WO2023010591A1

WO2023010591A1 - Seed metering measurement apparatus, seed metering test platform system, and method for detecting seed metering quality

Info

Publication number: WO2023010591A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/111703
Authority: WO
Inventors: 沈景新; 孙宜田; 孙永佳; 李青龙; 陈刚; 张波
Original assignee: 山东省农业机械科学研究院
Priority date: 2021-08-05
Filing date: 2021-08-10
Publication date: 2023-02-09
Also published as: CN113639794B; CN113639794A

Abstract

A seed metering measurement apparatus, a seed metering test platform system, and a method for detecting seed metering quality, providing a reliable data support for the improvement of seed metering and fertilizer application performance. The seed metering measurement apparatus comprises a mounting frame, a conveying mechanism, a seed holding grid assembly, a seed guide cylinder (2) and a weighing device (12); the seed holding grid assembly comprises grid block panels (302), block panels (5) and a bearing plate (13); the grid block panels (302) are uniformly distributed on a transmission belt (301); the block panels (5) are connected at two sides of the transmission belt (301); the bearing plate (13) is connected to the transmission belt (301) and located between the block panels (5); a seed outlet (11) is provided on a segment of the bearing plate (13). The seed metering test platform system comprises a frame (24), a seed box (26), a seed guide tube (17), a dispenser (18), a seed mixing tube (19), a seed feeding apparatus, a Venturi premixer (22), a seed meter (23), and more than one seed metering measurement apparatus. The method for detecting seed metering quality comprises: adjusting the seed metering amount of the seed meter (23); controlling, by adjusting a blocking motor (2310), a blocking sleeve (2306) to perform reciprocating linear motion along an external grooved pulley (2317); and changing the working rotational speed of the external grooved pulley (2317) by adjusting the rotational speed of a seed metering motor (2311).

Description

Seed metering measuring device, seed metering test platform system and method for detecting seed metering quality

technical field

The invention relates to a detection device, in particular to a seed-discharging measuring device, a seed-discharging test platform system and a method for detecting the quality of seed-discharging, belonging to the technical field of agricultural equipment.

Background technique

The problem of large consistency differences among rows of pneumatic drill seeders is serious. How to solve the differences in consistency among rows is a key technical bottleneck to improve the operation quality of pneumatic drill drills. Seeding amount detection mainly includes indirect detection method and direct detection method. At present, the seeding uniformity and consistency test of pneumatic seed drill mainly adopts indirect detection method. , by weighing the weight of the seeds in each receiving device, that is, to obtain the average value of the amount of seeds for a period of time instead of the real-time value to perform calculations and comparisons of the consistency of the seeds in each row.

There are at least the following defects in the above-mentioned technology: (1) the time interval taken by the measurement is longer, and the seed quantity of each row cannot be reflected in the unit time; (2) the seed amount of each row in a single time interval can only be measured, and continuous time intervals cannot be measured. (3) A large amount of manual operations are required, which takes a lot of time.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the amount of seed row seeding and electric drive fertilizer discharge cannot be accurately measured in real time, the present invention provides a seed metering measurement device, a seed metering test platform system and a method for detecting the quality of seed metering, which can obtain The real-time seeding and fertilizer discharge volume in the experimental test of the drive and fertilizer discharger, and data analysis, provide reliable data support for the performance improvement of seed discharge and fertilizer discharge.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A seed metering and measuring device, including a mounting frame, a conveying mechanism, a seed holding grid assembly, a seed guide cylinder and a weighing device, wherein:

The conveying mechanism includes a motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a transmission belt. The motor is fixedly connected to the driving wheel and drives the driving wheel to rotate. The transmission belt is set on the outside of the driving wheel and the driven wheel and drives;

Shengzhong grid components include grid baffles, baffles and supporting plates. The grid baffles are evenly distributed on the transmission belt, and the baffles are connected to both sides of the transmission belt. The supporting plate has a section to set the seed outlet;

The seed guide tube is located above the conveying mechanism;

The weighing device is connected to the support plate.

On the basis of the above-mentioned seed metering and measuring device, the weighing device includes a housing, a weighing sensing device and a wear-resistant covering plate, wherein the weighing sensing device is connected inside the housing, and the wear-resistant covering plate is located on the upper part of the weighing sensing device.

On the basis of the above-mentioned seed metering device, there are transmission teeth on both sides of the transmission belt, and its tooth shape is consistent with the driving runner and the driven runner.

