WO2023010804A1 - 一种水样特性的检测方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种水样特性的检测方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023010804A1
WO2023010804A1 PCT/CN2022/070085 CN2022070085W WO2023010804A1 WO 2023010804 A1 WO2023010804 A1 WO 2023010804A1 CN 2022070085 W CN2022070085 W CN 2022070085W WO 2023010804 A1 WO2023010804 A1 WO 2023010804A1
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water sample
electrical signal
detected
quality index
water
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PCT/CN2022/070085
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吕苏
董红晨
陈如
晏博
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佛山市云米电器科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023010804A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023010804A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of water sample detection, in particular to a method and device for detecting characteristics of water samples.
  • the detection methods of water quality mainly include titration method, spectroscopic analysis method, etc. These methods often require professional personnel to collect water samples, and then carry out water sample detection in a specific environment, not only need to prepare chemical titrants , but also requires continuous maintenance of equipment. Therefore, these detection methods are complicated to operate, poor in convenience, high in learning and maintenance costs, and difficult to popularize in the production and life of users.
  • the present invention provides a detection method and device for water sample characteristics, which can simplify the process of water sample detection steps, effectively reduce water sample detection cost and maintenance cost, thereby effectively avoiding the limitations of traditional detection methods in the application process, and improving
  • the convenience and testing efficiency of the water sample testing process is conducive to the rapid popularization and application in production and life.
  • the first aspect of the present invention discloses a method for detecting characteristics of water samples, the method comprising:
  • the pretreatment operation is used to change the content ratio of the associated ions affecting the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected;
  • the second electrical signal being used to characterize the conductivity of the water sample to be detected after the pretreatment operation
  • the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected is determined.
  • the pretreatment of the water sample to be detected includes:
  • the water sample to be detected is mixed with the water sample reaction material, and the water sample reaction material is used to release or absorb or neutralize or precipitate the associated ions in the water sample to be detected that affect the target water quality index ;
  • the water sample to be detected is mixed with the water sample reaction material, including:
  • the type of the matched water sample reaction material and the predicted consumption of the water sample reaction material According to the first electrical signal and the type of associated ions in the water sample to be detected that affect the target water quality index, determine the type of the matched water sample reaction material and the predicted consumption of the water sample reaction material;
  • the water sample reaction material is mixed with the water sample to be tested.
  • the method before performing the pretreatment operation on the water sample to be detected, the method further includes:
  • the deionization Ion operation is used to actively release associated ions that affect the target water quality index.
  • the determining the second electrical signal of the water sample to be detected includes:
  • the electrical signal of the water sample to be tested is measured every preset time interval, and the electrical signal measured at the current moment and the electrical signal measured at the previous moment of the current moment are respectively determined as the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal.
  • the change trend of the electrical signal of the water sample to be detected determines the change trend of the electrical signal of the water sample to be detected.
  • the change trend is a decreasing trend, the smaller of the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is determined as the second electrical signal; when it is determined that the changing trend is an increasing trend, the The larger of the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is determined as the second electrical signal.
  • the method further includes:
  • the water sample perturbation operation is used to improve the mixing reaction efficiency of the water sample to be detected and the water sample reaction material.
  • determining the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected include:
  • the method further includes:
  • the water sample to be detected is determined after the first The first temperature value when the electrical signal is used and the second temperature value when the second electrical signal is determined, the first temperature value and the second temperature value are used to correct the first electrical signal and the the second electrical signal;
  • the determining the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal includes:
  • the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected is determined according to the first correction electric signal and the second correction electric signal.
  • the determining the output result of the preset mathematical model includes:
  • the conductance compensation coefficient is determined, and the output result of the preset mathematical model is determined according to the conductance compensation coefficient.
  • the method further includes:
  • the target data set is preprocessed to obtain a preset mathematical model for the target water quality index
  • the target data set is preprocessed to obtain a preset mathematical model for the target water quality index, including:
  • the target data set is input into the neural network to obtain the pre-detection result for the target water quality index
  • the joint loss is backpropagated, and a preset neural network model for the target water quality index is obtained through iterative training with a preset cycle length.
  • the second aspect of the present invention discloses a detection device for water sample characteristics, said device comprising:
  • the first determining module is used to determine the first electrical signal of the water sample to be detected, and the first electrical signal is used to characterize the conductivity of the water sample to be detected;
  • the first pretreatment module is used to perform a pretreatment operation on the water sample to be detected, and the pretreatment operation is used to change the content ratio of the associated ions affecting the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected;
  • a second determining module configured to determine a second electrical signal of the water sample to be detected, the second electrical signal being used to characterize the conductivity of the water sample to be detected after the pretreatment operation;
  • a third determination module configured to determine the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal.
  • the first preprocessing module is specifically used for:
  • the water sample to be detected is mixed with the water sample reaction material, and the water sample reaction material is used to release or absorb or neutralize or precipitate the associated ions in the water sample to be detected that affect the target water quality index ;
  • the first preprocessing module includes:
  • the first determination sub-module is used to determine the type of the matching water sample reaction material and the Predicted consumption of water sample reaction materials;
  • the first processing submodule is used to mix the water sample reaction material with the water sample to be detected according to a preset mixing mode.
  • the second determination module includes:
  • the monitoring sub-module is used to measure the electrical signal of the water sample to be tested every preset time interval, and determine the electrical signal measured at the current moment and the electrical signal measured at the previous moment at the current moment as the first a temporary electrical signal and a second temporary electrical signal;
  • a judging submodule configured to judge whether the variation between the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is greater than a preset threshold
  • the second determining submodule is used to determine the to-be-detected when the judging submodule judges that the variation between the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is less than or equal to the preset threshold
  • the change trend of the electrical signal of the water sample when it is determined that the change trend is a decreasing trend, the smaller of the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is determined as the second electrical signal; When it is determined that the change trend is an increasing trend, the larger of the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is determined as the second electrical signal.
  • the device further includes:
  • a disturbance module configured to perform a water sample disturbance operation when the second determination module judges that the variation between the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is greater than the preset threshold, and trigger
  • the second determination module determines the operation of the second electrical signal of the water sample to be detected, and the water sample perturbation operation is used to improve the mixing reaction efficiency of the water sample to be detected and the water sample reaction material.
  • the third determination module is specifically configured to:
  • the device further includes:
  • a temperature determination module configured to determine a first temperature value of the water sample to be detected when the first electrical signal is determined and a second temperature value when the second electrical signal is determined, the first temperature value and the second temperature value are used to correct the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, and then trigger the third determining module to execute the method according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal Signal, the operation of determining the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected;
  • the third determination module is specifically used for:
  • the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected is determined according to the first correction electric signal and the second correction electric signal.
  • the specific manner for the third determination module to determine the output result of the preset mathematical model is:
  • the conductance compensation coefficient is determined, and the conductance compensation coefficient is determined according to the conductance compensation coefficient.
  • the device further includes:
  • the second preprocessing module is used to preprocess the target data set to obtain a preset mathematical model for the target water quality index, so as to trigger the first determination module to perform the operation of determining the first electrical signal of the water sample to be detected ;
  • the second preprocessing module includes:
  • the second processing submodule is used to fit the target data set to obtain a preset linear model or a preset nonlinear model for the target water quality index; or,
  • It is used to input the target data set into the neural network to obtain the pre-detection result for the target water quality index; it is also used to calculate the difference between the pre-detection result and the predetermined detection result for the target water quality index Joint loss; it is also used to backpropagate the joint loss, and obtain a preset neural network model for the target water quality index through iterative training with a preset cycle length.
  • the device further includes:
  • the first judging module is used to judge whether the water sample reaction material will release associated ions that affect the target water quality index
  • the third preprocessing module is used to perform a deionization operation when the first judging module judges that the water sample reaction material releases associated ions that affect the target water quality index, and the deionization operation is used to actively release the associated ions that affect the target water quality index.
  • Associated ions of target water quality indicators are used to perform a deionization operation when the first judging module judges that the water sample reaction material releases associated ions that affect the target water quality index, and the deionization operation is used to actively release the associated ions that affect the target water quality index.
  • the third aspect of the present invention discloses another detection device for water sample characteristics, the device includes:
  • a processor coupled to the memory
  • the processor invokes the executable program code stored in the memory to execute some or all of the steps in any one of the methods for detecting characteristics of water samples disclosed in the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention discloses a computer storage medium, the computer storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are called, it is used to execute any method for detecting the characteristics of water samples disclosed in the first aspect of the present invention Some or all of the steps in .
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the first electrical signal of the water sample to be detected is determined, and the first electrical signal is used to characterize the conductivity of the water sample to be detected; a pretreatment operation is performed on the water sample to be detected, and the pretreatment operation is used to change the In the sample, the content proportion of the associated ion that affects the target water quality index; determine the second electrical signal of the water sample to be detected, and the second electrical signal is used to characterize the conductivity of the water sample to be detected after the above-mentioned pretreatment operation; according to the first The first electrical signal and the second electrical signal determine the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected.
  • the present invention can simplify the water sample detection steps, improve the automation level of water sample characteristic detection, realize the green detection process, effectively reduce the water sample detection cost and maintenance cost, and then effectively avoid the traditional detection method in the application process.
  • Limitations are beneficial to obtain the optimal response data, improve the convenience and efficiency of the water sample detection process, enhance the reliability of detection, and facilitate the rapid popularization and application in production and life.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a detection method for water sample characteristics disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device for water sample characteristics disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another detection device for characteristics of a water sample disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention discloses a water sample characteristic detection method and device.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method and device can simplify the water sample detection step process, effectively reduce the water sample detection cost, and further improve the convenience and efficiency of the water sample detection process. Test efficiency.
