WO2023019480A1 - Réseau d'antennes, système d'antenne et dispositif de communication - Google Patents

Réseau d'antennes, système d'antenne et dispositif de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023019480A1
WO2023019480A1 PCT/CN2021/113315 CN2021113315W WO2023019480A1 WO 2023019480 A1 WO2023019480 A1 WO 2023019480A1 CN 2021113315 W CN2021113315 W CN 2021113315W WO 2023019480 A1 WO2023019480 A1 WO 2023019480A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
transmission module
module
decoupling
antenna unit
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PCT/CN2021/113315
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
龙科
董文庆
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN202180098680.3A priority Critical patent/CN117397121A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/113315 priority patent/WO2023019480A1/fr
Publication of WO2023019480A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023019480A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of communication, and in particular to an antenna array, an antenna system and communication equipment.
  • MIMO multiple input multiple output
  • An important performance index of a MIMO antenna is the isolation between antenna elements.
  • the isolation between the antenna elements is related to the mutual coupling between the antenna elements, the lower the mutual coupling between the antenna elements, the better the isolation between the antennas.
  • the spacing between antenna elements should generally be greater than 0.5 wavelength ( ⁇ ).
  • the number of antenna units on the communication device is increasing, for example, the original 4 antenna units are increased to 8 or 16 antenna units.
  • the size of communication equipment has not increased accordingly. For example, one of the characteristics of small base stations widely used in indoor communication scenarios is their small size. Therefore, when the number of antenna elements increases, the distance between the antenna elements is likely to be less than 0.5 ⁇ , which leads to an increase in the mutual coupling between the antenna elements and a decrease in the isolation between the antenna elements.
  • the present application provides an antenna array, an antenna system and communication equipment, which are used to improve the isolation between antenna units.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna array.
  • the antenna array may include: a plurality of antenna units including a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, a first decoupling module, a second decoupling module, a first transmission module and a second transmission module.
  • Two ends of the first decoupling module may be respectively connected to the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.
  • Both ends of the second decoupling module may also be respectively connected to the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.
  • one end of the second decoupling module is connected to the first antenna unit through a first transmission module
  • the other end of the second decoupling module is connected to the second antenna unit through a second transmission module.
  • the first decoupling module and the second decoupling module may decouple the coupling component between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.
  • both decoupling modules can decouple the coupling component between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, so that the isolation between the antenna units can be improved.
  • the antenna array may further include: a third transmission module and a fourth transmission module.
  • One end of the first decoupling module may be connected to the first antenna unit through the third transmission module, and the other end of the first decoupling module may be connected to the second antenna unit through the fourth transmission module.
  • Antenna unit; one end of the second decoupling module can be connected to the first antenna unit through the first transmission module and the third transmission module in turn, and the other end of the second decoupling module can be connected through the The second transmission module and the fourth transmission module are connected to the second antenna unit.
  • both decoupling modules are connected to the feeder of the antenna, which can reduce the impact on the radiation performance of the antenna unit while improving the isolation between the antenna units.
  • the structure of the first decoupling module is different from that of the second decoupling module.
  • the second decoupling module may further include: a fifth transmission module, a sixth transmission module, and a seventh transmission module.
  • the fifth transmission module and the sixth transmission module are connected in series, and the two ends of the fifth transmission module and the sixth transmission module connected in series can be respectively connected to the first transmission module and the second transmission module ; the connection point between the fifth transmission module and the sixth transmission module is grounded through the seventh transmission module.
  • the second decoupling module includes three interconnected transmission modules, two of which can be connected to the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit respectively, and the third transmission module is grounded.
  • This design can realize the decoupling effect of high-impedance transmission lines through three low-impedance transmission modules, thereby effectively improving the isolation between antenna elements in small-sized communication devices.
  • the second decoupling module may be a first inductor. Since the inductance can be equivalent to the high-impedance transmission module, the design can realize the decoupling effect of the high-impedance transmission line through the inductance, thereby effectively improving the isolation between antenna elements in small-sized communication devices.
  • the second decoupling module may be a series branch formed by sequentially connecting the eighth transmission module, the second inductor, and the ninth transmission module in series.
  • two ends of the second inductor are respectively connected to a transmission module.
  • the second decoupling module may be a series branch formed by serially connecting the first resistor, the tenth transmission module, and the second resistor in series.
  • resistors are connected to both ends of the transmission module, so that while reducing processing difficulty, the isolation between antenna elements in small-sized communication devices can also be effectively improved.
  • any antenna unit includes at least one of the following: a planar inverted-F antenna PIFA, a monopole antenna, a dipole antenna, and a microstrip patch antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna array.