On the basis of the above-mentioned seed metering and measuring device, the seed guide cylinder is cylindrical, and the bottom is higher than the upper part of the grid baffle.

On the basis of the above-mentioned seeding and measuring device, the mounting frame has two support beams and supporting legs, and the supporting legs are connected to the lower end of the supporting beams.

A seed metering test platform system, including a frame, a seed box, a seed introduction pipe, a distributor, a seed mixing pipe, a seed delivery device, a Venturi premixer, a seed meterer and more than one seed metering measuring device, the Venturi pre-mixer The upper part of the mixer is connected to the lower end of the mixing pipe, the lower part of the Venturi premixer is connected to the seed delivery device, the distributor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the mixing pipe, and multiple seed outlets are evenly distributed on the distributor, and the seed outlets pass through the seed introduction pipe and Seed measurement device connection.

On the basis of the above-mentioned seed metering test platform system, the seed metering device includes a housing, a seed metering assembly and a seed volume adjustment assembly, wherein one end of the housing is connected to the seed box, and the other end is connected to the Venturi premixer;

Seed metering components include seed metering motor, seed metering shaft, driving wheel, driven wheel, outer groove wheel and stirring shaft, one end of seed metering shaft is connected with seed metering motor, the other end of seed metering shaft is connected with driving wheel, driven wheel and driving wheel meshing, and the driven wheel is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft, and the stirring shaft is evenly distributed with spirally distributed stirring teeth;

The seed discharge adjustment assembly includes a blocking motor, a blocking sleeve, a screw and a screw bearing. The blocking sleeve is engaged with the outer sheave, and the blocking sleeve is fixedly connected to the screw bearing through a connecting plate. The blocking motor drives the screw to rotate, and the screw bearing Do reciprocating motion along the lead screw, and drive the blocking sleeve to do reciprocating linear motion along the outer sheave.

On the basis of the above seed testing platform system, the seed delivery device includes a fan motor and a fan connected to the fan motor, the outlet of the fan is connected to the lower part of the Venturi premixer, and the fan is fixedly connected to the frame.

A method for detecting the quality of seeding by using a seeding test platform system, comprising the following steps:

S1. Put seeds in the seed box;

S2. The seed delivery device is started, and the seeds enter the Venturi premixer after being mixed with the airflow generated by the fan after passing through the seed metering device, and then enter the seed mixing pipe;

The adjustment process of the seeding volume of the seed meter is as follows: adjusting the positive rotation and reverse rotation of the blocking motor can drive the screw to rotate, the screw bearing reciprocates along the screw, the screw bearing drives the blocking sleeve to reciprocate linearly along the outer groove wheel, The working length of the outer sheave can be adjusted to realize the preliminary adjustment of the seed quantity; by adjusting the speed of the seed metering motor, the working speed of the outer sheave can be changed to further adjust the seed quantity;

S3. Seeds from the mixed seed tube enter the distributor and enter the seed metering device through the seed guide tube;

S4. The control system detects the amount of seeds in a single grid, wherein the control system includes a controller and a liquid crystal screen, and the controller is respectively connected with a speed sensor, a position sensor, a seeding motor, a blocking motor, a motor and a weighing device, and the speed sensor is set On the motor, a position sensor is placed on the conveyor belt.

The advantages of the present invention are:

The moving grid is used to simulate field operations to collect seeds in each row, and the real-time detection sensor system detects the amount of seeds in a single grid in real time to realize real-time monitoring of the amount of seeds in each row and between rows; the original time accumulation measurement method has been changed, The real-time detection of the seeding amount is realized, and different field operation speeds can be simulated by setting different speeds and seeding amounts of the test bench, and the uniformity and consistency of the test can be realized; the parameter adjustment control according to the operating speed and the input per-acre seeding amount can be realized The positive and negative rotation of the blocking motor changes the relative position of the blocking sleeve and the outer sheave, and realizes the change of the working length of the outer sheave, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the amount of seeds; The working length of the pulley can make the outer grooved wheel maintain a suitable speed under the conditions of small seed discharge and large seed discharge, improve the uniformity of seed discharge, and solve the problem of large working length of the outer grooved wheel and low speed working pulley. The problem of serious pulsation of seed quantity.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a seed metering device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conveying mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of runner in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a weighing scale according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the seeding test platform system of the embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working section of the seed metering device;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a seed metering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 support beam, 2 seed guide cylinder, 3 conveying mechanism, 4 position sensor, 5 baffle group, 6 baffle bracket, 7 bearing with seat, 8 motor bracket, 9 motor, 10 inoculation box, 11 seed outlet , 12 weighing units, 13 supporting plates, 14 shafts, 15 legs, 16 runners, 17 seed tubes, 18 distributors, 19 mixing tubes, 20 fans, 21 fan motors, 22 premixing devices, 23 rows Seeds, 24 racks, 25 rows of measuring devices, 301 transmission belts, 302 grid baffles.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a sorting measuring device includes a mounting frame, a conveying mechanism, a grid assembly for holding seeds, a seed guide tube 2 and a weighing device 12, wherein:

