WO2022269206A1 - Cooking element coated with an anti-adhesive fluorinated polymeric film - Google Patents

Cooking element coated with an anti-adhesive fluorinated polymeric film Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022269206A1
WO2022269206A1 PCT/FR2022/051249 FR2022051249W WO2022269206A1 WO 2022269206 A1 WO2022269206 A1 WO 2022269206A1 FR 2022051249 W FR2022051249 W FR 2022051249W WO 2022269206 A1 WO2022269206 A1 WO 2022269206A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
coated
face
cooking element
cooking
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2022/051249
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Martin Rubio
Guillaume Counil
Original Assignee
Seb S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Seb S.A. filed Critical Seb S.A.
Publication of WO2022269206A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022269206A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
    • A47J27/002—Construction of cooking-vessels; Methods or processes of manufacturing specially adapted for cooking-vessels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
    • B05D5/086—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers having an anchoring layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/542—No clear coat specified the two layers being cured or baked together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/582—No clear coat specified all layers being cured or baked together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
    • B05D2202/20—Metallic substrate based on light metals
    • B05D2202/25—Metallic substrate based on light metals based on Al
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2350/00—Pretreatment of the substrate
    • B05D2350/60—Adding a layer before coating
    • B05D2350/65—Adding a layer before coating metal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2506/00—Halogenated polymers
    • B05D2506/10—Fluorinated polymers
    • B05D2506/15—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/12—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of cooking elements coated with a non-stick fluorinated polymeric film.
  • the present invention also relates to cookware and electric cooking appliances comprising such a cooking element.
  • a metal substrate is first shaped to form a kitchen utensil, then the inner surface of the kitchen utensil is coated with a fluororesin having excellent heat resistance such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether (PFA) by means of a liquid spray coating process or a powder coating process.
  • a fluororesin having excellent heat resistance such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether (PFA)
  • the liquid spray coating process has a number of disadvantages.
  • the metal substrate has a curved shape, it is difficult to obtain a coating of uniform thickness.
  • the liquid spray coating process also involves the use of solvents or volatile organic compounds which evaporate during the process and which must be recovered and recycled. From an environmental point of view, a solvent-free and volatile organic compound-free process is preferred. On the other hand, the coating thickness is limited. Cracks are likely to appear when the thickness of the coating is too great.
  • the powder coating process also has drawbacks.
  • the coating obtained has defects, such as pinheads, which can lead to a reduction in the non-stick character.
  • the coatings obtained according to the 2 processes can have a significant surface roughness which can cause cleaning problems, certain cooking residues which can persist on the surface of the coating even after several washes.
  • Patent application KR20150030719 describes a kitchen utensil comprising a body including a metallic substrate on which is laminated a film of a fluorinated resin. A method of obtaining a kitchen utensil is also described.
  • a PTFE multilayer film is used without information on the nature of the layers.
  • the metallic substrate Prior to lamination of the fluorinated film, the metallic substrate undergoes a pretreatment, the nature of which is not specified: the need to include a pretreatment of the metallic substrate underlines the difficulty of bonding a metallic substrate and a fluorinated film. The operation of laminating the film onto the substrate is not described.
  • Application KR20150116575 describes a metal substrate on which a multilayer fluorinated film is laminated.
  • the film contains 4 layers of which the first layer in contact with the substrate comprises a fluororesin with excellent flow properties.
  • Application KR20150116577 describes a metallic substrate on which several fluorinated films are successively laminated.
  • the film in contact with the substrate comprises a fluororesin with excellent flow properties.
  • Application KR20160099388 describes the process for obtaining a metallic substrate coated with a fluorinated film (devoid of a layer of primer comprising an organic compound or of an adhesive).
  • the fluorinated film is a multilayer film obtained by successive deposition on a support of an aqueous dispersion of the constituents of the layer (fluorinated resin and optionally an inorganic filler) which is dried and sintered.
  • the multilayer film is then removed from its support and positioned on the metal substrate before assembly.
  • the layer of the fluorinated film in contact with the metal consists of FEP, PFA, TFM, MFA (or a mixture) which has good flow properties, thus allowing good adhesion, which PTFE does not allow.
  • the metallic substrate/fluorinated film assembly is produced by thermal compression, in a static press or else between rollers (roll-to-roll process). The assembly process involves the use of high temperature and high pressure.
  • Non-stick pan comprising a non-stick layer placed on the internal surface of the cooking utensil.
  • the non-stick layer is preferably made of PTFE and is fixed by gluing (bonding), inlaying (embedding) or by riveting (riveting).
  • the applicant has developed a cooking element comprising a coated metal substrate obtained by metallurgical assembly between the metal substrate and the metal layer covering one of the faces of the non-stick fluorinated polymeric film.
  • the metal layer By using a food-grade metal for the metal layer, it is possible to use a wide range of metal substrates, in particular recycled aluminum, The chemical resistance of the final products can be improved thanks to a metallized layer of very pure aluminum (for example an aluminum alloy with a purity greater than 99.6%, for example an alloy 1199) or of stainless steel,
  • a first object of the invention relates to a coated cooking element (1) for a culinary article or electric cooking appliance, comprising a metallic substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) by a film (3) forming a cooking process, the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s), the film (3) being assembled with the metal substrate (2), characterized in that the film (3) comprises a layer layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said metallic layer (4) being metallurgically assembled with the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2).
  • Another object of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) for a culinary article or electric cooking appliance, comprising a metal substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) with a film (3) forming a cooking face (5), the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluoropolymer(s) and a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said method comprising the following steps: i. Supply of metal substrate (2) ii. Optionally, prior treatment of the face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) intended to be coated, iii. Supply of the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metallic layer (4), iv. Positioning of the metallic layer (4) of the film (3) on the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2), v. Realization of the metallurgical assembly of said metallic substrate (2) and of the metallic layer (4).
  • Another object of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprising the following steps: i. Provision of metal substrate (2) ii. Optionally, prior treatment of the face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) intended to be coated, iii. Supply of a film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metallic layer (4), iv. Positioning of the metallic layer (4) of the film (3) on the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2), v. Realization of the metallurgical assembly of said metallic substrate (2) and of the metallic layer (4).
  • Another object of the invention relates to a cooking utensil or an electrical cooking appliance comprising a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention.
  • film it is necessary to understand within the meaning of the present invention an assembly consisting of one or more superimposed layers intended to be assembled with the metal substrate.
  • the term film also corresponds to said assembly once assembled with the metal substrate.
  • a continuous layer (or also called a monolithic layer) is a single whole forming a total solid surface completely covering the surface on which it is placed or will be placed.
  • “Assembled metallurgically” means, within the meaning of the present invention, the metallic layer (4) assembled to the metallic substrate (2) by direct metal/metal bonding without recourse to an additional bonding layer of a polymeric nature between the metallic layer (4 ) and the metallic substrate (2).
  • Aluminum alloy means, within the meaning of the present invention, an aluminum alloy of the 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 and 8000 series.
  • an object which will be heated by an external heating system such as a cooking hearth, such an object being able in particular to be a frying pan, a saucepan, a sauté pan, a wok, a barbecue grill, and which is able to transmit the heat energy provided by this external heating system to a material or food in contact with said object.
  • an external heating system such as a cooking hearth, such an object being able in particular to be a frying pan, a saucepan, a sauté pan, a wok, a barbecue grill, and which is able to transmit the heat energy provided by this external heating system to a material or food in contact with said object.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention, comprising a film (3) and a metal substrate (2).
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the metallic substrate (2) and of the film (3) before metallurgical assembly.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention forming a cooking vessel.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a cookware (100) comprising a coated cooking element (1) according to Figure 3.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an electrical cooking appliance (200) comprising a coated cooking element (1) according to Figure 3.
  • a first object of the invention relates to a coated cooking element (1) for a culinary article or electrical cooking appliance, comprising a metal substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) by a film (3) forming a cooking face (5), the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s), the film (3) being assembled with the metal substrate (2), characterized in that the film (3) comprises a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said metal layer (4) being metallurgically assembled with the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2).
  • metal substrates that can be used in the context of the invention, mention may advantageously be made of substrates made of aluminum, stainless steel, cast iron or aluminum, or titanium or copper.
  • aluminum within the meaning of the present invention is meant a metal consisting of 100% aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the metal substrate (2) is an aluminum or stainless steel substrate or a multi-layer metal substrate, in particular two-layer or three-layer, these multi-layers being able to be obtained for example by co-rolling or by hot diffusion under load (solid-state bonding).
  • the metal substrate (2) comprises an alternation of metal and/or metal alloy layers, or is a cast aluminum, aluminum or aluminum alloy cap lined with an outer bottom in stainless steel.
  • the metal substrate (2) is an aluminum substrate.
  • the metal substrate (2) has a thickness of between 0.5 mm and
  • the film (3) completely covers the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2), but
  • the surface of the metal substrate (2) can be treated prior to the assembly of the film (3) so as to increase its specific surface and thus improve the adhesion of the film: this treatment can be chemical attack, brushing, sandblasting , shot blasting, physicochemical treatment of the plasma or corona or laser type, chemical activation or a combination of these different techniques.
  • the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2) has undergone a surface treatment prior to the metallurgical assembly of the metallic layer (4) with the face (2a).
