool), in mg/L, when used for water age
  • C' is the target control value of the total chlorine at the outlet
  • a is the ratio of the difference between the closed valve replenishment liquid level and the open valve replenishment liquid level of the secondary water supply tank (pool) to the closed valve stop replenishment liquid level, which is The ratio of replenishment water X to the effective volume v
  • k is the decay rate of total chlorine
  • q is the average hourly water consumption of residents corresponding to the outlet of the water tank (pool), in m 3 /h
  • V is the effective volume of the secondary water supply pool (tank) , the unit is m 3
  • V/q represents the average water age.
  • the predicted value obtained (that is, the average total chlorine concentration C' at the outlet of the secondary water supply tank (pool) obtained by the total chlorine prediction model) is compared with the measured value to judge the accuracy, and the application of the total chlorine prediction model is determined according to the accuracy. performance, that is, if the accuracy meets the requirements, it can be judged that the total chlorine prediction model meets the applicability.
  • Step S4 according to the target control value of the total chlorine at the outlet and the total chlorine prediction model, the average water age is obtained as the control requirement for the secondary water supply and storage equipment in this area. That is to say, when the judgment result is that the total chlorine prediction model meets the applicability, then the outlet total chlorine target control value is used as the average total chlorine concentration C' at the outlet of the secondary water supply tank (pool), and according to the total chlorine prediction The model obtains the average water age V/q, so as to adjust the effective volume of the secondary water supply and storage equipment in this area according to the result.
  • Fig. 6 is a system structure diagram of a total chlorine protection system for secondary water supply and storage equipment based on water age control in the present invention.
  • a total chlorine protection system for secondary water supply and storage equipment based on water age control in the present invention includes:
  • the reference equipment total chlorine analysis module 501 is used to select a number of reference secondary water supply and storage equipment in the water supply area where the total chlorine of the secondary water supply and storage equipment is to be predicted, and obtain the temperature of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at different temperatures.
  • Total chlorine monitoring data by analyzing the change law of total chlorine in secondary water supply and storage equipment, the total chlorine attenuation index of each reference secondary water supply and storage equipment at different temperatures is obtained.
  • the secondary water supply storage equipment is a secondary water supply pool (box), and several secondary water supply pools (boxes) with poor performance are selected as reference secondary water supply storage equipment, and the poor performance
  • the secondary water supply pool (tank) can be a secondary water supply pool (tank) that has been used for more than the specified number of years.
  • C t represents the value of chlorine in the water supply network at time t in mg/L
  • C represents the initial chlorine value in the water supply network in mg/L
  • k represents the decay index of total chlorine.
  • the poor secondary water supply ponds (boxes) of 3-5 sub-districts in the selection area are used as reference secondary water supply ponds (boxes), and are passed in each reference secondary water supply ponds (boxes)
  • Install water quality monitoring equipment such as online water quality monitors
  • Reference equipment total chlorine analysis module 501 reference equipment total chlorine analysis module 501 obtains a plurality of total chlorine monitoring data of each reference secondary water supply pool (box) at each temperature and obtains each reference secondary water supply pool (box) at different temperatures
  • the total chlorine decay index is used as reference secondary water supply ponds (boxes), and are passed in each reference secondary water supply ponds (boxes)
  • Install water quality monitoring equipment such as online water quality monitors
  • Reference equipment total chlorine analysis module 501 obtains a plurality of total chlorine monitoring data of each reference secondary water supply pool (box) at each temperature and obtains each reference secondary water supply pool (box) at different temperatures
  • the total chlorine decay index is used as reference secondary water supply ponds (boxes), and
  • the general total chlorine decay index determination module 502 is used to determine the general total chlorine decay index of each secondary water supply storage device in the current water supply area according to the obtained total chlorine decay index of each reference secondary water supply storage device at different temperatures.
  • the general total chlorine decay index determination module 502 selects the maximum value of the total chlorine decay index as the current water supply area.
  • the general total chlorine attenuation index of the secondary water supply pool (tank) that is, the fastest total chlorine attenuation coefficient at high temperature is obtained as the general total chlorine attenuation index of each secondary water supply pool (tank). .
