WO2023020632A1 - 切割机构以及割草机 - Google Patents

切割机构以及割草机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023020632A1
WO2023020632A1 PCT/CN2022/125652 CN2022125652W WO2023020632A1 WO 2023020632 A1 WO2023020632 A1 WO 2023020632A1 CN 2022125652 W CN2022125652 W CN 2022125652W WO 2023020632 A1 WO2023020632 A1 WO 2023020632A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutting
grass
units
unit
driving device
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PCT/CN2022/125652
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
焦石平
杜江
查霞红
刘常华
刘泱兵
Original Assignee
苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 filed Critical 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority to CN202280055716.4A priority Critical patent/CN117940010A/zh
Publication of WO2023020632A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023020632A1/zh
Priority to US18/443,910 priority patent/US20240188489A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/64—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis mounted on a vehicle, e.g. a tractor, or drawn by an animal or a vehicle
    • A01D34/66—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis mounted on a vehicle, e.g. a tractor, or drawn by an animal or a vehicle with two or more cutters
    • A01D34/661—Mounting means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/73—Cutting apparatus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/73—Cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/733—Cutting-blade mounting means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/74—Cutting-height adjustment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D2101/00—Lawn-mowers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of garden tools, in particular to a cutting mechanism and a lawnmower.
  • Lawn mowers in the prior art generally adopt a gasoline engine to drive a straight knife to rotate for cutting operations.
  • the two ends of the straight knife are set to have widened flanges, so that when the blade rotates, an airflow can be formed in the inner cavity of the mower.
  • the airflow can throw the broken grass produced by cutting up in the cavity, so that there is an opportunity to cut the broken grass again, so that the finally formed broken grass is finer.
  • this lawn mower is large in size (difficult to pass smoothly in the user's home yard), high in energy consumption, loud in noise and relatively random in grass quality.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a cutting mechanism and a lawnmower to solve at least one problem existing in the background art, so as to improve the cutting quality of the cutting mechanism.
  • a cutting mechanism including a driving device and a cutting device connected to the driving device, the cutting device is configured to perform a cutting task driven by the driving device, and the cutting device includes A plurality of cutting units arranged in layers, each of which includes at least one cutting element, each of which forms a cutting domain when performing a cutting task; wherein,
  • first preset distance S1 between the edges of the cutting fields of the two cutting units closest to the working surface, and the first preset distance S1 satisfies And the edge of the cutting field of the cutting unit closest to the working surface is closer to the driving device in the second direction;
  • V represents the moving speed of the cutting device when performing the cutting task
  • n represents the rotational speed of the cutting device when performing the cutting task
  • N2 represents the number of cutting elements in each cutting unit.
  • a cutting mechanism including a driving device and a cutting device connected to the driving device, the cutting device is configured to perform a cutting task driven by the driving device, and the cutting device includes A plurality of cutting units stacked, each of which includes at least one cutting element; wherein,
  • one cutting unit has a first cutting element set in a first phase
  • the other cutting unit has a second cutting element set in a second phase
  • the first cutting element and the The phase difference of the second cutting element is configured such that the first cutting element and the second cutting element successively cut grass at the same location within a single rotation period of the cutting device.
  • a cutting mechanism including a driving device and a cutting device connected to the driving device, the cutting device is configured to perform a cutting task driven by the driving device, and the cutting device includes A plurality of cutting units stacked, each of which includes at least one cutting element; wherein,
  • the plurality of cutting units are connected to the driving device through a connecting portion; wherein, the bottom cutting unit closest to the working surface has an exposed cutting portion beyond the connecting portion; wherein, at least one of the cutting units perpendicular to the first direction In the second direction, the length L of the exposed cutting portion and the single cutting amount X0 of the cutting device satisfy the relational expression: L/X0 ⁇ 2.3; wherein, the single cutting amount X0 means that the cutting device cuts in a single The length of the portion that touches the grass during the first cut.
  • a cutting mechanism including a driving device and a cutting device connected to the driving device, the cutting device is configured to perform a cutting task driven by the driving device, and the cutting device includes A plurality of cutting units stacked, each of the cutting units includes at least one cutting element, and each of the cutting units forms a cutting domain when performing a cutting task;
  • At least one second direction perpendicular to the first direction there is a first preset distance S1 between the edges of the cutting domains of at least one group of adjacent two cutting units, and the first preset distance S1 satisfies And the edge of the cutting field of the cutting unit near the working surface is closer to the driving device; wherein, V represents the moving speed of the cutting device when performing the cutting task, and n represents the rotational speed of the cutting device when performing the cutting task, N_2 represents the number of cutting elements in each cutting unit.
  • a cutting mechanism including a driving device and a cutting device connected to the driving device, the cutting device is configured to perform a cutting task driven by the driving device, and the cutting device includes a plurality of cutting units stacked, each of which includes at least one cutting element;
  • one cutting unit has a first cutting element arranged in a first phase
  • the other cutting unit has a second cutting element arranged in a second phase
  • the first cutting unit The phase difference between the element and the second cutting element is configured such that the first cutting element and the second cutting element successively cut grass at the same location within a single rotational cycle of the cutting device.
  • a lawn mower which includes: a housing; a moving device connected to the housing and driving the mower to move; the cutting mechanism according to the first aspect, installed on the housing for performing cutting tasks.
  • the cutting device of the present application is provided with a plurality of cutting units at different heights, and the cutting domains of any two adjacent cutting units have an interval S1 in at least one second direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of the plurality of cutting units and
  • S1 the more beneficial it is to improve the grass leakage situation when the cutting device is working, thereby improving the cutting quality and cutting efficiency of the cutting mechanism; at the same time, the closer the value of S1 is to It is more beneficial to ensure the overall compactness and miniaturization of the cutting mechanism while improving grass leakage, and then helps to ensure the overall compactness and miniaturization of the mower equipped with the cutting mechanism (can pass smoothly in the user's home yard).
  • the cutting device when the cutting device is cutting, multiple cutting units located at different heights of the cutting device can cut the grass in the same area multiple times to chop the grass.
  • the cutting device of the present application does not form an airflow, which greatly reduces the power consumption required by the cutting device for mowing grass.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of cutting device
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another kind of cutting device
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another weed leakage situation of the cutting device
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a bottom view of a cutting device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a bottom view of a cutting device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting device provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a lawn mower provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a cutting mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the straight knife cutting device driven by the gasoline engine when the straight knife cutting device driven by the gasoline engine is performing the cutting operation, the high-speed rotation of the straight knife forms an updraft in the inner chamber of the mower. Under the action of the updraft, the cut grass will be sucked into the inner cavity, and then under the action of gravity, the broken grass will fall back to the cutting area of the straight knife. At this time, the straight knife can cut the broken grass again to To achieve the purpose of chopping grass.
  • the straight knife cutting device needs to rotate at a high speed to provide an updraft, the straight knife cutting device requires high energy consumption when cutting grass.
  • a cutting device driven by a non-gasoline engine can also be adopted.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic bottom view of the structure of a cutting device 10 with multi-layer blades in the prior art.
  • the cutting device includes a cutter head 11 and a first cutting unit 12 and a second cutting unit 13 arranged on the cutter head 11, wherein the first cutting unit 12 includes blades 121, 122, 123, and the second cutting unit 13 includes blades 131, 132, 133.
  • the cutting device 10 has a double-layer structure, that is, the two cutting units 12 and 13 in FIG. 1 are respectively arranged at different heights of the cutting device 10, so that the cutting device 10 can chop grass when cutting. In this way, the grass can be chopped without forming an airflow, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption.
  • the structural parameters of the cutting device 10 are generally designed empirically. This design method cannot ensure that the structural parameters of the cutting device can be reasonably matched with the operating parameters of the lawn mower, which makes it difficult to guarantee the cutting quality, thereby affecting the cutting efficiency.
  • the blade 121 in the first cutting unit 12 and the blade 131 in the second cutting unit 13 are arranged in different phases, when mowing the lawn, the rotation direction of the cutting device 10 is forward when viewed from above. Clockwise, after the blade 131 on the upper floor cuts the grass in a region, the grass body tilts under the action of inertia. At this time, when the lower blade 121 adjacent to the blade 131 passes through the region, the grass body has not fully rebounded, causing The blade 121 of the lower layer skims over the fallen grass body, which cannot effectively cut the grass, resulting in grass leakage, and also tends to leave longer grass clippings after cutting, which affects the smooth appearance of the grass surface. For the convenience of description, this kind of weed leakage can be called temporal weed leakage.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic bottom view of the structure of another multi-layer blade cutting device 20, and FIG. 3 shows another weed leakage situation when the cutting device 20 shown in FIG. 2 performs a specific cutting task.
  • the blades 231, 221, 211 are blades arranged in the same phase (the first row of blades)
  • the blades 232, 222, 212 are the blades arranged in the same phase (the second row of blades)
  • the blades 233, 223, 213 are
  • the phases of the three rows of blades are different, and the direction of rotation is counterclockwise when looking up.
  • each row of blades can cut the grass G under the driving of the driving device.
  • each blade in each row of blades is in the horizontal If the direction is set more tightly, it is easy to form grass leakage, and it is easy to leave long grass clippings after cutting, which will affect the smoothness and beauty of the grass surface.
  • this kind of weed leakage can be called structural weed leakage.
  • the initial position of the cutting device 20 can be taken as the position where the first row of blades just touches the grass G but does not start cutting, then when the cutting device 20 moves forward and turns to the second row of blades to cut the grass, the blades 232 will first Cut to the grass of length X0, but under the action of inertia, the grass body of the grass of length X0 will be inclined, thereby causing blade 222 to pass over the grass body of dumping, and the grass of OM1 part is formed to miss cut; And when cutting When the device 20 continues to move forward and turns to the third row of blades to cut the grass, the blade 233 will continue to cut forward to the grass with a length of X0, but under the action of inertia, the grass body of the grass with a length of X0 will also tilt , thereby causing the blade 223 to pass over the grass body toppled over, forming a missed cut to the grass of the OM2 part, and in the same way, the blade 213 will also
  • the grass of the OM1 part is cut off together with the uninclined grass of the grass body, thereby leaving longer grass clippings; and when the cutting device 20 continues to move forward and turns to the first row of blades to cut the grass again, the blade 231 will still continue to cut the grass. Cut forward to the grass with a length of X0, but the grass body of the grass with a length of X0 will be inclined, causing the blade 221 to form a missed cut to the grass of the OM4 part. Similarly, the blade 211 will form a missed cut to the grass of the OM5 part.
  • blade 211 will also cut off the grass of the OM2 part that has not been cut previously together with the grass that the grass body is not inclined, thereby leaving longer grass clippings, but because blades 211, 212, and 213 are bottom blades, Therefore, the grass in the OM3 part of the missed cut will stay on the surface of the grass and will not be cut again, forming a missed grass.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a cutting device.
  • the cutting device By rationally configuring the structural parameters and operating parameters of the cutting device, both cutting efficiency and cutting quality can be taken into account, and it is also beneficial to ensure that the lawn mower equipped with the cutting mechanism miniaturization of the overall size.
  • the cutting device provided by the embodiment of the present application can chop the grass by setting the structural parameters among the multiple cutting units without generating an updraft through high-speed rotation, which is beneficial to reduce the need for the cutting device to cut grass. power consumption.
  • Fig. 10 shows a cutting mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • the cutting mechanism includes a driving device 200 and a cutting device 100 connected to the driving device 200
  • the cutting device 100 includes a plurality of cutting units stacked along the first direction A1, It is configured to perform the cutting task driven by the driving device.
  • the driving device 200 may include a motor and an output shaft of the motor, and the cutting device 100 may be connected to the output shaft of the motor; the driving device 200 may also include a transmission structure in the form of a wheel belt, and the cutting device 100 may be connected to the driving end of the transmission structure.
  • the cutting device 100 includes a plurality of cutting units 101, 102, 103, 104, 105 stacked along the first direction A1, each cutting unit includes at least one cutting element 1011, 1021, 1031, 1041, 1051, and each cutting unit is A cutting domain is formed when the cutting task is performed.
  • the cutting unit can include single or multiple discrete blades; optionally, the contours of the cutting domains formed by different cutting units can be the same or different; optionally, the contour shapes of the cutting domains can be regular, For example, it may be a circle, an ellipse, or a square, a rectangle, a rhombus, etc.; optionally, the edge of the cutting domain may also be irregular.
  • the working surface at least includes a lawn surface, and the lawn surface may be a plane, an inclined plane, an undulating surface, or the like.
  • the edge of the cutting field of the cutting unit closest to the working surface is closer to the driving device 200 in the second direction A2
  • the edge of the cutting field is closer to the drive device 200 than to the other cutting unit.