  • the surface treatment of the face (2a) is chosen from chemical attack, brushing, sandblasting, shot-blasting, physicochemical treatment of the plasma or corona or laser type, chemical activation or a combination of these different techniques.
  • the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprises a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said metal layer (4) being assembled metallurgically with the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2).
  • one of the solutions consists in using a fluorinated underlayer of copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoropropylvinyl ether (PFA) or of copolymers tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene (FEP) which act as a hot-melt adhesive, thus allowing the fluorinated film to adhere to the metal substrate.
  • PFA perfluoropropylvinyl ether
  • FEP hexafluoropropene
  • the advantage of using a metallized fluorinated film according to the invention is the possibility offered of using a method of assembling said metallized film on the metal substrate by metallurgical assembly technologies making it possible to reduce the cycle time and to improve the quality of assembly.
  • the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2) and/or the metallic layer (4) is/are made of aluminium, preferably one of the face (2a) and of the metallic layer (4 ) being made of 1000 series aluminum alloy.
  • the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) and the metal layer (4) are made of the same metal, preferably aluminum.
  • the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2) and the metallic layer (4) consist of two different alloys of the same metal, preferably of two different aluminum alloys.
  • the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2) and the metallic layer (4) consist of different metals, one of the metals preferably being aluminium.
  • the metal layer (4) is a layer of aluminum or stainless steel.
  • the metal layer (4) is easily distinguishable from the metal substrate (2) by sectional observations under a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  • the thickness of the metal layer (4) of the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention is between 1 and 500 ⁇ m, preferably between 5 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 300 ⁇ m.
  • the measurement of the thickness of the metallic layer (4) is carried out at 20 random points on the section of the film (3).
  • the average thickness of the metal layer is obtained by taking the average of these 20 measurements.
  • the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprises a single layer of a fluorinated polymer or a mixture of fluorinated polymers.
  • the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprises several layers of a fluorinated polymer or a mixture of fluorinated polymers, said layers possibly being of different composition .
  • the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprises several layers of a fluorinated polymer or a mixture of fluorinated polymers, said layers being of the same composition.
  • the fluorinated polymer or the mixture of fluorinated polymers of the film (3) is chosen from the group comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoropropylvinylether (PFA), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene (FEP) , polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and polymethylvinylether (MVA), terpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene, polymethylvinylether and fluoroalkylvinylether (TFE/PMVE/FAVE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), and mixtures thereof.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PFA perfluoropropylvinylether
  • FEP hexafluoropropene
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the fluoropolymer(s) can be chosen from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoropropylvinylether (PFA), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene (FEP), a mixture of PTFE and PFA (PTFE/PFA), a mixture of PTFE and FEP (PTFE/FEP).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PFA perfluoropropylvinylether
  • FEP tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene
  • PTFE/PFA a mixture of PTFE and PFA
  • PTFE/FEP a mixture of PTFE and FEP
  • the thickness of the layer(s) of fluorinated polymer of said film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention is between 5 and 500 ⁇ m, preferably between 10 and 400 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 25 and 200pm.
  • the measurement of the thickness of the layer or layers of the fluoropolymer of the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention is made at 20 random points on the cut of the film.
  • the average thickness of the metal layer is obtained by taking the average of these 20 measurements.
  • the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprises a layer (3a) of fluoropolymer forming the cooking face (5).
  • the fluoropolymer of layer (3a) is selected from the group comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoropropylvinylether (PFA), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene (FEP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and polymethylvinylether (MVA), terpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene, polymethylvinylether and fluoroalkylvinylether (TFE/PMVE/FAVE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), and mixtures thereof.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PFA perfluoropropylvinylether
  • FEP hexafluoropropene
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • VMA polymethylvinylether
  • the fluoropolymer(s) can be chosen from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and mixtures comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention may also comprise at least one filler and/or at least one reinforcement making it possible to reinforce the mechanical properties of the film (3).
  • fillers that can be used under the present invention, mention may in particular be made of metal oxides, metal carbides, metal oxy-nitrides, metal nitrides and their mixtures, silica.
  • reinforcements that can be used under the present invention, mention may be made of a mineral or metal reinforcement of the fiber, metal mesh, fiberglass material or fabric type.
  • the reinforcement may also consist of a non-fluorinated polymer with high thermomechanical properties of the polyaryletherketone (PEAK) type, such as for example polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or of polyamide-imide (PAI).
  • PEAK polyaryletherketone
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • PAI polyamide-imide
  • the reinforcement can be in the form of a layer of the film (3).
  • the film (3) comprises 3 layers (3a, 3b, 3c).
  • the total thickness of the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention is between 10 ⁇ m and 1 mm, preferably between 50 ⁇ m and 800 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 100 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m.
  • the measurement of the thickness of the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention is carried out at 20 random points on the cut of the film.
  • the average thickness of the metal layer is obtained by taking the average of these 20 measurements.
  • the film (3) before metallurgical assembly with the metal substrate (2) can be obtained by depositing a first layer on a support, then optionally by successively depositing the other layers, then by exfoliating said film to separate it from the support.
  • the layers of the film (3) can also be assembled together by any other assembly process, such as lamination for example.
  • the metal layer (4) of the film (3) before metallurgical assembly with the metal substrate (2) can be obtained by various methods, including vacuum metallization of said film or rolling.
  • the thickness of the metal layer (4) of the film (3) before metallurgical assembly with the metal substrate (2) is between 1 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m, preferably between 5 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 300 pm.
  • the thickness of the layer or layers of the fluoropolymer of the film (3) before metallurgical assembly with the metal substrate (2) is between 5 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m, from preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 400 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 25 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m.
  • the total thickness of the film (3) before metallurgical assembly with the metal substrate (2) is between 10 ⁇ m and 1 mm, preferably between 50 ⁇ m and 800 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 100 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m.
  • Another object of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) for a culinary article or electric cooking appliance, comprising a metal substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) with a film (3) forming a cooking face (5), the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluoropolymer(s) and a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said method comprising the following steps: i. Supply of the metallic substrate (2), ii. Optionally, prior treatment of the face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) intended to be coated, iii. Supply of the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metallic layer (4), iv. Positioning of the metallic layer (4) of the film (3) on the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2), v. Realization of the metallurgical assembly of said metallic substrate (2) and of the metallic layer (4).
  • Another object of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprising the following steps: i. Provision of a metal substrate (2), ii. Optionally, prior treatment of the face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) intended to be coated, iii. Supply of a film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metallic layer (4), iv. Positioning of the metallic layer (4) of the film (3) on the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2), v. Realization of the metallurgical assembly of said metallic substrate (2) and of the metallic layer (4).
  • the characteristics of the film (3) and of the metal substrate (2) are as described above for the coated cooking element (1).
  • the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) manufactured according to the method of the invention comprises a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking surface (5), said metal layer (4) being assembled metallurgically with the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) according to the method of the invention.
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention may further comprise a step of heating the metal substrate (2) between step iii. and step iv. , preferably at a temperature between 300° C. and 550° C., and/or between step iv. and step v., preferably at a temperature between 300°C and 380°C.
  • step v. assembly is made hot, for example by bonding by hot stamping, by hot rolling, by hot diffusion under load, or by brazing.
  • step v. assembly is carried out by bonding by hot stamping.
  • step v. metallurgical assembly is carried out at a temperature between 300° C and 400° C, preferably between 350° C and 380° C.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention forming a cooking vessel.
  • the film (3) assembled with the metallic substrate (2) forms the cooking surface (5) arranged inside the cooking vessel.
  • Another object of the invention relates to a cooking utensil (100) comprising a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention.
  • the cooking utensil (100) comprises a coated cooking element (1) forming a cooking vessel and is equipped with a gripping member (7) fixed to said coated cooking element (1).
  • the cookware (100) comprises a heating face (6) intended to be brought into contact with an external heating source, the heating face (6) being opposite the cooking face (5) intended to be brought into contact with food during cooking.
  • the culinary article (100) according to the invention is chosen from the group consisting of saucepan, frying pan, saucepans or caquelons for fondue or raclette, stewpan, wok, sauté pan, crepe maker, grill, plancha, pot, casserole dish, cooker or bread machine, culinary mould.
  • the cookware (100) can form a cooking accessory for an electric cooking appliance.
  • the electrical cooking appliance (200) comprises a coated cooking element (1) and a heating source (210) configured to heat said coated cooking element (1 ).
  • the coated cooking element (1) forming a cooking vessel is arranged in a heating base (230) comprising the heating source (210) composed of several heating elements (220).
  • the face (6) rests on the heating elements (220). If desired, the face (6) can be secured to the heating elements (220).
  • the electric cooking appliance (200) according to the invention is chosen from the group consisting of electric crepe maker, electric raclette appliance, electric fondue appliance, electric grill, electric griddle, electric cooker, bread machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a coated cooking element (1) for a cooking article or an electrical cooking appliance comprising a metal substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) with a film (3) forming a cooking face, the film (3) comprising one or a plurality of fluorinated polymeric layers, the film (3) being joined to the metal substrate (2). According to the invention, the film (3) comprises a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), the metal layer (4) being metallurgically joined to the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2). The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a coated cooking element (1) and to a cooking article or an electrical cooking appliance having said coated cooking element (1).

