WO2023030464A1 - 一种参考信号的传输方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种参考信号的传输方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023030464A1
WO2023030464A1 PCT/CN2022/116594 CN2022116594W WO2023030464A1 WO 2023030464 A1 WO2023030464 A1 WO 2023030464A1 CN 2022116594 W CN2022116594 W CN 2022116594W WO 2023030464 A1 WO2023030464 A1 WO 2023030464A1
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Prior art keywords
reference signal
modulation
parameters
ports
coding
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PCT/CN2022/116594
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖华华
鲁照华
蒋创新
李伦
吴昊
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to EP22863598.3A priority Critical patent/EP4395212A1/en
Publication of WO2023030464A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023030464A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the communication field, and in particular, relate to a reference signal transmission method and device.
  • the modulation information includes data and/or control information
  • the data is mainly on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH for short) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (Physical UPlink Shared Channel
  • the control information is mainly transmitted on the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH for short) or the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH for short).
  • the end sends a demodulation reference signal (Demodulation Reference Signal, referred to as DMRS), the receiving end receives the DMRS, and estimates the channel on the resource element (Resource Element, referred to as RE) where the DMRS is located according to the DMRS, and uses methods such as interpolation according to the RE where the DMRS is located.
  • RE resource element
  • the DMRS overhead accounts for a large proportion.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a reference signal transmission method and device, to at least solve the problem of channel estimation by demodulating reference signals in the related art. Big question.
  • a method for transmitting a reference signal including:
  • the reference signal parameters at least include a port number P of the reference signal and a modulation and coding method of the reference signal, and the number of ports P of the reference signal is determined according to the modulation and coding method;
  • a reference signal transmission method applied to a base station including:
  • the reference signal parameters at least include a port number P of the reference signal and a modulation and coding method of the reference signal, and the number of ports P of the reference signal is determined according to the modulation and coding method;
  • an apparatus for transmitting a reference signal, which is applied to a terminal including:
  • the first receiving module is configured to receive reference signal parameters, wherein the reference signal parameters include at least the number P of ports of the reference signal and the modulation and coding method of the reference signal, and the number P of ports of the reference signal is based on the modulation and coding method way to determine;
  • the second receiving module is configured to receive the reference signal according to the reference signal parameter.
  • an apparatus for transmitting a reference signal, which is applied to a base station including:
  • a configuration module configured to configure reference signal parameters, wherein the reference signal parameters include at least the number P of ports of the reference signal and the modulation and coding method of the reference signal, and the number P of ports of the reference signal is determined according to the modulation and coding method ;
  • the first sending module is configured to send the reference signal parameters
  • the second sending module is configured to send the reference signal according to the reference signal parameter.
  • a computer-readable storage medium where a computer program is stored in the storage medium, wherein the computer program is set to execute any one of the above method embodiments when running in the steps.
  • an electronic device including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform any of the above Steps in the method examples.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware structure of a mobile terminal according to a method for transmitting a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a first flowchart of a method for transmitting a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a second flowchart of a reference signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a third flowchart of a reference signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a reference signal according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of AI-based data transmission according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a first block diagram of a reference signal transmission device according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a second block diagram of a reference signal transmission device according to this embodiment.
  • the terminal may include a mobile phone, a data block, a notebook, and various mobile manufacturing equipment in a factory.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure make no special limitation on this.
  • the base station may include various macro base stations, micro base stations, home base stations, and pico base stations. Embodiments of the present disclosure also do not specifically limit this.
  • transmission includes sending or receiving
  • the modulation and encoding methods include modulation and/or encoding methods, wherein the modulation methods include but are not limited to Binary Phase Shift Keying (Binary Phase Shift Keying, referred to as BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QuadraturePhase Shift Keying, referred to as QPSK), M-order quadrature amplitude modulation (M-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, referred to as M-QAM), including 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, 2048QAM, the corresponding number of modulation symbols is 2, 4, 16 , 64, 256, 1024, 2048, the corresponding modulation order R is 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12.
  • the number of modulation symbols here may also be other positive integers, such as 8, 32, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the modulation symbol group includes at least one modulation symbol, that is, it may be a modulation symbol corresponding to the modulation information, or a group of modulation symbols corresponding to the modulation information, where a group of modulation symbols includes at least one modulation symbol.
  • modulation information is modulated by a certain modulation mode including M modulation symbols, and one modulation symbol corresponds to one of the M modulation symbols.
  • the modulation schemes corresponding to each piece of data in the modulation symbol group may also be different.
  • the artificial intelligence module can be a mapping module or a classification module, or a clustering module, which can map the input modulation information to its corresponding modulation symbol or modulation symbol group, wherein the artificial intelligence module can also be Other modules with the same function are within the protection scope of this scheme as long as they realize the same function.
  • a modulation symbol group includes the case where there is one modulation symbol.
  • the modulation information includes data or control information.
  • channel coding is generally performed on their corresponding bit information streams first, and the channel coded bit streams are mapped to the modulation symbols in the constellation diagram.
  • one or more modulation symbols can also form a modulation symbol group, which represents the combination of modulation symbols of modulation information on multiple data streams.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware structure of a mobile terminal according to a reference signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a mobile terminal may include one or more (only shown in FIG. 1 a) a processor 102 (the processor 102 may include but not limited to a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, wherein the above-mentioned mobile terminal may also include a memory for communication Functional transmission device 106 and input and output device 108 .
  • a processor 102 may include but not limited to a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA
  • a memory 104 for storing data
  • the above-mentioned mobile terminal may also include a memory for communication Functional transmission device 106 and input and output device 108 .
  • FIG. 1 is only for illustration, and it does not limit the structure of the above mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal may also include more or fewer components than those shown in FIG. 1 , or have a different configuration from that shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, for example, software programs and modules of application software, such as computer programs corresponding to the reference signal transmission method in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the processor 102 runs the computer programs stored in the memory 104, thereby Executing various functional applications and slicing processing of the service chain address pool is to realize the above-mentioned method.
  • the memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory.
  • the memory 104 may further include a memory that is remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories may be connected to the mobile terminal through a network. Examples of the aforementioned networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
  • the transmission device 106 is used to receive or transmit data via a network.
  • the specific example of the above network may include a wireless network provided by the communication provider of the mobile terminal.
  • the transmission device 106 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC for short), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet.
  • the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, referred to as RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet in a wireless manner.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • a reference signal transmission method operating on the above-mentioned mobile terminal or network architecture is provided, which is applied to the terminal, and the terminal can access the current master of the source area through a dual connection (Dual Connection, referred to as DC).
  • the node MN cell and the current secondary node SN cell, Fig. 2 is a flowchart 1 of a reference signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in Fig. 2, applied to a terminal, the process includes the following steps:
  • Step S202 receiving reference signal parameters, wherein the reference signal parameters at least include the number P of ports of the reference signal and the modulation and coding method of the reference signal, and the number P of ports of the reference signal is determined according to the modulation and coding method;
  • the modulation and coding schemes include modulation schemes and/or coding schemes.
  • Step S204 receiving a reference signal according to the reference signal parameter.
  • the reference signal is used to process the demodulation of modulation information corresponding to the reference signal, for example, obtain demodulation parameters according to the reference signal, and map the modulation information corresponding to the reference signal according to the demodulation parameters into the modulation symbol group corresponding to the modulation information, and obtain demodulation parameters based on the reference signal, the demodulation parameters can directly map the received modulation information to the modulation symbol or modulation symbol group corresponding to the modulation information, thereby realizing direct decoding For the purpose of modulating information, channel estimation is not required, which further reduces reference signal overhead.
  • the above step S204 may specifically include: determining at least one of the pattern of the reference signal, the sequence of the reference signal, and the time domain category of the reference signal according to the parameters of the reference signal;
  • the reference signal is received on a resource element RE determined by at least one of the pattern, the sequence of the reference signal, and the time domain category of the reference signal; wherein the time domain category of the reference signal includes periodic, aperiodic, semi-periodic continued.
  • modulation information is received; and a modulation symbol or a modulation symbol group corresponding to the modulation information is determined according to the acquired demodulation parameters.
  • the demodulation parameters may be corresponding network parameters in the artificial intelligence model, and the artificial intelligence model can take received modulation information as input, and output modulation symbols or modulation symbol groups corresponding to the modulation information.
  • the reference signal parameters include the number P of ports of the reference signal and a modulation and coding scheme of the reference signal, where the number P of ports of the reference signal is determined according to the modulation and coding scheme.
  • the reference signal parameters include a modulation and coding method and a port number P, where the port number P is determined by the number of modulation symbols M corresponding to the modulation and coding method, P ⁇ M, and P and M are integers greater than 1 .
  • the reference signal parameters include the number of transmitted data streams N, the modulation and coding scheme, and the number of ports P, where the number of ports P consists of the number of data streams N and the number of modulation symbols corresponding to the modulation and coding scheme M is determined, P ⁇ M ⁇ N, P and M are integers greater than 1, N is a positive integer, and ⁇ represents exponential operation.
  • the reference signal is used to demodulate the modulation information corresponding to the reference signal.
  • the demodulation parameters of the artificial intelligence module are obtained according to the training of the reference signal, and according to the demodulation parameters and mapping the modulation information to a modulation symbol group corresponding to the modulation information.
  • the modulation and coding modes corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information are the same; and/or, the precoding corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information are the same; and/or, the reference signal and the modulation information
  • the number of data streams corresponding to the information is the same; and/or, the modulation and encoding methods of the reference signal and the modulation information on each corresponding data stream are the same, and/or the modulation and coding methods corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information
  • the set of symbols is the same.
  • the method further includes: receiving a power ratio parameter A, wherein the power ratio parameter A is the power ratio between transmitting the reference signal and transmitting the information; adjusting according to the power ratio parameter A The power at which the modulated information is received.
