WO2022269112A1 - Breakwater - Google Patents
Breakwater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022269112A1 WO2022269112A1 PCT/ES2022/070370 ES2022070370W WO2022269112A1 WO 2022269112 A1 WO2022269112 A1 WO 2022269112A1 ES 2022070370 W ES2022070370 W ES 2022070370W WO 2022269112 A1 WO2022269112 A1 WO 2022269112A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- breakwater
- wave
- breakwater according
- front surface
- waves
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010019133 Hangover Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a breakwater, which allows most of the wave energy to return to the sea, so that only a small part is dissipated on the breakwater.
- a breakwater is a coastal structure whose main purpose is to protect the coast or a port from the action of sea waves or weather. They are usually calculated for a given wave height with a specified return period.
- a breakwater is designed to cause a reduction in the intensity of the waves and its design is mainly based on building a mountain through the accumulation of materials with various sizes. Part of that mountain will be submerged and another part will be surfaced.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a breakwater in which most of the wave energy returns to the sea, whereby only a small part is dissipated in the breakwater.
- the breakwater according to the present invention comprises a wave-beating body, wherein the wave-beating body comprises a plurality of surfaces, each having a different inclination, said inclinations defining different angles with respect to the horizontal.
- the surfaces are:
- the angle defined by each surface increases from the front surface to the rear surface.
- each surface is preferably different, and the length of each surface decreases from the front surface to the rear surface.
- the angle defined by the front surface is between 20° and 30°
- the angles defined by the intermediate surfaces are between 45° and 80°
- the angle defined by the rear surface is of 90°.
- the body has a height between 1 and 30 meters
- the length of the front surface is between 50% and 100% of the total height of the body
- the lengths of the intermediate surfaces are between 20% to 50% of the total height of the body
- the length of the rear surface is between 2 meters and 6 meters.
- said body on which the waves hit comprises a chamber, located in a rear position, and some lateral floats and/or a rear float, which can be filled with water or air, with water to submerge them to the depth of use. and can be injected air inside, displacing the water so that the breakwater floats and is easily towed by a tugboat to its location.
- said body may comprise fastening elements, such as chains, to fasten it to a seabed.
- the front surface has a slope such that the corresponding Iribarren number is greater than 2.3, the Iribarren number being defined according to the following formula:
- - P is the slope of the beach where the breakwater is installed
- - H is the height of the waves that are expected to hit the body
- - T is the period of the waves that are expected to hit the body.
- the breakwater according to the present invention is based on preventing the wave from breaking, so that it has an end of the oscillation or surf type, called "surging" in English.
- the Iribarren number depends on the slope of the beach and the height and period/length of the arriving wave.
- Iribarren number Beach slope x 1.25/VH X T
- - T is the period of the wave.
- the breakwater according to the present invention By preventing the wave from breaking, the breakwater according to the present invention causes most of the wave energy to return to the sea, whereby only a small part is dissipated in the breakwater.
- the shape of the breakwater according to the present invention seeks to redirect the movement of the wave in a vertical direction, preventing it from breaking.
- the wave is allowed to enter at one end, and the shape of the breakwater forces the wave to change direction, so that it enters horizontally, leaves vertically and returns backwards.
- the shape of the breakwater according to the present invention increases the speed of the water inside it, which produces a suction effect at the bottom, which affects the part of the wave that passes under the breakwater. In this way, the theoretical attenuation is significantly increased.
- the breakwater according to the present invention can be used in fixed (supported) or floating installations.
- fixed or supported installations a simple solution is the placement on piles of a resistant prefabricated metal or concrete structure, the piles being behind the breakwater and protected by the breakwater itself.
- the breakwater does not need to rest on the ground, so currents can continue to pass under the breakwater with significantly less ecosystem disturbance than traditional breakwaters.
- the breakwater according to the present invention achieves wave attenuation results similar to the breakwater in fixed installations (85% - 95%), unlike currently known floating breakwaters, with minimal visual impact.
- the body can be emptied, so it is very easy to move the floating breakwater from one place to another, floating like a ship. This is particularly interesting for applications where a permanent breakwater is not required, for example, for the construction and maintenance of offshore wind farms.
- Figure 1 is a side view of the breakwater in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a front view of the breakwater in accordance with the present invention
- Figure 3 is a side view of a specific embodiment of the breakwater in accordance with the present invention
- Y is a specific embodiment of the breakwater in accordance with the present invention
- Figures 4 and 5 are comparative graphs of water surface elevations as a function of breakwater position in accordance with the present invention.
- the breakwater according to the present invention is formed from a body (1) on which the waves hit, and which comprises a plurality of surfaces (11, 12, 13, 14), four in the embodiment shown, each of which has a different inclination, said inclinations defining different angles with respect to the horizontal.
