CN112160284B - Cage type mooring wave-absorbing dike - Google Patents
Cage type mooring wave-absorbing dike Download PDFInfo
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- CN112160284B CN112160284B CN202011018600.2A CN202011018600A CN112160284B CN 112160284 B CN112160284 B CN 112160284B CN 202011018600 A CN202011018600 A CN 202011018600A CN 112160284 B CN112160284 B CN 112160284B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 72
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 26
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wave absorbing dikes, and discloses a cage-type mooring wave absorbing dike, which comprises a framework cage body and a buoyancy tank assembly fixed at the upper end of the framework cage body, wherein wave absorbing mechanisms are respectively arranged inside the front side and the rear side of the framework cage body, each wave absorbing mechanism comprises a plurality of wave absorbing plate assemblies which are transversely distributed in parallel and a plurality of positioning partition plates which are longitudinally distributed and used for positioning the wave absorbing plate assemblies, a wave absorbing channel is formed between every two adjacent wave absorbing plate assemblies, and a rectifying mechanism is arranged at a position between the two wave absorbing mechanisms in the framework cage body; the bottom of the framework cage body is fixed with a bottom plate, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate is fixed with a plurality of mooring connecting seats. The invention has the beneficial effect of good wave-absorbing effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of breakwaters, in particular to a cage-type mooring breakwater.
Background
The wave-breaking embankment is a facility for protecting a certain water area from being invaded by external waves, and the wave-breaking embankment can reduce the impact of ocean waves, so that a relatively stable area is constructed in a certain ocean range, and the area is convenient for ship loading and unloading, breeding operation and the like. Research shows that most of wave energy is gathered on the surface of waves, but most of materials are used below a conventional wave-absorbing embankment by the conventional wave-absorbing embankment, the materials are wasted and are not easy to maintain, the wave-absorbing effect is not ideal, in order to reduce cost, a floating wave-absorbing embankment is adopted by the conventional wave-absorbing embankment, and the conventional floating wave-absorbing embankment comprises a carpet type flexible floating wave-absorbing embankment, a frame type wave-absorbing embankment and a shaking type wave-absorbing embankment, but the conventional wave-absorbing embankment has poor wave-absorbing effect, waves still have large wave amplitude and wave frequency when passing through the wave-absorbing embankment, and a water area constructed by the wave-absorbing embankment is not stable enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cage-type mooring wave absorption dike which can greatly reduce wave frequency and wave amplitude and has better wave absorption effect through multi-stage wave absorption in order to solve the problem of poor wave absorption effect of the wave absorption dike in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cage type mooring wave absorption dike comprises a framework cage body and a buoyancy tank assembly fixed at the upper end of the framework cage body, wherein wave absorption mechanisms are arranged inside the front side and the rear side of the framework cage body respectively, each wave absorption mechanism comprises a plurality of wave absorption plate assemblies which are transversely distributed in parallel and a plurality of positioning partition plates which are longitudinally distributed and used for positioning the wave absorption plate assemblies, a wave absorption channel is formed between every two adjacent wave absorption plate assemblies, and a rectifying mechanism is arranged at a position, which is positioned between the two wave absorption mechanisms, in the framework cage body; the bottom of the framework cage body is fixed with a bottom plate, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate is fixed with a plurality of mooring connecting seats. After the wave-absorbing embankment is thrown into a water area, the wave-absorbing embankment is connected with a mooring connecting seat through a guy cable, the other end of the guy cable is fixed with the water bottom through an anchoring part and floats on the water surface through a buoyancy tank assembly, and a framework cage body is completely immersed below the water surface; the waves impact the front side face of the wave-absorbing embankment, water waves enter the wave-absorbing channel in the wave-absorbing mechanism in front, the water waves after being absorbed enter the wave-absorbing channel in the wave-absorbing mechanism behind again for secondary wave absorption, the water waves after the secondary wave absorption are stable, and the wave frequency and the wave amplitude are both obviously reduced.