  • the antenna array may include: a plurality of antenna units including a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, a decoupling module, a first transmission module and a second transmission module. Two ends of the decoupling module may be respectively connected to the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit. Specifically, one end of the decoupling module is connected to the first antenna unit through the first transmission module, and the other end of the decoupling module is connected to the second antenna unit through the second transmission module.
  • the decoupling module may decouple a coupling component between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.
  • the line width of the decoupling module is greater than the line width of the transmission line that produces the same decoupling effect.
  • the line width of the decoupling module is larger than the line width of the transmission line that produces the same decoupling effect, so that the isolation between antenna elements can be improved, and the difficulty of manufacturing the antenna array can be reduced.
  • the decoupling module is connected to the feeder of the antenna, so that while improving the isolation between the antenna units, the impact on the radiation performance of the antenna units can also be reduced.
  • the decoupling module may include: a fifth transmission module, a sixth transmission module, and a seventh transmission module.
  • the fifth transmission module and the sixth transmission module are connected in series, and the two ends of the fifth transmission module and the sixth transmission module connected in series can be respectively connected to the first transmission module and the second transmission module ; the connection point between the fifth transmission module and the sixth transmission module is grounded through the seventh transmission module.
  • the decoupling module includes three interconnected transmission modules, two of which can be connected to the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit respectively, and the third transmission module is grounded.
  • This design can realize the decoupling effect of high-impedance transmission lines through three low-impedance transmission modules, thereby effectively improving the isolation between antenna elements in small-sized communication devices.
  • the decoupling module may be a first inductor.
  • the design can realize the decoupling effect of the high-impedance transmission line through the inductance, thereby effectively improving the isolation between antenna elements in small-sized communication devices.
  • the decoupling module may be a series branch formed by sequentially connecting the eighth transmission module, the second inductor, and the ninth transmission module.
  • two ends of the second inductor are respectively connected to a transmission module.
  • the coupling caused by the small-sized inductor can be reduced, thereby further improving the isolation between antenna elements in the small-sized communication device.
  • the decoupling module may also be a series branch formed by serially connecting the first resistor, the tenth transmission module, and the second resistor.
  • resistors are connected to both ends of the transmission module, which can effectively improve the isolation between antenna units in small-sized communication devices while reducing processing difficulty.
  • any antenna unit may include at least one of the following: a planar inverted-F antenna PIFA, a monopole antenna, a dipole antenna, and a microstrip patch antenna.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna system, where the antenna system includes any antenna array described above.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, where the communication device includes any one of the above-mentioned antenna arrays or the above-mentioned antenna system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency path of a communication device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit in a MIMO antenna
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of another antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of another antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of another antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of another antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of another antenna array applied to a radio frequency path provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of yet another antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of another antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of another antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of yet another antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 19a and Figure 19b are respectively a top view and a side view of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of the isolation of the antenna array shown in FIG. 9;
  • Fig. 21 is the horizontal direction diagram of the first antenna unit in the antenna array shown in Fig. 9;
  • FIG. 22 is a horizontal diagram of a second antenna element in the antenna array shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the present application provides an antenna array, an antenna system and communication equipment, which are used to improve the isolation between antenna units.
  • the antenna array includes two decoupling modules, and the two ends of each decoupling module are respectively connected to two antenna units, so that the two decoupling modules can both The coupling components between them are decoupled, so that the isolation between the antenna elements in the communication device can be effectively improved.
  • Communication equipment generally refers to equipment with communication functions.
  • the communication device may be, but not limited to, a terminal device, an access network (access network, AN) device, an access point, and the like.
  • a terminal device is a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to users.
  • the terminal equipment may also be called user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile station (mobile station, MS), mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT) and so on.
  • the terminal device may be a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, and the like.
  • some terminal devices are: mobile phone (mobile phone), tablet computer, notebook computer, palmtop computer, mobile internet device (mobile internet device, MID), wearable device, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) device, enhanced Augmented reality (AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, smart grid Wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart city, wireless terminals in smart home, etc.
  • the AN device is a device for connecting a terminal device to a wireless network in a mobile communication system.
  • the AN device may also be called a base station, a radio access network (radio access network, RAN) node (or device), and an access point (access point, AP).
  • radio access network radio access network, RAN
  • AP access point
  • AN equipment are: new generation Node B (generation Node B, gNB), transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), wireless network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B , HNB), or base band unit (base band unit, BBU), etc.
  • generation Node B generation Node B
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • wireless network controller radio network controller
  • node B Node B, NB
  • base station controller base station controller
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • home base station for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B , HNB
  • base band unit base band unit
  • the AN device may include a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU) node and a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU) node.
