WO2023007589A1 - Structure and structure diagnosis method - Google Patents

Structure and structure diagnosis method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023007589A1
WO2023007589A1 PCT/JP2021/027761 JP2021027761W WO2023007589A1 WO 2023007589 A1 WO2023007589 A1 WO 2023007589A1 JP 2021027761 W JP2021027761 W JP 2021027761W WO 2023007589 A1 WO2023007589 A1 WO 2023007589A1
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Prior art keywords
water
lining
porous body
fluid
hole
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PCT/JP2021/027761
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
聡 篠崎
安弘 松本
潤一郎 玉松
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日本電信電話株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2021/027761 priority Critical patent/WO2023007589A1/en
Priority to JP2023537792A priority patent/JPWO2023007589A1/ja
Publication of WO2023007589A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023007589A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a structure and a method of diagnosing the structure.
  • Patent Document 1 prevents water outside the tunnel from flowing into the tunnel.
  • the dam also prevents the water that resides inside from flowing out to the outside.
  • the present disclosure provides a structure and a method of diagnosing the structure that can prevent the structure from being destroyed by suppressing the local concentration of fluid pressure when the structure deteriorates. for the purpose.
  • a structure includes a tubular first lining, a porous body extending along at least a portion of the inside of the first lining and permeable with a fluid, and an inner side of the porous body. a tubular second lining disposed in the .
  • a structure according to one embodiment is a structure comprising a wall that blocks water and a porous body that extends from an opening through the wall to a water outlet and through which the water permeates, wherein the porous The opening of the mass is positioned above the normal water level.
  • a method for diagnosing a structure includes a tubular first lining, a porous body extending along at least a portion of the inner side of the first lining and permeable with a fluid, and A structure comprising: a tubular second lining disposed inside a body; and a sensor for detecting that the fluid has passed through the second lining and through a through-hole reaching the porous body.
  • a method of diagnosis comprising using the sensor to determine if the fluid has flowed through the through-hole.
  • a structure and a structure diagnostic method that can prevent the structure from being destroyed by suppressing the local concentration of fluid pressure when the structure deteriorates. can provide.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a structure according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of a modification of the structure according to the first embodiment
  • Figure 3 shows a side perspective view of the structure of Figure 2
  • 3 is a flow chart showing an example of a diagnostic method for the structure 200 shown in FIG. 2
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a structure according to a second embodiment
  • the front view of the structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is shown.
  • Fig. 4 shows a perspective view from above of a structure according to a second embodiment;
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a structure according to a third embodiment;
  • the front view of the structure which concerns on 3rd Embodiment is shown.
  • Fig. 3 shows a perspective view from above of a structure according to a third embodiment; Shows a conventional tunnel. Shows a conventional tunnel. Shows a conventional tunnel. Shows a conventional tunnel. Shows
  • the lining material (secondary lining material) 730 on the tunnel inner space side is generally made of a material such as concrete.
  • the lining material 710 on the soil 1000 side prevents the fluid 1100 from flowing into the tunnel 700 .
  • the lining material 730 on the inner space side of the tunnel is directly affected by stagnant water and the like. This causes cracks in the lining material 730 on the tunnel inner space side, as described in Reference 1 below, and gaps such as seams between the lining materials 710 and 730 as shown in FIG. 7C. water flows into the As cracks and water inflow progress further, as shown in FIG. 7D, the lining material 730 on the side of the inner space of the tunnel collapses and the collapsed pieces 740 fall, or the road collapses due to large-scale flooding and sediment inflow. etc. [Reference 1] "Tunnel Library No.
  • the lining material 730 on the inner space side of the tunnel is generally opaque, the state of deterioration and soundness of the lining material 710 on the side of the soil 1000 can be quickly and easily confirmed by remote diagnosis such as visual inspection of the exterior. It was difficult.
  • the purpose of the structure according to the first embodiment is to provide a structure that allows quick and easy confirmation of the state of deterioration and soundness of the lining material.
  • a structure 100 such as a tunnel, underpass, or the like, includes a tubular first lining 110 and a porous body 120 extending along the entire inside of the first lining 110 and permeable by a fluid. , a tubular second lining 130 disposed inside the porous body 120 .
  • a through-hole 140 is also formed that penetrates through the first lining 110 to reach the porous body 120 and extends in the axial direction of the structure 100 (the direction orthogonal to the plane of FIG. 1).
  • the first lining 110 shown in FIG. 1 is cylindrical.
  • the shape of the first lining 110 can also be rectangular, elliptical, or the like. The same applies to the shapes of the porous body 120 and the second lining 130 described below.
  • First lining 110 prevents fluid 1100 from flowing into structure 100 .
  • the first lining 110 can be metal.
  • the first lining 110 is provided to prevent the excavated portion from collapsing while the shield machine is digging the soil 1000 . Also, the first lining 110 can be assembled from segments.
  • the porous body 120 may extend along at least part of the inside of the first lining 110 .
  • the porous body 120 extends from the top to the bottom of the structure 100 on the side of the structure 100 where the through holes 140 are provided (the right side in FIG. 1).
  • the porous body 120 is preferably made of porous concrete, pumice stone, or the like from the viewpoint of strength.
  • the porous body 120 may be sponge, zeolite, porous ceramics, porous glass, porous fiber, foam, urethane rubber, plastic foam, or the like.
  • the thickness of the porous body 120 is, for example, several mm to several cm, but is not limited to this range.
  • the porous body 120 is sprayed inside the first lining 110 .
  • the porous body 120 can also be attached inside the first lining 110 as a panel.
  • the second lining 130 can be concrete.
  • the first lining 110 and the second lining 130 can also be constructed of the same material.
  • a through hole 140 is formed in the lower part of the structure 100, on the right side of FIG.
  • Other arrangements of through-holes are possible, for example through-holes 140 can be formed on each of the left and right sides of FIG.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the through hole 140 can be circular, for example.
  • the through hole 140 can be formed by a drill or the like.
  • the structure 100 includes a trackbed 150.
  • a worker can walk on the track bed 150 .
  • Goods and the like can also be transported on the track bed 150 .
  • Track bed 150 may be concrete.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a structure 200 that is a modification of the structure 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • Structure 200 has a configuration similar to structure 100 . Therefore, the configuration of the structure 200 that is different from that of the structure 100 will be described, and the description of the configuration of the structure 100 will be omitted.
  • the structure 200 further includes a channel 260 for receiving a fluid 1100 such as groundwater flowing out from the through hole 140 and flowing it to a water tank or the like. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the outlet of the through hole 140 is provided with a flowmeter 270 as a sensor, for example.
  • the flow paths 260 are formed on both sides of the track bed 150 on the inner surface of the lower portion of the secondary lining 130 .
  • the through-hole 140 extends in the axial direction of the structure 100 (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2) and communicates with the water tank.
