WO2022267830A1 - 由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具 - Google Patents

由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具 Download PDF

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WO2022267830A1
WO2022267830A1 PCT/CN2022/095824 CN2022095824W WO2022267830A1 WO 2022267830 A1 WO2022267830 A1 WO 2022267830A1 CN 2022095824 W CN2022095824 W CN 2022095824W WO 2022267830 A1 WO2022267830 A1 WO 2022267830A1
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Prior art keywords
unit
control unit
voltage
switch
led lamp
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PCT/CN2022/095824
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English (en)
French (fr)
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武良举
梁锦源
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佛山市威得士灯饰电器有限公司
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Publication of WO2022267830A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022267830A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of LED lamps, in particular to a dimmable lamp controlled by an ordinary low-voltage type dial switch.
  • the flyback switching power supply is the main type, generally including rectification circuits, power stage circuits and control circuits.
  • the rectifier circuit receives AC mains power, rectified by the rectifier circuit and then input to the power stage circuit, and the power stage circuit performs voltage conversion, and the control circuit is used to control the on-off of the main power switch tube in the power stage circuit, thereby Realize constant current drive.
  • the power stage circuit of the flyback switching power supply includes a transformer composed of primary and secondary sides, and the volume of the transformer is relatively large, and the implementation cost is high.
  • the LED drive circuit adopts a linear constant current drive method, that is, by controlling the switch tube to work in the linear region and adjusting the output current to keep the average output current constant.
  • the existing LED linear constant current drive circuit has low efficiency; or it will reduce the power factor while improving the power conversion efficiency; or it will affect the thyristor regulation while achieving high conversion efficiency and high power factor.
  • the compatibility and smoothness of light can easily cause the bad phenomenon of light flickering in the process of dimming LED lamps.
  • a high voltage type DIP switch is provided at the power output end of the LED drive circuit.
  • this circuit design scheme can only resist high-voltage surge impacts within 2000V, but it is helpless for applications requiring high-voltage surge protection of 2500V or above.
  • the power output terminals of the above three solutions are all high-voltage DIP switches, if the user operates the DIP switch for color temperature selection and switching in the power-on state, there will not only be a certain risk of electric shock, but also The electrical shock generated by the instantaneous high-voltage conduction during the switching process will affect the service life of the DIP switch element to a certain extent.
  • the utility model provides a dimmable lamp.
  • the power output end of the drive circuit of the dimmable lamp adopts an ordinary low-voltage conduction type dial switch with low price.
  • An advantage of the utility model is that it provides a dimmable lamp controlled by an ordinary low-voltage type dial switch, including a chromaticity selection switch unit, wherein the chromaticity selection switch unit is an ordinary low-voltage conduction type dial switch switch, because the price of the ordinary low-voltage conduction type DIP switch is cheaper than that of the high-voltage type DIP switch, therefore, as a key component to realize the color temperature selection control function, the adjustable Manufacturing cost of light fixtures.
  • Another advantage of the present utility model is that it provides a dimmable lamp controlled by an ordinary low-voltage type dial switch, including a chromaticity selection switch unit, wherein the chromaticity selection switch unit is an ordinary low-voltage conduction type pull-out
  • the code switch avoids the phenomenon of instantaneous high voltage during the chromaticity switching operation in the power-on state, thereby avoiding the safety hazard of electric shock during use, and at the same time avoiding the electrical shock caused by the instantaneous high-voltage conduction on the switch damage, effectively protecting the service life of the DIP switch.
  • Another advantage of the utility model is that it provides a dimmable lamp controlled by an ordinary low-voltage type dial switch, which is a combination of the ordinary low-voltage conduction type dial switch and its corresponding one-way diodes D3 and D4.
  • the circuit design is used to realize the color temperature selection function of the LED lamp.
  • the circuit design is simpler and the number of components used is also less, thereby reducing the volume of the driving circuit and reducing the manufacturing cost of the driving circuit.
  • the utility model provides a dimmable lamp controlled by an ordinary low-voltage type DIP switch, including a protection unit, and the input and output terminals of the rectification unit and the control unit have at least one protection unit. unit, therefore, the dimmable lamp has a multi-level protection function, which not only ensures dimming compatibility and smoothness, but also ensures good linear adjustment rate and short-circuit protection function in a wide input voltage range, and It has strong surge overvoltage protection capability.
  • Another advantage of the utility model is that it provides a dimmable lamp controlled by an ordinary low-voltage type DIP switch, including a protection unit, and the input and output terminals of the rectification unit and the control unit have at least one protection unit.
  • the unit greatly improves the safety and reliability of the dimmable lamp during use, and guarantees the product quality of the dimmable lamp.
  • Another advantage of the utility model is that it provides a dimmable lamp controlled by an ordinary low-voltage DIP switch, including a filter unit and a flicker-removing control unit, which can not only achieve good dimming compatibility and smoothness , It can also achieve the practical effect of background ripple, flicker removal and high power factor.
  • the dimmable lamp controlled by a common low-voltage type DIP switch of the utility model capable of achieving the aforementioned purpose and other objectives and advantages includes:
  • a rectifier unit for connecting to an external power supply, so as to convert the AC mains power of the external power supply into DC current
  • control unit the input end of which is connected to the rectification unit for controlling the obtained direct current
  • a protection unit there are multiple protection units, and the input and output ends of the rectification unit and the control unit each have at least one protection unit, so as to realize the multi-level overvoltage protection of the above-mentioned driving circuit and ensure the above-mentioned drive circuit safety and reliability;
  • a filtering unit and a flicker-removing control unit the input ends of the filtering unit and the flicker-removing control unit are connected to the output end of the control unit, and the output end of the flicker-removing control unit is connected to a
  • the negative output port of the LED lamp the output end of the filter unit is connected to the anode output port of the LED lamp, and the LED lamp is set at the output end of the overall power supply circuit, and
  • a chromaticity control sub-circuit the chromaticity control unit is connected to both ends of the LED lamp to control the function of selecting the color temperature of the LED lamp.
