WO2023020159A1 - 边坡抢险支护装置及支护方法 - Google Patents

边坡抢险支护装置及支护方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023020159A1
WO2023020159A1 PCT/CN2022/104924 CN2022104924W WO2023020159A1 WO 2023020159 A1 WO2023020159 A1 WO 2023020159A1 CN 2022104924 W CN2022104924 W CN 2022104924W WO 2023020159 A1 WO2023020159 A1 WO 2023020159A1
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Prior art keywords
anchor
slope
steel
ground beam
steel ground
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PCT/CN2022/104924
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋超
卢冠楠
宋冰
雷栋
何思元
金磊
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中交路桥华东工程有限公司
中交路桥建设有限公司
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Publication of WO2023020159A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023020159A1/zh

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20Securing of slopes or inclines
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of slope emergency rescue, for example, to a slope emergency support device and a support method.
  • the deep reinforcement method of soil slope adopts prestressed anchor cable (bolt) sash beam reinforcement, and in high slope reinforcement project, prestressed anchor cable (bolt) has the following characteristics: 1) Reliable stress; 2) The force can be evenly distributed on the slope to be reinforced, and it has strong adaptability to terrain and geological conditions, and the construction conditions are easy to meet; 3) Active force; 4) No need for blasting and excavation, and no disturbance or damage to the slope , which can maintain the mechanical properties of the slope itself; 5) The construction speed is relatively fast.
  • the rescue time is urgent, and the danger needs to be removed as soon as possible.
  • the anchor cable (bolt) frame beam in the related art is used for ground beam construction, it is necessary to excavate the foundation groove earlier, bind the steel bars, and support the formwork.
  • the concrete of the ground beam is poured and tensioned after equal strength, and the construction time is relatively long.
  • the inside of the anchor cable (bolt) sash beam in the related art is greened by planting grass seeds, which is not suitable for rainwater infiltration soil slopes, so as to avoid damage caused by sliding at the interface between the slope soil and the underlying bedrock.
  • the application provides a side slope emergency support device and a support method, which have a short construction period and high safety, and are suitable for side slope emergency construction projects.
  • the application provides a slope emergency support device, including:
  • the sash beam structure includes a first steel ground beam, a second steel ground beam and a concrete anchor pier, the first steel ground beam and the second steel ground beam are set at an angle, and the concrete anchor pier is set on the The intersection of the first steel ground beam and the second steel ground beam, the second steel ground beam is sandwiched between the first steel ground beam and the concrete anchor pier;
  • the prestressed anchor cable structure runs through the concrete anchor pier, the second steel ground beam and the first steel ground beam, and extends into the slope structure;
  • the spray anchor structure on the slope is arranged between and around the first steel ground beam and the second steel ground beam.
  • the application also provides a slope emergency support method, using the above-mentioned slope emergency support device for support, including:
  • the sash beam structure and prestressed anchor cable structure are processed in the back field;
  • Formworks are respectively supported on both sides of the first-shaped steel ground beam and the second-shaped steel ground beam, and the edge-wrapped concrete construction is carried out.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the slope emergency support device provided by the application
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the first type steel ground beam in the slope emergency support device provided by the application;
  • Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the second type steel ground beam in the slope emergency support device provided by the application;
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the prestressed anchor cable structure in the slope emergency support device provided by the application;
  • Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the prestressed anchor cable structure and the sprayed anchor structure on the slope surface in the slope emergency support device provided by the application.
  • 1-frame beam structure 2-prestressed anchor cable structure; 3-slope shotcrete anchor structure;
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • this embodiment provides a slope emergency support device, which has the characteristics of short construction period, high safety, and good economic benefits, and is suitable for slope emergency construction projects.
  • the protection device includes a sash beam structure 1, a prestressed anchor cable structure 2 and a slope spray anchor structure 3.
  • the sash beam structure 1 includes a first steel ground beam 11, a second steel ground beam 12 and a concrete anchor pier 13, the first steel ground beam 11 and the second steel ground beam 12 are set at an angle, and the concrete The anchor pier 13 is arranged at the intersection of the first steel ground beam 11 and the second steel ground beam 12 , and the second steel ground beam 12 is sandwiched between the first steel ground beam 11 and the concrete anchor pier 13 .
