WO2023010887A1 - 利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统与方法 - Google Patents

利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统与方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023010887A1
WO2023010887A1 PCT/CN2022/087289 CN2022087289W WO2023010887A1 WO 2023010887 A1 WO2023010887 A1 WO 2023010887A1 CN 2022087289 W CN2022087289 W CN 2022087289W WO 2023010887 A1 WO2023010887 A1 WO 2023010887A1
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Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
valve
test chamber
rewarming
refrigerant
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PCT/CN2022/087289
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘金平
郑晓腾
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华南理工大学
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Publication of WO2023010887A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023010887A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of high and low temperature test chamber equipment, in particular to a high and low temperature environmental test chamber refrigeration system and method for rewarming by using ambient heat.
  • the current high and low temperature test chamber adopts the cascade vapor compression refrigeration method, which is composed of a high-temperature refrigeration system and a low-temperature refrigeration system.
  • the refrigeration system is composed of compressors, condensers, evaporators, throttling devices and other main components. .
  • the evaporator of the high-temperature refrigeration system provides cooling capacity for the condenser of the low-temperature refrigeration system, so that the temperature in the test chamber meets the requirements of -65°C and -70°C.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a high and low temperature environmental test chamber refrigeration system and method for rewarming by using ambient heat.
  • the invention uses a refrigerant pump to drive the refrigerant cycle, and utilizes ambient heat for rewarming.
  • the invention uses a refrigerant pump to drive the refrigerant, overcomes the resistance flow, makes full use of the temperature difference between the test chamber and the environment, and uses the heat of the environment to heat up the test chamber, effectively reducing the operating energy consumption and cost of the high and low temperature test chamber;
  • the environment is cooled by using the cold energy in the test box after cooling, especially in summer, which can significantly reduce the energy consumption and cost of environment cooling, and the energy saving effect is remarkable.
  • the present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
  • Refrigeration system for high and low temperature environmental test chambers using ambient heat rewarming including:
  • Refrigerant pump 201 Refrigerant pump 201
  • a throttle valve 103 On the pipeline between the outlet of the external heat exchanger 102 and the inlet of the internal heat exchanger 104, a throttle valve 103 is connected in series, and a first cut-off valve 203 is connected in parallel at the two ports of the throttle valve 103;
  • the outlet of the heat exchanger 104 inside the box is connected with the inlet pipeline of the heat exchanger 102 outside the box in sequence: the fourth shut-off valve 206, the refrigeration compressor 101 and the fifth shut-off valve 207;
  • the outlet of the heat exchanger 104 in the tank is connected to the second cut-off valve 204, the liquid storage tank 202 and the refrigerant pump 201 through pipelines; the outlet pipeline of the refrigerant pump 201 is connected to the outside of the tank through the third cut-off valve 205. Inlet of heat exchanger 102 .
  • Both the refrigerant pump 201 and the fan of the heat exchanger 102 outside the box are provided with speed regulators.
  • the first stop valve 203 , the second stop valve 204 , the third stop valve 205 , the fourth stop valve 206 and the fifth stop valve 207 can be electromagnetic or manual stop valves.
  • the throttle valve 103 is an electronic expansion valve or a manual throttle valve or a thermal expansion valve or a capillary tube.
  • a temperature sensor is provided in the test chamber of the refrigeration system of the high and low temperature environmental test chamber.
  • the wall surface of the test box is provided with an insulating layer.
  • the refrigerant stored in the liquid storage tank 202 is R404A refrigerant or other suitable refrigerants.
  • a method for rewarming a test chamber driven by a refrigerant pump using ambient heat comprising the following steps:
  • the pressure of the refrigeration system is balanced, and the refrigerant is condensed into a liquid refrigerant in the heat exchanger 104 in the tank, and enters the liquid storage tank 202 through the second shut-off valve 204;
  • the refrigerant pump 201 starts the refrigerant pump 201, and the liquid refrigerant, driven by the refrigerant pump 201, flows to the external heat exchanger 102 through the third shut-off valve 205. Since the ambient temperature outside the test chamber is higher than the saturation temperature of the refrigerant, the refrigerant After absorbing heat from the environment outside the box and partially vaporizing it into a gaseous refrigerant, under the action of the pressure difference generated by the refrigerant pump 201, it flows back to the heat exchanger 104 inside the box through the first stop valve 203 to be condensed to release heat. Heating in the test chamber to rewarm it, and finally enter the liquid storage tank 202 through the second shut-off valve 204 to complete a cycle;
  • the reheating rate in the test chamber can be adjusted, thereby meeting the requirements for rewarming speed during the experiment;
  • the fan speed of the heat exchanger 102 outside the chamber and the speed of the refrigerant pump 201 to adjust the temperature in the test chamber.
