WO2023035423A1 - 一种医疗垃圾桶 - Google Patents

一种医疗垃圾桶 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023035423A1
WO2023035423A1 PCT/CN2021/134105 CN2021134105W WO2023035423A1 WO 2023035423 A1 WO2023035423 A1 WO 2023035423A1 CN 2021134105 W CN2021134105 W CN 2021134105W WO 2023035423 A1 WO2023035423 A1 WO 2023035423A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sealing
slider
buckle
barrel
rope
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/134105
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戴容娟
胡敏杰
彭忠田
严偲
Original Assignee
南华大学附属第一医院
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Filing date
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Application filed by 南华大学附属第一医院 filed Critical 南华大学附属第一医院
Publication of WO2023035423A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023035423A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/04—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor with removable inserts
    • B65F1/06—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor with removable inserts with flexible inserts, e.g. bags or sacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/04—Applying separate sealing or securing members, e.g. clips
    • B65B51/08—Applying binding material, e.g. to twisted bag necks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F7/00—Cleaning or disinfecting devices combined with refuse receptacles or refuse vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/144—Level detecting means
    • B65F2210/1443—Electrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/167—Sealing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/168—Sensing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/182—Volume determining means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/10—Waste collection, transportation, transfer or storage, e.g. segregated refuse collecting, electric or hybrid propulsion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical supplies, in particular to a medical trash can.
  • the mobile vaccination vehicle As a new type of vaccination unit, the mobile vaccination vehicle has the characteristics of strong mobility and high efficiency. Its most obvious advantage is that it can go deep into schools, communities, enterprises and institutions to provide fast, safe and efficient vaccination services for people in need. Due to the limited space of the vaccination vehicle and the relatively large number of people vaccinated, the resulting volume of medical waste is huge.
  • the staffing on the vaccination vehicle is generally only medical staff, and there are no special garbage collectors.
  • the workload of medical staff is relatively large during vaccination, and they cannot be dedicated to collect medical garbage.
  • medical garbage contains a lot of bacteria. and viruses, which have the characteristics of high pollution, high risk, and high infectivity. If medical staff collect and dispose of garbage during the vaccination process, it is very easy to cause cross-infection, which will cause adverse effects on both the vaccinators and medical staff. Influence.
  • the Chinese patent application publication number CN 111361891 A discloses a household intelligent garbage can garbage bag sealing device.
  • the shrinking rope is fixed between the sleeves. When the rotating bearing rotates, the shrinking rope is tightened and gathered to the center. When the rotating bearing is reset, the shrinking rope spreads out, and the outside of the shrinking rope wraps the heating device.
  • the heating device is connected to the power system, that is to say , this solution tightens the garbage bag by shrinking the rope and then uses the heating device to seal it.
  • the heating and sealing method is relatively slow. For The energy demand is also high, and it is easy to cause damage to the garbage bag after being severely heated, which leads to the risk of leakage of medical waste.
  • the Chinese patent application publication number CN 104192456 A discloses an automatic sealing trash can, which is provided with a necking mechanism, and the necking mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged second arcuate rods and two symmetrically arranged first arcuate rods , first use the first arc-shaped rod and the second arc-shaped rod to close the mouth of the garbage bag, and then use the first adhesive tape and the second adhesive tape on the first arc-shaped rod to pull and seal the mouth of the garbage bag, that is to say , the solution is to use adhesive tape to seal the seal.
  • the tape is very easy to stick to other items and affect the sticking effect, or, after the trash bag is placed, the tape may stick to the trash bag and cause Therefore, there are many uncertainties in the way of sticking the tape, which may lead to poor or no sealing, and finally cause the risk of leakage.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of medical waste bin, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, a sealing device is arranged on the inner bucket, and the sealing device uses a sealing rope to tighten the garbage bag and initially seal it, and then uses the buckle to seal it. The rope is clamped tightly to realize the effective sealing of the garbage bag.
  • the sealing method is strong and reliable, saves energy, and can effectively avoid the risk of leakage of medical waste.
  • the present invention provides the following scheme:
  • the present invention provides a medical waste bin, which includes an inner barrel and a sealing device arranged on the inner barrel, the sealing device includes a sealing rope, a buckle and a slider, and the two ends of the sealing rope pass through the buckle oppositely and respectively connected to the sliders after being cross-wound, a garbage bag is arranged in the annular ring formed by the sealing rope, the buckle is detachably arranged on one side of the inner tub, and the top of the inner tub is provided with an annular concave groove, the slider is slidably arranged in the annular groove, and the slider is connected with a driving structure for driving the slider to slide.
  • the buckle includes an annular body and a limiting portion and a snap-in portion connected to both ends of the annular body, a clamping portion is oppositely arranged in the annular body, and the opening of the clamping portion corresponds to the
  • the ring body is provided with a threading hole.
  • a fixing ring is provided on the inner barrel, a connection part is provided outside the annular body, and a through hole is opened on the connection part, and the through hole is sleeved on the fixing ring.
  • the driving structure includes a pull rope, one end of the pull rope is connected to the slider, and the other end of the pull rope passes through the side wall of the annular groove and is connected to the reel.
  • the reel is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the inner bucket and is connected with the motor power.
  • the end of the slider connected to the sealing rope is provided with a return spring, and the middle part of the return spring is fixed in the annular groove.
