WO2022267316A1 - 基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法和装置 - Google Patents

基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法和装置 Download PDF

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WO2022267316A1
WO2022267316A1 PCT/CN2021/131658 CN2021131658W WO2022267316A1 WO 2022267316 A1 WO2022267316 A1 WO 2022267316A1 CN 2021131658 W CN2021131658 W CN 2021131658W WO 2022267316 A1 WO2022267316 A1 WO 2022267316A1
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demand
response
electricity
blockchain
participant
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PCT/CN2021/131658
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
颜拥
于卓
欧阳红
吴晓亭
韩嘉佳
王璇
郝庆利
门进宝
张春光
王思宁
姚影
谢可
崔蔚
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北京中电普华信息技术有限公司
国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院
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Publication of WO2022267316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022267316A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
    • G06Q10/06315—Needs-based resource requirements planning or analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6218—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/008—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/62—The condition being non-electrical, e.g. temperature
    • H02J2310/64—The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/20—Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of power supply control, and more specifically, relates to a blockchain-based power demand response processing method and device.
  • Power demand response also known as power demand side response
  • incentive mechanisms such as economic incentives to allow users to use less or more electricity during peak periods of electricity consumption, trough periods, or when system safety and reliability are at risk.
  • power users respond to incentive mechanisms such as price signals, consciously and voluntarily adjust the load of their electrical equipment, and change the normal power consumption pattern to achieve the balance of power generation and consumption in the grid.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a block chain-based power demand response processing method and device to reduce the risk of relevant data being tampered with in the power demand response process and improve the response subsidy amount of power users determined in power demand response. validity and credibility.
  • the present application provides a block chain-based power demand response processing method, which is applied to a block chain system, and the block chain system includes a block chain node of a power supply company and a block of at least one demand participant A chain node, wherein the power supply company is the initiator of the power demand response, and the demand participant is the participant of the power demand response, and the method includes:
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company broadcasts a demand response offer for the electricity demand response to the blockchain system
  • the blockchain node of the demand participant sends a response declaration request to the blockchain system based on the demand response invitation, so that the blockchain node of the power supply company obtains the response declaration request, and the response
  • the declaration request carries demand declaration information for the feedback of the demand response invitation
  • the block chain node of the power supply company judges that the demand declaration information corresponding to the demand participant conforms to the response contract set by the block chain system, the block chain system will report to the area of the demand participant
  • the block chain node returns a demand response instruction, and the demand response instruction is used to instruct the demand participant to adjust the power load based on the demand declaration information;
  • the block chain node of the demand participant responds to the demand response instruction, obtains the electricity metering data of the electricity user corresponding to the demand participant, and stores the electricity metering data of the electricity user in the block chain system;
  • the block chain node of the power supply company determines the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user based on the electricity metering data of the electricity user, and stores the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user in the area Blockchain system.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company after the blockchain node of the power supply company stores the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user in the blockchain system, it further includes:
  • the block chain node of the power supply company generates a response voucher for the electricity user based on the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user and the electricity metering data of the electricity user, and combines the response voucher with the
  • the power demand response data corresponding to the power user is correspondingly stored in the blockchain system, the power demand response data at least includes at least part of the power metering data of the power user, and the power user The response subsidy amount;
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company at least sends the response certificate of the electricity user to the blockchain node of the demand participant corresponding to the electricity user through the blockchain system, so that the electricity user
  • the user can obtain the response certificate of the electricity user from the blockchain node of the demand participant, and query the electricity demand response data of the electricity user from the blockchain based on the response certificate.
  • the blockchain node of the at least one demand participant includes: at least one blockchain node of a load aggregator, and the load aggregator corresponds to at least one power user;
  • the block chain node of the power supply company After the block chain node of the power supply company at least sends the response certificate of the electricity user to the block chain node of the demand participant through the block chain system, it also includes:
  • the block chain node of the load aggregator sends the response certificate of the electricity user to the terminals of the electricity users managed by the load aggregator respectively;
  • the terminal of the electricity user under the management of the load aggregator queries the electricity demand response data corresponding to the electricity user from the blockchain system based on the response certificate of the electricity user.
  • the demand response offer indicates a demand response time period for electricity demand response
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company determines the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user based on the electricity metering data of the electricity user, including:
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company obtains the historical average electricity consumption of the electricity user during the demand response period
  • the block chain node of the power supply company determines the actual response adjusted by the power user in response to the power demand response based on the power metering data of the power user and the historical average power consumption of the power user electricity, and determine the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user based on the actual response electricity.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company broadcasts a demand response offer for the electricity demand response to the blockchain system, including:
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company generates a demand response offer, encrypts the demand response offer with the private key of the power supply company, and broadcasts the encrypted demand response offer to the blockchain system;
  • the blockchain node of the demand participant Before the blockchain node of the demand participant sends a response declaration request to the blockchain system based on the demand response invitation, it further includes:
  • the blockchain node of the demand participant obtains the encrypted demand response offer from the blockchain system, and uses the public key of the power supply company to decrypt the encrypted demand response offer to obtain the demand response offer.
  • the present application also provides a block chain-based power demand response processing method, which is applied to the block chain nodes of the power supply company in the block chain system, and the block chain system also includes at least one demand participant
  • the block chain node, described method comprises:
  • the demand response instruction is returned to the blockchain node of the demand participant through the blockchain system, and the demand response instruction It is used to instruct the demand participant to adjust the electricity load based on the demand declaration information;
  • it also includes:
  • the power demand response data at least includes at least part of the electricity metering data of the electricity user, and the response subsidy amount of the electricity user;
  • the block chain node obtains the response certificate of the electricity user, and queries the power demand response data of the electricity user from the block chain based on the response certificate.
  • the present application also provides a block chain-based power demand response processing device, which is applied to the block chain nodes of the power supply company in the block chain system, and the block chain system also includes at least one demand participant block chain node, the device includes:
  • an offer broadcast unit configured to broadcast a demand response offer for the electricity demand response to the blockchain system
  • a declaration obtaining unit configured to obtain a response declaration request sent by the blockchain node of the demand participant to the blockchain system for the demand response invitation, and the response declaration request carries a demand for the feedback of the demand response invitation declaration information;
  • the response instruction unit is used to return a demand response instruction to the blockchain node of the demand participant through the blockchain system if it is determined that the demand declaration information corresponding to the demand participant conforms to the response contract set by the blockchain system , the demand response instruction is used to instruct the demand participant to adjust the electricity load based on the demand declaration information;
  • a data obtaining unit configured to obtain the electricity consumption metering data of the electricity user corresponding to the demand participant stored in the blockchain system by the blockchain node of the demand participant;
  • An incentive determination unit configured to determine the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user based on the electricity metering data of the electricity user, and store the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user in the blockchain system .
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can issue a demand response invitation for electricity demand response based on the blockchain system, and obtain the response declaration request for the demand response invitation from the demand participation policy through the blockchain system, and determine the When the demand declaration information carried in the response declaration request conforms to the response contract set by the blockchain system, the demand participants are instructed to perform power load adjustments related to power demand response, so that the power supply company and the demand participants can be based on block chains.
  • the chain system realizes the relevant processing of power demand response, which is conducive to improving the reliability and credibility of the power demand response processing process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composition structure of a blockchain system to which the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is applicable;
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a block chain-based power demand response processing method provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is another flowchart interaction schematic diagram of the blockchain-based power demand response processing method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a blockchain-based power demand response processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of a blockchain-based power demand response processing device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the solution of this application is to realize the processing of power demand response based on block chain.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a composition structure of a blockchain system of the present application.
  • the blockchain system includes: the blockchain node 101 of the power supply company.
  • the power supply company (also referred to as an electric energy supplier) may be an enterprise or unit involved in providing electric energy, such as a power grid company.
  • the power supply company is the demand side that provides power demand response services, that is, the initiator that initiates power demand response.
  • the blockchain system may include one or more blockchain nodes of power supply companies, and each power supply company has at least one blockchain node belonging to the blockchain system.
  • the blockchain system may also include a blockchain node 102 of at least one demand participant as a participant in electricity demand response.
  • the demand participant may be an electricity user such as an electricity enterprise or an electricity unit.
  • the demand participant may be a regulatory department, an enterprise or an individual that has a power supply demand, and the like.
  • a demand participant may correspond to at least one electricity consumer.
  • the demand participant is an electricity consumer
  • the electricity consumer corresponding to the demand participant is the electricity consumer.
  • the blockchain node of the at least one demand participant may include: a blockchain node of a load aggregator (also referred to as a load aggregator).