  • the rectification unit, the control unit, the protection unit, the filter unit, the flicker-removing control unit and the chromaticity control unit are connected to form a drive circuit, when an external power is connected After the rectification unit, the current is finally delivered to the LED lamp for the stable operation of the LED lamp, and the chromaticity control unit connected to the two ends of the LED lamp is controllable to select the color of the LED lamp. color temperature.
  • the dimmable lamp further includes a dimming switch, which is arranged at the input end of the rectifying unit.
  • the present invention there are three protection units, namely a first protection unit, a second protection unit and a third protection unit, wherein the first protection unit and the second protection unit are respectively set at the input end and output end of the rectification unit; the first protection unit and the second protection unit are set at the input end of the control unit, and the third protection unit is set at the control unit
  • the output terminal of the unit is protected by multi-level overvoltage to ensure that the control unit outputs current in a linear and constant current according to a predetermined control program.
  • control unit is a high-voltage linear constant current dimming control IC chip, and a peripheral sub-unit composed of several resistor R and capacitor C elements corresponding to each pin of the IC chip. circuit.
  • the chromaticity control unit includes a chromaticity selection switch unit, a chromaticity output unit, and a stabilized power supply unit, wherein one end of the chromaticity selection switch unit is connected to the The chromaticity output unit, the other end of which is connected to the regulated power supply unit; the chromaticity output unit is connected between the flicker-removing control terminal and the LED lamp; one end of the regulated power supply unit It is connected with the LED lamp, and the other end is connected with the chromaticity selection switch unit.
  • the chromaticity selection switch unit is an ordinary low-voltage conduction type DIP switch.
  • the main components of the chromaticity output unit are power switch tubes Q2 and Q3, wherein the power switch tubes Q2 and Q3 are respectively connected to the LED lamp board with warm white temperature and the Connect to the negative output port of the LED light board with cool white temperature.
  • the chromaticity selection switch unit further includes two unidirectional diodes D3 and D4.
  • the common low-voltage conduction type DIP switch is provided with four preset working pins, and the pins are respectively connected to the corresponding one-way diode D3 and/or D4
  • the unidirectional diodes D3 and D4 are both connected to the power switch tubes Q2 and Q3, and the power switch tubes Q2 and Q3 are respectively connected to the corresponding LED lamp panels with different color temperatures.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit working principle module of a dimmable lamp controlled by a high-voltage DIP switch in the prior art.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of another prior art circuit working principle module of a dimmable lamp controlled by a high-voltage DIP switch.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of the circuit working principle of another prior art dimmable lamp controlled by a high-voltage DIP switch.
  • FIG. 3A is a block diagram of a circuit working principle of a dimmable lamp controlled by a high-voltage DIP switch in the prior art.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the circuit of a dimmable lamp controlled by a high-voltage DIP switch in the prior art.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of a circuit working principle module of a dimmable lamp controlled by a common low-voltage DIP switch in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4B is a schematic diagram of the circuit working principle of a dimmable lamp controlled by an ordinary low-voltage type DIP switch in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the term “a” should be understood as “at least one” or “one or more”, that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element
  • the quantity can be multiple, and the term “a” cannot be understood as a limitation on the quantity.
  • ordinal numbers such as 'first', 'second', etc. will be used to describe various components, those components are not limited here. The term is only used to distinguish one component from another. For example, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and likewise, a second component may also be referred to as a first component without departing from the teaching of the inventive concept. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
  • the utility model is used to provide a dimmable lamp controlled by an ordinary low-voltage type DIP switch.
  • the utility model provides a dimmable lamp controlled by an ordinary low-voltage DIP switch, including a rectifier unit 10, a control unit 20, a filter unit 30, and a flicker-removing control unit 40 .
  • a chromaticity control unit 50 and a protection unit 60 are examples of the chromaticity control unit 50 and a protection unit 60 .
  • the rectification unit 10, the control unit 20, the filter unit 40, the flicker control unit 50, the chromaticity control unit 50 and the protection unit 60 are all connected and fixed on a substrate to form A drive circuit.
  • the driving circuit When an external electric energy is connected to the driving circuit, the current is delivered to the LED lamp, and the LED lamp can select the chromaticity and color temperature controllably.
  • the chromaticity control unit 50 is connected to both ends of the LED lamp, and the function of selectively controlling the color temperature of the LED lamp is achieved through the control of the chromaticity control unit 50 .
  • the dimmable lamp includes a dimmer switch 80, which is arranged at the input end of the rectification unit 10, preferably, the dimmer switch 80 is a thyristor dimmer.
  • the rectification unit 10 is used to access an external power source 80 to obtain electric energy, wherein the main component of the rectification unit 10 is the bridge stack BD1.
  • the external power supply 80 is a 200V-240V AC mains supply, but according to the requirements of different usage environments, the external power supply 80 can also be a voltage in other ranges. That is, the rectification unit 10 is used to receive AC power provided by the external power supply 80 , and the AC power is rectified by the rectification unit 10 to output DC power.
  • the input terminal of the control unit 20 is connected to the output terminal of the rectification unit 10, and the control unit 20 controls the received DC power after receiving the DC power rectified by the rectification unit 10 to realize constant current Output to drive the LED lamp to work with a constant current.