  • the detection of the characteristics of the water sample includes the detection of the hardness of the water sample, the detection of the alkalinity of the water sample, and the detection of the turbidity of the water sample, etc., which are not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • one or more embodiments of the present invention can be applied to any scene requiring water sample characteristic detection, including household water purification scenes, factory water quality testing scenes, and water sample characteristic calibration scenes of professional testing institutions, etc., the embodiments of the present invention Also not limited.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting characteristics of a water sample disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method described in FIG. 1 can be applied to a water sample characteristic detection device, and the water sample characteristic detection device can be an independent device, or can be integrated in water quality detection or water quality treatment equipment, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the detection method of this water sample characteristic can comprise the following operations:
  • the first electrical signal referred to wherein the first electrical signal can include any parameter index used to characterize the conductivity of the water sample, such as resistance, voltage, current and other parameters reflecting conductivity, and the parameters related to resistance, voltage, Electrical signals (such as TDS value) that have a direct or indirect relationship, such as current, are not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the target water quality index includes the alkalinity of the water sample, the hardness of the water sample, and the turbidity of the water sample, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the content ratio includes changes in ion concentration, changes in number of ions, and changes in mass of ions, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the associated ions that affect the water quality alkalinity index are OH - , HCO 3 - , CO 3 2- , etc., and acidic substances can be added to the water sample by acid-base neutralization.
  • the associated ions that affect the hardness index of water quality are mainly calcium and magnesium ions, and methods such as calcium and magnesium ion adsorption or selective filtration of calcium and magnesium ions can be used , to reduce the content of calcium and magnesium ions in the water sample.
  • changing the content ratio of the associated ions that affect the target water quality index can be to increase the proportion of the ion content or to decrease the proportion of the ion content, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • alkaline substances can be added to the water sample to increase the OH - root content level in the water sample
  • substances containing calcium and magnesium ions can also be added to the water sample to increase the hardness level in the water sample.
  • the ion content level in the water sample changes, and correspondingly, the electrical signal obtained again at this time will also change due to the change in the ion level, that is, The above-mentioned second electrical signal.
  • the measurement electrode, measurement location, measurement environment, etc. in the process of determining the second electrical signal should be the same as in step 101, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the detection result.
  • the target water quality index value of the water sample to be detected is determined through the variation between the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, and the correlation between the variation and the corresponding target water quality index.
  • the amount of change between the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal can be selected according to actual conditions, and can be either a differential change or a partial derivative change, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal can be input into a preset mathematical model, the output result of the preset mathematical model is determined, and the output result is determined as the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected ;
  • the preset mathematical model includes a preset linear model or a preset nonlinear model or a preset neural network model, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention can simplify the water sample detection process, effectively reduce the water sample detection cost and maintenance cost, thereby effectively avoiding the limitations of the traditional detection method in the application process, and improving the efficiency of the water sample detection process. Convenience and testing efficiency are conducive to rapid popularization and application in production and life.
  • the method may further include the following operations:
  • step 104 may include the following operations:
  • the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected is determined according to the first correction electric signal and the second correction electric signal.
  • a temperature correction operation is introduced to detect the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal respectively.
  • signal synchronously detect the temperature, perform temperature correction on the measured electrical signal based on the water temperature of the water sample to obtain a corrected electrical signal, and use the corrected electrical signal to replace the electrical signal to calculate the change of the electrical signal of the water sample value.
  • the rule of temperature correction may be, compared with 25°C, when the water temperature rises by 1°C, the electrical signal increases by 1% to 5% as the correction electric signal, and when the water temperature drops by 1°C, The value of the electrical signal reduced by 1-5% is used as the corrected electrical signal value.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention can take into account the influence of temperature on the conductivity or electrical signal, and perform temperature correction or compensation on the conductivity or electrical signal, which can improve the detection precision and accuracy.
  • performing a pretreatment operation on the detected water sample may include the following operations:
  • the water sample to be detected is mixed with the water sample reaction material, wherein the water sample reaction material is used to release or absorb or neutralize or precipitate the associated ions in the water sample to be detected that affect the target water quality index;
  • the water sample to be tested is mixed with the water sample reaction material, including:
  • the type of the matching water sample reaction material and the predicted consumption of the water sample reaction material are determined;
  • the water sample reaction material is mixed with the water sample to be tested.
  • acidic substances can be selected (acidic materials refer to materials that can ionize hydrogen ions in water, represented by A-H.
  • A-H any A-H group
  • A-H can be R-SO3-H sulfonic acid, R -COO-H carboxylic acids, R-PO3-H phosphoric acids, R-BO3-H boric acids, R-SiO3-H silicic acids, etc.) are used as water sample reaction materials for pretreatment operations, preferably, the acidic substances
  • the acidic substances The following conditions need to be met: placed in deionized water, do not contribute to the conductivity value, that is, the change in conductivity of the dissolved matter in deionized water does not exceed 10uS, in addition, the surface area of the acidic substance is preferably a material that can be extended to a larger area.
  • the acidic substance used in the patent is a weak acid resin.
  • the water sample to be tested is passed through the weak acid resin, and the alkaline substances in the water sample to be tested will react with the acidic substances at this time to generate substances that do not contribute to the conductivity/TDS (for example, carbon dioxide and water).
  • the conductivity/TDS for example, carbon dioxide and water.
  • the detection target water quality index is hardness
  • materials capable of adsorbing calcium and magnesium ions such as zeolite, molecular sieve, calcite, etc. with pores or cavity structures
  • the water-like reaction material needs to meet the following conditions: placed in deionized water, does not contribute to the conductivity value, that is, the change in the conductivity value of the dissolved matter in deionized water does not exceed 10uS
  • the surface area of the water-like reaction material is preferably extensible
  • the water sample reaction material used in this patent is zeolite.
  • the water sample to be detected is passed through the zeolite, and the zeolite will specifically physically adsorb the calcium and magnesium ions in the water sample, thus reducing the proportion of calcium and magnesium ions in the water sample. It should also be noted that choosing a zeolite that does not contribute to the conductivity value is only a preferred solution of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the conductivity contribution of the zeolite. If there is a conductivity contribution, it can be compensated by the conductivity way to correct the actual detection results.
  • the amount of the water-like reaction material and the proportion of each material in the water-like reaction material required to achieve a sufficient reaction can also be determined through the first electrical signal.
  • the corresponding relationship between the predicted dosage and the predicted ratio of these water sample reaction materials can be stored in the test device in a preset manner in advance, or can be stored in a corresponding local or network server.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limited.
  • the corresponding relationship between the pre-stored electrical signal and the predicted consumption and predicted ratio of the water sample reaction material can also be updated online or offline, such as refining the test area, test time, test environment, etc. The corresponding relationship, so as to improve the efficiency of the preprocessing operation process and shorten the time of the preprocessing operation.
  • different mixing methods can be allocated according to the characteristics of different water sample reaction materials. For example, according to the reaction rate of the ion and the water sample reaction material, different doses of the water sample reaction material can be added in batches or in stages, or the water sample reaction material can be released from different directions (contacting with different areas, etc.) Detect water sample mixing for better response.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention uses the water sample reaction material to change the associated ion content of the water quality index in the water sample, and can realize a green and environmentally friendly detection process on the basis of simplifying the water sample detection steps and procedures, with high reliability. High, effectively reduce the cost of water sample testing and maintenance costs, improve the convenience and test efficiency of the water sample testing process, and facilitate the rapid popularization and application in production and life.
  • performing a pretreatment operation on the detected water sample may also include:
  • An ion-selective filtration operation is performed on the water sample to be detected through an ion-selective membrane.
  • the method for pretreating the water sample to be tested may also include selectively adsorbing the associated ions in the water sample through the potential difference generated by the selective electrode, and the water sample may also be adsorbed by means of an ion-selective membrane or the like.
  • the associated ions in the filter are filtered, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention adopts electrical and physical means such as selective electrodes or selective diaphragms, which can more quickly change the content ratio of the associated ions in the water sample that affect the water quality index, and can more simplify the water quality.
  • the sample detection step process can effectively improve the detection speed and efficiency.
  • determining the second electrical signal of the water sample to be detected may include the following operations:
  • the electrical signal of the water sample to be detected is monitored every preset time interval to obtain two electrical signals before and after the preset time interval, that is, the above-mentioned first
  • the temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal are used to judge the change (absolute value) between the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal of the water sample to be tested, and judge the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal. Whether the amount of variation between electrical signals is greater than a preset threshold;
  • the pretreatment operation of the water sample to be detected has been completed.
  • Completion means that the content change rate of the associated ions affecting the target water quality index in the tested water sample has tended to the minimum, that is, the tested water sample and the water sample reaction material have reached a sufficient reaction.
  • the final second electrical signal can be determined by determining the variation trend of the electrical signal.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention can determine the optimal electrical signal after sufficient response by monitoring the change rate and trend of the electrical signal, which can improve the automation level of water sample characteristic detection, and is conducive to obtaining the optimal
  • the reaction data can effectively improve the detection efficiency and accuracy, and enhance the reliability of detection.
  • the method may also include the following operations:
  • the water sample disturbance operation is executed, and the above-mentioned operation of determining the second electrical signal of the water sample to be detected is triggered, which The water sample perturbation operation is used to improve the mixing reaction efficiency of the water sample to be detected and the water sample reaction material.
  • the reaction rate between the water sample to be tested and the water sample reaction material is accelerated by triggering the water sample disturbance operation.
  • the water sample disturbance operation can be realized by disturbance devices (such as stirring rods, stirring blades, etc.); it can also be achieved by controlling the channel switch, so that the water sample to be tested can flow through a longer pipeline to increase the reaction with the water sample.
  • the release area and time between the materials can be realized, which can be selected according to the actual situation, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the water sample disturbance operation is stopped.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention can monitor the change rate of the electrical signal, judge whether to start the water sample disturbance operation according to the change rate of the electric signal, and improve the water sample to be tested and the water sample reaction material through the water sample disturbance operation.
  • the reaction rate can improve the automation level of water sample characteristic detection, which is beneficial to obtain the optimal reaction data, effectively improve the detection efficiency and accuracy, and enhance the reliability of detection.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of another method for detecting characteristics of a water sample disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method described in FIG. 2 can be applied to a water sample characteristic detection device, and the water sample characteristic detection device can be an independent device, or can be integrated in water quality detection or water quality treatment equipment, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the detection method of this water sample characteristic can comprise the following operations:
  • the target data set is preprocessed to obtain a preset mathematical model for the target water quality index, and the preset linear model or preset linear model for the target water quality index can be obtained by fitting the target data set.