  • the rewarming rate can meet the requirements of the rewarming rate during the experiment
  • first stop the refrigeration compressor then open the first shut-off valve, the second shut-off valve and the third shut-off valve; and close the fourth shut-off valve and the fifth shut-off valve;
  • the fan, and the fan of the heat exchanger in the box at this time, the pressure of the refrigeration system is balanced, and the refrigerant condenses into a liquid refrigerant in the heat exchanger in the box, and enters the liquid storage tank through the second stop valve; start the refrigerant pump, and the liquid refrigeration Driven by the refrigerant pump, the refrigerant flows through the third cut-off valve to the heat exchanger outside the chamber.
  • the refrigerant absorbs heat from the environment outside the chamber and partially vaporizes. After it is a gaseous refrigerant, under the action of the pressure difference generated by the refrigerant pump, it flows back to the heat exchanger in the box through the first stop valve to be condensed to release heat, heat the inside of the test box to rewarm it, and finally pass through the second
  • the shut-off valve enters the liquid storage tank to complete a cycle; in the above-mentioned reheating process, on the basis of meeting the operating requirements of the high and low temperature test chamber, the cooling capacity in the chamber after cooling and the temperature difference between the environment and the chamber are fully utilized to utilize the heat of the environment To heat up the temperature inside the chamber and reduce the operating energy consumption and cost of the high and low temperature test chamber. At the same time, it also plays a role in cooling the environment, especially in summer, it can significantly reduce the energy consumption and cost of cooling the environment, and has a significant energy
  • the present invention can adjust the rewarming rate by adjusting the speed of the heat exchanger fan and the refrigerant pump outside the chamber. To meet the experimental needs under various working conditions.
  • the present invention only needs to close the first shut-off valve, the second shut-off valve and the third shut-off valve, and open the fourth shut-off valve and the fifth shut-off valve when the test chamber is used for cooling;
  • the refrigeration system can be operated as before Mode of operation: the refrigerant is compressed and boosted by the refrigeration compressor, the heat exchanger outside the box releases heat and condenses, the throttle valve throttles the pressure and lowers the temperature, and the heat exchanger inside the box absorbs heat, refrigerates, and vaporizes to complete the refrigeration cycle. After the temperature in the test chamber reaches the required low temperature requirement, the experiment is completed.
  • the present invention is ingeniously conceived and organically combined with the original system, the technical means are simple and easy to implement, the cost is low, and it has the value of active popularization and application.
  • Fig. 1 is a principle diagram of the refrigeration system of the high and low temperature environmental test chamber using ambient heat rewarming according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system of the original high and low temperature environmental test chamber.
  • FIG. 1 shows the principle of the refrigeration system of the high and low temperature environmental test chamber, and the process is as follows:
  • Refrigeration compressor 101 compression boost
  • ⁇ heat exchanger (condenser) 102 outside the box exothermic condensation
  • ⁇ throttling valve 103 throttling pressure reduction and cooling
  • Fig. 1 is disclosed by the present invention: the refrigeration system of the high and low temperature environmental test chamber utilizing ambient heat rewarming, which includes:
  • Refrigerant pump 201 Refrigerant pump 201
  • a throttle valve 103 On the pipeline between the outlet of the external heat exchanger 102 and the inlet of the internal heat exchanger 104, a throttle valve 103 is connected in series, and a first cut-off valve 203 is connected in parallel at the two ports of the throttle valve 103;
  • the outlet of the heat exchanger 104 inside the box is connected with the inlet pipeline of the heat exchanger 102 outside the box in sequence: the fourth shut-off valve 206, the refrigeration compressor 101 and the fifth shut-off valve 207;
  • the outlet of the heat exchanger 104 in the tank is connected to the second cut-off valve 204, the liquid storage tank 202 and the refrigerant pump 201 through pipelines; the outlet pipeline of the refrigerant pump 201 is connected to the outside of the tank through the third cut-off valve 205. Inlet of heat exchanger 102 .
  • Both the refrigerant pump 201 and the fan of the heat exchanger 102 outside the box are provided with speed regulators.