  • the output end of the control unit 20 is connected to the input end of the filter unit 30 and the flicker control unit 40, and the output end of the filter unit 30 and the flicker control unit 40 is connected to
  • the LED lamp specifically, the output end of the flicker-removing control unit 40 is connected to a negative output port of the LED lamp, the output end of the filter unit 30 is connected to the anode output port of the LED lamp, and the LED A lamp is provided at the output end of the overall power supply circuit. Therefore, the externally input AC mains is input to the LED lamp at a constant current after passing through the rectification unit 10, the control unit 20, the filter unit 30, and the flicker-removing control unit 40.
  • the filter unit 30 and the anti-flicker control unit 40 play a role in reducing the ripple current and the depth of stroboscopic flicker in the above-mentioned drive circuit, so that the LED lamp can achieve a good use effect without video flicker.
  • the main components of the filtering unit 30 are electrolytic capacitors EC1 and EC2, and the main components of the flicker-removing control unit 40 are the flicker-removing control chip Q1.
  • the dimmable lamp also includes a protection unit 60 , wherein the rectification unit 10 and the control unit 20 both have at least one protection unit 60 at their input and output terminals.
  • the first protection unit 61 and the second protection unit 62 are respectively It is set at the input end and output end of the rectification unit 10; the first protection unit 62 and the second protection unit 62 are set at the input end of the control unit 20, and the third protection unit 63 is It is arranged at the output end of the control unit 63, and through multi-level overvoltage protection, it is ensured that the control unit 20 outputs current in a linear and constant current according to a predetermined control program.
  • the first protection unit 61 is a surge overvoltage protection unit, and its main component is a varistor M1;
  • the second protection unit 62 is a surge absorption unit, and its main component is a metal film Polypropylene capacitor, i.e. CBB capacitor element, can play the role of AC step-down and absorb instantaneous impact current;
  • the third protection unit 63 is a surge overvoltage protection unit, and its main component is a bidirectional trigger diode ZD3, which has specific electrical parameters.
  • control unit 20 is set as the main body, specifically a high-voltage linear constant current dimming control IC chip U1, and several resistors R and capacitors C corresponding to each pin of the IC chip U1 Peripheral subcircuits composed of components.
  • the dimmable lamp adopts a "multi-stage" surge overvoltage protection circuit design scheme, wherein the front end of the rectifier unit 10 is provided with a surge overvoltage protection unit 61, The control unit 20 is connected to the rear of the output end of the surge absorbing unit 62, and the surge overvoltage protection unit 63, the filter unit 30 and the flicker-removing control unit 40 at the rear end are commonly connected to the high voltage line of the control unit 20
  • the 8th pin position of the permanent constant current dimming control IC chip U1 corresponding to the negative port of the LED lamp is connected, and the LED lamp module is connected to the output rear end of the flicker-removing control unit 40, that is, the The above-mentioned LED light module is located at the output end of the overall power supply circuit.
  • the safety and reliability of the dimmable lamp during use are greatly improved, and the product quality of the dimmable lamp is guaranteed.
  • the number of electronic components used in this circuit design scheme is relatively small, and the circuit design is simple. Under the condition of achieving good thyristor dimming compatibility, it can also take into account other aspects such as linear adjustment rate and high power factor. performance.
  • the LED lamp is a multi-color LED lamp board, that is, an LED lamp board 71 with a warm white temperature and an LED lamp board 72 with a cool white temperature, usually, 1600K
  • the color temperature of -3800K is warm white temperature
  • the color temperature of 4200K-8000K is cool white temperature.
  • the chromaticity control unit 50 is connected to both ends of the warm white temperature LED lamp board 71 and the cool white temperature LED lamp board 72 .
  • the chromaticity control unit 50 includes a chromaticity selection switch unit 51, a chromaticity output unit 52, and a stabilized voltage power supply unit 53, wherein one end of the chromaticity selection switch unit 51 is connected to the The chromaticity output unit 52, the other end is connected to the stabilized power supply unit 53; the chromaticity output unit 52 is connected between the flicker-removing control terminal 40 and the LED lamp; One end of the voltage supply unit 53 is connected to the LED lamp, and the other end is connected to the chromaticity selection switch unit 51 .
  • the chroma selection switch unit 51 is a three-position or four-position dial switch S1.
  • the chroma selection switch unit 51 is an ordinary low-voltage conduction type dial switch Switch S1
  • each gear output end of the DIP switch corresponds to an LED lamp board composed of two or more sets of high-voltage LED lamp bead devices with different color temperature settings arranged in a certain series-parallel manner mod.
  • the main components of the chromaticity output unit 52 are power switch tubes Q2 and Q3, wherein the power switch tubes Q2 and Q3 are respectively connected to the negative electrodes of the LED lamp board with warm white temperature and the LED lamp board with cool white temperature.
  • the output port is connected.
  • the chromaticity selection switch unit also includes two unidirectional diodes D3 and D4.
  • the four preset working pins (S-a, S-b, S-c, S-d) corresponding to different color temperature function gears on the ordinary low-voltage conduction type DIP switch S1 are respectively connected to the corresponding one-way diode D3 and/or or D4, the unidirectional diodes D3 and D4 are connected to the power switch tubes Q2 and Q3, and the power switch tubes Q2 and Q3 are respectively connected to the corresponding warm white temperature LED lamp board and the cold White temperature LED light board connection.
  • the LED color temperature selection function is realized through the sub-circuit design of the combination of the ordinary low-voltage conduction type dial switch S1 and the corresponding unidirectional diodes D3 and D4, and its main working principle is as follows:
  • the bit corresponds to the conduction of the cold white LED lamp bead.