  • a fluid 1100 such as groundwater existing outside the structure 200 begins to flow into the first lining 110 from the deteriorated location.
  • the fluid 1100 flows into the porous body 120 .
  • the fluid 1100 permeates a wide range of the porous body 120 because the porous body 120 has air bubbles and pores. Therefore, the hydraulic pressure of the fluid 1100 is dispersed and relieved, which can prevent the concentration of stress on the second lining 130 . As a result, deterioration of the second lining 130 can be prevented.
  • the behavior of the structure 200 has been described so far, the structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 also exhibits the same behavior.
  • the flowmeter 270 measures the flow rate of the fluid 1100 flowing through the through hole 140 .
  • the channel 260 then flows in the direction of extension of the structure 200, ie, in the axial direction of the structure 200, and flows into the reservoir.
  • the state of deterioration and soundness of the first lining 110 can be confirmed. Specifically, when the flow meter 270 detects that the fluid 1100 has flowed through the through hole 140, it can be estimated that the first lining 110 has deteriorated. Also, when the flow meter 270 measures a large flow rate, it can be assumed that the first lining 110 is severely deteriorated. Also, a water level gauge may be provided in the flow path 260 instead of or together with the flow meter 270 to make a similar estimation.
  • a worker can visually check the through-hole 140 and the flow path 260 to confirm the state of deterioration and soundness of the first lining 110 .
  • An energization meter may be provided at the exit of the through-hole 140 or the like to detect the flow of the fluid 1100 by energization.
  • the water quality such as turbidity of the fluid 1100 flowing through the through-hole 140
  • polluted water can be identified by providing a colorimeter or a turbidity meter at the outlet of the through-hole 140 or the like.
  • a water quality meter for analyzing the concentration of dissolved ions can also be provided at the outlet of the through-hole 140 or the like.
  • partitions 310 that block permeation of fluid 1100 through porous body 120 are spaced apart in the axial direction of structure 100 .
  • the partition 310 can be formed, for example, by plugging the ends of the porous bodies 120 adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the structure 200 before connecting the porous bodies 120 to each other.
  • the partition 310 By providing the partition 310, the range in which the fluid 1100 permeates the porous body 120 can be limited. As a result, when the fluid 1100 flows through a portion of the through-hole 140, it can be identified that the first lining 110 has deteriorated in the vicinity of the portion. Furthermore, by providing the flow meter 270 for each area partitioned by the partition 310, it is possible to more easily identify the deteriorated portion.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of a diagnostic method for the structure 200 shown in FIG.
  • step S41 referring to FIG. 2, the flow rate of fluid 1100 flowing through through-hole 140 is measured by flow meter 270 as a sensor.
  • step S42 it is determined whether the fluid 1100 has flowed through the through hole 140. For example, it is determined that the fluid 1100 has flowed through the through-hole 140 when the measured value of the flow meter 270 or water level meter is equal to or greater than a certain threshold. In this case, go to step 43 . On the other hand, if it is determined that the fluid 1100 is not flowing through the through hole 140, the process returns to step 41.
  • step S43 an alarm is issued that the structure 200 needs to be repaired.
  • an alarm can be notified by sounding a buzzer or lighting a lamp.
  • step S44 the worker receives the warning and repairs the structure 200.
  • the operator exposes the vicinity of the deteriorated portion of the first lining 110 by removing the second lining 130 and the porous body 120 covering the inner side thereof. The worker can then repair the deteriorated portion.
  • the purpose of the structure according to the second embodiment is to provide a structure that can discharge water at an appropriate flow rate before the water level reaches the dangerous water level.
  • a structure 500 such as a dam includes a wall 510 that blocks water 1200 and a porous wall that extends from a water intake portion 520i to a water outlet portion 530 through the wall 510 and permeates the water 1200.
  • the wall 510 is, for example, concrete.
  • the height of the wall 510 is higher than the danger water level.
  • the porous body 520 has a water intake portion 520i extending in the width direction of the structure 500 facing the water 1200, communicates with the water intake portion 520i near both ends in the width direction of the structure 500, and is inclined downward with respect to the horizontal direction. and an intermediate portion 520m extending along the The intermediate portion 520m opens on the opposite side of the water 1200 and communicates with the water outlet portion 530 which is a cavity.
  • the water intake portion 520i of the porous body 520 is arranged at a position higher than the normal water level (hereinafter referred to as "normal water level").
  • the water outlet 530 is arranged at a position lower than the normal water level.
  • the water 1200 When the water level of the water 1200 is below the lower edge of the water intake portion 520i (this water level is hereinafter referred to as the "caution water level"), the water 1200 does not flow into the porous body 520.
  • the water 1200 inside the structure 500 flows into the porous body 520 from the water intake section 520i.
  • the water 1200 that has flowed in penetrates widely into the porous body 520 and is discharged to the outside of the structure 500 from the water outlet 530 .
  • the water 1200 can flow from the water intake section 520i to the water discharge section 530 without applying a large water pressure to the wall 510 .
  • the permeation speed of water 1200 into porous body 520 is limited to a predetermined range, water 1200 can be prevented from being suddenly discharged from water outlet 530 .
  • the upper edge of the water intake portion 520i is arranged at the same height as the dangerous water level.
  • the amount of water 1200 flowing into the water intake portion 520i is constant regardless of the water level. This prevents excessive water pressure from being applied to the wall 510 when the water 1200 flows from the water intake portion 520i to the water discharge portion 530 .
  • Structure 600 has a configuration similar to structure 500 . Therefore, the configuration of the structure 500 that is different from that of the structure 500 will be described, and the description of the configuration of the structure 500 will be omitted.
  • a structure 600 such as a weir includes a cavity 620 arranged below the porous body 520 .
  • the hollow portion 620 includes a water intake portion 620i that faces the water 1200 and extends in the width direction of the structure 600, and an intermediate portion that communicates with the water intake portion 620i near both ends in the width direction of the structure 600 and extends obliquely downward from the horizontal direction. It includes a portion 620m and a water outlet portion 620?, which is a hollow portion that communicates with the intermediate portion 620m and faces away from the water 1200.
  • a water intake portion 620i of the hollow portion 620 is normally arranged at a position below the water level. In this embodiment, the upper edge of water intake 620i is substantially level with the normal water level. The water outlet 620? is arranged at a position lower than the normal water level.
  • the water outlet portion 520' of the porous body 520 is connected to the water outlet portion 620' of the hollow portion 620.
  • the water 1200 When the water level of the water 1200 is below the lower edge of the water intake section 620i (this water level is hereinafter referred to as the "low water level"), the water 1200 does not flow into the hollow section 620.
  • the water 1200 inside the structure 600 flows into the hollow section 620 from the water intake section 620i.