  • the modulation information corresponds to one modulation symbol group in the K modulation symbol groups, where the modulation symbol group includes a group of N debugging symbols, where N is the number of data streams corresponding to the modulation information, and the N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and K is an integer greater than 1.
  • the number of reference signal ports corresponding to each modulation symbol group of the K modulation symbol groups is the same, and the number of reference signal ports corresponding to each modulation symbol group is uniform, such as a difference of one or two ports, such as every Each group corresponds to two reference signal ports, one reference signal port may include multiple resource elements RE, and each RE on the reference signal port transmits one modulation symbol group (which may be one modulation symbol).
  • the reference signal includes at least one of a training reference signal and a demodulation reference signal, wherein the training reference signal is used to train the network parameters of the artificial intelligence model, and it is transmitted on a set of REs, such as REs that can be independently divided , which is smaller than the time-domain symbol index corresponding to the RE corresponding to the modulation information.
  • the demodulation reference signal is used to estimate the channel of the RE on the demodulation reference signal, which can be used for demodulation of modulated signals in the usual sense, and can also be used for training artificial intelligence network parameters.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart 2 of a method for transmitting a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3 , it is applied to a base station. The process includes the following steps:
  • Step S302 configuring reference signal parameters, wherein the reference signal parameters at least include the number P of ports of the reference signal and the modulation and coding method of the reference signal, and the number P of ports of the reference signal is determined according to the modulation and coding method;
  • Step S304 sending the reference signal parameters
  • Step S306 sending a reference signal according to the reference signal parameter.
  • reference signal in this embodiment may be used to obtain demodulation parameters.
  • the modulation information is sent; the reference signal is used to instruct the terminal to acquire demodulation parameters; and the modulation information is demodulated according to the demodulation parameters.
  • the reference signal parameters include the number P of ports of the reference signal and a modulation and coding scheme of the reference signal, where the number P of ports of the reference signal can be determined according to the modulation and coding scheme.
  • the reference signal parameters include a modulation and coding method and a port number P, where the port number P is determined by the number of modulation symbols M corresponding to the modulation and coding method, P ⁇ M, and P and M are integers greater than 1 .
  • the reference signal parameters include the number of transmitted data streams N, the modulation and coding scheme, and the number of ports P, where the number of ports P consists of the number of data streams N and the number of modulation symbols corresponding to the modulation and coding scheme M is determined, P ⁇ M ⁇ N, P and M are integers greater than 1, N is a positive integer, and ⁇ represents exponential operation.
  • the reference signal parameters are used by the terminal to determine at least one of a pattern of the reference signal, a sequence of the reference signal, and a time domain category of the reference signal;
  • the time domain category of the reference signal includes periodic, aperiodic, and semi-persistent.
  • the reference signal is used to demodulate the modulation information corresponding to the reference signal, and the modulation and encoding schemes corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information are the same; and/or, the reference signal and the modulation information
  • the corresponding precoding is the same; and/or, the number of data streams corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information is the same; and/or, the modulation coding of the reference signal and the modulation information on each corresponding data stream
  • the manner is the same, and/or the set of modulation symbols corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information are the same.
  • the method also includes:
  • the power ratio parameter A is a power ratio between transmitting the reference signal and transmitting the modulation information
  • the power ratio parameter A is used to instruct the terminal to adjust the power of the modulation information
  • the modulation information corresponds to one modulation symbol group in the K modulation symbol groups, where the modulation symbol group includes a group of N debugging symbols, where N is the number of data streams corresponding to the modulation information, and the N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and K is an integer greater than 1.
  • the number of reference signal ports corresponding to each of the K modulation symbol groups is the same.
  • the reference signal includes at least one of a training reference signal and a demodulation reference signal.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart three of a method for transmitting a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4 , it is applied to a terminal, including:
  • Step S402 receiving a predetermined number of reference signal parameters
  • Step S404 respectively receiving a predetermined number of reference signals according to the predetermined number of reference signal parameters, and receiving modulation information corresponding to the predetermined number of reference signals, wherein each reference signal corresponds to a modulation symbol group, and the The modulation symbol corresponding to the modulation symbol group can be determined by the receiving end according to the agreed method or configured by the sending end, and can be used as a label.
  • One reference signal corresponds to at least one modulation information, and the modulation symbol group corresponding to the modulation information is unknown, and the terminal needs to perform demodulation to obtain its value.
  • Step S406 using the predetermined amount of modulation information and the modulation symbol group corresponding to the reference signal as the input of the artificial intelligence AI model to train the AI model, obtain the network parameters of the AI model, and obtain the trained AI model,
  • the network parameters may also be referred to as demodulation parameters (the demodulation parameters may also be referred to as mapping parameters in this embodiment).
  • the demodulation parameter can map the received modulation information to the modulation symbol group corresponding to the modulation information.
  • a specific example is to use the received modulation information as the input of the trained AI model, then the output of the AI model is the The modulation symbol group corresponding to the modulation signal.
  • the above steps S402 to S406 it is possible to solve the problem of excessive overhead of the demodulation reference signal when demodulating the transmitted modulation information on the estimated channel in the related art through demodulation reference information, using a predetermined number of predetermined
  • the AI model is trained with the reference signal, and the network parameters of the AI model, or demodulation parameters, have been obtained.
  • the demodulation parameters can directly map the received modulation information to the modulation symbol group corresponding to the modulation information, so as to realize direct solution For the purpose of modulating information, channel estimation is not required, and reference signal overhead is reduced.
  • the modulation information is received; the modulation information is input into the trained AI model, and the modulation symbol group corresponding to the modulation information output by the AI model is obtained, In this way, the modulation information is demodulated.
  • the following describes this embodiment by taking the modulation information as control information or data as an example.
  • the receiving of the reference signal in this embodiment includes: receiving a reference signal parameter; determining the reference signal according to the reference signal parameter; receiving the reference signal, wherein the reference signal is used to obtain a mapping relationship from a received signal to a modulation symbol.
  • the reference signal parameters include a modulation and coding scheme and a port number P, the number of ports is determined by the number of modulation symbols M corresponding to the modulation and coding scheme, where P ⁇ M, and P and M are integers greater than 1.
  • the reference signal parameters include the number of data streams N, the modulation and coding scheme, and the number of ports P, and the number of ports is determined by the number of data streams N and the number of modulation symbols M corresponding to the modulation and coding scheme, where P ⁇ M ⁇ N, P and M are integers greater than 1, N is a positive integer, and ⁇ indicates exponent operation.
  • the received signal includes a received reference signal and/or received data; wherein the received data includes at least one of the received physical uplink shared channel, physical downlink shared channel, physical uplink control channel, and physical downlink control channel.
  • At least one of the following is included:
  • modulation and coding schemes corresponding to the reference signal and the data are the same; and/or,
  • the precoding corresponding to the reference signal and the data is the same; and/or,
  • the number of data streams corresponding to the reference signal and the data is the same; and/or,
  • the modulation and encoding manners of the reference signal and data on each corresponding data stream are the same.
  • the power ratio A of the transmission reference signal and the transmission data is used to determine the power of the data according to the power ratio A.
  • the modulation information corresponds to one modulation symbol group in the K modulation symbol groups, where the modulation symbol group includes a combination of N debugging symbols, where N is the number of data streams corresponding to the modulation information, and the N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the K is an integer greater than 1.
  • the reference signal parameters include at least one of the following: a reference signal pattern, a sequence initial value of the reference signal, and a time domain category of the reference signal.
  • the time domain categories of the reference signal include periodic, non-periodic, and semi-persistent.
  • the reference signal includes at least one of a training reference signal and a demodulation reference signal.
  • Transmission includes sending or receiving; terminals can be various mobile devices, such as mobile phones, data cards, notebooks, and various manufacturing equipment in factories; base stations include various macro base stations, micro base stations, home base stations, pico base stations, etc.
  • the downlink is a base station and the uplink is a terminal, and the receiving end is a downlink terminal and an uplink is a base station.
  • transmission signals include at least one of data transmission, control signal transmission, and reference signal transmission, where transmission data includes physical downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH for short) or physical uplink shared channel (Physical UPlink Shared Channel (referred to as PUSCH) data, transmission control signals include physical downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH) or physical uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel, referred to as PUCCH) on the control signal, reference signals include training reference signal and/or demodulation reference signal, wherein the demodulation reference signal is a reference signal used to obtain PUSCH/PDSCH/PUCCH/PDCCH channels in a wireless communication system, and is widely used in LTE (Long Term Evolution), NR and future wireless communications system.
  • transmission data includes physical downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH for short) or physical uplink shared channel (Physical UPlink Shared Channel (referred to as PUSCH) data
  • transmission control signals include physical down
  • the number of data streams in this embodiment refers to the number of data streams transmitted simultaneously in the same time-frequency resource in the multi-send multi-output system, which is also called layer (Layer) or data stream (Stream) in some materials , transport block, channel rank (rank).
  • Layer Layer
  • Stream data stream
  • rank channel rank
  • mapping module includes but is not limited to one of the following: artificial intelligence (AI) module, machine learning module, classification module, clustering module, and other functional modules capable of classifying modulated signals.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • machine learning module machine learning module
  • classification module classification module
  • clustering module clustering module
  • other functional modules capable of classifying modulated signals.
  • the base station configures reference signal parameters, and the reference signal parameters are used to determine the reference signal, for example, the reference signal parameters include the reference signal category, the initial value of the reference signal sequence, and the number of ports P, the modulation and coding method, the order of the corresponding modulation and coding method is M, the precoding matrix, and the corresponding number of data streams N.
