WO2022267618A1 - 一种按键结构、键盘及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种按键结构、键盘及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022267618A1
WO2022267618A1 PCT/CN2022/085484 CN2022085484W WO2022267618A1 WO 2022267618 A1 WO2022267618 A1 WO 2022267618A1 CN 2022085484 W CN2022085484 W CN 2022085484W WO 2022267618 A1 WO2022267618 A1 WO 2022267618A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
keycap
elastic body
bottom plate
escape groove
circuit board
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/085484
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邹亚科
何攀
田村文雄
方梦思
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP22827121.9A priority Critical patent/EP4350728A1/en
Publication of WO2022267618A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022267618A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H01H13/705—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by construction, mounting or arrangement of operating parts, e.g. push-buttons or keys
    • H01H13/7065—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by construction, mounting or arrangement of operating parts, e.g. push-buttons or keys characterised by the mechanism between keys and layered keyboards
    • H01H13/7073—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by construction, mounting or arrangement of operating parts, e.g. push-buttons or keys characterised by the mechanism between keys and layered keyboards characterised by springs, e.g. Euler springs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H01H13/705—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by construction, mounting or arrangement of operating parts, e.g. push-buttons or keys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H01H13/705—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by construction, mounting or arrangement of operating parts, e.g. push-buttons or keys
    • H01H13/7065—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by construction, mounting or arrangement of operating parts, e.g. push-buttons or keys characterised by the mechanism between keys and layered keyboards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/84—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by ergonomic functions, e.g. for miniature keyboards; characterised by operational sensory functions, e.g. sound feedback
    • H01H13/85—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by ergonomic functions, e.g. for miniature keyboards; characterised by operational sensory functions, e.g. sound feedback characterised by tactile feedback features
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/12—Push-buttons
    • H01H3/122—Push-buttons with enlarged actuating area, e.g. of the elongated bar-type; Stabilising means therefor
    • H01H3/125—Push-buttons with enlarged actuating area, e.g. of the elongated bar-type; Stabilising means therefor using a scissor mechanism as stabiliser
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2215/00—Tactile feedback
    • H01H2215/004—Collapsible dome or bubble
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2215/00—Tactile feedback
    • H01H2215/004—Collapsible dome or bubble
    • H01H2215/012—Positioning of individual dome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2227/00—Dimensions; Characteristics
    • H01H2227/022—Collapsable dome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2227/00—Dimensions; Characteristics
    • H01H2227/036—Minimise height

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of keys, and in particular, to a key structure, a keyboard, and an electronic device.
  • a keyboard is an instruction and data input device used to operate electronic equipment. Users who often use computers may perform a large number of keyboard input operations. The experience when typing on the keyboard is very important.
  • the key travel that directly affects the user's keystroke feel is an important parameter of keyboard design. The key travel is the distance traveled by pressing a key, and a keyboard with a moderate key travel will make people feel soft and comfortable. With the miniaturization and thinning of electronic equipment, the thickness of the keyboard is getting thinner and thinner. The thinner keyboard will shorten the key travel accordingly, which will affect the user's keystroke feel. Therefore, how to provide a key structure that ensures a sufficiently long key travel while reducing the weight of the electronic device is an urgent problem to be solved in the industry.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a key structure, a keyboard and an electronic device, which solves the problem that the key structure in the prior art is difficult to ensure a sufficiently long key travel when the electronic device is thinner and thinner.
  • a key structure including: a key cap, a supporting component and a bottom plate.
  • the bottom plate includes a thin film circuit board, and the thin film circuit board has a contact part.
  • the side of the keycap facing the thin film circuit board is provided with a first escape groove.
  • Two ends of the supporting component are respectively movably connected to the base plate and the keycap, and are used to support the movement of the keycap relative to the base plate.
  • the supporting component includes a frustum-shaped elastic body, the elastic body is arranged between the film circuit board and the keycap, the elastic body includes an upper bottom and a lower bottom, and the projection of the upper bottom on the keycap is located within the projection of the lower bottom on the keycap.
  • the truncated cone shape refers to a three-dimensional shape located between two parallel planes after the cones such as cones, ellipse cones, and pyramids are truncated by two parallel planes.
  • the frustum-shaped elastic body means that the appearance of the elastic body is generally in the shape of a frustum.
  • the elastic body only has the top surface and the side area of the frustum, and does not have the bottom surface area of the frustum.
  • the bottom surface of the frustum has a mouth.
  • the supporting component plays a role of supporting the movement of the keycap relative to the bottom plate.
  • the elastic body stores energy when the keycap is pressed and resets the keycap when it is released.
  • the upper bottom of the elastic body abuts against the thin film circuit board on the bottom plate, it will trigger the contact part of the thin film circuit board.
  • the first avoidance groove is set on the back of the keycap.
  • the upward protruding part of the elastic body can be accommodated in the first avoidance groove, which reduces the fatigue damage of the elastic body caused by the interference between the elastic body and the keycap, and improves
  • the service life of the elastic body reduces the impact on the button function caused by the thinning of the elastic body, realizes the thinning of the electronic device and satisfies the requirement that the key structure has a long enough key stroke, and improves the use feel of the key structure.
  • the bottom plate is provided with a second avoidance groove, and when the keycap is pressed so that the elastic body is compressed, the downwardly protruding part of the compressed elastic body accommodates Placed in the second avoidance tank.
  • a first ring-shaped part is included between the upper bottom and the lower bottom, and the first ring-shaped part is an elastic body After being compressed, the part protrudes upwards and contacts the keycap, and the position of the first escape groove corresponds to the position of the first annular part.
  • a second annular part is included between the upper bottom and the lower bottom, the second annular part is the part that contacts the bottom plate downward after the elastic body is compressed, and the position of the second escape groove corresponds to the position of the second annular part .
  • the first annular part protrudes toward the keycap to form an upwardly raised part, and the upwardly raised part is at least partially accommodated in the first escape groove, reducing the elasticity
  • the interference between the body and the keycap leads to fatigue failure of the elastic body.
  • the second annular portion protrudes toward the bottom plate to form a downward convex portion, and the downward convex portion is at least partially accommodated in the second avoidance groove, so as to reduce fatigue damage of the elastic body caused by interference between the elastic body and the bottom plate.
  • the shapes of the second relief groove and the second annular portion match, and the second relief groove is in the shape of a ring.
  • the second annular part will bend and deform downwards, forming a downwardly convex part with the convex surface facing the bottom plate and the concave surface facing the keycap, so that a part of the annular downwardly convex part is accommodated in the second
  • the avoidance groove can effectively reduce the interference between the second annular portion and the thin film circuit board or the bottom plate due to the absence of the second avoidance groove.
  • the second escape groove includes a plurality of arc-shaped grooves distributed around the contact part as a center.
  • the second annular part will bend and deform downwards, so that multiple parts of the downward protruding part can be respectively accommodated in different arc-shaped grooves, reducing the second When the annular part interferes with the thin film circuit board or the base plate.
  • the second avoidance groove is set through the bottom plate; or, the first Two, the depth of the escape groove is smaller than the thickness of the bottom plate. Both of these two methods can satisfy that the second annular portion of the elastic body is at least partially accommodated in the second avoidance groove when the keycap is pressed down.
  • the projection of the first escape groove on the keycap surrounds the The second avoids the projection of the groove on the keycap.
  • the first avoidance groove is arranged outside the second escape groove, so that when the elastic body is compressed, the first annular part located on the outside enters the first avoidance groove of the keycap, while the first ring part located on the inside The shaped part enters the second escape groove of the bottom plate or the thin film circuit board.