  • a load aggregator also referred to as a load aggregator
  • the load aggregator is a service enterprise born from the development of demand response. It mainly provides users with professional demand response technology and efficient consulting services. It obtains benefits by aggregating demand response resources and acting as an agent to participate in demand response capacity and electric energy bidding. . To put it simply, load aggregators integrate power users with demand response to participate in demand-side response together.
  • the load aggregator can be responsible for managing one or more power users participating in the demand side response, the power users corresponding to the load aggregator can have one or more .
  • the power supply company can issue an invitation for power demand response as the initiator of power demand response, and each power consumer or load aggregator can participate or not participate in the power demand response as needed. Therefore, the power demand response mentioned in this application
  • the demand participants refer to the power users and load aggregators who need to participate in the power demand response for a power demand response.
  • the demand participant can send a blockchain join request to the blockchain system through the demand participant's node device, and the blockchain join request is used to request to join the blockchain system, and
  • the blockchain join request carries the attribute information of the demand participant.
  • the block chain joining request can also carry the historical power consumption of the corresponding user of the requesting party, etc., which will not be displayed.
  • the node device of the requesting party is a device requesting to be a block chain node in the block chain system.
  • the blockchain system After the blockchain system passes the verification of the attribute information of the demand participant based on the set identity verification contract, it confirms that the node device of the demand participant is a blockchain node in the blockchain system.
  • the attribute information of the demand participant may include the name and qualification of the demand participant, and if the demand participant is an enterprise, its attribute information may include basic information such as the enterprise name and enterprise qualification.
  • the verification mode of the attribute information can be set according to needs, and there is no limitation on this.
  • the blockchain system may also include blockchain nodes (not shown in Fig. Let me repeat.
  • FIG. 2 it shows a schematic diagram of a process interaction of a blockchain-based power demand response processing method of the present application.
  • the solution of this embodiment is applied to the blockchain system mentioned above.
  • the blockchain system includes the blockchain node of the power supply company and at least one blockchain node of the demand participant.
  • the power supply company is the initiator of the power demand response
  • the demand participant is the power demand response participants.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company broadcasts a demand response invitation for electricity demand response to the blockchain system.
  • the demand response offer of electric demand response is used to indicate the electric demand response event initiated by the power supply company.
  • the demand response invitation may indicate that there is demand release information related to electric demand response.
  • the demand release information can indicate various types of information involved in the power demand response, so that the power user can determine the specific details of the power demand response based on the demand release information.
  • the demand release information may include the demand response time period involved in the power demand response, the total demanded electricity, and the demand response type.
  • the demand response time period is a time period during which power demand response needs to adjust power consumption. For example, assuming that between 11:00 noon and 2:00 pm it is necessary to adjust the balance of power supply and consumption by means of power demand response, the demand response period is the time period between 11:00 noon and 2:00 pm. Of course, if the demand response time period is not a time period within the default date such as the next day, the demand release information may also include the demand date corresponding to the demand response time period.
  • the total demanded electricity may be the total amount of electricity that needs to be responded by power supply users, that is, the total amount of electricity that needs to be used to encourage electricity users to use less or more based on the power demand response.
  • the demand response type may include: peak-shaving response and valley-filling response, wherein peak-shaving response refers to the type of electric demand response that needs to reduce power consumption, and valley-filling response refers to the type of electric demand response that needs to increase power consumption Types of.
  • the demand release information may also include: an offer deadline, and if the offer deadline is exceeded, the demand response offer becomes invalid.
  • the power supply company can generate a demand response invitation according to the operation status of the power grid, and set the demand response time period and the total demand in the demand response invitation.
  • the demand release information may also include: one or both of expected response power and power price.
  • the expected response quantity reflects the response ability of the electricity user to respond to the power demand response, that is, how much electricity is expected to be borne by the electricity user.
  • the electricity price is the price per unit of electricity.
  • the electricity user reports one or both of the expected response quantity and the electricity price, there is no need to include one or both of the expected response quantity and the electricity price in the demand release information.
  • the demand release information may also include the historical average power consumption of the power supply user in the historical demand response period (also known as the user's baseline average load) .
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can also determine the historical average electricity consumption based on the historical electricity consumption data of the electricity users stored in the blockchain system, or the electricity users can participate in the Party's blockchain nodes report their historical average power consumption. In these cases, the demand release information does not need to include the historical average power consumption of power users.
  • the blockchain node of the demand participant sends a response declaration request to the blockchain system based on the demand response invitation, so that the blockchain node of the power supply company obtains a response declaration request.
  • the response declaration request carries demand declaration information for demand response invitation feedback.
  • the demand declaration information is the relevant information reported by the demand participant about the power demand response that the electricity users involved in the demand participant can undertake.
  • the demand declaration information may include the demand response capability information fed back from the demand response invitation.
  • the demand response capability information may include: expected response power.
  • the expected response power is the power that the power user wishes to undertake to use less or more.
  • the demand response capability information may also include: demand electricity prices, that is, electricity prices expected by electricity users.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company after the blockchain node of the power supply company generates a demand response offer, it can use the private key of the power supply company to encrypt the demand response offer, and broadcast the encrypted request to the blockchain system. After the demand response solicitation.
  • the blockchain node of the demand participant can obtain the encrypted demand response offer from the blockchain system, and use the public key of the power supply company to decrypt the encrypted demand response offer to obtain the demand response offer.
  • the blockchain node of the demand participant can respond to the invitation based on the demand, generate a response declaration request, encrypt the response declaration request with the public key of the power supply company, and send the encrypted response declaration request to the blockchain system .
  • the demand response instruction is used to instruct the demand participants to adjust the electricity load based on the demand declaration information.
  • the response contract is a condition for judging whether the demand declaration information can meet the demand response invitation. If the demand declaration information conforms to the response contract set by the blockchain system, it means that according to the demand declaration information, it is determined that the demand participant has the authority to participate in this demand response invitation.
  • the block chain node of the power supply company obtains the response from the block chain system After declaring the request, use the private key of the power supply company to decrypt the encrypted response declaring request to obtain the responding declaring request, so as to obtain the demand declaring information in the responding declaring request.
  • the blockchain node of the demand participant responds to the demand response instruction, obtains the electricity consumption metering data of the electricity consumption user corresponding to the demand participant, and stores the electricity consumption measurement data of the electricity consumption user in the blockchain system.
  • the electricity user who responds to the demand participant can follow the declaration or finally negotiate with the power supply company According to the final demand declaration information, the electricity consumption is adjusted.
  • the demand participants will collect the electricity consumption measurement data of the electricity users.
  • the demand participants will report the electricity metering data of the electricity users to the blockchain system to reduce the risk of tampering with the electricity metering data.
  • the blockchain node of the demand participant can trigger the execution of the data collection contract in the blockchain system in response to the demand response command, and regularly collect the electricity consumption metering data of the electricity user based on the data collection contract and report it to the blockchain system.
  • the electricity metering data includes at least the electricity consumption load of the electricity consumer (that is, the actual electricity consumption), and may also include: the user number of the electricity consumer, one or more of information such as voltage level, current, voltage, and active power.
  • the electricity consumption load of the electricity consumer that is, the actual electricity consumption
  • the user number of the electricity consumer one or more of information such as voltage level, current, voltage, and active power.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company determines the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user based on the electricity metering data of the electricity user, and stores the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user in the blockchain system.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company After the blockchain node of the power supply company confirms that the demand response end time corresponding to the demand response invitation has been reached, it can trigger the execution of the subsidy calculation contract in the blockchain system, and calculate the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user based on the subsidy settlement contract .
  • the demand response offer sent by the power supply company indicates a demand response time period in which there is an electric demand response.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company obtains the historical average electricity consumption of the electricity user during the demand response period.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can determine the actual response power adjusted by the power user in response to the power demand response based on the power metering data of the power user and the historical average power consumption of the power user, and based on this The actual response power determines the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can obtain the historical average power consumption of the electricity user during the demand response period.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can be based on the blockchain system
  • the historical average power consumption of the electricity user in the demand response period is determined by using the historical electricity metering data of the electricity user stored in the database.
  • the case of determining the historical average electricity consumption of the electricity user by other methods is also applicable to this embodiment.
  • the actual power consumption of the power user in the demand response period can be determined based on the power metering data of the power user, and correspondingly, the actual response power is determined based on the actual power consumption and the historical average power consumption. For example, assuming that electricity demand response needs to reduce the electricity consumption of electricity users, if the actual electricity consumption is lower than the historical average electricity consumption, then the difference between the historical average electricity consumption and the actual electricity consumption can be used as the actual Response power.