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
TITRE : ELEMENT DE CUISSON REVETU PAR UN FILM POLYMERIQUE FLUORE ANTIADHESIFTITLE: COOKING ELEMENT COATED WITH A NON-STICK FLUORINE POLYMERIC FILM
DOMAINE DE L'INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La présente invention concerne le domaine des éléments de cuisson revêtus par un film polymérique fluoré antiadhésif. The present invention relates to the field of cooking elements coated with a non-stick fluorinated polymeric film.
La présente invention concerne également les articles culinaires et les appareils électriques de cuisson comportant un tel élément de cuisson. The present invention also relates to cookware and electric cooking appliances comprising such a cooking element.
ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE STATE OF THE ART
Dans l’industrie des articles culinaires comportant une surface de cuisson antiadhésive, les performances du revêtement constituent l’une des préoccupations les plus importantes. In the cookware industry with a non-stick cooking surface, coating performance is one of the biggest concerns.
De manière conventionnelle, un substrat métallique est d'abord mis en forme pour constituer un ustensile de cuisine, puis la surface intérieure de l'ustensile de cuisine est revêtue d'une résine fluorée ayant une excellente résistance à la chaleur telle que le polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE) ou le tétrafluoroéthylène-perfluoroalkyl vinyl éther (PFA) au moyen d’un procédé de revêtement par pulvérisation liquide ou un procédé de revêtement par poudre. Une alternative constitue à revêtir le substrat puis à mettre en forme le substrat ainsi revêtu. Conventionally, a metal substrate is first shaped to form a kitchen utensil, then the inner surface of the kitchen utensil is coated with a fluororesin having excellent heat resistance such as polytetrafluoroethylene ( PTFE) or tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether (PFA) by means of a liquid spray coating process or a powder coating process. An alternative is to coat the substrate and then to shape the substrate thus coated.
Le procédé de revêtement par pulvérisation liquide présente un certain nombre d’inconvénients. The liquid spray coating process has a number of disadvantages.
Lorsque le substrat métallique présente une forme incurvée, il est difficile d’obtenir un revêtement d’épaisseur uniforme. When the metal substrate has a curved shape, it is difficult to obtain a coating of uniform thickness.
Le procédé de revêtement par pulvérisation liquide implique par ailleurs l’utilisation de solvants ou de composés organiques volatils qui s’évaporent lors du procédé et qui doivent être récupérés et recyclés. D’un point de vue environnemental, un procédé sans solvant et sans composé organique volatil est préféré. D’autre part, l’épaisseur de revêtement est limitée. Des craquelures sont susceptibles d’apparaître lorsque l’épaisseur du revêtement est trop importante. The liquid spray coating process also involves the use of solvents or volatile organic compounds which evaporate during the process and which must be recovered and recycled. From an environmental point of view, a solvent-free and volatile organic compound-free process is preferred. On the other hand, the coating thickness is limited. Cracks are likely to appear when the thickness of the coating is too great.
Le procédé de revêtement par poudre présente lui aussi des inconvénients. Le revêtement obtenu présente des défauts, de type tête d’épingle, pouvant conduire à une diminution du caractère antiadhésif. The powder coating process also has drawbacks. The coating obtained has defects, such as pinheads, which can lead to a reduction in the non-stick character.
Les revêtements obtenus selon les 2 procédés peuvent présenter une rugosité de surface importante pouvant poser des problèmes de nettoyage, certains résidus de cuisson pouvant persister à la surface du revêtement même après plusieurs lavages. The coatings obtained according to the 2 processes can have a significant surface roughness which can cause cleaning problems, certain cooking residues which can persist on the surface of the coating even after several washes.
Afin de pallier les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus, l’état de la technique décrit des substrats métalliques revêtus de films fluorés par laminage. In order to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above, the state of the art describes metal substrates coated with fluorinated films by lamination.
La demande de brevet KR20150030719 décrit un ustensile de cuisine comprenant un corps incluant un substrat métallique sur lequel est laminé un film d’une résine fluorée. Un procédé d’obtention d’un ustensile de cuisine est également décrit. Dans l’exemple 1 , un film multicouches PTFE est utilisé sans information sur la nature des couches. Préalablement au laminage du film fluoré, le substrat métallique subit un prétraitement dont la nature n’est pas précisée : la nécessité d’inclure un prétraitement du substrat métallique souligne la difficulté de lier un substrat métallique et un film fluoré. L’opération de laminage du film sur le substrat n’est pas décrite. Patent application KR20150030719 describes a kitchen utensil comprising a body including a metallic substrate on which is laminated a film of a fluorinated resin. A method of obtaining a kitchen utensil is also described. In example 1, a PTFE multilayer film is used without information on the nature of the layers. Prior to lamination of the fluorinated film, the metallic substrate undergoes a pretreatment, the nature of which is not specified: the need to include a pretreatment of the metallic substrate underlines the difficulty of bonding a metallic substrate and a fluorinated film. The operation of laminating the film onto the substrate is not described.
La demande KR20150116575 décrit un substrat métallique sur lequel est laminé un film fluoré multicouches. Le film contient 4 couches dont la première couche en contact avec le substrat comprend une résine fluorée ayant d’excellentes propriétés d’écoulement. Application KR20150116575 describes a metal substrate on which a multilayer fluorinated film is laminated. The film contains 4 layers of which the first layer in contact with the substrate comprises a fluororesin with excellent flow properties.
La demande KR20150116577 décrit un substrat métallique sur lequel sont laminés successivement plusieurs films fluorés. Le film en contact avec le substrat comprend une résine fluorée ayant d’excellentes propriétés d’écoulement. Application KR20150116577 describes a metallic substrate on which several fluorinated films are successively laminated. The film in contact with the substrate comprises a fluororesin with excellent flow properties.
La demande KR20160099388 décrit le procédé d’obtention d’un substrat métallique revêtu d’un film fluoré (dépourvu d’une couche de primaire comprenant un composé organique ou d’un adhésif). Le film fluoré est un film multicouches obtenu par dépôt successif sur un support d’une dispersion aqueuse des constituants de la couche (résine fluorée et éventuellement une charge inorganique) qui est séchée et frittée. Le film multicouches est ensuite ôté de son support et positionné sur le substrat métallique avant assemblage. La couche du film fluoré en contact avec le métal est constituée de FEP, PFA, TFM, MFA (ou d’un mélange) qui a de bonnes propriétés d’écoulement, permettant ainsi une bonne adhésion, ce que ne permet pas le PTFE. L’assemblage substrat métallique / film fluoré est réalisé par compression thermique, dans une presse en statique ou bien entre des rouleaux (procédé roll-to-roll). Le procédé d’assemblage implique la mise en oeuvre d’une température élevée et d’une pression élevée. Application KR20160099388 describes the process for obtaining a metallic substrate coated with a fluorinated film (devoid of a layer of primer comprising an organic compound or of an adhesive). The fluorinated film is a multilayer film obtained by successive deposition on a support of an aqueous dispersion of the constituents of the layer (fluorinated resin and optionally an inorganic filler) which is dried and sintered. The multilayer film is then removed from its support and positioned on the metal substrate before assembly. The layer of the fluorinated film in contact with the metal consists of FEP, PFA, TFM, MFA (or a mixture) which has good flow properties, thus allowing good adhesion, which PTFE does not allow. The metallic substrate/fluorinated film assembly is produced by thermal compression, in a static press or else between rollers (roll-to-roll process). The assembly process involves the use of high temperature and high pressure.
La demande CN206950019 décrit une poêle antiadhésive comprenant une couche antiadhésive disposée sur la surface interne de l’ustensile de cuisson. La couche antiadhésive est préférentiellement constituée de PTFE et est fixée par collage (bonding), incrustation (embedding) or par rivetage (riveting). Application CN206950019 describes a non-stick pan comprising a non-stick layer placed on the internal surface of the cooking utensil. The non-stick layer is preferably made of PTFE and is fixed by gluing (bonding), inlaying (embedding) or by riveting (riveting).
EXPOSE DE L'INVENTION DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
D’un point de vue industriel, reste le besoin de développer des procédés d’assemblage de la couche fluorée sur le substrat métallique qui soient plus avantageux en termes de temps d’assemblage et de qualité d’adhésion. From an industrial point of view, there remains the need to develop methods for assembling the fluorinated layer on the metallic substrate which are more advantageous in terms of assembly time and adhesion quality.
Il est donc devenu nécessaire de développer un substrat métallique revêtu d’un film fluoré obtenu selon un procédé de fabrication permettant l’obtention de revêtements d’épaisseur contrôlée, homogène, pouvant être de forte épaisseur et pouvant être fabriqués à partir d’un large choix de polymères, lequel procédé est sans solvant, tout en réduisant le temps d’assemblage et en améliorant la qualité de l’adhésion du film fluoré sur le substrat. It has therefore become necessary to develop a metallic substrate coated with a fluorinated film obtained according to a manufacturing process making it possible to obtain coatings of controlled, homogeneous thickness, which can be very thick and can be manufactured from a large choice of polymers, which process is solvent-free, while reducing the assembly time and improving the quality of the adhesion of the fluorinated film on the substrate.