  • the two cutting units closest to the working surface are cutting units 101, 102
  • the lowermost cutting unit 101 can form the first cutting domain when performing the cutting task
  • the other cutting unit 102 can form the first cutting area when performing the cutting task.
  • forming a second cutting domain the edge of the first cutting domain and the edge of the second cutting domain in at least one second direction A2 have a distance greater than or equal to
  • the edges of the first cutting domain and the second cutting domain can also have a second preset spacing in another second direction A2, and, in these second directions A2, the most The edge of the first cutting field of the cutting unit 101 close to the working surface is closer to the drive device 200 in these second directions A2 than the edge of the second cutting field of the cutting unit 102 .
  • the cutting unit 101 has three separate cutting elements 1011
  • the cutting unit 102 has three separate cutting elements 1021
  • the rotation track of the end of the cutting element 1011 farthest from the drive shaft can form The edge of the first cutting field; likewise, the rotational trajectory of the end of the cutting element 1021 furthest from the drive shaft may form the edge of the second cutting field.
  • the first preset distance S1 between the edge of the first cutting area and the edge of the second cutting area can be expressed as, in the second direction A2, the farthest distance between the cutting element 1051 The spacing between the end of its mounting axis and the end of cutting element 1041 furthest from its mounting axis.
  • the single cutting amount X0 of the cutting element represents the length of the part of each cutting element that touches the grass during a single cutting process, in other words, the length of the grass that each cutting element can cut during a single cutting process.
  • the rotating speed of the cutting device is n (r/min)
  • the moving speed of the cutting device along the running direction of the lawn mower is V (m/s).
  • the length of the cut grass) is
  • N 2 such as the cutting device shown in Figure 10, the value of N 2 is 3
  • the single cutting amount X 0 (mm) of the cutting elements is:
  • the grass body is not absolutely straight. Due to the influence of the gravity of the grass itself, the grass body will actually tilt to one side. Therefore, the cutting area of the cutting unit at the bottom adjacent layer can be adjusted based on X0 The horizontal spacing of the edges is used to actually test the cutting effect of the cutting mechanism.
  • Table 1 shows 14 sets of exemplary parameter data in the test data, and several sets of parameter data with better cutting effect are marked.
  • the good or bad judgment of the cutting effect can be compared with the cutting effect of the traditional gasoline engine-driven lawn mower.
  • the cutting effect can be evaluated according to the flatness of the grass surface cutting port and the spread of grass on the grass surface, for example, if the grass surface cutting port has slight waves, and a small amount of grass is evenly spread on the grass surface , it can be considered that the cutting effect of the cutting mechanism corresponding to this set of data is better.
  • the cutting effect of the cutting mechanism corresponding to the data numbered 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, and 14 in Table 1 is better.
  • the cutting mechanism corresponding to the data of No. 9 can meet the cutting needs of most American home users.
  • the first preset spacing S1 is 0.8X0.
  • number 14 shows that when the number N 2 of single-layer blades is 5, a minimum optional value of the first preset distance S1 is 4.8 mm, which is about 0.5 ⁇ 0.
  • the larger the value of S1 the more beneficial it is to improve the grass leakage caused by the tilting of the grass when the cutting device is working, thereby improving the cutting quality and cutting efficiency of the cutting mechanism.
  • the size is also easy to be too large, and the overall size of the lawn mower equipped with the cutting mechanism is also easy to be too large, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the lawn mower. Therefore, the closer the value of S1 is to or equal to It is more beneficial to ensure the overall compactness and miniaturization of the cutting mechanism while improving grass leakage, and then helps to ensure the overall compactness and miniaturization of the mower equipped with the cutting mechanism (it can pass smoothly in the user's home garden).
  • the cutting elements in the upper cutting unit 102 will cut the grass first, and then the cutting elements of the lowermost cutting unit will cut the grass again, and due to the edge of the first cutting field and the edge of the second cutting domain have a suitable first preset distance in at least one second direction A2, which can avoid the formation of weed leakage similar to OM3 parts, thereby effectively improving the aforementioned structural weed leakage problem, improving cutting quality, and ensuring
  • the first preset distance S1 can also be set smaller (for example, can be less than X0), which is conducive to taking into account the lawn mower equipped with the cutting mechanism. Machine size control.
  • the cutting device 100 when the cutting device 100 is cutting, multiple cutting units located at different heights of the cutting device 100 can cut the grass in the same area multiple times to chop the grass.
  • the cutting device of the present application does not form an airflow, which greatly reduces the power consumption required by the cutting device for mowing grass.
  • table 2 shows the test of the cutting energy consumption ratio of the cutting mechanism when different embodiments of the present application are compared under the same working conditions when each brand ZTR is mowing (converted to the cutting energy consumption of cutting 1000 for convenience) data.
  • the cutting energy consumption of the cutting mechanism of the present application is only the traditional ZTR 28% to 44% of the cutting energy consumption of the model. It can be seen that the cutting mechanism of the present application greatly reduces cutting energy consumption compared with traditional commercial lawnmowers, and has higher application value and application prospects.
  • the cutting device 100 also has another group of adjacent two cutting units, wherein one cutting unit has a cutting area when performing the cutting task, and the other cutting unit performs the cutting task.
  • the task has another cutting domain.
  • the cutting unit 104 has a third cutting domain when performing a cutting task
  • the cutting unit 105 has a fourth cutting domain when performing a cutting task.
  • the distance between the edges of the cutting domains of the two cutting units (for example, the distance between the edges of the third cutting domain and the edge of the fourth cutting domain Spacing S5) greater than or equal to And the edge of the cutting area of the cutting unit close to the working surface is closer to the driving device 200 in the second direction A2.
  • this setting can enable adjacent cutting units to cut grass at the same position, thereby reducing the formation of long grass clippings, so that more grass can fall to the ground without being piled up on the grass surface , Improve the grass quality of the cutting mechanism.
  • S1 and S5 can be the same or different.
  • one cutting unit has a cutting field when performing a cutting task, and the other cutting unit has another cutting area when performing a cutting task.
  • a cutting domain wherein, in at least one second direction A2 perpendicular to the first direction A1, the distance between the edges of the cutting domains of the two cutting units is greater than or equal to And the edge of the cutting area of the cutting unit close to the working surface is closer to the driving device 200 in the second direction A2.
  • the distances S1, S3, S4, and S5 of each adjacent cutting domain in the cutting device 100 in at least one second direction A2 are greater than or equal to In this way, any adjacent cutting unit can cut the grass at the same position, thereby greatly reducing the formation of long grass clippings, so that the grass can basically fall to the ground without piling up on the grass surface, and further improve the cutting grass quality of the cutting mechanism .
  • the sizes of S1, S3, S4, and S5 may or may not be all the same.
  • the moving speed of the cutting device 100 can be different, for example, it can be changed between 1m/s ⁇ 5m/s, and the speed of the cutting device 100 can also be Different, for example, it can be changed between 2000r/min ⁇ 3200r/min; similarly, in order to improve weed leakage, the number of cutting elements N2 in each cutting unit can also be different, for example, it can be between 1 and 5 Variety.
  • the number of cutting elements N2 in each cutting unit can also be different, for example, it can be between 1 and 5 Variety.
  • the first preset distance S1 satisfies Considering the actual pruning effect of most family gardens, by controlling It can better meet the cutting quality requirements of most family gardens, and at the same time, this lower limit size can also better control the overall size of the lawn mower; and, in an optional embodiment, the single-layer cutting unit has 3 blades
  • the (cutting element) arrangement is also easier to save preparation costs and maintenance costs.
  • the first preset distance S1 may be 10mm ⁇ S1 ⁇ 25mm.
  • S1 can take 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 25mm and so on.
  • the first preset distance S1 can be 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 25mm.
  • the thickness K of each cutting element satisfies 0.6mm ⁇ K ⁇ 2mm, for example, may be 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2mm.
  • the blade can be sharp enough to cut the grass, thereby helping to reduce the linear speed of the blade and further reduce the power consumption of the cutting device 100 .
  • the thickness is too large, such as greater than 2mm, although the blade is not easy to break after impact, the corresponding driving energy consumption will also increase; if the thickness is too small, such as less than 0.6mm, the sharper the blade, the lower the energy consumption, but the blade Easy to break after thin impact.
  • At least one cutting element has two opposing cutting sides, each cutting side being provided with a cutting edge.
  • the two cutting sides can cut the grass respectively, which reduces the loss caused by cutting only one side, which is beneficial to prolong the service life of the cutting elements and reduce maintenance costs.
  • the cutting element when the cutting edge on one side is worn, the cutting element can also be turned around and reused, so as to save the cost of blade replacement.
  • the cutting edge of at least one cutting element is double-sided.
  • the force on the double-sided blade is more uniform during cutting due to the double-sided cutting edge, and the requirement for the cutting angle is small; while the single-sided blade is cut on one side, if it is ensured when cutting It is necessary to set a certain cutting angle under force.
  • single-sided blades are more likely to wear when cutting.
  • they have lower durability and shorter life, which is not conducive to controlling maintenance costs.
  • the included angle between the two sides of the double-sided blade may be 20-30 degrees.
  • each cutting element and its mounting portion can also be relatively movable structures.
  • it can be set as a swinging knife structure, that is, there may be a gap between the cutting blade and its mounting part, so that the cutting blade can rotate around the axis of its mounting end when subjected to external force.
  • the flailing knife can straighten the blade to cut the grass due to inertia.
  • the flailing knife can make the blade rotate after hitting an obstacle so as to avoid damaging the edge of the blade.
  • Fig. 4 shows a cutting device 30 provided by another embodiment of the present application, and the cutting device 30 can be used in a lawn mower (including a self-propelled lawn mower or a hand-push lawn mower).
  • the lawnmower can have a drive.
  • the driving device can drive the cutting device 30 to rotate, so as to drive a plurality of cutting units on it to rotate to perform cutting operations.
  • the driving device can be a part of the cutting device 30 , or can be set independently from the cutting device 30 .
  • the cutting device 30 may include multiple cutting units 31 , 32 , 33 .
  • Each cutting unit may comprise at least one cutting element.
  • the at least one cutting element may be arranged circumferentially around the axis of rotation of the cutting device.
  • a plurality of cutting units 31 , 32 , 33 can be stacked sequentially at different heights of the cutting device 30 .
  • the multiple cutting units 31, 32, 33 located at different heights can cut the grass multiple times, so as to achieve the purpose of cutting the grass.
  • the cutting device 30 can cut the grass by using the multiple cutting units 31 , 32 , 33 stacked in layers without generating an updraft, which can significantly reduce the power consumption of the cutting device 30 .
  • the upper cutting unit 32 has a first cutting element 321
  • the lowermost (closest to the working surface) cutting unit 31 has a second cutting element 311 .
  • the cutting device 30 rotates to perform the cutting operation, and the first cutting element 321 and the second cutting element 311 have a cutting time difference when cutting the grass in the same area.
  • the operating parameters of the lawnmower are set (such as the rotation speed n of the cutting device and the number of cutting elements N 2 of the single-layer cutting unit), so that the cutting time difference is greater than a preset time, so that when the first cutting element 321 and the second cutting element 321
  • the elements 311 are capable of successively cutting grass at the same location within a single cycle of rotation of the cutting device 30 .
  • the above-mentioned single rotation cycle of the cutting device 30 refers to a single cycle in which the cutting device 30 is driven by the driving device to rotate one circle around its central axis.
  • the rotating speed of the driving device 30 is 2500r/min
  • the time required for the driving device 30 to rotate around its central axis is 24ms
  • the single rotation period of the driving device 30 is 24ms.
  • the rotational speed of the driving device 30 is 3200r/min
  • the time required for the driving device 30 to rotate around its central axis is 18.75ms
  • the single rotation cycle of the driving device 30 is 18.75ms.
  • the beneficial effect of such setting is that, in a single rotation cycle, when the grass at a certain position is inclined after the first cutting element 321 cuts, the second cutting element 311 located at the lower layer has not yet touched the grass in this area, Due to the existence of the above-mentioned cutting time difference, the grass body can fully rebound before the second cutting element 311 moves to this area, thereby ensuring that the second cutting element 311 can effectively cut the grass and improve the problem of temporal grass leakage. Furthermore, the cutting device 30 can have both high cutting efficiency and high cutting quality when performing the cutting operation. In addition, the power consumption required by the cutting device 30 during the cutting operation is relatively low.
  • the height from the ground of the first cutting element 321 and the second cutting element 311 may be less than the highest point of the grass height above the ground. In this way, when the first cutting element 321 and the second cutting element 311 pass through the grass in the same area, it is ensured that both can cut the grass in the area.
  • the first cutting element 321 and the second cutting element 311 are arranged adjacent to each other, which is beneficial to further ensure the cutting quality and improve the cutting efficiency of the cutting device 30 .