  • the product of the actual response electricity and the set subsidy price per kilowatt-hour can be used to obtain the demand response subsidy amount.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company determines the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user, it can upload the response subsidy amount to the blockchain system, and the blockchain system reaches a consensus on the response subsidy amount The response subsidy amount is stored.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can store the demand response subsidy amount of the power user and the actual response power as the response accounting results in the blockchain system.
  • the blockchain nodes after the blockchain nodes reach a consensus on the response accounting result, they store the response accounting result on the chain.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can issue a demand response invitation for electricity demand response based on the blockchain system, and obtain the response declaration request for the demand response invitation from the demand participation policy through the blockchain system, and determine the When the demand declaration information carried in the response declaration request conforms to the response contract set by the blockchain system, the demand participants are instructed to perform power load adjustments related to power demand response, so that the power supply company and the demand participants can be based on block chains.
  • the chain system realizes the relevant processing of power demand response, which is conducive to improving the reliability and credibility of the power demand response processing process.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can also trigger the execution of the block
  • the certificate generation contract in the chain system generates a response certificate for the electricity user.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company generates a response voucher for the electricity user based on the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user and the electricity metering data of the electricity user, and compares the response voucher with the corresponding power demand response data of the electricity user. stored in the blockchain system.
  • the power demand response data at least includes at least part of the data in the electricity metering data of the electricity user (for example, may include user name and account number), and the response subsidy amount of the electricity user.
  • the power demand response data may also include: the actual response amount of the electricity user and whether the actual response amount of the electricity user is valid. For example, if the actual response power is less than the expected response power of the electricity user, and the absolute value of the difference between the actual response power and the expected response power is less than the set value, the actual response power can be considered invalid. In this case, the power supply company The corresponding subsidy amount for electricity users may not be paid.
  • the power demand response data may also include other data related to power demand response.
  • the electricity demand response data may include: the user name and account number of the electricity user, one or more of the information such as the actual response amount, electricity price, demand response type, and whether the actual response amount is valid.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company at least sends the response certificate of the electricity user to the blockchain node of the demand participant corresponding to the electricity user through the blockchain system, so that the electricity user can obtain
  • the blockchain node obtains the response voucher of the electricity user, and queries the electricity demand response data of the electricity user from the blockchain based on the response voucher.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can also send both the response voucher and the power demand response data to the blockchain node of the demand participant, and there is no restriction on this.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company will store relevant data such as the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user
  • generating response vouchers for relevant data for electricity users can enable electricity users to confirm the validity of demand response subsidy amounts and other relevant data based on the response vouchers, and can query relevant data from the blockchain system to Perform data verification.
  • the load aggregator is a demand participant that can cover multiple electricity users, for the sake of easy understanding, it will be described by taking the demand participant including the load aggregator as an example.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow interaction diagram of the blockchain-based power demand response processing method provided by the present application.
  • the solution of this embodiment is applied to the blockchain system mentioned above.
  • the node device of the load aggregator sends a blockchain joining request to the blockchain system.
  • the blockchain join request is used to request to join the blockchain system, and the blockchain join request carries attribute information of the load aggregator.
  • the blockchain system can also configure the node attribute information of the load aggregator. Whether it is a consensus node participating in the consensus in the block chain system, etc.
  • the blockchain system will also grant the blockchain node of the load aggregator the relevant authority to point to demand response instructions.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company generates a demand response offer for electric demand response, encrypts the demand response offer with the private key of the power supply company, and broadcasts the encrypted demand response offer to the blockchain system.
  • the demand response invitation for electric demand response can indicate that there is demand release information for electric demand response.
  • the demand release information can include information such as the demand response period involved in electric demand response, the total demanded electricity, the type of demand response, and the deadline for the invitation. .
  • the blockchain node of the load aggregator obtains the encrypted demand response offer from the blockchain system, decrypts the encrypted demand response offer using the public key of the power supply company, and obtains the decrypted demand response offer.
  • the blockchain node of the load aggregator Based on the decrypted demand response offer, the blockchain node of the load aggregator generates a response declaration request for the demand response invitation, encrypts the response application request with the public key of the power supply company, and sends the encrypted request to the blockchain system. Respond to declaration requests.
  • the response declaration request carries demand declaration information for demand response invitation feedback.
  • the demand declaration information may include the demand response capability information fed back from the demand response invitation.
  • the demand response capability information may include: expected response power and expected electricity price.
  • the demand application information can include the demand declaration information of each electricity user responsible for the load aggregator, and each The demand declaration information of each electricity user can be different.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company obtains the encrypted response declaration request from the blockchain system, and uses the private key of the power supply company to decrypt the encrypted response declaration request, such as publishing information based on the demand in the demand response invitation to determine the decryption
  • the demand declaration information in the response declaration request conforms to the response contract set by the blockchain system, and the demand response instruction is returned to the blockchain node of the load aggregator through the blockchain system.
  • the demand response instruction is used to instruct the demand participants to adjust the electricity load based on the demand declaration information.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can generate a demand response instruction whose destination address is the blockchain node of the load aggregator, and broadcast the demand response instruction to the blockchain system.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company can use the private key of the power supply company to encrypt the demand response command after generating the demand response command for the load aggregator, and send the encrypted demand response command to the blockchain system. Respond to commands.
  • the blockchain node of the load aggregator can use the public key of the power supply company to decrypt the encrypted demand response command to obtain the demand response command.
  • the block chain node of the load aggregator responds to the demand response instruction, obtains the electricity metering data of each electricity user under the management of the load aggregator, and stores the electricity metering data of each electricity user in the block chain system.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company obtains the historical average electricity consumption of the electricity user during the demand response period, based on the electricity metering data of the electricity user and the historical average The amount of electricity consumption is to determine the actual response amount adjusted by the electricity user in response to the power demand response, and determine the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user based on the actual response amount.
  • the block chain node of the power supply company stores the demand response subsidy amount and the actual response power amount of the electricity user in the block chain system.
  • the power demand response data may include at least part of the electricity metering data of the electricity user, the response subsidy amount of the electricity user, and the actual response amount of electricity, etc.
  • each consensus node in the blockchain system After each consensus node in the blockchain system reaches a consensus on the response subsidy amount and the actual response amount sent by the blockchain node of the power supply company, it will store the response subsidy amount and the actual response amount of the electricity user.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company confirms that the relevant information is successfully stored on the chain, thereby triggering the execution of the certificate generation contract to generate a response certificate for the electricity user.
  • the blockchain node of the power supply company sends the response certificate of the electricity user to the blockchain node of the load aggregator through the blockchain system.
  • the blockchain node of the load aggregator sends the response certificate of the electricity user to the terminal of the electricity user managed by the load aggregator.
  • the blockchain node of the load aggregator will also send power to the terminal of the power user Demand response data.
  • the load aggregator only returns the electricity user's response certificate to the electricity user's terminal, and does not feed back information such as the response certificates of other electricity users.
  • the terminal of the electricity user under the management of the load aggregator queries the electricity demand response data corresponding to the electricity user from the blockchain system based on the response certificate of the electricity user.
  • the electricity user can query the actual response quantity and electricity metering data of the electricity user from the blockchain system to detect or verify whether the demand response subsidy amount is consistent with the actual situation.
  • the embodiment in FIG. 3 is illustrated by taking the demand participant as a load aggregator as an example, but it can be understood that, in the case of other demand participants, the demand participant itself is an electricity user. Therefore, the demand After the participant's blockchain node obtains the response certificate, it may not need to send the response certificate to the terminal of the electricity user corresponding to the demand participant. Of course, if the electricity user wants to obtain the response voucher through a terminal other than the blockchain node, the blockchain node of the demand participant can still perform the operation of sending the response voucher to the electricity user's terminal.
  • the present application also provides a block chain-based power demand response processing method applied to the block chain node side of the power supply company.
  • FIG. 4 shows a blockchain-based power demand response processing method of the present application, which is applied to the blockchain nodes of the power supply company in the blockchain system.
  • the blockchain system also includes at least one blockchain node of a demand participant, as described above in detail, and will not be repeated here.
  • the response declaration request carries demand declaration information for the demand response invitation feedback
  • the demand response instruction is used to instruct the demand participant to adjust the electricity load based on the demand declaration information.
  • the present application also provides a blockchain-based power demand response processing device.