  • the power switch tube Q3 is turned on and starts to work; the connected gears of "S-b” and "S-c” correspond to the warm white LED lamp bead and the cool white LED lamp.
  • the beads are turned on and working at the same time.
  • the power switch tubes Q2 and Q3 are turned on and started to work at the same time.
  • the lamp corresponds to the neutral color temperature working mode; the connected gears of "S-c” and “S-d” correspond to warm white LED lamp beads conduction work, at this time, the power switch tube Q2 starts to work.
  • the specific identifications of the dimmable lamps of the present invention are: insurance resistors FR1, FR2, FR3, bridge stack BD1, high-voltage linear constant current control chip U1, stroboscopic control chip Q1, diodes D0, D1, D2, D3, two rectifier lasers ZD1, ZD2, bidirectional trigger diode ZD3, chip resistors R1, R2, R3, R4..., chip capacitors C0, C1, C2..., varistor M1, electrolytic capacitors EC1, EC2, power Switch tubes (MOS tubes) Q2, Q3, ordinary type dial switch (ordinary 12V/50V low voltage conduction type dial switch).
  • the low-voltage conduction type dial switch S1 has more resources of manufacturers, and the structural materials and manufacturing process are relatively simple, so the price is relatively cheap.
  • the use of this type of dial switch reduces the overall possibility of Manufacturing cost of dimming luminaires.
  • the LED color temperature selection function is realized through the sub-circuit design of the combination of the ordinary low-voltage conduction type dial switch S1 and the corresponding unidirectional diodes D3 and D4.
  • the sub-circuit design of the combination of the unidirectional diodes D3 and D4 is simple and takes up space. It is small and cheap, and adopting this method to adjust different color temperatures makes the circuit design simpler and smaller in size, and also reduces the manufacturing cost of the dimmable lamp to a certain extent.
  • the dimmable lamp can take into account the performance of linear adjustment rate, surge overvoltage protection, short circuit protection, etc., and it is also suitable for multi-color segment dimming requirements.
  • the actual effect of eliminating stroboscopic and background ripples can be achieved, which reduces the number of electronic components used and reduces the manufacturing cost.

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Abstract

提供一由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，包括：一整流单元（10），以供接入一外部电源（80）；一控制单元（20），其输入端被连接于整流单元（10），以供对获得的电流进行控制；一保护单元（60），保护单元（60）至少三个，分别被设置于整流单元（10）或控制单元（20）的输入端和输出端；一滤波单元（30）和一去频闪控制单元（40），滤波单元（30）和去频闪控制单元（40）输入端被连接于控制单元（20）的输出端，去频闪控制单元（40）的输出端连接于一LED灯负极输出端口，滤波单元（30）的输出端连接于LED灯的阳极输出端口， LED灯被设置于整体电源电路的输出末端；以及一色度控制单元（50），色度控制单元（50）被连接于LED灯的两端，以控制LED灯选择地控制色温的功能。

Description

由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种LED灯具技术领域，尤其涉及一种由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具。