  • the phase arrangement of each cutting unit only needs to meet the above conditions, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the cutting units of different layers in the cutting device 40 are circumferentially staggered, that is, the phases of the multiple cutting elements in each cutting unit are different. Specifically, if the multiple cutting elements in each cutting unit are projected onto a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the cutting device, there will be no overlap between the projections of the cutting elements.
  • the cutting device will cut at the preset time interval after the cutting element on the upper layer completes the cutting during the walking operation of the cutting device (this time interval is enough to ensure that the grass The grass at the same position can be cut a second time after the body can fully rebound), which can maximize the use of the cutting device, significantly improve the cutting efficiency, and reduce the power consumption of the lawn mower to a certain extent.
  • multiple cutting elements in the cutting device 50 are stacked up and down to form multiple rows of cutting elements, wherein each cutting element in each row of cutting elements has the same phase.
  • the multiple cutting elements in each cutting unit are projected onto a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the cutting device, the projections of the multiple cutting elements in each row of cutting elements overlap.
  • multiple overlapping areas are formed between the projections of multiple cutting elements in each row of cutting elements, and the multiple overlapping areas are located on the same straight line, so that the upper and lower
  • the cutting elements of the adjacent phases of the layer have the largest time difference when cutting the grass in the same area, so that the grass body can fully rebound to be cut by the cutting elements of the adjacent phases of the adjacent layer (hereinafter referred to as adjacent cutting elements), improving the cutting efficiency. efficiency and cut quality.
  • the maximum cutting time difference (in milliseconds, ms) between adjacent cutting elements is (60*1000)/(nN 2 ), where N 2 represents Number of cutting elements per cutting unit.
  • the cutting time difference between any adjacent cutting elements is greater than or equal to the preset time, so that two cutting elements can successively cut grass at the same position within a single rotation period of the cutting device 50 . This is beneficial to further balance cutting efficiency and cutting quality.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the value of the cutting time difference between adjacent cutting elements.
  • the cutting time difference may be greater than or equal to 5.5 ms, so that the blades of the grass can fully rebound before the lower blade cuts.
  • the cutting time difference may be 5.7ms, 6.25ms, 7ms, 8ms, 9ms, 11ms, 12ms and so on. If the cutting time difference is set to be less than 5.5ms, the speed is usually too fast. On the one hand, the cutting time difference is too small to make the grass rebound, which affects the cutting efficiency and the quality of the grass. On the other hand, it will increase the power consumption. The greater the cutting time difference between adjacent cutting elements, the more sufficient the rebound of the grass body, so that the cutting efficiency is higher. Further, the cutting time difference may be set to be greater than or equal to 8ms.
  • the cutting device 60 may include multi-layer cutter heads 61, 62, 63 stacked, and the cutting units 611, 621, 631 are respectively installed between the cutter heads 61, 62, 63.
  • the driving device drives the cutterheads 61, 62, 63 to rotate and then drives the cutting elements 6111, 6211, 6311 to work.
  • the shape of the cutter heads 61, 62, 63 is preferably circular.
  • the circular cutter heads have simple processing technology, uniform mass distribution and good motion characteristics. Of course, it can also be set to other arbitrary shapes according to actual needs.
  • the cutting device 70 may include a bracket 71 and a plurality of cutting units 72, 73, 74 mounted on the bracket, and the driving device drives the bracket to rotate to drive the cutting elements 721, 731, 741 to rotate. cutting work.
  • This embodiment does not specifically limit the structural form of the bracket.
  • the support 71 can be configured as a cylinder (that is, the longitudinal section of the support 71 is rectangular), and the cylindrical support is easy to process and low in cost.
  • the lengths of the cutting elements 721 , 731 , 741 in the plurality of cutting units 72 , 73 , 74 can be set to increase sequentially from bottom to top, so that the cutting diameter of each cutting unit 72 , 73 , 74 increases sequentially.
  • the support 81 may be configured in the shape of a truncated cone (that is, the longitudinal section of the support 81 is an inverted trapezoid).
  • the lengths of the cutting elements 821 , 831 , 841 in the plurality of cutting units 82 , 83 , 84 can be set to be equal, so that the cutting diameters of the cutting units 82 , 83 , 84 increase sequentially.
  • the cutting elements 821 , 831 , 841 arranged with equal lengths have better interchangeability, which can reduce the replacement cost of the cutting elements 821 , 831 , 841 .
  • a mounting part 64 for installing the cutting unit may be provided on the periphery of the cutter head or the support, and the mounting part 64 may be independently connected to the cutter head or the support, or may be connected with the knife
  • the disc or bracket is integrally formed.
  • the cutting element can be fixed on the mounting part 64 by means of a connecting piece.
  • the connecting piece can be a screw, and the mounting part 64 is provided with a threaded hole matching the screw, and the fixing of the cutting element can be realized in a low-cost way by using the screw connection.
  • the fixing of the cutting element can also be achieved by means known in the art such as riveting, welding or bonding.
  • a gap can be provided between the cutting element and the mounting part 64 to form a flail structure to ensure that the cutting element can rotate in the gap.
  • the cutting element rotates away from the center of rotation under the action of centrifugal force, and when the cutting element encounters obstacles such as stones or branches, it can rotate freely in the gap to avoid damage and reduce maintenance costs.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the structure of the cutting element, and the structure of the cutting element may be any form known in the industry. Specifically, for example, it may be metal or non-metal elements such as blades and metal wires.
  • the cutting element is a blade comprising a base and a cutting edge, the cutting edge being at least partially disposed on the periphery of the base.
  • each blade can be in regular or irregular shape, for example, can be circular, rectangular or other shapes.
  • the height difference between two adjacent cutting units is preferably 8mm-25mm, such as 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 25mm.
  • 8mm-25mm such as 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 25mm.
  • the height H of the plurality of cutting units satisfies 27mm ⁇ H ⁇ 75mm, for example, H can be 27mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, 60mm, 65mm, 70mm, 75mm, etc.
  • the length of grass to be mowed by users in the US lawn mowing market is usually less than 3 inches, and most of them are 2 to 2.5 inches.
  • the cutting device can meet the cutting needs of most family gardens in the US market.
  • there is no limitation on whether the height difference between adjacent cutting units is the same or not.
  • the height difference between different cutting units may be set to be different.
  • the heights of different cutting units may be set to be the same.
  • the cutting diameter of the cutting device can be set to be greater than or equal to 180mm, for example, it can be 180mm, 200mm, 240mm, 280mm, 300mm, 330mm, 340mm, 356mm. This enables the cutting device to have a larger cutting width, which can effectively improve cutting efficiency; in addition, at the same speed, the larger the diameter of the cutting device, the greater the kinetic energy of the knife tip, which can further improve cutting efficiency .
  • the cutting diameter of the bottommost cutting unit is less than or equal to 340mm, so as to ensure the miniaturization of the overall size of the cutting mechanism.
  • the rotational speed of the cutting device is optionally less than or equal to 4000 r/min. It should be pointed out that the difference in cutting time is inversely proportional to the rotation speed of the cutting device, the lower the rotation speed, the greater the difference in cutting time, which can better prevent the cutting device from leaking weeds over time. When the rotating speed of the cutting device is high, although the cutting kinetic energy becomes larger, the cutting time difference decreases accordingly. If the cutting time difference at this time is not enough to complete the rebound of the grass body, it will still cause temporal weed leakage. Therefore, the rotational speed of the cutting device should be selected on the basis of meeting the requirements of the cutting time difference to increase the efficiency. In the embodiment of the present application, the rotational speed of the cutting device is set to be less than or equal to 4000 r/min, so that the cutting device can have better cutting efficiency and cutting quality.
  • the number of cutting elements in a single cutting unit is less than or equal to 5, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
  • the number of cutting elements is not limited thereto, and can be set according to actual needs on the premise of ensuring the value of the cutting time difference. Under the condition of the same rotational speed, the more the number of cutting elements, the smaller the cutting time difference between adjacent cutting elements.
  • the service life of the cutting elements is negatively correlated with the number of cutting elements, the greater the number of cutting elements, the smaller the wear of the cutting elements, and the correspondingly the longer the service life of the cutting elements.
  • a larger number of cutting elements should be selected under the premise of ensuring the cutting time difference, so that the cutting device has a longer service life and a larger cutting time difference.
  • the number of cutting elements in a single cutting unit is set to three, so that the cutting device can have a large cutting time difference and a long service life.
  • the cutting elements described in this application are all elements used to perform cutting tasks. If a blade is provided on the cutter head but not used for cutting, it should not be understood as a cutting element described in this application.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit whether the number of cutting elements in each cutting unit is the same or not.
  • the number of cutting elements in different cutting units can be set to be different.
  • the number of cutting elements in different cutting units can be set to be the same.
  • multiple cutting elements in the same cutting unit can be evenly arranged along the rotation direction of the cutting device, so that the cutting device can balance the load during operation, so as to reduce the power consumption of the driving device.
  • the cutting element has a tip portion that contacts the grass during cutting.
  • the ratio of the kinetic energy of the knife tip to the single cutting amount of the cutting element has a great influence on the cutting quality, and the above ratio is basically proportional to the cutting quality.
  • the end of the single cutting element away from the center of rotation (that is, the farthest end of the cutting element) is a section of length X 0 (mm) (that is, the tip part of the cutting element ) is the first to come into contact with the grass.
  • the turning diameter of the farthest end of the cutting element i.e. the maximum cutting width of the cutting device
  • the width of the cutting element is b (mm)
  • the weight of the tip portion of the cutting element is m X0
  • w represents the angular velocity of the tip portion.
  • I represents the moment of inertia of the tool tip, which can be expressed as:
  • the ratio E 0 of the kinetic energy of the cutting element tip part to the single cutting amount of the cutting element is preferably set to be greater than or equal to 0.1J/mm, at this time the knife tip part has a larger cutting kinetic energy, When cutting, there will be no situation that the blade avoids and the grass cannot be cut, so that the cutting quality can be better.
  • the above-mentioned ratio E 0 is less than 0.1, it means that the kinetic energy of the tip portion is small and/or the single cutting amount is large.
  • the cutting device will not be able to cut the grass due to insufficient kinetic energy when it contacts the grass body, which will reduce the cutting quality; the larger the single cutting amount, the greater the cutting resistance of the cutting device during operation.
  • the larger the blade the higher the driving power required, and at the same time because the length range of the cut grass is larger, the grass cannot be completely cut in some cases, which reduces the cutting efficiency.
  • the ratio E 0 is set to be greater than 0.1, so that the cutting device can have both high cutting efficiency and cutting quality.
  • the cutting element 311 can form a bottom cutting region when performing the cutting task, and includes The exposed portion of length L outside the coverage of the cutter head to which 311 belongs, the ratio N of the length of the exposed portion of the cutting element 311 to the single cutting amount is:
  • the ratio N of the length of the exposed portion of the cutting element to the single cutting amount reflects the number of times grass in the same area is cut by the same layer of cutting elements, and the length of the same area is equal to the single cutting amount of the cutting element.
  • the above ratio N is also called the number of repeated cutting.
  • the size of the ratio N is positively related to the length L of the exposed part, the number N2 of single-layer blades, and the rotational speed n of the cutter head, and negatively related to the travel speed v of the cutting device.
  • the ratio N reflects the number of times the grass in the same area is cut.
  • the larger the ratio N the more times the same layer of cutting elements pass through the same area, the smoother the cutting, the less likely the grass will leak, and the better the cutting effect. In other words, increasing the number of repeated cuttings can improve the structural grass leakage and temporal grass leakage problems of the cutting device in a comprehensive manner.
  • the ratio N may be set to be greater than or equal to 2.3. Further, the ratio N can be set to be greater than or equal to 3.4. Furthermore, the ratio N can be set to be greater than or equal to 4.
  • the exposed length of the part of the cutting element exposed from the cutterhead to which it belongs can be set according to actual conditions. For example, in order to increase the number of repeated cuttings to improve cutting efficiency, the exposed length can be set to a larger value. When the length of the exposed part is smaller, the number of repeated cuttings of the corresponding cutting element is reduced, making the efficiency of the cutting device lower.
  • the exposed length of the cutting element is preferably set to be greater than or equal to 55 mm. In one embodiment of the present application, the exposed length of the cutting element is preferably set to be greater than or equal to 57mm.
  • the multiple cutting units further include remaining cutting units connected to the bottom cutting unit, wherein the remaining cutting units are connected to the driving device through the first connection portion, and the bottom cutting unit is connected to the driving device through the second connection portion.
  • the first connecting part is connected; wherein, in the second direction A2, there is a second preset distance S2 between the edge of the bottom cutting domain and the first connecting part; wherein, the second predetermined distance S2 satisfies S2 ⁇ S1.
  • the first connecting part will affect the cutting of the lowermost blade by setting the second preset distance S2 to be greater than or equal to the first
  • the preset spacing S1 can effectively compensate for grass leakage caused by grass pressing at the first connecting portion, thereby improving cutting quality.