  • CU centralized unit
  • DU distributed unit
  • This structure separates the protocol layers of the AN device, and the functions of some protocol layers are placed in the CU for centralized control, and the remaining part or all of the functions of the protocol layers are distributed in the DU, and the CU centrally controls the DU.
  • the transmission module may include transmission lines such as microstrip lines and phase-shifting lines.
  • the parameters of the transmission module may include: the impedance of the transmission module, and the length parameter of the transmission module.
  • the length of the transmission module can be characterized by the length parameter of the transmission module—the electrical length ⁇ .
  • the isolation between antenna units refers to the ratio of the power of a signal transmitted by one antenna unit to the power of the signal received by another antenna unit.
  • the S parameter can represent the transmission situation between the antenna units.
  • S parameters can include:
  • S21 represents the ratio of the voltage of the signal transmitted by the second antenna unit to the voltage of the signal transmitted from the port of the first antenna unit to the port of the second antenna unit when the port corresponding to the second antenna unit of the communication device transmits a signal.
  • S21 can be used to characterize the isolation between antenna elements.
  • the signal when the port corresponding to the second antenna unit of the communication device transmits a signal, the signal is transmitted to the reflection coefficient at the port corresponding to the first antenna unit of the communication device (that is, the signal is transmitted to the port corresponding to the first antenna unit The ratio of the incident voltage to the reflected voltage).
  • the signal when the port corresponding to the first antenna unit of the communication device transmits a signal, the signal is transmitted to the reflection coefficient at the port corresponding to the second antenna unit of the communication device (that is, the signal is transmitted to the port corresponding to the second antenna unit The ratio of the incident voltage to the reflected voltage).
  • connection in the embodiment of the present application may be a direct connection or a connection through one or more modules.
  • a is connected to B, or A is connected to B may mean: A is directly connected to B, or A is connected to B through C.
  • C can represent one or more modules.
  • the technical indicators that the antenna array needs to meet include: the bandwidth used by the communication device (including the standing wave bandwidth and the isolation bandwidth) is greater than or equal to the bandwidth threshold (for example, 10% of the antenna bandwidth); when the antenna When the spacing is less than or equal to the first spacing threshold (for example, 0.25 ⁇ ), the isolation between antenna elements should be greater than or equal to the first isolation (for example, 18dB); the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value on the pattern is less than or equal to Pattern threshold (eg, 8dB).
  • the bandwidth threshold for example, 10% of the antenna bandwidth
  • the isolation between antenna elements should be greater than or equal to the first isolation (for example, 18dB)
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value on the pattern is less than or equal to Pattern threshold (eg, 8dB).
  • both the current and the voltage can be expressed in the form of amplitude and phase.
  • the amplitude can represent the maximum value of the current or voltage
  • the phase can represent the change of the current or voltage with time.
  • the current when A represents the magnitude of the current and ⁇ represents the phase of the current, the current may be
  • the voltage can also be expressed in a similar form, which will not be repeated here.
  • the ratio of current and voltage can also be expressed in the form of amplitude and phase.
  • current and voltage can be vectors with direction.
  • Vectors can be represented by real and imaginary parts. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the current and the voltage may also be represented by a real part and an imaginary part.
  • the ratio of current and voltage can also be expressed in the form of real and imaginary parts.
  • the center frequency point refers to the middle point of the antenna bandwidth.
  • Each antenna unit can transmit signals within a certain frequency range (ie, antenna bandwidth); within the antenna bandwidth, the antenna impedance is the smallest and the transmission efficiency is the highest.
  • the VSWR is the smallest.
  • the size of the two antenna units may be E ⁇ F ⁇ H, which is used to represent the space occupied by the two antenna units.
  • E, F and H respectively represent the length, width and height of the space occupied by the two antenna units.
  • decoupling may also be replaced by cancellation or decoupling.
  • the feeder refers to the transmission line connecting the antenna unit and the transceiver.
  • the antenna feeder can effectively transmit the signal received by the antenna unit, and has the characteristics of small distortion, small loss, and strong anti-interference ability.
  • the numerical range may include at least one of the numerical values at both ends, or may not include the numerical values at both ends.
  • a-b can represent any one of [a,b], (a,b), [a,b), (a,b].
  • nouns for the number of nouns, unless otherwise specified, it means “singular noun or plural noun", that is, “one or more". “At least one” means one or more, and “plurality” means two or more. "And/or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, which means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which may mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character “/" generally indicates that the contextual objects are an "or” relationship. For example, A/B means: A or B. "At least one (individual) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items (individuals), including any combination of a single item (individuals) or a plurality of item (individuals).
  • parameter values in this application may have certain fluctuations, for example, there may be ⁇ 20% fluctuations.
  • the embodiment of the present application may be used in a radio frequency path of a communication device.
  • the radio frequency path shown in FIG. 1 is taken as an example below for description.