La demanderesse a mis au point un élément de cuisson comprenant un substrat métallique revêtu obtenu par assemblage métallurgique entre le substrat métallique et la couche métallique recouvrant l’une des faces du film polymérique fluoré antiadhésif. The applicant has developed a cooking element comprising a coated metal substrate obtained by metallurgical assembly between the metal substrate and the metal layer covering one of the faces of the non-stick fluorinated polymeric film.
En outre, la technologie d’assemblage métallurgique mise en oeuvre présente les avantages suivants : In addition, the metallurgical assembly technology implemented has the following advantages:
En utilisant pour la couche métallique un métal de grade alimentaire, il est possible d’utiliser une gamme élargie de substrats métalliques, notamment en aluminium recyclé, La résistance chimique des produits finaux peut être améliorée grâce à une couche métallisée en aluminium très pur (par exemple un alliage d’aluminium de pureté supérieure à 99,6 %, par exemple un alliage 1199) ou en acier inoxydable, By using a food-grade metal for the metal layer, it is possible to use a wide range of metal substrates, in particular recycled aluminum, The chemical resistance of the final products can be improved thanks to a metallized layer of very pure aluminum (for example an aluminum alloy with a purity greater than 99.6%, for example an alloy 1199) or of stainless steel,
Résumé de l’invention Summary of the invention
Un premier objet de l’invention concerne un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) pour article culinaire ou appareil électrique de cuisson, comportant un substrat métallique (2) revêtu sur au moins une face (2a) par un film (3) formant une face de cuisson, le film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s), le film (3) étant assemblé avec le substrat métallique (2), caractérisé en ce que le film (3) comporte une couche métallique (4) du côté opposé à la face de cuisson (5), ladite couche métallique (4) étant assemblée métallurgiquement avec la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2). A first object of the invention relates to a coated cooking element (1) for a culinary article or electric cooking appliance, comprising a metallic substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) by a film (3) forming a cooking process, the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s), the film (3) being assembled with the metal substrate (2), characterized in that the film (3) comprises a layer layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said metallic layer (4) being metallurgically assembled with the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2).
Un autre objet de l’invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d’un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) pour article culinaire ou appareil électrique de cuisson, comportant un substrat métallique (2) revêtu sur au moins une face (2a) par un film (3) formant une face de cuisson (5), le film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s) et une couche métallique (4) du côté opposé à la face de cuisson (5), ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes : i. Fourniture du substrat métallique (2) ii. Eventuellement, traitement préalable de la face (2a) dudit substrat métallique (2) destinée à être revêtue, iii. Fourniture du film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s) et une couche métallique (4), iv. Positionnement de la couche métallique (4) du film (3) sur la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2), v. Réalisation de l’assemblage métallurgique dudit substrat métallique (2) et de la couche métallique (4). Another object of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) for a culinary article or electric cooking appliance, comprising a metal substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) with a film (3) forming a cooking face (5), the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluoropolymer(s) and a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said method comprising the following steps: i. Supply of metal substrate (2) ii. Optionally, prior treatment of the face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) intended to be coated, iii. Supply of the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metallic layer (4), iv. Positioning of the metallic layer (4) of the film (3) on the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2), v. Realization of the metallurgical assembly of said metallic substrate (2) and of the metallic layer (4).
Un autre objet de l’invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d’un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention comprenant les étapes suivantes : i. Fourniture d’un substrat métallique (2) ii. Eventuellement, traitement préalable de la face (2a) dudit substrat métallique (2) destinée à être revêtue, iii. Fourniture d’un film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s) et une couche métallique (4), iv. Positionnement de la couche métallique (4) du film (3) sur la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2), v. Réalisation de l’assemblage métallurgique dudit substrat métallique (2) et de la couche métallique (4). Another object of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprising the following steps: i. Provision of metal substrate (2) ii. Optionally, prior treatment of the face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) intended to be coated, iii. Supply of a film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metallic layer (4), iv. Positioning of the metallic layer (4) of the film (3) on the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2), v. Realization of the metallurgical assembly of said metallic substrate (2) and of the metallic layer (4).
Un autre objet de l’invention concerne un article culinaire ou un appareil électrique de cuisson comprenant un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention. Another object of the invention relates to a cooking utensil or an electrical cooking appliance comprising a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention.
Définitions Definitions
Par le terme film , il faut comprendre au sens de la présente invention un ensemble constitué d’une ou de plusieurs couches superposées destiné à être assemblé avec le substrat métallique. Le terme film correspond également audit ensemble une fois assemblé avec le substrat métallique. By the term film, it is necessary to understand within the meaning of the present invention an assembly consisting of one or more superimposed layers intended to be assembled with the metal substrate. The term film also corresponds to said assembly once assembled with the metal substrate.
Par le terme couche , il faut comprendre au sens de la présente invention une couche continue. Une couche continue (ou également appelée couche monolithique) est un tout unique formant un aplat total recouvrant complètement la surface sur laquelle elle est posée ou va être posée. By the term layer, it is necessary to understand within the meaning of the present invention a continuous layer. A continuous layer (or also called a monolithic layer) is a single whole forming a total solid surface completely covering the surface on which it is placed or will be placed.
Par assemblée métallurgiquement , s’entend au sens de la présente invention de la couche métallique (4) assemblée au substrat métallique (2) par liaison directe métal/métal sans recours à une couche supplémentaire de liaison de nature polymérique entre la couche métallique (4) et le substrat métallique (2). "Assembled metallurgically" means, within the meaning of the present invention, the metallic layer (4) assembled to the metallic substrate (2) by direct metal/metal bonding without recourse to an additional bonding layer of a polymeric nature between the metallic layer (4 ) and the metallic substrate (2).
Par alliage d’aluminium , s’entend au sens de la présente invention un alliage d’aluminium de série 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 et 8000. “Aluminum alloy” means, within the meaning of the present invention, an aluminum alloy of the 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 and 8000 series.
Par l’expression article culinaire , il faut comprendre au sens de la présente invention un objet destiné à cuisiner. Pour ce faire, il est destiné à être chauffé pour cuire ou réchauffer les aliments portés par l’élément de cuisson ou contenus dans l’élément de cuisson. By the expression culinary article, it is necessary to understand within the meaning of the present invention an object intended for cooking. To do this, it is intended to be heated to cook or reheat the food carried by the cooking element or contained in the cooking element.
Par l’expression objet destiné à être chauffé pour cuire ou réchauffer les aliments portés par l’élément de cuisson ou contenus dans l’élément de cuisson , il faut comprendre au sens de la présente invention un objet qui sera chauffé par un système extérieur de chauffage tel qu’un foyer de cuisson, un tel objet pouvant notamment être une poêle, une casserole, une sauteuse, un wok, une grille de barbecue, et qui est apte à transmettre l'énergie calorifique apportée par ce système extérieur de chauffage à un matériau ou aliment au contact dudit objet. By the expression object intended to be heated to cook or reheat the food carried by the cooking element or contained in the cooking element, it is necessary to understand at meaning of the present invention an object which will be heated by an external heating system such as a cooking hearth, such an object being able in particular to be a frying pan, a saucepan, a sauté pan, a wok, a barbecue grill, and which is able to transmit the heat energy provided by this external heating system to a material or food in contact with said object.
Par l’expression « appareil électrique de cuisson », il faut comprendre au sens de la présente invention un objet destiné à cuisiner. Pour ce faire, il est configuré pour produire de la chaleur. By the expression “electric cooking appliance”, it is necessary to understand within the meaning of the present invention an object intended for cooking. To do this, it is configured to produce heat.
Par l’expression « objet configuré pour produire de la chaleur », il faut comprendre au sens de la présente invention un objet chauffant possédant son propre système de chauffage. By the expression “object configured to produce heat”, it is necessary to understand within the meaning of the present invention a heating object having its own heating system.
DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
[Fig. 1] représente une vue en coupe d’un exemple de réalisation d’un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention, comportant un film (3) et un substrat métallique (2). [Fig. 1] shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention, comprising a film (3) and a metal substrate (2).
[Fig. 2] représente une vue en coupe du substrat métallique (2) et du film (3) avant assemblage métallurgique. [Fig. 2] shows a sectional view of the metallic substrate (2) and of the film (3) before metallurgical assembly.
[Fig. 3] illustre un élément de cuisson revêtu (1) selon l’invention formant un récipient de cuisson. [Fig. 3] illustrates a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention forming a cooking vessel.
[Fig. 4] illustre un article culinaire (100) comportant un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon la Figure 3. [Fig. 4] illustrates a cookware (100) comprising a coated cooking element (1) according to Figure 3.