  • the water 1200 that has flowed in is discharged out of the cavity 620 from the water outlet 620'.
  • the water level is higher than the low water level and below the upper edge of the water intake section 620i, the amount of water 1200 flowing into the water intake section 620i increases as the water level increases. Therefore, the water level of the water 1200 can be quickly lowered.
  • the amount of water 1200 flowing into the water intake section 620i is constant regardless of the water level. As a result, it is possible to prevent excessive water pressure from being applied to the wall 510 when the water 1200 flows from the water intake portion 620i to the water discharge portion 620'.
  • the water 1200 inside the structure 600 flows into the porous body 520 from the water intake section 520i.
  • the water 1200 that has flowed in penetrates widely into the porous body 520 and is discharged to the outside of the structure 600 from the water outlet 620'.
  • ballast 200 structure 110 first lining 120 porous body 1200 water 130 second lining 140 through hole 150 ballast 200 structure 260 channel 310 partition 500 structure 510 wall 520 porous body 520i water intake section 520o water outlet section 530 water outlet section 600 structure 620 water outlet 620 cavity 620i water intake 1000 soil 1100 fluid

Abstract

Provided is a structure (100; 200) comprising: a tubular first lining (110); a porous body (120) which extends along at least a section of the inside of the first lining (110), and into which a liquid (1100) permeates; and a tubular second lining (130) that is disposed on the inner side of the porous body (120).

Description

構造物及び構造物の診断方法Structures and diagnostic methods for structures
　本開示は、構造物及び構造物の診断方法に関するものである。 The present disclosure relates to a structure and a method of diagnosing the structure.
　一方側から他方側へ流体が移動することを少なくとも部分的に妨げる構造物が知られている。例えば特許文献１に例示するトンネルは、トンネル外部の水がトンネル内部に流入することを防ぐ。また、ダムは、内側に存在する水が外側に流出することを防ぐ。 Structures are known that at least partially impede the movement of fluid from one side to the other. For example, the tunnel illustrated in Patent Document 1 prevents water outside the tunnel from flowing into the tunnel. The dam also prevents the water that resides inside from flowing out to the outside.
　しかしながら、構造物が劣化した場合、流体の内部への流入又は外側への流出を完全に防ぐことができず、流体の圧力が構造物の局所に集中することにより構造物が破壊するおそれがある。 However, if the structure deteriorates, it is not possible to completely prevent the inflow of the fluid into the interior or the outflow of the fluid to the outside, and there is a risk that the structure will be destroyed due to the local concentration of the fluid pressure. .
　本開示は、構造物が劣化した場合に流体の圧力が構造物の局所に集中することを抑制し、構造物の破壊を未然に防ぐことが可能な構造物及び構造物の診断方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present disclosure provides a structure and a method of diagnosing the structure that can prevent the structure from being destroyed by suppressing the local concentration of fluid pressure when the structure deteriorates. for the purpose.
　一実施形態に係る構造物は、管状の第１覆工と、前記第１覆工の内側の少なくとも一部に沿って延在し、流体が浸透する多孔質体と、前記多孔質体の内側に配置される管状の第２覆工と、を含む。 A structure according to one embodiment includes a tubular first lining, a porous body extending along at least a portion of the inside of the first lining and permeable with a fluid, and an inner side of the porous body. a tubular second lining disposed in the .
　一実施形態に係る構造物は、水を遮る壁と、開口部から前記壁を通って出水口まで延在するとともに、前記水が浸透する多孔質体と、を備える構造物であり、前記多孔質体の前記開口部が通常の水位よりも高い位置に配置される。 A structure according to one embodiment is a structure comprising a wall that blocks water and a porous body that extends from an opening through the wall to a water outlet and through which the water permeates, wherein the porous The opening of the mass is positioned above the normal water level.
　一実施形態に係る構造物の診断方法は、管状の第１覆工と、前記第１覆工の内側の少なくとも一部に沿って延在し、流体が浸透する多孔質体と、前記多孔質体の内側に配置される管状の第２覆工と、前記流体が、前記第２覆工を貫通して前記多孔質に達する貫通孔を流れたことを検出するセンサと、を含む構造物の診断方法であり、前記センサを用いて、前記流体が前記貫通孔を流れたか判定するステップを含む。 A method for diagnosing a structure according to one embodiment includes a tubular first lining, a porous body extending along at least a portion of the inner side of the first lining and permeable with a fluid, and A structure comprising: a tubular second lining disposed inside a body; and a sensor for detecting that the fluid has passed through the second lining and through a through-hole reaching the porous body. A method of diagnosis comprising using the sensor to determine if the fluid has flowed through the through-hole.
　本開示によれば、構造物が劣化した場合に流体の圧力が構造物の局所に集中することを抑制し、構造物の破壊を未然に防ぐことが可能な構造物及び構造物の診断方法を提供することができる。 According to the present disclosure, there is provided a structure and a structure diagnostic method that can prevent the structure from being destroyed by suppressing the local concentration of fluid pressure when the structure deteriorates. can provide.
第１実施形態に係る構造物の断面図を示す。1 shows a sectional view of a structure according to a first embodiment; FIG. 第１実施形態に係る構造物の変形例の断面図を示す。Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of a modification of the structure according to the first embodiment; 図２の構造物の側面透視図を示す。Figure 3 shows a side perspective view of the structure of Figure 2; 図２に示す構造体２００の診断方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。3 is a flow chart showing an example of a diagnostic method for the structure 200 shown in FIG. 2; 第２実施形態に係る構造物の横断面図を示す。Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a structure according to a second embodiment; 第２実施形態に係る構造物の正面図を示す。The front view of the structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is shown. 第２実施形態に係る構造物の上方からの透視図を示す。Fig. 4 shows a perspective view from above of a structure according to a second embodiment; 第３実施形態に係る構造物の横断面図を示す。Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a structure according to a third embodiment; 第３実施形態に係る構造物の正面図を示す。The front view of the structure which concerns on 3rd Embodiment is shown. 第３実施形態に係る構造物の上方からの透視図を示す。Fig. 3 shows a perspective view from above of a structure according to a third embodiment; 従来のトンネルを示す。Shows a conventional tunnel. 従来のトンネルを示す。Shows a conventional tunnel. 従来のトンネルを示す。Shows a conventional tunnel. 従来のトンネルを示す。Shows a conventional tunnel.
（トンネル）
　非特許文献１に記載され図７Ａに示す従来のトンネル７００では、土壌１０００側の覆工材（一次覆工材）７１０に、腐食等で劣化する可能性のある金属等の材料を使用している。また、トンネル内空間側の覆工材（二次覆工材）７３０は一般にコンクリート等の材料を使用している。土壌１０００側の覆工材７１０は、流体１１００がトンネル７００の内部に流入することを妨げる。 (tunnel)
In the conventional tunnel 700 described in Non-Patent Document 1 and shown in FIG. there is Also, the lining material (secondary lining material) 730 on the tunnel inner space side is generally made of a material such as concrete. The lining material 710 on the soil 1000 side prevents the fluid 1100 from flowing into the tunnel 700 .