  • a capacity sensor is provided on the inner barrel at a position a quarter away from the barrel mouth, and the capacity sensor is electrically connected to the driving structure.
  • a position sensor is provided on the inner tub on the opposite side of the buckle, and the position sensor is electrically connected to the driving structure.
  • the outer barrel sleeved outside the inner barrel, and the outer barrel includes a barrel body and a cover.
  • a power structure for driving the cover to open and close is provided on the barrel, and an infrared sensor for detecting the approach of a person is provided on the outside of the cover, and the infrared sensor is electrically connected to the power structure.
  • an opening and closing sensor is provided on the cover, and an ultraviolet disinfection structure is provided inside the cover, and the opening and closing sensor is electrically connected to the ultraviolet disinfection structure, and the ultraviolet disinfection structure is also connected to an extension When power off the relay.
  • the present invention is provided with a sealing device on the inner barrel, and the sealing device uses a sealing rope to tighten the garbage bag.
  • the sealing rope When the sealing rope is initially installed, the two ends of the sealing rope are wound, and when the sealing rope is tightened, a tight state is formed To realize the preliminary sealing, and then use the buckle to tighten the sealing rope, which realizes the effective sealing and fixing of the garbage bag.
  • the sealing method is strong and reliable, which can effectively avoid the risk of leakage of medical waste. At the same time, due to the avoidance of heating and other sealing methods , can effectively save energy;
  • the sealing rope is passed through the rope hole provided on the buckle, so that the position of the sealing rope can be constrained by the buckle, and then the sealing rope can be smoothly realized under the drive of the slider.
  • the buckle includes a clamping part and a limiting part, the clamping part can be clamped into the limiting part and the clamping part can be used to clamp the tightened sealing rope;
  • the present invention is provided with a capacity sensor, and the capacity sensor is electrically connected to the driving structure that drives the sealing action of the sealing device, and starts to start the sealing operation after sensing that the garbage in the trash can reaches a certain capacity, thereby realizing automatic sealing;
  • the cover of the present invention is provided with an opening and closing sensor, and the inner side of the cover is provided with an ultraviolet disinfection structure.
  • the opening and closing sensor is electrically connected to the ultraviolet disinfection structure. When the opening and closing sensor senses that the cover is opened, the ultraviolet light is stopped. The operation of the disinfection structure avoids the harm caused by ultraviolet rays to the personnel who collect and dispose of the garbage. When the opening and closing sensor senses that the cover is closed, the operation of the ultraviolet disinfection structure is turned on to realize the function of disinfection and sterilization.
  • the ultraviolet disinfection structure is also connected with an extension When the power-off relay is used, it will automatically stop after the ultraviolet disinfection structure has been running for a period of time, so as to avoid excessive disinfection and waste of energy.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner barrel of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the layout of sealing rope and stay cord of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the buckle of the present invention.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of medical waste bin, to solve the problems existing in the prior art, a sealing device is arranged on the inner bucket, and the sealing device uses a sealing rope to tighten the garbage bag and initially seal it, and then uses a buckle to seal the sealing rope Clamping tightly realizes the effective sealing of the garbage bag.
  • the sealing method is strong and reliable, saves energy, and can effectively avoid the risk of leakage of medical waste.
  • the present invention provides a medical trash can, which is mainly used to contain medical waste, and a garbage bag needs to be placed inside it before placing the medical waste.
  • the medical trash can includes an inner barrel 2 and a sealing device arranged on the inner barrel 2.
  • the inner barrel 2 mentioned here is a barrel-shaped structure, and its upper opening and lower part have a bottom, which has a certain space for containing; the inner barrel 2 can be a straight cylinder with the same diameter up and down.
  • the barrel wall of the inner barrel 2 can be a closed structure or a hollow structure; in addition, the inner barrel 2 can be used independently and set There is a bung, and the outer barrel 1 (as shown in Figure 1) can also be sleeved on the outside.
  • the sealing device is mainly used for tightening and sealing the garbage bag.
  • the sealing device includes a sealing rope 51, a buckle 52 and a slider 53, wherein the sealing rope 51 and the buckle 52 are disposable items, that is to say , the sealing rope 51 and buckle 52 need to be replaced at the same time after each replacement of the garbage bag, and the old sealing rope 51 and buckle 52 are collected together with the garbage bag to the designated place;
  • the slider 53 is the structure installed on the inner barrel 2, repeat application, therefore, the connection mode between the end of the sealing rope 51 and the slide block 53 should be a detachable connection, and the sealing rope 51 can be directly bound in the binding hole provided on the slide block 53, or the slide block 53 is provided with a
  • the clip can directly clamp the sealing rope 51, or the end of the sealing rope 51 is connected with an iron sheet, and the slide block 53 has magnetism and can absorb the iron sheet.
  • the two ends of the sealing rope 51 are relatively passed through the buckle 52, and are respectively connected to the slider 53 after being cross-wound.
  • the sealing rope 51 forms an annular ring on the outside of the garbage bag.
  • the movement of the slider 53 can drive the annular ring to shrink and then tighten the opening of the garbage bag.
  • the buckle 52 is detachably arranged on one side of the inner barrel 2, that is to say, when the sealing rope 51 is tightened, the buckle 52 is fixed, and the buckle 52 is disassembled after the tightening is completed. Come down and fasten the sealing rope 51.