  • FIG. 5 shows a block chain-based power demand response processing device of the present application, which is applied to the block chain nodes of the power supply company in the block chain system, and the block chain system also includes at least one requirement
  • the blockchain nodes of the participating parties includes:
  • An offer broadcast unit 501 configured to broadcast a demand response offer for the electricity demand response to the blockchain system
  • the declaration obtaining unit 502 is configured to obtain a response declaration request sent by the blockchain node of the demand participant to the blockchain system in response to the demand response invitation, and the response declaration request carries feedback information for the demand response invitation Required declaration information;
  • the response indication unit 503 is used to return a demand response to the blockchain node of the demand participant through the blockchain system if it is determined that the demand declaration information corresponding to the demand participant conforms to the response contract set by the blockchain system An instruction, the demand response instruction is used to instruct the demand participant to adjust the electricity load based on the demand declaration information;
  • a data obtaining unit 504 configured to obtain the electricity consumption metering data of the electricity user corresponding to the demand participant stored in the blockchain system by the blockchain node of the demand participant;
  • An incentive determination unit 505 configured to determine the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user based on the electricity metering data of the electricity user, and store the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user in the blockchain system.
  • the device also includes:
  • a voucher generation storage unit configured to generate a response voucher for the electricity user based on the demand response subsidy amount of the electricity user and the electricity metering data of the electricity user, and combine the response voucher with the user
  • the power demand response data corresponding to the power user is stored in the blockchain system, and the power demand response data includes at least part of the data of the power consumption metering data of the power user, and the response subsidy amount of the power user;
  • a credential sending unit configured to at least send the response credential of the power user to the blockchain node of the demand participant corresponding to the power user through the blockchain system, so that the power user can receive from The blockchain node of the demand participant obtains the response voucher of the electricity user, and queries the electricity demand response data of the electricity user from the blockchain based on the response voucher.
  • the invitation broadcasting unit 501, declaration obtaining unit 502, response indication unit 503, data obtaining unit 504, incentive determination unit 505, the voucher generation storage unit, and voucher sending unit may respectively have communication
  • the interface can implement one or more processors, controllers or chips of the communication protocol, and if necessary, it can also include memory and related interfaces, system transmission buses, etc.; the processors, controllers or chips execute program-related code implementation corresponding function.
  • the invitation broadcasting unit 501, the declaration obtaining unit 502, the response indicating unit 503, the data obtaining unit 504, the incentive determining unit 505, the voucher generation storage unit, and the voucher sending unit share an integrated chip or Share processors, memory, etc.
  • the shared processor or chip executes program-related codes to implement corresponding functions.
  • each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
  • the same and similar parts in each embodiment refer to each other, that is, Can.
  • the features recorded in the various embodiments in this specification can be replaced or combined with each other, so that those skilled in the art can realize or use the present application.
  • the description is relatively simple, and for related parts, please refer to part of the description of the method embodiments.

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Abstract

一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法和装置，应用于区块链系统，其中，供电公司的区块链节点向区块链系统广播需求响应邀约；需求参与方的区块链节点基于需求响应邀约，向区块链系统发送响应申报请求，响应申报请求携带有需求申报信息；如供电公司的区块链节点判断出需求申报信息符合响应合约，向需求参与方的区块链节点返回需求响应指令；需求参与方的区块链节点获得需求参与方的用电用户的用电计量数据并存储到区块链系统；供电公司的区块链节点确定用电用户的需求响应补贴金额并存储到区块链系统。该方法可以降低电力需求侧响应中相关数据被篡改的风险，提高电力需求侧响应中确定出的电力用户的响应补贴金额的有效性和可信度。

Description

基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法和装置 技术领域
本申请涉及供电控制技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法和装置。
背景技术
电力需求响应(也称为电力需求侧响应)是指在用电高峰时段、低谷时段或系统安全可靠性存在风险时，通过经济激励等激励机制让用户少用电或者多用电。相应的，电力用户针对价格信号等激励机制做出响应，自觉且自愿地调整其用电设备负荷，改变正常电力消费模式来实现电网的发用电平衡。
