WO2023012892A1 - 偏光子、偏光子適用機器、及び偏光子の製造方法 - Google Patents
偏光子、偏光子適用機器、及び偏光子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023012892A1 WO2023012892A1 PCT/JP2021/028748 JP2021028748W WO2023012892A1 WO 2023012892 A1 WO2023012892 A1 WO 2023012892A1 JP 2021028748 W JP2021028748 W JP 2021028748W WO 2023012892 A1 WO2023012892 A1 WO 2023012892A1
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3058—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state comprising electrically conductive elements, e.g. wire grids, conductive particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00634—Production of filters
- B29D11/00644—Production of filters polarizing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/48—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using wave or particle radiation means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a polarizer, a polarizer application device, and a method for manufacturing a polarizer.
- Electromagnetic waves in the terahertz (THz) frequency band are expected to be used for object detection or imaging, and for 6G (6th Generation) communications. Since terahertz waves are often used after being polarized into linearly polarized waves or circularly polarized waves, a polarizer for terahertz waves is required to use terahertz waves.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a polarizer for terahertz using a wire grid including a plurality of metallic wires (for example, tungsten wires) arranged at regular intervals.
- JP 2018-36517 A (for example, paragraph 0031, FIG. 1)
- the above-described conventional polarizer has a problem that the polarization performance is likely to deteriorate due to breakage of the metal wire or misalignment of the metal wire.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a polarizer capable of stably maintaining polarization performance, a polarizer application device having the polarizer, and a method for manufacturing a polarizer.
- a polarizer of the present disclosure is a polarizer that polarizes electromagnetic waves, and includes a plurality of carbon fibers and a holding portion that holds the plurality of carbon fibers while being spaced apart from each other. , wherein the plurality of carbon fibers have a portion extending in the same direction.
- a method for manufacturing a polarizer of the present disclosure is a method for manufacturing a polarizer that polarizes electromagnetic waves, in which a plurality of carbon fibers are spaced apart from each other and arranged to have portions extending in the same direction. and fixing the plurality of carbon fibers.
- the method for manufacturing a polarizer of the present disclosure is a method for manufacturing a polarizer that polarizes electromagnetic waves, and includes a plurality of carbon fibers and plastics arranged on a mold so as to have portions extending in the same direction. placing a raw material; applying pressure to the plurality of carbon fibers placed on the mold and the plastic raw material to mold the plastic raw material; and Curing to form a molding containing the plurality of carbon fibers and a plastic portion filling the periphery of the plurality of carbon fibers; and Removing the molding from the mold. It is characterized by
- the polarization performance of the polarizer can be stably maintained.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of a main part of a polarizer according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the entire polarizer according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3A to 3C are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing the polarizer of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing an example of a method for manufacturing the polarizer of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of a polarizer according to Embodiment 2; 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the polarizer of FIG. 5 taken along line VI-VI.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the polarizer of FIG.
- FIG. 5 taken along line VII-VII; 5A to 5C are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing the polarizer of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the polarization characteristics of the polarizer of FIG. 5 and the carbon fiber density;
- FIG. (A) and (B) are schematic diagrams showing the configuration of an encoder as a polarizer-applied device according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the detailed structure of the polarizer of the encoder shown in FIGS. 12(A) and 12(B);
- a polarizer, a polarizer-applied device, and a method for manufacturing a polarizer according to embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- the following embodiments are merely examples, and the embodiments can be combined as appropriate and each embodiment can be modified as appropriate.
- the coordinate axes of the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system are shown in the figure to make it easier to understand the relationship between the figures.
- the X-axis is the coordinate axis of the X-direction in which each carbon fiber extends (that is, the orientation direction of the carbon fibers).
- the Y-axis is a coordinate axis in the Y-direction (that is, arrangement direction) in which a plurality of carbon fibers are arranged.
- the Z-axis is a coordinate axis in the Z direction, which is the direction in which electromagnetic waves are incident.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of main parts of a polarizer 1 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the entire polarizer 1.
- FIG. A polarizer 1 polarizes the electromagnetic wave.
- the polarizer 1 has a structure particularly suitable for polarizing terahertz waves traveling in the Z direction.
- a terahertz wave is, for example, an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 0.1 THz to 10 THz (that is, a wavelength of 30 ⁇ m to 3000 ⁇ m).