  • a hook can be provided on the inner barrel 2, and the buckle 52 can be hooked on the hook to realize detachable fixation; or, a clip is arranged on the inner barrel 2, and the buckle 52 is clamped Fasten on the clip.
  • the buckle 52 can play a guiding role to the sealing rope 51 when tightening the garbage bag, and play a clamping role after the sealing rope 51 is tightened.
  • the buckle 52 can be a clip with a spring, or can be It is a structure such as elastic clips.
  • the top of the inner barrel 2 is provided with an annular groove, and the slider 53 is slidably arranged in the annular groove, and the slider 53 is connected with a driving structure for driving the sliding block 53, and the driving structure drives the slider 53 to move along the annular groove Then drive the sealing rope 51 to tighten;
  • the driving structure can be directly arranged on the slide block 53 itself, for example, the slide block 53 has a drive wheel, or the drive structure is a structure that is separately arranged, and the slide block is pulled (or pushed) by a rope or a bar 53 sliding; for one of the installation methods of the slider 53, as shown in Figure 5, the slider 53 is in the shape of a T-shaped block, and the cross section of the annular groove is a T-shaped groove, so that the slider 53 can be placed in the annular groove It should be noted that at this time, the slider 53 can be a split structure, that is, the wider base of the T-shaped block and the part on the base are detachable, so that the The slide block 53 is
  • the present invention is provided with a sealing device on the inner barrel 2, and the sealing device uses a sealing rope 51 to tighten the garbage bag.
  • the sealing rope 51 When the sealing rope 51 is initially installed, the two ends of the sealing rope 51 are wound, and when the sealing rope 51 is tightened, a tight connection is formed.
  • Preliminary sealing can be achieved by using the buckle 52 to clamp the sealing rope 51 to realize the effective sealing and fixing of the garbage bag.
  • the sealing method is strong and reliable, which can effectively avoid the leakage risk of medical waste.
  • the sealing method can effectively save energy.
  • the buckle 52 includes an annular body 521 and a limiting portion 522 and a clamping portion 523 connected to both ends of the annular body 521.
  • the annular body 521 is connected end to end, forming the limiting portion 522 and the clamping portion 523 to be close to each other.
  • the structure of the annular body 521 itself has a certain ability to recover and deform.
  • the clamping part 523 is snapped into the limiting part 522, the displacement of the clamping part 523 can be limited by the limiting part 522, so that the inner part of the annular body 521
  • the opposite clamping portion 524 can approach and clamp the sealing cord 51 placed in the middle, and the operation is simple and convenient.
  • the ring body 521 corresponding to the opening of the clamping part 524 is provided with a threading hole 525. After the sealing rope 51 passes through the threading hole 525, it passes through the clamping part 524 and then passes through another threading hole 525 to realize the sealing of the sealing rope 51. installation.
  • the sealing cord 51 can slide freely in the buckle 52, so that the position of the sealing cord 51 can be constrained by the buckle 52, and then the sealing cord 51 can be ensured in the position of the sliding block 53. Under the driving, the tightening is smoothly realized and the garbage bag is tied tightly, and finally the clamping part 524 is used to realize clamping of the tightened sealing rope 51 .
  • a fixing ring 6 can be provided on the inner barrel 2, and the fixing ring 6 is provided with an opening, the size of which makes it not detached from the installation position, but the buckle 52 can be inserted into the fixing ring 6.
  • a connecting portion 526 may be provided outside the annular body 521 of the buckle 52, and a through hole is provided on the connecting portion 526. The opening is sleeved on the fixing ring 6 and can be easily disassembled, so as to realize the detachable connection between the buckle 52 and the fixing ring 6 .
  • the drive structure that connects slide block 53 can comprise components such as stay cord 41, reel 42 and motor 43, and one end of stay cord 41 is connected on the slide block 53, and the connection mentioned here can refer to the above-mentioned connection mode, needs explanation Yes, the stay cord 41 can be placed in the annular groove, and the sealing rope 51 can be in the annular groove initially, and as the slider 53 moves, it should be able to break away from the annular groove.
  • the annular groove can be The inner wall is relatively short and provided with an inclined surface relative to the outer wall, so that the sealing rope 51 is easy to slide out.
  • the other end of the stay cord 41 passes through the side wall of the annular groove and is connected to the reel 42.
  • the stay cord 41 can be wound by the rotation of the reel 42, which drives the slider 53 to move along the annular groove, and then drives the sealing rope 51 to tighten Garbage bag, similarly, can be provided with another drive structure at the other end of slide block 53, realize the reset of slide block 53 by another drive structure.
  • the reel 42 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the inner bucket 2 and is connected with the power of the motor 43, and the reel 42 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the motor 43 through gears or belts.
  • the return spring 7 For the reset mode of the slide block 53, it can also be realized by setting the return spring 7. Specifically, the end of the slide block 53 connected with the sealing rope 51 is provided with a return spring 7, and the return spring 7 is connected by clamping or by a bolt. The clip is clamped and fixed on the slide block 53, and the middle part of the return spring 7 is fixed in the annular groove. When fixing, a protruding stop can be provided at the middle part of the return spring 7, and the stop is fixedly connected in the annular groove. When the slide block 53 moves under the action of the driving structure, it will pull the back-moving spring 7 to stretch and deform. Under the action of pulling force, the slider 53 moves to the initial position.