  • the first steel ground beam 11 and the second steel ground beam 12 are vertically arranged, and there are multiple first steel ground beams 11 and second steel ground beams 12 .
  • the first steel ground beam 11 includes a first panel 111, a second panel 112, a first I-beam 113 and a second I-beam 114, the first panel 111 and the second panel 112 Arranged at intervals, the first I-beam 113 and the second I-beam 114 are arranged at intervals and are sandwiched between the first panel 111 and the second panel 112 .
  • the first I-beam 113 and the second I-beam 114 are respectively welded and connected with the first panel 111 and the second panel 112 to form a whole, thereby making the first steel ground beam 11, the first I-beam 113 and the second beam
  • the space between the two I-beams 114 is set to run through the tension steel strand 23 .
  • the second steel ground beam 12 includes a third panel 121 , a fourth panel 122 , a third I-beam 123 and a fourth I-beam 124 , the third panel 121 and the fourth panel 122 Arranged at intervals, the third I-beam 123 and the fourth I-beam 124 are arranged at intervals and are sandwiched between the third panel 121 and the fourth panel 122 .
  • the third I-beam 123 and the fourth I-beam 124 are respectively welded and connected with the third panel 121 and the fourth panel 122 to form a whole, thereby making the second steel ground beam 12, the third I-beam 123 and the fourth panel 123
  • the space between the four I-beams 124 is set to run through the tension steel strand 23 .
  • the prestressed anchor cable structure 2 runs through the concrete anchor pier 13 , the second steel ground beam 12 and the first steel ground beam 11 , and extends into the slope structure 100 .
  • the slope structure 100 is reinforced by the prestressed anchor cable structure 2, the force is reliable, the force can be evenly distributed on the slope to be reinforced, the adaptability to the terrain and geological conditions is strong, the construction conditions are easy to meet, the force is actively applied, and no blasting is required Excavation does not cause disturbance or damage to the slope, can maintain the mechanical properties of the slope itself, and the construction speed is relatively fast.
  • the prestressed anchor cable structure 2 includes a steel sleeve 21, a grouting pipe 22 and a plurality of steel strands 23, and the steel sleeve 21 runs through the concrete anchor pier 13, the second steel ground beam 12 and the first steel beam.
  • the ground beam 11 extends into the slope structure 100
  • the grouting pipe 22 extends into the steel casing 21, and a plurality of steel strands 23 are arranged between the steel casing 21 and the grouting pipe 22 along the circumferential direction.
  • the cement slurry is injected into the steel casing 21 through the grouting pipe 22, so that the steel strand 23 can be firmly fixed in the rock to form a whole and ensure the tensile force.
  • the prestressed anchor cable structure 2 also includes a tightening ring 24 and an expansion ring 25, each steel strand 23 includes a free section and an anchor section, and the tightening ring 24 is sleeved on multiple On the outer side of the anchoring section, a plurality of anchoring sections are sheathed on the outer side of the expansion ring 25 .
  • Multiple constriction rings 24 and expansion rings 25 are provided, and the constriction rings 24 and expansion rings 25 are arranged alternately and at intervals to extend the length of the steel strand 23 in contact with the cement slurry.
  • the prestressed anchor cable structure 2 also includes a prestressed anchor head 26 and an anchor backing plate 27, the prestressed anchor head 26 is arranged at the end of the steel strand 23, the steel strand 23 runs through the anchor backing plate 27, and the anchor backing plate 27 is arranged on On the concrete anchor pier 13.
  • the prestressed anchor cable structure 2 further includes an anchor head slanting backing plate 28 , which is arranged between the anchor backing plate 27 and the first shaped steel ground beam 11 , and is located in the concrete anchor pier 13 .
  • the prestressed anchor cable structure 2 further includes an anchor head 29 , the anchor head 29 is arranged on the anchor head inclined plate 28 , and the prestressed anchor head 26 is arranged inside the anchor head 29 .
  • the slope spray anchor structure 3 is arranged between and around the first steel ground beam 11 and the second steel ground beam 12, optionally, a grid space is formed between the first steel ground beam 11 and the second steel ground beam 12, The slope spray anchor structure 3 is arranged inside and outside the grid space.
  • the slope surface sprayed anchor structure 3 comprises the first sprayed anchor concrete 31, the second sprayed anchor concrete 32 and the reinforcement mesh 33, and the reinforcement mesh 33 is sandwiched between the first sprayed anchor concrete 31 and Between the second spraying anchor concrete 32.