背景技术
目前，大多数的LED驱动电路大多为开关电源型，且以反激式开关电源为主，一般包括整流电路、功率级电路和控制电路。所述的整流电路接收交流市电，经过整流电路进行整流后输入至功率级电路，由功率级电路进行电压转换，所述控制电路用于控制功率级电路中主功率开关管的通断，从而实现恒流驱动。但是，反激式开关电源的功率级电路包括由原副边组成的变压器，而变压器所占体积较大，且实现成本高。
为了克服上述开关电源型LED驱动电路中的上述缺陷与不足，LED驱动电路中采用线性恒流驱动的方式，即通过控制开关管工作于线性区，并调节输出电流，以保持平均输出电流恒定。然而，现有的LED线性恒流驱动电路效率较低；或者在提高电源转换效率的同时会降低功率因数；又或者是在实现较高的转换效率和高功率因数的同时会影响可控硅调光的兼容性和顺畅性，从而容易造成LED灯具在调光使用过程中出现灯光闪烁的不良现象。
为了克服上述LED线性恒流驱动电路的上述缺陷与不足，在LED驱动电路的电源输出端设置高压型拔码开关。
如附图1所示的一现有技术，在该技术方案的电路中，由于将可控硅调光单元与线性恒流单元独立成为两个不同的功能模块电路，且每个功能模块单元在各自独立工作中不容易受到信号干扰，这样不仅能保证调光兼容性和顺畅性，而且能在较宽的输入电压范围内保证其良好的线性调整率。
虽然该技术方案在功能上比较稳定，但是在电路实现上额外需要增加1-2个线性恒流芯片、与之相对应的功率开关管及其局部电路上的其它器件，在一定程度上耗费能量从而导致电源转换效率以及功率因数有所降低。
同时，如果该技术方案要实现去频闪、低纹波、过压保护、浪涌保护、色度选择开关电路等电气功能的话，则还需在上述设计电路基础上增加去频闪单元电路、滤波单元电路、 浪涌过压保护电路等，这从而增加整个电路的成本价格。
如附图2A和附图2B所示的另一现有技术，在该技术方案的电路中，沿用行业较为常见的LED电源电路设计的常规设计方法，将起到浪涌过保护功能的压敏电阻元件设置连接于位于电源输入端前端部分的整流单元之后，以及将压敏电阻元件连接于位于电源主体电路部分的高压线性恒流调光单元，或者是线性调光单元、高压恒流单元之前。此高压线性恒流调光控制单元不仅能保证调光兼容性和顺畅性，而且能在较宽的输入电压范围内保证良好的线性调整率。同时，该方案电路设计较为简单，使用元器件数量较少，从而在一定程度上降低了电源的生产成本。
但是，该电路设计方案往往只能抵抗2000V以内的高压浪涌冲击，而对于需要2500V或以上高压浪涌防护的应用场合则显得无能为力。
如附图3A和附图3B所示的又一现有技术，在该技术方案的电路中，为了让整个电路达到很好的防浪涌保护功能，则在电路输入前端设置有浪涌过压保护单元，高压线性恒流调光控制单元的负载电流吸引脚连接于浪涌吸收单元的输出端后部，以及在高压线性恒流调光控制单元的后端设置有浪涌过压保护单元。此高压线性恒流调光控制单元不仅能保证调光兼容性和顺畅性，而且能在较宽输入电压范围内保证良好的线性调整率。该方案电路设计较为简单，使用元器件数量为较少，从而在一定程度上降低了生产成本。
但是，由于以上三个方案的电源输出端均为高压型的拔码开关，在使用过程中，倘若用户在通电状态下进行色温选择切换的拔码开关操作，则不仅存在一定的触电隐患，而且开关切换过程中产生瞬间的高压导通所产生的电气冲击在某种程度会影响拔码开关元件的使用寿命。
另一方面，高压型规格的拔码开关这种电气元件本身的价格比较贵，因此类似这种电路设计方案的LED调光模组及其灯具在价格成本控制上会相应地受到一定程度的制约。
为了克服上述缺陷与不足，本实用新型提供了一可调光灯具，所述可调光灯具的驱动电路的电源输出端采用价格便宜的普通低压型导通型拔码开关。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的一优势在于其提供一由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，包括一色度选择开关单元，其中，所述色度选择开关单元为一普通低压导通型的拔码开关，由于普通低压导通型的拔码开关的价格相对于高压型拔码开关的价格更便宜，因此，作为实现色温选择控制功能的关键元件，从而在很大程度上节省了所述可调光灯具的生产制造成 本。
本实用新型的另一优势在于其提供一由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，包括一色度选择开关单元，其中，所述色度选择开关单元为一普通低压导通型的拔码开关，避免了在通电状态下进行色度切换操作过程中产生瞬间高压的现象，从而避免了在使用过程中触电的安全隐患，同时，也避免了瞬间的高压导通产生的电气冲击对开关的损坏，有效地保护了拔码开关的使用寿命。
本实用新型的另一优势在于其提供一由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，是通过所述普通低压导通型拔码开关和其对应的单向二极管D3和D4结合的子电路设计来实现LED灯色温选择功能的，此电路设计更简单，使用元件的数量也更少，从而缩小了驱动电路的体积，降低了驱动电路的制造成本。
本实用新型的另一优势在于其提供一由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，包括一保护单元，所述整流单元和所述控制单元的输入端和输出端均具有至少一保护单元，因此，所述可调光灯具具有多级保护的功能，不仅能保证调光兼容性和顺畅性，而且能在较宽的输入电压范围内保证良好的线性调整率、短路保护功能，而且具有较强的浪涌过压保护能力。
本实用新型的另一优势在于其提供一由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，包括一保护单元，所述整流单元和所述控制单元的输入端和输出端均具有至少一保护单元，大大提高了所述可调光灯具在使用过程中的安全性和可靠性，保障了所述可调光灯具的产品质量。
本实用新型的另一优势在于其提供一由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，包括一滤波单元和一去频闪控制单元，其不仅能够实现良好的调光兼容性和顺畅性，还能够达到底纹波、去频闪、高功率因数的实际使用效果。
本实用新型的其它优势和特点通过下述的详细说明得以充分体现。
依本实用新型的一个方面，能够实现前述目的和其他目的和优势的本实用新型的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，包括：
一整流单元，以供接入一外部电源，从而将外部电源的交流市电转化为直流电流；
一控制单元，其输入端被连接于所述整流单元，以供对获得的直流电流进行控制；