  • the first escape groove and the first annular portion The shapes are compatible, and the first avoidance groove is annular.
  • the first annular part When the keycap is pressed down, the first annular part will be bent upwards and deformed to form an upwardly convex part with the convex surface facing the keycap and the concave surface facing the bottom plate, so that a part of the annular upwardly convex part is accommodated in the first avoidance groove, It can effectively reduce the interference between the first annular portion and the back surface of the keycap due to the absence of the first escape groove.
  • the depth of the first escape groove is smaller than the thickness of the keycap.
  • the first avoidance groove is provided on the back of the keycap to avoid the first annular portion when the elastic body is compressed, instead of setting the first escape groove through the keycap to affect the appearance of the keycap and the user's touch.
  • the support assembly further includes a first scissors foot and a second scissors foot that are pivotally connected to each other.
  • Scissor feet, the two ends of the first scissor foot are respectively movably connected to the bottom plate and the keycap, the two ends of the second scissor foot are respectively movably connected to the bottom plate and the keycap, and the elastic body is installed in the middle of the first scissor foot and the middle of the second scissor foot.
  • the first scissor foot and the second scissor foot are arranged in an X shape. The cooperation between the first scissors foot and the second scissors foot plays the role of supporting and balancing the keycap.
  • the support assembly includes bending rods arranged in pairs, and the bending rods The first end is pivotally connected to the keycap, the second end of the bending rod is slidingly installed on the bottom plate, and the elastic body is located between the pair of bending rods.
  • the paired bending rods cooperate to support and balance the keycap.
  • a keyboard including the above key structure.
  • the keyboard provided by the embodiment of the present application also has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution of the above embodiment because it adopts the above key structure.
  • an electronic device including the above key structure.
  • the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application also has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments because of the adoption of the above key structure.
  • Fig. 1 is the exploded schematic diagram of a kind of keyboard that conventional technology provides
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of one of the key structures of the keyboard of FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an elastic body in the button structure of Fig. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a compression deformation cross-section of the button structure of FIG. 3 during the pressing process
  • FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional assembly diagram of the button structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the button structure in Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the keycap in the button structure of Fig. 6,
  • (b) in Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of another angle of the keycap, and
  • (c) in Fig. 7 is a keycap
  • (d) in Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view along the A-A line in (c) in Fig. 7, and (e) in Fig. 7 is an enlarged view at B of (d) in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the button structure of Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 9 are schematic diagrams of compression deformation cross-sections of the button structure of FIG. 8 during pressing;
  • FIG. 10 are structural schematic diagrams of different angles of the bottom plate in the key structure of FIG. 8 .
  • buttons structures provided in the following embodiments of the present application can be applied to electronic devices with keyboards, such as notebook computers, desktop computers, mobile terminals, wearable products, tablet computers, smart home terminals, automotive electronic devices, and the like.
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a keyboard provided by conventional technology
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of one of the key structure of the keyboard of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the elastic body in the key structure of Fig.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the compression deformation of the elastic body during the pressing process.
  • a conventional key structure includes a keycap 10', a scissor support assembly 20', an elastic body 30', a film circuit board 40' and a bottom plate 50'.
  • the thin film circuit board 40' is disposed on the base plate 50'.
  • the scissor support assembly 20' is connected between the bottom plate 50' and the keycap 10', and plays the role of supporting and balancing the keycap 10'.
  • the elastic body 30' is disposed in the scissor support assembly 20' and between the bottom plate 50' and the keycap 10', and is used to provide restoring elastic force for the keycap 10'.
  • Base plate 50' can be made of metal or other hard materials. Referring to Fig.
  • the thickness of each component arranged in sequence in the longitudinal direction can be reduced.
  • the longitudinal direction here is the Z direction, that is, the pressing direction of the button structure.
  • the size of some components has a limit thickness and cannot be thinned too much; there are also some components that are limited by their functions, and other problems will arise after the size is reduced.
  • the height dimension of the elastic body 30' shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is H when it is not compressed.
  • the elastic body 30' When the keycap 10' is pressed, the elastic body 30' is compressed and deformed, the first part 31' of the elastic body 30' will protrude and bend upwards, and the second part 32' will protrude and bend downwards, and the elastic body 30' will The height dimension when fully compressed is h. Thinning the elastic body 30', the height dimension h of the elastic body 30' when fully compressed will decrease, and the compression ratio of the elastic body 30' will increase.
  • the compression ratio of the elastic body 30' refers to the ratio (H/h) of the height dimension when it is not compressed and when it is fully compressed.
  • the compression ratio of the elastic body 30' increases from 2.73 to 3.72.
  • the first part 31' of the elastic body 30' will fold in half and interfere with the keycap 10' due to fatigue fracture, while the second part 32' will interfere with the film circuit board 40' or the bottom plate 50' Extrusion fracture will cause fatigue fracture of the elastic body 30' after multiple compressions, affecting the use function of the elastic body 30'.
  • FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional assembly view of the key structure provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the key structure in FIG. 5
  • (a) in Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the keycap in the button structure of Fig. 6,
  • Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of another angle of the keycap
  • (c) in Fig. 7 is a keycap
  • (d) in FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in (c) in FIG. 7
  • (e) in FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at B of (d) in FIG. 7
  • FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the key structure in FIG. 5
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the compression deformation of the button structure of FIG. 8 during the pressing process.
  • a key structure comprising: a key cap 10, a support assembly 20 and a bottom plate 50.
  • the base plate 50 includes a thin film circuit board 40 , and the thin film circuit board 40 has a contact portion 41 .
  • the side of the keycap 10 facing the thin film circuit board 40 is provided with a first escape groove 11 .
  • the support assembly 20 includes a frustum-shaped elastic body 30 , the elastic body 30 is arranged between the film circuit board 40 and the keycap 10 , the elastic body 30 includes an upper bottom 33 and a lower bottom 34 , and the upper bottom 33 is on the keycap.
  • the projection of 10 is located within the projection of the lower bottom 34 on the keycap 10 .
  • the truncated cone shape refers to a three-dimensional shape located between two parallel planes after the cones such as cones, ellipse cones, and pyramids are truncated by two parallel planes.
  • the truncated cone is a cone, ellipse cone, pyramid
  • the frustum can be divided into circular frustum, elliptical frustum, and prism frustum.
  • the edges of the truss may be rounded.
  • the truncated-cone-shaped elastic body 30 means that the appearance of the elastic body 30 is roughly in the shape of a truncated cone.
  • the bottom surface of the frustum has a mouth 341 .
  • the transverse cross-section of the elastic body 30 may be circular, elliptical, polygonal, rounded rectangle, and the like.
  • the supporting component 20 plays a role of supporting the movement of the keycap 10 relative to the bottom plate 50 .
  • the elastic body 30 stores energy when the keycap 10 is pressed, and resets the keycap 10 when it is released.
  • the upper bottom 33 of the elastic body 30 abuts against the thin film circuit board 40 on the base plate 50 , it will trigger the contact portion 41 of the thin film circuit board 40 .
  • the first escape groove 11 is provided on the back surface 10b of the keycap 10.
  • the front 10 a of the keycap 10 is the side facing the user, and the back 10 b of the keycap 10 is the side of the keycap 10 facing the bottom plate 50 .
  • the keycap 10 can be an injection molded part, which is convenient for batch molding.
  • the elastic body 30 When setting the elastic body 30, referring to FIG. 8, the elastic body 30 needs to be compressed and deformed during the use of the key structure, and the elastic body 30 can be made of rubber or other elastic materials.