Preferably, the buoyancy tank assembly comprises a buoyancy tank mounting seat, the buoyancy tank mounting seat is fixed to the upper end of the framework cage body, side buoyancy tanks are fixed to two sides of the buoyancy tank mounting seat, a plurality of upper buoyancy tanks are arranged on the top surface of the buoyancy tank mounting seat, and wave guide grooves are formed between every two adjacent upper buoyancy tanks. The side buoyancy tank and the upper buoyancy tank play a role in buoyancy.
Preferably, the top surface of the buoyancy tank mounting seat is located between the lower ends of two adjacent upper buoyancy tanks and is provided with a connecting rib, the connecting rib is provided with a diversion trench, and a reinforcing rib is arranged between the side surface of the upper buoyancy tank on the outermost side and the side surface of the side buoyancy tank. The connecting ribs and the reinforcing ribs are used for increasing the overall strength and the connecting strength, so that the overall wind and wave resistance is improved, and the stability is better.
Preferably, the wave-absorbing plate assembly comprises an upper horizontal plate, a lower horizontal plate and an inclined plate for connecting the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate, and the connecting end of the upper horizontal plate and the inclined plate extends outwards to form a spoiler. The water waves flow into the gap between the two lower horizontal plates and then flow upwards along the gap between the inclined plates, the direction of the water waves is changed again when the water waves pass through the spoiler, the water waves are turned back at the spoiler to form a spoiler area, and the water waves in the front and the water waves in the spoiler area are mixed and then enter the gap between the upper horizontal plates; the wave eliminating channel limits the amplitude of the water wave, the direction of the water wave is changed for many times, energy attenuation can be caused by each change, after the turbulent flow area is mixed with the water wave, the acting force of water molecules enables a large amount of kinetic energy in the water wave to be mutually offset, the flow speed of the water wave is slowed down, the kinetic energy is reduced, the water wave with small amplitude, small wave frequency and small kinetic energy flowing out of the wave eliminating mechanism on the front side of the framework cage body enters the wave eliminating mechanism on the rear side of the framework cage body again, and the water wave finally becomes stable water flow through secondary wave elimination of the wave eliminating channel (in the whole process, a large part of kinetic energy of the water wave is converted into the kinetic energy of the wave eliminating dike floating on the water surface). Meanwhile, water waves act on the inclined plate to generate downward component force, and the component force is opposite to the buoyancy direction of the buoyancy tank assembly, so that the whole wave-absorbing embankment can float on the water surface more stably.
Preferably, if interference chutes are arranged on the spoilers, a plurality of inclined spoilers are arranged on the inclined plate, and two adjacent spoilers are symmetrically distributed in a splayed shape. The water wave flowing at the inclined plate is divided into two parts, one part of the water wave is directly communicated with the turbulent flow holes and flows into the wave elimination channel below, and the other part of the water wave flows to the turbulent flow plate along the inclined plate; when the water waves pass through the spoiler, the water waves are divided into two parts, one part of the water waves directly flow forwards through the spoiler groove, the other part of the water waves are blocked by the spoiler to turn back to form a spoiler area, the spoiler area blocks the water waves in the wave elimination channel, the kinetic energy of the water waves is weakened when the water in the spoiler area is mixed with the water waves at the front end of the wave elimination channel, and the water waves passing through the spoiler area are mixed with the water waves directly coming out of the spoiler groove again to further weaken the kinetic energy; the inclined plate is provided with the turbulence holes, so that water waves in the previous wave elimination channel directly enter the lower wave elimination channel through the turbulence holes and act on the turbulence area in the lower wave elimination channel, water flow in the turbulence area exists in each direction, and a large amount of kinetic energy in the water waves is further counteracted; when passing through the wave-absorbing channel, the water wave is subdivided into a plurality of water waves with different kinetic energies and different angles, and the kinetic energy loss and the wave amplitude and wave frequency of the water waves are reduced due to the interaction (water molecule collision) among the plurality of water waves, so that a good wave-absorbing effect is finally achieved.
Preferably, the included angle between two adjacent turbulent flow holes is 60-90 degrees, and the included angle between the inclined plate and the upper horizontal plate is 30-55 degrees. The angle of each water flow is different, and the kinetic energy attenuation effect after interaction is more obvious.