  • the nonlinear model can be specifically determined according to the actual target water quality index, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the acquisition of the target data set of the method of the present invention is described: first use the conductivity instrument And the alkalinity test method tests the electrical conductivity and the alkalinity of the water sample specimen respectively, and the test result is recorded as the electrical conductivity C11 and the alkalinity value, and a certain amount of weak acid resin (this resin is to contain -COOH group) is taken, and then The weak acid resin is mixed with the water sample and stirred together, and then measured with a conductivity instrument after fully reacting, and recorded as C12. The same test is performed on different water samples to obtain the target data set.
  • the alkalinity test method tests the electrical conductivity and the alkalinity of the water sample specimen respectively, and the test result is recorded as the electrical conductivity C11 and the alkalinity value, and a certain amount of weak acid resin (this resin is to contain -COOH group) is taken, and then The weak acid resin is mixed with the water sample and stirred together, and then measured with a conductivity instrument after fully reacting, and recorded as C12.
  • the data of the alkalinity value of the water sample to be tested and the change value of the conductivity before and after the reaction with the weak acid resin are sorted out.
  • the correlation curve the linear relationship between the conductivity change value and its alkalinity is strongly correlated, and the linear correlation number is about 0.998.
  • Zeolite can be selected to Adsorb calcium and magnesium ions in the water sample to be tested, wherein the zeolite dissolves in pure water without contributing to the conductivity, and has a large specific surface area and a fast reaction rate.
  • the same test is performed on different water samples to obtain the target data set.
  • the data of the hardness value of the water sample to be tested and its conductivity change value before and after adsorption with zeolite i.e. C22-C21
  • the value of the change in conductivity is on the abscissa
  • the hardness value is on the ordinate value
  • the relevant curve can be drawn.
  • the linear relationship between the conductivity change value and its hardness is strongly correlated, and the linear correlation number is about 0.9919.
  • the specific mathematical model in the embodiment of the present invention can be selected according to the actual test situation, and the mathematical model can be characterized as a partial derivative equation or a check point equation, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mathematical fitting relationship between the target water quality index and the electrical signal in the water sample characteristics is only a linear relationship model, it can also be a segmented linear relationship model, or a nonlinear relationship model, and the embodiments of the present invention can also No limit.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention can realize the detection of water sample characteristics more accurately through a reliable mathematical model, can solve the existing accuracy deviation and correction problems caused by the discreteness of measured data, and dynamically integrate the test data And evaluation, which is conducive to improving the precision and accuracy of the detection results.
  • preprocess the target data set to obtain a preset mathematical model for the target water quality index which may also include the following operations:
  • the joint loss is backpropagated, and the preset neural network model for the target water quality index is obtained through the iterative training of the preset cycle length.
  • a neural network model can be established, a target data set can be input into the neural network model for iterative training, and finally a suitable preset neural network model can be obtained.
  • the target data set is input into the neural network model, and the data is forward-propagated to obtain the pre-test results for the target water quality indicators (such as predicted alkalinity value and predicted hardness value).
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts the joint loss cooperation between the pre-detection result and the predetermined detection result for the target water quality index to continuously train the neural network.
  • the pre-determined detection results for target water quality indicators include calibration results of professional water quality indicator calibration equipment or results determined by other detection methods, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the joint loss value is backpropagated, and a preset neural network model is obtained through iterative training with a preset cycle length.
  • a preset neural network model is obtained through iterative training with a preset cycle length.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention can obtain a reliable neural network model through the training method, which is applicable to the detection requirements of different standards of water quality, more accurately realizes the detection of water sample characteristics, and can solve the existing problems caused by discrete measured data. Dynamic integration and evaluation of test data will help improve the precision and accuracy of test results.
  • step 203 When it is judged that the water sample reaction material will not release associated ions that affect the target water quality index, trigger the execution of step 203 to perform the pretreatment of the water sample to be detected;
  • step 203 When it is judged that the water sample reaction material will release associated ions that affect the target water quality index, it is judged whether the number of associated ions released by the water sample reaction material exceeds the preset threshold, and when it is judged that the number of associated ions released by the water sample reaction material exceeds When the preset threshold is reached, the deionization operation in step 203 is triggered.
  • the associated ions in the water sample reaction materials can be actively released in advance through deionization operation.
  • the deionization operation can be performed before mixing and reacting the water sample reaction material with the water sample to be detected, wherein the deionization operation method can be processed by placing the water sample reaction material in deionized water, or using other
  • the ionization method and the like are not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • weak acid resins For example, take the use of weak acid resins to detect water alkalinity as an example. Since weak acid resins are often mixed with strong acid resins (referring to resins containing H + groups) in the production process, before using the resins, use alkaline substances to (NaHCO 3 ) to remove the strong acid group, so that it can be placed in deionized water without contributing to the conductivity value. After mixing the weak acid resin with sodium bicarbonate and pure water for about Clean and set aside.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention can further simplify the water sample detection steps through a more refined deionization operation, reduce the calculation complexity of the target water quality index, and improve the reliability and stability of the water sample characteristic detection.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention can simplify the water sample detection steps, effectively reduce the water sample detection cost and maintenance cost, thereby effectively avoiding the limitations of the traditional detection method in the application process, and improving the convenience of the water sample detection process
  • the performance and test efficiency are conducive to the rapid popularization and application in production and life.
  • determining the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be tested may include:
  • the conductance compensation coefficient is determined, and the output result of the preset mathematical model is determined according to the conductance compensation coefficient, and the output result of the preset mathematical model is determined as The detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected.
  • the method for judging whether the water sample reaction material releases associated ions that affect the target water quality index can be achieved by separately setting a pure water storage chamber in the detection chamber. After each replacement of the water sample reaction material, the online The method of detection/correction is used to determine whether there are related ions that affect the target water quality index; the results transmitted from step 202 and step 203 can also be referred to, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention provides an online automatic compensation method for the release of associated ions by the water sample reaction material to affect the conductivity, which further simplifies the water sample detection steps and greatly facilitates the calibration process after the replacement of the water sample reaction material. Improve the precision and accuracy of online detection.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device described in FIG. 3 can be applied to a water sample characteristic detection device, and the water sample characteristic detection device can be an independent device, or can be integrated in water quality detection or water quality treatment equipment, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the detection device for the characteristics of the water sample refers to the steps in the method for detecting the characteristics of a water sample described in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and the detailed description will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • the detection device of this water sample characteristic can comprise:
  • the first determination module 301 is configured to determine a first electrical signal of the water sample to be detected, and the first electrical signal is used to characterize the conductivity of the water sample to be detected;
  • the first pretreatment module 302 is used to perform a pretreatment operation on the water sample to be detected, and the pretreatment operation is used to change the content ratio of the associated ions affecting the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected;
  • the second determination module 303 is configured to determine a second electrical signal of the water sample to be detected, and the second electrical signal is used to characterize the conductivity of the water sample to be detected after the treatment operation;
  • the third determination module 304 is configured to determine the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected according to the first electrical signal determined by the first determination module 301 and the second electrical signal determined by the second determination module 303 .
  • the water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in the present invention can simplify the water sample detection process, effectively reduce the water sample detection cost and maintenance cost, thereby effectively avoiding the limitations of traditional detection methods in the application process, and improving the efficiency of the water sample detection process. Convenience and testing efficiency are conducive to rapid popularization and application in production and life.
  • the first preprocessing module 302 is specifically configured to:
  • the water sample to be detected is mixed with the water sample reaction material, and the water sample reaction material is used to release or absorb or neutralize or precipitate the associated ions in the water sample to be detected that affect the target water quality index;
  • the first preprocessing module 302 includes:
  • the first determination sub-module 3021 is used to determine the type of the matching water sample reaction material and the predicted consumption of the water sample reaction material according to the first electrical signal and the type of associated ions in the water sample to be detected that affect the target water quality index;
  • the first processing sub-module 3022 is used to mix the water sample reaction material with the water sample to be tested according to the preset mixing mode.
  • the water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in the present invention uses the water sample reaction material to change the associated ion content of the water quality index in the water sample, and can realize a green and environment-friendly detection process on the basis of simplifying the water sample detection process, with high reliability. High, effectively reduce the cost of water sample testing and maintenance costs, improve the convenience and test efficiency of the water sample testing process, and facilitate the rapid popularization and application in production and life.
  • the second determining module 303 may include:
  • the monitoring sub-module 3031 is used to measure the electrical signal of the water sample to be tested every preset time interval, and determine the electrical signal measured at the current moment and the electrical signal measured at the previous moment at the current moment as the first temporary electrical signal respectively. signal and second temporary electrical signal;
  • the first judging sub-module 3032 is used to judge whether the variation between the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is greater than a preset threshold
  • the second determination sub-module 3033 is used to determine the electrical signal of the water sample to be detected when the first determination sub-module 3032 determines that the variation between the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is less than or equal to a preset threshold
  • the change trend when it is determined that the change trend is a decreasing trend, the smaller of the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is determined as the second electrical signal; when it is determined that the change trend is an increasing trend, the first The larger one of the temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is determined as the second electrical signal.
  • the water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in the present invention can determine the optimal electrical signal after sufficient response by monitoring the change rate and trend of the electrical signal, which can improve the automation level of water sample characteristic detection, and is conducive to obtaining the optimal
  • the reaction data can effectively improve the detection efficiency and accuracy, and enhance the reliability of detection.
  • the device may also include:
  • the disturbance module 305 is configured to perform a water sample disturbance operation when the second determination module 3033 judges that the variation between the first temporary electrical signal and the second temporary electrical signal is greater than the preset threshold, and trigger the second
  • the determination module 303 determines the operation of the second electrical signal of the water sample to be detected, and the water sample disturbance operation is used to improve the mixing reaction efficiency of the water sample to be detected and the water sample reaction material.
  • the water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in the present invention can monitor the change rate of the electrical signal, judge whether to start the water sample disturbance operation according to the change rate of the electrical signal, and improve the water sample to be tested and the water sample reaction material through the water sample disturbance operation.