  • the elastic body 30 can be configured as a truncated cone with a mouth 341 on the bottom surface.
  • the mouth 341 of the elastic body 30 faces the bottom plate 50
  • the upper bottom 33 faces the keycap 10
  • the lower bottom 34 is connected to the bottom plate 50 or the film circuit board 40 .
  • the corresponding position of the thin film circuit board 40 can open a hole for the lower bottom 34 to be connected to the bottom plate 50 .
  • the back side 10b is provided with a first avoidance groove 11 to avoid the upward protruding part 31a of the elastic body 30.
  • the bottom plate 50 is provided with a second avoidance groove 51. The elastic body 30 is compressed, and the downwardly protruding portion 32 a of the compressed elastic body 30 is accommodated in the second escape groove 51 .
  • the position of the film circuit board 40 corresponding to the second avoidance groove 51 can be provided with a third avoidance groove, so that the downward protruding portion 32 a at least partially passes through the third avoidance groove and is accommodated in the second avoidance groove 51 .
  • the position of the thin film circuit board 40 corresponding to the second avoidance groove 51 may not be provided with the third avoidance groove, so that the downward protrusion 32a pushes the part of the thin film circuit board 40 located at the second avoidance groove 51 into the second avoidance groove. Avoid in the groove 51. Both of these methods can reduce the fatigue failure of the downward convex portion 32a when the elastic body 30 is compressed and deformed.
  • a first ring-shaped part 31 is included between the upper bottom 33 and the lower bottom 34, the first ring-shaped part 31 is a part that protrudes upward and contacts the keycap 10 after the elastic body 30 is compressed, and the second A position of the escape groove 11 corresponds to a position of the first annular portion 31 .
  • a second annular portion 32 is included between the upper bottom 33 and the lower bottom 34. The second annular portion 32 is a part that contacts the bottom plate 50 downward after the elastic body 30 is compressed. The position of the second escape groove 51 is the same as that of the second The position of the annular portion 32 corresponds.
  • the elastic body 30 is provided as a lower bottom portion 34 , a first annular portion 31 , a second annular portion 32 and an upper bottom portion 33 connected in sequence, and the lower bottom portion 34 has a mouth portion 341 .
  • the lower bottom 34 , the first annular portion 31 , the second annular portion 32 and the upper bottom 33 may be integrally formed. Referring to (a) and (b) in FIG.
  • the first annular portion 31 protrudes toward the keycap 10 to form an upward convex portion 31a, and the upward protruding portion 31a is at least partially accommodated in the first escape groove 11, so as to reduce the fatigue damage of the elastic body 30 caused by the interference between the elastic body 30 and the keycap 10.
  • the second annular portion 32 protrudes toward the bottom plate 50 to form a downward convex portion 32a, and the downward convex portion 32a is at least partially accommodated in the second avoidance groove 51, so as to reduce the interference between the elastic body 30 and the bottom plate 50 and cause elasticity. Fatigue failure of body 30.
  • the shape of the first escape groove 11 and the first annular portion 31 are matched, and the first escape groove 11 is annular.
  • the axis of the first avoidance groove 11 and the axis of the elastic body 30 are arranged approximately coaxially.
  • the first annular part 31 will be bent and deformed upwards, forming a convex surface facing the keycap 10 and a concave surface facing the bottom plate 50.
  • the upward raised portion 31a of the ring-shaped upward raised portion 31a is partly accommodated in the first avoidance groove 11, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of the first annular portion 31 and the back surface of the keycap 10 caused by the absence of the first escape groove 11.
  • 10b Cases of interference is in the shape of a ring, and is specifically set to a suitable shape according to the shape of the first ring portion 31 , such as a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle with rounded corners, and the like.
  • the depth of the first escape groove 11 is smaller than the thickness of the keycap 10 .
  • the thickness of the keycap 10 is exactly the wall thickness of the keycap 10 .
  • the first escape groove 11 is provided on the back side 10b of the keycap 10 to avoid the first annular portion 31 when the elastic body 30 is compressed, instead of making the first escape groove 11 penetrate the keycap 10 and affect the appearance and appearance of the keycap 10. User touch.
  • a chamfer may be provided between the bottom surface and the inner surface of the first avoidance groove 11, which facilitates the ejection of the keycap 10 during injection molding.
  • the implementation of the first second avoidance groove is: referring to (a) and (b) in Fig. 9, the shape of the second escape groove 51 and the second annular part 32 are adapted, and the second escape groove 51 is annular , the second avoidance groove 51 is continuous.
  • the axis of the second avoidance groove 51 is arranged approximately coaxially with the axis of the elastic body 30.
  • the downward protruding part 32a of 10 so that a part of the annular downward protruding part 32a is accommodated in the second avoidance groove 51, can effectively reduce the second annular part 32 and the film circuit caused by not setting the second avoidance groove 51.
  • the second avoidance groove 51 is in the shape of a ring, and is specifically set to a suitable shape according to the shape of the second ring portion 32 , such as a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle with rounded corners, and the like.
  • the elastic body 30 is in the shape of a truncated cone with a mouth 341 , the upper bottom 33 and the lower bottom 34 are circular, the diameter of the upper bottom 33 is smaller than that of the lower bottom 34 , and the lower bottom 34 has a mouth 341 .
  • Both the first annular part 31 and the second annular part 32 are annular structures extending along a circle, and the first avoidance groove 11 and the second escape groove 51 are set in a circular shape, which satisfies the upwardly convex and bent first ring structure.
  • the circular portion 31 enters into the circular first escape groove 11
  • the downwardly convex and bent second annular portion 32 enters into the circular second escape groove 51 .
  • the elastic body 30 is in the shape of an elliptical table with a mouth 341, the upper bottom 33 and the lower bottom 34 are both elliptical, and the projection of the upper bottom 33 on the keycap 10 is located within the projection of the lower bottom 34 on the keycap 10,
  • the lower bottom 34 has a mouth 341 .
  • Both the first annular part 31 and the second annular part 32 are annular structures extending along an ellipse, and the first avoidance groove 11 and the second escape groove 51 are set in an ellipse shape, which satisfies the upwardly convex and bent first ring structure.
  • the circular portion 31 enters into the first elliptical escape groove 11
  • the second annular portion 32 protruding and bent downward enters into the second elliptical escape groove 51 .
  • the elastic body 30 is in the shape of a quadrangular prism with a mouth 341 and its edges are rounded.
  • the upper bottom 33 and the lower bottom 34 are both rounded rectangles.
  • the bottom 34 is in the projection of the keycap 10 , the lower bottom 34 has a mouth 341 .
  • Both the first annular portion 31 and the second annular portion 32 are annular structures extending along a rounded rectangle, and the first avoidance groove 11 and the second escape groove 51 are set as rounded rectangles, which meet the second convex bending requirement.
  • An annular portion 31 enters into the first escape groove 11 of rounded rectangle, and the second annular portion 32 protruding downward enters into the second escape groove 51 of rounded rectangle.
  • the second realization of the second avoidance groove is: (a) and (b) in FIG. 10 are structural schematic diagrams of different angles of the bottom plate in the key structure of FIG. 8 .
  • the second escape groove 51 includes a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 511 distributed around the contact portion 41 , and the second avoidance groove 51 is discontinuous.
  • the axes of the multi-stage arc-shaped grooves 511 and the axes of the elastic body 30 are arranged approximately coaxially.
  • the second annular portion 32 When the keycap 10 is pressed down, the second annular portion 32 will be bent and deformed downward, so that the plurality of downward protruding portions 32a
  • the parts are respectively accommodated in different arc-shaped grooves 511 , reducing the interference between the second annular portion 32 and the thin film circuit board 40 or the bottom plate 50 caused by not setting the second escape groove 51 .
