WO2023016586A2

WO2023016586A2 - Surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2023016586A2
Application number: PCT/CN2022/130880
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张官进; 权玲; 袁平; 李新伟; 张振国; 刘吉凯; 鲁立江; 马强; 余徐明; 曹正; 龙子杰; 徐院平; 刘佳乐
Original assignee: 安徽科技学院
Priority date: 2022-11-09
Filing date: 2022-11-09
Publication date: 2023-02-16
Also published as: WO2023016586A3; ZA202303166B

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle, which relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping. The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a body, support plates, electric motors, fan blades, and a surveying and mapping camera, wherein the support plates are respectively connected to corners of the upper end of the body, each electric motor is arranged in one support plate, an output end of each electric motor is connected to one fan blade, an air inlet is provided in the body, a heat dissipating hole in communication with the air inlet is provided in each support plate, and the surveying and mapping camera is rotationally connected to the lower end of the body. The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle of the present invention is capable of performing self-heat-dissipation during flight.

Description

A surveying and mapping drone

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping, in particular to a surveying and mapping drone.

Background technique

Surveying and mapping is a technology applied to various space, geography and information-based technologies, that is, surveying and mapping, etc., and there are many ways of surveying and mapping, such as using traditional surveying and mapping instruments and UAVs, and UAVs for surveying and mapping It uses the images recorded by the camera of the UAV for surveying and mapping, which can effectively reflect the graphics and position information of the ground status quo. However, during the flight of the existing surveying and mapping UAV, due to the operation of the internal motor At this time, continuous heat dissipation is required, which is inconvenient.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surveying and mapping UAV to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, capable of self-radiation during flight.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

The invention provides a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle, which includes a body, a support plate, a motor, a fan blade, and a surveying and mapping camera. In the support plate, the output ends of each of the motors are respectively connected to one of the fan blades, the body is provided with an air inlet hole, and the support plate is provided with a cooling hole communicating with the air inlet hole, so The surveying and mapping camera is rotatably connected to the lower end of the body.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

In the present invention, by setting the air inlet hole and the heat dissipation hole, when the surveying and mapping UAV is flying, the wind enters through the air inlet hole and blows to the motor through the heat dissipation hole to dissipate heat from the motor.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the internal schematic diagram (front view angle) of the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the internal schematic diagram (side view angle) of the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a side view of the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the connecting plate, the transmission gear and the protective plate of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Body; 2. Support plate; 3. Support rod; 4. Protective ring; 5. Motor; 6. Drive shaft; 7. Fan blade; 8. Air inlet hole; 9. Air inlet blade; 10. Fixed shaft; 11, first bevel gear; 12, second bevel gear; 13, support column; 14, cutting sheet; 15, windproof cloth; 16, ring block; 17, return spring; ;19, push block; 20, surveying and mapping camera; 21, limit rod; 22, cooling hole; 23, support block; 24, compression spring; 25, ejector rod; 26, connecting plate; 27, transmission gear; 28, protection Plate; 29, inner groove; 30, bearing plate.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-6: this embodiment provides a surveying and mapping drone, including a body 1, a support plate 2, a motor 5, fan blades 7, and a surveying and mapping camera 20, and the body 1 is the main shell of the surveying and mapping drone body, each support plate 2 is connected with each corner of the upper end of the body 1, each motor 5 is respectively arranged in a support plate 2, the output end of each motor 5 is connected with a fan blade 7 respectively through a drive shaft 6, and one of the body 1 The side is provided with an air inlet hole 8, and the support plate 2 is provided with a heat dissipation hole 22, the top of the heat dissipation hole 22 communicates with the air inlet hole 8, and the end of the heat dissipation hole 22 corresponds to the position of the motor 5, and the wind enters the heat dissipation hole through the air inlet hole 8 22. The motor 5 is dissipated, and the surveying and mapping camera 20 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the body 1 .

The outer side of each fan blade 7 is provided with a protective ring 4, and one side of the support plate 2 is provided with a support rod 3, and the protective ring 4 is connected with the top surface of the support rod 3. During the flight, the protective ring 4 can protect the fan blade 7. protection, thereby preventing damage to the fan blade 7 caused by direct impact somewhere during the flight.

It also includes support blocks 23 that are slidably connected to the body 1. The support blocks 23 run through the bottom surface of the body 1. A push rod 25 is respectively arranged on the upper end of each support block 23, and a compression spring 24 is sleeved on the outside of each push rod 25, normally In this state, there is a gap between the upper end of the push rod 25 and the body 1, one end of the compression spring 24 is against the body 1, the other end of the compression spring 24 is against the support block 23, and a load-bearing plate 30 is respectively provided at the lower end of each support block 23. .