[Fig. 5] illustre un appareil électrique de cuisson (200) comportant un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon la Figure 3. [Fig. 5] illustrates an electrical cooking appliance (200) comprising a coated cooking element (1) according to Figure 3.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L’INVENTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Comme illustré sur les figures 1 à 3, un premier objet de l’invention concerne un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) pour article culinaire ou appareil électrique de cuisson, comportant un substrat métallique (2) revêtu sur au moins une face (2a) par un film (3) formant une face de cuisson (5), le film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s), le film (3) étant assemblé avec le substrat métallique (2), caractérisé en ce que le film (3) comporte une couche métallique (4) du côté opposé à la face de cuisson (5), ladite couche métallique (4) étant assemblée métallurgiquement avec la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2). A titre de substrats métalliques utilisables dans le cadre de l’invention, on peut avantageusement citer les substrats en aluminium, en acier inoxydable, en fonte de fer ou d’aluminium, ou en titane ou en cuivre. As illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, a first object of the invention relates to a coated cooking element (1) for a culinary article or electrical cooking appliance, comprising a metal substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) by a film (3) forming a cooking face (5), the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s), the film (3) being assembled with the metal substrate (2), characterized in that the film (3) comprises a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said metal layer (4) being metallurgically assembled with the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2). As metal substrates that can be used in the context of the invention, mention may advantageously be made of substrates made of aluminum, stainless steel, cast iron or aluminum, or titanium or copper.
Par aluminium au sens de la présente invention s’entend d’un métal constitué à 100 % d’aluminium ou d’un alliage d’aluminium. By aluminum within the meaning of the present invention is meant a metal consisting of 100% aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le substrat métallique (2) est un substrat en aluminium, en acier inoxydable ou un substrat métallique multicouches, notamment bicouches ou tri- couches, ces multicouches pouvant être obtenues par exemple par colaminage ou par diffusion à chaud sous charge (solid State bonding). According to one embodiment, the metal substrate (2) is an aluminum or stainless steel substrate or a multi-layer metal substrate, in particular two-layer or three-layer, these multi-layers being able to be obtained for example by co-rolling or by hot diffusion under load (solid-state bonding).
De préférence, le substrat métallique (2) comprend une alternance de couches en métal et/ou en alliage métallique, ou est une calotte d’aluminium de fonderie, d’aluminium ou d’alliages d’aluminium doublée d’un fond extérieur en acier inoxydable. Preferably, the metal substrate (2) comprises an alternation of metal and/or metal alloy layers, or is a cast aluminum, aluminum or aluminum alloy cap lined with an outer bottom in stainless steel.
De préférence, le substrat métallique (2) est un substrat en aluminium. Preferably, the metal substrate (2) is an aluminum substrate.
Avantageusement, le substrat métallique (2) a une épaisseur comprise entre 0,5 mm etAdvantageously, the metal substrate (2) has a thickness of between 0.5 mm and
10 mm. 10mm.
De façon générale, le film (3) couvre en totalité la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2), maisIn general, the film (3) completely covers the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2), but
11 peut être envisagé que seule une partie du substrat métallique (2) soit recouverte. 11 can be envisaged that only part of the metal substrate (2) is covered.
La surface du substrat métallique (2) peut être traitée préalablement à l’assemblage du film (3) de façon à augmenter sa surface spécifique et améliorer ainsi l’adhérence du film : ce traitement peut être une attaque chimique, un brossage, un sablage, un grenaillage, un traitement physicochimique de type plasma ou corona ou laser, une activation chimique ou une combinaison de ces différentes techniques. The surface of the metal substrate (2) can be treated prior to the assembly of the film (3) so as to increase its specific surface and thus improve the adhesion of the film: this treatment can be chemical attack, brushing, sandblasting , shot blasting, physicochemical treatment of the plasma or corona or laser type, chemical activation or a combination of these different techniques.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2) a subi un traitement de surface préalablement à l’assemblage métallurgique de la couche métallique (4) avec la face (2a). Le traitement de surface de la face (2a) est choisi parmi une attaque chimique, un brossage, un sablage, un grenaillage, un traitement physicochimique de type plasma ou corona ou laser, une activation chimique ou une combinaison de ces différentes techniques. According to one embodiment, the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2) has undergone a surface treatment prior to the metallurgical assembly of the metallic layer (4) with the face (2a). The surface treatment of the face (2a) is chosen from chemical attack, brushing, sandblasting, shot-blasting, physicochemical treatment of the plasma or corona or laser type, chemical activation or a combination of these different techniques.
Le film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1) selon l’invention comporte une couche métallique (4) du côté opposé à la face de cuisson (5), ladite couche métallique (4) étant assemblée métallurgiquement avec la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2). The film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprises a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said metal layer (4) being assembled metallurgically with the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2).
L’adhésion sur un substrat métallique d’un film fluoré présente des difficultés techniques du fait du caractère antiadhésif intrinsèque des polymères fluorés : une des solutions consiste à utiliser une sous-couche fluorée de copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et de perfluoropropylvinyléther (PFA) ou de copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et d’hexafluoropropène (FEP) qui jouent le rôle de colle thermofusible permettant ainsi l’adhésion du film fluoré sur le substrat métallique. The adhesion to a metal substrate of a fluorinated film presents technical difficulties due to the intrinsic non-stick nature of fluorinated polymers: one of the solutions consists in using a fluorinated underlayer of copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoropropylvinyl ether (PFA) or of copolymers tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene (FEP) which act as a hot-melt adhesive, thus allowing the fluorinated film to adhere to the metal substrate.
L’avantage d’utiliser un film fluoré métallisé selon l’invention est la possibilité offerte de recourir à un procédé d’assemblage dudit film métallisé sur le substrat métallique par des technologies d’assemblage métallurgique permettant de réduire le temps de cycle et d’améliorer la qualité de l’assemblage. The advantage of using a metallized fluorinated film according to the invention is the possibility offered of using a method of assembling said metallized film on the metal substrate by metallurgical assembly technologies making it possible to reduce the cycle time and to improve the quality of assembly.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2) et/ou la couche métallique (4) est/sont en aluminium, de préférence l’une de la face (2a) et de la couche métallique (4) étant en alliage d’aluminium de la série 1000. According to one embodiment, the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2) and/or the metallic layer (4) is/are made of aluminium, preferably one of the face (2a) and of the metallic layer (4 ) being made of 1000 series aluminum alloy.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2) et la couche métallique (4) sont constituées d’un même métal, de préférence d’aluminium. According to another embodiment, the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) and the metal layer (4) are made of the same metal, preferably aluminum.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2) et la couche métallique (4) sont constituées de deux alliages différents d’un même métal, de préférence de deux alliages d’aluminium différents. According to another embodiment, the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2) and the metallic layer (4) consist of two different alloys of the same metal, preferably of two different aluminum alloys.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2) et la couche métallique (4) sont constituées de métaux différents, l’un des métaux étant de préférence l’aluminium. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la couche métallique (4) est une couche d’aluminium ou d’acier inoxydable. According to another embodiment, the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2) and the metallic layer (4) consist of different metals, one of the metals preferably being aluminium. According to another embodiment, the metal layer (4) is a layer of aluminum or stainless steel.
La couche métallique (4) est aisément différentiable du substrat métallique (2) par observations en coupe au microscope électronique à balayage (MEB). The metal layer (4) is easily distinguishable from the metal substrate (2) by sectional observations under a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
L’épaisseur de la couche métallique (4) du film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention, c’est-à-dire mesurée sur l’élément de cuisson une fois qu’il a été revêtu par le film (3), est comprise entre 1 et 500 pm, de préférence entre 5 pm et 400 pm, de manière particulièrement préférée entre 10 pm et 300 pm. The thickness of the metal layer (4) of the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention, that is to say measured on the cooking element once it has been coated with the film (3), is between 1 and 500 μm, preferably between 5 μm and 400 μm, particularly preferably between 10 μm and 300 μm.
La mesure de l’épaisseur de la couche métallique (4) est réalisée en 20 points aléatoires sur la coupe du film (3). L’épaisseur moyenne de la couche métallique est obtenue en faisant la moyenne de ces 20 mesures. The measurement of the thickness of the metallic layer (4) is carried out at 20 random points on the section of the film (3). The average thickness of the metal layer is obtained by taking the average of these 20 measurements.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention comprend une couche unique d’un polymère fluoré ou d’un mélange de polymères fluorés. According to one embodiment, the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprises a single layer of a fluorinated polymer or a mixture of fluorinated polymers.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention comprend plusieurs couches d’un polymère fluoré ou d’un mélange de polymères fluorés, lesdites couches pouvant être de composition différente. According to another embodiment, the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprises several layers of a fluorinated polymer or a mixture of fluorinated polymers, said layers possibly being of different composition .
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention comprend plusieurs couches d’un polymère fluoré ou d’un mélange de polymères fluorés, lesdites couches étant de même composition. According to another embodiment, the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprises several layers of a fluorinated polymer or a mixture of fluorinated polymers, said layers being of the same composition.
Avantageusement, le polymère fluoré ou le mélange de polymères fluorés du film (3) est choisi dans le groupe comprenant le polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et de perfluoropropylvinyléther (PFA), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et d’hexafluoropropène (FEP), le polyfluorure de vinylidène (PVDF), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et de polyméthylvinyléther (MVA), les terpolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène, de polyméthylvinyléther et de fluoroalkylvinyléther (TFE/PMVE/FAVE), l’éthylène tétrafluoroéthylène (ETFE), et leurs mélanges. Advantageously, the fluorinated polymer or the mixture of fluorinated polymers of the film (3) is chosen from the group comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoropropylvinylether (PFA), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene (FEP) , polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and polymethylvinylether (MVA), terpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene, polymethylvinylether and fluoroalkylvinylether (TFE/PMVE/FAVE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), and mixtures thereof.
