WO2023015485A1 - 一种传声器 - Google Patents
一种传声器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023015485A1 WO2023015485A1 PCT/CN2021/112056 CN2021112056W WO2023015485A1 WO 2023015485 A1 WO2023015485 A1 WO 2023015485A1 CN 2021112056 W CN2021112056 W CN 2021112056W WO 2023015485 A1 WO2023015485 A1 WO 2023015485A1
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- vibration
- pickup part
- vibration pickup
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- microphone
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Images
Classifications
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- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
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- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
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- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
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- H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
- H04R1/2884—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of the enclosure structure, i.e. strengthening or shape of the enclosure
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Abstract
Description
Claims (21)
- 一种传声器,其特征在于,包括:壳体结构;振动拾取部,所述振动拾取部响应于所述壳体结构的振动而产生振动;振动传递部,被配置为传递所述振动拾取部产生的振动;以及声电转换元件,被配置为接收所述振动传递部传递的振动而产生电信号;其中,所述振动拾取部的至少部分结构与所述振动传递部之间限制形成真空腔体,所述声电转换元件位于所述真空腔体中。
- 根据权利要求1所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述真空腔体内部的真空度小于100Pa。
- 根据权利要求1所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述真空腔体内部的真空度为10 -6Pa-100Pa。
- 根据权利要求1所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述振动拾取部与所述壳体结构限制形成至少一个声学腔体,所述至少一个声学腔体包括第一声学腔体;所述壳体结构包括至少一个孔部,所述至少一个孔部位于所述第一声学腔体对应的所述壳体结构的侧壁处,所述至少一个孔部将所述第一声学腔体与外部连通;其中,所述振动拾取部响应于通过所述至少一个孔部处传递的所述外部声音信号而产生振动,所述声电转换元件分别接收所述振动拾取部的振动而产生电信号。
- 根据权利要求1所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述振动拾取部包括由上至下依次设置的第一振动拾取部和第二振动拾取部,所述第一振动拾取部与所述第二振动拾取部之间设有呈管状结构的振动传递部;所述振动传递部、所述第一振动拾取部和所述第二振动拾取部之间限制形成所述真空腔体,所述第一振动拾取部和所述第二振动拾取部通过其周侧与所述壳体结构连接;其中,所述第一振动拾取部和所述第二振动拾取部的至少部分结构响应于所述外部声音信号产生振动。
- 根据权利要求5所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述第一振动拾取部或所述第二振动拾取部包括弹性部和固定部,所述第一振动拾取部的固定部和所述第二振动拾取部的固定部和所述振动传递部之间限制形成所述真空腔体,所述弹性部连接于所述固定部和所述壳体结构的内壁之间;其中,所述弹性部响应于所述外部声音信号产生振动。
- 根据权利要求6所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述固定部的刚度大于所述弹性部的刚度。
- 根据权利要求7所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述固定部的杨氏模量大于50GPa。
- 根据权利要求5所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述传声器还包括加固件,所述加固件位于所述真空腔体对应的第一振动拾取部和第二振动拾取部的上表面或下表面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述振动拾取部包括第一振动拾取部、第二振动拾取部和第三振动拾取部,所述第一振动拾取部和所述第二振动拾取部呈上下相对设置,所述第一振动拾取部与所述第二振动拾取部之间设有呈管状结构的振动传递部,所述振动传递部、所述第一振动拾取部和所述第二振动拾取部之间限制形成所述真空腔体;所述第三振动拾取部连接于所述振动传递部和所述壳体结构的内壁之间;其中,所述第三振动拾取部响应于所述外部声音信号产生振动。
- 根据权利要求10所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述第一振动拾取部和所述第二振动拾取部的刚度大于所述第三振动拾取部的刚度。
- 根据权利要求11所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述第一振动拾取部和所述第二振动拾取部的杨氏模量大于50GPa。
- 根据权利要求1所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述声电转换元件包括一个悬臂梁结构,所述悬臂梁结构的一端与所述声所述振动传递部的内壁连接,所述悬臂梁结构的另一端悬空设置于所述真空腔体中;其中,所述悬臂梁结构基于所述振动信号发生形变,以将所述振动信号转化为电信号。
- 根据权利要求13所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述悬臂梁结构包括第一电极层、压电层、第二电极层、弹性层、基底层,所述第一电极层、所述压电层和所述第二电极层由上至下依次设置,所述弹性层位于所述第一电极层的上表面或所述第二电极层的下表面,所述基底层位于所述弹性层的上表面或下表面。
- 根据权利要求13所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述悬臂梁结构包括至少一个弹性层、电极层和压电层;所述至少一个弹性层位于所述电极层的表面;所述电极层包括第一电极和第二电极,其中,所述第一电极弯折成第一梳齿状结构,所述第二电极弯折成第二梳齿状结构,所述第一梳齿状结构与所述第二梳齿状结构相配合形成所述电极层,所述电极层位于所述压电层的上表面或下表面;所述第一梳齿状结构和所述第二梳齿状结构沿所述悬臂梁结构的长度方向延伸。
- 根据权利要求1所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述声电转换元件包括第一悬臂梁结构和第二悬臂梁结构,所述第一悬臂梁结构与所述第二悬臂梁结构相对设置,且所述第一悬臂梁结构与所述第二悬臂梁结构具有第一间距;其中,所述第一悬臂梁结构与所述第二悬臂梁结构的第一间距基于所述振动信号发生变化,以将所述振动信号转换为电信号。
- 根据权利要求16所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述声电转换元件对应的所述第一悬臂梁结构和所述第二悬臂梁结构的一端与所述振动传递部周侧的内壁连接,所述第一悬臂梁结构和所述第二悬臂梁结构的另一端悬空设置于所述真空腔体中。
- 根据权利要求16所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述第一悬臂梁结构的刚度与所述第二悬臂梁结构的刚度不同。
- 根据权利要求1所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述传声器包括至少一个膜结构,所述至少一个膜结构位于所述声电转换元件的上表面和/或下表面。
- 根据权利要求19所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述至少一个膜结构全部或局部覆盖所述声电转换元件的上表面和/或下表面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的传声器,其特征在于,所述传声器包括至少一个支撑结构,所述至少一个支撑结构的一端与所述振动拾取部的第一振动拾取部连接,所述支撑结构的另一端与所述振动拾取部的第二振动拾取部连接,所述至少两个声电转换元件中的自由端与所述支撑结构具有第二间距。
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JP2016161410A (ja) * | 2015-03-02 | 2016-09-05 | 株式会社東芝 | 歪検出素子、圧力センサ及びマイクロフォン |
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CN108924720A (zh) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Mems麦克风 |
CN110560350A (zh) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-12-13 | 武汉大学 | 基于Helmholtz共振腔的接收超声换能器 |
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