It also includes a transmission gear 27, a connecting plate 26 and a protective plate 28. The transmission gear 27 is arranged in the body 1 and is rotatably connected with the body 1. The connecting plate 26 is connected to the top of the push rod 25 and the connecting plate 26 is positioned at the outside of the push rod 25. The connecting plate 26 is slidably connected with the body 1, and the protective plate 28 is slidably connected with the body 1. When the two protective plates 28 fall, the two protective plates 28 are symmetrically distributed in front and rear of the surveying and mapping camera 20. The connecting plate 26 and the protective plate 28 are respectively Located on both sides of the transmission gear 27, the connecting plate 26 and the protective plate 28 are respectively provided with meshing teeth, the transmission gear 27 meshes with the connecting plate 26 and the protective plate 28 respectively, and the outer surface of the protective plate 28 is provided with an inner groove 29, and the inner groove 29 is communicated with air inlet hole 8. When the support block 23 falls and is squeezed to slide upward, the support block 23 pushes the compression spring 24 to charge, and at the same time pushes the push rod 25 to slide upward, and the push rod 25 drives the connecting plate 26 to slide upward, and the connecting plate 26 meshes with the transmission gear 27, The transmission gear 27 is rotated and meshed with the protective plate 28 at the same time, and the protective plate 28 is driven to slide downward, so that the protective plate 28 covers the parts below the body 1 and protects the surveying and mapping camera 20 .

The air inlet 8 is provided with an air inlet blade 9, and the air inlet blade 9 is arranged on a fixed shaft 10 in the body 1, and the fixed shaft 10 is rotatably connected with the body 1, and the outer side of the air inlet blade 9 is provided with a first bevel gear 11 , the first bevel gear 11 meshes with the second bevel gear 12 in the body 1, the radius of the first bevel gear 11 is greater than the radius of the second bevel gear 12, and the second bevel gear 12 is connected to the cutting through the support column 13 The pieces 14 are connected, the support column 13 runs through the bottom surface of the body 1 , the cutting piece 14 is located outside the body 1 , and the cutting piece 14 is located in front of the surveying and mapping camera 20 . During the flight, the wind enters the body 1 through the air inlet hole 8, drives the air inlet vane 9 to rotate, and the air inlet vane 9 drives the first bevel gear 11 to rotate, because the radius of the second bevel gear 12 is smaller after being meshed It can rotate quickly, and then drive the support column 13 to rotate, and the support column 13 can drive the cutting piece 14 to rotate, and the object in front of the surveying and mapping camera 20 is cut to prevent objects from being entangled.

The body 1 is provided with a ring block 16 which is slidingly connected with the body 1. The inner surface of the ring block 16 is provided with a wind-blocking cloth 15. The wind-blocking cloth 15 is made of nylon fabric, and the wind-blocking cloth 15 corresponds to the air inlet 8. A return spring 17 is arranged between the ring block 16 and the body 1. When the air inlet hole 8 enters the wind, the wind force blows to the motor 5 through the heat dissipation hole 22 for auxiliary heat dissipation, and at the same time, the wind will blow the airtight wind blocking cloth 15 , the wind blocking cloth 15 drives the ring block 16 to slide, and the ring block 16 stretches the return spring 17, so that the return spring 17 is stretched and charged.

The other end of the ring block 16 is rotatably connected with one end of the guide rod 18, and the other end of the guide rod 18 is rotatably connected with one end of the push block 19. The push block 19 runs through the bottom surface of the body 1 and is slidably connected with the body 1. The push block 19 The other end of the push block 19 is in contact with one side of the surveying and mapping camera 20, the other end of the push block 19 is arc-shaped, and fits the outer surface of the survey and mapping camera 20, and the position where the push block 19 contacts the survey and map camera 20 is close to the survey and map camera 20 and the body 1 At the position of rotation connection, the upper end of the surveying and mapping camera 20 is provided with a limit rod 21, which is slidingly connected with the body 1, and the limit rod 21 is arc-shaped. When the ring block 16 is pushed, it will drive one end of the guide rod 18 to move, so that the other end of the guide rod 18 will push the push block 19, and drive the push block 19 to slide downward, so that the push block 19 pushes the surveying and mapping camera 20, allowing The surveying and mapping camera 20 rotates under the assistance of the connecting shaft between the surveying and mapping camera 20 and the body 1 and the limit lever 21, so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the angle according to the wind speed in the flight speed.

The bottom of the support block 23 is provided with a wireless charging device. When the control system judges that the remaining energy storage of the surveying and mapping UAV has reached the return threshold, the body 1 will automatically perform the return charging operation, and automatically navigate to the set base station wireless charging pile for automatic charging. Charging operation.

The return threshold refers to the power required to sail from the current location of the surveying and mapping drone to the set location of the charging base station.

In this embodiment, there are four fan blades 7, and the fan blades 7 at the diagonal positions are centrally symmetrically arranged. When one of the fan blades 7 fails, the fan blade 7 that is centrally symmetrical to the failed fan blade 7 stops working. The remaining fan blades 7 work normally.