- the polarizer 1 has a plurality of carbon fibers 11 and a holding member 12 that is a holding portion that holds the plurality of carbon fibers 11 in a spaced-apart manner. are doing.
- the holding member 12 can also be used as a jig for holding a plurality of carbon fibers 11 .
- the multiple carbon fibers 11 are conductors having portions extending in the same direction (the X direction in FIG. 1).
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which a plurality of carbon fibers 11 extend in the same X direction (that is, parallel to each other).
- the number of carbon fibers may be any number. Further, the details of the material, size, density, etc. of the carbon fiber used will be described in the second embodiment below.
- the holding member 12 holds near the ends of the carbon fibers 11 .
- the holding member 12 includes a first member 13 having a plurality of grooves 13a for positioning the vicinity of the ends of the carbon fibers 11, and a second member for pressing and fixing the plurality of carbon fibers 11 in the plurality of grooves 13a. 14.
- the second member 14 is fixed to the first member 13 by, for example, screws or adhesive.
- FIG. 1 shows a pair of holding members 12 facing each other, and as shown in FIG. may
- the arrangement pitch of the plurality of grooves 13a (that is, the interval P between the lowest bottoms of adjacent grooves 13a) is a constant value.
- a constant value is determined according to the wavelength of the terahertz wave to be handled.
- the interval P is desirably 1/4 or less of the wavelength of the terahertz wave to be used.
- the plurality of carbon fibers 11 are arranged according to the intervals P of the plurality of grooves 13a.
- adjacent carbon fibers 11 are arranged at equal intervals. However, the intervals between adjacent carbon fibers 11 may be random.
- the wavelength of the polarized terahealth wave can be selected with high accuracy.
- the productivity of the polarizer can be improved.
- FIG. 1 shows a V-shaped groove as the groove 13a
- the shape of the groove 13a is not limited to the illustrated shape.
- FIG. 1 also shows a structure in which the carbon fibers 11 are sandwiched between the first member 13 and the second member 14 in order to fix the carbon fibers 11. is not limited to In FIG. 1, both ends of the carbon fibers 11 are fixed by the grooves 13a, but it is also possible to float in the air without fixing one end.
- the carbon fiber 11 is a member whose main component is carbon.
- An example of the carbon fibers 11 is PAN-based (polyacrylonitrile) carbon fibers, which are acrylic fibers.
- Another example of the carbon fibers 11 is pitch-based carbon fibers, which are fibers made by carbonizing pitch (a by-product of petroleum, coal, coal tar, etc.) as a raw material at a high temperature. If the carbon fibers are discontinuous chopped or milled fibers, it is difficult to align the plurality of carbon fibers 11 as shown in FIG. However, when the carbon fibers are continuous fibers, the plurality of carbon fibers 11 can be aligned and fixed by the holding member 12 .
- the carbon fiber 11 has a tensile strength of 3000 MPa to 7000 MPa, and the tensile strength of the carbon fiber 11 is higher than that of the metal material. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, even when the grating of the polarizer 1 is formed, the plurality of carbon fibers 11 are difficult to cut, so the productivity of the polarizer 1 is increased. better than if
- FIG. 3A to 3C are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing the polarizer 1.
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of a method for manufacturing the polarizer 1. As shown in FIG. Manufacturing of the polarizer 1 is automatically performed by a manufacturing apparatus, for example.
- a plurality of carbon fibers 11 are placed on two lower molds 101a and 101b (that is, the first member 13 in FIG. 1) arranged side by side. are spaced apart from each other (step S11).
- the plurality of carbon fibers 11 are wire-shaped, and arranged such that the plurality of carbon fibers 11 have portions extending in the same direction (the X direction in FIG. 3A). be done.
- the lower die 101a is provided with grooves 113a (ie, the grooves 13 in FIG. 1).
- the lower die 101b is provided with grooves 113b having the same pitch and the same shape as the grooves 113a (that is, the grooves 13 in FIG. 1).
- step S12 the upper dies 102a and 102b are placed over the lower dies 101a and 101b (step S12), and the lower dies 101a and 102a are fixed (step S13).
- Fixing can be done by a method such as screws or an adhesive, and the method does not matter.
- the lower mold 101b and the upper mold 102b are simultaneously moved in the extending direction of the carbon fibers 11 (minus X direction in FIG. 3) (step S14).