  • the second preset distance S2 may range from 10 mm to 40 mm.
  • S2 can be 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm. If S2 is too small, such as less than 10mm, it will be difficult to compensate for the grass pressing at the first connecting part. If S2 is too large, such as greater than 40mm, it will be difficult to ensure the miniaturization of the overall size of the cutting mechanism.
  • the cutting device provided by the embodiment of the present application and the important parameters affecting the cutting effect are described in detail.
  • the above parameters can be combined with each other, and the cutting quality of the mower can also be improved by rationally configuring each parameter in the cutting device.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides another cutting mechanism, which can at least be used to improve the temporal weed leakage problem of the multi-layer blade cutting mechanism.
  • the cutting mechanism includes a driving device and a cutting device connected to the driving device, the cutting device is configured to perform a cutting task driven by the driving device, the cutting device includes a plurality of cutting units stacked along the first direction, and each cutting unit includes At least one cutting element; wherein, among the two cutting units closest to the working surface, one cutting unit has a first cutting element set in a first phase, and the other cutting unit has a second cutting element set in a second phase, and the second cutting unit has a second cutting element set in a second phase.
  • the phase difference between the first cutting element and the second cutting element is configured such that the first cutting element and the second cutting element successively cut grass at the same location within a single rotational cycle of the cutting device.
  • the above-mentioned cutting mechanism can give the grass enough time to rebound, so that the cutting elements on the bottommost adjacent layer can cut the grass, thereby effectively improving the problem of temporal grass leakage and improving the cutting quality of the cutting mechanism.
  • the cutting time difference T between the first cutting element and the second cutting element successively cutting the grass at the same position within a single rotation cycle of the cutting device satisfies T ⁇ 5.5ms. If the cutting time difference is set to be less than 5.5ms, the speed is usually too fast. On the one hand, the cutting time difference is too small to make the grass rebound, which affects the cutting efficiency and the quality of the grass. On the other hand, it will increase the power consumption. The greater the cutting time difference between adjacent cutting elements, the more sufficient the rebound of the grass body, so that the cutting efficiency is higher. Further, the cutting time difference may be set to be greater than or equal to 8ms.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides another cutting mechanism, which can improve the structural grass leakage problem and the temporal grass leakage problem of the multi-layer blade cutting mechanism in a comprehensive manner.
  • the cutting mechanism includes a driving device and a cutting device connected to the driving device, the cutting device is configured to perform a cutting task driven by the driving device, the cutting device includes a plurality of cutting units stacked along the first direction, and each cutting unit includes At least one cutting element; a plurality of cutting units are connected to the driving device through a connecting portion; wherein the bottom cutting unit closest to the working surface has an exposed cutting portion beyond the connecting portion; wherein, in at least one second direction perpendicular to the first direction
  • the length L of the exposed cutting part and the single cutting amount X0 of the cutting device satisfy the relationship: L/X0 ⁇ 2.3; where, the single cutting amount X0 represents the length of the part of the cutting device that touches the grass during a single cutting process .
  • the above-mentioned cutting mechanism, its bottom cutting element can repeatedly cut the grass in the same area, so as to effectively avoid the occurrence of grass leakage in this area, ensure the cutting flatness of the lawn in this area, and improve the cutting quality of the lawn in this area .
  • the number of repeated cuttings is related to the moving speed of the cutting device. Therefore, how to determine the appropriate minimum number of repeated cuttings is the original point of this embodiment on the premise of taking cutting efficiency into consideration. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, by determining the number of times of repeated cutting to be greater than or equal to 2.3, cutting efficiency can be effectively taken into account, and weed leakage during cutting can be improved.
  • the number of repeated cuts may be greater than or equal to 3.4. In this way, it is beneficial to further improve the cutting quality.
  • the length of the exposed cutting portion of the bottommost cutting unit is greater than or equal to 55 mm. It can be seen from the formula that the length of the exposed cutting part is also related to the minimum number of repeated cuttings, and the exposed cutting part of the bottom cutting unit is also related to the overall size of the mower with the cutting mechanism installed. Therefore, considering both cutting efficiency and Under the premise of the overall size of the mower, how to determine the length of the exposed cutting part is the original point of this embodiment. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, by determining the length of the exposed cutting portion to be greater than or equal to 55 mm, the cutting efficiency and the overall size of the mower can be effectively taken into account, and the weed leakage during cutting can be improved.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides another cutting mechanism, which can at least be used to improve the problem of long grass clippings caused by the structural grass leakage of the multi-layer blade cutting mechanism.
  • the cutting mechanism includes a driving device and a cutting device connected to the driving device, the cutting device is configured to perform a cutting task driven by the driving device, the cutting device includes a plurality of cutting units stacked along the first direction, and each cutting unit includes At least one cutting element, each cutting unit forms a cutting field when performing a cutting task; in at least one second direction perpendicular to the first direction, between the edges of the cutting fields of at least one group of adjacent two cutting units There is a first preset distance S1, and the first preset distance S1 satisfies And the edge of the cutting field of the cutting unit close to the working surface is closer to the driving device; wherein, V represents the moving speed of the cutting device when performing the cutting task, n represents the rotational speed of the cutting device when performing the cutting task, N2 represents each cutting The number of cutting elements in the unit.
  • the above-mentioned cutting mechanism can effectively improve the problem of long grass clippings during cutting due to the excessively compact arrangement of adjacent blades in the horizontal direction, thereby helping to ensure the grass-cutting effect of the cutting mechanism and improve the cutting quality.
  • a plurality of cutting units are connected to the driving device through a connecting portion; among the plurality of cutting units, the bottom cutting unit closest to the working surface has an exposed cutting portion beyond the connecting portion; wherein, in at least one second direction,
  • the length L of the exposed cutting part and the single cutting amount X0 of the cutting device satisfy the relational formula: L/X0 ⁇ 2.3; wherein, the single cutting amount X0 represents the length of the part of the cutting device that touches the grass during a single cutting process.
  • the first preset distance S1 satisfies In this way, it is beneficial to meet the cutting quality requirements of most family gardens, and at the same time, this lower limit size can also better take into account the control of the overall size of the lawn mower.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides another cutting mechanism, which can at least be used to improve the problem of long grass clippings caused by the temporal grass leakage of the multi-layer blade cutting mechanism.
  • the cutting mechanism includes a driving device and a cutting device connected to the driving device, the cutting device is configured to perform a cutting task driven by the driving device, the cutting device includes a plurality of cutting units stacked along the first direction, and each cutting unit includes At least one cutting element; in at least one group of adjacent two cutting units, one cutting unit has a first cutting element set in a first phase, and the other cutting unit has a second cutting element set in a second phase, and the second cutting unit has a second cutting element set in a second phase.
  • the phase difference between the first cutting element and the second cutting element is configured such that the first cutting element and the second cutting element successively cut grass at the same location within a single rotational cycle of the cutting device.
  • the above-mentioned cutting mechanism can effectively improve the problem that the cutting mechanism produces long grass clippings during cutting due to the cutting time difference between adjacent layers of blades is too short and the grass cannot fully rebound, thereby helping to ensure the grass-cutting effect of the cutting mechanism and improve the cutting quality.
  • the cutting mechanism provided by the above embodiments of the present application can be installed on a lawnmower. Of course, it can also be applied to other electric cutting tools.
  • a lawn mower provided by an embodiment of the present application will be briefly described below with reference to FIG. 11 .
  • FIG. 11 it is a structural diagram of a lawnmower 90 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the lawnmower may include a housing 91 , a moving assembly 92 , a cutting device 30 and a driving device (not shown).
  • the casing 91 is used for accommodating the cutting device 30 and providing installation space for the moving assembly 92 and the driving assembly. At the same time, the casing 91 can also play a role of safety protection to prevent pedestrians or animals from being cut by the cutting device 30 .
  • the moving assembly 92 is disposed in the housing 91 and is used to drive the mower 90 to move, and may include a driving controller, a driving motor, a steering gear, tires and the like.
  • the driving device is disposed inside the housing 91 , and includes a motor and an output shaft respectively connected to the motor and the cutting device 30 to drive the cutting device 30 to rotate.
  • the cutting device 30 drives the cutting element to rotate in response to the driving of the driving device, so as to trim the lawn.
  • the device embodiment of the present application is described above with reference to FIG. 4 to FIG. 10 , and the method embodiment of the present application is described below in conjunction with FIG. 12 .
  • the preparation method provided in the embodiment of the present application is used to prepare any mechanism described above, and the specific structure of the mechanism can refer to the above description.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a cutting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be used to prepare a cutting mechanism, which includes a cutting device 30 as shown in FIG. 3 , and the cutting device 30 can perform a cutting task driven by a driving device.
  • the cutting device 30 may include a plurality of cutting units 31 , 32 , 33 stacked up and down, and the cutting unit includes at least one cutting element 311 , 321 , 331 .
  • Fig. 3 in two adjacent cutting units 31,32, wherein one cutting unit 32 has the first cutting element 321, another cutting unit 31 has the second cutting element 311, the first cutting element 321 and the second cutting element 311.
  • the cutting time difference of the cutting elements 311 is greater than or equal to a preset time, so that the first cutting element 321 and the second cutting element 311 can successively cut grass at the same position within a single rotation cycle of the cutting device 30 .
  • the method shown in FIG. 12 may include step S100.
  • step S100 according to the cutting time difference between the first cutting element 321 and the second cutting element 311, the phase difference between the first cutting element 321 and the second cutting element 311 and the cutting speed of the cutting device 30 driven by the driving device are configured.
  • the first cutting element 321 and the second cutting element 311 are two adjacent cutting elements. That is to say, the phase difference between two adjacent cutting elements and the cutting speed of the cutting device driven by the driving device can be configured according to the cutting time difference between two adjacent cutting elements.