目前实现电力需求侧响应的方案中，可能会存在用户计量数据等数据被篡改的风险，从而影响到电网公司对于电力用户的响应补贴金额的有效性或者可信度。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法和装置，以降低电力需求响应过程中相关数据被篡改的风险，提高电力需求响应中确定出的电力用户的响应补贴金额的有效性和可信度。
为实现上述目的，本申请提供了如下技术方案：
一方面，本申请提供了一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法，应用于区块链系统，所述区块链系统包括供电公司的区块链节点以及至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点，其中，所述供电公司为电力需求响应的发起方，所述需求参与方为所述电力需求响应的参与方，所述方法包括：
所述供电公司的区块链节点向所述区块链系统广播针对所述电力需求响应的需求响应邀约；
所述需求参与方的区块链节点基于所述需求响应邀约，向所述区块链系统发送响应申报请求，以使得所述供电公司的区块链节点获得所述响应申报请求，所述响应申报请求携带有针对所述需求响应邀约反馈的需求申报信息；
如所述供电公司的区块链节点判断出所述需求参与方对应的需求申报信息符合所述区块链系统设定的响应合约，通过所述区块链系统向所述需求参与方的区块链节点返回需求响应指令，所述需求响应指令用于指示所述需求参与方基于所述需求申报信息调整用电负荷；
所述需求参与方的区块链节点响应于需求响应指令，获得需求参与方对应的用电用户的用电计量数据，并将所述用电用户的用电计量数据存储到所述区块链系统；
所述供电公司的区块链节点基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据，确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，并将所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到所述区块链系统。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在所述供电公司的区块链节点将所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到所述区块链系统之后，还包括：
所述供电公司的区块链节点基于所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额以及所述用电用户的用电计量数据，为所述用电用户生成响应凭证，并将所述响应凭证与所述用电用户对应的电力需求响应数据对应存储到区块链系统中，所述电力需求响应数据至少包括所述用电用户的用电计量数据中的至少部分数据，以及，所述用电用户的响应补贴金额；
所述供电公司的区块链节点至少将所述用电用户的响应凭证通过所述区块链系统发送给所述用电用户对应的需求参与方的区块链节点，以使得所述用电用户能够从所述需求参与方的区块链节点获得所述用电用户的响应凭证，并基于所述响应凭证从区块链查询所述用电用户的电力需求响应数据。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点包括：至少一个负荷聚合商的区块链节点，所述负荷聚合商对应有至少一个用电用户；
在所述供电公司的区块链节点至少将所述用电用户的响应凭证通过所述区块链系统发送给所述需求参与方的区块链节点之后，还包括：
所述负荷聚合商的区块链节点分别向所述负荷聚合商负责管理的各用电用户的终端发送所述用电用户的响应凭证；
所述负荷聚合商管理下的用电用户的终端基于所述用电用户的响应凭证从所述区块链系统查询所述用电用户对应的电力需求响应数据。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，所述需求响应邀约指示有电力需求响应的需求响应时段；
所述供电公司的区块链节点基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据，确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，包括：
所述供电公司的区块链节点获得所述用电用户在所述需求响应时段的历史平均用电量；
所述供电公司的区块链节点基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据以及所述用电用户的所述历史平均用电电量，确定所述用电用户响应电力需求响应所调整的实际响应电量，并基于所述实际响应电量确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，所述供电公司的区块链节点向所述区块链系统广播针对所述电力需求响应的需求响应邀约，包括：
所述供电公司的区块链节点生成需求响应邀约，利用所述供电公司的私钥对所述需求响应邀约加密，并向所述区块链系统广播加密后的需求响应邀约；
在所述需求参与方的区块链节点基于所述需求响应邀约，向所述区块链系统发送响应申报请求之前，还包括：
需求参与方的区块链节点从所述区块链系统获得加密后的需求响应邀约，并利用所述供电公司的公钥对所述加密后的需求响应邀约解密，得到所述需求响应邀约。
又一方面，本申请还提供了一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法，应用于区块链系统中供电公司的区块链节点，所述区块链系统还包括至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点，所述方法包括：
向所述区块链系统广播针对所述电力需求响应的需求响应邀约；
获得需求参与方的区块链节点针对所述需求响应邀约向所述区块链系统发送的响应申报请求，所述响应申报请求携带有针对所述需求响应邀约反馈的需求申报信息；
如判断出所述需求参与方对应的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约，通过区块链系统向所述需求参与方的区块链节点返回需求响应指令，所述需求响应指令用于指示所述需求参与方基于所述需要申报信息调整用电负荷；
获得所述需求参与方的区块链节点向区块链系统中存储的所述需求参与方对应的用电用户的用电计量数据；
基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据，确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，并将所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到所述区块链系统。
在一种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
基于所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额以及所述用电用户的用电计量数据，为所述用电用户生成响应凭证，并将所述响应凭证与所述用电用户对应电力需求响应数据存储到区块链系统中，所述电力需求响应数据至少包括所述用电用户的用电计量数据中的至少部分数据，以及所述用电用户的响应补贴金额；
至少将所述用电用户的响应凭证通过所述区块链系统发送给所述用电用户对应的需求参与方的区块链节点，以使得所述用电用户能够从所述需求参与方的区块链节点获得所述用电用户的响应凭证，并基于所述响应凭证从区块链查询所述用电用户的电力需求响应数据。
又一方面，本申请还提供了一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理装置，应用于区块链系统中供电公司的区块链节点，所述区块链系统还包括至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点，所述装置包括：
邀约广播单元，用于向所述区块链系统广播针对所述电力需求响应的需求响应邀约；
申报获得单元，用于获得需求参与方的区块链节点针对所述需求响应邀约向所述区块链系统发送的响应申报请求，所述响应申报请求携带有针对所述需求响应邀约反馈的需求申报信息；
响应指示单元，用于如判断出所述需求参与方对应的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约，通过区块链系统向所述需求参与方的区块链节点返回需求响应指令，所述需求响应指令用于指示所述需求参与方基于所述需求申报信息调整用电负荷；
数据获得单元，用于获得所述需求参与方的区块链节点向区块链系统中存储的所述需求参与方对应的用电用户的用电计量数据；
激励确定单元，用于基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据，确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，并将所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到所述区块链系统。
通过以上方案可知，供电公司的区块链节点可以基于区块链系统发布电力需求响应的需求响应邀约，通过区块链系统获得需求参与方针对该需求响应邀约的响应申报请求，并在判断出响应申报请求携带的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约的情况下，指示需求参与方执行电力需求响应相关的用电负荷调整，使得供电公司与需求参与方之间可以基于区块链系统实现电力需求响应的相关处理，有利于提高电力需求响应处理过 程的可靠性和可信性。在此基础上，由于电力需求响应过程中所涉及到的用电用户的用电计量数据等数据都会存储到区块链系统，且用电用户的需求响应补贴金额也是在区块链系统上确认，从而减少了电力需求响应过程中各项数据被篡改或者伪造的可能性，提高了电力需求响应过程中各项数据的有效性和可信度，也就提高电力需求响应中确定出的电力用户的响应补贴金额的有效性和可信度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的方案所适用的区块链系统的一种组成架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法的一种流程交互示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法的又一种流程交互示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法的一种流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的基于区块链的电力需求响应处理装置的一种组成结构示意图。
说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的部分，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示的以外的顺序实施。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的方案为基于区块链实现电力需求响应的处理。
为了便于理解，先对本申请涉及到的用于实现电力需求响应的区块链系统进行介绍。
如图1所示，其示出了本申请一种区块链系统的一种组成结构示意图。
由图1可以看出，该区块链系统包括：供电公司的区块链节点101。
其中，供电公司(也称为电能供应商)可以为电网公司等涉及提供电能的企业或者单位等。在本申请中，该供电公司为提供电力需求响应服务的需求方，也就是发起电力需求响应的发起方。
可以理解的是，区块链系统中可以包括一个或者多个供电公司的区块链节点，而每个供电公司具有属于该区块链系统的至少一个区块链节点。