  • the reaction rate can improve the automation level of water sample characteristic detection, which is beneficial to obtain the optimal reaction data, effectively improve the detection efficiency and accuracy, and enhance the reliability of detection.
  • the third determining module 304 is specifically configured to:
  • the first determination module 301 and the second determination module 303 obtain the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, input the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal into the preset mathematical model, determine the output result of the preset mathematical model, and The output result is determined as the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected;
  • the preset mathematical model includes a preset linear model or a preset nonlinear model or a preset neural network model.
  • the water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in the present invention can more accurately detect water sample characteristics through a reliable mathematical model, and can solve the existing accuracy deviation and correction problems caused by discrete measured data, and dynamically integrate the test data And evaluation, which is conducive to improving the precision and accuracy of the detection results.
  • the specific way for the third determination module 304 to determine the output result of the preset mathematical model is:
  • the conductance compensation coefficient is determined, and the output result of the preset mathematical model is determined according to the conductance compensation coefficient.
  • the water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in the present invention can realize the precision and accuracy of the detection more accurately by means of conductance compensation on the basis of simplifying the water sample detection process, realize the detection process of green environmental protection, and have high reliability. Effectively reduce the cost of water sample testing and maintenance costs, improve the convenience and test efficiency of the water sample testing process, and facilitate the rapid popularization and application in production and life.
  • the device may also include:
  • the second preprocessing module 306 is used to preprocess the target data set to obtain a preset mathematical model for the target water quality index, so as to trigger the first determination module 301 to perform the operation of determining the first electrical signal of the water sample to be detected;
  • the second preprocessing module 306 may include:
  • the first processing sub-module 3061 is used to fit the target data set to obtain a preset linear model or a preset nonlinear model for the target water quality index; or,
  • the water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in the present invention can more accurately detect water sample characteristics through a reliable mathematical model, and can solve the existing accuracy deviation and correction problems caused by discrete measured data, and dynamically integrate the test data And evaluation, which is conducive to improving the precision and accuracy of the detection results.
  • the device may also include:
  • the first judging module 307 is used to judge whether the water sample reaction material will release associated ions that affect the target water quality index
  • the first judging module 307 may also transmit information about whether the water sample reaction material will release associated ions that affect the target water quality index to the third determining module 304, for the third determining module 304 to calculate the mathematical model Select the appropriate conductance compensation coefficient when outputting the result.
  • the water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in the present invention can further simplify the water sample detection steps through more refined deionization operation, reduce the calculation complexity of the target water quality index, and improve the reliability and stability of water sample characteristic detection.
  • the device may also include:
  • the temperature determination module 309 is configured to determine the first temperature value when the first determination module 301 determines the first electrical signal and the second temperature value when the second determination module 303 determines the second electrical signal, the first temperature value and the second temperature value are used to correct the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, and then trigger the third determination module 304 to execute the detection of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected according to the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal operation of the result;
  • the third determining module 304 is specifically used for:
  • the detection result of the target water quality index in the water sample to be detected is determined.
  • the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in the present invention can take into account the influence of temperature on the conductivity or electrical signal, and perform temperature correction or compensation on the conductivity or electrical signal, which can improve the detection precision and accuracy.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another water sample characteristic detection device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device described in FIG. 5 can be applied to a water sample characteristic detection device, and the water sample characteristic detection device can be an independent device, or can be integrated in water quality detection or water quality treatment equipment, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the water sample characteristic detection device may include:
  • a memory 401 storing executable program codes
  • processor 402 coupled to the memory 401;
  • the processor 402 invokes the executable program code stored in the memory 402 to execute some or all of the steps in the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer storage medium.
  • the computer storage medium stores computer instructions. When the computer instructions are invoked, they are used to execute the steps in the water sample characteristic detection method disclosed in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of the present invention. .
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative, and the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in One place, or it can be distributed to multiple network modules. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. It can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts.
  • the computer program codes required for the operation of each part of this manual can be written in any one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB .NET, Python, etc., conventional programming languages such as C language, Visual Basic, Fortran2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP, dynamic programming languages such as Python, Ruby and Groovy, or other programming languages.