  • the total chlorine prediction module 503 is used to obtain the liquid level change data of the secondary water supply and storage equipment to be tested, and use the predetermined total chlorine
  • the corresponding outlet total chlorine is obtained by the prediction model, and the obtained predicted value is compared with the measured value, so as to determine the applicability of the total chlorine prediction model.
  • the replenishment cycle is T, and T is a constant.
  • the amount of replenishment water is X
  • the amount of stored water is Y
  • the first water supply cycle :
  • the liquid level drops to the water supply level of the valve opening, which is at a low water level.
  • the total chlorine concentration of the pool (tank) is:
  • the total chlorine concentration in the pool (tank) can be expressed as:
  • n is greater than or equal to 2.
  • the replenishment period T is:
  • C is the total chlorine concentration in the secondary water supply tank (pool), in mg/L
  • C' is the average total chlorine concentration in the outlet of the secondary water supply tank (pool), in mg/L, when used for water age
  • C' is the target control value of the total chlorine at the outlet
  • a is the ratio of the difference between the closed valve replenishment liquid level and the open valve replenishment liquid level of the secondary water supply tank (pool) to the closed valve stop replenishment liquid level, which is The ratio of replenishment water X to the effective volume v
  • k is the decay rate of total chlorine
  • q is the average hourly water consumption of residents corresponding to the outlet of the water tank (pool), in m 3 /h
  • V is the effective volume of the secondary water supply pool (tank) , the unit is m 3
  • V/q represents the average water age.
  • the predicted value obtained (that is, the average total chlorine concentration C' at the outlet of the secondary water supply tank (pool) obtained by the total chlorine prediction model) is compared with the measured value to judge the accuracy, and the application of the total chlorine prediction model is determined according to the accuracy. performance, that is, if the accuracy meets the requirements, it can be judged that the total chlorine prediction model meets the applicability.
  • the total chlorine guarantee module 504 is used to obtain the average water age as the secondary water supply and storage equipment in this area according to the target control value of total chlorine at the outlet and the total chlorine prediction model after judging that the total chlorine prediction model meets the applicability control requirements, so as to obtain the regulatory basis for the current region.