  • the embodiment of the present application may also be used in other forms of radio frequency channels, which is not limited in the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency path corresponding to one antenna unit of a communication device.
  • the radio frequency path will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • the radio frequency path may include, but is not limited to: an antenna unit, a bandpass filter, a power amplifier/low noise amplifier, an up/down converter, and a modem.
  • the antenna unit can receive or transmit signals.
  • a bandpass filter can filter a signal and retain frequency components within a certain frequency range in the signal.
  • the power amplifier is the abbreviation of the power amplifier
  • the low noise amplifier is the abbreviation of the low noise amplifier.
  • the power amplifier can amplify the power of the signal to obtain a stronger output signal.
  • a LNA is an amplifier with a very low noise figure. The noise of the amplifier itself may cause serious interference to the signal, and the low-noise amplifier can improve the quality of the output signal.
  • Up and down converters can adjust the frequency of the signal.
  • a modem can convert a baseband signal to a higher frequency bandpass signal, or a higher frequency bandpass signal to a baseband signal.
  • the radio frequency signal received by the antenna unit can be converted into a baseband signal that can be processed by the communication device after being processed by the radio frequency channel.
  • the baseband signal generated by the communication device is sent out through the antenna unit after being processed by the radio frequency channel.
  • the radio frequency path shown in FIG. 1 may be applied to a MIMO system, that is, any one of the multiple radio frequency paths in the MIMO system may be as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the MIMO antenna in the MIMO system may include multiple antenna elements in the radio frequency path shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of distribution of antenna elements in a MIMO antenna.
  • Each letter in Figure 2 represents an antenna unit.
  • the MIMO antenna includes 4 antenna elements (i.e., 4 transmit 4 receive (4T4R))
  • the interval between adjacent antenna elements can be ⁇
  • the MIMO antenna includes 8 antenna elements (i.e., When 8 transmissions and 8 receptions (8T8R))
  • the interval between adjacent antenna units can be 0.5 ⁇
  • the MIMO antenna includes 16 antenna units (that is, 16 transmissions and 16 receptions (16T16R)
  • the interval between adjacent antenna units can be is 0.25 ⁇ .
  • the distance between adjacent antenna elements is small (for example, 0.25 ⁇ )
  • the mutual coupling between the antenna elements increases, and the isolation between the antenna elements decreases.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna array.
  • Each antenna unit included in the antenna array can be used in the radio frequency path shown in FIG. 1 , and the antenna array can improve the isolation between the antenna units shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the antenna array may be used to improve the isolation between the 16T16R antenna elements shown in FIG. 2 .
  • An antenna array may comprise a plurality of antenna elements.
  • the following takes the first antenna unit 101 , the second antenna unit 102 , and the modules between the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 as examples for illustration. It can be understood that similar modules may be included between every two antenna elements included in the antenna array, and details will not be described here.
  • the antenna array may include: a first antenna unit 101 , a second antenna unit 102 , a first decoupling module 103 , a second decoupling module 104 , a first transmission module 105 and a second transmission module 106 .
  • Both ends of the first decoupling module 103 can be connected to the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 respectively; one end of the second decoupling module 104 can be connected to the The other end of the first antenna unit 101 and the second decoupling module 104 may be connected to the second antenna unit 102 through a second transmission module 106 .
  • the first decoupling module 103 and the second decoupling module 104 can be used to decouple the coupling component between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.
  • the first decoupling module and the second decoupling module All coupling modules can generate a reverse current of the signal, and the reverse current can decouple the coupling component between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.
  • any antenna unit may be one of a planar inverted F antenna (Planar inverted Fantenna, PIFA), a monopole antenna, a dipole antenna, and a microstrip patch antenna.
  • PIFA Planar inverted Fantenna
  • the parameters of the first transmission module 105 and the parameters of the second transmission module 106 may be the same, different, or partly the same.
  • the difference between the parameters of the first transmission module 105 and the parameters of the second transmission module 106 is smaller than a predetermined threshold (for example, the predetermined threshold may be 20% of the parameters of the first transmission module 105, or may be all 10% of the parameters of the second transmission module 106 described above).
  • the impedance of the first transmission module 105 and the impedance of the second transmission module 106 may both be 50 ⁇ , and the difference between the length parameter of the first transmission module 105 and the length parameter of the second transmission module 106 is smaller than a predetermined threshold (for example, The predetermined threshold may be 10% of the length parameter of the first transmission module 105, or 5% of the length parameter of the second transmission module 106).
  • the second decoupling module 104 in FIG. 3 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4-7 .
  • the second decoupling module 104 may, but is not limited to, include the following methods:
  • the second decoupling module 104 may include: a fifth transmission module 201 , a sixth transmission module 202 and a seventh transmission module 203 .