  • the program code can run entirely on the computer (PC, embedded smart device, etc.), or as an independent software package on the user's computer, or partly on the user's computer and partly on the remote computer, or completely on the remote computer or run on the server.
  • the remote computer can be connected to the user computer through any form of network, such as a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), or to an external computer (such as through the Internet), or in a cloud computing environment, or as a service Use software as a service (SaaS).
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • SaaS service Use software as a service
  • a water sample characteristic detection method and device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, not to limit it;
  • the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

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Abstract

提供了一种水样特性的检测方法及装置，检测方法包括：确定待检测水样的第一电信号，第一电信号用于表征待检测水样的电导能力（101，204）；对待检测水样进行预处理操作，预处理操作用于改变待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比（102，205）；确定待检测水样的第二电信号，第二电信号用于表征待检测水样在经预处理操作之后的电导能力（103，206）；根据第一电信号和第二电信号，确定待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果（104，207）。水样特性的检测方法能够简化水样检测步骤流程，有效地降低水样检测成本以及维护成本，提高水样检测过程的便捷性及测试效率。

Description

一种水样特性的检测方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及水样检测技术领域，尤其涉及一种水样特性的检测方法及装置。
背景技术
水作为重要的生活必需品，水的质量越来越受到大家的重视，水质检测作为水质量的重要评价手段，人们对水质的检测要求也越来越高。无论是饮用水还是生活用水，水质检测对人们身体健康以及用水设备的安全至关重要。
现有技术中，对水质的检测方法主要有滴定法、光谱分析法等，这些方法往往需要专业的人员进行水样采集之后，进而在特定的环境下进行水样检测，不仅需要准备化学滴定剂，还需要对仪器设备进行不断维护保养。因此，这些检测方法操作复杂、便捷性差，学习和维护成本较高，难以普及到用户的生产及生活中。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种水样特性的检测方法及装置，能够能够简化水样检测步骤流程，有效地降低水样检测成本以及维护成本，进而有效避免传统检测方法在应用过程中的局限性，提高水样检测过程的便捷性及测试效率，有利于生产和生活中的快速普及应用。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明第一方面公开了一种水样特性的检测方法，所述方法包括：
确定待检测水样的第一电信号，所述第一电信号用于表征所述待检测水样的电导能力；
对所述待检测水样进行预处理操作，所述预处理操作用于改变所述待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比；
确定所述待检测水样的第二电信号，所述第二电信号用于表征所述待检测水样在经所述预处理操作之后的电导能力；
根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述对所述待检测水样进行预处理操作，包括：
将所述待检测水样与水样反应材料进行混合操作，所述水样反应材料用于释放或吸附或中和或沉淀所述待检测水样中影响所述目标水质指标的所述关联离子；
其中，将所述待检测水样与水样反应材料进行混合操作，包括：
根据所述第一电信号以及所述待检测水样中影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子的类型，确定相匹配的所述水样反应材料的类型以及所述水样反应材料的预测用量；
按照预设的混合方式，将所述水样反应材料与所述待检测水样混合。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，在所述对所述待检测水样进行预处理操作之前，所述方法还包括：
判断所述水样反应材料是否会释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子，当判断出所述水样反应材料会释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子时，执行去离子操作，所述去离子操作用于主动释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述确定所述待检测水样的第二电信号，包括：
每经过预设时长间隔测量一次所述待测水样的电信号，将当前时刻测量到的电信号以及所述当前时刻的上一时刻测量到的电信号分别确定为第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号，判断所述第一临时电信号与所述第二临时电信号之间的变化量是否大于预设阈值；
当判断出所述第一临时电信号与所述第二临时电信号之间的变化量小于等于所述预设阈值时，确定所述待检测水样的电信号的变化趋势，当确定出所述变化趋势为递减趋势时，将所述第一临时电信号和所述第二临时电信号中较小者确定为第二电信号；当确定出所述变化趋势为递增趋势时，将所述第一临时电信号和所述第二临时电信号中较大者确定为第二电信号。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述方法还包括：
当判断出所述第一临时电信号与所述第二临时电信号之间的变化量大于所述预设阈值时，执行水样扰动操作，并触发所述的确定所述待检测水样的第二电信号的操作，所述水样扰动操作用于提高所述待检测水样与所述水样反应材料的混合反应效率。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果，包括：
将所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号输入预设数学模型，确定所述预设数学模型的输出结果，将所述输出结果确定为所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述方法还包括：
在所述根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果之前，确定所述待检测水样在确定出所述第一电信号时的第一温度值以及在确定出所述第二电信号时的第二温度值，所述第一温度值和所述第二温度值用于校正所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号；
其中，所述根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果，包括：
根据所述第一温度值和所述第二温度值，分别对所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号进行校正，得到第一校正电信号和第二校正电信号；
根据所述第一校正电信号和所述第二校正电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述确定所述预设数学模型的输出结果，包括：
判断所述预处理操作过程中是否有释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子；
当判断出所述预处理操作过程中有释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子时，确定电导补偿系数，并根据所述电导补偿系数确定所述预设数学模型的输出结果。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第一方面中，所述方法还包括：
在所述确定待检测水样的第一电信号之前，对目标数据集进行预处理，得到针对目标水质指标的预设数学模型；
其中，所述对目标数据集进行预处理，得到针对目标水质指标的预设数学模型，包括：
对目标数据集进行拟合，得到针对所述目标水质指标的预设线性模型或者预设非线性模型；或者，
将目标数据集输入到神经网络中，得到针对所述目标水质指标的预检测结果；
计算所述预检测结果与预先确定出的针对所述目标水质指标的检测结果之间的联合损失；
将所述联合损失进行反向传播，通过预设周期长度的迭代训练得到针对所述目标水质指标的预设神经网络模型。
本发明第二方面公开了一种水样特性的检测装置，所述装置包括：
第一确定模块，用于确定待检测水样的第一电信号，所述第一电信号用于表征所述待检测水样的电导能力；
第一预处理模块，用于对所述待检测水样进行预处理操作，所述预处理操作用于改变所述待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比；
第二确定模块，用于确定所述待检测水样的第二电信号，所述第二电信号用于表征所述待检测水样在经所述预处理操作之后的电导能力；
第三确定模块，用于根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述第一预处理模块，具体用于：
将所述待检测水样与水样反应材料进行混合操作，所述水样反应材料用于释放或吸附或中和或沉淀所述待检测水样中影响所述目标水质指标的所述关联离子；
其中，所述第一预处理模块，包括：
第一确定子模块，用于根据所述第一电信号以及所述待检测水样中影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子的类型，确定相匹配的所述水样反应材料的类型以及所述水样反应材料的预测用量；
第一处理子模块，用于按照预设的混合方式，将所述水样反应材料与所述待检测水样混合。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述第二确定模块包括：
监测子模块，用于每经过预设时长间隔测量一次所述待测水样的电信号，将当前时刻测量到的电信号以及所述当前时刻的上一时刻测量到的电信号分别确定为第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号；
判断子模块，用于判断所述第一临时电信号与所述第二临时电信号之间的变化量是否大于预设阈值；
第二确定子模块，用于当所述判断子模块判断出所述第一临时电信号与所述第二临时电信号之间的变化量小于等于所述预设阈值时，确定所述待检测水样的电信号的变化趋势，当确定出所述变化趋势为递减趋势时，将所述第一临时电信号和所述第二临时电信号中较小者确定为所述第二电信号；当确定出所述变化趋势为递增趋势时，将所述第一临时电信号和所述第二临时电信号中较大者确定为所述第二电信号。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述装置还包括：
扰动模块，用于当所述第二确定模块判断出所述第一临时电信号与所述第二临时电信号之间的变化量大于所述预设阈值时，执行水样扰动操作，并触发所述第二确定模块确定所述待检测水样的第二电信号的操作，所述水样扰动操作用于提高所述待检测水样与所述水样反应材料的混合反应效率。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述第三确定模块，具体用于：
将所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号输入预设数学模型，确定所述预设数学模型的输出结果，将所述输出结果确定为所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述装置还包括：
温度确定模块，用于确定所述待检测水样在确定出所述第一电信号时的第一温度值以及在确定出所述第二电信号时的第二温度值，所述第一温度值和所述第二温度值用于校正所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，进而触发所述第三确定模块执行所述的根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测 水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果的操作；
其中，所述第三确定模块，具体用于：
根据所述第一温度值和所述第二温度值，分别对所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号进行校正，得到第一校正电信号和第二校正电信号；
根据所述第一校正电信号和所述第二校正电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述第三确定模块确定所述预设数学模型的输出结果的具体方式为：
判断所述第一预处理模块对所述待检测水样进行预处理操作过程中是否有释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子；
当判断出所述第一预处理模块对所述待检测水样进行预处理操作过程中有释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子时，确定电导补偿系数，并根据所述电导补偿系数确定所述预设数学模型的输出结果。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述装置还包括：
第二预处理模块，用于对目标数据集进行预处理，得到针对目标水质指标的预设数学模型，以触发所述第一确定模块执行所述确定待检测水样的第一电信号的操作；
所述第二预处理模块，包括：
第二处理子模块，用于对目标数据集进行拟合，得到针对所述目标水质指标的预设线性模型或者预设非线性模型；或者，
用于将目标数据集输入到神经网络中，得到针对所述目标水质指标的预检测结果；还用于计算所述预检测结果与预先确定出的针对所述目标水质指标的检测结果之间的联合损失；还用于将所述联合损失进行反向传播，通过预设周期长度的迭代训练得到针对所述目标水质指标的预设神经网络模型。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在本发明第二方面中，所述装置还包括：