  • the slope spray anchors are provided in the space enclosed by any two adjacent first-shaped steel ground beams 11 and any two adjacent second-shaped steel ground beams 12, the slope spray anchors are provided. Structure 3.
  • the slope emergency support device provided in this embodiment has the characteristics of short construction period, high safety and good economic benefits, and is suitable for slope emergency construction projects.
  • the excavation causes secondary disturbance of the soil, saves the excavation time of the foundation trench, and speeds up the construction progress of the sash beam structure 1.
  • the section steel beam is used as the main body of the tension force, which greatly shortens the time after the concrete is equal to its strength.
  • the I-shaped steel beam is used as the main body of the ground beam, which avoids the secondary disturbance of the soil during the excavation of the foundation trench, and at the same time saves the need to open the foundation trench.
  • the excavation time and steel bar binding time speed up the construction of frame beam structure 1 and shorten the construction period of the entire emergency project;
  • This embodiment also provides a method for emergency support of a slope, using the above-mentioned emergency support device for a slope for support, including:
  • the sash beam structure 1 and the prestressed anchor cable structure 2 are processed in the back field;
  • the method is simple in construction, adopts the I-shaped steel beam as the main body of the ground beam, avoids the excavation of the foundation trench, causes secondary disturbance of the soil body, and prevents the risk of side slope landslides from happening again;
  • this method greatly shortens the construction period, reduces the labor cost and time cost, and at the same time makes the danger be eliminated at the fastest speed, so that the nearby affected structures can be rebuilt as soon as possible. put into operation to reduce economic losses;