  • the bottom plate 50 or the thin film circuit board 40 using the multi-segment arc-shaped grooves 511 is easy to manufacture and assemble.
  • the second avoidance groove 51 is disposed through the bottom plate 50 ; or, the depth of the second avoidance groove 51 is smaller than the thickness of the bottom plate 50 . Both of these two methods can meet the requirement that the second annular portion 32 of the elastic body 30 is at least partially accommodated in the second avoidance groove 51 when the keycap 10 is pressed down, and it is specifically set as required.
  • the projection of the first escape groove 11 on the keycap 10 surrounds the second The projection of the escape groove 51 on the keycap 10 .
  • the lower bottom 34, the first annular portion 31, the second annular portion 32 and the upper bottom 33 in the elastic body 30 are sequentially arranged radially inward, and when viewed from a plan view, the first avoidance groove 11 is arranged at the second avoidance groove.
  • the first annular portion 31 on the outer side enters the first avoidance groove 11 of the keycap 10, and the first annular portion 31 on the inner side enters the bottom plate 50 or the thin film circuit.
  • the second escape groove 51 of the plate 40 when the keycap 10 is pressed down, the back surface 10b of the keycap 10 forms a relatively large pressing surface in the middle area of the first escape groove 11, so that the pressure passing through the keycap 10 is evenly transmitted to the upper bottom of the elastic body 30
  • the top surface of the elastic body 33 facilitates stable compression deformation of the elastic body 30 and improves the repeatability of deformation of the elastic body 30 .
  • the implementation of the first support assembly is a scissor support assembly: referring to Figure 6, the support assembly 20 includes a first scissor foot 21 and a second scissor foot 22 pivotally connected to each other, and the two ends of the first scissor foot 21 are respectively movable Connected to the bottom plate 50 and the keycap 10, the two ends of the second scissors foot 22 are movably connected to the bottom plate 50 and the keycap 10 respectively, and the elastic body 30 is passed through the middle part of the first scissors foot 21 and the second scissors foot 22 middle part.
  • the first scissors feet 21 and the second scissors feet 22 are arranged in an X shape.
  • the first end 21 a of the first scissors 21 is pivotally connected to the keycap 10 , and the second end 21 b of the first scissors 21 is slidably mounted on the bottom plate 50 .
  • the first end 22 a of the second scissors 22 is pivotally connected to the keycap 10 , and the second end 22 b of the second scissors 22 is slidably mounted on the bottom plate 50 .
  • the axes of the first end 21a and the second end 21b of the first scissors foot 21 and the first end 22a and the second end 22b of the second scissors foot 22 are parallel to each other.
  • the sliding directions of the second end 21b of the first scissors foot 21 and the second end 22b of the second scissors foot 22 are the same, and both are perpendicular to the pressing direction of the keycap 10 .
  • the first scissors feet 21 cooperate with the second scissors feet 22 to support and balance the keycap 10 .
  • the first scissors foot 21 is an inner ring structure
  • the second scissors foot 22 is an outer ring structure
  • the first scissors foot 21 is pivotally connected to the inner side of the second scissors foot 22 .
  • the back surface 10 b of the keycap 10 is provided with a first pivot seat 12
  • the first end 21 a of the first scissor foot 21 is pivotally connected to the keycap 10 through the first pivot seat 12 .
  • the back side 10b of the keycap 10 is provided with a first sliding groove 13, and the second end 22b of the second scissor foot 22 is slidably installed in the first sliding groove 13.
  • the bottom plate 50 is provided with a second chute 53 , and the second end 21 b of the first scissors foot 21 is slidably mounted on the second chute.
  • the bottom plate 50 is provided with a second pivot seat 52 , and the first end 22 a of the second scissors foot 22 is pivotally connected to the bottom plate 50 through the second pivot seat. This facilitates the assembly of the first scissors 21 and the second scissors 22 between the bottom plate 50 and the keycap 10 .
  • the second implementation of the support assembly is a butterfly support assembly: the support assembly includes bending rods arranged in pairs, the first end of the bending rod is pivotally connected to the keycap, and the second end of the bending rod is slidably mounted on the bottom plate.
  • the elastic body is located between the bent rods arranged in pairs. In a single bending rod, the axes at the first end and the second end of the bending rod are parallel to each other.
  • a plurality of pivot joint seats are arranged on the back of the keycap for pivoting the first end of the bending rod.
  • a plurality of sliding slots are arranged on the base plate for sliding assembly of the second ends of different bending rods. This facilitates the assembly of the bent rod between the bottom plate and the keycap.
  • the thin film circuit board 40 includes a first diaphragm and a second diaphragm stacked on each other, which can be made of resin or soft material, and the two diaphragms are provided with conductive lines.
  • the keycap 10 when the keycap 10 is pressed down, the elastic body 30 is compressed and deformed, and when the upper bottom 33 of the elastic body 30 abuts against the contact portion 41 of the thin film circuit board 40, it is located at The electrical contacts corresponding to the first membrane and the second membrane are in contact to realize electrical connection and realize the closing of the button structure.
  • the second implementation of the thin film circuit board is: the thin film circuit board 40 is provided with an independent switch as the contact part 41 , such as a touch switch.
  • an independent switch as the contact part 41 , such as a touch switch.
  • a light source such as an LED is arranged on the bottom plate 50, and the light source is electrically connected to the thin film circuit board 40, and a light-transmitting area is set on the bottom plate 50, and the thin film circuit board 40 can be made of a transparent material.
  • the light generated by the light source passes through the light-transmitting area of the base plate 50 and the thin film circuit board 40 , and is emitted upward around the keycap 10 .
  • a light-transmitting area is provided on the keycap 10 , so that the light generated by the light source passes through the light-transmitting area of the keycap 10 and emits upward.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a keyboard, including the above key structure.
  • the keyboard provided by the embodiment of the present application also has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution of the above embodiment because it adopts the above key structure.
  • multiple button structures are provided, multiple sets of keycaps 10 , support components 20 and elastic bodies 30 can share the same bottom plate 50 and thin film circuit board 40 , reducing the number of components and improving assembly efficiency.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including the above key structure.
  • the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application also has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments because of the adoption of the above key structure.