  • the time domain category of the reference signal is configured as a periodic periodic reference signal, an aperiodic reference signal, and a semi-persistent semi-persistent reference signal, wherein the periodic reference signal is based on a time slot
  • the non-periodic reference signal is sent once every T cycles, and the terminal needs to be triggered and sent once when needed, while the semi-persistent reference signal is sent every T cycles after a time slot , but it will no longer be sent after deactivation until it is activated again.
  • the reference signal can be a reference signal for training an artificial intelligence module, such as a training reference signal train resource Signal
  • FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a reference signal according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG.
  • a reference signal is sent every T periods, and data or control signaling is transmitted after the reference signal.
  • the initial value of the reference signal sequence is used to generate the reference signal sequence;
  • the modulation and coding methods include but are not limited to Binary Phase Shift Keying (Binary Phase Shift Keying, referred to as BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, referred to as QPSK), M-order quadrature amplitude modulation (M-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, referred to as M-QAM), including 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, 2048QAM, the corresponding number of modulation symbols is 2, 4, 16, 64, 256, 1024, 2048, the corresponding modulation order R is 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12.
  • the number of modulation symbols here may also be other positive integers, such as 8, 32 and so on.
  • the number of data streams indicates the number of data streams transmitted at the same time, and N may be a positive integer, such as a positive integer less than or equal to 8.
  • the number of data streams is the number of data streams transmitted by the base station at the same time, which can be different layers of the same user, or MU-MIMO (Multiple User-Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output) composed of multiple users.
  • Each layer can correspond to a different modulation and coding method.
  • N data streams correspond to two transmission blocks.
  • the modulation and coding methods of the layers in each transmission block are the same, and the modulation and coding methods of the layers corresponding to different transmission blocks are different.
  • the signal it transmits in each data stream is one of the M modulation symbols.
  • the modulation code whose modulation order is R mode including 2 ⁇ R modulation symbols, where R is the number of bits that can be represented by one symbol of the modulation and coding mode.
  • the terminal receives the reference signal parameters configured by the base station, determines a pattern for receiving the reference signal according to the reference signal parameters, receives a time slot, and receives the reference signal on the RE corresponding to the reference signal pattern. And determine the number of modulation symbols of the reference signal, the number of ports, the number of transmitted data streams, the modulation and coding mode of each data stream, precoding and other information according to the parameters of the reference signal. According to the modulation and coding mode and the number of transmitted data streams, the mapping relationship between the reference signal and the modulation symbol is obtained.
  • At least one base station and one terminal are included.
  • the base station sends a data stream.
  • the modulation and coding method used for the reference signal is QPSK
  • each RE transmits one of the four modulation symbols.
  • the method can also be used in other modulation and coding methods without limitation, such as 16QAM, 64QAM, etc., and the corresponding M is the number of modulation symbols corresponding to the modulation and coding method.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of AI-based data transmission according to this embodiment.
  • the terminal receives the reference signal parameters and determines the reference signal based on it, including the reference signal Pattern, receiving time slot, and sequence, so as to determine which modulation symbol is transmitted on each RE for labeling.
  • mapping module such as an AI module, a machine learning module, a deep learning module, and other modules with classification or mapping functions, and input it into the mapping module according to y j and its corresponding label q j , Therefore, y j is mapped to one of the M categories, and each category of the M categories corresponds to a modulation symbol.
  • the base station After obtaining the mapping module parameters, the base station will transmit data, the transmitted data includes but not limited to one of PDSCH/PDCCH, for uplink, then the terminal transmits data, including but not limited to PUSCH, PUCCH.
  • the modulation symbol of the received data y i can be obtained directly through the mapping module.
  • the A needs to be sent to the receiving end, and the receiving end multiplies the A by yi as a mapping input to the module.
  • the ratio of the signal quality P1 of the user receiving the reference signal to the signal quality P2 of the receiving data is A, and multiplying A by yi is used as the input of the module mapping.
  • Signal quality can be received power, received signal-to-noise ratio, and received signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio.
  • At least one base station and one terminal are included.
  • the base station sends N data streams.
  • the modulation and coding method used for the reference signal on each stream is QPSK, then it transmits 4 data streams on each RE.
  • One of the modulation symbols, such as Q4, i, for the sake of simplicity, the subscript 4 is omitted here, and it is recorded as Q i , i 1,..., M, and the value of M is 4.
  • the method in this embodiment can also be used in other modulation and coding schemes without limitation, such as 16QAM, 64QAM, etc., and the corresponding M is the number of modulation symbols corresponding to the modulation and coding scheme.
  • the terminal After the base station sends the reference signal parameters and the reference signal, the terminal receives the reference signal parameters and determines the reference signal based on it, including the reference signal pattern, receiving time slot, and sequence, so as to determine which modulation symbol is transmitted on each RE for Make a label.
  • the kth element of the vector Y j can be expressed as Among them, h j, k, i represent the channel from the i-th transmit antenna to the k-th receive antenna of H j respectively, q j, i represent the modulation symbols on the i-th element of R j , n j, k represent N j the kth element.
  • the base station After obtaining the mapping module parameters, the base station will transmit data, the transmitted data includes but not limited to one of PDSCH/PDCCH, for uplink, then the terminal transmits data, including but not limited to PUSCH, PUCCH.
  • the data stream here may be multiple data streams in single-user MIMO or multi-user MIMO.
  • the number of modulation symbol groups K M ⁇ N, where ⁇ represents an exponential operation.
  • the number of reference signal ports P> K, preferably P is an integer multiple of K.
  • the transmission power of the reference signal and the transmission power of the data are different, for example, their ratio is A
  • the A needs to be sent to the receiving end, and the receiving end multiplies the A by y j, k is used as the input of the mapping module.
  • Signal quality can be received power, received signal-to-noise ratio, and received signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio.
  • the modulation symbol group restored by the receiving antenna, or the modulation symbol group directed to by the multiple receiving antennas is used as the demodulation of the data on the N data streams.
  • At least one base station and one terminal are included.
  • the base station sends N data streams.
  • the modulation and coding methods used for the reference signal on each stream can be different.
  • the terminal After the base station sends the reference signal parameters and the reference signal, the terminal receives the reference signal parameters and determines the reference signal based on it, including the reference signal pattern, receiving time slot, and sequence, so as to determine which modulation symbol is transmitted on each RE for Make a label.
  • the kth element of the vector Y j can be expressed as Among them, h j, k, i represent the channel from the i-th transmit antenna to the k-th receive antenna of H j respectively, q j, i represent the modulation symbols on the i-th element of R j , n j, k represent N j the kth element.
  • the base station After obtaining the mapping module parameters, the base station will transmit data, the transmitted data includes but not limited to one of PDSCH/PDCCH, for uplink, then the terminal transmits data, including but not limited to PUSCH, PUCCH.
  • the data streams here can be multiple data streams in single-user MIMO or multi-user MIMO.
  • the number of reference signal ports P ⁇ K, preferably, P is an integer multiple of K.
  • the transmission power of the reference signal and the transmission power of the data are different, for example, their ratio is A
  • the A needs to be sent to the receiving end, and the receiving end multiplies the A by y j , k as the input of the mapping module.
  • Signal quality can be received power, received signal-to-noise ratio, and received signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio.
  • the modulation symbol group restored by the receiving antenna, or the modulation symbol group directed to by the multiple receiving antennas is used as the demodulation of the data on the N data streams.
  • the reference signal sent by the sending end may be a training reference signal, such as a new reference signal designed for training the parameters of the mapping module, or a currently existing demodulation reference signal, such as NR, LTE and future
  • the DMRS in the communication system is used to estimate the channel on the RE where the DMRS is located.
  • the channel Hd on the RE carrying the transmission data or control signal is obtained through interpolation and other methods, and according to the channel Hd on the RE carrying the transmission data or control signal.
  • the channel Hd on the channel demodulates the data or control signal.
  • the DMRS can be used to train the parameters of the mapping module, wherein the modulation and coding mode of the DMRS is the same as the modulation and coding mode of the data, the number of transmitted data streams is the same, and/or the precoding is the same.
  • the DMRS corresponding to different users can be configured with the same number of ports, the same pattern, and the same initial sequence value.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram 1 of an apparatus for transmitting a reference signal according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7 , it is applied to a terminal, including:
  • the first receiving module 72 is configured to receive reference signal parameters, wherein the reference signal parameters at least include the port number P of the reference signal and the modulation and coding method of the reference signal, and the port number P of the reference signal is based on the modulation The encoding method is determined;
  • the second receiving module 74 is configured to receive the reference signal according to the reference signal parameter.
  • the device also includes:
  • a third receiving module configured to receive the modulation information
  • the demodulation module is configured to determine a modulation symbol corresponding to the modulation information according to the acquired demodulation parameters.
  • the reference signal parameters include the number P of ports of the reference signal and a modulation and coding scheme of the reference signal, where the number P of ports of the reference signal is determined according to the modulation and coding scheme.
  • the reference signal parameters include a modulation and coding method and a port number P, where the port number P is determined by the number of modulation symbols M corresponding to the modulation and coding method, P ⁇ M, and P and M are integers greater than 1 .
  • the reference signal parameters include the number of transmitted data streams N, the modulation and coding scheme, and the number of ports P, where the number of ports P consists of the number of data streams N and the number of modulation symbols corresponding to the modulation and coding scheme M is determined, P ⁇ M ⁇ N, P and M are integers greater than 1, N is a positive integer, and ⁇ represents exponential operation.
  • the second receiving module 74 includes:
  • a determining submodule configured to determine at least one of the pattern of the reference signal, the sequence of the reference signal, and the time domain category of the reference signal according to the reference signal parameters;
  • the time domain category of the reference signal includes periodic, aperiodic, and semi-persistent.