第一判断模块，用于在判断所述水样反应材料是否会释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子；
第三预处理模块，用于当第一判断模块判断出所述水样反应材料释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子时，执行去离子操作，所述去离子操作用于主动释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子。
本发明第三方面公开了另一种水样特性的检测装置，所述装置包括：
存储有可执行程序代码的存储器；
与所述存储器耦合的处理器；
所述处理器调用所述存储器中存储的所述可执行程序代码，执行本发明第一方面公开的任意一种水样特性的检测方法中的部分或全部步骤。
本发明第四方面公开了一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机指令，所述计算机指令被调用时，用于执行本发明第一方面公开的任意一种水样特性的检测方法中的部分或全部步骤。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明中，确定待检测水样的第一电信号，该第一电信号用于表征待检测水样的电导能力；对待检测水样进行预处理操作，该预处理操作用于改变待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比；确定待检测水样的第二电信号，该第二电信号用于表征待检测水样在经上述预处理操作之后的电导能力；根据第一电信号和第二电信号，确定待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果。可见，本发明能够简化水样检测步骤，能够提高水样特性检测的自动化水平，实现绿色环保的检测过程，有效地降低水样检测成本以及维护成本，进而有效避免传统检测方法在应用过程中的局限性，有利于获取最优的反应数据，提高水样检测过程的便捷性及测试效率，增强检测的可靠性，有利于生产和生活中的快速普及应用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例公开的一种水样特性的检测方法的流程示意图；
图2是本发明实施例公开的另一种水样特性的检测方法的流程示意图；
图3是本发明实施例公开的一种水样特性的检测装置的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例公开的另一种水样特性的检测装置的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例公开的又一种水样特性的检测装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、装置、产品或端没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或端固有的其他步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本发明的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
本发明公开了一种水样特性的检测方法及装置，该水样特性的检测方法及装置能够简化水样检测步骤流程，有效地降低水样检测成本，进而提高水样检测过程的便捷性及测试效率。其中，水样特性的检测包括水样硬度检测、水样碱度检测，还包括水样浊度检测等，本发明实施例不做限定。此外，本发明一个或多个实施例可以应用于任意需要进行水样特性检测的场景中，包括家庭净水场景、工厂水质检测场景以及专业检测机构的水样特性标定场景等，本发明实施例亦不做限定。
实施例一
请参阅图1，图1是本发明实施例公开的一种水样特性的检测方法的流程示意图。其中，图1所描述的方法可以应用于水样特性检测装置中，该水样特性 检测装置可以是一个独立的装置，也可以集成在水质检测或水质处理设备中，本发明实施例不做限定。如图1所示，该水样特性的检测方法可以包括以下操作：
101、确定待检测水样的第一电信号，该第一电信号用于表征该待检测水样的电导能力。
本发明实施例中，针对待检测水样首先需要确定该待测水样的电导能力，可以通过电导率仪或TDS笔对待测试水样的电导率/TDS值进行测量得出结果，也即上述所指的第一电信号，其中第一电信号可以包括任何用于表征该检测水样的电导能力的参数指标，例如电阻、电压、电流等反映电导率的参数指标，以及与电阻、电压、电流等具有直接或间接关联关系的电信号(比如TDS值)，本发明实施例不作限定。
102、对该待检测水样进行预处理操作，该预处理操作用于改变待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比。
本发明实施例中，在检测该待测水样的第二电信号之前，需要对其进行预处理操作，改变该待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比，使得该待检测水样的电导能力发生一定程度的变化。其中，目标水质指标包括水样碱度、水样硬度以及水样浊度等，本发明实施例不做限定。此外，含量占比包括离子浓度的变化，也包括离子数目的变化，还包括离子质量的变化等，本发明实施例不做限定。比如，以水样碱度测量为例，影响水质碱度指标的关联离子为OH -、HCO 3 -、CO 3 2-等，可以通过酸碱中和的方法，向水样中添加酸性物质来降低水样的OH -根的含量水平；再比如，以水样硬度检测为例，影响水质硬度指标的关联离子主要为钙镁离子，可以采用钙镁离子吸附或者钙镁离子选择性过滤等方法，来降低水样的钙镁离子的含量水平。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中，改变影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比，可以是增加离子含量占比，也可以是减少离子含量占比，本发明实施例不做限定。例如，可以向水样中加入碱性物质来提高水样中的OH -根含量水平，同样也可以向水样中加入含有钙镁离子的物质来提高水样中的硬度水平。
103、确定待检测水样的第二电信号，该第二电信号用于表征该待检测水样在经预处理操作之后的电导能力。
本发明实施例中，待测水样经步骤102预处理之后，水样中的离子含量水平发生变化，相应的此时再次获得的电信号也会因为离子水平的变化而发生变化变化，也即上述第二电信号。优选的，确定第二电信号过程中的测量电极、测量位置、测量环境等应当与步骤101中相同，这样可以保证检测结果的准确性和可靠性。
104、根据第一电信号和第二电信号，确定该待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果。
本发明实施例中，通过第一电信号和第二电信号之间的变化量，以及该变化量与相应的目标水质指标的关联关系，确定待检测水样的目标水质指标数值。其中，第一电信号和第二电信号之间的变化量，可以根据实际情况选取，既可以是差分变化，也可以是偏导变化，本发明实施例不做限定。
进一步的，可以将第一电信号和第二电信号输入预先设定好的数学模型中，确定该预设数学模型的输出结果，将输出结果确定为待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果；其中，预设数学模型包括预设线性模型或者预设非线性模型或者预设神经网络模型，本发明实施例不做限定。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法能够简化水样检测步骤流程，有效地降低水样检测成本以及维护成本，进而有效避免传统检测方法在应用过程中的局限性，提高水样检测过程的便捷性及测试效率，有利于生产和生活中的快速普及应用。
在一个可选的实施例中，在根据第一电信号和第二电信号，确定待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果之前，该方法还可以包括以下操作：
确定待检测水样在确定出第一电信号时的第一温度值以及在确定出第二电信号时的第二温度值，第一温度值和第二温度值用于校正第一电信号和第二电信号；
其中，步骤104可以包括如下操作：
根据第一温度值和第二温度值，分别对第一电信号和第二电信号进行校正，得到第一校正电信号和第二校正电信号；
根据第一校正电信号和第二校正电信号，确定待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
本发明实施例中，为了更加精准的对待检测水样进行水样特性的检测，考虑到温度对电导率/电信号测量的影响，引入温度校正操作，分别在检测第一电信号以及第二电信号时，同步检测温度，基于所述水样的水温对所测得的电信号进行温度校正得到校正电信号，利用所述校正电信号替代所述电信号计算得出所述水样电信号变化值。其中，温度校正的规则可以是，与25℃相比，所述水温每升高1℃，以所述电信号增大1～5％的值作为校正电信号，所述水温每下降1℃，以所述电信号缩减1～5％的值作为校正电信号值。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法能够考虑到温度对电导率或者电信号的影响，对电导率或者电信号进行温度校正或补偿，能够提高检测的精度和准确度。
在一个可选的实施例中，对该检测水样进行预处理操作，可以包括如下操作：
将该待检测水样与水样反应材料进行混合操作，其中，水样反应材料用于释放或吸附或中和或沉淀该待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子；
其中，将待检测水样与水样反应材料进行混合操作，包括：
根据第一电信号以及待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的类型，确定相匹配的水样反应材料的类型以及水样反应材料的预测用量；
按照预设的混合方式，将水样反应材料与待检测水样混合。
举例来说，当检测目标水质指标为碱度时，可以则选择酸性物质(酸性材料指的是能够在水中电离出氢离子的物料，以A-H来表示。可选地，以任何带有A-H基团的离子交换树脂，树脂纤维，树脂粉，树脂块，离子交换膜等中的一种或多种材料作为上述弱酸性材料。可选地，A-H可以是R-SO3-H磺酸类，R-COO-H羧酸类，R-PO3-H磷酸类，R-BO3-H硼酸类，R-SiO3-H硅酸类等)作为水样反应材进行预处理操作，优选的，该酸性物质需满足以下条件：放置于去离子水中，不贡献电导率值，即在去离子水中其溶出物电导率变化值不超过10uS，此外，酸性物质的表面积优选可以延展到较大面积的材料，本专利所用到酸性物质为弱酸树脂。将该待检测水样经流通过该弱酸树脂，此时待检测水样中的碱性物质会与酸性物质发生反应，生成对电导率/TDS无贡献的物质(例如，二氧化碳和水)。需要说明的是，选择不贡献电导率值的酸性物质只是作 为本发明的优选方案，但本发明实施例并不限定该酸性物质的电导率贡献情况，如果存在电导率贡献时，可以通过电导率补偿的方式来纠正实际的检测结果。
再比如，当检测目标水质指标为硬度时，可以选择能够吸附钙镁离子的物质(例如沸石、分子筛、方解石等具有孔道或空穴结构的物质)为水样反应材料进行预处理操作，优选的，该水样反应材料需要满足以下条件：放置于去离子水中，不贡献电导率值，即在去离子水中其溶出物电导率变化值不超过10uS，此外，水样反应材料的表面积优选可以延展到较大面积的材料，本专利所用的水样反应材料为沸石。将该待检测水样经流通过该沸石，沸石会对水样中的钙镁离子进行特异性物理吸附，如此降低水样中钙镁离子的占比水平。同样需要说明的是，选择不贡献电导率值的沸石只是作为本发明的优选方案，但本发明实施例并不限定该沸石的电导率贡献情况，如果存在电导率贡献时，可以通过电导率补偿的方式来纠正实际的检测结果。
本发明实施例中，还可以通过第一电信号，确定出以达到充分反应时，所需要的水样反应材料的使用用量以及水样反应材料中各个材料的用量比例。这些水样反应材料的预测用量和预测比例的对应关系，可以事先通过预置的方式，将对应关系存储到测试装置中，也可以存储到相应的本地或网络服务器中，本发明实施例不做限定。
进一步的，预先存储的电信号与水样反应材料的预测用量和预测比例的对应关系，也可以通过在线或者离线的方式更新，例如细化测试区域、测试时间、测试环境等情况下的更优化的对应关系，以使得提高预处理操作的过程的效率，缩短预处理操作的时间。
又进一步的，当该检测水样与水样反应材料混合时，可以根据不同的水样反应材料的特性，分配不同的混合方式。例如，可以根据离子与水样反应材料的反应速率，分批次或分段加入不同剂量的水样反应材料，或者从不同的方位(接触不同面积的部位等)释放水样反应材料来与待检测水样混合，以获得更好的反应效果。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法采用水样反应材料的方式改变水样中的水质指标的关联离子含量，能够在简化水样检测步骤流程基础上，实现绿色环保的检测过程，可靠性高，有效地降低水样检测成本以及维护成本，提高 水样检测过程的便捷性及测试效率，有利于生产和生活中的快速普及应用。
在该可选的实施例中，进一步可选的，对该检测水样进行预处理操作，还可以包括：
通过离子选择性电极，对该待检测水样进行离子选择性吸附操作；或者，
通过离子选择性隔膜，对该待检测水样进行离子选择性过滤操作。
本发明实施例中，对待测水样进行预处理的方法还可以包括通过选择性电极产生的电势差来选择性吸附水样中的关联离子进行吸附，还可以通过离子选择性隔膜等方式对水样中的关联离子进行过滤，本发明实施例并不限定。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法采用配合选择性电极或者选择性隔膜等电学物理手段方式，可以更迅速的改变水样中的影响水质指标的关联离子的含量占比，能够更加简化水样检测步骤流程，有效的提高检测速度和效率。
在该可选的实施例中，进一步可选的，确定待检测水样的第二电信号，可以包括以下操作：
在步骤102对该待检测水样进行预处理之后，每间隔预设时长，就监测一次该待检测水样的电信号，得到预设时长间隔前后时刻的两次电信号，也即上述第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号，对该待测水样的第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号之间的变化量(绝对值)进行判断，判断第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号之间的变化量是否大于预设阈值；
当判断出第一临时电信号与第二临时电信号之间的变化量小于等于预设阈值时，再确定该待检测水样的电信号的变化趋势，当确定出变化趋势为递减趋势时，将第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号中较小者确定为第二电信号；当确定出变化趋势为递增趋势时，将第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号中较大者确定为第二电信号。
本发明实施例中，通过判断预设时长间隔时刻监测的两次电信号之间的变化量是否小于等于预设阈值，当判断出小于预设阈值时，说明待检测水样的预处理操作已经完成，即该检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量变化速率已经趋于最小，也即该检测水样与水样反应材料已经达到了充分的反应。进而可以通过判定电信号的变化趋势，确定出最终的第二电信号。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法能够通过监测电信号的变化速率和 趋势，确定出最优的充分反应之后的电信号，能够提高水样特性检测的自动化水平，有利于获取最优的反应数据，有效地提高检测效率和准确性，增强检测的可靠性。