  • the total chlorine guarantee module 504 uses the outlet total chlorine target control value as the average total chlorine concentration C' at the outlet of the secondary water supply tank (pool), according to The total chlorine prediction model obtains the average water age V/q, so as to adjust the effective volume of the secondary water supply and water storage equipment in this area according to the result.

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Abstract

一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法及系统，该方法包括：步骤S1，对要进行二次供水储水设备总氯预测的供水区域选取若干个参考二次供水储水设备，得到各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下总氯衰减指数；步骤S2，确定当前供水区域各二次供水储水设备的通用总氯衰减指数；步骤S3，获取待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据，根据待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据以及通用总氯衰减指数，利用预先确定的总氯预测模型得到相应的出口总氯，并将预测值和实测值进行对比，以确定模型的适用性；步骤S4，根据出口总氯目标控制值以及总氯预测模型，得到平均水龄作为该区域二次供水储水设备的控制要求。

Description

一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及城市供水管网系统二次供水技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法及系统。
背景技术
二次供水作为城市居民供水的重要环节，其设计的合理性及后期的运维管理对龙头水质有着重要的影响。而二次供水储水设备，例如二次供水水池(箱)又是二次供水过程中的重要设施之一，主要负责存储饮用水从而调节市政供水与用户用水需求的矛盾，以保证用户用水需求安全。但是，由于二次供水水池(箱)造成的水质问题也时常发生。
二次供水水池(箱)带来的水质问题主要包括水池(箱)自身材质锈蚀的金属氧化物和有害金属离子、化学元素对水质的污染，以及停留时间过长引起的青苔、红虫滋生及细菌繁殖问题。总氯能够抑制水池(箱)中细菌滋生，是表征二次供水水质安全的重要指标。目前，关于总氯在供水管网中的衰减规律研究较多，但二次供水水池(箱)总氯与水龄的变化规律研究较少。
因此急需一种高效准确的二次供水水池(箱)总氯的预测方法，对切实解决好城镇供水“最后一公里”的水质安全具有重要的现实意义。
发明内容
为克服上述现有技术存在的不足，本发明之目的在于提供一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法及系统，以实现准确、高效地保障二次供水水池(箱)中的总氯达到要求的目的。
为达上述目的，本发明提出一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S1，对要进行二次供水储水设备总氯预测的供水区域选取若干个参考二次供水储水设备，获取各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯监测数据，通过分析二次供水储水设备总氯变化规律，得到各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下总氯衰减指数；
步骤S2，根据获得各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数确定当前供水区域各二次供水储水设备的通用总氯衰减指数；
步骤S3，获取待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据，根据待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据以及通用总氯衰减指数，利用预先确定的总氯预测模型得到相应的出口总氯，并将根据所述总氯预测模型得到的出口总氯和实测出口总氯进行对比，确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性；
步骤S4，根据出口总氯目标控制值以及总氯预测模型，得到平均水龄作为该区域二次供水储水设备的控制要求。
优选地，于步骤S1中，在当前供水区域选择若干条件最差的二次供水水池或水箱作为参考二次供水储水设备，在各参考二次供水储水设备中安装水质监测设备，然后通过安装在各参考二次供水储水设备中的水质监测设备监测得到不同温度下多个时刻的总氯监测数据C t，采用各参考二次供水储水设备在各温度下的多个总氯监测数据得到各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数。
优选地，于步骤S2中，对于获得的各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度 下的总氯衰减指数，选择总氯衰减指数最大值作为当前供水区域各二次供水储水设备的通用总氯衰减指数。
优选地，所述总氯预测模型为：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000001