Preferably, the rectifying mechanism comprises a positioning frame and a wave-absorbing plate fixed in the middle of the positioning frame, the wave-absorbing plate is provided with a plurality of wave-absorbing holes distributed in an array manner, a front rectifying assembly is arranged on the front side of the wave-absorbing plate in the positioning frame, and a rear rectifying assembly is arranged on the rear side of the wave-absorbing plate in the positioning frame. After the water waves after being damped by the wave damping mechanism sequentially pass through the front rectifying assembly, the wave damping holes and the rear rectifying assembly, the kinetic energy of the water waves is weakened again, the direction of the water waves is more stable and consistent after being rectified, and the rectified water waves enter the wave damping mechanism on the rear side of the framework cage body again to be damped secondarily.
Preferably, the front rectifying assembly comprises a plurality of front rectifying longitudinal plates which are transversely arranged, the cross section of each front rectifying longitudinal plate is V-shaped, and a plurality of front rectifying grooves which are longitudinally distributed are formed in each front rectifying longitudinal plate; the rear rectifying assembly comprises a plurality of rear rectifying longitudinal plates which are transversely arranged, the cross section of each rear rectifying longitudinal plate is V-shaped, and a plurality of rear rectifying grooves which are transversely distributed are formed in each rear rectifying longitudinal plate. The water wave passes through the front rectifying groove, the rectifying hole and the rear rectifying groove, and the kinetic energy in the water wave is further weakened.
Preferably, the front rectifying longitudinal plate and the rear rectifying longitudinal plate are symmetrically distributed around the wave eliminating plate. A rectification area which is relatively independent is formed between the front rectification longitudinal plate and the rear rectification longitudinal plate, so that the interference of external water flow to the rectification area is reduced, and the rectification effect is further improved.
Preferably, the two ends of the bottom plate are provided with side plates, the side plates are fixed with the side faces of the framework cage body, a bottom wave outlet channel is arranged at a position, corresponding to the bottom face of the positioning frame, on the bottom plate, and a side wave outlet channel is arranged at a position, corresponding to the side face of the positioning frame, on the side plates. The bottom of the rectifying area is communicated with the bottom wave outlet channel, and a part of water waves entering the rectifying mechanism can flow out from the bottom wave outlet channel and the side wave outlet channel, so that the direction of the water waves is guided, and the influence of the water waves on a water area at the rear side of the wave breaker is reduced.
Therefore, the water wave of the invention is subjected to wave elimination twice and rectification twice, the wave frequency and the wave amplitude of the water wave are obviously reduced, and the wave elimination effect is very good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of fig. 1 from another view angle.
FIG. 3 is a schematic distribution diagram of the cage, the wave-absorbing mechanism and the rectifying mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a side view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the wave absorbing plate assembly.
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is a simulation diagram of the flow direction of water waves in the wave-absorbing channel.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the rectifying mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a top view of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged view of the portion B in fig. 8.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the breakwater after being thrown into the water.