  • An electronic device with a button structure may be a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a mobile terminal, a wearable product, a tablet computer, a smart home terminal, an electronic device for an automobile, and the like.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种按键结构、键盘及电子设备。按键结构包括键帽(10)、支撑组件(20)和底板(50)，底板(50)包括薄膜电路板(40)，支撑组件(20)的两端分别可活动地连接于底板(50)和键帽(10)，支撑组件(20)包括锥台状的弹性体(30)，弹性体(30)设于薄膜电路板(40)和键帽(10)之间。弹性体(30)在键帽(10)按下时蓄能，而在松开时使键帽(10)复位。当弹性体(30)的上底部(33)抵设于底板(50)上的薄膜电路板(40)时，会触发薄膜电路板(40)的触点部(41)。在键帽(10)的背面设置第一避让槽(11)，当弹性体(30)压缩变形时，弹性体(30)的向上凸起部分(31a)能容置在第一避让槽(11)，降低弹性体(30)和键帽(10)干涉而导致弹性体(30)的疲劳破坏，提高弹性体(30)的使用寿命，降低由于弹性体(30)减薄而造成对按键功能的影响，实现电子设备的轻薄化并满足按键结构具有足够长的键程，改善按键结构的使用手感。

Description

一种按键结构、键盘及电子设备
本申请要求于2021年06月25日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202110716213.4、申请名称为“一种按键结构、键盘及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及按键技术领域，尤其涉及一种按键结构、键盘及电子设备。
背景技术
键盘是用于操作电子设备运行的一种指令和数据输入装置。经常使用计算机的用户可能会进行大量的键盘输入操作，敲击键盘时的体验很重要，直接影响用户键击手感的键程是键盘设计的重要参数。键程就是按下一个按键它所走的路程，键程适中的键盘会让人感到柔软舒服。随着电子设备的小型化和轻薄化，键盘厚度越来越薄，变薄的键盘会使键程相应变短，进而影响到用户键击手感。因此，如何提供一种在电子设备轻薄化下保证足够长键程的按键结构是业界亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种按键结构、键盘及电子设备，解决了现有技术按键结构难以在电子设备轻薄化下保证足够长键程的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种按键结构，包括：键帽、支撑组件和底板。底板上包括薄膜电路板，薄膜电路板具有触点部。键帽面向薄膜电路板的一面设置有第一避让槽。支撑组件的两端分别可活动地连接于底板和键帽，用于支撑键帽相对底板移动。支撑组件包括锥台状的弹性体，弹性体设于薄膜电路板和键帽之间，弹性体包括上底部与下底部，上底部在键帽的投影位于下底部在键帽的投影内。在键帽被按压使得弹性体被压缩，被压缩的弹性体的上底部抵设于键帽与触点部之间，被压缩的弹性体的向上凸起部分容置于第一避让槽。
其中，锥台状是指圆锥、椭圆锥、棱锥等锥体被两个平行平面所截后，位于两个平行平面之间的立体。锥台状的弹性体是指弹性体的外观大致呈锥台状，弹性体只具有锥台的顶面和侧面区域，不具有锥台的底面区域，锥台的底面具有口部。
本申请实施例提供的按键结构，在键帽按压或松开的过程中，支撑组件起到支撑键帽相对底板移动的作用。弹性体在键帽按下时蓄能，而在松开时使键帽复位。当弹性体的上底部抵设于底板上的薄膜电路板时，会触发薄膜电路板的触点部。在键帽的背面设置第一避让槽，当弹性体压缩变形时，弹性体的向上凸起部分能容置在第一避让槽，降低弹性体和键帽干涉而导致弹性体的疲劳破坏，提高弹性体的使用寿命，降低由于弹性体减薄而造成对按键功能的影响，实现电子设备的轻薄化并满足按键结构具有足够长的键程，改善按键结构的使用手感。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，底板设有第二避让槽， 在键帽被按压使得弹性体被压缩，被压缩的弹性体的向下凸起部分容置于第二避让槽。降低弹性体和底板或薄膜电路板干涉而导致向下凸起部分的疲劳破坏，提高弹性体的使用寿命，进一步实现电子设备的轻薄化并满足按键结构具有足够长的键程。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，在上底部与下底部之间包括第一环状部，第一环状部为弹性体被压缩之后向上凸起并接触到键帽的部分，第一避让槽的位置与第一环状部的位置相对应。在上底部与下底部之间包括第二环状部，第二环状部为弹性体被压缩之后向下接触到底板的部分，第二避让槽的位置与第二环状部的位置相对应。当键帽被按压以使上底部抵设于触点部时，第一环状部朝向键帽凸起形成向上凸起部分，且向上凸起部分至少部分容置于第一避让槽，降低弹性体和键帽干涉而导致弹性体的疲劳破坏。并且，第二环状部朝向底板凸起形成向下凸起部分，且向下凸起部分至少部分容置于第二避让槽，降低弹性体和底板干涉而导致弹性体的疲劳破坏。
结合第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，第二避让槽和第二环状部的形状相适配，第二避让槽呈环形。在键帽按下时第二环状部将会向下弯折变形，形成凸面朝向底板而凹面朝向键帽的向下凸起部分，使呈环形的向下凸起部分一部分容置在第二避让槽，可有效降低未设置第二避让槽而导致第二环状部和薄膜电路板或底板干涉的情况。
结合第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，第二避让槽包括以触点部为中心分布的多段弧形槽。在键帽按下时第二环状部将会向下弯折变形，使向下凸起部分的多个部分分别容置不同的弧形槽内，降低未设置第二避让槽而导致第二环状部和薄膜电路板或底板干涉的情况。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式至第四种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，第二避让槽贯穿底板设置；或者，第二避让槽的深度小于底板的厚度。这两种方式均能满足在键帽按下时弹性体的第二环状部至少部分容置在第二避让槽内。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式至第五种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，第一避让槽在键帽的投影围绕第二避让槽在键帽的投影。在俯视方向看，将第一避让槽设置在第二避让槽以外，利于弹性体压缩时位于外侧的第一环状部进入到键帽的第一避让槽，而让位于内侧的第一环状部进入到底板或薄膜电路板的第二避让槽。
结合第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式至第四种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，第一避让槽和第一环状部的形状相适配，第一避让槽呈环形。在键帽按下时第一环状部将会向上弯折变形，形成凸面朝向键帽而凹面朝向底板的向上凸起部分，使呈环形的向上凸起部分一部分容置在第一避让槽，可有效降低未设置第一避让槽而导致第一环状部和键帽的背面干涉的情况。
结合第一方面至第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，第一避让槽的深度小于键帽的厚度。在键帽的背面设置第一避让槽，以避让在弹性体压缩时的第一环状部，而不是使第一避让槽贯通键帽设置而影响键帽外观和用户触感。