- the lower mold 101b and the upper mold 102b are fixed (step S15). Fixing can be done by a method such as screws or an adhesive, and the method does not matter.
- the polarizer 1 can be manufactured through the above steps.
- the polarizer 1 according to Embodiment 1 has a plurality of carbon fibers 11 held by the holding member 12, the strength can be increased and the polarizer 1 is hard to break. Therefore, the polarizer 1 can maintain stable polarization characteristics.
- Embodiment 2 In Embodiment 1, a structure in which a plurality of carbon fibers 11 are held by a holding member 12 has been described. In Embodiment 2, a structure in which a plurality of carbon fibers are embedded inside a plastic portion will be described. .
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of the polarizer 2 according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. A polarizer 2 polarizes the electromagnetic wave.
- the polarizer 2 has a structure particularly suitable for polarizing terahertz waves traveling in the Z direction.
- the polarizer 2 has a plurality of carbon fibers 21 and a plastic portion 22 that is a holding portion that holds the plurality of carbon fibers 21 while being spaced apart from each other. are doing.
- the multiple carbon fibers 21 are conductors having portions extending in the same direction (the X direction in FIG. 5).
- the plurality of carbon fibers 21 as conductors are covered with the plastic portion 22 as an insulator.
- FIG. 5 shows an example in which a plurality of carbon fibers 21 have portions extending in the same X direction.
- 20 carbon fibers are shown as the plurality of carbon fibers 21 in FIG. 5, the number of the plurality of carbon fibers may be any number.
- a plurality of carbon fibers 21 are embedded in the plastic portion 22 . That is, in Embodiment 2, the holding portion has the plastic portion 22 in which the plurality of carbon fibers 21 are embedded.
- the plastic part 22 contains, for example, a thermosetting epoxy resin.
- the carbon fiber 21 is PAN-based carbon fiber.
- Another example of carbon fiber 21 is pitch-based carbon fiber.
- the carbon fibers may be chopped fibers or milled fibers, but continuous fibers are more preferable because the orientation direction of the fibers can be easily controlled.
- the fiber length should be selected according to the wavelength of the terahertz wave. However, in order to support all frequencies of terahertz waves, it is desirable that the length of the carbon fiber is 10 times or more with respect to the diameter ⁇ of the carbon fiber in order to obtain good polarization characteristics.
- the plurality of carbon fibers 21 are embedded inside the plastic portion 22, and an object or person does not touch the carbon fibers 21. Therefore, the carbon fibers 21 cannot be cut. is less likely to occur, and misalignment between the carbon fibers 21 is less likely to occur.
- the diameter ⁇ of each of the plurality of carbon fibers 21 is preferably within the range of 5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m. With this diameter, the distance between the adjacent carbon fibers 21 in the polarizer 2 and the distance between the portions of the plastic portion 22 adjacent to each other across the carbon fibers are both 1/4 wavelength with respect to the wavelength of the terahertz wave. You can:
- the continuous PAN-based carbon fiber and the continuous pitch-based carbon fiber, which are put into practical use as structural carbon fibers have diameters within this range, and are therefore suitable for mass production.
- the volume content of the carbon fibers 21 with respect to the polarizer 2 is desirably within the range of 1% to 75%.
- the volume content rate is the ratio of the volume of the plurality of carbon fibers 21 to the total value of the volume of the plurality of carbon fibers 21 and the volume of the plastic portion 22 .
- This volume content may be set according to the wavelength of the terahertz wave. Since this volume content is in the range of 55% to 75% when the prepreg is molded by applying pressure, productivity can be improved by using the prepreg.
- the volume content of carbon fiber here refers to JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) K7075-1991 "Testing methods for carbon fiber content and void content of carbon fiber reinforced plastics". is the volume fraction Vf determined by the combustion method specified in .
- the plastic part 22 be made of a material with high insulating properties. If a conductive plastic or a plastic to which a conductive filler is added is used as the plastic portion 22, the polarizing characteristics are deteriorated. From the viewpoint of polarization characteristics, the plastic part 22 is desirably made of plastic having a low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss tangent.
- the plastic portion 22 may be made of either thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin. From the standpoint of moldability, it is more desirable that the plastic part 22 be made of a thermosetting epoxy resin that is easily prepregized, has excellent moldability in a semi-cured state, and has a low dielectric constant.