  • the reference signal is used to demodulate the modulation information corresponding to the reference signal, further, the modulation and coding schemes corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information are the same; and/or, the reference signal and the modulation information
  • the precoding corresponding to the modulation information is the same; and/or, the number of data streams corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information is the same; and/or, the reference signal and the modulation information are on each corresponding data stream
  • the modulation and coding schemes of the reference signals are the same, and/or the modulation symbol sets corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information are the same.
  • the device also includes:
  • the fourth receiving module is configured to receive a power ratio parameter A, wherein the power ratio parameter A is a power ratio for transmitting the reference signal and transmitting the modulation information;
  • An adjustment module configured to adjust the power of the modulation information according to the power ratio parameter A.
  • the modulation information corresponds to one modulation symbol group in the K modulation symbol groups, where the modulation symbol group includes a combination of N debugging symbols, where N is the number of data streams corresponding to the modulation information, and the N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and K is an integer greater than 1.
  • the number of reference signal ports corresponding to each of the K modulation symbol groups is the same.
  • the reference signal includes at least one of a training reference signal and a demodulation reference signal.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram 2 of a reference signal transmission device according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8 , it is applied to a base station, including:
  • the configuration module 82 is configured to configure reference signal parameters, wherein the reference signal parameters include at least the number P of ports of the reference signal and the modulation and coding method of the reference signal, and the number P of ports of the reference signal is based on the modulation and coding method Sure;
  • the first sending module 84 is configured to send the reference signal parameters
  • the second sending module 86 is configured to send the reference signal according to the reference signal parameter.
  • the device also includes:
  • the third sending module is configured to send the modulation information; the reference signal is used to instruct the terminal to obtain demodulation parameters corresponding to the modulation information; and demodulate the modulation information according to the demodulation parameters .
  • the reference signal parameters include the number P of ports of the reference signal and a modulation and coding scheme of the reference signal, where the number P of ports of the reference signal is determined according to the modulation and coding scheme.
  • the reference signal parameters include a modulation and coding method and a port number P, where the port number P is determined by the number of modulation symbols M corresponding to the modulation and coding method, P ⁇ M, and P and M are integers greater than 1 .
  • the reference signal parameters include the number of transmitted data streams N, the modulation and coding scheme, and the number of ports P, where the number of ports P consists of the number of data streams N and the number of modulation symbols corresponding to the modulation and coding scheme M is determined, P ⁇ M ⁇ N, P and M are integers greater than 1, N is a positive integer, and ⁇ represents exponential operation.
  • the reference signal parameters are used by the terminal to determine at least one of a pattern of the reference signal, a sequence of the reference signal, and a time domain category of the reference signal;
  • the time domain category of the reference signal includes periodic, aperiodic, and semi-persistent.
  • the reference signal is used to demodulate the modulation information corresponding to the reference signal, further, the modulation and coding schemes corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information are the same; and/or, the reference signal and the modulation information
  • the precoding corresponding to the modulation information is the same; and/or, the number of data streams corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information is the same; and/or, the reference signal and the modulation information are on each corresponding data stream
  • the modulation and coding schemes of the reference signals are the same, and/or the modulation symbol sets corresponding to the reference signal and the modulation information are the same.
  • the device also includes:
  • a fourth sending module configured to send a power ratio parameter A to the terminal, where the power ratio parameter A is a power ratio for transmitting the reference signal and transmitting the modulation information, and the power ratio parameter A is used to indicate The terminal adjusts the power of the modulation information.
  • the modulation information corresponds to one modulation symbol group in the K modulation symbol groups, where the modulation symbol group includes a combination of N debugging symbols, where N is the number of data streams corresponding to the modulation information, and the N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and K is an integer greater than 1.
  • the number of reference signal ports corresponding to each of the K modulation symbol groups is the same.
  • the reference signal includes at least one of a training reference signal and a demodulation reference signal.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments when running.
  • the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium may include but not limited to: U disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, referred to as RAM) , mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store computer programs.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • mobile hard disk magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store computer programs.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments.
  • the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input and output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor, and the input and output device is connected to the processor.