一保护单元，所述保护单元为多个，且所述整流单元和所述控制单元的输入端和输出端均具有至少一保护单元，以实现上述驱动电路的多级过压保护，确保上述驱动电路的安全性和可靠性；
一滤波单元和一去频闪控制单元，所所述滤波单元和所述去频闪控制单元输入端被连接于所述控制单元的输出端，所述去频闪控制单元的输出端连接于一LED灯负极输出端口，所述滤波单元的输出端连接于所述LED灯的阳极输出端口，所述LED灯被设置于整体电源电路的输出末端，以及
一色度控制子电路，所述色度控制单元被连接与所述LED灯的两端，以控制所述LED灯选择色温的功能。
具体地，所述整流单元、所述控制单元、所述保护单元、所述滤波单元、所述去频闪控制单元以及所述色度控制单元被连接形成一驱动电路，当一外部电能被连通于所述整流单元后，电流最终被输送到所述LED灯，以供所述LED灯稳定地工作，通过连接于所述LED灯两端的所述色度控制单元可控地选择所述LED的色温。
根据本实用新型的一个实施例，所述可调光灯具还包括一调光开关，其被设置在所述整流单元的输入端。
根据本实用新型的一个实施例，所述保护单元为三个，分别为第一保护单元、第二保护单元、第三保护单元，其中，所述第一保护单元和所述第二保护单元分别被设置在所述整流单元的输入端和输出端；所述第一保护单元和所述第二保护单元被设置在所述控制单元的输入端，所述第三保护单元被设置在所述控制单元的输出端，通过多级的过压保护，保证所述控制单元按照预定控制程序，线性恒流地输出电流。
根据本实用新型的一个实施例，所述控制单元为一高压线性恒流调光控制IC芯片，以及所述IC芯片的各个引脚所对应的若干个电阻R、电容C元件所组成的周边子电路。
根据本实用新型的一个实施例，所述色度控制单元包括一色度选择开关单元、一色度输出单元以及一稳压供电单元，其中，所述色度选择开关单元的一端被接入到所述色度输出单元，另一端被接入到所述稳压供电单元；所述色度输出单元被接入所述去频闪控制端元和所述LED灯具之间；所述稳压供电单元一端与所述LED灯具连接，另一端与所述色度选择开关单元连接。
根据本实用新型的一个实施例，所述色度选择开关单元为一普通的低压导通型的拔码开关。
根据本实用新型的一个实施例，所述色度输出单元的主要元件为功率开关管Q2和Q3，其中，所述功率开关管Q2和Q3分别与所述暖白色温的LED灯板和所述冷白色温的LED灯板负极输出端口相连接。
根据本实用新型的一个实施例，所述色度选择开关单元还包括两个单向二极管D3和 D4。
根据本实用新型的一个实施例，所述普通低压导通型拔码开关上的设有4个预设工作脚针，所述脚针分别与所对应的所述单向二极管D3和/或D4连通，所述单向二极管D3和D4均与所述功率开关管Q2和Q3连通，所述功率开关管Q2和Q3再分别与对应的所述不同色温的LED灯板连接。
附图说明
图1为一现有技术的由高压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具的电路工作原理模块示意图。
图2A为另一现有技术的由高压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具的电路工作原理模块示意图。
图2B为另一现有技术的由高压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具的电路工作原理示意图。
图3A为又一现有技术的由高压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具的电路工作原理模块示意图。
图3B为又一现有技术的由高压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具的电路工作原理示意图。
图4A为本实用新型一优选实施例的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具的电路工作原理模块示意图。
图4B为本实用新型一优选实施例的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的的可调光灯具的电路工作原理示意图。
具体实施方式
以下描述用于揭露本实用新型以使本领域技术人员能够实现本实用新型。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例，本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。在以下描述中界定的本实用新型的基本原理可以应用于其他实施方案、变形方案、改进方案、等同方案以及没有背离本实用新型的精神和范围的其他技术方案。
本领域技术人员应理解的是，在本实用新型的揭露中，术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，其仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描 述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此上述术语不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。
可以理解的是，术语“一”应理解为“至少一”或“一个或多个”，即在一个实施例中，一个元件的数量可以为一个，而在另外的实施例中，该元件的数量可以为多个，术语“一”不能理解为对数量的限制。
虽然比如“第一”、“第二”等的序数将用于描述各种组件，但是在这里不限制那些组件。该术语仅用于区分一个组件与另一组件。例如，第一组件可以被称为第二组件，且同样地，第二组件也可以被称为第一组件，而不脱离实用新型构思的教导。在此使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个关联的列出的项目的任何和全部组合。
在这里使用的术语仅用于描述各种实施例的目的且不意在限制。如在此使用的，单数形式意在也包括复数形式，除非上下文清楚地指示例外。另外将理解术语“包括”和/或“具有”当在该说明书中使用时指定所述的特征、数目、步骤、操作、组件、元件或其组合的存在，而不排除一个或多个其他特征、数目、步骤、操作、组件、元件或其组的存在或者附加。
本实用新型用于提供一由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，所述灯具作为一种照明的设备，通常情况下，采用LED灯作为发光的载体，优选地，所述LED灯有可调色度色温的功能。即，在设计电路的控制下，在所述灯具被连接一外部电源后，电能通过被设计好的驱动电路传送到所述LED灯，使所述LED灯具有不同色度色温的可选择功能。
接下来配合本实用新型说明书附图对所述可调光灯具进行详细的说明。