De manière avantageuse, le ou les fluoropolymères peuvent être choisis parmi le polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et de perfluoropropylvinyléther (PFA), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et d’hexafluoropropène (FEP), un mélange de PTFE et de PFA (PTFE/PFA), un mélange de PTFE et de FEP (PTFE/FEP). Advantageously, the fluoropolymer(s) can be chosen from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoropropylvinylether (PFA), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene (FEP), a mixture of PTFE and PFA (PTFE/PFA), a mixture of PTFE and FEP (PTFE/FEP).
L’épaisseur de la ou des couches du polymère fluoré dudit film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention est comprise entre 5 et 500pm, de préférence entre 10 et 400pm, de manière particulièrement préférée entre 25 et 200pm. The thickness of the layer(s) of fluorinated polymer of said film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention is between 5 and 500 μm, preferably between 10 and 400 μm, particularly preferably between 25 and 200pm.
La mesure de l’épaisseur de la ou des couches du polymère fluoré du film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention, c’est-à-dire mesurée sur l’élément une fois qu’il a été revêtu par le film (3), est réalisée en 20 points aléatoires sur la coupe du film. L’épaisseur moyenne de la couche métallique est obtenue en faisant la moyenne de ces 20 mesures. The measurement of the thickness of the layer or layers of the fluoropolymer of the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention, that is to say measured on the element once it has been coated with the film (3), is made at 20 random points on the cut of the film. The average thickness of the metal layer is obtained by taking the average of these 20 measurements.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention comprend une couche (3a) de polymère fluoré formant la face de cuisson (5). According to one embodiment, the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprises a layer (3a) of fluoropolymer forming the cooking face (5).
Avantageusement, le polymère fluoré de la couche (3a) est choisi dans le groupe comprenant le polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et de perfluoropropylvinyléther (PFA), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et d’hexafluoropropène (FEP), le polyfluorure de vinylidène (PVDF), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et de polyméthylvinyléther (MVA), les terpolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène, de polyméthylvinyléther et de fluoroalkylvinyléther (TFE/PMVE/FAVE), l’éthylène tétrafluoroéthylène (ETFE), et leurs mélanges. Advantageously, the fluoropolymer of layer (3a) is selected from the group comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoropropylvinylether (PFA), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene (FEP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and polymethylvinylether (MVA), terpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene, polymethylvinylether and fluoroalkylvinylether (TFE/PMVE/FAVE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), and mixtures thereof.
De manière avantageuse, le ou les fluoropolymères peuvent être choisis parmi le polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE) et les mélanges comprenant du polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE). Advantageously, the fluoropolymer(s) can be chosen from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and mixtures comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
Le film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention peut également comprendre au moins une charge et ou au moins un renfort permettant de renforcer les propriétés mécaniques du film (3). The film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention may also comprise at least one filler and/or at least one reinforcement making it possible to reinforce the mechanical properties of the film (3).
Au titre de charges utilisables au titre de la présente invention, on peut notamment citer les oxydes métalliques, les carbures métalliques, les oxy-nitrures métalliques, les nitrures métalliques et leurs mélanges, la silice. Au titre de renforts utilisables au titre de la présente invention, on peut citer un renfort minéral ou métallique de type fibre, maille métallique, matériau ou tissu de fibre de verre. Le renfort peut également être constitué d’un polymère non fluoré à propriétés thermomécaniques élevées de type polyaryléthercétones (PEAK), comme par exemple le polyétheréthercétone (PEEK), ou de polyamide-imide (PAI). Le renfort peut se présenter sous la forme d’une couche du film (3). As fillers that can be used under the present invention, mention may in particular be made of metal oxides, metal carbides, metal oxy-nitrides, metal nitrides and their mixtures, silica. As reinforcements that can be used under the present invention, mention may be made of a mineral or metal reinforcement of the fiber, metal mesh, fiberglass material or fabric type. The reinforcement may also consist of a non-fluorinated polymer with high thermomechanical properties of the polyaryletherketone (PEAK) type, such as for example polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or of polyamide-imide (PAI). The reinforcement can be in the form of a layer of the film (3).
Dans l’exemple de réalisation illustré sur les figures 1 et 2, le film (3) comporte 3 couches (3a, 3b, 3c). In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the film (3) comprises 3 layers (3a, 3b, 3c).
L’épaisseur totale du film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention, c’est-à- dire mesurée sur l’élément de cuisson une fois qu’il a été revêtu par le film (3), est comprise entre 10 pm et 1 mm, de préférence entre 50 pm et 800 pm, de manière particulièrement préférée entre 100 pm et 500 pm. The total thickness of the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention, that is to say measured on the cooking element once it has been coated with the film ( 3), is between 10 μm and 1 mm, preferably between 50 μm and 800 μm, particularly preferably between 100 μm and 500 μm.
La mesure de l’épaisseur du film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention est réalisée en 20 points aléatoires sur la coupe du film. L’épaisseur moyenne de la couche métallique est obtenue en faisant la moyenne de ces 20 mesures. The measurement of the thickness of the film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) according to the invention is carried out at 20 random points on the cut of the film. The average thickness of the metal layer is obtained by taking the average of these 20 measurements.
Le film (3) avant assemblage métallurgique avec le substrat métallique (2) peut être obtenu par dépôt d’une première couche sur un support, puis éventuellement par le dépôt successif des autres couches, puis par exfoliation dudit film pour le séparer du support. Les couches du film (3) peuvent également être assemblées entre elles par tout autre procédé d’assemblage, comme par laminage par exemple. The film (3) before metallurgical assembly with the metal substrate (2) can be obtained by depositing a first layer on a support, then optionally by successively depositing the other layers, then by exfoliating said film to separate it from the support. The layers of the film (3) can also be assembled together by any other assembly process, such as lamination for example.
La couche métallique (4) du film (3) avant assemblage métallurgique avec le substrat métallique (2) peut être obtenue par différents procédés parmi lesquels la métallisation sous vide dudit film ou le laminage. The metal layer (4) of the film (3) before metallurgical assembly with the metal substrate (2) can be obtained by various methods, including vacuum metallization of said film or rolling.
L’épaisseur de la couche métallique (4) du film (3) avant assemblage métallurgique avec le substrat métallique (2) est comprise entre 1 pm et 500 pm, de préférence entre 5 pm et 400 pm, de manière particulièrement préférée entre 10 pm et 300 pm. The thickness of the metal layer (4) of the film (3) before metallurgical assembly with the metal substrate (2) is between 1 μm and 500 μm, preferably between 5 μm and 400 μm, particularly preferably between 10 μm and 300 pm.
L’épaisseur de la ou des couches du polymère fluoré du film (3) avant assemblage métallurgique avec le substrat métallique (2) est comprise entre 5 pm et 500 pm, de préférence entre 10 pm et 400 pm, de manière particulièrement préférée entre 25 pm et 200 pm. The thickness of the layer or layers of the fluoropolymer of the film (3) before metallurgical assembly with the metal substrate (2) is between 5 μm and 500 μm, from preferably between 10 μm and 400 μm, particularly preferably between 25 μm and 200 μm.
L’épaisseur totale du film (3) avant assemblage métallurgique avec le substrat métallique (2) est comprise entre 10pm et 1mm, de préférence entre 50pm et 800pm, de manière particulièrement préférée entre 100pm et 500pm. The total thickness of the film (3) before metallurgical assembly with the metal substrate (2) is between 10 μm and 1 mm, preferably between 50 μm and 800 μm, particularly preferably between 100 μm and 500 μm.
Un autre objet de l’invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d’un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) pour article culinaire ou appareil électrique de cuisson, comportant un substrat métallique (2) revêtu sur au moins une face (2a) par un film (3) formant une face de cuisson (5), le film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s) et une couche métallique (4) du côté opposé à la face de cuisson (5), ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes : i. Fourniture du substrat métallique (2), ii. Eventuellement, traitement préalable de la face (2a) dudit substrat métallique (2) destinée à être revêtue, iii. Fourniture du film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s) et une couche métallique (4), iv. Positionnement de la couche métallique (4) du film (3) sur la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2), v. Réalisation de l’assemblage métallurgique dudit substrat métallique (2) et de la couche métallique (4). Another object of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) for a culinary article or electric cooking appliance, comprising a metal substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) with a film (3) forming a cooking face (5), the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluoropolymer(s) and a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said method comprising the following steps: i. Supply of the metallic substrate (2), ii. Optionally, prior treatment of the face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) intended to be coated, iii. Supply of the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metallic layer (4), iv. Positioning of the metallic layer (4) of the film (3) on the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2), v. Realization of the metallurgical assembly of said metallic substrate (2) and of the metallic layer (4).