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Abstract

一种切割机构以及割草机（90），其中，切割机构包括驱动装置（200）和与驱动装置（200）连接的切割装置（100），切割装置（100）被配置为在驱动装置（200）的驱动下执行切割任务，切割装置（100）包括沿第一方向A1层叠设置的多个切割单元（101、102、103、104、105），每个切割单元（101、102、103、104、105）包括至少一个切割元件（1011、1021、1031、1041、1051），每个切割单元（101、102、103、104、105）在执行切割任务时形成一切割域；在垂直于第一方向A1的至少一个第二方向A2上，最靠近工作表面的两个切割单元（101、102、103、104、105）的切割域的边缘之间具有第一预设间距S1，第一预设间距S1满足式aa，且最靠近工作表面的切割单元（101、102、103、104、105）的切割域的边缘在第二方向A2上更靠近驱动装置（200）；其中，V表示切割装置（100）在执行切割任务时的移动速度，n表示切割装置（100）在执行切割任务时的转速，N 2表示每个切割单元（101、102、103、104、105）中的切割元件（1011、1021、1031、1041、1051）数。

Description

切割机构以及割草机 技术领域
本申请涉及园林工具技术领域，具体涉及一种切割机构以及割草机。
背景技术
现有技术中的割草机一般采用汽油机驱动直刀旋转进行切割作业。为改善切割效果，将直刀的两端设置成具有加宽的翻边，使得刀片旋转时能够在割草机的内腔形成气流。该气流可以将切割产生的断草在腔体内抛起，从而有机会对该断草进行再次切割，使最终形成的断草比较细碎。但是，这种割草机体型大(难以在用户家庭院顺畅通行)、能耗高、噪音大并且碎草质量比较随机。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例为解决背景技术中存在的至少一个问题而提供一种切割机构以及割草机，以改善切割机构的切割质量。
第一方面，提供一种切割机构，包括驱动装置和与所述驱动装置连接的切割装置，所述切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，所述切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个所述切割单元包括至少一个切割元件，每个所述切割单元在执行切割任务时形成一切割域；其中,
在垂直于所述第一方向的至少一个第二方向上，最靠近工作表面的两个切割单元的切割域的边缘之间具有第一预设间距S1，所述第一预设间距S1满足
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000001
且最靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘在所述第二方向上更靠近所述驱动装置；
其中，V表示所述切割装置在执行切割任务时的移动速度，n表示所述切割装置在执行切割任务时的转速，N 2表示每个所述切割单元中的切割元件数。
第二方面，提供一种切割机构，包括驱动装置和与所述驱动装置连接的切割装置，所述切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，所述切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个所述切割单元包括至少一个切割元件；其中,
最靠近工作表面的两个切割单元中，一个切割单元具有设于第一相位的第一切割元件，另一切割单元具有设于第二相位的第二切割元件，所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件的相位差被配置为使所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件在所述切割装置的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草。
第三方面，提供一种切割机构，包括驱动装置和与所述驱动装置连接的切割装置，所述切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，所述切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个所述切割单元包括至少一个切割元件；其中，
所述多个切割单元通过连接部与所述驱动装置连接；其中，最靠近工作表面的底部切割单元具有超出所述连接部的外露切割部分；其中，在垂直于所述第一方向的至少一个第二方向上，所述外露切割部分的长度L与所述切割装置的单次切割量X0满足关系式：L/X0≥2.3；其中，所述单次切割量X0表示所述切割装置在单次切割过程中接触到草的部分的长度。
第四方面，提供一种切割机构，包括驱动装置和与所述驱动装置连接的切割装置，所述切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，所述切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个所述切割单元包括至少一个切割元件,每个所述切割单元在执行切割任务时形成一切割域；其中，
在垂直于所述第一方向的至少一个第二方向上，至少一组相邻的两个切割单元的切割域的边缘之间具有第一预设间距S1，所述第一预设间距S1满足
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000002
且靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘更靠近所述驱动装置；其中，V表示所述切割装置在执行切割任务时的移动速度，n表示所述切割装置在执行切割任务时的转速，N_2表示每个所述切割单元中的切割元件数。
第五方面，提供一种切割机构，包括驱动装置和与所述驱动装置连接的切割装置，所述切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，所述切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个所述切割单元包括至少一个切割元件；
其中,至少一组相邻的两个切割单元中，一个切割单元具有设于第一相位的第一切割元件，另一切割单元具有设于第二相位的第二切割元件，所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件的相位差被配置为使所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件在所述切割装置的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草。
第六方面，提供一种割草机，所述割草机包括：壳体；移动装置，与所述壳体连接并驱动所述割草机移动；如第一方面所述的切割机构，安装于所述壳体，用于执行切割任务。
本申请的切割装置在不同高度上设置多个切割单元，并使任意相邻的两个切割单元的切割域在垂直于多个切割单元层叠方向的至少一个第二方向上具有间距S1且
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000003
S1取值越大，越有利于改善切割装置工作时的漏草情况，进而提升切割机构的切割质量及切割效率；同时，S1的取值越靠近
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000004
则越有利于在改善漏草的同时保证切割机构整体的紧凑、小型化，进而有利于保证安装有该切割机构的割草机整体的紧凑、小型化(可在用户家庭院顺畅通行)。
除此之外，切割装置在进行切割时，位于切割装置不同高度上的多个切割单元能够对同一区域的草进行多次切割，以将草切碎。相比于传统的汽油机驱动的割草装置，本申请的切割装置不会形成气流，大大降低了切割装置割草时所需的功耗。
附图说明
图1为一种切割装置的结构示意图；
图2为另一种切割装置的结构示意图；
图3为切割装置的另一种漏草情形的示意图
图4为本申请一实施例提供的切割装置的结构示意图；
图5为本申请又一实施例提供的切割装置的仰视图；
图6为本申请另一实施例提供的切割装置的仰视图；
图7为本申请另一实施例提供的切割装置的结构示意图；
图8为本申请另一实施例提供的切割装置的结构示意图；
图9为本申请另一实施例提供的切割装置的结构示意图；
图10为本申请另一实施例提供的切割装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请一实施例提供的割草机的结构示意图；
图12为本申请一实施例提供的切割机构的制备方法的示意性流程图。
具体实施方式
下面为了便于理解本申请实施例，将先结合图1和图2对现有技术中的切割装置及其存在的问题进行详细的举例说明。
众所周知，通过汽油机驱动的直刀切割装置，在进行切割作业时，通过直刀的高速旋转在割草机的内腔形成上升气流。在上升气流的作用下，切割产生的断草会被吸入内腔，然后在重力的作用下，断草会回落到直刀的切割区域，此时，直刀能够对断草进行再次切割，以达到将草切碎的目的。然而，这种直刀切割装置由于需要通过高速旋转来提供上升气流，就导致直刀切割装置在碎草时所需的能耗较高。
为了降低碎草能耗，也可采取非汽油机驱动的切割装置。图1示出了现有技术中一种具有多层刀片的切割装置10的结构的仰视示意图。该切割装置包括刀盘11和设置在刀盘11上的第一切割单元12和第二切割单元13，其中第一切割单元12包括刀片121、122、123，第二切割单元13包括刀片131、132、133。该切割装置10具有双层结构，即图1中的两个切割单元12、13分别设置在切割装置10的不同高度上，以使切割装置10在进行切割作业时能将草切碎。如此，可无需形成气流而将草切碎，从而达到降低能耗的目的。
然而，切割装置10的结构参数一般采用经验设计。这种设计方式无法保证切割装置的结构参数与割草机的运行参数能够合理匹配，从而导致切割质量难以保证，进而影响切割效率。
示例性的，如图1所示，第一切割单元12中的刀片121和第二切割单元13中的刀片131布置 于不同相位，当进行割草作业时，切割装置10转动方向仰视时为顺时针，位于上层的刀片131切割到一区域的草后，在惯性作用下草身发生倾斜，此时，与该刀片131相邻的下层刀片121经过该区域时，草身还未完全回弹，致使下层的刀片121从倾倒的草身掠过，无法有效的切割到草，形成漏草，且切割后也容易留下较长的草屑，影响草面的平整美观。为方便叙述，可以将该种漏草情况称为时间性漏草。
示例性的,图2示出了另一种多层刀片切割装置20的结构的仰视示意图，图3示出了图2所示切割装置20执行具体切割任务时的另一种漏草情况。请参见图2，刀片231、221、211是同相位设置的刀片(第一列刀片)，刀片232、222、212是同相位设置的刀片(第二列刀片)，刀片233、223、213是同相位设置的刀片(第三列刀片)，三列刀片的相位各不相同，转动方向仰视时为逆时针。进一步的，结合图3可以看到，切割装置20以速度V向前移动，同时在驱动装置的驱动下每列刀片都可对草G进行切割，然而，如果各列刀片中的各个刀片在水平方向上设置的较为紧凑，则容易形成漏草，且切割后也容易留下较长的草屑，影响草面的平整美观。为方便叙述，可以将该种漏草情况称为结构性漏草。
作为一个示例，可取第一列刀片恰好接触草G但未开始切割的位置作为切割装置20的初始位置，则当切割装置20向前移动并转动到第二列刀片切割草时，刀片232首先会切割到长度为X0的草，但是在惯性作用下,长度为X0的草的草身会发生倾斜,从而导致刀片222从倾倒的草身掠过，对OM1部分的草形成漏割；而当切割装置20继续向前移动并转动到第三列刀片切割草时，刀片233会继续向前切割到长度为X0的草，但是在惯性作用下，该长度为X0的草的草身也会发生倾斜，从而导致刀片223从倾倒的草身掠过，对OM2部分的草形成漏割，同理，刀片213也会对OM3部分的草形成漏割，同时，刀片213还会将先前未切割掉的OM1部分的草连同草身未倾斜的草一同切割掉，从而留下较长的草屑；而当切割装置20继续向前移动并再次转动到第一列刀片切割草时，刀片231仍会继续向前切割到长度为X0的草，但是该部分长度为X0的草的草身会发生倾斜，导致刀片221对OM4部分的草形成漏割，同理，刀片211会对OM5部分的草形成漏割，同时刀片211还会将先前未切割掉的OM2部分的草连同草身未倾斜的草一同切割掉，从而留下较长的草屑，但由于刀片211、212、213是最底层刀片，因此其漏割的OM3部分的草将留在草表面不会再被切割，形成漏草。
为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种切割装置，通过合理配置切割装置的结构参数和运行参数，能够兼顾切割效率和切割质量，同时也有利于保证安装有该切割机构的割草机的整体尺寸的小型化。另一方面，本申请实施例提供的切割装置，通过设置多个切割单元之间的结构参数即可将草切碎，无需通过高速旋转而产生上升气流，有利于降低切割装置碎草时所需的功耗。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。需要说明的是，本申请中的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等用于只是参考附图对本申请进行说明，不作为限定用语。
图10示出了本申请一实施例提供的切割机构，该切割机构包括驱动装置200和与驱动装置200连接的切割装置100，切割装置100包括沿第一方向A1层叠设置的多个切割单元，被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务。可选的，驱动装置200可以包括电机和电机输出轴，切割装置100可与电机输出轴连接；驱动装置200还可以包括轮带形式的传动结构，切割装置100可与传动结构的驱动端连接。
切割装置100包括沿第一方向A1层叠设置的多个切割单元101、102、103、104、105，每个切割单元包括至少一个切割元件1011、1021、1031、1041、1051，每个切割单元在执行切割任务时形成一切割域。可选的，切割单元可以包括单个或多个分立的刀片；可选的，不同切割单元形成的切割域的轮廓可以一样也可以不一样；可选的，切割域的轮廓形状可以是规则的，例如可以是圆形、椭圆形，还可以是正方形、长方形、菱形等；可选的，切割域的边缘也可以是不规则的。
其中，在垂直于第一方向A1的至少一个方向第二方向A2上，最靠近工作表面的两个切割单元的切割域的边缘之间具有第一预设间距S1，第一预设间距S1满足
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000005
且最靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘在第二方向A2上更靠近驱动装置200；其中，V表示切割装置100在执行切割任务时的移动速度，n表示切割装置100在执行切割任务时的转速，N 2表示切割单元中的切割元件数。其中，工作表面至少包括草坪表面，草坪表面可以是平面、斜面、起伏的表面等。可以理解的是，如果采用一长刀片作为切割单元，并使驱动装置与长刀片的刀身连接，则可认为该层切割单元中的切割元件数为2，连接处至长刀片端部的刀身部分可视为一个切割元件。其中，“最靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘在第二方向A2上更靠近驱动装置200”表示，执行切割任务时 最靠近工作表面的两个切割单元中，最下层的切割单元的切割域边缘相比于另一切割单元更靠近驱动装置200。
如图10所示，最靠近工作表面的两个切割单元为切割单元101、102，最下层切割单元101可在执行切割任务时形成第一切割域，另一切割单元102可在执行切割任务时形成第二切割域，第一切割域的边缘和第二切割域的边缘在至少一个第二方向A2上具有大于等于
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000006
的第一预设间距S1，换言之，第一切割域的和第二切割域的边缘还可在另一第二方向A2上具有第二预设间距，并且，在这些第二方向A2上，最靠近工作表面的切割单元101的第一切割域的边缘在这些第二方向A2上相比于切割单元102的第二切割域的边缘更靠近驱动装置200。