The mounting frame includes a supporting beam 1 and a leg 15, and the supporting leg 15 is connected to the lower end of the supporting beam 1;

The conveying mechanism includes a motor 9, a driving wheel 26, a driven wheel 16 and a transmission belt 301. The motor 9 is connected to the motor bracket 8 through bolts, the motor bracket 8 is fixedly connected to the support beam 1, and the motor 9 is connected to the driving wheel through a coupling. 26 is fixedly connected and drives the driving wheel 26 to rotate. The motor 9 is a servo motor, which can feed back the speed in real time to achieve precise control of the speed of the simulation operation. The transmission belt 301 is set on the outside of the driving wheel 26 and the driven wheel 16 and drives. Referring to Fig. 3, the driving runner 26 and the driven runner 16 are circular in the middle, and transmission teeth are designed on both sides, and are connected to the support beam 1 through the rotating shaft 14 and the bearing with seat; the grid assembly of Shengzhong includes a grid baffle 302, the baffle 5 and the support plate 13, the grid baffle 302 is evenly distributed on the transmission belt 301, the baffle 5 is connected to both sides of the transmission belt 301 and is located on the support beam 1, the support plate 13 is connected to the transmission belt 301 and is located on the baffle between plates 5;

The seed guide tube 2 is circular, which is convenient for connection with the seed pipe or fertilizer pipe. Its circumference is evenly distributed with dense pores, which is conducive to the removal of air from the pores, reduces the speed of seeds or fertilizers, and prevents excessive bouncing of seeds or fertilizers during transportation. The seeds and fertilizers in each interval are mixed, which affects the effect of the test. The diameter of the pores is smaller than the particle size of commonly used fertilizer particles and wheat grains, which is about two-thirds of the average particle size of wheat. The seed guide tube 2 is located at the conveying mechanism 3 directly above, the bottom of which is higher than the top of the grid baffle 302;

The weighing device 12 is connected on the support plate 13 .

Referring to Fig. 4, the scale 12 includes a housing 1201, a load sensing device 1203 and a wear-resistant cladding 1202, wherein the load sensing device 1203 is connected inside the housing 1201, and the wear-resistant cladding 1202 is located on the load sensing Device 1203 upper part.

In this embodiment, there are transmission teeth on both sides of the transmission belt 301 , the tooth shapes of which are consistent with the driving wheel 26 and the driven wheel 16 .

With reference to Fig. 5, a kind of seeding test platform system includes frame 24, seed box 26, seed guide pipe 17, distributor 18, seed mixing pipe 19, seed delivery device, Venturi premixer 22, seed metering device 23 And more than one seeding measuring device, the upper part of the Venturi premixer 22 is connected with the lower end of the seed mixing pipe 19, the lower part of the Venturi premixer 22 is connected with the seed delivery device, the distributor 18 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the seed mixing pipe 19, and the distributor 18 A plurality of seed outlets are evenly distributed on the top, and the seed outlets are connected with the seed metering device 25 through the seed introduction pipe 17 .

In this embodiment, the seed delivery device includes a fan motor 21 and a fan 20 connected to the fan motor 21 , the air outlet of the fan 20 is connected to the lower part of the Venturi premixer 22 , and the fan 20 is fixedly connected to the frame 24 .