如附图4A和4B所示，本实用新型提供一由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，包括一整流单元10、一控制单元20、一滤波单元30、一去频闪控制单元40、一色度控制单元50以及一保护单元60。
其中，所述整流单元10、所述控制单元20、所述滤波单元40、去频闪控制单元50、所述色度控制单元50以及所述保护单元60均被连接地固定在一基板上形成一驱动电路。当一外部电能被连通于上述驱动电路后，电流输送到所述LED灯，所述LED灯能够可控地选择色度色温。此时，所述色度控制单元50被连接与所述LED灯的两端，通过所述色度控制单元50的控制以达到对所述LED灯选择地控制色温的功能。
进一步地，所述可调光灯具包括一调光开关80，其被设置在所述整流单元10的输入端，优选地，所述调光开关80为一可控硅调光器。
具体地，所述整流单元10用于接入一外部电源80而获得电能，其中，所述整流单元 10的主要元件为桥堆BD1。在通常情况下，所述外部电源80为200V-240V的交流市电，但是根据不同使用环境的需要求，所述外部电源80也可以是其他范围值的电压。即，所述整流单元10用于接收所述外部电源80提供的交流市电，交流电能经过所述整流单元10进行整流后输出直流电能。
其中，所述控制单元20的输入端与所述整流单元10的输出端连接，所述控制单元20接收所述整流单元10整流后的直流电能后，对接收的直流电能进行控制，实现恒流输出，以恒流地驱动所述LED灯工作。
同时，所述控制单元20的输出端连接于所述滤波单元30和所述去频闪控制单元40的输入端，所述滤波单元30和所述去频闪控制单元40的输出端被连接于所述LED灯，具体地，所述去频闪控制单元40的输出端连接于一LED灯负极输出端口，所述滤波单元30的输出端连接于所述LED灯的阳极输出端口，所述LED灯被设置于整体电源电路的输出末端。因此，外部输入的交流市电经过所述整流单元10、所述控制单元20、所述滤波单元30、所述去闪频控制单元40后被恒流地输入到所述LED灯，此时，所述滤波单元30和所述去闪频控制单元40在上述驱动电路中起到降低纹波电流和频闪深度的作用，从而使所述LED灯实现无可视频闪的良好使用效果。
在本实用新型中，所述滤波单元30的主要元件为电解电容EC1、EC2，所述去频闪控制单元40的主要元件为去频闪控制芯片Q1。
更进一步地，以避免电压突然波动时造成的电路短路或元件损坏的现象，从而影响整个电路的运行的情形，确保驱动电路稳定性与安全性，所述可调光灯具还包括一保护单元60，其中，所述整流单元10和所述控制单元20的输入端和输出端均具有至少一保护单元60。
具体地，所述保护单元60为三个，分别为第一保护单元61、第二保护单元62以及第三保护单元63，其中，所述第一保护单元61和所述第二保护单元62分别被设置在所述整流单元10的输入端和输出端；所述第一保护单元62和所述第二保护单元62被设置在所述控制单元20的输入端，所述第三保护单元63被设置在所述控制单元63的输出端，通过多级的过压保护，保证所述控制单元20按照预定控制程序，线性恒流地输出电流。
在本实用新型中，所述第一保护单元61为浪涌过压保护单元，其主要元件为压敏电组M1；所述第二保护单元62为浪涌吸收单元，其主要元件为金属膜聚丙烯电容，即CBB电容元件，它能起到交流降压，吸收瞬间冲击电流的作用；所述第三保护单元63为浪涌过压保护单元，其主要元件为双向触发二极管ZD3，其具有特定电气参数。
更进一步地，所述控制单元20作为主体的方式被设置，具体为一高压线性恒流调光控制IC芯片U1，以及所述IC芯片U1的各个引脚所对应的若干个电阻R、电容C元件所组成的周边子电路。
在本实用新型中所述高压线性恒流调光控制芯片U1的相应引脚如下表所示：
引脚号 引脚名称 功能描述
1 AL 主动负载电流吸引脚
2 VL 交流电压VAC线性调整补偿控制引脚
3 VDD 内部稳压器旁路引脚
4 PD 相位检测和主动负载禁用功能设置引脚
5 GND 芯片接地引脚
6 CSA 主动负载电路电流检测引脚
7 CS 电流检测引脚
8 OUT 与LED灯串负极连接引脚
综上所述，所述可调光灯具采用了“多级式”浪涌过压保护功能的电路设计方案，其中，所述整流单元10的交流电输入前端设有浪涌过压保护单元61，所述控制单元20连接于浪涌吸收单元62输出端后部，其后端的浪涌过压保护单元63、滤波单元30和去频闪控制单元40共同连接与所述控制单元20的所述高压线性恒流调光控制IC芯片U1的与所述LED灯负极端口对应相连接的第8引脚位置，所述LED灯模组连接于所述去频闪控制单元40的输出后端，即所述LED灯模组位于整体电源电路的输出末端。
通过这样的设计，大大提高了所述可调光灯具在使用过程中的安全性和可靠性，保障了所述调光灯具的产品质量。并且该电路设计方案所使用的电子元器件数量相对较少，电路设计简单，在满足实现良好的可控硅调光兼容性的条件下，能够同时兼顾线性调整率、高功率因数等其他方面使用性能。
另一方面，在本使用新型中，LED灯具为多色的LED灯板，即，一具有一暖白色温的LED灯板71和一具有冷白色温的LED灯板72，通常情况下，1600K-3800K的色温为暖白色温，4200K-8000K的色温为冷白色温。所述色度控制单元50被连接于所述暖白色温的LED灯板71和所述冷白色温的LED灯板72的两端。
进一步地，所述色度控制单元50包括一色度选择开关单元51、一色度输出单元52、以及一稳压供电单元53，其中，所述色度选择开关单元51的一端被接入到所述色度输出 单元52，另一端被接入到所述稳压供电单元53；所述色度输出单元52被接入所述去频闪控制端元40和所述LED灯具之间；所述稳压供电单元53一端与所述LED灯具连接，另一端与所述色度选择开关单元51连接。
在本实用新型中，所述色度选择开关单元51为三档位或四档位的拔码开关S1，优选地，所述色度选择开关单元51为一普通的低压导通型的拔码开关S1，所述拔码开关的各个档位输出端对应若干个按照一定串并方式进行排列组成的两组或两组以上的不同色温的设定的高压LED灯珠器件所组成的LED灯板模组。
所述色度输出单元52的主要元件为功率开关管Q2和Q3，其中，所述功率开关管Q2和Q3分别与所述暖白色温的LED灯板和所述冷白色温的LED灯板负极输出端口相连接。
值得一体的是，所述色度选择开关单元还包括两个单向二极管D3和D4。所述普通低压导通型拔码开关S1上所对应的不同色温功能档位的4个预设工作脚针(S-a、S-b、S-c、S-d)，其分别与所对应的单向二极管D3和/或D4连通，所述单向二极管D3和D4均与所述功率开关管Q2和Q3连通，所述功率开关管Q2和Q3再分别与对应的所述暖白色温的LED灯板和所述冷白色温的LED灯板连接。
在本实用新型中，是通过所述普通低压导通型拔码开关S1和对应的单向二极管D3和D4结合的子电路设计来实现LED色温选择功能的，其主要的工作原理为：