In the figure: the floating box comprises a framework cage body 1, a floating box component 2, a floating box mounting seat 200, a side floating box 201, a floating box 202, a wave guide groove 203, a connecting rib 204, a flow guide groove 205, a reinforcing rib 206, a wave absorbing mechanism 3, a rectifying mechanism 4, a positioning frame 40, a wave absorbing plate 41, a wave absorbing hole 410, a front rectifying component 42, a front rectifying longitudinal plate 420, a front rectifying groove 421, a rear rectifying component 43, a rear rectifying longitudinal plate 430, a rear rectifying groove 431, a bottom plate 5, a side plate 50, a bottom wave outlet channel 51, a side wave outlet channel 52, a mooring connecting seat 6, a wave absorbing plate component 10, an upper horizontal plate 100, a lower horizontal plate 101, an inclined plate 102, a spoiler 103, a spoiler groove 104, a spoiler hole 105, a positioning clapboard 11, a wave absorbing channel 12, a guy cable 13 and an anchoring piece 14.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the cage-type mooring wave absorption dike comprises a framework cage body 1 and a buoyancy tank assembly 2 fixed at the upper end of the framework cage body 1, wherein wave absorption mechanisms 3 are respectively arranged inside the front side and the rear side of the framework cage body 1, each wave absorption mechanism comprises a plurality of wave absorption plate assemblies 10 which are transversely distributed in parallel and a plurality of positioning partition plates 11 which are longitudinally distributed and used for positioning the wave absorption plate assemblies, a wave absorption channel 12 is formed between every two adjacent wave absorption plate assemblies, and a rectifying mechanism 4 is arranged at a position between the two wave absorption mechanisms in the framework cage body 1; the bottom of the framework cage body is fixed with a bottom plate 5, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate is fixed with a plurality of mooring connecting seats 6.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the wave-absorbing plate assembly 10 includes an upper horizontal plate 100, a lower horizontal plate 101, and an inclined plate 102 for connecting the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate, wherein a connection end of the upper horizontal plate and the inclined plate extends outward to form a spoiler 103, the spoiler is provided with a plurality of inclined spoiler holes 105, and two adjacent spoiler holes are symmetrically distributed in a shape of a Chinese character 'ba'; the included angle between two adjacent baffle holes is 60-90 degrees, and the included angle between the inclined plate and the upper horizontal plate is 30-55 degrees.
As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the rectifying mechanism 4 includes a positioning frame 40 and a wave-absorbing plate 41 fixed in the middle of the positioning frame, wherein the wave-absorbing plate 41 is provided with a plurality of wave-absorbing holes 410 distributed in an array, the wave-absorbing holes are circular holes, a front rectifying component 42 is arranged on the front side of the wave-absorbing plate in the positioning frame 40, and a rear rectifying component 43 is arranged on the rear side of the wave-absorbing plate in the positioning frame; the front rectifying component 42 comprises a plurality of front rectifying longitudinal plates 420 which are transversely arranged, the cross sections of the front rectifying longitudinal plates are V-shaped, and a plurality of front rectifying grooves 421 which are longitudinally distributed are arranged on the front rectifying longitudinal plates; the rear rectifying assembly 43 comprises a plurality of rear rectifying longitudinal plates 430 which are transversely arranged, the cross sections of the rear rectifying longitudinal plates 430 are V-shaped, and a plurality of rear rectifying grooves 431 which are transversely distributed are arranged on the rear rectifying longitudinal plates; the front rectifying longitudinal plate and the rear rectifying longitudinal plate are symmetrically distributed around the wave eliminating plate; as shown in fig. 2, side plates 50 are provided at both ends of the bottom plate 5, the side plates 50 are fixed to the side faces of the cage body, a bottom wave outlet channel 51 is provided at a position on the bottom plate corresponding to the bottom face of the positioning frame, and a side wave outlet channel 52 is provided at a position on the side plates corresponding to the side faces of the positioning frame.