  • a capacity sensor 21 can be arranged on the inner barrel 2 at a quarter position from the mouth of the barrel, and the capacity sensor 21 is electrically connected to the drive structure.
  • the capacity sensor 21 may include a distance sensor or an infrared detector. When an object is detected to block the capacity sensor 21 for a certain period of time, it is determined that the capacity sensor 21 has been reached.
  • a position sensor 22 is provided on the inner barrel 2 on the opposite side of the buckle 52, and the position sensor 22 is electrically connected with the driving structure. The operation of stopping in time to tighten up the action of garbage bag, avoids slide block 53 to move excessively.
  • the position sensor 22 can be a contact sensor or a proximity sensor, and can determine whether the slider 53 has reached a set position.
  • an outer barrel 1 can also be set outside the inner barrel 2.
  • the outer barrel 1 can accommodate the inner barrel 2 and its accessories, protect the accessories, and ensure aesthetics.
  • the outer barrel 1 includes The barrel body and the lid body 3 cover the inner barrel 2 through the lid body 3 to ensure that the medical waste in the inner barrel 2 is isolated from the outside world and avoid environmental pollution.
  • a power structure for driving the opening and closing of the lid body 3 may be provided on the barrel body of the outer barrel 1 , and the power structure may adopt the prior art, which will not be repeated here.
  • the outer side of the cover body 3 is provided with an infrared sensor 33 for detecting the approach of a person, and the infrared sensor 33 is electrically connected to the power structure.
  • the infrared sensor 33 detects that a person approaches, the cover can be opened under the drive of the power structure 3. It is convenient to throw medical waste or take away the sealed garbage bags.
  • the infrared sensor 33 detects that people are far away, it can cut off the power of the power structure or reverse the action to close the cover 3, so that the cover 3 is normally closed. state.
  • the cover body 3 can also be provided with an opening and closing sensor 32, the inner side of the cover body 3 is provided with an ultraviolet disinfection structure 31, the opening and closing sensor 32 is electrically connected with the ultraviolet disinfection structure 31, and the ultraviolet disinfection structure 31 is also connected with a delay power-off relay , when the opening and closing sensor 32 senses that the cover 3 is opened, the operation of the ultraviolet disinfection structure 31 is stopped to prevent the ultraviolet rays from causing damage to the garbage collection personnel. When the opening and closing sensor 32 senses that the cover 3 is closed, it opens The operation of the ultraviolet disinfection structure 31 realizes the function of disinfection and sterilization. In addition, the ultraviolet disinfection structure 31 is also connected with a delay power-off relay, which automatically stops after the ultraviolet disinfection structure 31 runs for a period of time, thereby avoiding excessive disinfection and waste of energy.
  • the infrared sensor 33 provided on the outer top of the cover 3 will give an alarm and transmit the signal to the power structure, which will drive the cover 3 to open, and the opening and closing sensor 32 will transmit the signal of the opening of the cover 3 to the ultraviolet disinfection structure 31, stop disinfection; when the person leaves, the infrared sensor 33 alarm signal stops, the power structure stops working, the cover 3 closes, and the opening and closing sensor 32 transmits the signal of the cover 3 closing to the ultraviolet disinfection structure 31, and starts the ultraviolet lamp Disinfection; the working time of the ultraviolet disinfection structure 31 is determined according to the time set by the power-off relay.
  • the capacity sensor 21 When the volume of medical waste in the inner bucket 2 reaches the threshold of the capacity sensor 21, the capacity sensor 21 will alarm, and the driving structure will be activated to drive the reel 42 to rotate.
  • the groove moves in the direction in which the back-moving spring 7 stretches, and then drives the annular ring formed by the sealing rope 51 connected on the slide block 53 to shrink, so as to realize the tightening operation of the garbage bag.