结合第一方面至第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，支撑组件还包括相互枢接的第一剪刀脚和第二剪刀脚，第一剪刀脚的两端分别可活动地连接于底板和键帽，第二剪刀脚的两端分别可活动地连接于底板和键帽，弹性体穿设于第一剪刀脚的中部和第二剪刀脚的中部。第一剪刀脚和第二剪刀脚呈X型布置。第一剪刀脚和第二剪刀脚配合，起到对键帽支撑和平衡的作用。
结合第一方面至第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中任一项，在第一方面的第十种可能的实现方式中，支撑组件包括成对布置的弯折杆，弯折杆的第一端枢接于键帽，弯折杆的第二端滑动安装于底板，弹性体位于成对布置的弯折杆之间。成对布置的弯折杆配合，起到对键帽支撑和平衡的作用。
第二方面，提供一种键盘，包括上述的按键结构。本申请实施例提供的键盘，由于采用上述的按键结构，因此同样具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果。
第三方面，提供一种电子设备，包括上述的按键结构。本申请实施例提供的电子设备，由于采用上述的按键结构，因此同样具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果。
附图说明
图1为常规技术提供的一种键盘的分解示意图；
图2为图1的键盘的其中一个按键结构的分解示意图；
图3为图2的按键结构中的弹性体的立体结构图；
图4为图3的按键结构在按压过程中的压缩变形截面示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的按键结构的立体装配图；
图6为图5的按键结构的立体分解图；
图7中的(a)为图6的按键结构中的键帽的立体结构图，图7中的(b)为键帽另一角度的立体结构图，图7中的(c)为键帽的正视图，图7中的(d)为图7中的(c)中沿A-A线的剖视图，图7中的(e)为图7中的(d)的B处放大图；
图8为图5的按键结构的纵向剖视图；
图9中的(a)和(b)为图8的按键结构在按压过程中的压缩变形截面示意图；
图10中的(a)和(b)为图8的按键结构中的底板不同角度的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请以下各实施例提供的按键结构，可应用于具有键盘的电子设备，比如笔记本电脑、台式电脑、手机终端、可穿戴产品、平板电脑、智能家庭终端、汽车用电子设备等等。
图1为常规技术提供的一种键盘的分解示意图，图2为图1的键盘的其中一个按键结构的分解示意图，图3为图2的按键结构中的弹性体的立体结构图，图4为图3的弹性体在按压过程中的压缩变形截面示意图。
参阅图1至图3，常规的按键结构包括键帽10’、剪刀式支撑组件20’、弹性体30’、薄膜电路板40’和底板50’。薄膜电路板40’设置在底板50’上。剪刀式支撑组件20’连接在底板50’和键帽10’之间，起到支撑和平衡键帽10’的作用。弹性体30’设于剪刀式支撑组件20’内并位于底板50’和键帽10’之间，用于给键帽10’提供复位弹力。底板50’可采用金属或其它硬质材料制作。结合图4，当键帽10’未按压 时，键帽10’和底板50’间隔一定距离。当键帽10’按压时，弹性体30’会压缩变形，剪刀式支撑组件20’会升降。当弹性体30’的上底部33’抵设于薄膜电路板40’的触点部41’时，触点部41’会产生触发信号。当键帽10’松开时，在弹性体30’的弹性作用下，键帽10’会跟随弹性体30’复位至未按压状态，并带动剪刀式支撑组件20’复位。
对于如图2所示的按键结构，为了实现整体结构的减薄，在保证足够键程的前提下，可减薄纵向依次排列的各个部件的厚度。这里的纵向是Z方向，也即按键结构的按压方向。然而，有些部件的尺寸存在极限厚度，不能过多减薄；还有一些部件受功能限制，减薄尺寸后会带来其他问题。
比如，如图3、图4所示的弹性体30’在未压缩时的高度尺寸是H。在键帽10’按压时，弹性体30’压缩变形，弹性体30’的第一部位31’会向上凸起弯折，第二部位32’会向下凸起弯折，弹性体30’在完全压缩时的高度尺寸是h。对弹性体30’进行减薄，弹性体30’在完全压缩时的高度尺寸h将会减小，弹性体30’的压缩比将会增加。弹性体30’的压缩比是指在未压缩时和在完全压缩时高度尺寸的比值(H/h)。示例性的，在对弹性体30’减薄前后，弹性体30’压缩比由2.73增加至3.72。在键帽10’按压时，弹性体30’的第一部位31’会发生对折并和键帽10’干涉疲劳破裂，而第二部位32’会和薄膜电路板40’或底板50’发生干涉挤压破裂，在多次压缩后会造成弹性体30’疲劳破裂，影响弹性体30’的使用功能。
图5为本申请实施例提供的按键结构的立体装配图，图6为图5的按键结构的立体分解图。图7中的(a)为图6的按键结构中的键帽的立体结构图，图7中的(b)为键帽另一角度的立体结构图，图7中的(c)为键帽的正视图，图7中的(d)为图7中的(c)中沿A-A线的剖视图，图7中的(e)为图7中的(d)的B处放大图。图8为图5的按键结构的纵向剖视图。图9为图8的按键结构在按压过程中的压缩变形截面示意图。
为了在电子设备轻薄化下保证按键结构具有足够长的键程，并降低弹性体多次被压缩变形导致和其他部件干涉而引起的疲劳破坏，参阅图5和图6，本申请实施例提供一种按键结构，包括：键帽10、支撑组件20和底板50。底板50上包括薄膜电路板40，薄膜电路板40具有触点部41。结合图7中的(a)至(e)，键帽10面向薄膜电路板40的一面设有第一避让槽11。支撑组件20的两端分别可活动地连接于底板50和键帽10，用于支撑键帽10相对底板50移动。结合图8，支撑组件20包括锥台状的弹性体30，弹性体30设于薄膜电路板40和键帽10之间，弹性体30包括上底部33与下底部34，上底部33在键帽10的投影位于下底部34在键帽10的投影内。结合图9中的(a)和(b)，在键帽10被按压使得弹性体30被压缩，被压缩的弹性体30的上底部33抵设于键帽10与触点部41之间，被压缩的弹性体30的向上凸起部分31a容置于第一避让槽11。
其中，锥台状是指圆锥、椭圆锥、棱锥等锥体被两个平行平面所截后，位于两个平行平面之间的立体。根据所截的锥体是圆锥、椭圆锥、棱锥，锥台状可分为圆台、椭圆台、棱台。其中，棱台的棱边可以设置倒圆角。在本申请中，参阅图8，锥台状的弹性体30是指弹性体30的外观大致呈锥台状，弹性体30只具有锥台的顶面和侧面 区域，不具有锥台的底面区域，锥台的底面具有口部341。弹性体30的横向截面可以是圆形、椭圆形、多边形、圆角矩形等等。
本申请实施例提供的按键结构，在键帽10按压或松开的过程中，支撑组件20起到支撑键帽10相对底板50移动的作用。弹性体30在键帽10按下时蓄能，而在松开时使键帽10复位。当弹性体30的上底部33抵设于底板50上的薄膜电路板40时，会触发薄膜电路板40的触点部41。在键帽10的背面10b设置第一避让槽11，当弹性体30压缩变形时，弹性体30的向上凸起部分31a能容置在第一避让槽11，降低弹性体30和键帽10干涉而导致弹性体30的疲劳破坏，提高弹性体30的使用寿命，降低由于弹性体30减薄而造成对按键功能的影响，实现电子设备的轻薄化并满足按键结构具有足够长的键程，改善按键结构的使用手感。
在设置键帽10时，参阅图7中的(a)和(b)，键帽10具有结构外观，供用户按压使用，键帽10通过支撑组件20设置在底板50的上方。键帽10的正面10a是面向用户的一侧，键帽10的背面10b是键帽10朝向底板50的一侧。键帽10可以为注塑件，便于批量成型。
在设置弹性体30时，参阅图8，使用按键结构的过程中，弹性体30要压缩变形，弹性体30可采用橡胶或其它弹性材料制作。弹性体30可设置为底面具有口部341的锥台状。在装配弹性体30时，将弹性体30的口部341朝向底板50，上底部33朝向键帽10，将下底部34连接在底板50或薄膜电路板40上。在下底部34连接在底板50时，薄膜电路板40的对应位置可开孔，以供下底部34连接在底板50上。
参阅图9中的(a)和(b)，在键帽10按下的过程中，弹性体30发生压缩变形，上底部33会向下底部34的中间位置移动，弹性体30靠近下底部34的一部分区域会向上弯曲变形，称为向上凸起部分31a；弹性体30靠近上底部33的一部分区域会向下弯曲变形，称为向下凸起部分32a。