  • the first stop valve 203 , the second stop valve 204 , the third stop valve 205 , the fourth stop valve 206 and the fifth stop valve 207 can be electromagnetic or manual stop valves.
  • the throttle valve 103 is an electronic expansion valve or a manual throttle valve or a thermal expansion valve or a capillary tube.
  • a temperature sensor is provided in the test chamber of the refrigeration system of the high and low temperature environmental test chamber.
  • the wall surface of the test box is provided with an insulating layer.
  • the refrigerant stored in the liquid storage tank 202 is R404A refrigerant or other suitable refrigerants.
  • the present invention is driven by a refrigerant pump to utilize ambient heat, and the process of rewarming the test chamber is as follows:
  • the first shut-off valve 203, the second shut-off valve 204 and the third shut-off valve 205 are closed, the fourth shut-off valve 206 and the fifth shut-off valve 207 are opened; )
  • the refrigerant is compressed and boosted by the refrigeration compressor 101 ⁇ the external heat exchanger (condenser) 102 releases heat and condenses ⁇ the throttling valve 103 throttles down the pressure and lowers the temperature ⁇ the internal heat exchanger (evaporator) 104 absorbs heat, Refrigeration and gasification complete the refrigeration cycle.
  • the temperature in the test chamber reaches the required low temperature, the experiment is completed.
  • the pressure of the refrigeration system is balanced, and the refrigerant is condensed into a liquid refrigerant in the heat exchanger 104 in the tank, and enters the liquid storage tank 202 through the second shut-off valve 204;
  • the refrigerant pump 201 starts the refrigerant pump 201, and the liquid refrigerant, driven by the refrigerant pump 201, flows to the external heat exchanger 102 through the third shut-off valve 205. Since the ambient temperature outside the test chamber is higher than the saturation temperature of the refrigerant, the refrigerant After absorbing heat from the environment outside the box and partially vaporizing it into a gaseous refrigerant, under the action of the pressure difference generated by the refrigerant pump 201, it flows back to the heat exchanger 104 inside the box through the first stop valve 203 to be condensed to release heat. Heating in the test chamber to rewarm it, and finally enter the liquid storage tank 202 through the second shut-off valve 204 to complete a cycle;