  • the position sensor 22 After the sensor 22 detects the arrival position, the position sensor 22 sends a signal to the driving structure, so that the driving structure cuts off the power, manually presses the buckle 52 to realize the clamping operation of the sealing rope 51, and then puts the garbage bag together with the buckle 52 and The sealing rope 51 is taken out together. Then, reversely run the driving structure or directly under the pulling force of the back-moving spring 7, the slide block 53 returns to the initial position, and then a new garbage bag, sealing rope 51 and buckle 52 are installed in the designated position, and enter the normal use state .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse Receptacles (AREA)

Abstract

一种医疗垃圾桶，包括内桶（2）以及设置在内桶（2）上的封口装置，封口装置包括封口绳（51）、卡扣（52）以及滑块（53），封口绳（51）的两端相对穿过卡扣（52）并交叉缠绕后分别连接在滑块（53）上，封口绳（51）形成的环形圈内设置有垃圾袋，卡扣（52）可拆卸设置在内桶（2）的一侧，内桶（2）顶部设置有环形凹槽，滑块（53）滑动设置在环形凹槽内，滑块连接有用于驱动滑块（53）滑动的驱动结构。此垃圾桶利用封口绳将垃圾袋收紧，通过将封口绳的两端缠绕安装，当收紧封口绳时能够初步封口，再利用卡扣将封口绳卡紧，实现了对垃圾袋的有效封口和固定，封口方式结实可靠，能够有效避免医疗垃圾的泄漏风险，同时，由于避免了加热等封口的方式，能够有效节约能源。

Description

一种医疗垃圾桶 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗用品技术领域，特别是涉及一种医疗垃圾桶。
背景技术
移动疫苗接种车作为一种新型的疫苗接种单位，具有机动性强、效率高的特点。其最明显的优势就是能深入学校、社区、企事业单位等地方，为有需要的人群提供快速、安全、高效地疫苗接种服务。由于疫苗接种车的空间有限，而又相对接种的人员数量庞大，随之产生的医疗垃圾体积庞大。接种车上的人员配置一般只有医护人员，而没有专门收放垃圾的人员，医护人员在接种疫苗时的工作量较大，又无法专门抽身去收放医疗垃圾，况且，医疗垃圾含有大量的细菌和病毒，具有高污染性、高危险性、高传染性等特点，医护人员如果在接种疫苗的过程中又收放垃圾，则极容易造成交叉感染，对接种人员和医护人员都将造成不良的影响。
现有的医疗垃圾桶垃圾袋在装满后需要医护人员手动扎封垃圾袋，在平常医疗场所由于有专门人员进行操作或在空余时间进行操作，且消毒设施比较健全，问题不大。但是在疫苗接种车这种特殊环境下，会极大增加交叉感染风险。也就是说，现有的医疗垃圾桶如果应用在疫苗接种车上不仅会增加医护人员的工作量，延长与医疗垃圾接触的时间，还增加了医护人员的感染风险，处理不当将会对医护人员和接种人员的身体健康和生命安全构成巨大威胁。
在日常生活用品领域存在能够自动封口的垃圾桶，例如申请公布号为CN 111361891 A的中国专利公开了一种家用智能垃圾桶垃圾袋封口装置，设置有收缩绳，收缩绳绕编在旋转轴承和收缩绳固定套管之间，旋转轴承旋转时，收缩绳拉紧并聚拢至中央，旋转轴承复位时，收缩绳散开，收缩绳的外部包裹发热装置，发热装置与电源系统连接，也就是说，该方案通过收缩绳将垃圾袋收紧后再利用加热装置实现封口，然而，并不是所有的垃圾袋都可以加热封口，对垃圾袋的材质有需求，另外，加热封口的方式 较为缓慢，对于能量需求也较高，且容易造成垃圾袋受热严重后发生破损，而导致医疗垃圾的泄漏风险。
申请公布号为CN 104192456 A的中国专利公开了一种自动封口垃圾桶，设置有缩口机构，缩口机构包括两个对称布置的第二弧形杆和两个对称布置的第一弧形杆，首先利用第一弧形杆与第二弧形杆对垃圾袋袋口进行收拢，然后利用第一弧形杆上的第一胶带与第二胶带对垃圾袋袋口进行拉扯封口，也就是说，该方案是利用胶带进行封口的方式，然而，在垃圾桶的环境周边，胶带极容易粘杂其他物品而影响粘贴效果，或者，在垃圾袋放置后，胶带即有可能粘贴在垃圾袋上而影响封口后的粘贴，因此，粘胶带的方式有很多不确定性，而可能导致封口不严或没有封口，最终造成泄漏风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种医疗垃圾桶，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，在内桶上设置有封口装置，封口装置利用封口绳将垃圾袋收紧并初步封口，再利用卡扣将封口绳卡紧，实现了对垃圾袋的有效封口，封口方式结实可靠、节约能源，能够有效避免医疗垃圾的泄漏风险。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：