在一些实施例中，为了降低在弹性体30压缩时弹性体30的向下凸起部分32a和底板50或薄膜电路板40干涉而导致向下凸起部分32a疲劳破裂，类似于在键帽10背面10b设置第一避让槽11以避让弹性体30的向上凸起部分31a，参阅图9中的(a)和(b)，底板50设有第二避让槽51，在键帽10被按压使得弹性体30被压缩，被压缩的弹性体30的向下凸起部分32a容置于第二避让槽51。降低弹性体30和底板50或薄膜电路板40干涉而导致向下凸起部分32a的疲劳破坏，提高弹性体30的使用寿命，进一步实现电子设备的轻薄化并满足按键结构具有足够长的键程。
其中，薄膜电路板40对应于第二避让槽51的位置可设置第三避让槽，让向下凸起部分32a至少部分穿过第三避让槽并容置于第二避让槽51。此外，薄膜电路板40对应于第二避让槽51的位置也可以不设置第三避让槽，让向下凸起部分32a推顶位于第二避让槽51处的部分薄膜电路板40进入到第二避让槽51内。这两种方式均能减少在弹性体30压缩变形时向下凸起部分32a的疲劳破坏。
在一些实施例中，在上底部33与下底部34之间包括第一环状部31，第一环状部31为弹性体30被压缩之后向上凸起并接触到键帽10的部分，第一避让槽11的位置与第一环状部31的位置相对应。在上底部33与下底部34之间包括第二环状部32，第二环状部32为弹性体30被压缩之后向下接触到底板50的部分，第二避让槽51的 位置与第二环状部32的位置相对应。也就是说，将弹性体30设置为依次连接的下底部34、第一环状部31、第二环状部32和上底部33，下底部34具有口部341。其中，下底部34、第一环状部31、第二环状部32和上底部33可以是一体成型结构。结合图9中的(a)和(b)，当键帽10被按压以使上底部33抵设于触点部41时，第一环状部31朝向键帽10凸起形成向上凸起部分31a，且向上凸起部分31a至少部分容置于第一避让槽11，降低弹性体30和键帽10干涉而导致弹性体30的疲劳破坏。并且，第二环状部32朝向底板50凸起形成向下凸起部分32a，且向下凸起部分32a至少部分容置于第二避让槽51，降低弹性体30和底板50干涉而导致弹性体30的疲劳破坏。
在设置第一避让槽11时，第一避让槽11和第一环状部31的形状相适配，第一避让槽11呈环形。将第一避让槽11的轴线与弹性体30的轴线大致同轴设置，在键帽10按下时第一环状部31将会向上弯折变形，形成凸面朝向键帽10而凹面朝向底板50的向上凸起部分31a，使呈环形的向上凸起部分31a一部分容置在第一避让槽11，可有效降低未设置第一避让槽11而导致第一环状部31和键帽10的背面10b干涉的情况。第一避让槽11呈环形，具体依据第一环状部31的形状设置为相适配的形状，比如圆形、椭圆形、圆角矩形等等。
在一些实施例中，第一避让槽11的深度小于键帽10的厚度。键帽10的厚度就是键帽10的壁厚。在键帽10的背面10b设置第一避让槽11，以避让在弹性体30压缩时的第一环状部31，而不是使第一避让槽11贯通键帽10设置而影响键帽10外观和用户触感。此外，第一避让槽11的底面和内侧面之间可设置倒角，利于键帽10在注塑成型时的出模。
在设置第二避让槽51时有多种实现方式。第一种第二避让槽的实现方式是：参阅图9中的(a)和(b)，第二避让槽51和第二环状部32的形状相适配，第二避让槽51呈环形，该第二避让槽51是连续的。将第二避让槽51的轴线与弹性体30的轴线大致同轴设置，在键帽10按下时第二环状部32将会向下弯折变形，形成凸面朝向底板50而凹面朝向键帽10的向下凸起部分32a，使呈环形的向下凸起部分32a一部分容置在第二避让槽51，可有效降低未设置第二避让槽51而导致第二环状部32和薄膜电路板40或底板50干涉的情况。第二避让槽51呈环形，具体依据第二环状部32的形状设置为相适配的形状，比如圆形、椭圆形、圆角矩形等等。
示例性的，弹性体30为具有口部341的圆台状，上底部33和下底部34均为圆形，上底部33的直径小于下底部34的直径，下底部34具有口部341。第一环状部31和第二环状部32均为沿圆形延伸的环状结构，第一避让槽11和第二避让槽51设为圆形，满足向上凸起弯折的第一环状部31进入到圆形的第一避让槽11内，向下凸起弯折的第二环状部32进入到圆形的第二避让槽51。
示例性的，弹性体30为具有口部341的椭圆台状，上底部33和下底部34均为椭圆形，上底部33在键帽10的投影位于下底部34在键帽10的投影内，下底部34具有口部341。第一环状部31和第二环状部32均为沿椭圆形延伸的环状结构，第一避让槽11和第二避让槽51设为椭圆形，满足向上凸起弯折的第一环状部31进入到椭圆形的第一避让槽11内，向下凸起弯折的第二环状部32进入到椭圆形的第二避让槽51。
示例性的，弹性体30为具有口部341的四棱台状且棱边设置为倒圆角，上底部 33和下底部34均为圆角矩形，上底部33在键帽10的投影位于下底部34在键帽10的投影内，下底部34具有口部341。第一环状部31和第二环状部32均为沿圆角矩形延伸的环状结构，第一避让槽11和第二避让槽51设为圆角矩形，满足向上凸起弯折的第一环状部31进入到圆角矩形的第一避让槽11内，向下凸起弯折的第二环状部32进入到圆角矩形的第二避让槽51。
第二种第二避让槽的实现方式是：图10中的(a)和(b)为图8的按键结构中的底板不同角度的结构示意图。参阅图8和图10中的(a)和(b)，第二避让槽51包括以触点部41为中心分布的多段弧形槽511，该第二避让槽51是不连续的。将多段弧形槽511的轴线与弹性体30的轴线大致同轴设置，在键帽10按下时第二环状部32将会向下弯折变形，使向下凸起部分32a的多个部分分别容置不同的弧形槽511内，降低未设置第二避让槽51而导致第二环状部32和薄膜电路板40或底板50干涉的情况。采用多段弧形槽511的底板50或薄膜电路板40容易制作和装配。
在一些实施例中，第二避让槽51贯穿底板50设置；或者，第二避让槽51的深度小于底板50的厚度。这两种方式均能满足在键帽10按下时弹性体30的第二环状部32至少部分容置在第二避让槽51内，具体按需设置。
在一些实施例中，为了使弹性体30不同弯折变形部位充分进入到避让槽内，参阅图9中的(a)和(b)，第一避让槽11在键帽10的投影围绕第二避让槽51在键帽10的投影。弹性体30中的下底部34、第一环状部31、第二环状部32和上底部33沿径向向内依次设置，在俯视方向看，将第一避让槽11设置在第二避让槽51以外，利于弹性体30压缩时位于外侧的第一环状部31进入到键帽10的第一避让槽11，而让位于内侧的第一环状部31进入到底板50或薄膜电路板40的第二避让槽51。并且，在键帽10按下时，键帽10的背面10b在第一避让槽11的中间区域形成面积比较大的抵压面，使经过键帽10的压力均匀地传递至弹性体30上底部33的顶面，利于弹性体30稳定地发生压缩变形，提升弹性体30变形的可重复性。
在设置支撑组件时有不同的实现方式。第一种支撑组件的实现方式是剪刀式支撑组件：参阅图6，支撑组件20包括相互枢接的第一剪刀脚21和第二剪刀脚22，第一剪刀脚21的两端分别可活动地连接于底板50和键帽10，第二剪刀脚22的两端分别可活动地连接于底板50和键帽10，弹性体30穿设于第一剪刀脚21的中部和第二剪刀脚22的中部。第一剪刀脚21和第二剪刀脚22呈X型布置。第一剪刀脚21的第一端21a枢接于键帽10，第一剪刀脚21的第二端21b滑动安装于底板50。第二剪刀脚22的第一端22a枢接于键帽10，第二剪刀脚22的第二端22b滑动安装于底板50。第一剪刀脚21的第一端21a和第二端21b、第二剪刀脚22的第一端22a和第二端22b各个轴线相互平行。在键帽10相对底板50上下移动的过程中，第一剪刀脚21的第二端21b和第二剪刀脚22的第二端22b两个滑动方向相同，且均垂直于键帽10的按压方向。第一剪刀脚21和第二剪刀脚22配合，起到对键帽10支撑和平衡的作用。
在设置第一剪刀脚21和第二剪刀脚22时，第一剪刀脚21为内环结构，第二剪刀脚22为外环结构，第一剪刀脚21枢接于第二剪刀脚22的内侧。结合图7中的(b)，键帽10的背面10b设有第一枢接座12，第一剪刀脚21的第一端21a通过第一枢接座12枢接在键帽10上。键帽10的背面10b设有第一滑槽13，第二剪刀脚22的第二端 22b滑动安装于第一滑槽13。底板50上设有第二滑槽53，第一剪刀脚21的第二端21b滑动安装于第二滑槽。底板50上设有第二枢接座52，第二剪刀脚22的第一端22a通过第二枢接座枢接在底板50上。这样便于第一剪刀脚21和第二剪刀脚22装配在底板50和键帽10之间。