　このような構造物の場合、図７Ｂに示すように、土壌１０００側の覆工材７１０が腐食等で劣化すると、土壌１０００側の覆工材７１０の内側に地下水等の流体１１００や土砂が流入する。 In the case of such a structure, as shown in FIG. 7B, when the lining material 710 on the side of the soil 1000 deteriorates due to corrosion or the like, a fluid 1100 such as groundwater or earth and sand flow into the inside of the lining material 710 on the side of the soil 1000. do.
　トンネル内空間側の覆工材７３０の劣化が進行すると、滞留水等の影響をトンネル内空間側の覆工材７３０が直接受けることになる。これにより、下記の参考文献１に記載されるように、トンネル内空間側の覆工材７３０にひび割れが生じたり、図７Ｃに示すように、覆工材７１０及び７３０の間の継ぎ目等の隙間に水が流入したりする。ひび割れや水の流入がさらに進行すると、図７Ｄに示すように、トンネル内空間側の覆工材７３０が崩落し崩落片７４０が落下したり、大規模出水及び土砂流入により道路が陥没したりするなどのおそれがある。
［参考文献１］「トンネル・ライブラリー　第30号」、土木学会、平成31年1月15日第１版・第１刷発行、p126 表-3.3.5　トンネル補修・補強技術の種類と変遷　１山岳トンネル（鉄道・道路）／矢板工法　NATM（その3）の漏水対策の欄 As the deterioration of the lining material 730 on the inner space side of the tunnel progresses, the lining material 730 on the inner space side of the tunnel is directly affected by stagnant water and the like. This causes cracks in the lining material 730 on the tunnel inner space side, as described in Reference 1 below, and gaps such as seams between the lining materials 710 and 730 as shown in FIG. 7C. water flows into the As cracks and water inflow progress further, as shown in FIG. 7D, the lining material 730 on the side of the inner space of the tunnel collapses and the collapsed pieces 740 fall, or the road collapses due to large-scale flooding and sediment inflow. etc.
[Reference 1] "Tunnel Library No. 30", Japan Society of Civil Engineers, January 15, 2019, 1st edition, 1st printing, p126 Table-3.3.5 Types and transitions of tunnel repair and reinforcement technologies 1 Mountain Tunnel (Railway/Road)/ Sheet pile method NATM (Part 3) Leakage countermeasure column
　トンネル内空間側の覆工材７３０は一般的に不透明であるため、外観を目視する等の遠隔診断によって、土壌１０００側の覆工材７１０の劣化状況や健全性を、速やか且つ簡便に確認することが難しかった。 Since the lining material 730 on the inner space side of the tunnel is generally opaque, the state of deterioration and soundness of the lining material 710 on the side of the soil 1000 can be quickly and easily confirmed by remote diagnosis such as visual inspection of the exterior. It was difficult.
　第１実施形態に係る構造物は、覆工材の劣化状況や健全性を、速やか且つ簡便に確認することが可能な構造物を提供することを目的とする。 The purpose of the structure according to the first embodiment is to provide a structure that allows quick and easy confirmation of the state of deterioration and soundness of the lining material.
　以下、本開示の一実施形態に係る構造物について説明する。 A structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below.
　図１に示すように、トンネル、地下道等の構造物１００は、管状の第１覆工１１０と、第１覆工１１０の内側全体に沿って延在し、流体が浸透する多孔質体１２０と、多孔質体１２０の内側に配置される管状の第２覆工１３０と、を含む。また、第１覆工１１０を貫通して多孔質体１２０に達するとともに、構造物１００の軸方向（図１の紙面に直交する方向）に延びる貫通孔１４０が形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, a structure 100 such as a tunnel, underpass, or the like, includes a tubular first lining 110 and a porous body 120 extending along the entire inside of the first lining 110 and permeable by a fluid. , a tubular second lining 130 disposed inside the porous body 120 . A through-hole 140 is also formed that penetrates through the first lining 110 to reach the porous body 120 and extends in the axial direction of the structure 100 (the direction orthogonal to the plane of FIG. 1).
　図１に示す第１覆工１１０は円筒形である。第１覆工１１０の形状を矩形状、楕円形状等とすることもできる。以下述べる多孔質体１２０及び第２覆工１３０の形状も同様である。第１覆工１１０は流体１１００が構造物１００の内部に流入することを妨げる。第１覆工１１０を金属とすることができる。 The first lining 110 shown in FIG. 1 is cylindrical. The shape of the first lining 110 can also be rectangular, elliptical, or the like. The same applies to the shapes of the porous body 120 and the second lining 130 described below. First lining 110 prevents fluid 1100 from flowing into structure 100 . The first lining 110 can be metal.
　本実施形態では、シールドマシンで土壌１０００を掘りながら、掘った部分が崩れないように第１覆工１１０が設けられる。また第１覆工１１０をセグメントから組み立てることができる。 In this embodiment, the first lining 110 is provided to prevent the excavated portion from collapsing while the shield machine is digging the soil 1000 . Also, the first lining 110 can be assembled from segments.
　多孔質体１２０には気泡や空孔が存在する。多孔質体１２０は第１覆工１１０の内側の少なくとも一部に沿って延在していればよい。例えば他の実施形態では、多孔質体１２０は、構造物１００の貫通孔１４０が設けられている側（図１の右側）に、構造物１００の上部から下部まで延在する。多孔質体１２０は、ポーラスコンクリート、軽石等とすることが、強度の点から好ましい。多孔質体１２０をスポンジ、ゼオライト、多孔質セラミックス、多孔質ガラス、多孔質繊維、発泡体、ウレタンゴム、プラスチックフォーム等としてもよい。多孔質体１２０の厚さは例えば数ｍｍから数ｃｍであるが、この範囲に限定されるものではない。 Bubbles and voids exist in the porous body 120 . The porous body 120 may extend along at least part of the inside of the first lining 110 . For example, in another embodiment, the porous body 120 extends from the top to the bottom of the structure 100 on the side of the structure 100 where the through holes 140 are provided (the right side in FIG. 1). The porous body 120 is preferably made of porous concrete, pumice stone, or the like from the viewpoint of strength. The porous body 120 may be sponge, zeolite, porous ceramics, porous glass, porous fiber, foam, urethane rubber, plastic foam, or the like. The thickness of the porous body 120 is, for example, several mm to several cm, but is not limited to this range.