  • the fifth transmission module 201 can be connected in series with the sixth transmission module 202, and the two ends of the fifth transmission module 201 and the sixth transmission module 202 connected in series are respectively connected to the first transmission module
  • the connection points between 105 and the second transmission module 106 ; the fifth transmission module 201 and the sixth transmission module 202 may be grounded through the seventh transmission module 203 .
  • the parameters of the fifth transmission module 201 and the parameters of the sixth transmission module 202 may be the same, different, or partly the same.
  • the difference between the parameters of the fifth transmission module 201 and the parameters of the sixth transmission module 202 is smaller than a predetermined threshold (for example, the predetermined threshold may be 10% of the parameters of the fifth transmission module 201, or may be the second 20% of the parameters of the six transmission modules 202).
  • a predetermined threshold may be 10% of the parameters of the fifth transmission module 201, or may be the second 20% of the parameters of the six transmission modules 202).
  • the impedance of the fifth transmission module 201 and the impedance of the sixth transmission module 202 can both be a value in 90-120 ⁇ , the difference between the length parameter of the fifth transmission module 201 and the length parameter of the sixth transmission module 202 less than a predetermined threshold (for example, the predetermined threshold may be 20% of the length parameter of the fifth transmission module 201, or may be 5% of the length parameter of the sixth transmission module 202).
  • a predetermined threshold for example, the predetermined threshold may be 20% of the length parameter of the fifth transmission module 201, or may be 5% of the length parameter of the sixth transmission module 202).
  • the impedance of the fifth transmission module 201 may be a first value in 90-120 ⁇
  • the impedance of the sixth transmission module 202 may be a second value in 90-120 ⁇
  • the first value and the second The difference between the values is smaller than the predetermined threshold.
  • the second decoupling module 104 includes three interconnected transmission modules, two of which can be connected to the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 respectively, and the third transmission module grounded.
  • the decoupling effect of high-impedance transmission lines can be achieved by using three low-impedance transmission modules, thereby effectively improving the isolation between antenna units in a small-sized communication device.
  • the second decoupling module 104 may be a first inductor 301 .
  • the inductance value of the first inductor may be one of 5-50 Henry (nH).
  • the second embodiment can realize the decoupling effect of the high-impedance transmission line through the inductance, thereby effectively improving the isolation between the antenna units in the small-sized communication device.
  • the second decoupling module 104 may be a series branch formed by sequentially connecting the eighth transmission module 401, the second inductor 402 and the ninth transmission module 403 in series.
  • the parameters of the eighth transmission module 401 and the parameters of the ninth transmission module 403 may be the same, different, or partly the same.
  • the difference between the parameters of the eighth transmission module 401 and the parameters of the ninth transmission module 403 is less than a predetermined threshold (for example, the predetermined threshold may be 20% of the parameters of the eighth transmission module 401, or may be 10% of the parameters of the ninth transmission module 403).
  • a predetermined threshold may be 20% of the parameters of the eighth transmission module 401, or may be 10% of the parameters of the ninth transmission module 403.
  • the impedance of the eighth transmission module 401 and the impedance of the ninth transmission module 403 may both be 50 ⁇ , and the difference between the length parameter of the eighth transmission module 401 and the length parameter of the ninth transmission module 403 is smaller than a predetermined threshold (for example, The predetermined threshold may be 10% of the length parameter of the eighth transmission module 401, or 5% of the length parameter of the ninth transmission module 403).
  • the predetermined threshold may be 10% of the impedance of the eighth transmission module 401, or 10% of the impedance of the ninth transmission module 403.
  • the inductance value of the second inductor 402 may be one of 5-50nH.
  • a transmission module is connected to both ends of the second inductance 402 respectively. Through these two transmission modules, the coupling caused by the small-sized inductor can be reduced, thereby further improving the small-sized communication. Isolation between antenna elements in a device.
  • the second decoupling module 104 may be a series branch composed of a first resistor 501 , a tenth transmission module 502 and a second resistor 503 connected in series.
  • parameters of the first resistor 501 and parameters of the second resistor 503 may be the same or different.
  • the impedance of the first resistor 501 and the impedance of the second resistor 503 may both have a value in the range of 25-250 ⁇ .
  • the difference between the impedance of the first resistor 501 and the impedance of the second resistor 503 is smaller than a predetermined threshold (for example, the predetermined threshold may be 20% of the impedance of the first resistor 501, or 10% of the impedance of the second resistor 503).
  • resistors are respectively connected to both ends of the tenth transmission module 502. In this way, while reducing the difficulty of processing, it is also possible to effectively improve the communication between antenna units in small-sized communication devices. isolation.