第二种支撑组件的实现方式是蝶形支撑组件：支撑组件包括成对布置的弯折杆，弯折杆的第一端枢接于键帽，弯折杆的第二端滑动安装于底板，弹性体位于成对布置的弯折杆之间。单个弯折杆中，弯折杆的第一端和第二端两处轴线相互平行。在键帽相对底板上下移动的过程中，弯折杆的第一端相对于键帽转动，弯折杆的第二端相对底板滑动。成对布置的弯折杆配合，起到对键帽支撑和平衡的作用。
在装配弯折杆时，键帽的背面设置多个枢接座，用以供弯折杆的第一端枢接。底板上设置多个滑槽，用以供不同弯折杆的第二端滑动装配。这样便于弯折杆装配在底板和键帽之间。
在设置薄膜电路板时有不同实现方式。第一种薄膜电路板的实现方式是：薄膜电路板40包括相互叠置的第一膜片和第二膜片，可采用树脂或柔软材料制作，两张膜片设有导电线路。参阅图9中的(a)和(b)，当键帽10按下时，弹性体30压缩变形，弹性体30的上底部33抵设于薄膜电路板40的触点部41时，设于第一膜片和第二膜片相对应的电气触点接触实现电性连接，实现按键结构的闭合。当键帽10松开时，在弹性体30和膜片的作用下，弹性体30和膜片复位，第一膜片和第二膜片相对应的电气触点分离，实现按键结构的断开。
第二种薄膜电路板的实现方式是：薄膜电路板40上设有独立开关作为触点部41，比如触动开关。当键帽10按下时，弹性体30压缩变形，弹性体30的上底部33抵设于独立开关，实现按键结构的闭合。当键帽10松开时，独立开关将会复位，实现按键结构的断开。
在一些实施例中，为了使按键结构具有发光功能，在底板50设置LED等光源，光源和薄膜电路板40电性连接，在底板50上设置透光区域，薄膜电路板40可采用透明材料制作。在工作时，光源产生的光线穿过底板50的透光区域和薄膜电路板40，在键帽10的周围向上发出。或者，在键帽10上设置透光区域，让光源产生的光线穿过键帽10的透光区域向上发出。
本申请实施例提供一种键盘，包括上述的按键结构。本申请实施例提供的键盘，由于采用上述的按键结构，因此同样具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果。在设置多个按键结构时，多组键帽10、支撑组件20和弹性体30可共用同一个底板50和薄膜电路板40，减少部件数量，提升装配效率。
本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，包括上述的按键结构。本申请实施例提供的电子设备，由于采用上述的按键结构，因此同样具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果。具有按键结构的电子设备，可以是笔记本电脑、台式电脑、手机终端、可穿戴产品、平板电脑、智能家庭终端、汽车用电子设备等等。
最后应说明的是：以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种按键结构，其特征在于，包括：键帽、支撑组件和底板；
    所述底板上包括薄膜电路板，所述薄膜电路板具有触点部；
    所述支撑组件的两端分别可活动地连接于所述底板和所述键帽，用于支撑所述键帽相对所述底板移动；
    所述支撑组件包括锥台状的弹性体，所述弹性体位于所述薄膜电路板和所述键帽之间，所述弹性体包括上底部与下底部，所述上底部在所述键帽的投影位于所述下底部在所述键帽的投影内；
    所述键帽面向所述薄膜电路板的一面设置有第一避让槽；
    在所述键帽被按压使得所述弹性体被压缩，被压缩的所述弹性体的所述上底部抵设于所述键帽与所述触点部之间，被压缩的所述弹性体的向上凸起部分容置于所述第一避让槽。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的按键结构，其特征在于，所述底板设有第二避让槽，在所述键帽被按压使得所述弹性体被压缩，被压缩的所述弹性体的向下凸起部分容置于所述第二避让槽。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的按键结构，其特征在于，在所述上底部与下底部之间包括第一环状部，所述第一环状部为所述弹性体被压缩之后向上凸起并接触到所述键帽的部分，所述第一避让槽的位置与所述第一环状部的位置相对应；
    在所述上底部与下底部之间包括第二环状部，所述第二环状部为所述弹性体被压缩之后向下接触到所述底板的部分，所述第二避让槽的位置与所述第二环状部的位置相对应。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的按键结构，其特征在于，所述第二避让槽和所述第二环状部的形状相适配，所述第二避让槽呈环形；
    或，所述第二避让槽包括以所述触点部为中心分布的多段弧形槽。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4任一项所述的按键结构，其特征在于，所述第二避让槽贯穿所述底板设置；或，所述第二避让槽的深度小于所述底板的厚度。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的按键结构，其特征在于，所述第一避让槽在所述键帽的投影围绕所述第二避让槽在所述键帽的投影。
  7. 根据权利要求3或4所述的按键结构，其特征在于，所述第一避让槽和所述第一环状部的形状相适配，所述第一避让槽呈环形。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的按键结构，其特征在于，所述第一避让槽的深度小于所述键帽的厚度。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的按键结构，其特征在于，所述支撑组件还包括相互枢接的第一剪刀脚和第二剪刀脚，所述第一剪刀脚的两端分别可活动地连接于所述底板和所述键帽，所述第二剪刀脚的两端分别可活动地连接于所述底板和所述键帽，所述弹性体穿设于所述第一剪刀脚的中部和所述第二剪刀脚的中部；
    或，所述支撑组件还包括成对布置的弯折杆，所述弯折杆的第一端枢接于所述键帽，所述弯折杆的第二端滑动安装于所述底板，所述弹性体位于成对布置的所述弯折 杆之间。
  10. 一种键盘，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9任一项所述的按键结构。
  11. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9任一项所述的按键结构。
PCT/CN2022/085484 2021-06-25 2022-04-07 一种按键结构、键盘及电子设备 WO2022267618A1 (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US7238908B1 (en) * 2006-07-20 2007-07-03 Key Mouse Electronic Enterprise Co., Ltd. Key structure of keyboard
CN202434380U (zh) * 2012-02-13 2012-09-12 叶焦明 具有防水结构的按键开关
CN103050311A (zh) * 2011-10-11 2013-04-17 旭丽电子(广州)有限公司 按键结构及键盘

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7238908B1 (en) * 2006-07-20 2007-07-03 Key Mouse Electronic Enterprise Co., Ltd. Key structure of keyboard
CN103050311A (zh) * 2011-10-11 2013-04-17 旭丽电子(广州)有限公司 按键结构及键盘
CN202434380U (zh) * 2012-02-13 2012-09-12 叶焦明 具有防水结构的按键开关

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