　多孔質体１２０が、第１覆工１１０の内側に吹き付けられる。多孔質体１２０をパネルとして第１覆工１１０の内側に取り付けることもできる。 The porous body 120 is sprayed inside the first lining 110 . The porous body 120 can also be attached inside the first lining 110 as a panel.
　第２覆工１３０はコンクリートとすることができる。第１覆工１１０と第２覆工１３０とを同じ材料で構成することもできる。 The second lining 130 can be concrete. The first lining 110 and the second lining 130 can also be constructed of the same material.
　貫通孔１４０が、構造物１００の下部の、図１の右側に形成されている。貫通孔の他の配置も可能であり、例えば貫通孔１４０を図１の左右両側それぞれに形成することもできる。貫通孔１４０の断面形状は例えば円形状とすることができる。貫通孔１４０を、ドリル等で形成することができる。 A through hole 140 is formed in the lower part of the structure 100, on the right side of FIG. Other arrangements of through-holes are possible, for example through-holes 140 can be formed on each of the left and right sides of FIG. The cross-sectional shape of the through hole 140 can be circular, for example. The through hole 140 can be formed by a drill or the like.
　構造物１００は道床１５０を含む。作業者は道床１５０の上を歩くことができる。物資等を道床１５０上で運搬することもできる。道床１５０はコンクリートとすることができる。 The structure 100 includes a trackbed 150. A worker can walk on the track bed 150 . Goods and the like can also be transported on the track bed 150 . Track bed 150 may be concrete.
　図２は、第１実施形態に係る構造物１００の変形例である構造物２００の断面図を示す。構造物２００は、構造物１００に類似する構成を有する。そのため、構造物２００における、構造物１００とは異なる構成について説明し、構造物１００について説明した構成の説明は省略する。 FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a structure 200 that is a modification of the structure 100 according to the first embodiment. Structure 200 has a configuration similar to structure 100 . Therefore, the configuration of the structure 200 that is different from that of the structure 100 will be described, and the description of the configuration of the structure 100 will be omitted.
　構造物２００は、貫通孔１４０から流出する、地下水等の流体１１００を受けて貯水槽等に流す流路２６０を更に備える。また、図２に示すように、貫通孔１４０の出口には、例えばセンサとしての流量計２７０が設けられる。 The structure 200 further includes a channel 260 for receiving a fluid 1100 such as groundwater flowing out from the through hole 140 and flowing it to a water tank or the like. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the outlet of the through hole 140 is provided with a flowmeter 270 as a sensor, for example.
　本実施形態では、流路２６０は、二次覆工１３０の下部の内面上の、道床１５０の両側に形成される。貫通孔１４０は、図３に示すように構造物１００の軸方向（図２の紙面に直交する方向）に延びて、貯水槽に連通する。 In this embodiment, the flow paths 260 are formed on both sides of the track bed 150 on the inner surface of the lower portion of the secondary lining 130 . As shown in FIG. 3, the through-hole 140 extends in the axial direction of the structure 100 (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2) and communicates with the water tank.
　以下、図２及び３を参照して、構造物２００の第１覆工１１０が劣化した場合の挙動について説明する。 Behavior when the first lining 110 of the structure 200 deteriorates will be described below with reference to FIGS.
　第１覆工１１０が劣化（ひび割れ等）すると、劣化箇所から、構造物２００の外側に存在する地下水等の流体１１００が第１覆工１１０に流入し始める。 When the first lining 110 deteriorates (cracks, etc.), a fluid 1100 such as groundwater existing outside the structure 200 begins to flow into the first lining 110 from the deteriorated location.
　劣化が多孔質体１２０まで進展すると、流体１１００は多孔質体１２０に流入する。この際に、多孔質体１２０には気泡や空孔が存在するため、流体１１００は多孔質体１２０の広範囲に浸透する。そのため、流体１１００の水圧が分散緩和され、第２覆工１３０で応力が集中することを妨げ得る。その結果、第２覆工１３０が劣化することを防止できる。なお、ここまで構造物２００の挙動について説明したが、図１に示す構造物１００でも同様の挙動を示す。 When deterioration progresses to the porous body 120 , the fluid 1100 flows into the porous body 120 . At this time, the fluid 1100 permeates a wide range of the porous body 120 because the porous body 120 has air bubbles and pores. Therefore, the hydraulic pressure of the fluid 1100 is dispersed and relieved, which can prevent the concentration of stress on the second lining 130 . As a result, deterioration of the second lining 130 can be prevented. Although the behavior of the structure 200 has been described so far, the structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 also exhibits the same behavior.
　流体１１００が多孔質体１２０に更に流入すると、図２及び図３に示すように、流体１１００は、多孔質体１２０を通って貫通孔１４０に達し、その後流路２６０まで流れる。この際に、流量計２７０は、貫通孔１４０を流れる流体１１００の流量を測定する。流路２６０はその後、構造物２００の延在方向、すなわち構造物２００の軸方向に流れ、貯水槽に流入する。 When the fluid 1100 further flows into the porous body 120, as shown in FIGS. At this time, the flowmeter 270 measures the flow rate of the fluid 1100 flowing through the through hole 140 . The channel 260 then flows in the direction of extension of the structure 200, ie, in the axial direction of the structure 200, and flows into the reservoir.
　このように流体１１００が貯水槽まで流れることで、流体１１００が、構造物２００の第１覆工１１０、多孔質体１２０又は第２覆工１３０に留まることを防止できる。その結果、これら部材に大きな負荷が加わることを防止できる。 By allowing the fluid 1100 to flow to the water tank in this way, it is possible to prevent the fluid 1100 from remaining on the first lining 110, the porous body 120, or the second lining 130 of the structure 200. As a result, it is possible to prevent a large load from being applied to these members.
　また、流量計２７０が貫通孔１４０を流れる流体１１００の流量を測定することで、第１覆工１１０の劣化状況や健全性を確認することができる。具体的には、流体１１００が貫通孔１４０を流れたことを、流量計２７０が検出することで、第１覆工１１０が劣化していると推測できる。また、流量計２７０が大きな流量を測定した場合には、第１覆工１１０の劣化が激しいと推測できる。また、流量計２７０に代えて又はこれとともに、流路２６０に水位計を設けて同様の推測を行ってもよい。作業者が貫通孔１４０や流路２６０を目視して、第１覆工１１０の劣化状況や健全性を確認することもできる。なお、貫通孔１４０の出口等に、流体１１００が流れたことを通電により感知する通電計を設けることもできる。 Further, by measuring the flow rate of the fluid 1100 flowing through the through-hole 140 with the flow meter 270, the state of deterioration and soundness of the first lining 110 can be confirmed. Specifically, when the flow meter 270 detects that the fluid 1100 has flowed through the through hole 140, it can be estimated that the first lining 110 has deteriorated. Also, when the flow meter 270 measures a large flow rate, it can be assumed that the first lining 110 is severely deteriorated. Also, a water level gauge may be provided in the flow path 260 instead of or together with the flow meter 270 to make a similar estimation. A worker can visually check the through-hole 140 and the flow path 260 to confirm the state of deterioration and soundness of the first lining 110 . An energization meter may be provided at the exit of the through-hole 140 or the like to detect the flow of the fluid 1100 by energization.