Referring to Fig. 8, the seed metering device 23 includes a housing 2303, a seed metering assembly and a seed amount adjustment assembly, wherein:

The upper end of the housing 2303 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the seed box 26 by bolts, and the lower end is connected to the feeding port of the Venturi premixing device 22;

The seeding assembly includes a bracket 2316, a seeding motor 2311, a seeding shaft 2315, a driving wheel 2302, a driven wheel 2301, an outer sheave 2317 and an agitating shaft 2318. The seeding motor 2311 is fixedly connected with the motor bracket 2309 by bolts, and the seeding shaft 2315 One end passes through the bearing with seat 2314 and is connected with the seeding motor 2311 through the seed coupling 2313, the bearing with seat 2314 is fixedly connected with the support 2316 through bolts, the other end of the seeding shaft 2315 is connected with the driving wheel 2302, and the driven wheel 2301 is connected with the driving wheel 2301. The wheel 2302 meshes, and the driven wheel 2301 is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft 2318, and the stirring shaft 2318 is uniformly distributed with stirring teeth;

Seed discharge adjustment assembly comprises blocking motor 2310, blocking sleeve 2306, leading screw 2305 and leading screw bearing 2307, blocking sleeve 2306 meshes with outer sheave 2317, and blocking sleeve 2306 is fixedly connected with leading screw bearing 2307, leading screw 2305 one end is connected with The bearing with seat 2304 is connected, and the bearing with seat 2304 is fixedly connected with the seed meter housing 2303 through bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected with the blocking motor 2310 through a coupling 2312, and the blocking motor 2310 is fixed on the motor bracket 2309 by bolts, and the motor The bracket 2309 is welded with the bracket 2316, the bracket 2316 is fixedly connected with the seed meter housing 2303 by bolts, the blocking motor 2310 drives the screw 2305 to rotate, the screw bearing 2307 reciprocates along the screw 2305, and drives the blocking sleeve 2306 along the outer The sheave 2317 makes a reciprocating linear motion.

The seed metering device of the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The seed metering quantity can be adjusted in a large range without stopping the machine, and the adjustment process does not increase the pulsation effect of seed metering. (2) The blocking sleeve 2306 and the outer sheave 2317 overlap a lot under the small amount of seed discharge, and the working length of the outer sheave 2317 is short, so it can ensure the operation of the outer sheave 2317 at an appropriate speed, improve the uniformity of seed discharge, reduce the The outer groove wheel 2317 seed meter has the problem of serious pulsating seed metering and affecting the uniformity of seeding under the condition of large working length and low speed operation. (3) Under the large amount of seed discharge, it can reduce the overlapping of the lower blocking sleeve 2306 and the outer sheave 2317, and the working length of the outer sheave 2317 increases, so the outer sheave 2317 does not need to rotate at a high speed, which reduces the outer sheave under high-speed operation. The problem that the grooved wheel cannot fully fill the seeds ensures the accuracy of the seed arrangement. (4) Through the combination of different adjustment methods of seed discharge, the precise adjustment of seed discharge under different working conditions is ensured.

S1. Put seeds in the seed box 26;

S2. The seed delivery device is started, and the seeds enter the Venturi premixer 22 after being mixed with the airflow produced by the fan after the seed metering device and then enter the seed mixing pipe 19;

Seed metering device 23 seed amount adjustment process is as follows: adjust the forward rotation and reverse rotation of blocking motor 2310 to drive screw 2305 to rotate, screw bearing 2307 to reciprocate along screw 2305, screw bearing 2307 to drive blocking sleeve 2306 along the outer The sheave 2317 makes a reciprocating linear motion, which can adjust the working length of the sheave of the outer sheave 2317 to realize the preliminary adjustment of the amount of seed; by adjusting the rotation speed of the seed motor 2311, the working speed of the outer sheave 2317 can be changed to further increase the amount of seed. adjust;

S3. Seeds in the seed mixing pipe 19 enter the distributor through the seed introducing pipe 17 and enter the seed metering device;

S4. The control system detects the amount of seeds in a single grid, wherein the control system includes a controller and a liquid crystal screen, and the controller is respectively connected with a speed sensor, a position sensor, a seeding motor, a blocking motor, a motor and a weighing device 12, and the speed sensor It is arranged on the motor 9, and the position sensor is arranged on the conveyor belt.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A seed metering and measuring device, characterized in that it includes a mounting frame, a conveying mechanism, a seed holding grid assembly, a seed guide cylinder (2) and a weighing device (12), wherein:

The conveying mechanism comprises a motor (9), a driving runner (26), a driven runner (16) and a transmission belt (301), and the motor (9) is fixedly connected with the driving runner (26) and drives the driving runner (26) to rotate , the transmission belt (301) is placed on the outside of the driving runner (26) and the driven runner (16) and drives;

Sheng kind of grid assembly comprises grid baffle plate (302), baffle plate (5) and supporting plate (13), and grid baffle plate (302) is evenly distributed on the transmission belt (301), and baffle plate (5) is connected on On both sides of the drive belt (301), the supporting plate (13) is connected to the driving belt (301) and is located between the baffle plates (5), and the supporting plate (13) has a section to set the seed outlet (11);