  • the rescue time can be won for the overall project, the safety risk of the slope can be eliminated, a good environment can be created for the follow-up restoration of other structures, economic effects can be created for the rescue project, and adverse social effects can be reduced.

Abstract

一种边坡抢险支护装置及支护方法。所述边坡抢险支护装置包括框格梁结构(1)、预应力锚索结构(2)和坡面喷锚结构(3),框格梁结构(1)包括第一型钢地梁(11)、第二型钢地梁(12)和混凝土锚墩(13),第一型钢地梁(11)与第二型钢地梁(12)呈夹角设置,混凝土锚墩(13)设置于第一型钢地梁(11)与第二型钢地梁(12)的交叉处,第二型钢地梁(12)被夹设于第一型钢地梁(11)和混凝土锚墩(13)之间;预应力锚索结构(2)贯穿混凝土锚墩(13)、第二型钢地梁(12)和第一型钢地梁(11),并伸入边坡结构(100)中;坡面喷锚结构(3)设置于第一型钢地梁(11)与第二型钢地梁(12)之间及四周。

Description

边坡抢险支护装置及支护方法
本申请要求在2021年08月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110955237.5的中国专利申请的优先权,该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及边坡抢险技术领域,例如涉及边坡抢险支护装置及支护方法。
背景技术
在山区复杂的地质条件下,由于地质灾害或其他原因造成原有边坡或山体坍塌、滑坡,从而影响附近结构物运行期间的安全。发生险情的地方工程环境恶劣,施工条件有限,同时安全风险极高,随时面临边坡二次灾害的发生,从而对正在抢险的人员带来人身危险。如何在有限空间里,尽量少扰动,快速完成边坡灾害治理是抢险工程的关键点。
相关技术中,土质边坡深层加固方法采用预应力锚索(锚杆)框格梁加固,在高边坡加固工程中,预应力锚索(锚杆)具有如下特点:1)受力可靠;2)作用力可均匀分布于需加固的边坡上,对地形、地质条件适应力强,施工条件易满足;3)主动受力;4)无须放炮开挖,对坡体不产生扰动和破坏,能维持坡体本身的力学性能不变;5)施工速度相对快。
但是对于边坡抢险工程来说,抢险时间紧迫,需尽快解除险情,相关技术中的锚索(锚杆)框格梁施工地梁时,需要先开挖基槽,绑扎钢筋,支立模板,浇筑地梁混凝土,等强后张拉,其施工时间较长。同时相关技术中的锚索(锚杆)框格梁内部通过种植草籽进行绿化,不适用于雨水渗透土质边坡,以免造成边坡土体与底层基岩交界面滑动而引起破坏。
发明内容
本申请提供一种边坡抢险支护装置及支护方法,施工工期短,安全性高,适用于边坡抢险施工工程。
本申请提供一种边坡抢险支护装置,包括:
框格梁结构,包括第一型钢地梁、第二型钢地梁和混凝土锚墩,所述第一型钢地梁与所述第二型钢地梁呈夹角设置,所述混凝土锚墩设置于所述第一型钢地梁与所述第二型钢地梁的交叉处,所述第二型钢地梁被夹设于所述第一型 钢地梁和所述混凝土锚墩之间;
预应力锚索结构,贯穿所述混凝土锚墩、所述第二型钢地梁和所述第一型钢地梁,并伸入边坡结构中;
坡面喷锚结构,设置于所述第一型钢地梁与所述第二型钢地梁之间及四周。
本申请还提供一种边坡抢险支护方法,采用如上所述的边坡抢险支护装置进行支护,包括:
对灾害发生坡面进行刷坡减载,以使坡面平整;
在后场加工完成框格梁结构和预应力锚索结构;
现场搭设脚手架平台,采用钻机钻孔,钢套管跟随所述钻机穿过坡面破碎段,待锚索孔施工完毕后,安装预应力锚索结构,进行锚索管道压浆处理;
对坡面整体完成第一次喷锚混凝土的施工,安装钢筋网片,完成第二次喷锚混凝土的施工;
采用人工配合汽车吊安装第一型钢地梁,安装第二型钢地梁,第二型钢地梁与第一型钢地梁采用焊接连接,在锚索孔位置焊接锚头斜垫板,安装锚垫板和预应力锚头;
在锚索张拉位置施工混凝土锚墩,并在第一型钢地梁、第二型钢地梁与坡面的空隙处塞喷混凝土;
根据设计力值张拉预应力锚索结构并完成封锚头的施工;
在第一型钢地梁和第二型钢地梁的两侧分别支立模板,进行包边混凝土施工。
附图说明
下面将对本申请实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作介绍。
图1是本申请提供的边坡抢险支护装置的结构示意图;
图2是本申请提供的边坡抢险支护装置中第一型钢地梁的结构示意图;
图3是本申请提供的边坡抢险支护装置中第二型钢地梁的结构示意图;