Connect the built-in power supply to the surveying and mapping UAV, start the motor 5 through remote control, and drive the drive shaft 6 to drive the fan blade 7 to rotate to generate lift, so that the fan blade 7 drives the whole to rise and fly, and the support rod 3 on the support plate 2 The protective ring 4 supported protects the fan blade 7 to prevent the fan blade 7 from being collided by flying insects when rotating. Blade 9, let the wind inlet blade 9 drive the first bevel gear 11 to rotate, so that the second bevel gear 12 drives the cutting piece 14 on the support column 13 to rotate, so that the cutting piece 14 cuts the straw ropes that come flying, To realize the protection of the surveying and mapping camera 20, the wind enters the heat dissipation hole 22, and the motor 5 is air-cooled and radiated heat. Make the ring block 16 push the push block 19 through the guide rod 18, drive the push block 19 to push the surveying and mapping camera 20, and allow the surveying and mapping camera 20 to rotate under the assistance of the limit rod 21, so as to achieve faster flying speed and stronger wind, The surveying and mapping camera 20 rotates to be able to take pictures of the front, and when the flight speed is slow and the wind is small, the surveying and mapping camera 20 turns around to take pictures of the bottom, thereby achieving the effect of self-adjustment and convenient surveying and mapping photography; when landing, the bearing plate 30 touches the ground, and the supporting block 23 rises to squeeze the compression spring 24, and achieve a cushioning effect through the compression spring 24. At the same time, the support block 23 drives the connecting plate 26 on the ejector rod 25 to rise and mesh with the transmission gear 27, driving the transmission gear 27 to rotate and mesh with the protective plate 28 , the protective plate 28 descends, so that the protective plate 28 can cover the surveying and mapping camera 20 when it lands, so as to achieve a protective effect and improve safety, and prevent damage to the surveying and mapping camera 20 caused by the wind blowing sand and gravel directly hitting the ground , and at the same time under the action of the inner groove 29, the wind can enter the air inlet hole 8 and the cooling hole 22 through the inner groove 29 to achieve heat dissipation and increase the overall practicability; this embodiment can also realize the emergency slow down function and Automatic return function, when some fan blades 7 of the UAV fail due to collision, mechanical failure, etc., the body 1 will automatically control other normal blades 7 to perform emergency slow down operation; 7, when there are symmetrical remaining fan blades 7, try to make the symmetrical fan blades 7 rotate at the same time to maintain the maximum balance, and try to make the drone have a certain lift to offset the impact of falling , which can prevent body 1 from rolling over in the air due to imbalance. When the system judges that the remaining energy storage of the UAV has reached the return threshold, body 1 will automatically perform the return charging operation and automatically navigate to the set base station charging pile. Automatic charging operation.

Claims

A surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: it includes a body, a support plate, a motor, a fan blade, and a surveying and mapping camera, each of the support plates is connected to each corner of the upper end of the body, and each of the motors is respectively arranged in a In the support plate, the output ends of each of the motors are respectively connected to one of the fan blades, the body is provided with an air inlet hole, and the support plate is provided with a cooling hole communicating with the air inlet hole, so The surveying and mapping camera is rotatably connected to the lower end of the body.
The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: a protective ring is provided on the outer side of each of the fan blades, and the protective ring is connected to the support plate through a support rod.
The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes support blocks slidingly connected with the body, each of the support blocks is provided with a push rod at the upper end, and the outer sides of each of the push rods are respectively sleeved. A compression spring is provided, one end of the compression spring abuts against the body, the other end of the compression spring abuts against the support blocks, and a load-bearing plate is provided at the lower end of each support block.
The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: it also includes a transmission gear, a connecting plate and a protective plate, the transmission gear is arranged in the body and is rotatably connected with the body, and the connecting plate is connected with the body The push rod is connected, the connecting plate is slidably connected with the body, the protective plate is slidably connected with the body, the connecting plate and the protective plate are respectively located on both sides of the transmission gear, and the transmission The gears are engaged with the connecting plate and the protective plate respectively.
The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: an air inlet blade is arranged at the air inlet hole, and a first bevel gear is arranged on the outside of the air inlet blade, and the first bevel gear Mesh with the second bevel gear in the body, the second bevel gear is connected with the cutting piece through the supporting column, and the position of the cutting piece corresponds to the surveying and mapping camera.
The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the body is provided with a ring block slidingly connected with the body, the inner surface of the ring block is provided with a wind-blocking cloth, and the air-blocking The air cloth corresponds to the air inlet hole, a return spring is arranged between the ring block and the body, the other end of the ring block is rotatably connected to one end of the guide rod, and the other end of the guide rod is connected to the One end of the push block is rotatably connected, the other end of the push block is in contact with one side of the surveying and mapping camera, the upper end of the surveying and mapping camera is provided with a limit rod, and the limit rod is slidably connected with the body, and the limit The bit bar is arc-shaped.
The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the bottom of the support block is provided with a wireless charging device, and when the control system judges that the remaining energy storage of the surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle has reached the return threshold, the machine Experience the automatic return-to-air charging operation, and automatically navigate to the set base station wireless charging pile for automatic charging operation.
The surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 7, characterized in that: the return threshold refers to the power required to sail from the current position of the surveying and mapping UAV to the set charging base station.
The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are four fan blades, and the fan blades at the diagonal positions are arranged symmetrically to the center. When one of the fan blades fails, the The centrally symmetrical fan blades of the faulty fan blades stop working, and the rest of the fan blades work normally.