其中，C为二次供水水箱(池)进水平均总氯浓度，C'为二次供水水箱(池)出口平均总氯浓度，当用于水龄控制时，C'为出口总氯目标控制值，a为二次供水储水设备的关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差值占关阀停补液位液位的比，即为补水水量X占有效容积V的比值，k为通用总氯衰减指数；q为二次供水储水设备出口对应的居民平均时用水量，V为待二次供水储水设备的有效容积。
优选地，于步骤S3中，监测待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据，获得该待测二次供水储水设备的有效容积、待测二次供水储水设备的关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差值占关阀停补液位液位的比，监测获得二次供水储水设备出口对应的居民平均时用水量q，并结合步骤S2得到的通用总氯衰减指数k及该待测二次供水储水设备进水总氯浓度，利用所述总氯预测模型得到该待测二次供水储水设备的出口总氯浓度C'，并将计算值与监测值进行对比，以确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性。
优选地，于步骤S4中，当判断结果为所述总氯预测模型满足适用性，则将出口总氯目标控制值作为所述二次供水储水设备出口平均总氯浓度C'，根据所述总氯预测模型得到平均水龄，从而根据结果调整该区域的二次供水储水设备的有效容积。
为达到上述目的，本发明还提供一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障系统，包括：
参考设备总氯分析模块，用于进行二次供水储水设备总氯预测的供水区域选取若干个参考二次供水储水设备，获取各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯监测数据，通过分析二次供水储水设备总氯变化规律，得到各参考二 次供水储水设备在不同温度下总氯衰减指数；
通用总氯衰减指数确定模块，用于根据获得各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数确定当前供水区域各二次供水储水设备的通用总氯衰减指数；
总氯预测模块，用于获取待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据，根据待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据以及通用总氯衰减指数，利用预先确定的总氯预测模型得到相应的出口总氯，并将得到的预测值与实测值进行对比，从而确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性。
总氯保障模块，用于在判断得到所述总氯预测模型满足适用性后，根据出口总氯目标控制值以及所述总氯预测模型，得到平均水龄作为当前待测二次供水储水设备的控制要求，从而得到当前区域的调控依据。
优选地，所述总氯预测模块将得到的预测值与实测值进行对比判断精度，根据精度确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性，所述总氯保障模块在判断得到所述总氯预测模型满足适用性后，将出口总氯目标控制值代入所述总氯预测模型，得到平均水龄作为区域控制目标，依此来调整当前区域的二次供水储水设备的有效容积V。
优选地，所述参考设备总氯分析模块在当前供水区域选择若干条件最差的二次供水水池或水箱作为参考二次供水储水设备，在各参考二次供水储水设备中安装水质监测设备，然后通过安装在各参考二次供水储水设备中的水质监测设备监测得到不同温度下多个时刻的总氯监测数据C t，采用各参考二次供水储水设备在各温度下的多个总氯监测数据得到各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数。
优选地，所述总氯预测模型为：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000002
其中，C为二次供水水箱(池)进水平均总氯浓度，C'为二次供水水箱(池) 出口平均总氯浓度，当用于水龄控制时，C'为出口总氯目标控制值，a为二次供水储水设备的关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差值占关阀停补液位液位的比，即为补水水量X占有效容积V的比值，k为通用总氯衰减指数；q为二次供水储水设备出口对应的居民平均时用水量，V为待二次供水储水设备的有效容积。
与现有技术相比，本发明一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法及系统，通过将待预测二次供水水池(箱)的液位变化数据和总氯衰减指数利用预先建立的总氯预测模型，能够确定二次供水水池(箱)出口总氯和水龄之间的关系，可为保障用户用水安全的前提下调整水池(箱)运行水位、缩短水池(箱)水龄提供理论支撑，且预测误差小，准确性高。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法的步骤流程图；
图2为液位阀控制下的二次供水储水设备液位变化原理图；
图3为本发明具体实施例中不同温度下的总氯衰减情况图；
图4为本发明中模型推导过程中液位控制补水的补水间隔均化假设图；
图5为本发明具体实施例中A水池出口总氯浓度实测值和模型计算值对比图；
图6为本发明一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障系统的系统结构图。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例并结合附图说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭示的内容轻易地了解本发明的其它优点与功效。本发明亦可通过其它不同的具体实例加以施行或应用，本说明书中的各项细节亦可基于不同观点与应用，在不背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰与变更。