The seed guide tube (2) is located above the conveying mechanism;

The weighing device (12) is connected on the support plate (13).
The device for measuring seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weighing device (12) includes a housing (1201), a weighing sensor device (1203) and a wear-resistant cladding plate (1202), wherein the weighing sensor The device (1203) is connected inside the casing (1201), and the wear-resistant cladding plate (1202) is located on the upper part of the weighing sensor device (1203).
The device for measuring seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are transmission teeth on both sides of the transmission belt (301), the tooth shape of which is consistent with the driving wheel (26) and the driven wheel (16).
The seed metering and measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seed guide cylinder (2) is cylindrical, and the bottom is higher than the upper part of the grid baffle (302).
The seeding measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting frame has two support beams (1) and legs (15), and the legs (15) are connected to the lower end of the support beam (1).
A sorting test platform system, characterized in that it includes a frame (24), a seed box (26), a seed introduction pipe (17), a distributor (18), a seed mixing pipe (19), a seed delivery device, a Venturi Li premixer (22), seed metering device (23) and one or more described seeding measuring devices of any one of claims 1 to 5, Venturi premixer (22) top is connected with seed mixing pipe (19) lower end , the lower part of the Venturi premixer (22) is connected to the seed delivery device, the distributor (18) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the seed mixing pipe (19), and a plurality of seed outlets are evenly distributed on the distributor (18), and the seed outlets pass through the guide The seed pipe (17) is connected with the seed metering device (25).
The seed metering test platform system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the seed meter (23) includes a housing (2303), a seed metering assembly and a seed amount adjustment assembly, wherein:

One end of the housing (2303) is connected to the seed box (26), and the other end is connected to the Venturi premixer (22);

The seeding assembly includes a seeding motor (2311), a seeding shaft (2315), a driving wheel (2302), a driven wheel (2301), an outer groove wheel (2317) and a stirring shaft (2318), and one end of the seeding shaft (2315) It is connected with the seeding motor (2311), the other end of the seeding shaft (2315) is connected with the driving wheel (2302), the driven wheel (2301) is meshed with the driving wheel (2302), and the driven wheel (2301) is connected with the stirring shaft (2318) Fixed connection, the stirring shaft (2318) is evenly distributed with spirally distributed stirring teeth;

The seed discharge adjustment assembly includes a blocking motor (2310), a blocking sleeve (2306), a screw (2305) and a screw bearing (2307), the blocking sleeve (2306) is engaged with the outer sheave (2317), and the blocking sleeve (2306 ) is fixedly connected with the screw bearing (2307), the blocking motor (2310) drives the screw (2305) to rotate, the screw bearing (2307) reciprocates along the screw (2305), and drives the blocking sleeve (2306) along the outer groove Wheel (2317) does reciprocating linear motion.
According to the described seed testing platform system of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the seed delivery device includes a fan motor (21) and a fan (20) connected to the fan motor (21), and the fan (20) air outlet is connected to the Venturi premixer Device (22) bottom, blower fan (20) is fixedly connected with frame (24).
A method for detecting the quality of seeding by using a seeding test platform system, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

S1. put seeds in the seed box (26);

S2. The seed delivery device starts, and the seeds enter the Venturi premixer (22) and the airflow generated by the fan (20) after being mixed with the seed meter (23) and then enter the seed mixing pipe (19);

Seed metering device (23) seed volume adjustment process is as follows: by adjusting the forward rotation and reverse rotation of blocking motor (2310), the lead screw (2305) can be driven to rotate, and the lead screw bearing (2307) reciprocates along the lead screw (2305). , the lead screw bearing (2307) drives the blocking sleeve (2306) to do reciprocating linear motion along the outer sheave (2317), the working length of the sheave of the outer sheave (2317) can be adjusted, and the preliminary adjustment of the seeding amount can be realized; the seeding motor can be adjusted (2311) to change the working speed of the outer sheave (2317) to further adjust the amount of seed;

S3. Seeds from the seed mixing pipe (19) enter the distributor (18) and enter the seed metering device (25) through the seed guide pipe (17);

S4. The control system detects the amount of seeds in a single grid, wherein the control system includes a controller and a liquid crystal screen, and the controller is connected with a speed sensor, a position sensor, a seeding motor, a blocking motor, a motor and a weighing device (12) respectively, The speed sensor is arranged on the motor (9), and the position sensor is arranged on the conveyor belt.