　貫通孔１４０を流れる流体１１００の濁度等の水質を測定することで、流体１１００に土砂が混入しているか確認することができる。例えば、貫通孔１４０の出口等に、測色計又は濁度計を設けることで、汚濁した水を識別できる。流体１１００の濁度が大きい場合、貫通孔１４０まで大量の土砂が流入しており、第１覆工１１０の劣化が激しいと推測できる。また、貫通孔１４０の出口等に、溶存イオンの濃度を分析する水質計を設けることもできる。 By measuring the water quality such as turbidity of the fluid 1100 flowing through the through-hole 140, it is possible to confirm whether the fluid 1100 is contaminated with earth and sand. For example, polluted water can be identified by providing a colorimeter or a turbidity meter at the outlet of the through-hole 140 or the like. When the turbidity of the fluid 1100 is high, it can be inferred that a large amount of earth and sand has flowed into the through-hole 140 and the first lining 110 has deteriorated severely. A water quality meter for analyzing the concentration of dissolved ions can also be provided at the outlet of the through-hole 140 or the like.
　図３を参照して、多孔質体１２０における流体１１００の浸透を遮る仕切り３１０が、構造物１００の軸方向に離間して設けられている。 Referring to FIG. 3 , partitions 310 that block permeation of fluid 1100 through porous body 120 are spaced apart in the axial direction of structure 100 .
　仕切り３１０は、例えば構造物２００の軸方向に隣接する多孔質体１２０同士を接続する前に、多孔質体１２０同士の端部を塞ぐことで形成できる。 The partition 310 can be formed, for example, by plugging the ends of the porous bodies 120 adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the structure 200 before connecting the porous bodies 120 to each other.
　仕切り３１０を設けることで、流体１１００が多孔質体１２０に浸透する範囲を限定できる。これにより、貫通孔１４０のある部分に流体１１００が流れた場合、当該部分付近で第１覆工１１０が劣化していると特定できる。さらに、流量計２７０を仕切り３１０で区画された領域ごとに設けることで、劣化部分の特定をより容易にすることができる。 By providing the partition 310, the range in which the fluid 1100 permeates the porous body 120 can be limited. As a result, when the fluid 1100 flows through a portion of the through-hole 140, it can be identified that the first lining 110 has deteriorated in the vicinity of the portion. Furthermore, by providing the flow meter 270 for each area partitioned by the partition 310, it is possible to more easily identify the deteriorated portion.
（診断方法）
　次に、一実施形態に係る構造物の診断方法について説明する。図４は、図２に示す構造物２００の診断方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。 (Diagnostic method)
Next, a method for diagnosing a structure according to one embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of a diagnostic method for the structure 200 shown in FIG.
　ステップＳ４１において、図２を参照して、センサとしての流量計２７０により、貫通孔１４０を流れる流体１１００の流量を測定する。 In step S41, referring to FIG. 2, the flow rate of fluid 1100 flowing through through-hole 140 is measured by flow meter 270 as a sensor.
　ステップＳ４２において、流体１１００が貫通孔１４０を流れたか判定する。例えば、流量計２７０や水位計の測定値が、ある閾値以上であるときに、流体１１００が貫通孔１４０を流れたと判定する。この場合に、ステップ４３に進む。一方、流体１１００が貫通孔１４０を流れていないと判定した場合、ステップ４１に戻る。 In step S42, it is determined whether the fluid 1100 has flowed through the through hole 140. For example, it is determined that the fluid 1100 has flowed through the through-hole 140 when the measured value of the flow meter 270 or water level meter is equal to or greater than a certain threshold. In this case, go to step 43 . On the other hand, if it is determined that the fluid 1100 is not flowing through the through hole 140, the process returns to step 41.
　流体１１００が貫通孔１４０を流れている場合、第１覆工１１０が劣化していると推測できる。そのため、ステップＳ４３において、構造物２００の補修が必要であるとの警報を通知する。例えば、ブザーを鳴らしたり、ランプを点灯させたりすることで、警報を通知できる。 When the fluid 1100 flows through the through-hole 140, it can be assumed that the first lining 110 has deteriorated. Therefore, in step S43, an alarm is issued that the structure 200 needs to be repaired. For example, an alarm can be notified by sounding a buzzer or lighting a lamp.
　ここで、センサが複数設けられている場合には、どのセンサを用いて流体１１００が貫通孔１４０を流れたと判定したか通知することもできる。これにより、第１覆工１１０の劣化箇所の特定を容易にすることができる。 Here, if a plurality of sensors are provided, it is also possible to notify which sensor was used to determine that the fluid 1100 flowed through the through hole 140 . This makes it easier to identify the deteriorated location of the first lining 110 .
　ステップＳ４４において、作業者は、警報を受けて、構造物２００を補修する。例えば作業者は、第１覆工１１０の劣化箇所付近を、その内側を覆う第２覆工１３０及び多孔質体１２０を除去することで露出させる。その後作業者は、劣化箇所を補修できる。 In step S44, the worker receives the warning and repairs the structure 200. For example, the operator exposes the vicinity of the deteriorated portion of the first lining 110 by removing the second lining 130 and the porous body 120 covering the inner side thereof. The worker can then repair the deteriorated portion.
　以上の方法によって、構造物２００の保全管理を容易に行うことができる。 With the above method, maintenance management of the structure 200 can be easily performed.
（ダム及び堰）
　例えば大雨が降り、ダムや堰への流入量が、放流量を上回り、水位が危険水位（最大水位）に到達することが予測される場合に、放流量を流入量相当に増加させる緊急放流が行われる。この操作を行うと、下流河川の水位が高くなる恐れがある。 (dams and weirs)
For example, when it rains heavily and the amount of inflow to a dam or weir exceeds the amount of discharge, and the water level is predicted to reach the dangerous water level (maximum water level), an emergency discharge that increases the amount of discharge equivalent to the amount of inflow is performed. done. If this operation is performed, there is a risk that the water level of the downstream river will rise.
　第２実施形態に係る構造物は、水位が危険水位に到達する前に、適切な流量で放流することが可能な構造物を提供することを目的とする。 The purpose of the structure according to the second embodiment is to provide a structure that can discharge water at an appropriate flow rate before the water level reaches the dangerous water level.
　以下、本開示の第２実施形態に係る構造物について説明する。 A structure according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below.