图1为本发明一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法的步骤流程图。如图3所示，本发明一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S1，在欲进行二次供水储水设备总氯预测的供水区域选取若干个参考二次供水储水设备，获取各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯监测数据，通过分析二次供水储水设备总氯变化规律，得到各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下总氯衰减指数。
在本发明具体实施例中，二次供水储水设备为二次供水水池(箱)，选取若干性能最差的二次供水水池(箱)作为参考二次供水储水设备，所述性能最差的二次供水水池(箱)可以是使用时间超过规定年限的二次供水水池(箱)也可以是投诉较多，或者内部情况腐蚀较厉害的，通过统计分析二次供水水池(箱)总氯变化规律，总氯在供水管网中的衰减规律呈现指数变化：
C t＝Ce -kt
其中，C t表示供水管网中氯在t时刻的值，单位是mg/L，C表示供水管网中初始氯值，单位是mg/L；k表示总氯衰减指数。
在本发明具体实施例中，挑选区域(这里区域一般指选择进水氯浓度差不多的区域作为当前供水区域，比如离水厂3公里内可以算一个区域，3-6公里又是一个区域，如此划分)内3-5个小区的条件差的二次供水水池(箱)(比如材质较差如混凝土结构、年代较久、居民投诉的红虫等问题较多的储水设备)作为参考二次供水水池(箱)，通过在各参考二次供水水池(箱)安装液位控制阀、并在水池(箱)的进水管和出水管安装水质监测设备(例如在线水质监测仪)，然后通过安装在各参考二次供水水池(箱)中的水质监测设备监测得到不同温度下多个时刻的总氯监测数据C t，采用各参考二次供水水池(箱)在各温度下的多个总氯监测数据得到各参考二次供水水池(箱)在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数，如图3所示。
步骤S2，根据获得各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数确定当前供水区域各二次供水储水设备的通用总氯衰减指数。
在本发明具体实施例中，对于获得的各参考二次供水水池(箱)在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数，选择总氯衰减指数最大值作为当前供水区域各二次供水水池(箱)的通用总氯衰减指数，即获取高温时候最快的总氯衰减系数作为各二次供水水池(箱)的通用总氯衰减指数。
步骤S3，获取待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据，根据待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据以及通用总氯衰减指数，利用预先确定的总氯预测模型得到相应的出口总氯，并将根据所述总氯预测模型得到的出口总氯和实测出口总氯进行对比，确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性。
在本发明具体实施例中，所述总氯预测模型推导过程如下：假设补水周期为T，T为常数。关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差与底面积的乘积为补水水量设为X，开阀补水液位与底面积的乘积为存水水量设为Y，关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差值占关阀停补液位液位的(补水水量X占有效容积V)比为a，a＝X/(X+Y)；开阀补水液位占关阀停补液位液位的(存水水量Y占有效容积V)比为b，b＝Y/(X+Y)。
第1个供水周期：
假设当二次供水水池(箱)投入运行后初次位于关阀停补液位时，水池(箱)处于高水位，此时总氯浓度为C。
经过T时刻后，液位下降至开阀补水液位，处于低水位，此时水池(箱)总氯浓度为：
Ce -kT
第2个供水周期：
假设补水的总氯浓度与初始总氯浓度一致，均为C，第一个供水周期结束，开始补水至关阀停补液位，水池(箱)处于高液位，此时总氯浓度为：
aC+bCe -kT
再经历T时刻，液位下降至开阀补水液位时，水池(箱)处于低液位，总氯浓度降低为：
(aC+bCe -kT)e -kT＝aCe -kT+bCe -2kT
第n个供水周期：
以此类推，第n次关阀停补液位，水池(箱)处于高液位，此时水池(箱)内总氯浓度可表示为：
aC(1+be -kT+b 2e -2kT+...+b n-2e -(n-2)kT)+b n-1Ce -(n-1)kT
其中，n大于等于2。
再经历T时刻，液位下降至开阀补水液位时，水池(箱)处于低液位，总氯浓度降低为：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000003
当n趋近于无穷时，(be -kT) n-2和b n-1Ce -nkT均趋近于0，此时水池(箱)中总氯浓度为：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000004
此时为该水池的最低总氯值，如果控制最低总氯值都符合目标值时C'则符合要求。
假定二次供水水池(箱)初次满水以及进水总氯浓度C为已知量，实际可以取这个区域的管网末梢平均值作为参数代入，则总氯预测模型为：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000005
变式得：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000006
假设居民在一段时间内用水量均匀时，可设定水箱(池)出口对应的平均时用水量为q，水池(箱)有效容积为V，则补水周期T为：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000007
代入上式，得到水龄控制要求：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000008