- the plastic part 22 contains an epoxy resin, the dielectric constant is 3.2 to 4.0, and the loss tangent tan ⁇ is 0.002 to 0.05. Since the tangent tan ⁇ is low, it is more desirable from the viewpoint of polarization characteristics.
- Materials of the plastic part 22 include epoxy resin, vinyl ester, unsaturated polyester, furan, polyurethane, polyimide, polyamide, polyether ether ketone, polyether sulfone, polypropylene, polyester, polycarbonate, acrylonitrile styrene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, It may also be a modified polyphenylene ether and gives good performance.
- the resin may be mixed with additives or fillers, which are materials that do not impair insulation, in order to obtain desired performance in terms of strength, rigidity, thermal conductivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion.
- additives or fillers which are materials that do not impair insulation, in order to obtain desired performance in terms of strength, rigidity, thermal conductivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion.
- the permittivity and dielectric loss tangent are dielectric characteristics for electromagnetic waves in the terahertz band. Since these dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent measuring devices are not in circulation, the cavity resonance described in JIS R1641 "Measurement method for dielectric of fine ceramic plates at microwave frequency" The dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent measured at 10 GHz or more according to the method may be used instead.
- the dielectric constant refers to the ratio to the vacuum dielectric constant.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the polarizer 2 of FIG. 5 taken along line VI-VI. That is, FIG. 6 shows a cross section parallel to the YZ plane.
- FIG. 6 shows a state in which a plurality of carbon fibers 21 are embedded in the plastic portion 22. As shown in FIG. The plurality of carbon fibers 21 are not aligned at regular intervals, and the intervals between adjacent carbon fibers 21 are not constant but random. Also, the plurality of carbon fibers 21 has a component extending in the X direction in FIG. That is, the orientation direction of the plurality of carbon fibers 21 has a component in the X direction.
- the allowable range of orientation that is, the allowable range of the extending direction of the carbon fibers 21 is within the range of -7° to +7°, where ⁇ 0° is the direction in which the polarization characteristics are the best. .
- the carbon fibers 21 are oriented within the range of -7° to +7°, good polarization characteristics can be obtained.
- the polarizer 2 can be manufactured by a molding method using prepreg, so that it is excellent in productivity.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the polarizer 2 of FIG. 5 taken along line VII-VII. That is, FIG. 7 shows a cross section parallel to the XZ plane.
- FIG. 6 shows a state in which a plurality of carbon fibers 21 are embedded in the plastic portion 22. As shown in FIG. The plurality of carbon fibers 21 are not aligned at regular intervals, and the intervals between adjacent carbon fibers 21 are not constant but random. Also, the plurality of carbon fibers 21 has a component extending in the X direction in FIG. That is, the light distribution directions of the plurality of carbon fibers have a component in the X direction. In FIG. 7, the orientation direction of the carbon fibers 21 is within the range of -7° to +7°.
- the cross section of the carbon fibers 21 may appear rectangular or elliptical.
- the carbon fibers 21 may be inclined with respect to the X direction or may be exposed on the surface. In other words, if the carbon fibers 21 are oriented within the range of -7° to +7°, good polarization characteristics can be obtained.
- FIG. 8(A) to (C) are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing the polarizer 2 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing an example of a method for manufacturing the polarizer 2. As shown in FIG. Manufacturing of the polarizer 2 is automatically performed by a manufacturing apparatus, for example.
- a plurality of carbon fibers 21 and a plastic raw material 22a are arranged on a mold 201 (step S21).
- the plurality of carbon fibers 21 are wire-shaped, and arranged so that the plurality of carbon fibers 21 have portions extending in the same direction (the X direction in FIG. 8A). be done.
- the molding die 201 is processed in advance so as to have a molding surface of a desired shape, so that the plastic raw material 22a can be molded into a desired shape.
- the placement of the plurality of carbon fibers 21 and the plastic raw material 22a on the mold 201 may be performed at the same time. There may be.
- the prepreg 23 in which the carbon fibers 21 are pre-impregnated with the plastic raw material 22a may be arranged at the same time.
- the use of prepreg is more desirable because the volume content of the carbon fibers 21 can be controlled.
- the carbon fibers 21 are covered with the plastic material 22a during manufacturing, the carbon fibers 21 are less likely to be cut during manufacturing, resulting in excellent productivity.