　図５Ａ～５Ｃに示すように、ダム等の構造物５００は、水１２００を遮る壁５１０と、取水部５２０ｉから壁５１０を通って出水部５３０まで延在するとともに、水１２００が浸透する多孔質体５２０と、を備える。 As shown in FIGS. 5A-5C, a structure 500 such as a dam includes a wall 510 that blocks water 1200 and a porous wall that extends from a water intake portion 520i to a water outlet portion 530 through the wall 510 and permeates the water 1200. a body 520;
　壁５１０は、例えばコンクリートである。壁５１０の高さは、危険水位よりも高い。 The wall 510 is, for example, concrete. The height of the wall 510 is higher than the danger water level.
　多孔質体５２０は、水１２００に対向して構造物５００の幅方向に延びる取水部５２０ｉと、構造物５００の幅方向両端付近で取水部５２０ｉに連通し、水平方向に対して下向きに傾斜して延びる中間部５２０ｍと、を含む。中間部５２０ｍは、水１２００の反対側に開口し空洞である出水部５３０に連通する。多孔質体５２０の取水部５２０ｉは、通常時の水位（以下、「通常水位」と呼ぶ）よりも高い位置に配置される。出水部５３０は、通常水位よりも低い位置に配置される。 The porous body 520 has a water intake portion 520i extending in the width direction of the structure 500 facing the water 1200, communicates with the water intake portion 520i near both ends in the width direction of the structure 500, and is inclined downward with respect to the horizontal direction. and an intermediate portion 520m extending along the The intermediate portion 520m opens on the opposite side of the water 1200 and communicates with the water outlet portion 530 which is a cavity. The water intake portion 520i of the porous body 520 is arranged at a position higher than the normal water level (hereinafter referred to as "normal water level"). The water outlet 530 is arranged at a position lower than the normal water level.
　水１２００の水位が取水部５２０ｉの下縁（この水位を以下「注意水位」という）以下の場合は、水１２００は多孔質体５２０に流入しない。 When the water level of the water 1200 is below the lower edge of the water intake portion 520i (this water level is hereinafter referred to as the "caution water level"), the water 1200 does not flow into the porous body 520.
　水位が注意水位を越えると、構造物５００内の水１２００が取水部５２０ｉから多孔質体５２０に流入する。流入した水１２００は、多孔質体５２０内に広く浸透し、出水部５３０から構造物５００の外に放出される。 When the water level exceeds the caution water level, the water 1200 inside the structure 500 flows into the porous body 520 from the water intake section 520i. The water 1200 that has flowed in penetrates widely into the porous body 520 and is discharged to the outside of the structure 500 from the water outlet 530 .
　水１２００が多孔質体５２０内に広く浸透することで、水１２００は、壁５１０に大きな水圧をかけることなく取水部５２０ｉから出水部５３０まで流れることができる。また、水１２００の多孔質体５２０への浸透速度は所定の範囲に制限されるため、水１２００が急激に出水部５３０から放出されることを妨げ得る。 As the water 1200 permeates widely into the porous body 520 , the water 1200 can flow from the water intake section 520i to the water discharge section 530 without applying a large water pressure to the wall 510 . In addition, since the permeation speed of water 1200 into porous body 520 is limited to a predetermined range, water 1200 can be prevented from being suddenly discharged from water outlet 530 .
　水位が、注意水位よりも高く、かつ取水部５２０ｉの上縁よりも低い間は、水位が高くなるにつれて、水１２００の取水部５２０ｉへの流入量が増加する。そのため、早急に水１２００の水位を下げることができる。なお、本実施形態では、取水部５２０ｉの上縁は、危険水位と同じ高さに配置される。 While the water level is higher than the caution water level and lower than the upper edge of the water intake section 520i, the amount of water 1200 flowing into the water intake section 520i increases as the water level increases. Therefore, the water level of the water 1200 can be quickly lowered. In addition, in this embodiment, the upper edge of the water intake portion 520i is arranged at the same height as the dangerous water level.
　水位が、取水部５２０ｉの上縁よりも高い場合には、水１２００の取水部５２０ｉへの流入量は水位に関わらず一定となる。これにより、水１２００が取水部５２０ｉから出水部５３０まで流れる際に、壁５１０に過大な水圧がかかることを防止できる。 When the water level is higher than the upper edge of the water intake portion 520i, the amount of water 1200 flowing into the water intake portion 520i is constant regardless of the water level. This prevents excessive water pressure from being applied to the wall 510 when the water 1200 flows from the water intake portion 520i to the water discharge portion 530 .
　以下、本開示の第３実施形態に係る構造物について説明する。 A structure according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below.
　図６Ａ～６Ｃに、第３実施形態に係る構造物６００の断面図を示す。構造物６００は、構造物５００に類似する構成を有する。そのため、構造物５００における、構造物５００とは異なる構成について説明し、構造物５００について説明した構成の説明は省略する。 6A-6C show cross-sectional views of a structure 600 according to the third embodiment. Structure 600 has a configuration similar to structure 500 . Therefore, the configuration of the structure 500 that is different from that of the structure 500 will be described, and the description of the configuration of the structure 500 will be omitted.
　堰等の構造物６００は、多孔質体５２０の下側に配置される空洞部６２０を含む。空洞部６２０は、水１２００に対向するとともに構造物６００の幅方向に延びる取水部６２０ｉと、構造物６００の幅方向両端付近で取水部６２０ｉに連通し、水平方向から下向きに傾斜して延びる中間部６２０ｍと、中間部６２０ｍに連通して水１２００の反対側を向く空洞部である出水部６２０оと、を含む。空洞部６２０の取水部６２０ｉは通常水位以下の位置に配置される。本実施形態では、取水部６２０ｉの上縁は通常水位と実質的に同じ高さである。出水部６２０оは、通常水位よりも低い位置に配置される。 A structure 600 such as a weir includes a cavity 620 arranged below the porous body 520 . The hollow portion 620 includes a water intake portion 620i that faces the water 1200 and extends in the width direction of the structure 600, and an intermediate portion that communicates with the water intake portion 620i near both ends in the width direction of the structure 600 and extends obliquely downward from the horizontal direction. It includes a portion 620m and a water outlet portion 620?, which is a hollow portion that communicates with the intermediate portion 620m and faces away from the water 1200. As shown in FIG. A water intake portion 620i of the hollow portion 620 is normally arranged at a position below the water level. In this embodiment, the upper edge of water intake 620i is substantially level with the normal water level. The water outlet 620? is arranged at a position lower than the normal water level.
　多孔質体５２０の出水部５２０оは、空洞部６２０の出水部６２０оに接続する。 The water outlet portion 520' of the porous body 520 is connected to the water outlet portion 620' of the hollow portion 620.