Un autre objet de l’invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d’un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention comprenant les étapes suivantes : i. Fourniture d’un substrat métallique (2), ii. Eventuellement, traitement préalable de la face (2a) dudit substrat métallique (2) destinée à être revêtue, iii. Fourniture d’un film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s) et une couche métallique (4), iv. Positionnement de la couche métallique (4) du film (3) sur la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2), v. Réalisation de l’assemblage métallurgique dudit substrat métallique (2) et de la couche métallique (4). Les caractéristiques du film (3) et du substrat métallique (2) sont telles que décrites ci- dessus pour l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ). Another object of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention comprising the following steps: i. Provision of a metal substrate (2), ii. Optionally, prior treatment of the face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) intended to be coated, iii. Supply of a film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metallic layer (4), iv. Positioning of the metallic layer (4) of the film (3) on the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2), v. Realization of the metallurgical assembly of said metallic substrate (2) and of the metallic layer (4). The characteristics of the film (3) and of the metal substrate (2) are as described above for the coated cooking element (1).
Le film (3) de l’élément de cuisson revêtu (1) fabriqué selon le procédé de l’invention comporte une couche métallique (4) du côté opposé à la face de cuisson (5), ladite couche métallique (4) étant assemblée métallurgiquement avec la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2) selon le procédé de l’invention. The film (3) of the coated cooking element (1) manufactured according to the method of the invention comprises a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking surface (5), said metal layer (4) being assembled metallurgically with the face (2a) of the metal substrate (2) according to the method of the invention.
Afin de ne pas endommager le film (3) lors de l’étape d’assemblage, le procédé de fabrication selon l’invention peut comprendre en outre une étape de chauffage du substrat métallique (2) entre l’étape iii. et l’étape iv. , de préférence à une température comprise entre 300° C et 550° C, et/ou entre l’étape iv. et l’étape v., de préférence à une température entre 300° C et 380° C. In order not to damage the film (3) during the assembly step, the manufacturing method according to the invention may further comprise a step of heating the metal substrate (2) between step iii. and step iv. , preferably at a temperature between 300° C. and 550° C., and/or between step iv. and step v., preferably at a temperature between 300°C and 380°C.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’étape v. d’assemblage est réalisée à chaud, par exemple par liaison par frappe à chaud, par laminage à chaud, par diffusion à chaud sous charge, ou par brasage. According to one embodiment, step v. assembly is made hot, for example by bonding by hot stamping, by hot rolling, by hot diffusion under load, or by brazing.
De préférence, l’étape v. d’assemblage est réalisée par liaison par frappe à chaud. Preferably, step v. assembly is carried out by bonding by hot stamping.
Lorsqu’elle est réalisée à chaud, l’étape v. d’assemblage métallurgique est réalisée à une température comprise entre 300° C et 400° C, de préférence entre 350° C et 380° C. When performed hot, step v. metallurgical assembly is carried out at a temperature between 300° C and 400° C, preferably between 350° C and 380° C.
La figure 3 illustre un élément de cuisson revêtu (1) selon l’invention formant un récipient de cuisson. Le film (3) assemblé avec le substrat métallique (2) forme la face de cuisson (5) agencée à l’intérieur du récipient de cuisson. Figure 3 illustrates a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention forming a cooking vessel. The film (3) assembled with the metallic substrate (2) forms the cooking surface (5) arranged inside the cooking vessel.
Un autre objet de l’invention concerne un article culinaire (100) comprenant un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention. Another object of the invention relates to a cooking utensil (100) comprising a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention.
Selon un mode de réalisation illustré sur la Figure 4, l’article culinaire (100) selon l’invention comporte un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) formant récipient de cuisson et est équipé d’un organe de préhension (7) fixé sur ledit élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ). L’article culinaire (100) comporte une face de chauffe (6) destinée à être mise en contact avec une source de chauffage extérieure, la face de chauffe (6) étant opposée à la face de cuisson (5) destinée à être mise en contact avec les aliments lors de la cuisson. L’article culinaire (100) selon l’invention est choisi dans le groupe constitué de casserole, poêle, poêlons ou caquelons pour fondue ou raclette, fait-tout, wok, sauteuse, crêpière, grill, plancha, marmite, cocotte, cuve de cuiseur ou de machine à pain, moule culinaire. Ainsi l’article culinaire (100) peut former un accessoire de cuisson pour un appareil électrique de cuisson. According to one embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, the cooking utensil (100) according to the invention comprises a coated cooking element (1) forming a cooking vessel and is equipped with a gripping member (7) fixed to said coated cooking element (1). The cookware (100) comprises a heating face (6) intended to be brought into contact with an external heating source, the heating face (6) being opposite the cooking face (5) intended to be brought into contact with food during cooking. The culinary article (100) according to the invention is chosen from the group consisting of saucepan, frying pan, saucepans or caquelons for fondue or raclette, stewpan, wok, sauté pan, crepe maker, grill, plancha, pot, casserole dish, cooker or bread machine, culinary mould. Thus the cookware (100) can form a cooking accessory for an electric cooking appliance.
Un autre objet de l’invention concerne un appareil électrique de cuisson (200) comprenant un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’invention. Selon un autre mode de réalisation illustré sur la Figure 5, l’appareil électrique de cuisson (200) selon l’invention comporte un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) et une source de chauffage (210) configurée pour chauffer ledit élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ). L’élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) formant récipient de cuisson est agencé dans une base chauffante (230) comportant la source de chauffage (210) composée de plusieurs éléments de chauffe (220). La face (6) repose sur les éléments de chauffe (220). Si désiré, la face (6) peut être solidaire des éléments de chauffe (220). Another object of the invention relates to an electrical cooking appliance (200) comprising a coated cooking element (1) according to the invention. According to another embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, the electrical cooking appliance (200) according to the invention comprises a coated cooking element (1) and a heating source (210) configured to heat said coated cooking element (1 ). The coated cooking element (1) forming a cooking vessel is arranged in a heating base (230) comprising the heating source (210) composed of several heating elements (220). The face (6) rests on the heating elements (220). If desired, the face (6) can be secured to the heating elements (220).
L’appareil électrique de cuisson (200) selon l’invention est choisi dans le groupe constitué de crêpière électrique, appareil électrique à raclette, appareil électrique à fondue, grill électrique, plancha électrique, cuiseur électrique, machine à pain. The electric cooking appliance (200) according to the invention is chosen from the group consisting of electric crepe maker, electric raclette appliance, electric fondue appliance, electric grill, electric griddle, electric cooker, bread machine.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) pour article culinaire ou appareil électrique de cuisson, comportant un substrat métallique (2) revêtu sur au moins une face (2a) par un film (3) formant une face de cuisson (5), le film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s), le film (3) étant assemblé avec le substrat métallique (2), caractérisé en ce que le film (3) comporte une couche métallique (4) du côté opposé à la face de cuisson (5), ladite couche métallique (4) étant assemblée métallurgiquement avec la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2). 1. Coated cooking element (1) for a culinary item or electrical cooking appliance, comprising a metal substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) by a film (3) forming a cooking face (5), the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s), the film (3) being assembled with the metallic substrate (2), characterized in that the film (3) comprises a metallic layer (4) on the side opposite the cooking face (5), said metallic layer (4) being metallurgically assembled with the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2).
2. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que ledit substrat métallique (2) est un substrat en aluminium, en acier inoxydable ou un substrat métallique multicouches. 2. coated cooking element (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that said metal substrate (2) is an aluminum substrate, stainless steel or a multilayer metal substrate.
3. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la face (2a) et/ou la couche métallique (4) est/sont en aluminium, de préférence l’une de la face (2a) et de la couche métallique (4) étant en alliage d’aluminium de la série 1000. 3. coated cooking element (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the face (2a) and / or the metal layer (4) is / are aluminum, preferably one of the face (2a) and the metal layer (4) being made of aluminum alloy of the 1000 series.
4. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que la face (2a) a subi un traitement de surface préalablement à l’assemblage métallurgique de la couche métallique (4) avec la face (2a). 4. coated cooking element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the face (2a) has undergone a surface treatment prior to the metallurgical assembly of the metal layer (4) with the face (2a).
5. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon la revendication 4 caractérisé en ce que ledit traitement de surface est choisi parmi une attaque chimique, un brossage, un sablage, un grenaillage, un traitement physicochimique de type plasma ou corona ou laser, une activation chimique ou une combinaison de ces différentes techniques. 5. coated cooking element (1) according to claim 4 characterized in that said surface treatment is chosen from chemical attack, brushing, sandblasting, shot blasting, physicochemical treatment of the plasma or corona or laser type, activation chemical or a combination of these different techniques.
6. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la face (2a) et ladite couche métallique (4) sont constituées d’un même métal, de préférence d’aluminium. 6. coated cooking element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the face (2a) and said metal layer (4) consist of the same metal, preferably aluminum.
7. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la face (2a) et ladite couche métallique (4) sont constituées de deux alliages différents d’un même métal, de préférence de deux alliages d’aluminium différents. 7. coated cooking element (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the face (2a) and said metal layer (4) consist of two different alloys of the same metal, preferably of two aluminum alloys different.
8. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la face (2a) et ladite couche métallique (4) sont constituées de métaux différents, l’un des métaux étant de préférence l’aluminium. 8. coated cooking element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the face (2a) and said metal layer (4) consist of different metals, one of the metals preferably being aluminum.
9. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite couche métallique (4) est une couche d’aluminium ou d’acier inoxydable. 9. coated cooking element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said metal layer (4) is a layer of aluminum or stainless steel.
10. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l’épaisseur dudit film (3) est comprise entre 10 pm et 1 mm, de préférence entre 50 pm et 800 pm, de manière particulièrement préférée entre 100 pm et 500 pm. 10. coated cooking element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the thickness of said film (3) is between 10 μm and 1 mm, preferably between 50 μm and 800 μm, particularly preferably between 100 μm and 500 μm.
11. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l’épaisseur de la couche métallique (4) est comprise entre 1 et 500 pm, de préférence entre 5 pm et 400 pm, de manière particulièrement préférée 10 pm et 300 pm. 11. coated cooking element (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the thickness of the metal layer (4) is between 1 and 500 μm, preferably between 5 μm and 400 μm, particularly preferably 10 pm and 300 pm.
12. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon la revendication 10 ou 11 caractérisé en ce que l’épaisseur de la ou des couches de polymère fluoré dudit film (3) est comprise entre 5 pm et 500 pm, de préférence entre 10 pm et 400 pm, de manière particulièrement préférée entre 25 pm et 200 pm. 12. coated cooking element (1) according to claim 10 or 11 characterized in that the thickness of the layer or layers of fluoropolymer of said film (3) is between 5 μm and 500 μm, preferably between 10 μm and 400 μm, particularly preferably between 25 μm and 200 μm.
13. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que ledit film (3) comprend une couche unique d’un polymère fluoré ou d’un mélange de polymères fluorés. 13. coated cooking element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said film (3) comprises a single layer of a fluorinated polymer or a mixture of fluorinated polymers.
14. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 12 caractérisé en ce que ledit film (3) comprend plusieurs couches d’un polymère fluoré ou d’un mélange de polymères fluorés, lesdites couches pouvant être de composition différente. 14. coated cooking element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 12 characterized in that said film (3) comprises several layers of a fluorinated polymer or a mixture of fluorinated polymers, said layers being able to be of different composition.
15. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que ledit film (3) comprend une couche (3a) de polymère fluoré formant la face de cuisson (5). 15. coated cooking element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said film (3) comprises a layer (3a) of fluoropolymer forming the cooking face (5).
16. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le polymère fluoré ou le mélange de polymères fluorés dudit film (3) est choisi dans le groupe comprenant le polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et de perfluoropropylvinyléther (PFA), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et d’hexafluoropropène (FEP), le polyfluorure de vinylidène (PVDF), les copolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène et de polyméthylvinyléther (MVA), les terpolymères de tétrafluoroéthylène, de polyméthylvinyléther et de fluoroalkylvinyléther (TFE/PMVE/FAVE), l’éthylène tétrafluoroéthylène (ETFE), et leurs mélanges. 16. Coated cooking element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluoropolymer or the mixture of fluoropolymers of said film (3) is chosen from the group comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoropropylvinylether (PFA), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene (FEP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and polymethylvinylether (MVA), terpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene, polymethylvinylether and fluoroalkylvinylether ( TFE/PMVE/FAVE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), and mixtures thereof.
17. Elément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le film (3) comprend en outre au moins une charge et/ou au moins un renfort. 17. Coated cooking element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the film (3) further comprises at least one filler and/or at least one reinforcement.
18. Procédé de fabrication d’un élément de cuisson revêtu (1) pour article culinaire ou appareil électrique de cuisson, comportant un substrat métallique (2) revêtu sur au moins une face (2a) par un film (3) formant une face de cuisson (5), le film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s) et une couche métallique (4) du côté opposé à la face de cuisson (5), ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes : i. Fourniture du substrat métallique (2), ii. Eventuellement, traitement préalable de la face (2a) dudit substrat métallique (2) destinée à être revêtue, iii. Fourniture du film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s) et une couche métallique (4), iv. Positionnement de la couche métallique (4) du film (3) sur la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2), v. Réalisation de l’assemblage métallurgique dudit substrat métallique (2) et de la couche métallique (4). 18. Method for manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) for a culinary article or electrical cooking appliance, comprising a metallic substrate (2) coated on at least one face (2a) with a film (3) forming a face of baking (5), the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metal layer (4) on the side opposite the baking face (5), said method comprising the following steps: i. Supply of the metallic substrate (2), ii. Optionally, prior treatment of the face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) intended to be coated, iii. Supply of the film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metal layer (4), iv. Positioning of the metallic layer (4) of the film (3) on the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2), v. Realization of the metallurgical assembly of said metallic substrate (2) and of the metallic layer (4).
19. Procédé de fabrication d’un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17 comprenant les étapes suivantes : i. Fourniture d’un substrat métallique (2), ii. Eventuellement, traitement préalable de la face (2a) dudit substrat métallique (2) destinée à être revêtue, iii. Fourniture d’un film (3) comprenant une ou plusieurs couches de polymère(s) fluoré(s) et une couche métallique (4), iv. Positionnement de la couche métallique (4) du film (3) sur la face (2a) du substrat métallique (2), v. Réalisation de l’assemblage métallurgique dudit substrat métallique (2) et de la couche métallique (4). 19. A method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17 comprising the following steps: i. Provision of a metal substrate (2), ii. Optionally, prior treatment of the face (2a) of said metal substrate (2) intended to be coated, iii. Supply of a film (3) comprising one or more layers of fluorinated polymer(s) and a metallic layer (4), iv. Positioning of the metallic layer (4) of the film (3) on the face (2a) of the metallic substrate (2), v. Realization of the metallurgical assembly of said metallic substrate (2) and of the metallic layer (4).
20. Procédé de fabrication d’un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon la revendication 18 ou 19, caractérisé en ce que le substrat métallique (2) est chauffé entre l’étape iii. et l’étape iv. de préférence à une température comprise entre 300° C et 550° C, et/ou entre l’étape iv. et l’étape v., de préférence à une température comprise entre 300° C et 380°C. 20. A method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the metal substrate (2) is heated between step iii. and step iv. preferably at a temperature between 300°C and 550°C, and/or between step iv. and step v., preferably at a temperature between 300°C and 380°C.
21. Procédé de fabrication d’un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 18 à 20, caractérisé en ce que l’étape v. d’assemblage métallurgique est réalisée à chaud, par exemple par frappe à chaud, par laminage à chaud, par diffusion à chaud sous charge, ou par brasage. 21. A method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that step v. metallurgical assembly is carried out hot, for example by hot stamping, by hot rolling, by hot diffusion under load, or by brazing.
22. Procédé de fabrication d’un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) selon la revendication 21 , caractérisé en ce que l’étape v. d’assemblage métallurgique est réalisée à une température comprise entre 300° C et 400° C, de préférence entre 350° C et 380° C. 22. A method of manufacturing a coated cooking element (1) according to claim 21, characterized in that step v. metallurgical assembly is carried out at a temperature between 300° C and 400° C, preferably between 350° C and 380° C.
23. Article culinaire (100) comprenant un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) conforme à l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17. 23. Cookware (100) comprising a coated cooking element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
24. Article culinaire (100) selon la revendication 23 caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte une face de chauffe (6) destinée à être mise en contact avec une source de chauffage extérieure, la face de chauffe (6) étant opposée à la face de cuisson (5) destinée à être mise en contact avec les aliments lors de la cuisson. 24. Culinary article (100) according to claim 23 characterized in that it comprises a heating face (6) intended to be brought into contact with an external heating source, the heating face (6) being opposite the heating face cooking (5) intended to be brought into contact with food during cooking.
25. Article culinaire (100) selon l’une des revendications 23 ou 24 choisi dans le groupe constitué de casserole, poêle, poêlons ou caquelons pour fondue ou raclette, fait- tout, wok, sauteuse, crêpière, grill, plancha, marmite, cocotte, cuve de cuiseur ou de machine à pain, moule culinaire. 25. Cookware (100) according to one of claims 23 or 24 chosen from the group consisting of saucepan, frying pan, saucepans or fondue pots or raclette, casserole, wok, sauté pan, griddle, grill, plancha, pot, cocotte, cooker or bread machine tank, culinary mould.
26. Appareil électrique de cuisson (200) comportant un élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) et une source de chauffage (210) configurée pour chauffer ledit élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ), caractérisé en ce que ledit élément de cuisson revêtu (1 ) est conforme à l’une des revendications 1 à 17. 26. Electrical cooking appliance (200) comprising a coated cooking element (1) and a heating source (210) configured to heat said coated cooking element (1), characterized in that said coated cooking element (1) is in accordance with one of claims 1 to 17.
27. Appareil électrique de cuisson (200) selon la revendication 26, choisi dans le groupe constitué de crêpière électrique, appareil électrique à raclette, appareil électrique à fondue, grill électrique, plancha électrique, cuiseur électrique, machine à pain. 27. Electrical cooking appliance (200) according to claim 26, selected from the group consisting of electric crepe maker, electric raclette appliance, electric fondue appliance, electric grill, electric griddle, electric cooker, bread machine.
PCT/FR2022/051249 2021-06-24 2022-06-24 Cooking element coated with an anti-adhesive fluorinated polymeric film WO2022269206A1 (en)

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FR2106783A FR3124367A1 (en) 2021-06-24 2021-06-24 COOKING ELEMENT COATED WITH A NON-STICK FLUORINE POLYMERIC FILM

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