图4是本申请提供的边坡抢险支护装置中预应力锚索结构的结构示意图;
图5是本申请提供的边坡抢险支护装置中预应力锚索结构和坡面喷锚结构 的结构示意图。
图中:
1-框格梁结构;2-预应力锚索结构;3-坡面喷锚结构;
11-第一型钢地梁;12-第二型钢地梁;13-混凝土锚墩;
111-第一缀板;112-第二缀板;113-第一工字钢;114-第二工字钢;
121-第三缀板;122-第四缀板;123-第三工字钢;124-第四工字钢;
21-钢套管;22-注浆管;23-钢绞线;24-紧缩环;25-扩张环;26-预应力锚头;27-锚垫板;28-锚头斜垫板;29-封锚头;
31-第一次喷锚混凝土;32-第二次喷锚混凝土;33-钢筋网片;
100-边坡结构。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请作详细描述,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。其中,术语“第一位置”和“第二位置”为两个不同的位置。
在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据实际情况理解上述术语在本申请中的含义。
如图1至图5所示,本实施例提供一种边坡抢险支护装置,具有施工工期短、安全性高、经济效益好的特点,适用于边坡抢险施工工程,该边坡抢险支护装置包括框格梁结构1、预应力锚索结构2和坡面喷锚结构3。
如图1所示,框格梁结构1包括第一型钢地梁11、第二型钢地梁12和混凝土锚墩13,第一型钢地梁11与第二型钢地梁12呈夹角设置,混凝土锚墩13设 置于第一型钢地梁11与第二型钢地梁12的交叉处,第二型钢地梁12被夹设于第一型钢地梁11和混凝土锚墩13之间。在本实施例中,第一型钢地梁11与第二型钢地梁12垂直设置,第一型钢地梁11和第二型钢地梁12均设置有多个。
如图2所示,第一型钢地梁11包括第一缀板111、第二缀板112、第一工字钢113和第二工字钢114,第一缀板111和第二缀板112间隔设置,第一工字钢113和第二工字钢114间隔设置且均夹被设于第一缀板111和第二缀板112之间。第一工字钢113和第二工字钢114分别与第一缀板111和第二缀板112焊接连接形成一个整体,从而制作成第一型钢地梁11,第一工字钢113和第二工字钢114之间的空间被设置为贯穿张拉钢绞线23。
如图3所示,第二型钢地梁12包括第三缀板121、第四缀板122、第三工字钢123和第四工字钢124,第三缀板121和第四缀板122间隔设置,第三工字钢123和第四工字钢124间隔设置且均被夹设于第三缀板121和第四缀板122之间。第三工字钢123和第四工字钢124分别与第三缀板121和第四缀板122焊接连接形成一个整体,从而制作成第二型钢地梁12,第三工字钢123和第四工字钢124之间的空间被设置为贯穿张拉钢绞线23。
预应力锚索结构2贯穿混凝土锚墩13、第二型钢地梁12和第一型钢地梁11,并伸入边坡结构100中。通过预应力锚索结构2加固边坡结构100,受力可靠,作用力可均匀分布于需加固的边坡上,对地形、地质条件适应力强,施工条件易满足,主动受力,无须放炮开挖,对坡体不产生扰动和破坏,能维持坡体本身的力学性能不变,施工速度相对快。
如图4所示,预应力锚索结构2包括钢套管21、注浆管22以及多个钢绞线23,钢套管21贯穿混凝土锚墩13、第二型钢地梁12和第一型钢地梁11,并伸入边坡结构100中,注浆管22伸入钢套管21内,多个钢绞线23沿周向设置于钢套管21和注浆管22之间。将水泥浆通过注浆管22注入钢套管21内,使钢绞线23能牢牢地固定在岩石里,形成一个整体,保证了拉力。
为提高预应力锚索结构2的抓地力,预应力锚索结构2还包括紧缩环24和扩张环25,每个钢绞线23均包括自由段和锚固段,紧缩环24套设于多个锚固段的外侧,多个锚固段套设于扩张环25的外侧。紧缩环24和扩张环25均设置有多个,紧缩环24和扩张环25交替设置且间隔设置,以延长与水泥浆接触的钢绞线23的长度。
预应力锚索结构2还包括预应力锚头26和锚垫板27,预应力锚头26设置于钢绞线23的端部,钢绞线23贯穿锚垫板27,锚垫板27设置于混凝土锚墩13上。可选地,预应力锚索结构2还包括锚头斜垫板28,锚头斜垫板28设置于锚垫板27和第一型钢地梁11之间,并位于混凝土锚墩13内。在一实施例中, 预应力锚索结构2还包括封锚头29,封锚头29设置于锚头斜垫板28上,预应力锚头26设置于封锚头29内。
坡面喷锚结构3设置于第一型钢地梁11与第二型钢地梁12之间及四周,可选地,第一型钢地梁11与第二型钢地梁12之间形成网格空间,坡面喷锚结构3设置于网格空间内及外周。如图5所示,坡面喷锚结构3包括第一次喷锚混凝土31、第二次喷锚混凝土32和钢筋网片33,钢筋网片33被夹设于第一次喷锚混凝土31和第二次喷锚混凝土32之间。