- the plurality of carbon fibers 21 and the plastic raw material 22a placed on the mold 201 are covered with a vacuum bag 202, and the internal pressure of the vacuum bag 202 is lowered by a vacuum pump. , apply pressure to the carbon fibers 21 and the plastic raw material 22a at atmospheric pressure. Further, the temperature and pressure of the air outside the vacuum bag 202 are increased to heat and pressurize it (step S22).
- This method is called the autoclave method. However, a press may be used to apply pressure.
- the plurality of carbon fibers 21 and the molded plastic raw material 22a are cured to form a molding including the plurality of carbon fibers 21 and the plastic portion 22.
- Methods of curing the plastic raw material (or prepreg) include a method of heating, a method of adding a catalyst to generate heat, and a method of adding an ultraviolet curable material and curing by irradiating ultraviolet rays.
- step S24 demolding is performed to remove the vacuum bag 202 and the mold 201 from the plurality of carbon fibers 21 and the plastic portion 22, which are molded products.
- the polarizer 2 can be manufactured by the above steps.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing that linearly polarized light is generated by the polarizer 2 according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. The omnidirectionally vibrating terahertz waves (that is, non-polarized waves) are separated by the polarizer 2, and only the longitudinally vibrating terahertz waves are transmitted to become linearly polarized waves. Most of the waves that do not pass through are reflected, and the rest are absorbed by the material and lost.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing experimental results and trends showing the relationship between the polarization characteristics of the polarizer 2 according to Embodiment 2 and the carbon fiber density.
- the density of the carbon fiber 21 of the polarizer 2 was changed, the polarizer 2 was irradiated with a 0.3 Hz terahertz wave, and the reflected wave was detected.
- the intensity of the terahertz wave on two orthogonal axes of the reflected wave is Ax and Ay, respectively, and the intensity difference (Ax-Ay), which is the difference between them, is plotted on the vertical axis in units of [dB]. , which is used as an index of the polarization characteristics of the polarizer 2 .
- the density of the carbon fibers 21 increases, the polarization characteristics improve.
- the upper limit of the density of the carbon fibers 21 is 2.26 g/cm 3 of ideal graphite. Although the lower limit is not particularly limited, one having a density of 1.76 g/cm 3 or more can be stably produced. Pitch-based carbon fibers with a density of 2.22 g/cm 3 or less can be stably produced. Applicants have found that the increase in polarizing properties with increasing carbon fiber density tends to become steeper at 2.10 g/cm 3 .
- the density of the carbon fiber be 1.76 g/cm 3 or more and 2.26 g/cm 3 or less. Moreover, it is more desirable that the density of the carbon fiber be in the range of 2.10 g/cm 3 to 2.22 g/cm 3 . Also, the most desirable carbon fiber density is 2.22 g/cm 3 .
- the density of carbon fiber referred to here is defined by JIS R7603: 1999 "Carbon fiber-Determination of density (Carbon fiber-Determination of density)" liquid displacement method, floating and sinking method, density gradient piping method, and pycnometer method. It is a density that can be measured by either method.
- the polarizer 2 according to Embodiment 2 has a plurality of carbon fibers 21 fixed by the plastic portion 22, so the strength can be increased and the polarizer 2 is hard to break. Therefore, the polarizer 2 can maintain stable polarization characteristics.
- the encoder 3 includes a polarizer 30 , a transmitter 31 for transmitting terahertz waves 34 that are electromagnetic waves, a receiver 32 that is a sensor that receives terahertz waves reflected by the polarizer 30 (or transmitted through the polarizer 30 ), and a calculator 33 .
- the arithmetic unit 33 is a circuit including an arithmetic circuit or an information processing processor. The functions of the calculation unit 33 may be implemented by a computer.
- the polarizer 30 has one or more of the polarizers 1 or 2 described in Embodiment 1 or 2, and here, the polarizer 2 described in Embodiment 2 (hereinafter also referred to as polarizer 2a or 2b). ) will be described.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the detailed structure of the polarizer 30.
- the polarizer 30 has a section (that is, the polarizer 2b portion) in which the carbon fiber direction extends parallel to the moving direction 35 and a section in which the carbon fiber direction extends in a direction 35a orthogonal to the moving direction 35.