本发明提供一种医疗垃圾桶，包括内桶以及设置在所述内桶上的封口装置，所述封口装置包括封口绳、卡扣以及滑块，所述封口绳的两端相对穿过所述卡扣并交叉缠绕后分别连接在所述滑块上，所述封口绳形成的环形圈内设置有垃圾袋，所述卡扣可拆卸设置在所述内桶的一侧，所述内桶顶部设置有环形凹槽，所述滑块滑动设置在所述环形凹槽内，所述滑块连接有用于驱动所述滑块滑动的驱动结构。
优选地，所述卡扣包括环形本体以及连接在所述环形本体两端的限位部和卡接部，所述环形本体内相对设置有夹持部，所述夹持部的开口对应的所述环形本体上设置有穿绳孔。
优选地，所述内桶上设置有固定环，所述环形本体外设置有连接部，所述连接部上开设有通孔，所述通孔套设在所述固定环上。
优选地，所述驱动结构包括拉绳，所述拉绳的一端连接在所述滑块上， 所述拉绳的另一端穿过所述环形凹槽的侧壁后连接在卷轴上，所述卷轴转动连接在所述内桶的外壁上且与电机动力连接。
优选地，所述滑块连接有所述封口绳的一端设置有复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧的中部固定在所述环形凹槽内。
优选地，所述内桶上距离桶口四分之一位置处设置有容量感应器，所述容量感应器与所述驱动结构电连接。
优选地，所述卡扣对侧的所述内桶上设置有位置感应器，所述位置感应器与所述驱动结构电连接。
优选地，包括套设在所述内桶外部的外桶，所述外桶包括桶身和盖体。
优选地，所述桶身上设置有驱动所述盖体开合的动力结构，所述盖体的外侧设置有用于检测人员靠近的红外感应器，所述红外感应器与所述动力结构电连接。
优选地，所述盖体上设置有开合感应器，所述盖体内侧设置有紫外线消毒结构，所述开合感应器与所述紫外线消毒结构电连接，所述紫外线消毒结构还连接有延时断电继电器。
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下技术效果：
(1)本发明在内桶上设置有封口装置，封口装置利用封口绳将垃圾袋收紧，在初始安装封口绳时，将封口绳的两端缠绕，当收紧封口绳时形成绑紧的状态而实现初步封口，再利用卡扣将封口绳卡紧，实现了对垃圾袋的有效封口和固定，封口方式结实可靠，能够有效避免医疗垃圾的泄漏风险，同时，由于避免了加热等封口的方式，能够有效节约能源；
(2)本发明的卡扣在应用时，将封口绳穿过卡扣上设置的穿绳孔，从而能够利用卡扣约束封口绳的位置，进而能够保证封口绳在滑块的带动下顺利实现收紧而绑紧垃圾袋，卡扣包括卡接部和限位部，能够将卡接部卡入限位部而利用夹持部实现对收紧后的封口绳的卡紧；
(3)本发明设置有容量感应器，容量感应器与驱动封口装置封口动作的驱动结构电连接，在感应到垃圾桶内垃圾达到一定的容量后，开始启动封口操作，进而实现自动封口；
(4)本发明盖体上设置有开合感应器，盖体内侧设置有紫外线消毒结构，开合感应器与紫外线消毒结构电连接，当开合感应器感应到盖体打开时，则停止紫外线消毒结构的运行，避免紫外线对收放垃圾的人员造成伤害，当开合感应器感应到盖体关闭时，开启紫外线消毒结构的运行，实现消毒杀菌的功能，另外，紫外线消毒结构还连接有延时断电继电器，在紫外线消毒结构运行一段时间后自动停止，从而能够避免过度消毒浪费能源。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明内桶结构示意图；
图3为图2中局部断面示意图；
图4本发明封口绳和拉绳的布置示意图；
图5为本发明卡扣的结构示意图；
其中，1、外桶；2、内桶；21、容量感应器；22、位置感应器；3、盖体；31、紫外线消毒结构；32、开合感应器；33、红外感应器；41、拉绳；42、卷轴；43、电机；51、封口绳；52、卡扣；521、环形本体；522、限位部；523、卡接部；524、夹持部；525、穿绳孔；526、连接部；53、滑块；6、固定环；7、复位弹簧。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的目的是提供一种医疗垃圾桶，以解决现有技术存在的问题， 在内桶上设置有封口装置，封口装置利用封口绳将垃圾袋收紧并初步封口，再利用卡扣将封口绳卡紧，实现了对垃圾袋的有效封口，封口方式结实可靠、节约能源，能够有效避免医疗垃圾的泄漏风险。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
如图2～4所示，本发明提供一种医疗垃圾桶，医疗垃圾桶内主要用于盛装医疗垃圾，在放置医疗垃圾之前需要在其内部先放置垃圾袋。医疗垃圾桶包括内桶2以及设置在内桶2上的封口装置，此处所说的内桶2为桶状结构，其上部开口下部有底，具有一定的盛装空间；内桶2可以为上下一样直径大小的直筒型结构，也可以为上大下小的敞口结构；由于内桶2内还会放置垃圾袋，内桶2的桶壁可以为封闭结构也可以为镂空结构；另外，内桶2可以独立使用，自身设置有桶盖，也可以在外部套设外桶1(如图1所示)。封口装置主要用于对垃圾袋的收紧和封口，具体的，封口装置包括封口绳51、卡扣52以及滑块53，其中，封口绳51和卡扣52为一次性使用用品，也就是说，每次更换垃圾袋后需要对封口绳51和卡扣52同时更换，旧的封口绳51和卡扣52则随同垃圾袋一同收集到指定地点；滑块53为内桶2上安装的结构，重复应用，因此，封口绳51端部和滑块53之间的连接方式应为可拆卸连接，可以将封口绳51直接绑扎在滑块53上设置的帮扎孔内，或者滑块53上设置有夹子可以直接夹持封口绳51，或者封口绳51的端部连接有铁皮、而滑块53带有磁性能够吸附铁皮。