在一实施例中,在由相邻的任意两个第一型钢地梁11与相邻的任意两个所述第二型钢地梁12围成的空间内,均设有所述坡面喷锚结构3。
本实施例提供的边坡抢险支护装置,具有施工工期短、安全性高、经济效益好的特点,适用于边坡抢险施工工程,并采用工字钢梁作为地梁主体,避免了基槽开挖造成土体二次扰动,同时省去基槽开挖时间,加快了框格梁结构1施工的进度,以型钢梁作为张拉受力的主体,极大缩短了混凝土等强后再进行张拉预应力的时间,为抢险工程赢得宝贵时间;在框格梁结构1内部及四周辅以坡面喷锚混凝土防护,避免雨水再次侵入边坡,同时喷锚混凝土坡面形成整体,加强坡面强度,防止型钢地梁张拉预应力施工时陷入土质边坡中,保证张拉预应力值到位,使得加固作用良好。
本实施例提供的边坡抢险支护装置,具有以下优点:
(1)简化相关技术中的预应力锚索框架梁施工方法,可操作性强,采用工字钢梁作为地梁主体,避免了基槽开挖二次扰动土体,同时省去基槽开挖时间与钢筋绑扎时间,加快了框格梁结构1施工,缩短了整个抢险工程工期;
(2)根据施工方法,施工安装完成框格梁结构1,待混凝土锚墩13浇筑完成,再施工锚索预应力张拉。以型钢梁作为张拉受力的主体,提高了地梁的承载力,同时对比相关技术中的混凝土锚索框架梁等需要耗时7天左右才可进行预应力施工,本申请大致2至3天即可进行预应力施工,无需等待混凝土完全达到设计强度,极大缩短了混凝土达到设计强度再进行张拉预应力的时间;
(3)在框格梁结构1内部及四周辅以坡面喷锚混凝土防护,避免雨水再次侵入边坡,造成滑坡加剧,同时喷锚混凝土使坡面形成整体,加强坡面强度,防止型钢地梁张拉预应力施工时陷入土质边坡中,保证张拉预应力值,使得加固作用效果更好;
(4)型钢地梁外包混凝土,起到防腐作用,做到临时结构和永久结构结合。
本实施例还提供一种边坡抢险支护方法,采用上述的边坡抢险支护装置进行支护,包括:
S1、对灾害发生坡面进行刷坡减载,以使坡面平整;
S2、在后场加工完成框格梁结构1和预应力锚索结构2;
S3、现场搭设脚手架平台,采用钻机钻孔,钢套管21跟随所述钻机穿过坡面破碎段,待锚索孔施工完毕后,安装预应力锚索结构2,进行锚索管道压浆处理;
S4、对坡面整体完成第一次喷锚混凝土31的施工,安装钢筋网片33,完成第二次喷锚混凝土32的施工;
S5、采用人工配合汽车吊安装第一型钢地梁11,安装第二型钢地梁12,第二型钢地梁12与第一型钢地梁11采用焊接连接,在锚索孔位置焊接锚头斜垫板28,安装锚垫板27和预应力锚头26;
S6、在锚索张拉位置施工混凝土锚墩13,并在第一型钢地梁11、第二型钢地梁12与坡面的空隙处塞喷混凝土,保证张拉受力;
S7、根据设计力值张拉预应力锚索结构2并完成封锚头29的施工,保证型钢地梁和喷锚坡面投入使用,完成坡面除险;
S8、在第一型钢地梁11和第二型钢地梁12的两侧分别支立模板,进行包边混凝土施工,起到型钢防腐作用,做到临时结构和永久结构结合。
本实施例提供的边坡抢险支护方法,具备以下优点:
(1)本方法施工简单,采用工字钢梁作为地梁主体,避免了基槽开挖,造成土体二次扰动,防止再次发生边坡滑坡的风险;
(2)以型钢梁作为张拉受力的主体,不但省下基槽开挖时间,而且极大缩短了混凝土等强后再进行张拉预应力的时间,加快了框格梁结构1施工的进度,为抢险工程赢得宝贵时间,符合抢险工程的工程性质;
(3)在框格梁结构1内部及四周辅以坡面喷锚混凝土防护,避免雨水再次侵入边坡,避免边坡抢险修复完成后再次发生险情;
(4)相对于相关技术中的边坡防治方法,本方法极大地缩短了施工工期,降低了人工成本和时间成本,同时使得险情以最快的速度消除,让附近受影响的结构物尽快重新投入运营,减少经济损失;
(5)通过本方法,可以为整体工程赢得抢险时间,消除边坡安全风险,为后续其他结构物修复创造了良好的环境,为抢险工程创造了经济效应,降低了社会不良影响。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种边坡抢险支护装置,包括:
    框格梁结构(1),包括第一型钢地梁(11)、第二型钢地梁(12)和混凝土锚墩(13),所述第一型钢地梁(11)与所述第二型钢地梁(12)呈夹角设置,所述混凝土锚墩(13)设置于所述第一型钢地梁(11)与所述第二型钢地梁(12)的交叉处,所述第二型钢地梁(12)被夹设于所述第一型钢地梁(11)和所述混凝土锚墩(13)之间;
    预应力锚索结构(2),贯穿所述混凝土锚墩(13)、所述第二型钢地梁(12)和所述第一型钢地梁(11),并伸入边坡结构(100)中;