- the existing sections that is, the polarizer 2a portion
- the existing sections have a structure in which they are alternately arranged in the moving direction 35 .
- the polarizer 30 has a structure that reflects the terahertz wave 34 of a specific phase according to the position in the moving direction 35 .
- the calculation unit 33 can output a signal that encodes the movement of the polarizer 30 based on the detection signal of the reception unit 32 .
- the receiving section 32 may be arranged at a position where the linearly polarized wave that has passed through the polarizer 30 is detected.
- polarizer-applied devices include position detection devices and shape measurement devices.
- a polarizer-applied device using the polarizer 1 or 2 can stably use polarized waves of terahertz waves. Further, in the polarizer-applied equipment using the polarizer 1 or 2, the productivity of the device can be improved.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1に係る偏光子1の要部の構造を概略的に示す斜視図である。図2は、偏光子1の全体を概略的に示す斜視図である。偏光子1は、電磁波を偏光する。偏光子1は、特に、Z方向に進むテラヘルツ波の偏光に適した構造を持つ。テラヘルツ波は、例えば、周波数が0.1THz~10THz(すなわち、波長が30μm~3000μm)の電磁波である。
実施の形態1では、複数本の炭素繊維11を保持部材12で保持した構造を説明したが、実施の形態2では、複数本の炭素繊維がプラスチック部の内部に埋没している構造を説明する。
Claims (15)
- 電磁波を偏光する偏光子であって、
複数本の炭素繊維と、
前記複数本の炭素繊維を互いに間隔を開けて配置された状態で保持する保持部と、
を有し、
前記複数本の炭素繊維が同一方向に延在する部分を有する
ことを特徴とする偏光子。 - 前記保持部は、前記複数本の炭素繊維の端部付近を保持する保持部材を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の偏光子。 - 前記保持部材は、
前記複数本の炭素繊維の端部付近をそれぞれ位置決めする複数の溝を有する第1の部材と、
前記複数本の炭素繊維を前記複数の溝内で固定する第2の部材と
を含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の偏光子。 - 前記保持部は、前記複数本の炭素繊維を埋没させるプラスチック部を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の偏光子。 - 前記プラスチック部は、熱硬化性エポキシ樹脂を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の偏光子。 - 前記複数本の炭素繊維の前記偏光子に対する体積含有率は、1%から75%の範囲内である
ことを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の偏光子。 - 前記複数本の炭素繊維の各々の直径は、5μmから15μmの範囲内である
ことを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の偏光子。 - 前記複数本の炭素繊維の各々の密度は、1.76g/cm3以上、2.26g/cm3以下の範囲内である
ことを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の偏光子。 - 前記複数本の炭素繊維は、ピッチ系炭素繊維である
ことを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の偏光子。 - 前記複数本の炭素繊維は、偏光軸に平行な方向に延在している
ことを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の偏光子。 - 前記電磁波は、テラヘルツ波である
ことを特徴とする請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の偏光子。 - 電磁波を偏光する偏光子を製造する方法であって、
複数本の炭素繊維を互いに間隔を開けて、同一方向に延在する部分を有するように配置する工程と、
前記複数の炭素繊維を固定する工程と、
を有することを特徴とする偏光子の製造方法。 - 電磁波を偏光する偏光子を製造する方法であって、
成形型上に、同一方向に延在する部分を有するように並ぶ複数本の炭素繊維とプラスチック原料とを配置する工程と、
前記成形型上に配置された前記複数本の炭素繊維と前記プラスチック原料とに圧力を付与して、前記プラスチック原料を成形する工程と、
成形された前記プラスチック原料を硬化させて、前記複数本の炭素繊維と前記複数本の炭素繊維の周囲を埋めるプラスチック部とを含む成形物を形成する工程と、
前記成形物を前記成形型から脱型する工程と、
を有することを特徴とする偏光子の製造方法。 - 前記複数本の炭素繊維と前記プラスチック原料とを配置する前記工程は、前記成形型上に前記複数本の炭素繊維に前記プラスチック原料を含侵させたプリプレグを配置する工程である
ことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の偏光子の製造方法。 - 請求項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の偏光子と、
前記偏光子に電磁波を照射する発信部と、
前記偏光子を透過又は前記偏光子で反射した電磁波を受信する受信部と、
を有することを特徴とする偏光子適用機器。
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