在安装封口绳51时，将封口绳51的两端相对穿过卡扣52，并交叉缠绕后分别连接在滑块53上，此时，封口绳51在垃圾袋的外部形成一个环形圈，通过滑块53的移动能够带动环形圈缩小进而将垃圾袋的开口收紧。需要说明的是，卡扣52可拆卸设置在内桶2的一侧，也就是说，在收紧封口绳51时，卡扣52是固定不动的，在收紧完毕后才将卡扣52拆卸下来并将封口绳51卡紧。对于卡扣52与内桶2的连接方式，可以在内桶2上设置有挂钩，将卡扣52挂接在挂钩上实现可拆卸固定；或者，在内桶2上设置有夹子，将卡扣52夹在夹子上进行固定。卡扣52能够在收紧垃圾袋时起到对封口绳51的导向作用，在封口绳51收紧后起到卡紧作用，根据此应用方式，卡扣52可以为带弹簧的夹子，也可以为弹性卡 子等结构。内桶2顶部设置有环形凹槽，滑块53滑动设置在环形凹槽内，并且，滑块53连接有用于驱动滑块53滑动的驱动结构，通过驱动结构驱动滑块53沿着环形凹槽移动进而带动封口绳51收紧动作；驱动结构可以直接设置在滑块53本身上，例如滑块53带有驱动轮，或者驱动结构为单独设置的结构，通过绳或杆拉动(或推动)滑块53滑动；对于滑块53的其中一种安装方式，可以参考图5所示，滑块53为T型块形状，环形凹槽的截面为T型槽，从而能够使得滑块53在环形凹槽内滑动而不会脱离环形凹槽，需要说明的是，此时，滑块53可以为分体结构，即T型块较宽的底座和底座上的部分是可拆分的，以能够顺利将滑块53安装在环形凹槽内，当然，也可以在环形凹槽的某一处侧壁上设置开口，将滑块53安装后再将开口封堵。本发明在内桶2上设置有封口装置，封口装置利用封口绳51将垃圾袋收紧，在初始安装封口绳51时，将封口绳51的两端缠绕，当收紧封口绳51时形成绑紧的状态而实现初步封口，再利用卡扣52将封口绳51卡紧，实现了对垃圾袋的有效封口和固定，封口方式结实可靠，能够有效避免医疗垃圾的泄漏风险，同时，由于避免了加热等封口的方式，能够有效节约能源。
结合图5所示，卡扣52包括环形本体521以及连接在环形本体521两端的限位部522和卡接部523，环形本体521首尾相接，形成限位部522和卡接部523相互靠近的结构，环形本体521本身具有一定的可恢复形变的能力，当将卡接部523卡入限位部522后，可以依靠限位部522限定卡接部523的位移，从而使得环形本体521内相对设置的夹持部524能够靠近并夹持中间放置的封口绳51，操作简单便捷，通常只需要一个按压的动作即可以实现夹紧的操作。夹持部524的开口对应的环形本体521上设置有穿绳孔525，将封口绳51穿过穿绳孔525后经过夹持部524再通过另一个穿绳孔525穿出，实现封口绳51的安装。在没有按压限位部522和卡接部523时，封口绳51能够在卡扣52内自由滑动，从而能够利用卡扣52约束封口绳51的位置，进而能够保证封口绳51在滑块53的带动下顺利实现收紧而绑紧垃圾袋，最后利用夹持部524实现对收紧后的封口绳51的卡紧。
再次参考图2～4，可以在内桶2上设置有固定环6，固定环6设置有一段开口，该开口尺寸使其不会脱离安装位置，但能够将卡扣52卡放进固定环6。具体的，可以在卡扣52的环形本体521外设置有连接部526，连接部526上开设有通孔，通孔尺寸大于固定环6的截面直径，从而能够将通孔通过固定环6上的开口套设在固定环6上，并可以轻松拆下，进而实现卡扣52和固定环6的可拆卸连接。
连接滑块53的驱动结构可以包括拉绳41、卷轴42和电机43等部件，拉绳41的一端连接在滑块53上，此处所说的连接可以参考前文所述的连接方式，需要说明的是，拉绳41可以安放在环形凹槽内，而封口绳51在初始时可以在环形凹槽内，随着滑块53的移动，应能够脱离环形凹槽，此时，可以将环形凹槽的内壁相对于外壁设置的较矮且设置有斜面，使得封口绳51容易滑出。拉绳41的另一端穿过环形凹槽的侧壁后连接在卷轴42上，通过卷轴42的转动可以卷绕拉绳41，带动滑块53沿环形凹槽移动，进而带动封口绳51收紧垃圾袋，同理，可以在滑块53的另一端设置有另一驱动结构，通过另一驱动结构实现滑块53的复位。卷轴42转动连接在内桶2的外壁上且与电机43动力连接，依靠电机43转动通过齿轮或皮带带动卷轴42转动。
对于滑块53的复位方式，还可以通过设置复位弹簧7的方式实现，具体的，在滑块53连接有封口绳51的一端设置有复位弹簧7，复位弹簧7通过卡接或通过带螺栓的夹片夹紧固定在滑块53上，复位弹簧7的中部固定在环形凹槽内，固定时可以在复位弹簧7中部设置有凸出的挡块，挡块固定连接在环形凹槽内，当滑块53在驱动结构的作用下移动时会拉动复位弹簧7拉伸变形，到达位置(垃圾袋收紧开口时滑块53所在的位置)后，切断驱动结构的驱动力，在复位弹簧7的拉力作用下，滑块53移动到初始位置。
如图3所示，可以在内桶2上距离桶口四分之一位置处设置有容量感应器21，容量感应器21与驱动结构电连接，当容量感应器21感应到内桶2内垃圾达到一定的容量后，开始启动封口操作，进而实现自动封口。容量感应器21可以包括距离传感器或红外探测器，当监测到有物体遮挡容量感应器21并超过一定时间后则判断到达容量感应器21位置。
如图4所示，卡扣52对侧的内桶2上设置有位置感应器22，位置感应器22与驱动结构电连接，当位置感应器22监测到滑块53移动到位后，则停止驱动结构的运行，及时停止收紧垃圾袋的动作，避免滑块53过度移动。位置感应器22可以为接触式传感器或接近式传感器，能够判断滑块53是否达到设定的位置。
如图1所示，在内桶2外部还可以套设有外桶1，外桶1能够容纳内桶2及其附属配件，并对附属配件进行保护，还能保证美观性，另外，外桶1包括桶身和盖体3，通过盖体3将内桶2覆盖，保证内桶2内的医疗垃圾与外界隔离，避免环境污染。