  • each module or each step of the above-mentioned disclosure can be realized by a general-purpose computing device, and they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed in a network composed of multiple computing devices In fact, they can be implemented in program code executable by a computing device, and thus, they can be stored in a storage device to be executed by a computing device, and in some cases, can be executed in an order different from that shown here. Or described steps, or they are fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps among them are fabricated into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. As such, the present disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

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Abstract

本公开实施例提供了一种参考信号的传输方法及装置，该方法包括：接收参考信号参数，其中，该参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和该参考信号的调制编码方式，该参考信号的端口数目P根据该调制编码方式确定，根据该参考信号参数接收参考信号，可以解决相关技术通过解调参考信号进行信道估计，在估计的信道上解调传输的调制信息时，存在解调参考信号开销过大的问题。

Description

一种参考信号的传输方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开基于2021年09月02日提交的发明名称为“一种参考信号的传输方法及装置”的中国专利申请CN202111028814.2，并且要求该专利申请的优先权，通过引用将其所公开的内容全部并入本公开。
技术领域
本公开实施例涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种参考信号的传输方法及装置。
背景技术
在无线通信系统中，需要传输调制信息，其中调制信息包括数据和/或者控制信息，数据主要在物理下行共享信道(Physical Downlink Shared Channel，简称为PDSCH)或者物理上行共享信道(Physical UPlink Shared Channel，简称为PUSCH)上传输，控制信息主要在物理下行控制信道(Physical Downlink Control Channel，简称为PDCCH)或物理上行控制信道(Physical Uplink Control Channel，简称为PUCCH)上传输，为了接收调制信息，需要发送端发送解调参考信号(Demodulation Reference Signal，简称为DMRS)，接收端接收DMRS，并根据DMRS估计DMRS所在资源元素(Resource Element，简称为RE)上的信道，根据DMRS所在的RE通过插值等方法获得承载传输所述调制信息的RE上的信道Hd，并根据所述信道Hd对所述的调制信息进行解调。但这种方法在移动速度很快，比如超过120公里每小时，或者传输控制信息或者数据的RE集合比较小的等情况下，DMRS的开销的占比很大。
针对相关技术通过解调参考信号进行信道估计，在估计的信道上解调传输的调制信息，存在解调参考信号开销过大的问题，尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供了一种参考信号的传输方法及装置，以至少解决相关技术通过解调参考信号进行信道估计，在估计的信道上解调传输的调制信息时，存在解调参考信号开销过大的问题。
根据本公开的一个实施例，提供了一种参考信号的传输方法，包括：
接收参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
根据所述参考信号参数接收参考信号；
根据所述参考信号获取解调参数。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，还提供了一种参考信号的传输方法，应用于基站，包括：
配置参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
发送所述参考信号参数；
根据所述参考信号参数发送参考信号。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，还提供了一种参考信号的传输装置，应用于终端，包括：
第一接收模块，设置为接收参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
第二接收模块，设置为根据所述参考信号参数接收参考信号。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，还提供了一种参考信号的传输装置，应用于基站，包括：
配置模块，设置为配置参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
第一发送模块，设置为发送所述参考信号参数；
第二发送模块，设置为根据所述参考信号参数发送参考信号。
根据本公开的又一个实施例，还提供了一种计算机可读的存储介质，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
根据本公开的又一个实施例，还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器中存储有计算机程序，所述处理器被设置为运行所述计算机程序以执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
附图说明
图1是本公开实施例的参考信号的传输方法的移动终端的硬件结构框图；
图2是根据本公开实施例的参考信号的传输方法的流程图一；
图3是根据本公开实施例的参考信号的传输方法的流程图二；
图4是根据本公开实施例的参考信号的传输方法的流程图三；
图5是根据本实施例的参考信号的结构框图；
图6是根据本实施例的基于AI的数据传输的示意图；
图7是根据本实施例的参考信号的传输装置的框图一；
图8是根据本实施例的参考信号的传输装置的框图二。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本公开的实施例。
需要说明的是，本公开的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
需要说明的是，在本公开实施例中，终端可以包括手机、数据块、笔记本、工厂的各种可移动的制造设备。本公开实施例对此不做特殊限定。基站可以包括各种宏基站、微基站、家庭基站、微微基站。本公开实施例对此也不做特殊限定。
在本公开实施例中，传输包括发送或接收；
在本公开实施例中，调制编码方式包括调制方式和/或编码方式，其中调制方式包括但不限于二进制相移键控(Binary Phase Shift Keying，简称为BPSK)，四相相移键控(QuadraturePhase Shift Keying，简称为QPSK)，M阶正交幅度调制(M-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation， 简称为M-QAM)，包括16QAM，64QAM，256QAM，1024QAM，2048QAM，对应的调制符号数为2，4，16，64，256，1024，2048，对应的调制阶数R为1，2，4，6，8，10，12。这里的调制符号数也可以是其它的正整数，比如8，32等，本实施例不对它做限制。
在本公开实施例中，调制符号组包括至少一个调制符号，即可以是调制信息对应的调制符号，或者调制信息对应的一组调制符号，其中一组调制符号包括至少一个调制符号。比如调制信息用包括M个调制符号的某种调制方式调制，那么一个调制符号对应着这M个调制符号中的一种。如果是调制信息同时用N个数据流传输的，那么就对应一个调制符号组，包括(S 1，S 2，...，S N)，其中Si对应M个调制符号中的一个，所述调制符号组为K个调制符号组中的一个，K＝M^N。当然，调制符号组中的每个数据对应的调制方式也可以不同。
在本公开实施例中，人工智能模块可以是一个映射模块或者分类模块，或者聚类模块，可以将输入的调制信息映射到它对应的调制符号或者调制符号组中，其中人工智能模块也可以是其它相同功能的模块，只要实现相同的功能都在本方案保护范围内。在没有特别说明的情况下，调制符号组包括自有一个调制符号的情况。
在本公开实施例中，调制信息包括数据或者控制信息，为了传输数据或者控制信息，一般都先对它们对应的比特信息流进行信道编码，信道编码后的比特流映射到星座图中的调制符号上，一个或者多个调符号也可以组成一个调制符号组，代表着多个数据流上的调制信息的调制符号的组合。
本公开实施例中所提供的方法实施例可以在移动终端、计算机终端或者类似的运算装置中执行。以运行在移动终端上为例，图1是本公开实施例的参考信号的传输方法的移动终端的硬件结构框图，如图1所示，移动终端可以包括一个或多个(图1中仅示出一个)处理器102(处理器102可以包括但不限于微处理器MCU或可编程逻辑器件FPGA等的处理装置)和用于存储数据的存储器104，其中，上述移动终端还可以包括用于通信功能的传输设备106以及输入输出设备108。本领域普通技术人员可以理解，图1所示的结构仅为示意，其并不对上述移动终端的结构造成限定。例如，移动终端还可包括比图1中所示更多或者更少的组件，或者具有与图1所示不同的配置。
存储器104可用于存储计算机程序，例如，应用软件的软件程序以及模块，如本公开实施例中的参考信号的传输方法对应的计算机程序，处理器102通过运行存储在存储器104内的计算机程序，从而执行各种功能应用以及业务链地址池切片处理，即实现上述的方法。存储器104可包括高速随机存储器，还可包括非易失性存储器，如一个或者多个磁性存储装置、闪存、或者其他非易失性固态存储器。在一些实例中，存储器104可进一步包括相对于处理器102远程设置的存储器，这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至移动终端。上述网络的实例包括但不限于互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。
传输装置106用于经由一个网络接收或者发送数据。上述的网络具体实例可包括移动终端的通信供应商提供的无线网络。在一个实例中，传输装置106包括一个网络适配器(NetworkInterface Controller，简称为NIC)，其可通过基站与其他网络设备相连从而可与互联网进行通讯。在一个实例中，传输装置106可以为射频(Radio Frequency，简称为RF)模块，其用于通过无线方式与互联网进行通讯。
在本实施例中提供了一种运行于上述移动终端或网络架构的参考信号的传输方法，应用于终端，所述终端可以通过双连接(Dual Connection，简称为DC)接入源区域的当前主节 点MN小区与当前辅节点SN小区，图2是根据本公开实施例的参考信号的传输方法的流程图一，如图2所示，应用于终端，该流程包括如下步骤：
步骤S202，接收参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
本实施例中，调制编码方式包括调制方式和/或编码方式。
步骤S204，根据所述参考信号参数接收参考信号。
进一步的，所述参考信号用于处理所述参考信号对应的调制信息的解调，比如，根据所述参考信号获取解调参数，并根据所述的解调参数将参考信号对应的调制信息映射到调制信息对应的调制符号组中，基于参考信号获取解调参数，所述解调参数可以直接将接收到的调制信息映射到所述调制信息对应的调制符号或调制符号组，从而实现直接解调调制信息的目的，无需信道估计，进一步降低了参考信号开销。
本实施例中，上述步骤S204具体可以包括：根据所述参考信号参数确定所述参考信号的图样、所述参考信号的序列以及所述参考信号的时域类别至少之一；在所述参考信号的图样、所述参考信号的序列以及所述参考信号的时域类别至少之一确定的资源元素RE上接收所述参考信号；其中，所述参考信号的时域类别包括周期、非周期、半持续。
通过上述步骤S202至S204，可以解决相关技术通过解调参考信号进行信道估计，在估计的信道上解调传输的调制信息时，存在解调参考信号开销过大的问题，通过参考信号参数接收参考信号，参考信号用于处理参考信号对应的调制信息的解调，从而实现直接解调调制信息的目的，无需信道估计，降低了参考信号开销。
在一实施例中，在上述步骤S204之后，接收调制信息；根据获取的解调参数确定所述调制信息对应的调制符号或调制符号组。其中，作为一个优选的方案，解调参数可以为人工智能模型中对应的网络参数，人工智能模型能将接收的调制信息作为输入，并输出调制信息对应的调制符号或调制符号组。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，其中，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中，所述端口数目P由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，P≥M，且P和M为大于1的整数。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括传输的数据流数N、调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中，所述端口数目P由所述数据流数N和所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，P≥M^N，P和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括数据流数N、调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中，所述端口数目P由N个数据流上的所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M i确定，P≥M 1*M 2*...*M N，P和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，...，N，N为正整数。
可选地，所述参考信号用于解调所述参考信号对应的调制信息，在一个实施例中，根据所述参考信号训练获得人工智能模块的解调参数，并根据所述的解调参数将所述调制信息映射到所述调制信息对应的调制符号组。进一步的，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的调制编码方式相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的预编码相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的数据流数相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息在每个对应的数据流上的调制编码方式相同，和/或所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的调制符号集合相 同。
在另一实施例中，所述方法还包括：接收功率比参数A，其中，所述功率比参数A为传输所述参考信号和传输所述信息的功率比；根据所述功率比参数A调整接收所述调制信息的功率。