所述普通低压导通型拔码开关S1上所对应的不同色温功能档位的4个预设工作脚针(S-a、S-b、S-c、S-d)，其中，“S-a”与“S-b”的相连档位对应为冷白光LED灯珠的导通工作，此时，功率开关管Q3被导通并启动工作；“S-b”与“S-c”的相连档位对应为暖白光LED灯珠与冷白光LED灯珠同时导通工作，此时，功率开关管Q2和Q3同时被导通并启动工作，灯具对应为中性色温工作模式；“S-c”与“S-d”的相连档位对应为暖白光LED灯珠导通工作，此时，功率开关管Q2启动工作。
本实用新型的所述可调光灯具的具体的标识为：保险电阻FR1、FR2、FR3、桥堆BD1、高压线性恒流控制芯片U1、去频闪控制芯片Q1、二极管D0、D1、D2、D3、整流二激光ZD1、ZD2、双向触发二极管ZD3、贴片电阻R1、R2、R3、R4……、贴片电容C0、C1、C2……、压敏电阻M1、电解电容EC1、EC2、功率开关管(MOS管)Q2、Q3、普通型拔码开关(普通12V/50V低压导通型的拔码开关)。
所述低压导通型的拔码开关S1相关的生产制造厂家资源较多，且结构用料和制造工艺较为简单，因此价格比较便宜，采用此类拔码开关从整体上降低了整个所述可调光灯具 的制造成本。
同时，通过所述普通低压导通型拔码开关S1和对应的单向二极管D3和D4结合的子电路设计来实现LED色温选择功能，单向二极管D3和D4结合的子电路设计简单，占用空间小，价格便宜，采用此方式进行不同色温的调整，使电路设计更简单、体积更小，在一定程度上也降低了所述可调光灯具的制造成本。
其次，所述可调光灯具再不增加额外电路或器件的情况下，能够兼顾线性调整率、浪涌过压保护、短路保护等多方面的性能，其还适用于多色段调光的需求，同时，可达到去频闪、底纹波的实际效果，其减少了使用的电子元件的数量，降低了制造成本。
本领域技术人员会明白附图中所示的和以上所描述的本实用新型实施例仅是对本实用新型的示例而不是限制。
由此可以看到本实用新型目的可被充分有效完成。用于解释本实用新型功能和结构原理的该实施例已被充分说明和描述，且本实用新型不受基于这些实施例原理基础上的改变的限制。因此，本实用新型包括涵盖在附属权利要求书要求范围和精神之内的所有修改。

Claims (13)

  1. 由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其特征在于，包括：
    一整流单元，以供接入一外部电源，以将外部电源的交流市电转化为直流电流；
    一控制单元，其输入端被连接于所述整流单元，以供对获得的直流电流进行控制；
    至少三保护单元，分别被设置于所述整流单元或所述控制单元的输入端和输出端；
    一滤波单元和一去频闪控制单元，所述滤波单元和所述去频闪控制单元输入端被连接于所述控制单元的输出端，所述去频闪控制单元的输出端连接于一LED灯负极输出端口，所述滤波单元的输出端连接于所述LED灯的阳极输出端口，所述LED灯被设置于整体电源电路的输出末端；以及
    一色度控制单元，所述色度控制单元被连接与所述LED灯的两端，以控制所述LED灯选择地控制色温的功能。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述控制单元为一高压线性恒流调光控制IC芯片，以及所述IC芯片的各个引脚所对应的各个电阻R、电容C元件所组成的周边子电路。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述保护单元分别为第一保护单元、第二保护单元、第三保护单元，其中，所述第一保护单元和所述第二保护单元分别被设置在所述整流单元的输入端和输出端；所述第一保护单元和所述第二保护单元被设置在所述控制单元的输入端，所述第三保护单元被设置在所述控制单元的输出端。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述第一保护单元为浪涌过压保护单元，其主要元件为压敏电组M1；所述第二保护单元为浪涌吸收单元，其主要元件为金属膜聚丙烯电容；所述第三保护单元为浪涌过压保护单元，其主要元件为双向触发二极管ZD3。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中还包括一调光开关，其被设置在所述整流单元的输入端，所述调光开关为一可控硅调光器。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述LED灯具为多色的LED灯板。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述色度控制单元包括一色度选择开关单元、一色度输出单元、一稳压供电单元，其中，所述色度 选择开关单元的一端被接入到所述色度输出单元，另一端被接入到所述稳压供电单元；所述色度输出单元被接入所述去频闪控制端元和所述LED灯具之间；所述稳压供电单元一端与所述LED灯具连接，另一端与所述色度选择开关单元连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述色度选择开关单元为三档位或四档位的拔码开关。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述色度选择开关单元为一普通低12V/50V压导通型的拔码开关。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述色度输出单元的主要元件为功率开关管Q2和Q3，所述功率开关管Q2和Q3分别与不同色温的所述LED灯板负极输出端口相连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述普通低压导通型拔码开关上具有对应不同色温功能档位的4个预设工作脚针(S-a、S-b、S-c、S-d)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述色度选择开关单元还包括两个单向二极管D3和D4，所述普通低压导通型拔码开关上的4个预设工作脚针分别与所对应的所述单向二极管D3和D4连通，所述单向二极管D3和D4均与所述功率开关管Q2和Q3连通，所述功率开关管Q2和Q3再分别与对应的所述不同色温的LED灯板连接。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的由普通低压型拔码开关控制的可调光灯具，其中所述滤波单元的主要元件为电解电容EC1、EC2，所述去频闪控制单元的主要元件为去频闪控制芯片Q1。
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