该区块链系统还可以包括作为电力需求响应的参与方的至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点102。
其中，需求参与方可以是用电企业或者用电单位等用电用户，如，需求参与方可以为监管部门、存在供电需求的企业或者是个人等。
需求参与方可以对应至少一个用电用户，如，需求参与方为用电企业时，需求参与方对应的用电用户就是该用电企业。
在一种可选方式中，该至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点可以包括：负荷聚合商(也称为负荷集合商)的区块链节点。
其中，负荷聚合商是由需求响应发展而新生的服务企业，主要是为用户提供专业的需求响应技术和高效的咨询服务，其通过聚合需求响应资源并代理参与需求响应容量、电能量竞价获得收益。简单的来理解，负荷聚合商就是把具备需求响应的电力用户整合起来，一起参与需求侧响应。
相应的，需求参与方为负荷聚合商的情况下，由于负荷聚合商可以负责管理一个或者多个用电用户参与需求侧响应，因此，该负荷聚合商对应的用电用户可以有一个或者多个。
需要说明的是，供电公司可以作为电力需求响应的发起方发布电力需求响应的邀约，而各个用电企业或者负荷聚合商可以根据需要参与或者不参与该电力需求响应，因此，本申请提到的需求参与方是指针对一次电力需求响应需要参与该电力需求响应的用电企业以及负荷聚合商等。
可以理解的是，为了能够参与电力需求响应，需求参与方可以通过需求参与方的节点设备向区块链系统发送区块链加入请求，区块链加入请求用于请求加入区块链系统，且该区块链加入请求携带有该需求参与方的属性信息。当然，该区块链加入请求还可以携带有需求参与方对应用户的历史用电情况等，对此不加显示。其中，该需求参与方的节点设备为请求作为区块链系统中区块链节点的设备。
相应的，区块链系统基于设定的身份校验合约对需求参与方的属性信息校验通过后，确认该需求参与方的节点设备为区块链系统中的区块链节点。
其中，需求参与方的属性信息可以包括需求参与方的名称以及资质等，如需求参与方为企业时，则其属性信息可以包括企业名称以及企业资质等基础信息。其中，对属性信息的校验方式可以根据需要设定，对此不加限制。
可以理解的是，在实际应用中，该区块链系统还可以包括需求参与方以及供电公司之外的第三方监管企业或者部门的区块链节点(图1中未示出)，在此不再赘述。
下面结合流程图对本申请基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法进行介绍。
如图2所示，其示出了本申请一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法的一种流程交互示意图，本实施例的方案应用于如上提到的区块链系统。如前面所述，该区块链系统包括供电公司的区块链节点以及至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点，供电公司为电力需求响应的发起方，需求参与方为所述电力需求响应的参与方。
本实施例的方法包括：
S201，供电公司的区块链节点向区块链系统广播针对电力需求响应的需求响应邀约。
其中，电力需求响应的需求响应邀约用于指示供电公司发起的电力需求响应事件。
该需求响应邀约可以指示有电力需求响应相关的需求发布信息。需求发布信息可以指示出电力需求响应所涉及到的各类信息，以使得用电用户可以基于需求发布信息确定电力需求响应的具体详情。
如，该需求发布信息可以包括电力需求响应所涉及到的需求响应时段、总需求电量以及需求响应类型。
其中，该需求响应时段为电力需求响应需要调整用电的时间段。例如，假设需要在中午11点到下午2点之间需要借助电力需求响应调整供用电平衡，则该需求响应时段为中午11点到下午两点之间的时间段。当然，如果需求响应时段并非第二天等默认日期内的时间段，该需求发布信息还可以包括需求响应时段对应的需求日期。
该总需求电量可以为需要供电用户响应的总电量，也就是说，需要基于电力需求响应激励用电用户少用或者多用的总电量。
该需求响应类型可以包括：削峰响应和填谷响应两种，其中，削峰响应是指需要减少用电量的电力需求响应类型，而填谷响应是指需要增加用电量的电力需求响应类型。
可以理解的是，该需求发布信息还可以包括：邀约截止时间，如果超出该邀约截止时间，则该需求响应邀约失效。
可以理解的是，供电公司可以根据电网运行情况等生成需求响应邀约，并设定需求响应邀约中需求响应时段以及总需求量等等。
特别的，如果针对某个或者某些特定供电用户发起电力需求响应，则该需求发布信息还可以包括：期望响应电量以及电价中的一种或者两种。其中，期望响应电量反映的是用电用户响应电力需求响应的响应能力，即期望用电用户能够承担调整多少电量。电价为每度电的价格。当然，如果用电用户上报期望响应电量和电价中的一种或者两种，则无需在该需求发布信息中包含期望响应电量和电价中的一种或者两种。
类似的，如果针对某个或者某些特定供电用户发起电力需求响应，该需求发布信息还可以包括供电用户在历史上该需求响应时段内的历史平均用电量(也称为用户基线平均负荷)。
当然，供电公司的区块链节点也可以基于区块链系统中已存储的用电用户的历史用电数据等来确定该历史平均用电量，或者是，由用电用户通过对应的需求参与方的区块链节点上报其历史平均电量，在这些情况下，该需求发布信息则无需包括用电用户的历史平均用电量。
S202，需求参与方的区块链节点基于需求响应邀约，向区块链系统发送响应申报请求，以使得供电公司的区块链节点获得响应申报请求。
其中，响应申报请求携带有针对需求响应邀约反馈的需求申报信息。
需求申报信息为需求参与方上报的该需求参与方涉及到的用电用户所能承担的电力需求响应的相关信息。
如，需求申报信息可以包括需求响应邀约反馈的需求响应能力信息。需求响应能力信息可以包括：期望响应电量。该期望响应电量为用电用户希望承担少用或者多用的电量。
特别的，在需求响应邀约不包含电价的情况下，该需求响应能力信息还可以包括：需求电价，即用电用户期望的电价。
在一种可选方式中，为了进一步提高数据安全性，供电公司的区块链节点生成需求响应邀约之后，可以利用供电公司的私钥对该需求响应邀约加密，并向区块链系统广播加密后的需求响应邀约。相应的，该需求参与方的区块链节点可以从区块链系统获得加密后的需求响应邀约，并利用供电公司的公钥对加密后的需求响应邀约解密，得到该需求响应邀约。
相应的，需求参与方的区块链节点可以基于该需求响应邀约，生成响应申报请求，并利用供电公司的公钥对该响应申报请求加密，并向区块链系统发送加密后的响应申报请求。
S203，如供电公司的区块链节点判断出需求参与方对应的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约，通过区块链系统向需求参与方的区块链节点返回需求响应指令。
该需求响应指令用于指示需求参与方基于需求申报信息调整用电负荷。其中，响应合约为用于判断需求申报信息是否能够符合需求响应邀约的条件。如果需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约，则说明根据该需求申报信息确定出该需求参与方具备参与本次需求响应邀约的权限。
在一种可选方式中，在需求参与方的区块链向区块链系统发送的为加密后的响应申报请求的情况下，供电公司的区块链节点在从区块链系统获得该响应申报请求后，利用所述供电公司的私钥对该加密后的响应申报请求解密，得到该响应申报请求，以获得响应申报请求中需求申报信息。
S204，需求参与方的区块链节点响应于需求响应指令，获得需求参与方对应的用电用户的用电计量数据，并将用电用户的用电计量数据存储到区块链系统。
可以理解的是，在向需求参与方的区块链节点反馈该需求响应指令之后，需求参与方获得该需求响应指令之后，需求参与方响应的用电用户便可以按照申报或者最终与供电公司协商后的需求申报信息，调整其用电量，相应的，需求参与方会采集用电用户的用电计量数据。在本申请中需求参与方会将用电用户的用电计量数据上报到区块链系统，以降低用电计量数据被篡改的风险。
如，需求参与方的区块链节点响应于需求响应指令，可以触发执行区块链系统中的数据采集合约，并基于数据采集合约定时采集用电用户的用电计量数据并上报到区块链系统。
其中，用电计量数据至少包括用电用户的用电负荷(即实际用电量)，还可以包括：用电用户的用户号，电压等级、电流、电压和有功功率等信息中的一种或者几种，对此不加限制。
需要说明的是，在需求参与方向区块链系统发起存储用电用户的用电计量数据之后，区块链系统对该用电用户的用电计量数据达成共识之后，会在区块链系统中存储该用电用户的用电计量数据。
S205，供电公司的区块链节点基于用电用户的用电计量数据，确定用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，并将用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到区块链系统。
如，供电公司的区块链节点在确认到达需求响应邀约对应的需求响应结束时间后，可以触发执行区块链系统中的补贴计算合约，并基于补贴结算合约计算用电用户的需求响应补贴金额。
在一种可能的实现方式中，供电公司发送的需求响应邀约指示有电力需求响应的需求响应时段。在该种情况下，供电公司的区块链节点获得该用电用户在该需求响应时段的历史平均用电量。相应的，供电公司的区块 链节点可以基于用电用户的用电计量数据以及该用电用户的历史平均用电电量，确定用电用户响应电力需求响应所调整的实际响应电量，并基于该实际响应电量确定该用电用户的需求响应补贴金额。
其中，供电公司的区块链节点获得该用电用户在该需求响应时段的历史平均用电量的方式可以有多种，如前面所述，供电公司的区块链节点可以基于区块链系统中存储的该用电用户的历史用电计量数据，确定用电用户在该需求响应时段的历史平均用电量。对于通过其他方式确定该用电用户的历史平均用电量的情况也同样适用于本实施例。
其中，基于用电用户的用电计量数据可以确定出该用电用户在该需求响应时段的实际用电量，相应的，基于实际用电量与历史平均用电量来确定实际响应电量。如，假设电力需求响应需要降低用电用户的用电量，那么如果实际用电量低于该历史平均用电量，那么可以利用历史平均用电量与该实际用电量的差值就是实际响应电量。
相应的，实际响应电量与设定的每度电的补贴价格的乘积就可以得到需求响应补贴金额。
可以理解的是，在供电公司的区块链节点确定出用电用户的需求响应补贴金额之后，可以将响应补贴金额上传到区块链系统，区块链系统在对该响应补贴金额达成共识之后会存储该响应补贴金额。
在一种可选方式中，供电公司的区块链节点可以将包括该用电用户的需求响应补贴金额以及实际响应电量等作为响应核算结果存储到区块链系统中。相应的，区块链节点在对响应核算结果达成共识之后，上链存储该响应核算结果。
通过以上方案可知，供电公司的区块链节点可以基于区块链系统发布电力需求响应的需求响应邀约，通过区块链系统获得需求参与方针对该需求响应邀约的响应申报请求，并在判断出响应申报请求携带的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约的情况下，指示需求参与方执行电力需求响应相关的用电负荷调整，使得供电公司与需求参与方之间可以基于区块链系统实现电力需求响应的相关处理，有利于提高电力需求响应处理过程的可靠性和可信性。在此基础上，由于电力需求响应过程中所涉及到的用电用户的用电计量数据等数据都会存储到区块链系统，且用电用户的需求响应补贴金额也是在区块链系统上确认，从而提高了确认响应补贴金额的可靠性，同时，也可以减少电力需求响应过程中各项数据被篡改或者伪造的可能性，进一步提高了电力需求响应过程中各项数据的有效性和可信度。
另外，本申请的方案除了供电公司和需求参与方的区块链节点之外，无需单独设置数据采集与或者分析的硬件设备，也大大简化了电力需求响应处理的复杂度。