  • the reheating rate in the test chamber can be adjusted, thereby meeting the requirements for rewarming speed during the experiment;
  • the fan speed of the heat exchanger 102 outside the chamber and the speed of the refrigerant pump 201 to adjust the temperature in the test chamber.
  • the rewarming rate can meet the requirements of the rewarming rate during the experiment.
  • the present invention does not need to use electric heating to rewarm to 5°C. Compared with rewarming by electric heating, the present invention can save energy by 80%, and reduce the running energy consumption and cost of the high and low temperature test chamber. Moreover, the ambient temperature can be reduced, and the energy consumption and cost of ambient cooling can be reduced in summer, which has a remarkable energy-saving effect.
  • the high and low temperature refers to: high temperature 130 to 150°C, low temperature -60°C to -70°C.
  • the present invention can be preferably carried out.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统与方法；系统包括置于箱外换热器，箱内换热器，制冷剂泵；箱外换热器的出口与箱内换热器的进口之间串联有节流阀，在节流阀的两端口并联有第一截止阀；箱内换热器的出口与箱外换热器的进口管路上依次连接有第四截止阀、制冷压缩机和第五截止阀；箱内换热器的出口通过管路依次连接第二截止阀、储液罐和制冷剂泵；制冷剂泵的出口管路，通过第三截止阀连接箱外换热器的进口。本系统使用制冷剂泵驱动制冷剂克服阻力流动，充分利用环境与箱内的温差及环境热量为箱内升温，有效减少了试验箱的运行能耗和费用；同时又利用降温后箱体内的冷量对环境进行降温，节能效果显著。

Description

利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统与方法 技术领域
本发明涉及高低温试验箱设备领域，尤其涉及利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统与方法。
 背景技术
目前的高低温试验箱，采用复叠式蒸汽压缩制冷方式，由高温级制冷系统和低温级制冷系统复叠而成，制冷系统由压缩机、冷凝器、蒸发器、节流装置等主要部件组成。高温级制冷系统的蒸发器为低温级制冷系统的冷凝器提供冷量，使得试验箱内温度满足-65℃、以及-70℃的要求。
 技术问题
目前的高低温试验箱，使用过程中，当箱内温度达到低温温度，完成实验需复温时，通常采用电加热方式。既消耗了电能，又浪费了已存在的冷量，使得再次降温制冷时会又对环境排放热量，造成了能源浪费。同时也增加了环境降温的能耗和费用。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点和不足，提供一种利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统与方法。本发明通过制冷剂泵驱动制冷剂循环，利用环境热量进行复温。
本发明使用制冷剂泵驱动制冷剂，克服阻力流动，充分利用试验箱内与环境的温差，利用环境的热量为试验箱内升温，有效减少了高低温试验箱的运行能耗和费用；同时又利用降温后试验箱体内的冷量对环境进行降温，尤其是在夏季，可显著减少环境降温的能耗和费用，节能效果显著。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：
利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统，包括：
置于箱体外部的箱外换热器102；
置于箱体内部的箱内换热器104；
制冷剂泵201；
所述箱外换热器102的出口，与箱内换热器104的进口之间的管路上，串联有节流阀103，在节流阀103的两端口并联有第一截止阀203；
所述箱内换热器104的出口，与箱外换热器102的进口管路上，依次连接有：第四截止阀206、制冷压缩机101和第五截止阀207；
所述箱内换热器104的出口，通过管路依次连接第二截止阀204、储液罐202和制冷剂泵201；制冷剂泵201的出口管路，通过第三截止阀205连接箱外换热器102的进口。
所述制冷剂泵201以及箱外换热器102的风机，均设有转速调节器。
所述第一截止阀203、第二截止阀204、第三截止阀205、第四截止阀206和第五截止阀207，可采用电磁或者手动截止阀。
所述节流阀103，为电子膨胀阀或者手动节流阀或热力膨胀阀或毛细管。
所述高低温环境试验箱制冷系统的试验箱内，设有温度传感器。
所述试验箱的箱体壁面设有保温层。
所述储液罐202内储存的制冷剂为R404A制冷剂或其它相适用的制冷剂。
一种由制冷剂泵驱动利用环境热量对试验箱复温的方法，包括如下步骤：