  • the structure of the first decoupling module 103 and the structure of the second decoupling module 104 may be the same, different, or partly the same.
  • the second decoupling module 104 is one of the above four implementation manners, and the first decoupling module 103 may be a transmission module.
  • the impedance of the first decoupling module 103 can be Im(y' 21 ) is an imaginary part value of Y21 between the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 at the central frequency point.
  • the first decoupling module 103 is one of the above four implementations
  • the second decoupling module 104 is another one of the above four implementations.
  • both the first decoupling module 103 and the second decoupling module 104 are one of the above four implementation manners.
  • the antenna array may further include a matching network (not shown in the figure).
  • the matching network can be located between the port and the decoupling module.
  • the matching network may be located between port 1 and the second decoupling module 104 , and/or between port 2 and the second decoupling module 104 .
  • the matching network may be a conventional matching network or other matching networks, which is not limited in this application.
  • the matching network can reduce loss and distortion during signal transmission.
  • the antenna array includes two decoupling modules, and the two ends of each decoupling module are respectively connected to the two antenna units, so that each decoupling module can The coupled components are decoupled, so that the isolation between antenna elements in the communication device can be effectively improved.
  • Fig. 8 shows another possible structure of the antenna array of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna array may further include: a third transmission module 107 and a fourth transmission module 108 .
  • one end of the first decoupling module 103 may be connected to the first antenna unit 101 through the third transmission module 107; the other end of the first decoupling module 103 may be connected through the fourth The transmission module 108 is connected to the second antenna unit 102 .
  • One end of the second decoupling module 104 can be connected to the first antenna unit 101 through the first transmission module 105 and the third transmission module 107 in turn; the other end of the second decoupling module 104 It can be connected to the second antenna unit 102 through the second transmission module 106 and the fourth transmission module 108 in sequence.
  • the second decoupling module 104 may have various implementations.
  • the structures and parameters of the first antenna unit 101, the second antenna unit 102, the first decoupling module 103, the second decoupling module 104, the first transmission module 105, and the second transmission module 106 can be referred to as shown in Fig. 3-7 The description of the antenna array will not be repeated here.
  • the impedance of the first decoupling module 103 can be Im(y' 21 ) is the imaginary part value of Y21 at the center frequency point obtained by decoupling the third transmission module 107 and the fourth transmission module 108.
  • the parameters of the third transmission module 107 and the parameters of the fourth transmission module 108 will be described below.
  • the parameters of the third transmission module 107 and the parameters of the fourth transmission module 108 may be the same, different, or partly the same.
  • the impedance of the third transmission module 107 and the impedance of the fourth transmission module 108 can both be 50 ohms ( ⁇ ), and the length parameter of the third transmission module 107 and the length parameter of the fourth transmission module 108 can be both Among them, k is a positive integer, is the phase of Y21. Among them, Y21 is located in the second row and first column of the Y matrix. The Y matrix can represent the voltage and current relationship between port 1 and port 2. Wherein, port 1 corresponds to the first antenna unit 101 , and port 2 corresponds to the second antenna unit 102 . Y21 represents the ratio of the current at port 2 to the voltage at port 1 when port 1 transmits a signal.
  • the difference between the parameters of the third transmission module 107 and the parameters of the fourth transmission module 108 is less than a predetermined threshold (for example, the predetermined threshold may be 10% of the parameters of the third transmission module 107, or may be all 20% of the parameters of the fourth transmission module 108 described above).
  • a predetermined threshold may be 10% of the parameters of the third transmission module 107, or may be all 20% of the parameters of the fourth transmission module 108 described above.
  • the impedance of the third transmission module 107 and the impedance of the fourth transmission module 108 can both be 50 ohms ( ⁇ ), and the difference between the length parameter of the first transmission module 105 and the length parameter of the fourth transmission module 108 is less than a predetermined Threshold (for example, the predetermined threshold may be 10% of the length parameter of the third transmission module 107, or may be 20% of the length parameter of the fourth transmission module 108).
  • a predetermined Threshold for example, the predetermined threshold may be 10% of the length parameter of the third transmission module 107, or may be 20% of the length parameter of the fourth transmission module 108.
  • the length parameter of the third transmission module 107 and the length parameter of the fourth transmission module 108 can be both The difference between the impedance of the third transmission module 107 and the impedance of the fourth transmission module 108 is less than a predetermined threshold (for example, the predetermined threshold may be 10% of the impedance of the third transmission module 107, or 10% of the impedance of the fourth transmission module 108. 20% of the impedance of the transmission module 108).
  • a predetermined threshold may be 10% of the impedance of the third transmission module 107, or 10% of the impedance of the fourth transmission module 108. 20% of the impedance of the transmission module 108).