其中，C为二次供水水箱(池)进水总氯浓度，单位为mg/L；C'为二次供水水箱(池)出口平均总氯浓度，单位为mg/L，当用于水龄控制时，C'为出口总氯目标控制值；a为二次供水水箱(池)的关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差值占关阀停补液位液位的比，即为补水水量X占有效容积v的比值；k为总氯衰减速率；q为水箱(池)出口对应的居民平均时用水量，单位为m 3/h；V为二次供水水池(箱)有效容积，单位为m 3，V/q则表示平均水龄。
具体地，在本步骤中，获取待测二次供水水池(箱)的液位变化数据，例如液位下降至开阀补水液位时，该待测二次供水水池(箱)处于低液位，即存水水量Y，当补水至关阀停补液位，该待测二次供水水池(箱)处于高液位，得到此时二次供水水池(箱)有效容积V，此时补水水量为X，则二次供水水箱(池)补水水量占比a，a＝X/(X+Y)，通过监测获得水箱(池)出口对应的居民平均时用水量q，最后根据得到的二次供水水池(箱)有效容积V、二次供水水箱(池)补水水量占比a、水箱(池)出口对应的居民平均时用水量q以及通用总氯衰减指数k，并结合该待测二次供水水池(箱)进水总氯浓度，利用上述总氯预测模型得到二次供水水箱(池)出口平均总氯浓度C'。
最后，将得到的预测值(即通过总氯预测模得到的二次供水水箱(池)出口平均总氯浓度C')与实测值进行对比判断精度，根据精度确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性，即如果精度符合要求，则可判断所述总氯预测模型满足适用性。
经实验证明，如图5所示，利用水质监测设备得到的出口总氯浓度值与本发明通过该总氯预测模型得到的出口总氯浓度值吻合度极高，满足适用性。
步骤S4，根据出口总氯目标控制值以及总氯预测模型，得到平均水龄作为 该区域二次供水储水设备的控制要求。也就是说，当判断结果为所述总氯预测模型满足适用性，则将出口总氯目标控制值作为所述二次供水水箱(池)出口平均总氯浓度C'，根据所述总氯预测模型得到平均水龄V/q，从而根据结果调整该区域二次供水储水设备的有效容积。
图6为本发明一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障系统的系统结构图。如图6所示，本发明一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障系统，包括：
参考设备总氯分析模块501，用于在欲进行二次供水储水设备总氯预测的供水区域选取若干个参考二次供水储水设备，获取各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯监测数据，通过分析二次供水储水设备总氯变化规律，得到各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下总氯衰减指数。
在本发明具体实施例中，二次供水储水设备为二次供水水池(箱)，选取若干性能差的二次供水水池(箱)作为参考二次供水储水设备，所述性能较差的二次供水水池(箱)可以是使用时间超过规定年限的二次供水水池(箱)，通过统计分析二次供水水池(箱)总氯变化规律，总氯在供水管网中的衰减规律呈现指数变化：
C t＝Ce -kt
其中，C t表示供水管网中氯在t时刻的值，单位是mg/L，C表示供水管网中初始氯值，单位是mg/L；k表示总氯衰减指数。
在本发明具体实施例中，挑选区域内3-5个小区的条件较差的二次供水水池(箱)作为参考二次供水水池(箱)，通过在各参考二次供水水池(箱)中安装水质监测设备(例如在线水质监测仪)，然后通过安装在各参考二次供水水池(箱)中的水质监测设备监测得到不同温度下多个时刻的总氯监测数据C t，将其传递给参考设备总氯分析模块501，参考设备总氯分析模块501获取各参考二次供水水池(箱)在各温度下的多个总氯监测数据得到各参考二次供水水池 (箱)在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数。
通用总氯衰减指数确定模块502，用于根据获得各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数确定当前供水区域各二次供水储水设备的通用总氯衰减指数。
在本发明具体实施例中，对于获得的各参考二次供水水池(箱)在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数，通用总氯衰减指数确定模块502选择总氯衰减指数最大值作为当前供水区域各二次供水水池(箱)的通用总氯衰减指数，即获取高温时候最快的总氯衰减系数作为各二次供水水池(箱)的通用总氯衰减指数。。
总氯预测模块503，用于获取待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据，根据待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据以及通用总氯衰减指数，利用预先确定的总氯预测模型得到相应的出口总氯，并将得到的预测值与实测值进行对比，从而确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性。
在本发明具体实施例中，需要先确定总氯预测模型，所述总氯预测模型的推导过程如下：
统计分析二次供水水池(箱)液位变化规律，得到水池(箱)补水水量、关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差值占关阀停补液位液位的(补水水量X占有效容积V)比，以及补水周期。
分析二次供水水池(箱)液位变化规律，假设补水周期为T，T为常数。补水水量为X，存水水量为Y，补水水量占总水量为a，a＝X/(X+Y)；存水水量占总水量为b，b＝Y/(X+Y)。
第1个供水周期：
假设当二次供水水池(箱)投入运行后初次位于关阀停补液位时，水池(箱)处于高水位，此时总氯浓度为C。
经过T时刻后，液位下降至开阀补水液位，处于低水位，此时水池(箱)总氯浓度为：
Ce -kT
第2个供水周期：