在该可选的实施例中，进一步可选的，该方法还可以包括以下操作：
当判断出第一临时电信号与第二临时电信号之间的变化量大于预设阈值时，执行水样扰动操作，并触发上述的确定该待检测水样的第二电信号的操作，该水样扰动操作用于提高该待检测水样与水样反应材料的混合反应效率。
本发明实施例中，通过判断预设时长间隔时刻监测的两次电信号之间的变化量是否大于预设阈值，当判断出大于预设阈值时，说明待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量变化速率还是比较大的，为了快速提高或降低关联离子的含量水平，通过触发水样扰动操作来加速待测水样与水样反应材料的反应速率。其中，水样扰动操作可以是通过扰动装置(如搅拌棒、搅拌叶片等)来实现；也可以是通过控制通道开关，使得该待测水样可以流经更长的管道，增加与水样反应材料之间的解除面积和时间来实现，具体可根据实际情况选择，本发明实施例不做限定。相应的，当判断出小于预设阈值时，停止水样扰动操作。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法能够通过监测电信号的变化速率，根据电信号的变化速率判断是否启动水样扰动操作，通过水样扰动操作来提高待测水样与水样反应材料的反应速率，能够提高水样特性检测的自动化水平，有利于获取最优的反应数据，有效地提高检测效率和准确性，增强检测的可靠性。
实施例二
请参阅图2，图2是本发明实施例公开的另一种水样特性的检测方法的流程示意图。其中，图2所描述的方法可以应用于水样特性检测装置中，该水样特性检测装置可以是一个独立的装置，也可以集成在水质检测或水质处理设备中，本发明实施例不做限定。如图2所示，该水样特性的检测方法可以包括以下操作：
201、对目标数据集进行预处理，得到针对目标水质指标的预设数学模型。
本发明实施例中，对目标数据集进行预处理，得到针对目标水质指标的预 设数学模型，可以通过对目标数据集进行拟合的方式，得到针对目标水质指标的预设线性模型或者预设非线性模型，具体可以根据实际的目标水质指标来确定，本发明实施例不做限定。
例如，以水质碱性与电导率为例进行数量关系拟合为例，为了更好的理解本发明所描述的方法，首先对本发明的方法的目标数据集的获取加以描述：先用电导率仪器以及碱度测试方法分别对水样标本的电导率和碱度进行测试，测试结果记录为电导率C11以及碱度值，取一定数量的弱酸树脂(该树脂是含有-COOH基团)，再将弱酸树脂与水样标本混合一起搅拌，充分反应之后再用电导率仪器进行测量，记录为C12。对不同的水样标本分别进行同样的测试，可以得到目标数据集。其中，整理待测水样自身碱度值和其与弱酸树脂发生反应前后电导率变化值的数据(即C12-C11)，以电导率变化值为横坐标，碱度值为纵坐标值，绘制相关曲线，可以得到电导率变化值与其碱度呈强相关的线性关系，线性相关数约0.998。
再如，以水质硬度与电导率为例进行数量关系拟合为例，为了更好的理解本发明所描述的方法，同样首先对本发明的方法的目标数据集的获取加以描述：可以选择沸石来吸附待测水样中的钙镁离子，其中该沸石溶于纯水中不贡献电导率，且其比表面积大，反应速率快。先用电导率仪器以及硬度测试方法分别对水样标本的电导率和硬度进行测试，测试结果记录为电导率C21以及硬度值，再将沸石与水样标本混合一起，充分反应之后再用电导率仪器进行测量，记录为C22。对不同的水样标本分别进行同样的测试，可以得到目标数据集。其中，整理待测水样自身硬度值和其与沸石吸附前后电导率变化值的数据(即C22-C21)，以电导率变化值为横坐标，硬度值为纵坐标值，绘制相关曲线，可以得到电导率变化值与其硬度呈强相关的线性关系，线性相关数约0.9919。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中的具体数学模型可以根据实际试验情况进行选择，数学模型既可以表征为偏导方程，也可以表征为查分方程，本发明实施例不做限定。此外，并不限定水样特性中目标水质指标与电信号之间的数学拟合关系仅为线性关系模型，还可以是分段式线性关系模型，又可以是非线性关系模型，本发明实施例亦不做限定。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法能够通过可靠的数学模型，更精准 的实现水样特性的检测，能够解决现有因实测数据离散导致的精度偏差及校正问题，对测试数据进行动态整合和评测，有利于提高检测结果的精度和准确度。
在该可选的实施例中，进一步可选的，对目标数据集进行预处理，得到针对目标水质指标的预设数学模型，还可以包括如下操作：
将目标数据集输入到神经网络中，得到针对目标水质指标的预检测结果；
计算预检测结果与预先确定出的针对目标水质指标的检测结果之间的联合损失；
将联合损失进行反向传播，通过预设周期长度的迭代训练得到针对目标水质指标的预设神经网络模型。
本发明实施例中，可以建立神经网络模型，将目标数据集输入到神经网络模型中进行迭代训练，最终得到合适的预设神经网络模型。其中，将目标数据集输入到神经网络模型中，将数据进行前向传播，可以得到针对目标水质指标的预检测结果(例如预测碱度值、预测硬度值)。
本发明实施例中，在对神经网络进行训练的过程中，由于需要不断训练，因此本发明实施例采用了预检测结果与预先确定出的针对目标水质指标的检测结果之间的联合损失配合作用来对神经网络进行不断训练。其中，预先确定出的针对目标水质指标的检测结果，包括专业水质指标标定设备的标定结果或者其他检测方式确定出来的结果，本发明实施例不做限定。
本发明实施例中，将联合损失值进行反向传播，并通过预设周期长度的迭代训练得到预设神经网络模型。通过联合损失函数公式计算预检测结果与预先确定出的针对目标水质指标的检测结果之间的损失值进行反向传播，以便于对损失函数的权重参数进行更新，通过预设周期长度的迭代训练，以最小化损失函数值，从而得到训练好的预设神经网络用于测试。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法能够通过训练的方法，得到可靠的神经网络模型，适用不同标准水质的检测需求，更精准的实现水样特性的检测，能够解决现有因实测数据离散导致的精度偏差及校正问题，对测试数据进行动态整合和评测，有利于提高检测结果的精度和准确度。
202、判断水样反应材料是否会释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子。
当判断出该水样反应材料不会释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子时，触发执行步骤203执行对该待检测水样进行预处理的操作；
当判断出该水样反应材料会释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子时，判断该水样反应材料释放的关联离子数量是否超过预设阈值，当判断出该水样反应材料释放的关联离子数量超过预设阈值时，触发执行步骤203的去离子操作。
203、当判断出水样反应材料会释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子时，执行去离子操作。
本发明实施例中，当水样反应材料会释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子且释放的关联离子数量超过阈值时，会导致电信号(电导率)的贡献值过高，将会干扰测试结果，使得存在较大的误差。为了避免较大误差导致的补偿纠正过于复杂，可以通过去离子操作，提前将水样反应材料中的关联离子主动释放出来。执行去离子操作，可以在将水样反应材料与该待检测水样混合反应之前操作，其中，去离子化的操作方法可以通过将水样反应材料放置于去离子水中进行处理，也可以使用其他电离方法等，本发明实施例不做限定。例如，以利用弱酸树脂来检测水质碱度为例，由于弱酸树脂在生产过程中常常混有强酸树脂(是指含有H +基团的树脂)，于是在使用该树脂前，先用碱性物质(NaHCO 3)将强酸基团去除，使其满足放置于去离子水中，不贡献电导率值，将取好的弱酸树脂与碳酸氢钠与纯水混合搅拌约后，用大量纯水对弱酸树脂清洗并捞出备用。
此外，可以通过检测去离子话过程中离子的变化速率，来确保关联离子是否被释放完成，也即变化速率小于预设阈值时，说明离子的释放速度已经非常慢了，即使将此时的水样反应材料用在预处理过程中，也不会对测试造成较大的干扰。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法能够通过更精细化的去离子操作，更加简化水样检测步骤，降低目标水质指标的计算复杂度，提高水样特性检测的可靠性和稳定性。
204、确定待检测水样的第一电信号，该第一电信号用于表征该待检测水样的电导能力。
205、对该待检测水样进行预处理操作，该预处理操作用于改变待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比。
206、确定待检测水样的第二电信号，该第二电信号用于表征该待检测水样在经预处理操作之后的电导能力。
207、根据第一电信号和第二电信号，确定该待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果。
本发明实施例中，针对步骤204-步骤207的其它描述，请分别对应参照实施例一中针对步骤101-步骤104的详细描述，本发明实施例不再赘述。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法能够简化水样检测步骤，有效地降低水样检测成本以及维护成本，进而有效避免传统检测方法在应用过程中的局限性，提高水样检测过程的便捷性及测试效率，有利于生产和生活中的快速普及应用。
在该可选的实施例中，进一步可选的，确定该待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果，可以包括：
判断步骤预处理操作过程中该水样反应材料是否有释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子；
当判断出步骤205预处理操作过程中有释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子时，确定电导补偿系数，并根据电导补偿系数确定预设数学模型的输出结果，将预设数学模型的输出结果确定为该待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果。
本发明实施例中，其中该水样反应材料是否有释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子的判断方法可以通过在检测腔内单独设置纯水存储腔，在每次更换水样反应材料之后，以在线检测/纠正的方式来判断是否有放影响目标水质指标的关联离子；也可以参考步骤202和步骤203传递过来的结果，本发明实施例不做限定。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法提供一种在线自动补偿水样反应材料释放关联离子影响电导能力的方法，更加简化水样检测步骤，极大方便更换水样反应材料之后的校正过程，提高在线检测的精度和准确度。
实施例三
请参阅图3，图3是本发明实施例公开的一种水样特性的检测装置的结构示意图。其中，图3所描述的装置可以应用于水样特性检测装置中，该水样特性检测装置可以是一个独立的装置，也可以集成在水质检测或水质处理设备中，本发明实施例不做限定。需要说明的是，该水样特性的检测装置参照的是实施例一和实施例二所描述的一种水样特性的检测方法中的步骤，详细的描述在本实施例中就不做赘述，如图3所示，该水样特性的检测装置可以包括：
第一确定模块301，用于确定待检测水样的第一电信号，该第一电信号用于表征该待检测水样的电导能力；
第一预处理模块302，用于对该待检测水样进行预处理操作，预处理操作用于改变该待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比；
第二确定模块303，用于确定该待检测水样的第二电信号，该第二电信号用于表征该待检测水样在经处理操作之后的电导能力；
第三确定模块304，用于根据第一确定模块301确定出的第一电信号和第二确定模块303确定出的第二电信号，确定该待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测装置能够简化水样检测步骤流程，有效地降低水样检测成本以及维护成本，进而有效避免传统检测方法在应用过程中的局限性，提高水样检测过程的便捷性及测试效率，有利于生产和生活中的快速普及应用。
在一个可选的实施例中，如图4所示，第一预处理模块302具体用于：
将该待检测水样与水样反应材料进行混合操作，该水样反应材料用于释放或吸附或中和或沉淀该待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子；
其中，第一预处理模块302，包括：
第一确定子模块3021，用于根据第一电信号以及待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的类型，确定相匹配的水样反应材料的类型以及水样反应材料的预测用量；
第一处理子模块3022，用于按照预设的混合方式，将水样反应材料与待检测水样混合。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测装置采用水样反应材料的方式改变水样中的水质指标的关联离子含量，能够在简化水样检测步骤流程基础上，实现绿色环保的检测过程，可靠性高，有效地降低水样检测成本以及维护成本，提高水样检测过程的便捷性及测试效率，有利于生产和生活中的快速普及应用。
在又一个可选的实施例中，第二确定模块303可以包括：
监测子模块3031，用于每经过预设时长间隔测量一次待测水样的电信号，将当前时刻测量到的电信号以及当前时刻的上一时刻测量到的电信号分别确定 为第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号；
第一判断子模块3032，用于判断第一临时电信号与第二临时电信号之间的变化量是否大于预设阈值；
第二确定子模块3033，用于当第一判断子模块3032判断出第一临时电信号与第二临时电信号之间的变化量小于等于预设阈值时，确定该待检测水样的电信号的变化趋势，当确定出变化趋势为递减趋势时，将第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号中较小者确定为第二电信号；当确定出变化趋势为递增趋势时，将第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号中较大者确定为第二电信号。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测装置能够通过监测电信号的变化速率和趋势，确定出最优的充分反应之后的电信号，能够提高水样特性检测的自动化水平，有利于获取最优的反应数据，有效地提高检测效率和准确性，增强检测的可靠性。
在又一个可选的实施例中，该装置还可以包括：
扰动模块305，用于当第二确定模块3033判断出第一临时电信号与所述第二临时电信号之间的变化量大于所述预设阈值时，执行水样扰动操作，并触发第二确定模块303确定待检测水样的第二电信号的操作，水样扰动操作用于提高待检测水样与水样反应材料的混合反应效率。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测装置能够通过监测电信号的变化速率，根据电信号的变化速率判断是否启动水样扰动操作，通过水样扰动操作来提高待测水样与水样反应材料的反应速率，能够提高水样特性检测的自动化水平，有利于获取最优的反应数据，有效地提高检测效率和准确性，增强检测的可靠性。
在又一个可选的实施例中，第三确定模块304，具体用于：
在第一确定模块301和第二确定模块303得到第一电信号和第二电信号之后，将第一电信号和第二电信号输入预设数学模型，确定预设数学模型的输出结果，将输出结果确定为待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果；