可选的，如图10所示，切割单元101具有3个分立的切割元件1011，切割单元102具有3个分立的切割元件1021，切割元件1011的最远离驱动轴的端部的转动轨迹可形成第一切割域的边缘；同样，切割元件1021的最远离驱动轴的端部的转动轨迹可形成第二切割域的边缘。可选的，如图10所示，第一切割域的边缘和第二切割域的边缘之间的第一预设间距S1，可表示为，在第二方向A2上，切割元件1051的最远离其安装轴的端部与切割元件1041的最远离其安装轴的端部之间的间距。
由前述有关结构性漏草的分析可知，如果切割装置最底部相邻层刀片在水平方向上设置的较为紧凑，则容易形成结构性漏草。因此，如图3所示，在理论上如果使最底层切割单元的切割域的边缘与其相邻的切割单元的切割域的边缘在水平方向上的间距大于或等于其单次切割量X0便可解决这一结构性漏草的问题。
其中，切割元件的单次切割量X0表示每个切割元件在单次切割过程中接触到草的部分的长度，换言之，每个切割元件在单次切割过程中能够切到的草的长度。例如切割装置的转速为n(r/min)，切割装置沿割草机运行方向的移动速度为V(m/s)，切割装置每转动一圈，其移动的距离(即切割装置沿移动方向切割到的草的长度)为
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000007
从而当每个切割单元中具有N 2(例如图10所示的切割装置，N 2的取值为3)个切割元件时，切割元件的单次切割量X 0(mm)为：
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000008
然而，在实际切割时，草身并不是绝对笔直的，受草自身的重力影响，草身实际会向一侧倾斜，因此，可以以X0为基准调整最底部相邻层切割单元的切割域的边缘的水平间距，来实际测试切割机构的切割效果。
表1示出了测试数据中的14组示例性参数数据，并标示出了切割效果较好的几组参数数据。其中，切割效果的好坏判断可对标传统汽油机驱动的割草机的切割效果，例如，如果与传统汽油机驱动的割草机相比切割效果基本一致，则可认为该组数据对应的切割机构的切割效果较好。示例性的，可根据草面切割端口的平整度以及草面上草的铺洒情况来评估切割效果，例如，如果草面切割端口有轻微波浪，以及有少量的草均匀的铺在草面上，则可认为该组数据对应的切割机构的切割效果较好。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000009
可以看到，表1中序号为1、3、4、6、7、8、9、11、12、13、14的数据对应的切割机构的切割效果较好。其中，经过对美国用户家庭草坪的调研，序号9的数据对应的切割机构可满足大部分美国家庭用户草坪的切割需求，该组数据中，第一预设间距S1为0.8X0。其中，序号14示出了在单层刀片数量N 2为5时，第一预设间距S1的一种最小可选数值为4.8mm，约为0.5X0。
可以理解的是，理论上S1取值越大，越有利于改善切割装置工作时因草倾斜而产生的漏草情况，进而提升切割机构的切割质量及切割效率，但是S1越大，切割机构的尺寸也容易过大，进而安装有该切割机构的割草机的整机尺寸也容易过大，不利于割草机的小型化。从而，S1的取值越靠近或等于
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000010
越有利于在改善漏草的同时保证切割机构整体的紧凑、小型化，进而有利于保证安装有该切割机构的割草机整体的紧凑、小型化(可在用户家庭庭院顺畅通行)。
通过上述设置，在执行切割作业时，位于上层的切割单元102中的切割元件会先切割到草，之后最下层切割单元的切割元件将会再次对草进行切割，并且由于第一切割域的边缘和第二切割域的边缘在至少一个第二方向A2上具有合适的第一预设间距，可避免形成类似OM3部分的漏草，从而有效改善前述的结构性漏草问题，提升切割质量，保证草坪表面的平整美观；另一方面，在改善漏草的同时，第一预设间距S1也可设置的较小(例如可以小于X0)，从而有利于兼顾安装有该切割机构的割草机的整机尺寸的控制。
除此之外，切割装置100在进行切割时，位于切割装置100不同高度上的多个切割单元能够对同一区域的草进行多次切割，以将草切碎。相比于传统的汽油机驱动的直刀割草装置，本申请的切割装置不会形成气流，大大降低了切割装置割草时所需的功耗。
示例性的，表2示出了本申请不同实施例在相同工况下对比各品牌ZTR割草时切割机构的切割能耗比(为方便比较统一换算成切割1000平时的切割能耗)的测试数据。
表2
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000011
由表2可以看到，对于不同草种，在达到预期的割草效果(预期的割草效果可参考表1所指的割草效果)时，本申请切割机构的切割能耗仅为传统ZTR机型的切割能耗的28％～44％。可见，本申请的切割机构相比于传统商用割草机大大降低了切割能耗，具备较高的应用价值和应用前景。
在一些实施方式中，如图10所示，切割装置100还具有另一组相邻的两个切割单元，其中，一个切割单元在执行切割任务时具有一切割域，另一切割单元在执行切割任务时具有另一切割域。以切割单元104和105为例，切割单元104在执行切割任务时具有第三切割域，切割单元105执行切割任务时具有第四切割域。其中，在垂直于第一方向A1的至少一个第二方向A2上，该两个切割单元的切割域的边缘之间的间距(例如第三切割域的边缘和第四切割域的边缘之间的间距S5)大于或等于
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000012
且靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘在第二方向A2上更靠近驱动装置200。结合前述结构性漏草的分析，如此设置可使相邻的切割单元均能切割到同一位置的草，从而减少长草屑的形成，使草能更多落到地面而不会堆积在草表面，提升切割机构的碎草质量。可以理解的是，S1和S5可以相同也可以不同。
在一些实施方式中，如图10所示，切割装置100的任意相邻的两个切割单元中，一个切割单元在执行切割任务时具有一切割域，另一切割单元在执行切割任务时具有另一切割域；其中，在垂直于所述第一方向A1的至少一个第二方向A2上，该两个切割单元的切割域的边缘之间的间距大于或等于
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000013
且靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘在第二方向A2上更靠近驱动装置200。换言之，切割装置100中各相邻切割域在至少一个第二方向A2上的间距S1、S3、S4、S5均大于或等于
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000014
如此可使任意相邻的切割单元均能切割到同一位置的草，从而大大减少长草屑的形成，使草基本能落到地面而不会堆积在草表面，进一步提升切割机构的碎草质量。可以理解的是，S1、S3、S4、S5的大小可以全相同也可以不全相同。
需要指出的是，不同切割场景下(例如家用切割场景和商用切割场景)，切割装置100的移动速度可以不同，例如可以在1m/s～5m/s之间变化，切割装置100的转速也可以不同，例如可以在2000r/min～3200r/min之间变化；同样，为改善漏草，每个切割单元中的切割元件数N 2的数量也可 以不同，例如可以在1个～5个之间变化。在上述情况下，仍可通过控制
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000015
来满足既有效改善漏草，提升切割质量，同时也能兼顾切割机构整体尺寸的小型化的需求。
在一些实施方式中，第一预设间距S1满足
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000016
考虑到大部分家庭庭院的实际修剪效果，通过控制
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000017
可更好地满足大部分家庭庭院的切割质量需求，同时这一下限尺寸也能较好地兼顾割草机整体尺寸的控制；并且，在可选的实施方式中，单层切割单元3把刀片(切割元件)的设置也更容易节约制备成本和维护成本。
在本申请的一些实施方式中，第一预设间距S1可以取10mm≤S1≤25mm。例如，S1可以取10mm、12mm、14mm、16mm、18mm、20mm、22mm、25mm等。通过使S1满足上述范围，有利于使切割机构满足大部分切割场景下的改善漏草的需求。以表1所示为例，对于满足切割效果的切割机构的不同组要素参数中，第一预设间距S1可以取10mm、12mm、15mm、25mm。
在一些实施方式中，每个切割元件的厚度K满足0.6mm≤K≤2mm，例如，可以是0.6mm、0.8mm、1mm、1.2mm、1.4mm、1.6mm、1.8mm、2mm。通过上述设置，可使刀片足够锋利从而将草割断，从而有助于降低刀片的线速度，进一步降低切割装置100的功耗。若厚度过大，例如大于2mm，虽然刀片撞击后不容易断裂，但是相应的驱动能耗也会增加；若厚度过小，例如小于0.6mm，可使刀片越锋利能耗也越小，但是刀片薄撞击后容易断裂。
在一些实施方式中，至少一个切割元件具有相对的两个切割侧,每个切割侧均设置有切割刃口。如此，通过控制驱动装置200电机的正反转，可使两个切割侧分别对草进行切割，降低了仅单侧切割带来的损耗，有利于延长切割元件的使用寿命，降低维护成本。在另一些实施方式中，当一侧的刀刃发生磨损时也可以将切割元件调转方向重复使用，以节约刀片更换的成本。
在一些实施方式中，至少一个切割元件的切割刃口为双面刃。相比于单面刃的切割元件，双面刃由于是双面开刃，切割时受力更均匀，对切割角度的要求小；而单面刃由于是单面开刃，切割时若要保证受力需设置一定的切割角度，换言之，单面刃切割时更容易磨损，相比于双面刃耐用性较低，寿命较短，不利于控制维护成本。可选的，双面刃的两面的夹角可以是20度～30度。
在一些实施方式中，每个切割元件还可以与其安装部为设置为可相对活动的结构。例如，可以设置为甩刀结构，即切割刀片与其安装部之间可具有间隙，以使切割刀片在受到外力作用时可绕其安装端部的轴线转动。如此，切割装置旋转时，甩刀因为惯性可使刀片伸直将草割断，另外，甩刀碰到障碍物后可使刀片回转从而避免损伤刀片刃口。
图4示出了本申请另一实施例提供的切割装置30，切割装置30可用于割草机(包括自行式割草机或手推式割草机)。割草机可以具有驱动装置。该驱动装置可以驱动切割装置30转动，以带动其上的多个切割单元旋转进行切割作业。该驱动装置可以是切割装置30的一部分，也可以与切割装置30相互独立设置。
本实施例提供的切割装置30可包括多个切割单元31、32、33。每个切割单元可以包括至少一个切割元件。该至少一个切割元件可以以切割装置的回转轴为中心周向设置。多个切割单元31、32、33可以在切割装置30的不同高度上依次层叠设置。割草机在行进过程中，位于不同高度上的多个切割单元31、32、33可以对草进行多次切割，从而达到碎草的目的。另一方面，切割装置30利用层叠设置的多个切割单元31、32、33即可将草切碎，无需产生上升气流，能够显著降低切割装置30的功耗。
继续参阅图4，以切割单元31和切割单元32为例，位于上层的切割单元32具有第一切割元件321，最下层(最靠近工作表面)的切割单元31上具有第二切割元件311。第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311非同相位设置时，切割装置30旋转进行切割作业，第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311在切割同一区域的草时具有一切割时间差，通过合理的设置割草机的运行参数(例如切割装置的转速n和单层切割单元的切割元件数N 2)，使得该切割时间差大于一预设时间，从而使得当第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311能在所述切割装置30的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草。
上述切割装置30的单个转动周期是指切割装置30被驱动装置驱动绕其中心轴转动一圈的单个周期。例如，当驱动装置30的转速为2500r/min时，驱动装置30绕其中心轴旋转一圈需要的时间为24ms，此时驱动装置30的单个转动周期即为24ms。例如，当驱动装置30的转速为3200r/min时，驱动装置30绕其中心轴旋转一圈需要的时间为18.75ms，此时驱动装置30的单个转动周期即为18.75ms。
如此设置的有益效果在于，在单个转动周期内，当某一位置的草在第一切割元件321进行切割后发生倾斜，此时位于下层的第二切割元件311还未接触到该区域的草，而由于上述切割时间差的 存在，使得草身在第二切割元件311运动到该区域之前能充分回弹，从而确保第二切割元件311能够实现对草的有效切割，改善时间性漏草的问题，进而可使切割装置30在进行切割作业时能够兼具较高的切割效率和切割质量。另外，切割装置30在进行切割作业时所需的功耗也较低。
可选地，继续参阅图4，当第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311先后切割同一位置的草时，第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311的离地高度可以小于草的最高点的离地高度。这样，第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311在经过同一区域的草时，确保都能够切割到该区域的草。
可选的，第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311相位相邻设置，有利于进一步保证切割质量，提升切割装置30的切割效率。本实施例中，各切割单元的相位排布方式只要能满足上述条件即可，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。例如，作为一种实现方式，如图5所示的，切割装置40中不同层的切割单元周向错位排布，即各切割单元中的多个切割元件的相位均不相同。具体来说，若将各个切割单元中的多个切割元件均投影到垂直于切割装置回转轴的平面上，各切割元件的投影之间不会存在重合。此时通过合理设置割草机的运行参数，使得切割装置在行走作业的过程中，在上层的切割元件完成切割后，位于下层的切割元件会在预设的时间间隔(该时间间隔足以保证草身能够充分回弹)后对同一位置的草进行二次切割，能够最大化的利用切割装置，显著提高切割效率，并在一定程度上降低割草机的功耗。
作为另一种实现方式，如图6所示，切割装置50中的多个切割元件上下层叠设置形成多列切割元件，其中每列切割元件中的各切割元件具有相同的相位。换句话说，若将各个切割单元中的多个切割元件都投影到垂直于切割装置回转轴的平面上，各列切割元件中的多个切割元件的投影之间存在重合。更具体的，在垂直于切割装置回转轴的平面上，每列切割元件中的多个切割元件的投影之间形成多个重合区域，且多个重合区域位于同一条直线上，这样设置使得上下层相邻相位的切割元件在切割同一区域的草时具有最大的时间差，以使草身能够充分回弹以被相邻层相邻相位的切割元件(以下简称相邻切割元件)切割，提高切割效率和切割质量。具体的，当切割装置50的转速为n(r/min)时，相邻切割元件的最大切割时间差(单位为毫秒，ms)为(60*1000)/(nN 2)，其中，N 2表示每个切割单元中切割元件的数量。
可选的，任意的相邻切割元件的切割时间差大于或等于所述预设时间，以使两个切割元件能在切割装置50的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草。如此有利于进一步兼顾切割效率和切割质量。
本申请实施例对相邻切割元件的切割时间差的取值不做具体限定，例如，所述切割时间差可以大于或等于5.5ms，使草身能够在下层刀片切割之前能够充分回弹。例如，可以取切割时间差为5.7ms、6.25ms、7ms、8ms、9ms、11ms、12ms等。如果将切割时间差设置为小于5.5ms，则通常转速过快，一方面切割时间差过小不足以使草身回弹，影响切割效率和碎草质量，另一方面还会导致功耗增加。相邻的切割元件的切割时间差越大，草身的回弹更充分，使得切割效率越高。进一步的，可将切割时间差设置为大于或等于8ms。