可选地，所述调制信息对应K个调制符号组中的一个调制符号组，其中，所述调制符号组包括N个调试符号的组，所述N为调制信息对应的数据流数，所述N为大于或等于1的整数，所述K为大于1的整数。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，其中，K＝M。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M和传输的数据流数N确定，其中，K＝M^N，K和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由N个数据流上的调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M i确定，其中，K＝M 1*M 2*...*M N，K和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，...，N，N为正整数。
可选地，K个所述调制符号组的每个调制符号组所对应的参考信号端口数相同，每个调制符号组对应的参考信号端口数是均匀的，比如相差一两个端口，比如每个组对应2个参考信号端口，一个参考信号端口可以包括多个资源元素RE，每个参考信号端口上的RE传输一个调制符号组(可以是一个调制符号)。
可选地，所述参考信号包括训练参考信号、解调参考信号至少之一，其中训练参考信号用于训练人工智能模型的网络参数，它在一个RE集合上传输，比如可以独立划分出来的RE，比调制信息对应的RE对应的时域符号索引小。而解调参考信号是用于估计解调参考信号上的RE的信道的，可以用于通常意义上的调制信号的解调，也可以用于训练人工智能网络参数。
根据本实施例的另一方面，还提供了一种参考信号的传输方法，图3是根据本公开实施例的参考信号的传输方法的流程图二，如图3所示，应用于基站，该流程包括如下步骤：
步骤S302，配置参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
步骤S304，发送所述参考信号参数；
步骤S306，根据所述参考信号参数发送参考信号。
进一步的，本实施例中的参考信号可以用于获取解调参数。
通过上述步骤S302至S306，可以解决相关技术通过解调参考信号进行信道估计，在估计的信道上解调传输的调制信息时，存在解调参考信号开销过大的问题，通过参考信号参数接收参考信号，参考信号用于处理参考信号对应的调制信息的解调，从而实现直接解调调制信息的目的，无需信道估计，降低了参考信号开销。
在一实施例中，在上述步骤S306之后，发送所述调制信息；所述参考信号，用于指示所述终端获取解调参数；并根据所述解调参数对所述调制信息进行解调。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，其中所述参考信号的端口数目P可以根据所述调制编码方式确定。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中，所述端口数目P由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，P≥M，且P和M为大于1的整数。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括传输的数据流数N、调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中， 所述端口数目P由所述数据流数N和所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，P≥M^N，P和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括数据流数N、调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中，所述端口数目P由N个数据流上的所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数Mi确定，P≥M 1*M 2*...*M N，P和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，...，N，N为正整数。
可选地，所述参考信号参数，用于所述终端确定所述参考信号的图样、所述参考信号的序列以及所述参考信号的时域类别至少之一；
在所述参考信号的图样、所述参考信号的序列以及所述参考信号的时域类别至少之一确定的资源元素RE上接收所述参考信号；
其中，所述参考信号的时域类别包括周期、非周期、半持续。
可选地，所述参考信号用于解调所述参考信号对应的调制信息，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的调制编码方式相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的预编码相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的数据流数相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息在每个对应的数据流上的调制编码方式相同，和/或所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的调制符号集合相同。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
发送功率比参数A，其中，所述功率比参数A为传输所述参考信号和传输所述调制信息的功率比，所述功率比参数A用于指示所述终端调整所述调制信息的功率。
可选地，所述调制信息对应K个调制符号组中的一个调制符号组，其中，所述调制符号组包括N个调试符号的组，所述N为调制信息对应的数据流数，所述N为大于或等于1的整数，所述K为大于1的整数。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，其中，K＝M。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M和传输的数据流数N确定，其中，K＝M^N，K和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由N个数据流上的调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M i确定，其中，K＝M 1*M 2*...*M N，K和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，...，N，N为正整数。
可选地，K个所述调制符号组的每个调制符号组所对应的参考信号端口数相同。
可选地，所述参考信号包括训练参考信号、解调参考信号至少之一。
本实施例中，还提供了一种参考信号的传输方法，图4是根据本公开实施例的参考信号的传输方法的流程图三，如图4所示，应用于终端，包括：
步骤S402，接收预定数量的参考信号参数；
步骤S404，分别根据所述预定数量的参考信号参数接收预定数量的参考信号，并接收所述预定数量的参考信号对应的调制信息，其中，每个参考信号对应一个调制符号组，且所述的调制符号组对应的调制符号可以根据约定的方式是接收端根据约定的方式，或者发送端配置的方式确定，可以作为标签。
一个参考信号对应至少一个调制信息，而调制信息对应的调制符号组是未知的，需要终端进行解调以获取其取值。
步骤S406，使用所述预定数量的调制信息以及参考信号对应的调制符号组作为人工智能 AI模型的输入对所述AI模型进行训练，获得所述AI模型的网络参数，得到训练好的AI模型，其中，网络参数也可以称为解调参数(本实施例中解调参数也可以称为映射参数)。所述解调参数可以将接收的调制信息映射到所述调制信息对应的调制符号组，一个具体的示例是将接收的调制信息作为训练好的AI模型的输入，那么AI模型的输出就是所述调制信号对应的调制符号组。
通过上述步骤S402至S406，可以解决相关技术通过解调参考信息进行信道估计，在估计的信道上解调传输的调制信息时，存在解调参考信号开销过大的问题，使用预定数量的预定数量的参考信号训练AI模型，已得到AI模型的网络参数，或者叫解调参数，所述解调参数可以直接将接收到的调制信息映射到所述调制信息对应的调制符号组，从而实现直接解调调制信息的目的，无需信道估计，降低了参考信号开销。
在一实施例中，在上述步骤S406之后，接收所述调制信息；将所述调制信息输入训练好的所述AI模型中，得到所述AI模型输出的所述调制信息对应的调制符号组，从而实现对所述调制信息进行解调。
下面以调制信息为控制信息或数据为例，对本实施例进行说明。
本实施例中参考信号的接收包括：接收参考信号参数；根据参考信号参数确定参考信号；接收参考信号，其中所述参考信号用于获取接收信号到调制符号的映射关系。
进一步地，所述参考信号参数包括调制编码方式和端口数目P，所述端口个数由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，其中P≥M，且P和M为大于1的整数。
进一步地，所述参考信号参数包括数据流数N、调制编码方式和端口数目P，所述端口个数由数据流数N和调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，其中，P≥M^N，P和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
进一步地，所述参考信号参数包括数据流数N、调制编码方式和端口数目P，所述端口个数由N个数据流上的调制编码方式对应的调制符号数Mi确定，其中，P≥M 1*M 2*...*M N，P和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，...，N，N为正整数。
进一步地，所述接收信号包括接收参考信号和/或接收数据；其中，接收数据包括接收的物理上行共享信道，物理下行共享信道，物理上行控制信道，物理下行控制信道中的至少一种。
优选地，包括以下至少之一：
所述参考信号和数据对应的调制编码方式相同；和/或，
所述参考信号和数据对应的预编码相同；和/或，
所述参考信号和数据对应的数据流数相同；和/或，
所述参考信号和数据在每个对应的数据流上的调制编码方式相同。
优选地，传输参考信号和传输数据的功率比A，根据功率比A确定所述数据的功率。
进一步地，所述调制信息对应K个调制符号组中的一个调制符号组，其中，所述调制符号组包括N个调试符号的组合，所述N为调制信息对应的数据流数，所述N为大于或等于1的整数，所述K为大于1的整数。
优选地，所述调制符号组个数K由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，其中，K＝M；
优选地，所述调制符号组个数K由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M和传输的数据流数 N确定，其中，其中，K＝M^N，K和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算；
优选地，所述调制符号组个数K由N个数据流上的调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M i确定，其中，K＝M 1*M 2*...*M N，K和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，...，N，N为正整数。
优选地，所述参考信号参数包括以下至少之一：参考信号的图样，参考信号的序列初始值，参考信号的时域类别。其中参考信号的时域类别包括周期、非周期、半持续。
优选地，所述参考信号包括训练参考信号、解调参考信号至少之一。
本实施例中的索引Index、指示器Indicator是可以相互替换的。传输包括发送或接收；终端可以是各种移动的设备，比如手机，数据卡，笔记本，工厂的各种制造设备；基站包括各种宏基站，微基站，家庭基站，微微基站等，发送端在下行链路中是基站，在上行链路中是终端，而接收端在下行链路中是终端，在上行链路中是基站。在本说明书中传输信号包括为了传输数据或者传输控制信号、传输参考信号中的至少一种，其中传输数据包括物理下行共享信道(Physical Downlink Shared Channel，简称为PDSCH)或者物理上行共享信道(Physical UPlink Shared Channel，简称为PUSCH)上的数据，传输控制信号包括物理下行控制信道(Physical Downlink Control Channel，PDCCH)或物理上行控制信道(PhysicalUplink Control Channel，简称为PUCCH)上控制信号，参考信号包括训练参考信号和/或解调参考信号，其中解调参考信号是无线通信系统中用于获取PUSCH/PDSCH/PUCCH/PDCCH信道的参考信号，广泛用于LTE(Long Term Evolution)、NR以及未来的无线通信系统。
本实施例中的数据流个数是指多发送多输出系统中在相同的时频资源中同时传输的数据流个数，在有的资料中也叫层(Layer)，或者数据流(Stream)，传输块，信道秩(rank)。
本文说的映射模块包括但不限于以下之一：人工智能(AI)模块，机器学习模块，分类模块，聚类模块，以及其它的能将调制信号进行分类的功能模块。
在一个无线通信系统中，包括至少一个基站和一个终端，基站配置参考信号参数，所述参考信号参数用于确定参考信号，比如参考信号参数中包括参考信号类别，参考信号序列初始值，端口数目P，调制编码方式，它对应的调制编码方式阶数为M，预编码矩阵，对应的数据流数N。其中，参考信号的时域类别以配置为周期性的periodic参考信号，非周期性的aperiodic参考信号，半持续性的semi-persistent参考信号，其中，周期性的参考信号，是以在一个时隙偏置后每隔T个周期发送一次，而非周期性的参考信号，需要终端在需要的时候触发后发送一次，而半持续性的参考信号是在一个时隙后每隔T个周期发送一次，但在去激活后就不再发送了，直到再次被激活。这里参考信号可以是用于训练人工智能模块参考信号，比如训练参考信号train resource Signal，图5是根据本实施例的参考信号的结构框图，如图5所示，在一个偏置后开始，每隔T个周期发送一次参考信号，在参考信号后传输数据或者控制信令。参考信号的序列初始值，用于生成参考信号序列；调制编码方式包括但不限于二进制相移键控(Binary Phase Shift Keying，简称为BPSK)，四相相移键控(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying，简称为QPSK)，M阶正交幅度调制(M-QuadratureAmplitude Modulation，简称为M-QAM)，包括16QAM，64QAM，256QAM，1024QAM，2048QAM，对应的调制符号数为2，4，16，64，256，1024，2048，对应的调制阶数R为1，2，4，6，8，10，12。这里的调制符号数也可以是其它的正整数，比如8，32等。数据流数表示同时传输的数据流的个数，N可以为正整数，比如小于等于8的正整数。其中，数据流数为基站同时传输的数据 流的个数，可以是同一个用户的不同层，也可以是多个用户构成的MU-MIMO(Multiple User-Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output)。每个层可以对应不同的调制编码方式，N个数据流对应两个传输块，每个传输块内的层调制编码方式相同，而不同传输块对应的层对应的调制编码方式不同。