　水１２００の水位が取水部６２０ｉの下縁（この水位を以下「低水位」という）以下の場合は、水１２００は空洞部６２０に流入しない。 When the water level of the water 1200 is below the lower edge of the water intake section 620i (this water level is hereinafter referred to as the "low water level"), the water 1200 does not flow into the hollow section 620.
　水位が低水位を越えると、構造物６００内の水１２００が取水部６２０ｉから空洞部６２０に流入する。流入した水１２００は、出水部６２０оから空洞部６２０の外に放出される。 When the water level exceeds the low water level, the water 1200 inside the structure 600 flows into the hollow section 620 from the water intake section 620i. The water 1200 that has flowed in is discharged out of the cavity 620 from the water outlet 620'.
　水位が、低水位よりも高く、かつ取水部６２０ｉの上縁以下である間は、水位が高くなるにつれて、取水部６２０ｉへの水１２００の流入量が増加する。そのため、早急に水１２００の水位を下げることができる。 While the water level is higher than the low water level and below the upper edge of the water intake section 620i, the amount of water 1200 flowing into the water intake section 620i increases as the water level increases. Therefore, the water level of the water 1200 can be quickly lowered.
　水位が、通常水位よりも高い場合には、水１２００の取水部６２０ｉへの流入量は水位に関わらず一定となる。これにより、水１２００が取水部６２０ｉから出水部６２０оまで流れる際に、壁５１０に過大な水圧がかかることを防止できる。 When the water level is higher than the normal water level, the amount of water 1200 flowing into the water intake section 620i is constant regardless of the water level. As a result, it is possible to prevent excessive water pressure from being applied to the wall 510 when the water 1200 flows from the water intake portion 620i to the water discharge portion 620'.
　水位が注意水位を越えると、構造物６００内の水１２００が取水部５２０ｉから多孔質体５２０に流入する。流入した水１２００は、多孔質体５２０内に広く浸透し、出水部６２０оから構造物６００の外に放出される。 When the water level exceeds the caution water level, the water 1200 inside the structure 600 flows into the porous body 520 from the water intake section 520i. The water 1200 that has flowed in penetrates widely into the porous body 520 and is discharged to the outside of the structure 600 from the water outlet 620'.
　１００　　構造物
　１１０　　第１覆工
　１２０　　多孔質体
　１２００　水
　１３０　　第２覆工
　１４０　　貫通孔
　１５０　　道床
　２００　　構造物
　２６０　　流路
　３１０　　仕切り
　５００　　構造物
　５１０　　壁
　５２０　　多孔質体
　５２０ｉ　取水部
　５２０о　出水部
　５３０　　出水部
　６００　　構造物
　６２０　　出水部
　６２０　　空洞部
　６２０ｉ　取水部
　１０００　土壌
　１１００　流体
  100 structure 110 first lining 120 porous body 1200 water 130 second lining 140 through hole 150 ballast 200 structure 260 channel 310 partition 500 structure 510 wall 520 porous body 520i water intake section 520o water outlet section 530 water outlet section 600 structure 620 water outlet 620 cavity 620i water intake 1000 soil 1100 fluid

Claims (8)

  1. 　管状の第１覆工と、
    　前記第１覆工の内側の少なくとも一部に沿って延在し、流体が浸透する多孔質体と、
    　前記多孔質体の内側に配置される管状の第２覆工と、
    を含む構造物。     a tubular first lining;
    a fluid-permeable porous body extending along at least a portion of the inner side of the first lining;
    a tubular second lining disposed inside the porous body;
    structures containing
  2. 　前記第２覆工を貫通して前記多孔質に達するともに、前記構造物の軸方向に延びる貫通孔が形成されている、請求項１に記載の構造物。 The structure according to claim 1, wherein a through-hole extending in the axial direction of the structure is formed through the second lining to reach the porous material.
  3. 　前記貫通孔から流出する前記流体を受けて流す流路を更に備える、請求項２に記載の構造物。 The structure according to claim 2, further comprising a channel for receiving and flowing the fluid flowing out from the through hole.
  4. 　前記多孔質体における前記流体の浸透を遮る仕切りが、前記構造物の軸方向に離間して設けられている、請求項２又は３に記載の構造物。 4. The structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a partition that blocks permeation of said fluid in said porous body is provided at a distance in the axial direction of said structure.
  5. 　前記流体が前記貫通孔を流れたことを検出するセンサを備える、請求項２～４のいずれか一項に記載の構造物。 The structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, comprising a sensor that detects that the fluid has flowed through the through hole.
  6. 　前記多孔質体がポーラスコンクリートである、請求項１～５のいずれか一項に記載の構造物。 The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the porous body is porous concrete.
  7. 　水を遮る壁と、
    　取水部から前記壁を通って出水部まで延在するとともに、前記水が浸透する多孔質体と、
    を備える構造物であり、
    　前記多孔質体の前記取水部が通常の水位よりも高い位置に配置される、構造物。     a wall blocking water,
    a porous body extending from the water intake portion through the wall to the water outlet portion and through which the water permeates;
    A structure comprising
    A structure in which the water intake portion of the porous body is arranged at a position higher than a normal water level.
  8. 　管状の第１覆工と、
    　前記第１覆工の内側の少なくとも一部に沿って延在し、流体が浸透する多孔質体と、
    　前記多孔質体の内側に配置される管状の第２覆工と、
    　前記流体が、前記第２覆工を貫通して前記多孔質に達する貫通孔を流れたことを検出するセンサと、
    を含む構造物の診断方法であり、
    　前記センサを用いて、前記流体が前記貫通孔を流れたか判定するステップを含む、構造物の診断方法。
          a tubular first lining;
    a fluid-permeable porous body extending along at least a portion of the inner side of the first lining;
    a tubular second lining disposed inside the porous body;
    a sensor for detecting that the fluid has flowed through a through-hole that penetrates the second lining and reaches the porous body;
    A method for diagnosing a structure comprising
    A method of diagnosing a structure, comprising using the sensor to determine whether the fluid has flowed through the through hole.
PCT/JP2021/027761 2021-07-27 2021-07-27 Structure and structure diagnosis method WO2023007589A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56121799U (en) * 1980-02-20 1981-09-17
JPS57140500A (en) * 1981-02-25 1982-08-31 Nippon Sogo Bosui Kk Water proofing of tunnel structure
JPH03180699A (en) * 1989-12-11 1991-08-06 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Spring water processing material
JP2007146492A (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-06-14 Akio Nakaya Bank, and method of manufacturing bank

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56121799U (en) * 1980-02-20 1981-09-17
JPS57140500A (en) * 1981-02-25 1982-08-31 Nippon Sogo Bosui Kk Water proofing of tunnel structure
JPH03180699A (en) * 1989-12-11 1991-08-06 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Spring water processing material
JP2007146492A (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-06-14 Akio Nakaya Bank, and method of manufacturing bank

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