The principle of the invention is as follows with reference to the attached drawings: the whole body is delivered to the water area by a ship to be arranged, as shown in figure 11, the whole body floats on the water surface through a buoyancy tank assembly, a mooring connecting seat 6 on a bottom plate 5 is fixed at the water bottom through a guy cable 13 and an anchoring piece 14, and a plurality of wave absorption dikes are sequentially connected to form a dam floating on the water surface. When waves impact the front side of the breakwater (the left side in fig. 5 is a surface impacted by the waves), the waves enter each wave absorbing channel, and the flowing state of the waves in the wave absorbing channels is shown in fig. 7; the water waves flowing out of the wave absorbing mechanism on the left side of the framework cage body enter the rectifying mechanism, and the water waves after rectification enter the wave absorbing mechanism on the right side of the framework cage body and finally flow out of the right side of the wave absorbing embankment. Through the twice wave elimination of the wave elimination channel and the rectification of the rectification mechanism, the wave amplitude and the wave frequency of the waves are obviously reduced, the kinetic energy of the waves is weakened, and the water waves flowing out from the right side are relatively stable, so that a relatively stable water area environment suitable for ship loading and unloading and culture operation is constructed.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A cage type mooring wave absorption dike is characterized by comprising a framework cage body and a buoyancy tank assembly fixed at the upper end of the framework cage body, wherein wave absorption mechanisms are arranged inside the front side and the rear side of the framework cage body respectively, each wave absorption mechanism comprises a plurality of wave absorption plate assemblies which are transversely distributed in parallel and a plurality of positioning partition plates which are longitudinally distributed and used for positioning the wave absorption plate assemblies, a wave absorption channel is formed between every two adjacent wave absorption plate assemblies, and a rectifying mechanism is arranged at a position, which is positioned between the two wave absorption mechanisms, in the framework cage body; a bottom plate is fixed at the bottom of the framework cage body, and a plurality of mooring connecting seats are fixed on the bottom surface of the bottom plate; the wave-absorbing plate component comprises an upper horizontal plate, a lower horizontal plate and an inclined plate for connecting the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate, and the connecting end of the upper horizontal plate and the inclined plate extends outwards to form a spoiler; if be equipped with on the spoiler and disturb the chute, be equipped with the vortex hole of a plurality of slopes on the swash plate, two adjacent vortex holes are splayed symmetric distribution.
2. The cage-type mooring breakwater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the buoyancy tank assembly comprises a buoyancy tank mounting seat, the buoyancy tank mounting seat is fixed to the upper end of the framework cage body, side buoyancy tanks are fixed to two sides of the buoyancy tank mounting seat, a plurality of upper buoyancy tanks are arranged on the top surface of the buoyancy tank mounting seat, and a wave guide groove is formed between every two adjacent upper buoyancy tanks.
3. The cage mooring breakwater as claimed in claim 2, wherein the top surface of the pontoon mounting seats between the lower ends of two adjacent upper pontoons are provided with connecting ribs, the connecting ribs are provided with flow guide grooves, and reinforcing ribs are provided between the side surface of the outermost upper pontoon and the side surface of the side pontoon.
4. The cage-type mooring breakwater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the included angle between two adjacent turbulent flow holes is 60-90 °, and the included angle between the inclined plate and the upper horizontal plate is 30-55 °.
5. The cage-type mooring wave absorbing embankment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rectifying mechanism comprises a positioning frame and a wave absorbing plate fixed in the middle of the positioning frame, the wave absorbing plate is provided with a plurality of wave absorbing holes distributed in an array manner, a front rectifying component is arranged on the front side of the wave absorbing plate in the positioning frame, and a rear rectifying component is arranged on the rear side of the wave absorbing plate in the positioning frame.
6. The cage-type mooring breakwater as claimed in claim 5, wherein the front fairing assembly comprises a plurality of front fairing longitudinal plates which are transversely arranged, the cross section of each front fairing longitudinal plate is V-shaped, and a plurality of front fairing grooves which are longitudinally distributed are formed in each front fairing longitudinal plate; the rear rectifying assembly comprises a plurality of rear rectifying longitudinal plates which are transversely arranged, the cross section of each rear rectifying longitudinal plate is V-shaped, and a plurality of rear rectifying grooves which are transversely distributed are formed in each rear rectifying longitudinal plate.
7. The mooring breakwater of claim 6, wherein the front and rear fairing longitudinal plates are symmetrically arranged with respect to the breakwater.
8. The cage-type mooring breakwater as claimed in claim 5, wherein the bottom plate is provided at both ends thereof with side plates, the side plates are fixed to the side surfaces of the cage body, the bottom plate is provided with bottom wave outlet channels corresponding to the bottom surfaces of the positioning frames, and the side plates are provided with side wave outlet channels corresponding to the side surfaces of the positioning frames.
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| CN202011018600.2A CN112160284B (en) | 2020-09-24 | 2020-09-24 | Cage type mooring wave-absorbing dike |
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| CN202011018600.2A CN112160284B (en) | 2020-09-24 | 2020-09-24 | Cage type mooring wave-absorbing dike |
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| KR100982970B1 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2010-09-17 | 에스케이건설 주식회사 | Breakwater construction method using waved shape caisson |
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