当试验箱箱内温度达到所需的低温温度后，完成实验；
需复温时，停止制冷压缩机101；
开启第一截止阀203、第二截止阀204和第三截止阀205；
关闭第四截止阀206和第五截止阀207；
开启箱外换热器102的风机，和箱内换热器104的风机；
此时制冷系统压力平衡，制冷剂在箱内换热器104内冷凝为液态制冷剂，经过第二截止阀204进入储液罐202；
启动制冷剂泵201，液态制冷剂在制冷剂泵201驱动下，经第三截止阀205流至箱外换热器102，由于试验箱的箱外环境温度高于制冷剂的饱和温度，制冷剂从箱外环境吸收热量，并部分气化为气态制冷剂后，在制冷剂泵201产生的压力差作用下，经第一截止阀203流回至箱内换热器104被冷凝放出热量，对试验箱内加热使其复温，最后再经过第二截止阀204进入储液罐202，完成一个循环；
在对试验箱内加热使其复温的过程中，通过控制制冷剂泵201的转速，即可调节试验箱内的复温速率，进而满足实验过程中，对复温速度的要求；
或者，根据环境温度与试验箱内温度之差，以及试验箱内实际温度与设定温度之差，调节箱外换热器102风机转速和制冷剂泵201的转速，即可调节试验箱内的复温速率，进而满足实验过程中，对复温速率的要求
 有益效果
本发明复温过程中，首先停止制冷压缩机，接着开启第一截止阀、第二截止阀和第三截止阀；并关闭第四截止阀和第五截止阀；在开启箱外换热器的风机，和箱内换热器的风机；此时制冷系统压力平衡，制冷剂在箱内换热器内冷凝为液态制冷剂，经过第二截止阀进入储液罐；启动制冷剂泵，液态制冷剂在制冷剂泵驱动下，经第三截止阀流至箱外换热器，由于试验箱的箱外环境温度高于制冷剂的饱和温度，制冷剂从箱外环境吸收热量，并部分气化为气态制冷剂后，在制冷剂泵产生的压力差作用下，经第一截止阀流回至箱内换热器被冷凝放出热量，对试验箱内加热使其复温，最后再经过第二截止阀进入储液罐，完成一个循环；上述复温过程中，在满足高低温试验箱操作要求的基础上，充分利用降温后箱体内的冷量和环境与箱内的温差，利用环境的热量为箱内升温，减少高低温试验箱的运行能耗和费用。与此同时，还起到了对环境的降温，尤其是在夏季可显著减少环境降温的能耗和费用，具有显著的节能效果。
在复温过程中，由于环境与箱内的温差逐渐减小，试验箱内复温速率会降低，因此本发明通过调节箱外换热器风机和制冷剂泵的转速，可调节复温速率，以满足各种工况下实验需求。
然而，本发明在试验箱进行降温使用时，仅需要关闭第一截止阀、第二截止阀和第三截止阀，开启第四截止阀和第五截止阀；制冷系统，即可按原有运行方式运行：制冷剂经制冷压缩机压缩升压，箱外换热器放热冷凝，节流阀节流降压、降温，箱内换热器吸收热量、制冷、气化，完成制冷循环，当试验箱箱内温度达到所需的低温要求后，完成实验。
本发明构思巧妙的与原系统有机结合，技术手段简便易行，造价低廉，具有积极地推广应用价值。
 附图说明
图1为本发明利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统原理图。
图2为原有高低温环境试验箱制冷系统原理图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步具体详细描述。
图2所示高低温环境试验箱制冷系统原理，流程为：
制冷压缩机101（压缩升压）→箱外换热器（冷凝器）102放热冷凝→节流阀103节流降压和降温→箱内换热器（蒸发器）104完成吸收热量、制冷、气化。
图1为本发明所公开的：利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统，其包括：
置于箱体外部的箱外换热器102；
置于箱体内部的箱内换热器104；
制冷剂泵201；
所述箱外换热器102的出口，与箱内换热器104的进口之间的管路上，串联有节流阀103，在节流阀103的两端口并联有第一截止阀203；
所述箱内换热器104的出口，与箱外换热器102的进口管路上，依次连接有：第四截止阀206、制冷压缩机101和第五截止阀207；
所述箱内换热器104的出口，通过管路依次连接第二截止阀204、储液罐202和制冷剂泵201；制冷剂泵201的出口管路，通过第三截止阀205连接箱外换热器102的进口。
所述制冷剂泵201以及箱外换热器102的风机，均设有转速调节器。
所述第一截止阀203、第二截止阀204、第三截止阀205、第四截止阀206和第五截止阀207，可采用电磁或者手动截止阀。
所述节流阀103，为电子膨胀阀或者手动节流阀或热力膨胀阀或毛细管。
所述高低温环境试验箱制冷系统的试验箱内，设有温度传感器。
所述试验箱的箱体壁面设有保温层。
所述储液罐202内储存的制冷剂为R404A制冷剂或其它适用的制冷剂。
本发明由制冷剂泵驱动利用环境热量，对试验箱复温的过程如下：
当（高低温）试验箱进行降温使用时：
第一截止阀203、第二截止阀204和第三截止阀205关闭，第四截止阀206和第五截止阀207开启；制冷系统按原运行方式（图2所示）运行，（高温级循环）制冷剂经制冷压缩机101压缩升压→箱外换热器（冷凝器）102放热冷凝→节流阀103节流降压、降温→箱内换热器（蒸发器）104吸收热量、制冷、气化，完成制冷循环，当试验箱箱内温度达到所需的低温温度后，完成实验。
当（高低温）试验箱需要复温时：
停止制冷压缩机101；
开启第一截止阀203、第二截止阀204和第三截止阀205；
关闭第四截止阀206和第五截止阀207；
开启箱外换热器102的风机，和箱内换热器104的风机；
此时制冷系统压力平衡，制冷剂在箱内换热器104内冷凝为液态制冷剂，经过第二截止阀204进入储液罐202；
启动制冷剂泵201，液态制冷剂在制冷剂泵201驱动下，经第三截止阀205流至箱外换热器102，由于试验箱的箱外环境温度高于制冷剂的饱和温度，制冷剂从箱外环境吸收热量，并部分气化为气态制冷剂后，在制冷剂泵201产生的压力差作用下，经第一截止阀203流回至箱内换热器104被冷凝放出热量，对试验箱内加热使其复温，最后再经过第二截止阀204进入储液罐202，完成一个循环；