可以理解的是，为了使得用电用户能够获知响应补贴金额的有效性，在区块链系统对用电用户的响应补贴金额上链存储之后，供电公司的区块链节点还可以触发执行区块链系统中的凭证生成合约，以为该用电用户生成响应凭证。
具体的，供电公司的区块链节点基于用电用户的需求响应补贴金额以及用电用户的用电计量数据，为用电用户生成响应凭证，并将响应凭证与用电用户对应电力需求响应数据存储到区块链系统中。其中，电力需求响 应数据至少包括用电用户的用电计量数据中的至少部分数据(如可以包括用户名和户号)，以及，用电用户的响应补贴金额。
又如，该电力需求响应数据还可以包括：用电用户的实际响应电量以及用电用户的实际响应电量是否有效。如，如果实际响应电量小于用电用户的期望响应电量，且实际响应电量与期望响应电量的差值的绝对值小于设定值，则可以认为实际响应电量无效，在该种情况下，供电公司可以不支付用电用户的响应补贴金额。当然，电力需求响应数据还可以包括电力需求响应相关的其他数据。
例如，电力需求响应数据可以包括：用电用户的用户名和户号，实际响应电量、电价、需求响应类型以及实际响应电量是否有效等信息中的一种或者几种。
相应的，供电公司的区块链节点至少将用电用户的响应凭证通过区块链系统发送给用电用户对应的需求参与方的区块链节点，以使得用电用户能够从需求参与方的区块链节点获得用电用户的响应凭证，并基于响应凭证从区块链查询用电用户的电力需求响应数据。
当然，供电公司的区块链节点也可以将响应凭证以及电力需求响应数据均发送给需求参与方的区块链节点，对此不加限制。
可以理解的是，由于区块链系统对供电公司计算出的需求响应补贴金额等数据会经过共识后存储，因此，在供电公司的区块链节点将用电用户的需求响应补贴金额等相关数据上传到区块链之后，为用电用户生成相关数据的响应凭证，可以使得用电用户能够基于响应凭证确认需求响应补贴金额等相关数据的有效性，并能够从区块链系统查询相关数据以进行数据核验。
可以理解的是，考虑到负荷聚合商是可以覆盖多个用电用户的需求参与方，为了便于理解，以需求参与方包括负荷聚合商为例说明。
如图3所示，其示出了本申请提供的基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法的一种流程交互示意图，本实施例的方案应用于如上提到的区块链系统。
本实施例的方法可以包括：
S301，负荷聚合商的节点设备向区块链系统发送区块链加入请求。
其中，该区块链加入请求用于请求加入区块链系统，且该区块链加入请求携带有该负荷聚合商的属性信息。
S302，区块链系统基于设定的身份校验合约对负荷聚合商的属性信息校验通过后，将负荷聚合商的节点设备设置为区块链系统中的区块链节点。
可选的，区块链系统将负荷聚合商的节点设备设置为区块链节点之后，区块链系统还可以配置该负荷聚合商的节点属性信息，节点属性信息可以表征区块链节点在区块链系统中是否为参与共识的共识节点等。
另外，区块链系统还会授予该负荷聚合商的区块链节点指向需求响应指令等相关权限。
S303，供电公司的区块链节点生成针对电力需求响应的需求响应邀约，并利用供电公司的私钥对需求响应邀约加密后，向区块链系统广播加密后的需求响应邀约。
其中，电力需求响应的需求响应邀约可以指示有电力需求响应的需求发布信息，如需求发布信息可以包括电力需求响应所涉及到的需求响应时段、总需求电量、需求响应类型以及邀约截止时间等信息。
S304，负荷聚合商的区块链节点从区块链系统获得加密后的需求响应邀约，利用供电公司的公钥对加密后的需求响应邀约进行解密，得到解密出的需求响应邀约。
S305，负荷聚合商的区块链节点基于解密出的需求响应邀约，生成针对需求响应邀约的响应申报请求，利用供电公司的公钥对响应申请请求加密，并向区块链系统发送加密后的响应申报请求。
其中，该响应申报请求携带有针对需求响应邀约反馈的需求申报信息。
如，需求申报信息可以包括需求响应邀约反馈的需求响应能力信息。例如，需求响应能力信息可以包括：期望响应电量和期望电价。
可以理解的是，由于负荷聚合商可以负责一个或者多个用电用户的电力需求侧响应的参与，因此，该需求申请信息可以包括负荷聚合商负责的各个用电用户的需求申报信息，而每个用电用户的需求申报信息可以不同。
S306，供电公司的区块链节点从区块链系统获得加密后的响应申报请求，利用供电公司的私钥对加密后的响应申报请求解密，如基于需求响应邀约中的需求发布信息，确定解密出的响应申报请求中的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约，通过区块链系统向负荷聚合商的区块链节点返回需求响应指令。
该需求响应指令用于指示需求参与方基于需求申报信息调整用电负荷。
如，供电公司的区块链节点可以生成目的地址为负荷聚合商的区块链节点的需求响应指令，并向区块链系统中广播该需求响应指令。
可选的，供电公司的区块链节点可以利用在为负荷聚合商生成需求响应指令之后，还可以利用供电公司的私钥对该需求响应指令加密，并向区块链系统发送加密后的需求响应指令。相应的，负荷聚合商的区块链节点在获得加密后的需求响应指令后，可以利用该供电公司的公钥对加密后的需求响应指令解密，得到需求响应指令。
S307，负荷聚合商的区块链节点响应于该需求响应指令，获得负荷聚合商管理下的各用电用户的用电计量数据，并将各用电用户的用电计量数据存储到区块链系统。
S308，针对负荷聚合商管理的每个用电用户，供电公司的区块链节点获得该用电用户在需求响应时段的历史平均用电量，基于该用电用户的用电计量数据以及历史平均用电电量，确定该用电用户响应电力需求响应所调整的实际响应电量，并基于该实际响应电量确定用电用户的需求响应补贴金额。
S309，供电公司的区块链节点向区块链系统中存储用电用户的需求响应补贴金额和实际响应电量。
S310，供电公司的区块链节点在确认用电用户的响应补贴金额和实际响应电量成功上链存储之后，基于该用电用户的需求响应补贴金额以及用电用户的用电计量数据，为该用电用户生成响应凭证，并将该响应凭证与该用电用户对应电力需求响应数据存储到区块链系统中。
该电力需求响应数据可以包括所述用电用户的用电计量数据中的至少部分数据，用电用户的响应补贴金额以及实际响应电量等，具体参见前面的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
如，区块链系统中各个共识节点对供电公司的区块链节点发送的响应补贴金额和实际响应电量达成共识后，则会存储该用电用户的响应补贴金额和实际响应电量，相应的，供电公司的区块链节点确认相关信息成功上链存储，从而触发凭证生成合约的执行，以为该用电用户生成响应凭证。
S311，供电公司的区块链节点将用电用户的响应凭证通过区块链系统发送给负荷聚合商的区块链节点。
S312，负荷聚合商的区块链节点向该负荷聚合商负责管理的用电用户的终端发送该用电用户的响应凭证。
可以理解的是，如果供电公司向负荷聚合商发送用电用户对应的响应凭证的同时，还发送了电力需求响应数据，则负荷聚合商的区块链节点也会向用电用户的终端发送电力需求响应数据。
需要说明的是，针对每个用电用户，负荷聚合商仅向该用电用户的终端返回该用电用户的响应凭证，而不会反馈其他用电用户的响应凭证等信息。
S313，负荷聚合商管理下的用电用户的终端基于所述用电用户的响应凭证从区块链系统查询该用电用户对应的电力需求响应数据。
如，用电用户可以基于响应凭证，从区块链系统查询该用电用户的实际响应电量和用电计量数据，以检测或者检验需求响应补贴金额是否与实际一致等。
需要说明的是，图3的实施例是以需求参与方为负荷聚合商为例说明，但是可以理解的是，对于需求参与方为其他情况下，需求参与方本身就是用电用户，因此，需求参与方的区块链节点获得该响应凭证之后，也可以无需再向需求参与方对应的用电用户的终端发送该响应凭证。当然，如果用电用户希望通过区块链节点之外的终端获得该响应凭证，而需求参与方的区块链节点仍可以执行向用电用户的终端发送该响应凭证的操作。
可以理解的是，以上是从供电公司的区块链节点以及需求参与方的区块链节点之间的交互过程为例说明。
又一方面，本申请还提供了应用于供电公司的区块链节点侧的一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法。
如图4所示，其示出了本申请一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法，该方法应用于区块链系统中供电公司的区块链节点。当然，该区块链系统还包括至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点，具体如前面所述，在此不再赘述。
本实施例的方法可以包括：
S401，向该区块链系统广播针对该电力需求响应的需求响应邀约。
S402，获得需求参与方的区块链节点针对该需求响应邀约向该区块链系统发送的响应申报请求。
其中，该响应申报请求携带有针对该需求响应邀约反馈的需求申报信息；
S403，如判断出该需求参与方对应的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约，通过区块链系统向该需求参与方的区块链节点返回需求响应指令。
其中，该需求响应指令用于指示该需求参与方基于该需求申报信息调整用电负荷。
S404，获得该需求参与方的区块链节点向区块链系统中存储的该需求参与方对应的用电用户的用电计量数据。
S405，基于该用电用户的用电计量数据，确定该用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，并将该用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到该区块链系统。
可以理解的是，图4实施例是从区块链系统中供电公司的区块链节点侧进行介绍，而关于供电公司的区块链节点的具体执行的操作在前面实施例的已经进行了介绍，在此不再赘述，具体可以参见前面实施例的相关介绍。
对应本申请的一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法，本申请还提供了一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理装置。
如图5所示，其示出了本申请一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理装置，应用于区块链系统中供电公司的区块链节点，该区块链系统还包括至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点，该装置包括：
邀约广播单元501，用于向所述区块链系统广播针对所述电力需求响应的需求响应邀约；
申报获得单元502，用于获得需求参与方的区块链节点针对所述需求响应邀约向所述区块链系统发送的响应申报请求，所述响应申报请求携带有针对所述需求响应邀约反馈的需求申报信息；
响应指示单元503，用于如判断出所述需求参与方对应的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约，通过区块链系统向所述需求参与方的区块链节点返回需求响应指令，所述需求响应指令用于指示所述需求参与方基于需求申报信息调整用电负荷；
数据获得单元504，用于获得所述需求参与方的区块链节点向区块链系统中存储的所述需求参与方对应的用电用户的用电计量数据；
激励确定单元505，用于基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据，确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，并将所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到所述区块链系统。
可选的，该装置还包括：