本申请实施例对切割装置的具体结构不做限定，只要能满足本申请实施例所述功能的任意结构形式均在本申请保护的范围之内。例如，作为一种实现方式，如图7所示，切割装置60可包括层叠设置的多层刀盘61、62、63，切割单元611、621、631分别安装在刀盘61、62、63之上，驱动装置驱动刀盘61、62、63旋转进而带动切割元件6111、6211、6311作业。刀盘61、62、63的形状优选为圆形，圆形刀盘加工工艺简单、质量分布均匀具有较好的运动特性。当然，也可根据实际需要将其设置为其他任意形状。
在另一种实施方式中，参阅图8，切割装置70可包括支架71以及安装在支架上的多个切割单元72、73、74，驱动装置驱动支架旋转带动切割元件721、731、741旋转进行切割作业。本实施例对支架的结构形式不做具体限定。例如图8所示，可将支架71设置为圆柱形(即支架71的纵截面为矩形)，圆柱形的支架易于加工，成本较低。可将多个切割单元72、73、74中的切割元件721、731、741的长度设置为自下而上依次递增，以使各切割单元72、73、74的切割直径依次增大。作为另一种实现方式，如图9所示，可将支架81设置为圆台形(即支架81的纵截面为倒梯形)。可将多个切割单元82、83、84中的切割元件821、831、841的长度设置为相等，使得切割单元82、83、84的切割直径依次增大。等长设置的切割元件821、831、841具有较好的互换性，能够降低切割元件821、831、841的更换成本。
进一步的，参阅图7-图9，在刀盘或支架的周边可设置用于安装切割单元的安装部64，该安装部64可以是独立连接在刀盘或支架上的，或者也可与刀盘或支架一体成型。
切割元件可通过连接件固定在安装部64上。连接件可以为螺钉，安装部64上设置有与所述螺钉相匹配的螺纹孔，采用螺钉连接可以以较低成本的方式实现对切割元件的固定。当然，作为可能的实现方式，也可采用铆接、焊接或粘接等本领域公知的方式实现对切割元件的固定。
在一些实施方式中，可在切割元件和安装部64之间设置空隙，形成甩刀结构，保证切割元件能够在空隙内转动。在切割作业过程中，切割元件在离心力的作用下向远离回转中心的方向旋转，而当切割元件碰到石头或树枝等障碍物时，能够在空隙中自由转动以避免造成损坏，降低维修成本。
本申请实施例对切割元件的结构不做具体限定，切割元件的结构可以为目前业内已知的任意形式。具体的，例如可以为刀片、金属线等金属或非金属元件。可选地，切割元件为刀片，所述刀片包括基部和刀刃，刀刃至少部分设置在基部的外周。其中，每个刀片可为规则或不规则的形状，例如可以为圆形、矩形或其他形状。
在一些实施方式中，相邻的两个切割单元之间的高度差优选的为8mm～25mm，例如可以是8mm、10mm、12mm、14mm、16mm、18mm、20mm、22mm、25mm。通过上述设置，有利于兼顾割草机的功耗和碎草质量，并使得切割后的碎草能够更容易的渗入草地的空隙中。当高度差过低时，例如小于10mm，会导致切割装置的负载增加，进一步导致驱动能耗增加；而当高度差过大时，如大于15mm，会使切割的碎草较长，不易渗入草地的空隙中，影响草坪美观。若长草屑较多，则往往需要再割一次，进而影响切割效率。当然，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定，可根据实际工况进行调整。
在一些实施方式中，多个切割单元的高度H满足27mm≤H≤75mm，例如，H可以取27mm、30mm、35mm、40mm、45mm、50mm、55mm、60mm、65mm、70mm、75mm等。通过调研可知，美国割草市场的用户家的待割草长度大部分通常低于3英寸，其中，大部分在2～2.5英寸。通过将上述设置，可使切割装置满足美国市场的大部分家庭庭院的切割需求。本申请实施例对相邻切割单元之间的高度差相同与否不做限制。例如，作为一种可能的实现方式，可以将不同切割单元之间的高度差设置为不同。或者，作为另一种可能的实现方式，可将不同切割单元之间的高度设置为相同。
在一些实施方式中，切割装置的切割直径可设置为大于或等于180mm，例如可以是180mm、200mm、240mm、280mm、300mm、330mm、340mm、356mm。这样使得切割装置能够具有较大的切割宽度，能够有效提高切割效率；此外，在同等转速的情况下，切割装置的直径越大，刀尖部分的动能也就越大，这样能够进一步提高切割效率。可选的，最底层切割单元的切割直径小于或等于340mm，以保证切割机构整体尺寸的小型化。
在一些实施方式中，切割装置的转速可选地小于或等于4000r/min。需要指出的是，切割时间差的大小与切割装置的转速成反比，转速越低，切割时间差越大，能够使切割装置较好的避免时间性漏草。当切割装置的转速较高时，虽然切割动能变大，但是切割时间差相应的减小，若此时的切割时间差不足以使草身完成回弹，则仍会导致时间性漏草。因此，切割装置转速应该在满足切割时间差的要求的基础上选择较大的值以提高效率。本申请实施例将切割装置的转速设置为小于或等于4000r/min，使得切割装置能够兼具较好的切割效率和切割质量。
在一些实施方式中，单个切割单元中切割元件的数量小于或等于5个，例如可以是1个、2个、3个、4个、5个。当然，在其他实施方式中，切割元件的数量不局限于此，在保证切割时间差的取值的前提下，可根据实际需要进行设置。在同等转速的条件下，切割元件的数量越多，相邻切割元件的切割时间差越小。此外，切割元件的使用寿命与切割元件的数量负相关，切割元件的数量越多，切割元件的损耗越小，相应的切割元件的使用寿命越长。因此，应当在保证切割时间差的前提下选择较多的切割元件数量，使得切割装置具有较长的使用寿命和较大的切割时间差。本申请实施例将单个切割单元中的切割元件的数量设置为3个，可以使切割装置兼具较大的切割时间差和较长的使用寿命。需要指出的是，本申请所述的切割元件均是用于执行切割任务的元件，若刀盘上虽然设置刀片但并不是用来切割的，则不应理解为本申请所述的切割元件。
同时，本申请实施例对每个切割单元中的切割元件的数量相同与否不做限制。例如，作为一种可能的实现方式，可以将不同切割单元中的切割元件的数量设置为不同。或者，作为另一种可能的实现方式，可将不同切割单元中的切割元件数量设置为相同。在本申请的一个实施例中，同一切割单元中的多个切割元件可沿切割装置的回转方向均匀设置，使切割装置能够在运转过程中负载平衡，以降低驱动装置的功耗。
在一些实施方式中，切割元件具有在切割过程中与草接触的刀尖部分。刀尖部分的动能与切割元件的单次切割量的比值对于切割质量具有较大的影响，且上述比值的大小与切割质量基本成正比。
下面结合附图和前述的单次切割量对刀尖部分的动能做详细的解释说明。
对于刀尖动能，在前述同等条件下进行切割作业时，单个切割元件远离回转中心的一端(即切割元件的最远端)的长度为X 0(mm)的一段(即切割元件的刀尖部分)最先与草接触。结合图4，以最底层切割单元31中的切割元件311为例，切割元件最远端的回转直径(即切割装置的最大切割宽度)为D(mm)，切割元件的宽度为b(mm)，切割元件的刀尖部分的重量为m X0，w表示刀尖部分的角速度。此时，根据上述条件能够得出，切割元件的刀尖部分的动能E(J)为：
E＝0.5Iw 2
其中，I表示刀尖部分的转动惯量，可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000018
因此，切割元件刀尖部分的动能与切割元件的单次切割量的比值E 0(J/mm)为：
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000019
在一些实施方式中，上述切割元件刀尖部分的动能与切割元件的单次切割量的比值E 0优选的设置为大于或等于0.1J/mm，此时刀尖部分具有较大的切割动能，切割时不会发生刀片避让而无法切割掉草的情况，从而能够具有较好的切割质量。当上述比值E 0小于0.1时，即代表刀尖部分的动能较小和/或单次切割量较大。若刀尖部分的动能较小，切割装置在与草身接触时会存在因动能不足而无法将草切断的情况，使切割质量降低；单次切割量越大，切割装置在作业时的切割阻力越大，需要的驱动功率越高，同时因切到的草的长度范围较大，使得在一些情况下草不能完全被切断，降低了切割的效率。本申请实施例将比值E 0设置为大于0.1，使得切割装置能兼具较高的切割效率和切割质量。
在一些实施方式中，继续参阅图4，以执行切割任务时最靠近工作表面切割单元31中的切割元件311为例，切割元件311在执行切割任务时可形成底部切割域，且包括位于切割元件311所属的刀盘覆盖范围外的长度为L的外露部分，切割元件311外露部分的长度与单次切割量的比值N为：
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000020
切割元件外露部分的长度与单次切割量的比值N反映了同一区域的草被同一层切割元件切割的次数，该同一区域的长度等于切割元件的单次切割量。上述比值N又称重复切割次数。
根据上式，比值N的大小与外露部分的长度L、单层刀片的数量N 2以及刀盘的转速n正相关，与切割装置的行进速度v负相关。
比值N反映了同一区域的草被切割的次数，比值N越大，即意味着同一层切割元件经过同一区域的次数越多，切割的越平整，越不容易漏草，切割效果也越好，换言之，增加重复切割次数可以以一种兜底的方式改善切割装置的结构性漏草和时间性漏草问题。当比值N过小时，会存在漏草的风险，降低切割质量。因此，在本申请一个实施例中，可以将比值N设置为大于或等于2.3。进一步地，比值N可以设置为大于或等于3.4。更进一步地，可将比值N设置为大于或等于4。
在本申请实施例中，切割元件露出所属刀盘的部分的露出长度可根据实际情况设置。例如，为提高重复切割次数以提高切割效率，可将露出长度设置为较大的值，当露出部分的长度较小时，相应的切割元件的重复切割次数降低，使得切割装置的效率较低。在本申请一个实施例中，切割元件的露出长度优选的设置为大于或等于55mm。在本申请一个实施例中，切割元件的露出长度优选的设置为大于或等于57mm。
在一些实施方式中，参见图10，多个切割单元还包括与底部切割单元连接的其余切割单元，其中，其余切割单元通过第一连接部与驱动装置连接，底部切割单元通过第二连接部与第一连接部连接；其中，在第二方向A2上，底部切割域的边缘与第一连接部之间具有第二预设间距S2；其中，第二预设间距S2满足S2≥S1。在执行切割任务时，第一连接部会先于最下层(底部)切割元件碰到草形成压草而对最下层刀片的切割造成影响，通过将第二预设间距S2设置为大于或等于第一预设间距S1，可以有效补偿切割因第一连接部的压草造成的漏草，从而提升切割质量。
可选的，第二预设间距S2的范围可以为10mm～40mm。例如，S2可以取10mm、15mm、20mm、25mm、30mm、35mm、40mm。若S2过小，例如低于10mm，则较难对第一连接部的压草进行补偿切割，若S2过大，例如大于40mm，则较难保证切割机构整体尺寸的小型化。
以上所述，对本申请实施例提供的切割装置以及影响切割效果的重要参数做了详细的说明。上述参数之间可以相互结合，通过合理配置切割装置中各个参数也可提升割草机的切割质量。
本申请实施例还提供另一种切割机构，可至少用于改善多层刀片切割机构的时间性漏草问题。
该切割机构包括驱动装置和与驱动装置连接的切割装置，切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个切割单元包括至少一个切割元件；其中，最靠近工作表面的两个切割单元中，一个切割单元具有设于第一相位的第一切割元件，另一切割单元具有设于第二相位的第二切割元件，第一切割元件和第二切割元件的相位差被配置为使第一切割元件和第二切割元件在切割装置的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草。
上述切割机构，可以给予草充分的回弹时间，从而有利于最底部的相邻层切割元件都能切割到 草，从而有效改善时间性漏草问题，提升切割机构的切割质量。
在一些实施方式中，第一切割元件和第二切割元件在切割装置的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草的切割时间差T满足T≥5.5ms。如果将切割时间差设置为小于5.5ms，则通常转速过快，一方面切割时间差过小不足以使草身回弹，影响切割效率和碎草质量，另一方面还会导致功耗增加。相邻的切割元件的切割时间差越大，草身的回弹更充分，使得切割效率越高。进一步的，可将切割时间差设置为大于或等于8ms。
本申请实施例还提供另一种切割机构，能以兜底的方式改善多层刀片切割机构的结构性漏草问题和时间性漏草问题。
该切割机构包括驱动装置和与驱动装置连接的切割装置，切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个切割单元包括至少一个切割元件；多个切割单元通过连接部与驱动装置连接；其中，最靠近工作表面的底部切割单元具有超出连接部的外露切割部分；其中，在垂直于第一方向的至少一个第二方向上，外露切割部分的长度L与切割装置的单次切割量X0满足关系式：L/X0≥2.3；其中，单次切割量X0表示切割装置在单次切割过程中接触到草的部分的长度。
上述切割机构，其最底层切割元件能够对同一区域的草进行多次重复切割，从而可有效避免该区域的漏草情况的发生，保证该区域草坪的切割平整度，提升该区域草坪的切割质量。可以理解的是，重复切割次数与切割装置的移动速度有关，因此，在兼顾切割效率的前提下，如何确定合适的最小重复切割次数正是本实施例的独创点。示例性的，本实施例通过确定重复切割次数大于等于2.3，可有效兼顾切割效率，并改善切割时的漏草情况。
在一些实施方式中，重复切割次数可大于等于3.4。如此，有利于进一步提升切割质量。
在一些实施方式中，最底层切割单元的外露切割部分的长度大于等于55mm。有公式可知，外露切割部分的长度也与最小重复切割次数有关，并且，最底层切割单元的外露切割部分还与安装有切割机构的割草机的整机尺寸有关，因此，在兼顾切割效率和割草机整机尺寸的前提下，如何确定该外露切割部分的长度正是本实施例的独创点。示例性的，本实施例通过确定该外露切割部分的长度大于等于55mm，可有效兼顾切割效率、割草机的整机尺寸，并改善切割时的漏草情况。
本申请实施例还提供另一种切割机构，可至少用于改善多层刀片切割机构的结构性漏草导致的长草屑问题。
该切割机构包括驱动装置和与驱动装置连接的切割装置，切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个切割单元包括至少一个切割元件,每个切割单元在执行切割任务时形成一切割域；在垂直于第一方向的至少一个第二方向上，至少一组相邻的两个切割单元的切割域的边缘之间具有第一预设间距S1，第一预设间距S1满足
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000021
且靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘更靠近驱动装置；其中，V表示切割装置在执行切割任务时的移动速度，n表示切割装置在执行切割任务时的转速，N 2表示每个切割单元中的切割元件数。
上述切割机构，可以有效改善切割机构因相邻层刀片在水平方向上设置过于紧凑导致切割时产生长草屑的问题，从而有利于保证切割机构的碎草效果，提升切割质量。
在一些实施方式中，多个切割单元通过连接部与驱动装置连接；多个切割单元中最靠近工作表面的底部切割单元具有超出连接部的外露切割部分；其中，在至少一个第二方向上，外露切割部分的长度L与切割装置的单次切割量X0满足关系式：L/X0≥2.3；其中，单次切割量X0表示切割装置在单次切割过程中接触到草的部分的长度。如此，通过最底层刀片对同一区域的重复切割，有利于改善切割机构的漏草问题。
在一些实施方式中，第一预设间距S1满足
Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-000022
如此，有利于满足大部分家庭庭院的切割质量需求，同时这一下限尺寸也能较好地兼顾割草机整体尺寸的控制。
本申请实施例还提供另一种切割机构，可至少用于改善多层刀片切割机构的时间性漏草导致的长草屑问题。