在对试验箱内加热使其复温的过程中，通过控制制冷剂泵201的转速，即可调节试验箱内的复温速率，进而满足实验过程中，对复温速度的要求；
或者，根据环境温度与试验箱内温度之差，以及试验箱内实际温度与设定温度之差，调节箱外换热器102风机转速和制冷剂泵201的转速，即可调节试验箱内的复温速率，进而满足实验过程中，对复温速率的要求。
假设，当环境温度为25℃时，本发明则无需采用电加热复温至5℃。本发明与采用电加热复温相比，节能80%，减少高低温试验箱的运行能耗和费用。且可减低环境温度，在夏季可减少环境降温的能耗和费用，具有显著的节能效果。
本发明高低温环境试验箱，其中，高低温是指：高温130至150℃，低温-60℃至-70℃。
如上所述，便可较好地实现本发明。
本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统，其特征在于，
    包括：
    置于箱体外部的箱外换热器（102）；
    置于箱体内部的箱内换热器（104）；
    制冷剂泵（201）；
    所述箱外换热器（102）的出口，与箱内换热器（104）的进口之间的管路上，串联有节流阀（103），在节流阀（103）的两端口并联有第一截止阀（203）；
    所述箱内换热器（104）的出口，与箱外换热器（102）的进口管路上，依次连接有：第四截止阀（206）、制冷压缩机（101）和第五截止阀（207）；
    所述箱内换热器（104）的出口，通过管路依次连接第二截止阀（204）、储液罐（202）和制冷剂泵（201）；制冷剂泵（201）的出口管路，通过第三截止阀（205）连接箱外换热器（102）的进口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统，其特征在于：所述制冷剂泵（201）设有转速调节器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统，其特征在于：所述箱外换热器（102）的风机，设有转速调节器。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统，其特征在于：所述第一截止阀（203）、第二截止阀（204）、第三截止阀（205）、第四截止阀（206）和第五截止阀（207），为电磁或者手动截止阀。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统，其特征在于：所述节流阀（103），为电子膨胀阀、手动节流阀、热力膨胀阀或者毛细管。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统，其特征在于：所述高低温环境试验箱制冷系统的试验箱内，设有温度传感器。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统，其特征在于：所述试验箱的箱体壁面设有保温层；所述储液罐（202）内储存的制冷剂为R404A制冷剂。
  8. 一种由制冷剂泵驱动利用环境热量对试验箱复温的方法，其特征在于，采用权利要求1-3中任一项所述利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统实现，包括如下步骤：
    当试验箱箱内温度达到所需的低温温度后，完成实验；
    需复温时，停止制冷压缩机（101）；
    开启第一截止阀（203）、第二截止阀（204）和第三截止阀（205）；
    关闭第四截止阀（206）和第五截止阀（207）；
    开启箱外换热器（102）的风机，和箱内换热器（104）的风机；
    此时制冷系统压力平衡，制冷剂在箱内换热器（104）内冷凝为液态制冷剂，经过第二截止阀（204）进入储液罐（202）；
    启动制冷剂泵（201），液态制冷剂在制冷剂泵（201）驱动下，经第三截止阀（205）流至箱外换热器（102），由于试验箱的箱外环境温度高于制冷剂的饱和温度，制冷剂从箱外环境吸收热量，并部分气化为气态制冷剂后，在制冷剂泵（201）产生的压力差作用下，经第一截止阀（203）流回至箱内换热器（104）被冷凝放出热量，对试验箱内加热使其复温，最后再经过第二截止阀（204）进入储液罐（202），完成一个循环。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述由制冷剂泵驱动利用环境热量对试验箱复温的方法，其特征在于，当试验箱箱内温度达到所需的低温温度后，完成实验，是指，当试验箱进行降温使用时：
    第一截止阀（203）、第二截止阀（204）和第三截止阀（205）关闭；
    第四截止阀（206）和第五截止阀（207）开启；
    制冷系统运行方式为：制冷剂经制冷压缩机（101）压缩升压；箱外换热器（102）放热冷凝；节流阀（103）节流降压、降温；箱内换热器（104）吸收热量、制冷、气化，完成制冷循环，当试验箱箱内温度达到所需的低温温度后，完成实验。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述由制冷剂泵驱动利用环境热量对试验箱复温的方法，其特征在于，在对试验箱内加热使其复温的过程中，通过控制制冷剂泵（201）的转速，即可调节试验箱内的复温速率，进而满足实验过程中，对复温速率的要求；
    或者，根据环境温度与试验箱内温度之差，以及试验箱内实际温度与设定温度之差，调节箱外换热器（102）风机转速和制冷剂泵（201）的转速，即可调节试验箱内的复温速率，进而满足实验过程中，对复温速率的要求。
PCT/CN2022/087289 2021-08-05 2022-04-18 利用环境热量复温的高低温环境试验箱制冷系统与方法 WO2023010887A1 (zh)

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