    坡面喷锚结构(3),设置于所述第一型钢地梁(11)与所述第二型钢地梁(12)之间及四周。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的边坡抢险支护装置,其中,所述第一型钢地梁(11)包括第一缀板(111)、第二缀板(112)、第一工字钢(113)和第二工字钢(114),所述第一缀板(111)和所述第二缀板(112)间隔设置,所述第一工字钢(113)和所述第二工字钢(114)间隔设置且均被夹设于所述第一缀板(111)和所述第二缀板(112)之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的边坡抢险支护装置,其中,所述第二型钢地梁(12)包括第三缀板(121)、第四缀板(122)、第三工字钢(123)和第四工字钢(124),所述第三缀板(121)和所述第四缀板(122)间隔设置,所述第三工字钢(123)和所述第四工字钢(124)间隔设置且均被夹设于所述第三缀板(121)和所述第四缀板(122)之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的边坡抢险支护装置,其中,所述坡面喷锚结构(3)包括第一次喷锚混凝土(31)、第二次喷锚混凝土(32)和钢筋网片(33),所述钢筋网片(33)被夹设于所述第一次喷锚混凝土(31)和所述第二次喷锚混凝土(32)之间。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的边坡抢险支护装置,其中,所述预应力锚索结构(2)包括钢套管(21)、注浆管(22)以及多个钢绞线(23),所述钢套管(21)贯穿所述混凝土锚墩(13)、所述第二型钢地梁(12)和所述第一型钢地梁(11),并伸入所述边坡结构(100)中,所述注浆管(22)伸入所述钢套管(21)内,多个所述钢绞线(23)沿周向设置于所述钢套管(21)和所述注浆管(22)之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的边坡抢险支护装置,其中,所述预应力锚索结构(2)还包括紧缩环(24)和扩张环(25),每个所述钢绞线(23)均包括自由段和锚固段,所述紧缩环(24)套设于多个所述锚固段的外侧,多个所述锚固段套 设于所述扩张环(25)的外侧。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的边坡抢险支护装置,其中,所述预应力锚索结构(2)还包括预应力锚头(26)和锚垫板(27),所述预应力锚头(26)设置于所述钢绞线(23)的端部,所述钢绞线(23)贯穿所述锚垫板(27),所述锚垫板(27)设置于所述混凝土锚墩(13)上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的边坡抢险支护装置,其中,所述预应力锚索结构(2)还包括锚头斜垫板(28),所述锚头斜垫板(28)设置于所述锚垫板(27)和所述第一型钢地梁(11)之间,并位于所述混凝土锚墩(13)内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的边坡抢险支护装置,其特征在于,所述预应力锚索结构(2)还包括封锚头(29),所述封锚头(29)设置于所述锚头斜垫板(28)上,所述预应力锚头(26)设置于所述封锚头(29)内。
  10. 一种边坡抢险支护方法,采用如权利要求1-9任一项所述的边坡抢险支护装置进行支护,包括:
    对灾害发生坡面进行刷坡减载,以使坡面平整;
    在后场加工完成框格梁结构(1)和预应力锚索结构(2);
    现场搭设脚手架平台,采用钻机钻孔,钢套管(21)跟随所述钻机穿过坡面破碎段,待锚索孔施工完毕后,安装预应力锚索结构(2),进行锚索管道压浆处理;
    对坡面整体完成第一次喷锚混凝土(31)的施工,安装钢筋网片(33),完成第二次喷锚混凝土(32)的施工;
    采用人工配合汽车吊安装第一型钢地梁(11),安装第二型钢地梁(12),第二型钢地梁(12)与第一型钢地梁(11)采用焊接连接,在锚索孔位置焊接锚头斜垫板(28),安装锚垫板(27)和预应力锚头(26);
    在锚索张拉位置施工混凝土锚墩(13),并在第一型钢地梁(11)、第二型钢地梁(12)与坡面的空隙处塞喷混凝土;
    根据设计力值张拉预应力锚索结构(2)并完成封锚头(29)的施工;
    在第一型钢地梁(11)和第二型钢地梁(12)的两侧分别支立模板,进行包边混凝土施工。
PCT/CN2022/104924 2021-08-19 2022-07-11 边坡抢险支护装置及支护方法 WO2023020159A1 (zh)

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