凭证生成存储单元，用于基于所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额以及所述用电用户的用电计量数据，为所述用电用户生成响应凭证，并将所述响应凭证与所述用电用户对应电力需求响应数据存储到区块链系统中，所述电力需求响应数据至少包括所述用电用户的用电计量数据中的至少部分数据，以及所述用电用户的响应补贴金额；
凭证发送单元，用于至少将所述用电用户的响应凭证通过所述区块链系统发送给所述用电用户对应的需求参与方的区块链节点，以使得所述用电用户能够从所述需求参与方的区块链节点获得所述用电用户的响应凭证，并基于所述响应凭证从区块链查询所述用电用户的电力需求响应数据。
在本申请的实施例中，所述邀约广播单元501、申报获得单元502、响应指示单元503、数据获得单元504、激励确定单元505、所述凭证生成存储单元、凭证发送单元分别可以是具有通信接口能够实现通信协议的一个或多个处理器、控制器或者芯片，如有需要还可以包括存储器及相关的接口、系统传输总线等；所述处理器、 控制器或者芯片执行程序相关的代码实现相应的功能。或者，可替换的方案为，所述邀约广播单元501、申报获得单元502、响应指示单元503、数据获得单元504、激励确定单元505、所述凭证生成存储单元、凭证发送单元共享一个集成芯片或者共享处理器、存储器等设备。所述共享的处理器或者芯片执行程序相关的代码实现相应的功能。
需要说明的是，本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可。同时，本说明书中各实施例中记载的特征可以相互替换或者组合，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对于装置类实施例而言，由于其与方法实施例基本相似，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法，其特征在于，应用于区块链系统，所述区块链系统包括供电公司的区块链节点以及至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点，其中，所述供电公司为电力需求响应的发起方，所述需求参与方为所述电力需求响应的参与方，所述方法包括：
    所述供电公司的区块链节点向所述区块链系统广播针对所述电力需求响应的需求响应邀约；
    所述需求参与方的区块链节点基于所述需求响应邀约，向所述区块链系统发送响应申报请求，以使得所述供电公司的区块链节点获得所述响应申报请求，所述响应申报请求携带有针对所述需求响应邀约反馈的需求申报信息；
    如所述供电公司的区块链节点判断出所述需求参与方对应的需求申报信息符合所述区块链系统设定的响应合约，通过所述区块链系统向所述需求参与方的区块链节点返回需求响应指令，所述需求响应指令用于指示所述需求参与方基于所述需求申报信息调整用电负荷；
    所述需求参与方的区块链节点响应于需求响应指令，获得需求参与方对应的用电用户的用电计量数据，并将所述用电用户的用电计量数据存储到所述区块链系统；
    所述供电公司的区块链节点基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据，确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，并将所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到所述区块链系统。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述供电公司的区块链节点将所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到所述区块链系统之后，还包括：
    所述供电公司的区块链节点基于所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额以及所述用电用户的用电计量数据，为所述用电用户生成响应凭证，并将所述响应凭证与所述用电用户对应的电力需求响应数据对应存储到区块链系统中，所述电力需求响应数据至少包括所述用电用户的用电计量数据中的至少部分数据，以及，所述用电用户的响应补贴金额；
    所述供电公司的区块链节点至少将所述用电用户的响应凭证通过所述区块链系统发送给所述用电用户对应的需求参与方的区块链节点，以使得所述用电用户能够从所述需求参与方的区块链节点获得所述用电用户的响应凭证，并基于所述响应凭证从区块链查询所述用电用户的电力需求响应数据。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点包括：至少一个负荷聚合商的区块链节点，所述负荷聚合商对应有至少一个用电用户；
    在所述供电公司的区块链节点至少将所述用电用户的响应凭证通过所述区块链系统发送给所述需求参与方的区块链节点之后，还包括：
    所述负荷聚合商的区块链节点分别向所述负荷聚合商负责管理的各用电用户的终端发送所述用电用户的响应凭证；
    所述负荷聚合商管理下的用电用户的终端基于所述用电用户的响应凭证从所述区块链系统查询所述用电用户对应的电力需求响应数据。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述需求响应邀约指示有电力需求响应的需求响应时段；
    所述供电公司的区块链节点基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据，确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，包括：
    所述供电公司的区块链节点获得所述用电用户在所述需求响应时段的历史平均用电量；
    所述供电公司的区块链节点基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据以及所述用电用户的所述历史平均用电电量，确定所述用电用户响应电力需求响应所调整的实际响应电量，并基于所述实际响应电量确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述供电公司的区块链节点向所述区块链系统广播针对所述电力需求响应的需求响应邀约，包括：
    所述供电公司的区块链节点生成需求响应邀约，利用所述供电公司的私钥对所述需求响应邀约加密，并向所述区块链系统广播加密后的需求响应邀约；
    在所述需求参与方的区块链节点基于所述需求响应邀约，向所述区块链系统发送响应申报请求之前，还包括：
    需求参与方的区块链节点从所述区块链系统获得加密后的需求响应邀约，并利用所述供电公司的公钥对所述加密后的需求响应邀约解密，得到所述需求响应邀约。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述需求参与方的区块链节点基于所述需求响应邀约，向所述区块链系统发送响应申报请求，包括：
    所述需求参与方的区块链节点基于所述需求响应邀约，生成响应申报请求，并利用所述供电公司的公钥对所述响应申报请求加密，并向所述区块链系统发送加密后的响应申报请求；
    在所述供电公司的区块链节点判断出所述需求参与方对应的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约之前，还包括：
    所述供电公司的区块链节点在从区块链系统获得所述响应申报请求后，利用所述供电公司的私钥对所述加密后的响应申报请求解密，得到所述响应申报请求。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述供电公司的区块链节点向所述区块链系统广播针对所述电力需求响应的需求响应邀约之前，还包括：
    需求参与方的区块链节点向所述区块链系统发送区块链加入请求，所述区块链加入请求用于请求加入所述区块链系统，且所述区块链加入请求携带有所述需求参与方的属性信息；
    所述区块链系统基于设定的身份校验合约对所述需求参与方的属性信息校验通过后，确认所述需求参与方的区块链节点为所述区块链系统中的区块链节点。
  8. 一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理方法，其特征在于，应用于区块链系统中供电公司的区块链节点，所述区块链系统还包括至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点，所述方法包括：
    向所述区块链系统广播针对所述电力需求响应的需求响应邀约；
    获得需求参与方的区块链节点针对所述需求响应邀约向所述区块链系统发送的响应申报请求，所述响应申报请求携带有针对所述需求响应邀约反馈的需求申报信息；
    如判断出所述需求参与方对应的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约，通过区块链系统向所述需求参与方的区块链节点返回需求响应指令，所述需求响应指令用于指示所述需求参与方基于所述需要申报信息调整用电负荷；
    获得所述需求参与方的区块链节点向区块链系统中存储的所述需求参与方对应的用电用户的用电计量数据；
    基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据，确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，并将所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到所述区块链系统。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    基于所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额以及所述用电用户的用电计量数据，为所述用电用户生成响应凭证，并将所述响应凭证与所述用电用户对应电力需求响应数据存储到区块链系统中，所述电力需求响应数据至少包括所述用电用户的用电计量数据中的至少部分数据，以及所述用电用户的响应补贴金额；
    至少将所述用电用户的响应凭证通过所述区块链系统发送给所述用电用户对应的需求参与方的区块链节点，以使得所述用电用户能够从所述需求参与方的区块链节点获得所述用电用户的响应凭证，并基于所述响应凭证从区块链查询所述用电用户的电力需求响应数据。
  10. 一种基于区块链的电力需求响应处理装置，其特征在于，应用于区块链系统中供电公司的区块链节点，所述区块链系统还包括至少一个需求参与方的区块链节点，所述装置包括：
    邀约广播单元，用于向所述区块链系统广播针对所述电力需求响应的需求响应邀约；
    申报获得单元，用于获得需求参与方的区块链节点针对所述需求响应邀约向所述区块链系统发送的响应申报请求，所述响应申报请求携带有针对所述需求响应邀约反馈的需求申报信息；
    响应指示单元，用于如判断出所述需求参与方对应的需求申报信息符合区块链系统设定的响应合约，通过区块链系统向所述需求参与方的区块链节点返回需求响应指令，所述需求响应指令用于指示所述需求参与方基于所述需求申报信息调整用电负荷；
    数据获得单元，用于获得所述需求参与方的区块链节点向区块链系统中存储的所述需求参与方对应的用电用户的用电计量数据；
    激励确定单元，用于基于所述用电用户的用电计量数据，确定所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额，并将所述用电用户的需求响应补贴金额存储到所述区块链系统。
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