该切割机构包括驱动装置和与驱动装置连接的切割装置，切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个切割单元包括至少一个切割元件；其中至少一组相邻的两个切割单元中，一个切割单元具有设于第一相位的第一切割元件， 另一切割单元具有设于第二相位的第二切割元件，第一切割元件和第二切割元件的相位差被配置为使第一切割元件和第二切割元件在切割装置的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草。
上述切割机构，可以有效改善切割机构因相邻层刀片的切割时间差过短草无法充分回弹导致切割时产生长草屑的问题，从而有利于保证切割机构的碎草效果，提升切割质量。
本申请上述各实施例提供的切割机构可用于安装在割草机上。诚然，还可将其应用于其他电动切割工具上。下面结合附图11对本申请一实施例提供的割草机进行简要描述。
参阅图11，为本申请一实施例提供的割草机90的结构示意图，该割草机可包括壳体91，移动组件92，切割装置30以及驱动装置(未示出)。
其中，壳体91用于容纳切割装置30以及提供移动组件92和驱动组件的安装空间。同时，壳体91还能够起到安全防护的作用，以避免行人或动物等被切割装置30割伤。
移动组件92设置于壳体91内，用于驱动割草机90移动，可包括驱动控制器、驱动电机、转向舵机以及轮胎等。
驱动装置设置于壳体91内部，包括电机和分别连接电机和切割装置30的输出轴，以驱动切割装置30旋转。
切割装置30响应于驱动装置的驱动进而带动切割元件转动，对草坪进行修剪。
上文结合图4-图10，描述了本申请的装置实施例，下面结合图12描述本申请的方法实施例。本申请实施例提供的制备方法用于制备上文介绍的任意一种机构，机构的具体结构可以参见上文的描述。
图12所示为本申请实施例提供的切割机构的制备方法的示意性流程图。该方法可用于制备切割机构，该切割机构包括如图3所示的切割装置30，切割装置30能够在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务。切割装置30可包括上下层叠设置的多个切割单元31、32、33，切割单元包括至少一个切割元件311、321、331。
继续参见图3，相邻的两个切割单元31、32中，其中一个切割单元32具有第一切割元件321，另一切割单元31具有与第二切割元件311，第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311的切割时间差大于或等于一预设时间，以使第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311能在所述切割装置30的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草。
图12所示的方法可以包括步骤S100。
在步骤S100，根据第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311的切割时间差，配置第一切割元件321与第二切割元件311之间的相位差以及切割装置30在驱动装置驱动下的切割转速。
可选的，第一切割元件321和第二切割元件311为相邻的两个切割元件。也就是说，可以根据相邻两个切割元件的切割时间差，配置相邻两个切割元件的相位差以及切割装置在驱动装置驱动下的切割转速。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。并且，以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (32)

  1. 一种切割机构，包括驱动装置和与所述驱动装置连接的切割装置，所述切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，所述切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个所述切割单元包括至少一个切割元件，每个所述切割单元在执行切割任务时形成一切割域；
    其特征在于,
    在垂直于所述第一方向的至少一个第二方向上，最靠近工作表面的两个切割单元的切割域的边缘之间具有第一预设间距S1，所述第一预设间距S1满足
    Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-100001
    且最靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘在所述第二方向上更靠近所述驱动装置；
    其中，V表示所述切割装置在执行切割任务时的移动速度，n表示所述切割装置在执行切割任务时的转速，N 2表示每个所述切割单元中的切割元件数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的切割机构，其特征在于，还具有另一组相邻的两个切割单元，其中，一个切割单元在执行切割任务时具有一切割域，另一切割单元在执行切割任务时具有另一切割域；
    其中，在垂直于所述第一方向的至少一个第二方向上，该两个切割单元的切割域的边缘之间的间距大于或等于
    Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-100002
    且靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘在所述第二方向上更靠近所述驱动装置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的切割机构，其特征在于，任意相邻的两个切割单元中，一个切割单元在执行切割任务时具有一切割域，另一切割单元在执行切割任务时具有另一切割域；
    其中，在垂直于所述第一方向的至少一个第二方向上，该两个切割单元的切割域的边缘之间的间距大于或等于
    Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-100003
    且靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘在所述第二方向上更靠近所述驱动装置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述第一预设间距S1满足
    Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-100004
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述第一预设间距S1大于或等于所述切割单元的单次切割量X 0，所述单次切割量X 0表示所述切割装置在单次切割过程中接触到草的部分的长度。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述第一预设间距S1满足10mm≤S1≤25mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的切割机构，其特征在于，任意相邻的两个切割单元之间的高度差Y满足8mm≤Y≤25mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的切割机构，其特征在于，至少一个所述切割元件的厚度K满足0.6mm≤K≤2mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的切割机构，其特征在于，至少一个所述切割元件具有相对的两个切割侧,每个所述切割侧均设置有切割刃口。
  10. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的切割机构，其特征在于，至少一个所述切割元件的切割刃口为双面刃。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述最靠近工作表面的两个切割单元中，一个切割单元具有设于第一相位的第一切割元件，另一切割单元具有设于第二相位的第二切割元件，所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件的相位差被配置为使所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件在所述切割装置的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件相位相邻设置。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件在所述切割装置的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草的切割时间差T满足T≥5.5ms。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的切割机构，其特征在于，
    所述多个切割单元通过连接部与所述驱动装置连接；
    所述最靠近工作表面的底部切割单元在执行切割任务时形成底部切割域，且所述底部切割单元具有超出所述连接部的外露切割部分；
    其中，在至少一个所述第二方向上，所述外露切割部分的长度L与所述切割装置的单次切割量X0满足关系式：L/X0≥2.3；
    其中，所述单次切割量X 0表示所述切割装置在单次切割过程中接触到草的部分的长度。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的切割机构，其特征在于，L/X0≥3.4。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的切割机构，其特征在于，L≥55mm。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述多个切割单元还包括与所述底部切割单元连接的其余切割单元，其中，所述其余切割单元通过第一连接部与所述驱动装置连接，所述底部切割单元通过第二连接部与所述第一连接部连接；
    其中，在至少一个所述第二方向上，所述底部切割域的边缘与所述第一连接部之间具有第二预设间距S2,且所述第一连接部更靠近所述驱动装置；
    其中，所述第二预设间距S2满足S2≥S1。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述底部切割域的切割直径d满足180mm≤d≤340mm。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述驱动装置驱动所述切割装置转动的转速小于或等于4000r/min。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的切割机构，其特征在于，每个所述切割单元具有在执行切割任务时与草接触的刀尖部分，所述刀尖部分的动能与所述切割装置的单次切割量X 0的比值大于0.1J/mm，所述单次切割量X 0表示所述切割单元在单次切割过程中接触到草的部分的长度。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的切割机构，其特征在于，每个所述切割单元中的切割元件的数量小于或等于5。
  22. 根据权利要求1所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述多个切割单元的高度H满足27mm≤H≤75mm。
  23. 一种切割机构，包括驱动装置和与所述驱动装置连接的切割装置，所述切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，所述切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个所述切割单元包括至少一个切割元件；
    其特征在于,
    最靠近工作表面的两个切割单元中，一个切割单元具有设于第一相位的第一切割元件，另一切割单元具有设于第二相位的第二切割元件，所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件的相位差被配置为使所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件在所述切割装置的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件在所述切割装置的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草的切割时间差T满足T≥5.5ms。
  25. 一种切割机构，包括驱动装置和与所述驱动装置连接的切割装置，所述切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，所述切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个所述切割单元包括至少一个切割元件；
    其特征在于，
    所述多个切割单元通过连接部与所述驱动装置连接；
    其中，最靠近工作表面的底部切割单元具有超出所述连接部的外露切割部分；
    其中，在垂直于所述第一方向的至少一个第二方向上，所述外露切割部分的长度L与所述切割装置的单次切割量X0满足关系式：L/X0≥2.3；
    其中，所述单次切割量X 0表示所述切割装置在单次切割过程中接触到草的部分的长度。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的切割机构，其特征在于，L/X0≥3.4。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的切割机构，其特征在于，L≥55mm。
  28. 一种切割机构，包括驱动装置和与所述驱动装置连接的切割装置，所述切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，所述切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个所述切割单元包括至少一个切割元件,每个所述切割单元在执行切割任务时形成一切割域；
    其特征在于，
    在垂直于所述第一方向的至少一个第二方向上，至少一组相邻的两个切割单元的切割域的边缘之间具有第一预设间距S1，所述第一预设间距S1满足
    Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-100005
    且靠近工作表面的切割单元的切割域的边缘更靠近所述驱动装置；
    其中，V表示所述切割装置在执行切割任务时的移动速度，n表示所述切割装置在执行切割任务时的转速，N 2表示每个所述切割单元中的切割元件数。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的切割机构，其特征在于，
    所述多个切割单元通过连接部与所述驱动装置连接；
    所述多个切割单元中最靠近工作表面的底部切割单元具有超出所述连接部的外露切割部分；
    其中，在至少一个所述第二方向上，所述外露切割部分的长度L与所述切割装置的单次切割量 X0满足关系式：L/X0≥2.3；
    其中，所述单次切割量X 0表示所述切割装置在单次切割过程中接触到草的部分的长度。
  30. 根据权利要求28所述的切割机构，其特征在于，所述第一预设间距S1满足
    Figure PCTCN2022125652-appb-100006
  31. 一种切割机构，包括驱动装置和与所述驱动装置连接的切割装置，所述切割装置被配置为在驱动装置的驱动下执行切割任务，所述切割装置包括沿第一方向层叠设置的多个切割单元，每个所述切割单元包括至少一个切割元件；
    其特征在于,
    至少一组相邻的两个切割单元中，一个切割单元具有设于第一相位的第一切割元件，另一切割单元具有设于第二相位的第二切割元件，所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件的相位差被配置为使所述第一切割元件和所述第二切割元件在所述切割装置的单个转动周期内先后切割同一位置的草。
  32. 一种割草机，其特征在于，所述割草机包括：
    壳体；
    移动装置，与所述壳体连接并驱动所述割草机移动；
    如权利要求1-31中任一项所述的切割机构，安装于所述壳体，用于执行切割任务。
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