在外桶1的桶身上可以设置有驱动盖体3开合的动力结构，该动力结构可以采用现有技术，此处不再赘述。在盖体3的外侧设置有用于检测人员靠近的红外感应器33，红外感应器33与动力结构电连接，当红外感应器33检测到人员靠近时，可以在动力结构的驱动作用下打开盖体3，方便投掷医疗垃圾或收走已经封口的垃圾袋，当红外感应器33检测到人员远离时，可以切断动力结构的动力或反向动作将盖体3关闭，使得盖体3处在常闭状态。
盖体3上还可以设置有开合感应器32，盖体3内侧设置有紫外线消毒结构31，开合感应器32与紫外线消毒结构31电连接，紫外线消毒结构31还连接有延时断电继电器，当开合感应器32感应到盖体3打开时，则停止紫外线消毒结构31的运行，避免紫外线对收放垃圾的人员造成伤害，当开合感应器32感应到盖体3关闭时，开启紫外线消毒结构31的运行，实现消毒杀菌的功能，另外，紫外线消毒结构31还连接有延时断电继电器，在紫外线消毒结构31运行一段时间后自动停止，从而能够避免过度消毒浪费能源。
本发明正常使用时的过程如下：
当有人靠近时，盖体3外侧顶部设置的红外感应器33报警并将信号传递至动力结构，动力结构驱动盖体3打开，开合感应器32将盖体3打开的信号传至紫外线消毒结构31，停止消毒；当人离开时，红外感应器33报警信号停止，动力结构停止工作，盖体3闭合，开合感应器32将盖 体3闭合的信号传至紫外线消毒结构31，开始紫外灯消毒；紫外线消毒结构31工作时间根据断电继电器设置的时间而定。
本发明封口时的过程如下：
当内桶2内医疗垃圾容量达到容量感应器21阈值时，容量感应器21报警，驱动结构启动，进而驱动卷轴42转动，卷轴42转动并缠绕拉绳41，拉绳41拉动滑块53沿着环形凹槽向复位弹簧7拉伸的方向移动，进而带动滑块53上连接的封口绳51形成的环形圈收缩，实现对垃圾袋的收紧操作，当滑块53到达设定位置，并被位置感应器22检测到到达位置后，位置感应器22将信号发送给驱动结构，使得驱动结构切断动力，人工按压卡扣52实现对封口绳51的卡紧操作，再将垃圾袋连同卡扣52和封口绳51一同取出。然后，反向运行驱动结构或直接在复位弹簧7的拉力作用下，滑块53回到起始位置，再将新的垃圾袋、封口绳51和卡扣52安装在指定位置，进入正常使用状态。
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种医疗垃圾桶，其特征在于：包括内桶以及设置在所述内桶上的封口装置，所述封口装置包括封口绳、卡扣以及滑块，所述封口绳的两端相对穿过所述卡扣并交叉缠绕后分别连接在所述滑块上，所述封口绳形成的环形圈内设置有垃圾袋，所述卡扣可拆卸设置在所述内桶的一侧，所述内桶顶部设置有环形凹槽，所述滑块滑动设置在所述环形凹槽内，所述滑块连接有用于驱动所述滑块滑动的驱动结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的医疗垃圾桶，其特征在于：所述卡扣包括环形本体以及连接在所述环形本体两端的限位部和卡接部，所述环形本体内相对设置有夹持部，所述夹持部的开口对应的所述环形本体上设置有穿绳孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的医疗垃圾桶，其特征在于：所述内桶上设置有固定环，所述环形本体外设置有连接部，所述连接部上开设有通孔，所述通孔套设在所述固定环上。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的医疗垃圾桶，其特征在于：所述驱动结构包括拉绳，所述拉绳的一端连接在所述滑块上，所述拉绳的另一端穿过所述环形凹槽的侧壁后连接在卷轴上，所述卷轴转动连接在所述内桶的外壁上且与电机动力连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的医疗垃圾桶，其特征在于：所述滑块连接有所述封口绳的一端设置有复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧的中部固定在所述环形凹槽内。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的医疗垃圾桶，其特征在于：所述内桶上距离 桶口四分之一位置处设置有容量感应器，所述容量感应器与所述驱动结构电连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的医疗垃圾桶，其特征在于：所述卡扣对侧的所述内桶上设置有位置感应器，所述位置感应器与所述驱动结构电连接。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的医疗垃圾桶，其特征在于：包括套设在所述内桶外部的外桶，所述外桶包括桶身和盖体。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的医疗垃圾桶，其特征在于：所述桶身上设置有驱动所述盖体开合的动力结构，所述盖体的外侧设置有用于检测人员靠近的红外感应器，所述红外感应器与所述动力结构电连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的医疗垃圾桶，其特征在于：所述盖体上设置有开合感应器，所述盖体内侧设置有紫外线消毒结构，所述开合感应器与所述紫外线消毒结构电连接，所述紫外线消毒结构还连接有延时断电继电器。
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CN114229285B (zh) * 2021-12-28 2023-08-04 胡永双 一种便于垃圾分类实名制的垃圾袋及其识别方法
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