其中，预设数学模型包括预设线性模型或者预设非线性模型或者预设神经网络模型。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测装置能够通过可靠的数学模型，更精准 的实现水样特性的检测，能够解决现有因实测数据离散导致的精度偏差及校正问题，对测试数据进行动态整合和评测，有利于提高检测结果的精度和准确度。
在该可选的实施例中，进一步可选的，第三确定模块304确定预设数学模型的输出结果的具体方式为：
判断第一预处理模块302对待检测水样进行预处理操作过程中是否有释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子；
当判断出第一预处理模块302对待检测水样进行预处理操作过程中有释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子时，确定电导补偿系数，并根据电导补偿系数确定预设数学模型的输出结果。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测装置能够在简化水样检测步骤流程基础上，通过电导补偿的方式，更加准确的实现检测的精度和准确度，实现绿色环保的检测过程，可靠性高，有效地降低水样检测成本以及维护成本，提高水样检测过程的便捷性及测试效率，有利于生产和生活中的快速普及应用。
在又一个可选的实施例中，该装置还可以包括：
第二预处理模块306，用于对目标数据集进行预处理，得到针对目标水质指标的预设数学模型，以触发第一确定模块301执行确定待检测水样的第一电信号的操作；
其中，第二预处理模块306，可以包括：
第一处理子模块3061，用于对目标数据集进行拟合，得到针对目标水质指标的预设线性模型或者预设非线性模型；或者，
用于将目标数据集输入到神经网络中，得到针对目标水质指标的预检测结果；还用于计算预检测结果与预先确定出的针对目标水质指标的检测结果之间的联合损失；还用于将联合损失进行反向传播，通过预设周期长度的迭代训练得到针对目标水质指标的预设神经网络模型。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测装置能够通过可靠的数学模型，更精准的实现水样特性的检测，能够解决现有因实测数据离散导致的精度偏差及校正问题，对测试数据进行动态整合和评测，有利于提高检测结果的精度和准确度。
在又一个可选的实施例中，该装置还可以包括：
第一判断模块307，用于判断水样反应材料是否会释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子；
第三处理模块308，于当第一判断模块307判断出水样反应材料释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子时，执行去离子操作，其中，去离子操作用于主动释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子。
本发明实施例中，第一判断模块307，还可以将该水样反应材料是否会释放影响目标水质指标的关联离子信息传递给第三确定模块304，用于第三确定模块304在计算数学模型输出结果时选择合适的电导补偿系数。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测装置能够通过更精细化的去离子操作，更加简化水样检测步骤，降低目标水质指标的计算复杂度，提高水样特性检测的可靠性和稳定性。
在又一个可选的实施例中，该装置还可以包括：
温度确定模块309，用于确定在第一确定模块301确定出第一电信号时的第一温度值以及在第二确定模块303确定出第二电信号时的第二温度值，第一温度值和第二温度值用于校正第一电信号和第二电信号，进而触发第三确定模块304执行根据第一电信号和第二电信号，确定待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果的操作；
其中，第三确定模块304，具体用于：
根据第一温度值和第二温度值，分别对第一电信号和第二电信号进行校正，得到第一校正电信号和第二校正电信号；
根据第一校正电信号和第二校正电信号，确定待检测水样中目标水质指标的检测结果。
可见，本发明公开的水样特性检测方法能够考虑到温度对电导率或者电信号的影响，对电导率或者电信号进行温度校正或补偿，能够提高检测的精度和准确度。
实施例四
请参阅图5，图5是本发明实施例公开的又一种水样特性检测装置的结构示意图。其中，图5所描述的装置可以应用于水样特性检测装置中，该水样特性检测装置可以是一个独立的装置，也可以集成在水质检测或水质处理设备中，本发明实施例不做限定。如图5所示，该水样特性检测装置可以包括：
存储有可执行程序代码的存储器401；
与存储器401耦合的处理器402；
处理器402调用存储器402中存储的可执行程序代码，执行本发明实施例一或实施例二公开的水样特性检测方法中的部分或全部步骤。
实施例五
本发明实施例公开了一种计算机存储介质，该计算机存储介质存储有计算机指令，该计算机指令被调用时，用于执行本发明实施例一或实施例二公开的水样特性检测方法中的步骤。
以上所描述的装置实施例仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为模块显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理模块，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络模块上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
通过以上的实施例的具体描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件。基于这样的理解，上述技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中,存储介质包括只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable Read-only Memory，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory，EPROM)、一次可编程只读存储器(One-time Programmable Read-Only Memory，OTPROM)、电子抹除式可复写只读存储器(Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储器、磁盘存储器、磁带存储器、或者能够用于携带或存储数据的计算机可读的任何其他介质。
需要说明的是本说明书各部分操作所需的计算机程序代码可以用任意一种或多种程序语言编写，包括面向对象编程语言如Java、Scala、Smalltalk、Eiffel、JADE、Emerald、C++、C#、VB.NET、Python等，常规程序化编程语言如C语言、Visual Basic、Fortran2003、Perl、COBOL 2002、PHP、ABAP，动态编程语言如Python、Ruby和Groovy，或其他编程语言等。该程序编码可以完全在计算机(PC、嵌入式智能设备等)上运行、或作为独立的软件包在用户计算机上 运行、或部分在用户计算机上运行部分在远程计算机运行、或完全在远程计算机或服务器上运行。在后种情况下，远程计算机可以通过任何网络形式与用户计算机连接，比如局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)，或连接至外部计算机(例如通过因特网)，或在云计算环境中，或作为服务使用如软件即服务(SaaS)。
最后应说明的是：本发明实施例公开的一种水样特性检测方法及装置所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已，仅用于说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解；其依然可以对前述各项实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或替换，并不使相应的技术方案的本质脱离本发明各项实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种水样特性的检测方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    确定待检测水样的第一电信号，所述第一电信号用于表征所述待检测水样的电导能力；
    对所述待检测水样进行预处理操作，所述预处理操作用于改变所述待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比；
    确定所述待检测水样的第二电信号，所述第二电信号用于表征所述待检测水样在经所述预处理操作之后的电导能力；
    根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的水样特性的检测方法，其特征在于，所述对所述待检测水样进行预处理操作，包括：
    将所述待检测水样与水样反应材料进行混合操作，所述水样反应材料用于释放或吸附或中和或沉淀所述待检测水样中影响所述目标水质指标的所述关联离子；
    其中，将所述待检测水样与水样反应材料进行混合操作，包括：
    根据所述第一电信号以及所述待检测水样中影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子的类型，确定相匹配的所述水样反应材料的类型以及所述水样反应材料的预测用量；
    按照预设的混合方式，将所述水样反应材料与所述待检测水样混合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的水样特性的检测方法，其特征在于，在所述对所述待检测水样进行预处理操作之前，所述方法还包括：
    判断所述水样反应材料是否会释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子，当判断出所述水样反应材料会释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子时，执行去离子操作，所述去离子操作用于主动释放影响所述目标水质指标的关联离子。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的水样特性的检测方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述待检测水样的第二电信号，包括：
    每经过预设时长间隔测量一次所述待测水样的电信号，将当前时刻测量到的电信号以及所述当前时刻的上一时刻测量到的电信号分别确定为第一临时电信号和第二临时电信号，判断所述第一临时电信号与所述第二临时电信号之间 的变化量是否大于预设阈值；
    当判断出所述第一临时电信号与所述第二临时电信号之间的变化量小于等于所述预设阈值时，确定所述待检测水样的电信号的变化趋势，当确定出所述变化趋势为递减趋势时，将所述第一临时电信号和所述第二临时电信号中较小者确定为第二电信号；当确定出所述变化趋势为递增趋势时，将所述第一临时电信号和所述第二临时电信号中较大者确定为第二电信号。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的水样特性的检测方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当判断出所述第一临时电信号与所述第二临时电信号之间的变化量大于所述预设阈值时，执行水样扰动操作，并触发所述的确定所述待检测水样的第二电信号的操作，所述水样扰动操作用于提高所述待检测水样与所述水样反应材料的混合反应效率。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的水样特性的检测方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果，包括：
    将所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号输入预设数学模型，确定所述预设数学模型的输出结果，将所述输出结果确定为所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的水样特性的检测方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果之前，所述方法还包括：
    确定所述待检测水样在确定出所述第一电信号时的第一温度值以及在确定出所述第二电信号时的第二温度值，所述第一温度值和所述第二温度值用于校正所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号；
    其中，所述根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果，包括：
    根据所述第一温度值和所述第二温度值，分别对所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号进行校正，得到第一校正电信号和第二校正电信号；
    根据所述第一校正电信号和所述第二校正电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的水样特性的检测方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述预设数学模型的输出结果，包括：
    判断所述预处理操作过程中是否有释放影响所述目标水质指标的所述关联离子；
    当判断出所述预处理操作过程中有释放影响所述目标水质指标的所述关联离子时，确定电导补偿系数，并根据所述电导补偿系数确定所述预设数学模型的输出结果。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的水样特性的检测方法，其特征在于，在所述确定待检测水样的第一电信号之前，所述方法还包括：
    对目标数据集进行预处理，得到针对目标水质指标的预设数学模型；
    其中，所述对目标数据集进行预处理，得到针对目标水质指标的预设数学模型，包括：
    对目标数据集进行拟合，得到针对所述目标水质指标的预设线性模型或者预设非线性模型；或者，
    将目标数据集输入到神经网络中，得到针对所述目标水质指标的预检测结果；
    计算所述预检测结果与预先确定出的针对所述目标水质指标的检测结果之间的联合损失；
    将所述联合损失进行反向传播，通过预设周期长度的迭代训练得到针对所述目标水质指标的预设神经网络模型。
  10. 一种水样特性的检测装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    第一确定模块，用于确定待检测水样的第一电信号，所述第一电信号用于表征所述待检测水样的电导能力；
    第一预处理模块，用于对所述待检测水样进行预处理操作，所述预处理操作用于改变所述待检测水样中影响目标水质指标的关联离子的含量占比；
    第二确定模块，用于确定所述待检测水样的第二电信号，所述第二电信号用于表征所述待检测水样在经所述预处理操作之后的电导能力；
    第三确定模块，用于根据所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号，确定所述待检测水样中所述目标水质指标的检测结果。
PCT/CN2022/070085 2021-08-03 2022-01-04 一种水样特性的检测方法及装置 WO2023010804A1 (zh)

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