对于调制符号数为M的调制编码方式，通常来说，它在每个数据流传输的信号是这M个调制符号中的一种，比如QPSK的调制符号有4个，分别为Q 4，i，i＝1，2，3，4而16QAM，对应着的调制符号有16个，分别为Q 16，i，i＝1，...，16，依次类推，调制阶数为R的调制编码方式，包括2^R个调制符号，其中R为所述调制编码方式一个符号能表示的比特个数。调制阶数和调试符号个数是一一对应的，调制阶数R和调试符号数M的关系为R＝log2(M)，其中，log2为以2为底的对数。调制符号中每个符号都是一个复数，代表星座图中的一个点，有时也称为星座点。
终端接收基站配置的参考信号参数，并根据所述参考信号参数确定接收参考信号的图样，接收时隙，在参考信号图样对应的RE上接收所述参考信号。并根据参考信号参数确定参考信号的调制符号个数，端口个数，传输的数据流个数，每个数据流上的调制编码方式，预编码等信息。根据调制编码方式和传输的数据流个数，获取参考信号到调制符号的映射关系。
在本实施例中，包括至少一个基站和一个终端，基站发送的是一个数据流，假设参考信号用的调制编码方式为QPSK，那么它每个RE上传输的都是4个调制符号中的一种，比如为Q4，i，为了简单起见，这里省去了下标4，记做Q i，i＝1，...，M，M取值为4，需要说明的是，本实施例中的方法也可以用到其它调制编码方式，并不做限制，比如16QAM，64QAM等等，对应的M为所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号个数。图6是根据本实施例的基于AI的数据传输的示意图，如图6所示，基站在发送参考信号参数和参考信号后，终端接收参考信号参数，并根据它确定参考信号，包括参考信号的图样，接收时隙，序列，从而确定每个RE上传输的是哪个调制符号用于做标签。终端接收参考信号，比如记做y j＝h jq j+n j，其中y j，h j，q j，n j分别表示传输参考信号的第j个RE上的接收参考信号，信道，调制符号(为M个调制符号Q i，i＝1，...，M中的一个)，干扰噪声。将所述接收信号输入到映射模块，比如AI模块，机器学习模块，深度学习模块，以及其它的具有分类或者映射功能的模块，根据y j和它对应的标签q j，将它输入映射模块，从而将y j映射到M个分类中的一种，M个分类中每个分类对应一种调制符号。通过多个样本的训练获得映射模块的参数，比如AI对应的神经网络参数的取值，j＝1，...，Nc，Nc为基站配置的参考信号所占的RE个数。
在获取所述映射模块参数后，基站会传输数据，传输的数据包括但不限于PDSCH/PDCCH中的一种，对于上行链路，那么就是终端传输数据，包括但不限于PUSCH，PUCCH。发送端发送的数据在第i个RE上的值为y i，由于在数据传输阶段没有标签，不知道它是调制符号中的哪个，在接收端接收的传输数据为y i＝h is i+n i，其中，y i，h i，s i，n i为第i个传输数据的RE上的接收数据，信道，传输的数据，干扰噪声。将y i输入映射模块，从而通过映射模块的参数映射出它对应的调制符号，比如为Q i，i＝1，...，M中的一个，从而完成了对第i个RE上的数据的解调。本实施例，不需要估计信道hi，可以直接通过对接收数据y i通过映射模块直接获得它的调制符号。在本实施例中，要求参考信号对应的端口数目P＞＝M，即至少需要调试符号个数个端口，且由于只有一个数据流，所以调制符号组个数K＝M。
在本实施例中，如果参考信号的发送功率和数据的发送功率不同，比如它们的比为A，那么需要将所述的A发送给接收端，接收端将所述的A乘以yi作为映射模块的输入。或者，用户在接收参考信号的信号质量P1和在接收数据的信号质量P2之比为A，将A乘以yi作为模块映射的输入。信号质量可以是接收功率，接收信噪比，接收信干噪比。
在本实施例中，包括至少一个基站和一个终端，基站发送的是N个数据流，假设每个流上的参考信号用的调制编码方式为QPSK，那么它每个RE上传输的都是4个调制符号中的一种，比如为Q4，i，为了简单起见，这里省去了下标4，记做Q i，i＝1，...，M，M取值为4，需要说明的是，本实施例中的方法也可以用到其它调制编码方式，并不做限制，比如16QAM，64QAM等等，对应的M为所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号个数。基站在发送参考信号参数和参考信号后，终端接收参考信号参数，并根据它确定参考信号，包括参考信号的图样，接收时隙，序列，从而确定每个RE上传输的是哪个调制符号用于做标签。终端接收参考信号，比如记做Y j＝H jR j+N j，其中Y j，H j，R j，N j分别表示传输参考信号的第j个RE上的接收参考信号，信道，调制符号组(为K个调制符号组中的一个R i，R i为包括N个调制符号，第k个调制符号为第k个流上的调制符号，比如在N为2时，为(q m，q n)，n，m＝1，...，M，i＝1，...，K)，干扰噪声，且Y j，R j，N j是1*Nr的向量，H j是Nr*Nt的复数矩阵，这里Nr和Nt分别为发送端和接收端的天线数目都是大于或等于流数N。
向量Y j的第k个元素可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022116594-appb-000001
其中，h j，k，i分别表示H j第i个发送天线到第k根接收天线的信道，q j，i表示R j的第i个元素上的调制符号，n j，k表示N j第k个元素。将所述接收信号y j，k，k＝1，...，Nr输入到映射模块，比如AI模块，机器学习模块，深度学习模块，以及其它的具有分类或者映射功能的模块，根据y j，k和它对应的标签R j，这里标签R j也称为调制符号组，将它输入映射模块，从而将y j，k映射到K个调制符号组中的一个，K＝M^N，K个分类中每个分类对应一种调制符号组。通过多个样本的训练获得映射模块的参数，比如AI对应的神经网络参数的取值，j＝1，...，Nc，Nc为基站配置的参考信号所占的RE个数。
在获取所述映射模块参数后，基站会传输数据，传输的数据包括但不限于PDSCH/PDCCH中的一种，对于上行链路，那么就是终端传输数据，包括但不限于PUSCH，PUCCH。发送端发送的数据在第i个RE上的值为Y i，由于在数据传输阶段没有标签，不知道它是调制符号中的哪个，在接收端接收的传输数据为Y i＝H iS i+N i，其中Y i，H i，S i，N i分别表示第k个RE上的接收数据，信道，传输数据向量(为K个调制符号组中的一个)，干扰噪声，且Y i，S i，N i是1*Nr的向量，H i是Nr*Nt的复数矩阵，这里Nr和Nt分别为发送端和接收端的天线数目都是大于 或等于流数N，将每个接收天线上的接收数据
Figure PCTCN2022116594-appb-000002
输入到映射模块，从而通过映射模块的参数映射出它对应的调制符号组，比如为K个调制符号组中的一个，K＝M^N，从而完成了对第i个RE上的数据的解调，这里，h i，k，j分别表示H i第j个发送天线到第k根接收天线的信道，s i，j表示S i的第j个元素上的调制符号，n i，k表示N i第k个元素。将所述接收信号y i，k，k＝1，...，Nr输入到映射模块，从而将y i，k映射到K个调制符号组中的一个。需要说明的是，这里的数据流可以是单用户MIMO或者多用户MIMO中的多个数据流，在本实施例中，要求参考信号对应的端口数目P＞＝K，即至少需要调试符号组个数个端口，且由于每个数据流的调制编码方式相同，所以调制符号组个数K＝M^N，这里^表示指数运算。参考信号端口数目P＞＝K，优选地P是K的整数倍。
在本实施例中，如果参考信号的发送功率和数据的发送功率不同，比如它们的比为A，那么需要将所述的A发送给接收端，接收端将所述的A乘以y j，k作为映射模块的输入。或者，用户在第k个数据流上的接收参考信号的信号质量P1和在第k个数据流上接收数据的信号质量P2之比为Ak，将Ak乘以y j，k作为模块映射的输入，k＝1，...，Nr。信号质量可以是接收功率，接收信噪比，接收信干噪比。
另外，理论上，只需要一个接收天线上的接收数据就可以恢复N个数据流的调制符号组，可以将k＝1，...，Nr个数据流中性能最好(比如分类时概率最大的那个，或者多个接收天线中都指向的那个调制符号组)的那个接收天线恢复的调制符号组作为N个数据流上的数据的解调。
在本实施例中，包括至少一个基站和一个终端，基站发送的是N个数据流，假设每个流上的参考信号用的调制编码方式可以不同，比如第一个数据流为QPSK，那么它每个RE上传输的都是4个调制符号中的一种，比如为Q 4，i，为了简单起见，这里省去了下标4，记做Q1i，i＝1，...，M 1，M 1＝4，第二个数据流上的调制编码方式为16QAM记为Q2i，i＝1，...，M 2，M 2＝16，当然其它数据流上也可以有其它的调制编码方式，需要说明的是，本实施例中的方法也可以用到其它调制编码方式，并不做限制，比如16QAM，64QAM等等，对应的Mk为所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号个数，k＝1，...，N。基站在发送参考信号参数和参考信号后，终端接收参考信号参数，并根据它确定参考信号，包括参考信号的图样，接收时隙，序列，从而确定每个RE上传输的是哪个调制符号用于做标签。终端接收参考信号，比如记做Y j＝H jR j+N j，其中Y j，H j，R j，N j分别表示传输参考信号的第j个RE上的接收参考信号，信道，调制符号组(为K个调制符号组中的一个R i，R i为包括N个调制符号，第k个调制符号为第k个流上的调制符号可以为不同的调制编码方式的调制符号，比如在N为2时，为(q m，q n)，n，m＝1，...，M，i＝1，...，K)，干扰噪声，且Y j，R j，N j是1*Nr的向量，H j是Nr*Nt的复数矩阵，这里Nr和Nt分别为发送端和接收端的天线数目都是大于或等于流数N。
向量Y j的第k个元素可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022116594-appb-000003
其中，h j，k，i分别表示H j第i个发送天线到第k根接收天线的信道，q j，i表示R j的第i个元素上的调制符号，n j，k表示N j第k个元素。将所述接收信号y j，k，k＝1，...，Nr输入到映射模块，比如AI模块，机器学习模块，深度学习模块，以及其它的具有分类或者映射功能的模块，根据y j，k和它对应的标签R j，这里标签R j也称为调制符号组，将它输入映射模块，从而将y j，k映射到K个调制符号组中的一个，K＝M 1*M 2*...*M N，K个分类中每个分类对应一种调制符号组。通过多个样本的训练获得映射模块的参数，比如AI对应的神经网络参数的取值，j＝1，...，Nc，Nc为基站配置的参考信号所占的RE个数。
在获取所述映射模块参数后，基站会传输数据，传输的数据包括但不限于PDSCH/PDCCH中的一种，对于上行链路，那么就是终端传输数据，包括但不限于PUSCH，PUCCH。发送端发送的数据在第i个RE上的值为Y i，由于在数据传输阶段没有标签，不知道它是调制符号中的哪个，在接收端接收的传输数据为Y i＝H iS i+N i，其中Y i，H i，S i，N i分别表第k个RE上的接收数据，信道，传输数据向量(为K个调制符号组中的一个)，干扰噪声，且Y i，S i，N i是1*Nr的向量，H i是Nr*Nt的复数矩阵，这里Nr和Nt分别为发送端和接收端的天线数目都是大于或等于流数N，将每个接收天线上的接收数据
Figure PCTCN2022116594-appb-000004
输入到映射模块，从而通过映射模块的参数映射出它对应的调制符号组，比如为K个调制符号组中的一个，K＝M^N，从而完成了对第i个RE上的数据的解调，这里，h i，k，j分别表示H i第j个发送天线到第k根接收天线的信道，s i，j表示S i的第j个元素上的调制符号，n i，k表示N i第k个元素。将所述接收信号y i，k，k＝1，...，Nr输入到映射模块，从而将y i，k映射到K个调制符号组中的一个。需要说明的是，这里的数据流可以是单用户MIMO或者多用户MIMO中的多个数据流，在本实施例中，要求参考信号对应的端口数目P≥K，即至少需要调试符号组个数个端口，且由于每个数据流的调制编码方式不同，所以调制符号组个数K＝M 1*M 2*...*M N。参考信号端口数目P≥K，优选地，P是K的整数倍。
在本实施例中，如果参考信号的发送功率和数据的发送功率如果不同，比如它们的比为A，那么需要将所述的A发送给接收端，接收端将所述的A乘以y j，k作为映射模块的输入。或者，用户在第k个数据流上的接收参考信号的信号质量P1和在第k个数据流上接收数据的信 号质量P2之比为Ak，将Ak乘以y j，k作为模块映射的输入，k＝1，...，Nr。信号质量可以是接收功率，接收信噪比，接收信干噪比。
另外，理论上，只需要一个接收天线上的接收数据就可以恢复N个数据流的调制符号组，可以将k＝1，...，Nr个数据流中性能最好(比如分类时概率最大的那个，或者多个接收天线中都指向的那个调制符号组)的那个接收天线恢复的调制符号组作为N个数据流上的数据的解调。
本实施例中，发送端发送的参考信号可以是训练参考信号，比如为训练映射模块参数而设计的新的参考信号，也可以是目前已有的解调参考信号，比如NR，LTE中以及未来通信系统中的DMRS，它用于估计DMRS所在RE上的信道，根据DMRS所在的RE通过插值等方法获得承载传输数据或者控制信号的RE上的信道Hd，并根据承载传输数据或者控制信号的RE上的信道Hd对所述的数据或者控制信号进行解调。在应用中，可以用所述的DMRS来训练映射模块的参数，其中DMRS的调制编码方式和数据的调制编码方式相同，传输的数据流数相同，和/或预编码相同。不同用户对应的DMRS可以配置相同的端口数，可以配置相同的图样，可以配置相同的序列初始值。
根据本实施例的另一方面，还提供了一种参考信号的传输装置，图7是根据本实施例的参考信号的传输装置的框图一，如图7所示，应用于终端，包括：
第一接收模块72，设置为接收参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
第二接收模块74，设置为根据所述参考信号参数接收参考信号。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第三接收模块，设置为接收所述调制信息；
解调模块，设置为根据获取的所述解调参数确定所述调制信息对应的调制符号。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，其中，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中，所述端口数目P由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，P≥M，且P和M为大于1的整数。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括传输的数据流数N、调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中，所述端口数目P由所述数据流数N和所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，P≥M^N，P和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括数据流数N、调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中，所述端口数目P由N个数据流上的所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M i确定，P≥M 1*M 2*...*M N，P和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，...，N，N为正整数。