假设补水的总氯浓度与初始总氯浓度一致，均为C，第一个供水周期结束，开始补水至关阀停补液位，水池(箱)处于高液位，此时总氯浓度为：
aC+bCe -kT
再经历T时刻，液位下降至开阀补水液位时，水池(箱)处于低液位，总氯浓度降低为：
(aC+bCe -kT)e -kT＝aCe -kT+bCe -2kT
第n个供水周期：
以此类推，第n次关阀停补液位，水池(箱)处于高液位，此时水池(箱)内总氯浓度可表示为：
aC(1+be -kT+b 2e -2kT+...+b n-2e -(n-2)kT)+b n-1Ce -(n-1)kT
其中，n大于等于2。
再经历T时刻，液位下降至开阀补水液位时，水池(箱)处于低液位，总氯浓度降低为：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000009
当n趋近于无穷时，(be -kT) n-2和b n-1Ce -nkT均趋近于0，此时水池(箱)中总氯浓度为：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000010
此时为该水池的最低总氯值，如果控制最低总氯值都符合目标值时C'则符合要求。
假定二次供水水池(箱)初次满水以及进水总氯浓度C为已知量，实际可以取这个区域的管网末梢平均值作为参数代入，则总氯预测模型为：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000011
变式得：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000012
假设居民在一段时间内用水量均匀时，可设定水箱(池)出口对应的平均时用水量为q，水池(箱)有效容积为V，则补水周期T为：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000013
代入上式，得到水龄控制要求：
Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-000014
其中，C为二次供水水箱(池)进水总氯浓度，单位为mg/L；C'为二次供水水箱(池)出口平均总氯浓度，单位为mg/L，当用于水龄控制时，C'为出口总氯目标控制值；a为二次供水水箱(池)的关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差值占关阀停补液位液位的比，即为补水水量X占有效容积v的比值；k为总氯衰减速率；q为水箱(池)出口对应的居民平均时用水量，单位为m 3/h；V为二次供水水池(箱)有效容积，单位为m 3，V/q则表示平均水龄。
具体地，总氯预测模块503获取待测二次供水水池(箱)的液位变化数据，例如液位下降至开阀补水液位时，该待测二次供水水池(箱)处于低液位，即存水水量Y，当补水至关阀停补液位，该待测二次供水水池(箱)处于高液位，得到此时二次供水水池(箱)有效容积V，此时补水水量为X，则二次供水水箱(池)补水水量占比a，a＝X/(X+Y)，通过监测获得水箱(池)出口对应的居民平均时用水量q，最后根据得到的二次供水水池(箱)有效容积V、二次供水水箱(池)补水水量占比a、水箱(池)出口对应的居民平均时用水量q以及通用总氯衰减指数k，并结合该待测二次供水水池(箱)进水总氯浓度，利用上述总氯预测模型得到二次供水水箱(池)出口平均总氯浓度C'。
最后，将得到的预测值(即通过总氯预测模得到的二次供水水箱(池)出 口平均总氯浓度C')与实测值进行对比判断精度，根据精度确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性，即如果精度符合要求，则可判断所述总氯预测模型满足适用性。
经实验证明，如图5所示，利用水质监测设备得到的出口总氯浓度值与本发明通过该总氯预测模型得到的出口总氯浓度值吻合度极高，满足适用性。
总氯保障模块504，用于在判断得到所述总氯预测模型满足适用性后，根据出口总氯目标控制值以及所述总氯预测模型，得到平均水龄作为该区域二次供水储水设备的控制要求，从而得到当前区域的调控依据。
具体地说，当判断结果为所述总氯预测模型满足适用性，则总氯保障模块504将出口总氯目标控制值作为所述二次供水水箱(池)出口平均总氯浓度C′，根据所述总氯预测模型得到平均水龄V/q，从而根据结果调整该区域二次供水储水设备的有效容积。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何本领域技术人员均可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰与改变。因此，本发明的权利保护范围，应如权利要求书所列。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法，包括如下步骤：
    步骤S1，对欲进行二次供水储水设备总氯预测的供水区域选取若干个参考二次供水储水设备，获取各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯监测数据，通过分析二次供水储水设备总氯变化规律，得到各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下总氯衰减指数；
    步骤S2，根据获得的各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数确定当前供水区域各二次供水储水设备的通用总氯衰减指数；
    步骤S3，获取待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据，根据待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据以及通用总氯衰减指数，利用预先确定的总氯预测模型得到相应的出口总氯，并将根据所述总氯预测模型得到的出口总氯和实测出口总氯进行对比，确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性；