  • parameters of the first transmission module 105 and parameters of the third transmission module 107 may be interchanged, and parameters of the second transmission module 106 and parameters of the fourth transmission module 108 may also be interchanged.
  • the antenna array includes two decoupling modules, and the two ends of each decoupling module are respectively connected to the two antenna units through the transmission module, that is to say, the two ends of each decoupling module are respectively connected to on the feeder of the antenna unit.
  • the two decoupling modules decouple the coupling components between the two antenna units, which can not only avoid affecting the radiation performance of the antenna units, but also effectively improve the isolation between the antenna units in the communication device.
  • the parameters of the first transmission module 105 in the antenna array shown in FIG. 3-7 can be replaced with the parameters of the third transmission module 107.
  • the parameters of can be replaced with the parameters of the fourth transmission module 108 .
  • the module between every two antenna units (for example, the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102) among the plurality of antenna units can be located between the antenna unit and the bandpass filter between.
  • modules between the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 may be located within the virtual frame shown in FIG. 13 (for example, located between the antenna unit and the port).
  • the first transmission module 105 and the third transmission module 107 may be located between the first antenna unit 101 and port 1
  • the second transmission module 106 and the fourth transmission module 108 may be located between the first antenna unit 101 and the port 1.
  • the first decoupling module 103 and the second decoupling module 104 may be located between two radio frequency paths, and the two radio frequency paths are connected to the first antenna unit 101 and the second radio frequency path respectively.
  • the two antenna units 102 correspond.
  • port 1 is an antenna port corresponding to the first antenna unit 101
  • port 2 is an antenna port corresponding to the second antenna unit 102.
  • both ends of the first decoupling module 103 and the second decoupling module 104 may also be connected to port 1 and port 2 respectively.
  • the antenna array may include two decoupling modules, and the two ends of each decoupling module are respectively connected to two antenna units.
  • the coupling components between the units are decoupled, that is, the second-level decoupling is realized, so that the isolation between the antenna units in the communication device can be effectively improved.
  • the second decoupling module 104 is connected to the corresponding port of the antenna unit, and decouples the coupling component between the two antenna units at the port, so as to improve the isolation between the antenna units and also The influence on the radiation performance of the antenna unit can be reduced.
  • the two decoupling modules provided in the embodiment of the present application can effectively improve the isolation between the antenna units.
  • the antenna array may include: multiple antenna units including a first antenna unit 101 and a second antenna unit 102 , a second decoupling module 104 , a third transmission module 107 , and a fourth transmission module 108 .
  • the second decoupling module 104 can be connected to the first antenna unit 101 through the third transmission module 107, and the second decoupling module 104 can be connected to the The second antenna unit 102 .
  • the line width of the second decoupling module 104 is greater than the line width of the transmission line that produces the same decoupling effect.
  • the parameters of the third transmission module 107 may be replaced by the parameters of the above-mentioned first transmission module 105
  • the parameters of the fourth transmission module 108 may be replaced by the parameters of the above-mentioned second transmission module 106 .
  • the second decoupling module 104 may also have various implementations.
  • the two antenna units are respectively coupled to both ends of the decoupling module through the transmission module, and the decoupling module can decouple the coupling component between the two antenna units.
  • the line width of the decoupling module is larger than the line width of the transmission line that produces the same decoupling effect, while effectively improving the isolation between antenna elements in small-sized communication devices, it can also reduce the cost of manufacturing antenna arrays. difficulty.
  • the decoupling module provided in the embodiment of the present application can effectively improve the isolation between antenna units.
  • FIG. 19a and 19b are a top view and a side view, respectively, of the antenna array shown in FIG. 8 .
  • One possible physical configuration comprising the antenna array shown in FIG. 8 is shown in the figure.
  • the components and reference numerals of the antenna array in Fig. 19a and Fig. 19b are the same as those in Fig. 8, and will not be repeated here.
  • the shape of the first antenna unit 101 and the shape of the second antenna unit 102 may be different.
  • FIG. 20 shows simulation results of isolation before and after decoupling using the antenna array shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the bandwidth used by the communication device is 13% of the antenna bandwidth.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application can increase the isolation between antenna elements from 10dB to 32dB (before S21_decoupling to after S21_decoupling), and the return loss in the frequency band is less than -11dB. Adopting this solution, the following technical indicators can be met: the bandwidth used by communication equipment (including standing wave bandwidth and isolation bandwidth) is greater than or equal to 10% of the antenna bandwidth, and the isolation between antenna elements is greater than or equal to 18dB.
  • the figure also shows the simulation result of the isolation after decoupling by using the first decoupling structure 103 (ie, S21_first-level decoupling).
  • the first decoupling structure 103 for decoupling cannot meet the technical index of isolation: the isolation between antenna elements is greater than or equal to 18 dB.
  • FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 respectively show the directivity diagrams of the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 in the horizontal direction after decoupling using the antenna array shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the solid line indicates the pattern of the first antenna unit 101 in the horizontal direction when the center frequency is 1.95 GHz; the bold dashed line indicates the direction pattern of the first antenna unit 101 in the horizontal direction when the center frequency is 2.14 GHz direction map.
  • Fig. 21 the solid line indicates the pattern of the first antenna unit 101 in the horizontal direction when the center frequency is 1.95 GHz
  • the bold dashed line indicates the direction pattern of the first antenna unit 101 in the horizontal direction when the center frequency is 2.14 GHz direction map.
  • the solid line represents the pattern of the second antenna unit 102 in the horizontal direction when the center frequency is 1.95 GHz; the thickened dotted line represents the direction pattern of the second antenna unit 102 in the horizontal direction when the center frequency is 2.14 GHz direction map.
  • the differences between the maximum value and the minimum value of the directivity patterns in the horizontal direction of the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 are both less than 7 dB.
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value on the pattern is less than or equal to 8dB.
  • the antenna array of the embodiment of the present application is used to decouple the coupling components between the antenna units, the current on the other antenna unit is very weak, and the radiation field of the antenna unit that transmits the signal Less affected.
  • the size of conventional two antenna elements is 0.65 ⁇ 0.65 ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ .
  • the size of the two antenna elements can be reduced to 0.25 ⁇ 0.25 ⁇ 0.06 ⁇ under the condition that technical indicators such as isolation are met.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application can reduce the size of the antenna unit by more than 70%. Therefore, the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present application has the advantages of miniaturization, high isolation, easy integration, high roundness, and the like.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna system, where the antenna system includes any antenna array described above.
  • the decoupling module can decouple the coupling component between the two antenna units, thereby effectively improving the isolation between the antenna units in the communication device.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, where the communication device includes any one of the above-mentioned antenna arrays or the above-mentioned antenna system.
  • the decoupling module can decouple the coupling component between the two antenna units, thereby effectively improving the isolation between the antenna units in the communication device. Since the size of the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present application is very small, the antenna array can be easily integrated into a small-sized communication device (for example, an indoor multi-antenna small base station), and the size of the communication device will not be affected by the number of antenna elements. significantly increased.

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Abstract

La présente demande concerne un réseau d'antennes, un système d'antenne et un dispositif de communication, qui sont utilisés pour augmenter le degré d'isolation entre des unités d'antenne. Le réseau d'antennes peut comprendre deux modules de découplage et deux unités d'antenne. Deux extrémités de chaque module de découplage sont respectivement reliées aux deux unités d'antenne, et l'un des deux modules de découplage peut être connecté aux deux unités d'antenne au moyen d'un module de transmission. De cette manière, les deux modules de découplage peuvent découpler un composant de couplage entre deux unités d'antenne, de telle sorte que le degré d'isolation entre les unités d'antenne dans un dispositif de communication peut être efficacement augmenté.
PCT/CN2021/113315 2021-08-18 2021-08-18 Réseau d'antennes, système d'antenne et dispositif de communication WO2023019480A1 (fr)

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CN202180098680.3A CN117397121A (zh) 2021-08-18 2021-08-18 一种天线阵列、天线系统及通信设备
PCT/CN2021/113315 WO2023019480A1 (fr) 2021-08-18 2021-08-18 Réseau d'antennes, système d'antenne et dispositif de communication

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012071842A1 (fr) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-07 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Antenne à matrice à entrées multiples et sorties multiples
CN105103371A (zh) * 2012-12-06 2015-11-25 微软技术许可有限责任公司 可重新配置多带天线解耦网络
TW201603391A (zh) * 2014-07-01 2016-01-16 香港中文大學 用於消除多個緊湊天線間耦合的方法和設備
CN105870627A (zh) * 2016-03-31 2016-08-17 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 一种移动终端、多天线系统和解耦方法
CN212517490U (zh) * 2020-05-12 2021-02-09 西安电子科技大学 天线装置和电子设备

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012071842A1 (fr) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-07 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Antenne à matrice à entrées multiples et sorties multiples
CN105103371A (zh) * 2012-12-06 2015-11-25 微软技术许可有限责任公司 可重新配置多带天线解耦网络
TW201603391A (zh) * 2014-07-01 2016-01-16 香港中文大學 用於消除多個緊湊天線間耦合的方法和設備
CN105870627A (zh) * 2016-03-31 2016-08-17 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 一种移动终端、多天线系统和解耦方法
CN212517490U (zh) * 2020-05-12 2021-02-09 西安电子科技大学 天线装置和电子设备

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