可选地，所述第二接收模块74包括：
确定子模块，设置为根据所述参考信号参数确定所述参考信号的图样、所述参考信号的 序列以及所述参考信号的时域类别至少之一；
在所述参考信号的图样、所述参考信号的序列以及所述参考信号的时域类别至少之一对应的资源元素RE上接收所述参考信号；
其中，所述参考信号的时域类别包括周期、非周期、半持续。
可选地，所述参考信号用于解调所述参考信号对应的调制信息，进一步的，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的调制编码方式相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的预编码相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的数据流数相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息在每个对应的数据流上的调制编码方式相同，和/或所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的调制符号集合相同。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第四接收模块，设置为接收功率比参数A，其中，所述功率比参数A为传输所述参考信号和传输所述调制信息的功率比；
调整模块，设置为根据所述功率比参数A调整所述调制信息的功率。
可选地，所述调制信息对应K个调制符号组中的一个调制符号组，其中，所述调制符号组包括N个调试符号的组合，所述N为调制信息对应的数据流数，所述N为大于或等于1的整数，所述K为大于1的整数。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，其中，K＝M。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M和传输的数据流数N确定，其中，K＝M^N，K和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由N个数据流上的调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M i确定，其中，K＝M 1*M 2*...*M N，K和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，...，N，N为正整数。
可选地，K个所述调制符号组的每个调制符号组所对应的参考信号端口数相同。
可选地，所述参考信号包括训练参考信号、解调参考信号至少之一。
根据本实施例的另一方面，还提供了一种参考信号的传输装置，图8是根据本实施例的参考信号的传输装置的框图二，如图8所示，应用于基站，包括：
配置模块82，设置为配置参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
第一发送模块84，设置为发送所述参考信号参数；
第二发送模块86，设置为根据所述参考信号参数发送参考信号。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第三发送模块，设置为发送所述调制信息；所述参考信号，用于指示所述终端获取所述调制信息对应的解调参数；并根据所述解调参数对所述调制信息进行解调。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，其中，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中，所述端口数目P由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，P≥M，且P和M为大于1的整数。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括传输的数据流数N、调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中， 所述端口数目P由所述数据流数N和所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，P≥M^N，P和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
可选地，所述参考信号参数包括数据流数N、调制编码方式和端口数目P，其中，所述端口数目P由N个数据流上的所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M i确定，P≥M 1*M 2*...*M N，P和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，...，N，N为正整数。
可选地，所述参考信号参数，用于所述终端确定所述参考信号的图样、所述参考信号的序列以及所述参考信号的时域类别至少之一；
在所述参考信号的图样、所述参考信号的序列以及所述参考信号的时域类别至少之一对应的资源元素RE上接收所述参考信号；
其中，所述参考信号的时域类别包括周期、非周期、半持续。
可选地，所述参考信号用于解调所述参考信号对应的调制信息，进一步的，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的调制编码方式相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的预编码相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的数据流数相同；和/或，所述参考信号和所述调制信息在每个对应的数据流上的调制编码方式相同，和/或所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的调制符号集合相同。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第四发送模块，设置为向所述终端发送功率比参数A，其中，所述功率比参数A为传输所述参考信号和传输所述调制信息的功率比，所述功率比参数A用于指示所述终端调整所述调制信息的功率。
可选地，所述调制信息对应K个调制符号组中的一个调制符号组，其中，所述调制符号组包括N个调试符号的组合，所述N为调制信息对应的数据流数，所述N为大于或等于1的整数，所述K为大于1的整数。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，其中，K＝M。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M和传输的数据流数N确定，其中，K＝M^N，K和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
可选地，所述调制符号组个数K由N个数据流上的调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M i确定，其中，K＝M 1*M 2*...*M N，K和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，...，N，N为正整数。
可选地，K个所述调制符号组的每个调制符号组所对应的参考信号端口数相同。
可选地，所述参考信号包括训练参考信号、解调参考信号至少之一。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，该计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
在一个示例性实施例中，上述计算机可读存储介质可以包括但不限于：U盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，简称为ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，简称为RAM)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储计算机程序的介质。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，该存储器中存储有计算机程序，该处理器被设置为运行计算机程序以执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
在一个示例性实施例中，上述电子装置还可以包括传输设备以及输入输出设备，其中， 该传输设备和上述处理器连接，该输入输出设备和上述处理器连接。
本实施例中的具体示例可以参考上述实施例及示例性实施方式中所描述的示例，本实施例在此不再赘述。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本公开的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本公开不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本公开的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种参考信号的传输方法，应用于终端，包括：
    接收参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
    根据所述参考信号参数接收参考信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1中任一项所述的方法，其中，
    所述端口数目P由所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，P≥M，且P和M为大于1的整数。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
    所述参考信号参数还包括传输的数据流数N，其中，所述端口数目P由所述数据流数N和所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，P≥M^N，P和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
    所述参考信号参数还包括数据流数N，其中，所述端口数目P由N个数据流上的所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M i确定，P≥M 1*M 2*...*M N，P和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，…，N，N为正整数。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，根据所述参考信号参数接收所述参考信号包括：
    根据所述参考信号参数确定所述参考信号的图样、所述参考信号的序列以及所述参考信号的时域类别至少之一；
    在所述参考信号的图样、所述参考信号的序列以及所述参考信号的时域类别至少之一确定的资源元素RE上接收所述参考信号；
    其中，所述参考信号的时域类别包括周期、非周期、半持续。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述参考信号用于解调所述参考信号对应的调制信息。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，
    所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的调制编码方式相同；和/或，
    所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的预编码相同；和/或，
    所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的数据流数相同；和/或，
    所述参考信号和所述调制信息在每个对应的数据流上的调制编码方式相同，和/或
    所述参考信号和所述调制信息对应的调制符号集合相同。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    接收功率比参数A，其中，所述功率比参数A为传输所述参考信号和传输所述调制信息的功率比；
    根据所述功率比参数A调整所述调制信息的功率。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，
    所述调制信息对应K个调制符号组中的一个调制符号组，其中，所述调制符号组包括N个调制符号的组合，N为大于或等于1的整数，K为大于1的整数。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，
    所述调制符号组个数K由所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M确定，其中，K＝M。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，
    所述调制符号组个数K由所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M和传输的数据流数N确定，其中，K＝M^N，K和M为大于1的整数，N为正整数，^表示指数运算。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，
    所述调制符号组个数K由N个数据流上的所述调制编码方式对应的调制符号数M i确定，其中，K＝M 1*M 2*...*M N，K和M i为大于1的整数，i＝1，…，N，N为正整数。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，K个所述调制符号组的每个调制符号组所对应的参考信号端口数相同。
  14. 一种参考信号的传输方法，应用于基站，包括：
    配置参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
    发送所述参考信号参数；
    根据所述参考信号参数发送参考信号。
  15. 一种参考信号的传输装置，应用于终端，包括：
    第一接收模块，设置为接收参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
    第二接收模块，设置为根据所述参考信号参数接收参考信号。
  16. 一种参考信号的传输装置，应用于基站，包括：
    配置模块，设置为配置参考信号参数，其中，所述参考信号参数至少包括参考信号的端口数目P和所述参考信号的调制编码方式，所述参考信号的端口数目P根据所述调制编码方式确定；
    第一发送模块，设置为发送所述参考信号参数；
    第二发送模块，设置为根据所述参考信号参数发送参考信号。
  17. 一种计算机可读的存储介质，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序被设置为运行时执行所述权利要求1至13、14任一项中所述的方法。
  18. 一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器中存储有计算机程序，所述处理器被设置为运行所述计算机程序以执行所述权利要求1至13、14任一项中所述的方法。
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