    步骤S4，根据出口总氯目标控制值以及总氯预测模型，得到平均水龄作为该区域二次供水储水设备的控制要求。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法，其特征在于：于步骤S1中，在当前供水区域选择若干条件最差的二次供水水池或水箱作为参考二次供水储水设备，在各参考二次供水储水设备中安装水质监测设备，然后通过安装在各参考二次供水储水设备中的水质监测设备监测得到不同温度下多个时刻的总氯监测数据C t，采用各参考二次供水储水设备在各温度下的多个总氯监测数据得到各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法，其特征在于：于步骤S2中，对于获得的各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数，选择总氯衰减指数最大值作为当前供水区域各二次供水储水设备的通用总氯衰减指数。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法，其特征在于，所述总氯预测模型为：
    Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-100001
    其中，C为二次供水水箱(池)进水平均总氯浓度，C'为二次供水水箱(池)出口平均总氯浓度，当用于水龄控制时，C'为出口总氯目标控制值，a为二次供水储水设备的关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差值占关阀停补液位液位的比，即为补水水量X占有效容积V的比值，k为通用总氯衰减指数；q为二次供水储水设备出口对应的居民平均时用水量，V为待二次供水储水设备的有效容积。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法，其特征在于，于步骤S3中，监测待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据，获得该待测二次供水储水设备的有效容积、待测二次供水储水设备的关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差值占关阀停补液位液位的比，监测获得二次供水储水设备出口对应的居民平均时用水量q，并结合步骤S2得到的通用总氯衰减指数k及该待测二次供水储水设备进水总氯浓度，利用所述总氯预测模型得到该待测二次供水储水设备的出口平均总氯浓度C'，并将计算值与监测值进行对比，以确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障方法，其特征在于，于步骤S4中，当判断结果为所述总氯预测模型满足适用性，则将出口总氯目标控制值作为所述二次供水储水设备出口平均总氯浓度C'，根据所述总氯预测模型得到平均水龄，从而根据结果调整该区域的二次供水储水设备的有效容积。
  7. 一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障系统，包括：
    参考设备总氯分析模块，用于进行二次供水储水设备总氯预测的供水区域选取若干个参考二次供水储水设备，获取各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯监测数据，通过分析二次供水储水设备总氯变化规律，得到各参考二 次供水储水设备在不同温度下总氯衰减指数；
    通用总氯衰减指数确定模块，用于根据获得各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数确定当前供水区域各二次供水储水设备的通用总氯衰减指数；
    总氯预测模块，用于获取待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据，根据待测二次供水储水设备的液位变化数据以及通用总氯衰减指数，利用预先确定的总氯预测模型得到相应的出口总氯，并将得到的预测值与实测值进行对比，从而确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性。
    总氯保障模块，用于在判断得到所述总氯预测模型满足适用性后，根据出口总氯目标控制值以及所述总氯预测模型，得到平均水龄作为当前待测二次供水储水设备的控制要求，从而得到当前区域的调控依据。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障系统，其特征在于：所述总氯预测模块将得到的预测值与实测值进行对比判断精度，根据精度确定所述总氯预测模型的适用性，所述总氯保障模块在判断得到所述总氯预测模型满足适用性后，将出口总氯目标控制值代入所述总氯预测模型，得到平均水龄作为区域控制目标，依此来调整当前区域的二次供水储水设备的有效容积V。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障系统，其特征在于：所述参考设备总氯分析模块在当前供水区域选择若干条件最差的二次供水水池或水箱作为参考二次供水储水设备，在各参考二次供水储水设备中安装水质监测设备，然后通过安装在各参考二次供水储水设备中的水质监测设备监测得到不同温度下多个时刻的总氯监测数据C t，采用各参考二次供水储水设备在各温度下的多个总氯监测数据得到各参考二次供水储水设备在不同温度下的总氯衰减指数。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的一种基于水龄控制的二次供水储水设备总氯保障 系统，其特征在于，所述总氯预测模型为：
    Figure PCTCN2021126651-appb-100002
    其中，C为二次供水水箱(池)进水平均总氯浓度，C'为二次供水水箱(池)出口平均总氯浓度，当用于水龄控制时，C'为出口总氯目标控制值，a为二次供水储水设备的关阀停补液位与开阀补水液位的差值占关阀停补液位液位的比，即为补水水量X占有效容积V的比值，k为通用总氯衰减指数；q为二次供水储水设备出口对应的居民平均时用水量，V为待二次供水储水设备的有效容积。
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