- each surface (11, 12, 13, 14) increases from the front surface (11) to the rear surface (14), and the length of each surface (11, 12 , 13, 14) is different, tapering from the front surface (11) to the rear surface (14).
- the angle defined by the front surface (11) is between 20° and 30°, for example 25°
- the angles defined by the intermediate surfaces (12, 13) are between 45° and 80°, for example, 45° and 70°
- the angle defined by the rear surface (14) is 90°.
- the length of the front surface (11) is between 5 and 7 meters, for example, 6 meters
- the lengths of the intermediate surfaces (12, 13) are between 3 and 2 meters, for example, 2.8 meters and 2.1 meters
- the length of the rear surface (14) is 2 meters or less.
- said body (1) includes lateral floats (2) and fastening elements (3) to fasten it to a seabed.
- - P is the slope of the beach where the breakwater is installed
- - H is the height of the waves that are expected to hit the body
- - T is the period of the waves that are expected to hit the body.
- the wave finds an intermediate surface (12) of 40° - 45°, then an intermediate surface (13), for example, of 60°, then it could find another intermediate surface of 80°, and finally a rear surface (14) upright.
- the body (1) in its rear part, that is to say, in the opposite part to the entrance of the wave, can include a chamber (4) that can be filled with water.
- This chamber (4) has three missions:
- this chamber (4) can easily be increased by extending the body (1) at the rear, if considered convenient.
- the water since the water is incompressible, it helps to resist the pressure of the wave that arrives, when it crashes against the inclined surfaces, reinforcing itself from the back. On the other hand, when the entry of the wave tries to rotate the body (1) downwards, the inertia and the weight distribution prevent it.
- the flotation and rigidity of the assembly are achieved by means of empty lateral floats (2), and optionally by means of a rear float (5).
- the breakwater according to the present invention when it is floating, can be anchored by means of fastening elements (3), such as chains, for example, by means of a single main anchor with its anchoring chain (3) that rests on the bottom. .
- This chain (3) will have a high safety factor.
- breakwater in accordance with the present invention will normally be placed at an angle of approximately 10° to the prevailing direction of the waves, with three objectives:
- Figure 3 shows a specific embodiment of the breakwater according to the present invention, indicating the values of the inclinations and the lengths of each surface.
- Figures 4 and 5 show comparative graphs of the elevations of the water surface as a function of the position of the breakwater according to the present invention, with the values indicated in figure 3. Specifically, figure 4 indicates the elevations of the water surface in positions before the breakwater, and figure 5 indicates the elevations of the water surface in positions after the breakwater, where the attenuation effect of the sea can be appreciated. breakwater above water surface elevation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22753719.8A EP4361350A1 (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2022-06-13 | Breakwater |
AU2022296874A AU2022296874A1 (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2022-06-13 | Breakwater |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ESP202130586 | 2021-06-22 | ||
ES202130586A ES2864875B2 (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Breakwater. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022269112A1 true WO2022269112A1 (en) | 2022-12-29 |
Family
ID=78048927
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2022/070370 WO2022269112A1 (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2022-06-13 | Breakwater |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4361350A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2022296874A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2864875B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2022269112A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2900844B2 (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-01-24 | Arena Syscom Consulting S L | Maritime electric power generating module and maritime electric power generating structure made up of said modules |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6935808B1 (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2005-08-30 | Harry Edward Dempster | Breakwater |
EP1865112A1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2007-12-12 | Universidad de Granada | Mound breakwater having a geometry that provides maximum stability |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20140106971A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-04 | 주식회사 디섹 | Floating breakwater system of offshore structure |
CN105696516B (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2018-10-16 | 中山大学 | It is a kind of can under extreme sea condition anti-wave and hedging floating breakwater and its application method |
CN108755573A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of novel flexible floating breakwater |
CN211735252U (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-10-23 | 上海东江建筑勘察设计工程有限公司 | Ecological revetment structure for water and soil conservation |
CN111676900B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-05-13 | 福建万山水利水电设计有限公司 | Slope type seawall and construction method thereof |
CN112160284B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-10-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Cage type mooring wave-absorbing dike |
-
2021
- 2021-06-22 ES ES202130586A patent/ES2864875B2/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-06-13 WO PCT/ES2022/070370 patent/WO2022269112A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-06-13 EP EP22753719.8A patent/EP4361350A1/en active Pending
- 2022-06-13 AU AU2022296874A patent/AU2022296874A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6935808B1 (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2005-08-30 | Harry Edward Dempster | Breakwater |
EP1865112A1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2007-12-12 | Universidad de Granada | Mound breakwater having a geometry that provides maximum stability |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2022296874A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
EP4361350A1 (en) | 2024-05-01 |
ES2864875A1 (en) | 2021-10-14 |
ES2864875B2 (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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