WO2022262574A1 - 切片信息的确定方法、装置、存储介质及电子装置 - Google Patents

切片信息的确定方法、装置、存储介质及电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022262574A1
WO2022262574A1 PCT/CN2022/096437 CN2022096437W WO2022262574A1 WO 2022262574 A1 WO2022262574 A1 WO 2022262574A1 CN 2022096437 W CN2022096437 W CN 2022096437W WO 2022262574 A1 WO2022262574 A1 WO 2022262574A1
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target
slice
message
template
slice information
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PCT/CN2022/096437
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘尧
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to EP22824054.5A priority Critical patent/EP4358483A1/en
Priority to US18/275,640 priority patent/US20240129233A1/en
Publication of WO2022262574A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022262574A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
    • H04L41/084—Configuration by using pre-existing information, e.g. using templates or copying from other elements
    • H04L41/0843—Configuration by using pre-existing information, e.g. using templates or copying from other elements based on generic templates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5041—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the time relationship between creation and deployment of a service
    • H04L41/5048—Automatic or semi-automatic definitions, e.g. definition templates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/34—Source routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H04L45/745—Address table lookup; Address filtering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0895—Configuration of virtualised networks or elements, e.g. virtualised network function or OpenFlow elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
    • H04L41/122—Discovery or management of network topologies of virtualised topologies, e.g. software-defined networks [SDN] or network function virtualisation [NFV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
    • H04L41/142—Network analysis or design using statistical or mathematical methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/40—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entities

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the communication field, and in particular, to a method, device, storage medium and electronic device for determining slice information.
  • SR is a source address-based routing method, through the header of the existing Multi-Protocol Label Switching (Multi-Protocol Label Switching, MPLS) network or Internet Protocol Version 6 (Internet Protocol Version 6, IPv6) message
  • MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching
  • IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 6, IPv6
  • the header carries the Segment Routing Header (SRH), and the SRH carries a series of instruction operations (also called segment operations) for data routing and transmission in the network.
  • IPFIX IP Flow Information Export
  • Cisco Netflow Version 9 data output format which enables IP flow information to be transmitted from an exporter (Exporter) to a collector (Collector).
  • IPFIX unifies traffic monitoring standards and simplifies the flow output architecture by using a single, consistent model. IPFIX can be used for traffic accounting, traffic engineering, attack monitoring, network service quality monitoring, etc.
  • Network Slicing The breakthrough concept of network slicing (Network Slicing) is proposed in the 5G network architecture.
  • Network slicing Through network slicing, operators can build multiple dedicated, virtualized, and isolated logical networks on a common physical platform to meet different requirements of different customers for network capabilities.
  • Network slicing is to form a logically independent virtual network structure through the combination of network functions.
  • Different network slices correspond to different resource guarantees and service levels. In particular, the charging standards and operation and maintenance costs of different slices may vary enormously.
  • Network slice identification can be referred to as slice identification or slice ID for short, and is used to identify network slices.
  • slice identification can have different meanings and forms. As long as an identification can be used in a specific range A slice or resource that uniquely distinguishes a slice or resource within a physical port/link, within the same IGP domain, or within the entire network can be regarded as a slice identifier.
  • the slice virtual topology is divided according to the IGP multi-topology (Multi-topology), and the slice identifier can be a multi-topology ID; if the slice is performed according to the IGP multi-process If the slice is divided, the slice ID can be the IGP process number; if the slice is divided according to the flex-algorithm (flexible algorithm, referred to as FA) defined in draft-ietf-lsr-flex-algo, then the slice ID can be the FA ID; According to a global identifier AII (Administrative Instance Identifier) in draft-peng-lsr-network-slicing to globally identify the slice, AII is used as the slice identifier.
  • AII administering Instance Identifier
  • the existing way of carrying slice information may have the following problems: 1) There will be some legacy devices in the network. Even if the corresponding field is set, it does not represent the meaning of the slice identifier. If you need to accurately obtain the slice identifier corresponding to the message, The packet analyzer needs to obtain the capabilities of each device in detail; 2) Different forwarding plane technologies have different ways of carrying the slice identifier in the packet. Once the carrying position changes or a new forwarding technology is introduced, it is necessary to analyze the network The logic of the controller is updated.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, device, storage medium, and electronic device for determining slice information, so as to at least solve the problem in the related art that slice information cannot be effectively carried in reported traffic information.
  • a method for determining slice information including: receiving an initial message; determining a target template matching the initial message from pre-configured templates, wherein the target The template includes the target format of the target slice information of the target slice associated with the initial message; a target message is generated based on the initial message and the target template, wherein the target message contains information related to the target The target slice information in the same format; sending the target message to the receiving end to instruct the receiving end to perform the following operations: parse the target message based on the target template to determine the target slice information.
  • a method for determining slice information including: acquiring a target message from the sender, wherein the target message is based on the initial message and the initial message Generated by a matched target template, the target template includes the target format of the target slice information of the target slice associated with the initial message, and the target message contains the target format consistent with the target Slicing information: determining the target template based on the target message; parsing the target message based on the target template to determine the target slice information.
  • an apparatus for determining slice information including: a receiving module configured to receive an initial message; a first determining module configured to determine from a pre-configured template the The target template matched by the initial message, wherein the target template includes the target format of the target slice information of the target slice associated with the initial message; the generation module is configured to be based on the initial message and the target template generating a target message, wherein the target message contains the target slice information consistent with the target format; the first sending module is configured to send the target message to the receiving end to indicate the The receiving end performs the following operation: parse the target packet based on the target template to determine the target slice information.
  • an apparatus for determining slice information including: a first acquisition module configured to acquire a target message from the sender, wherein the target message is based on the initial message And generated by the target template matching the initial message, the target template includes the target format of the target slice information of the target slice associated with the initial message, and the target message contains the The target slice information with the same target format; the second determination module is configured to determine the target template based on the target message; the third determination module is configured to parse the target message based on the target template , to determine the target slice information.
  • a computer-readable storage medium where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer program is configured to perform any of the above-mentioned items when running. Steps in the method examples.
  • an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the above-mentioned processor executes any of the above-mentioned tasks through the computer program. Steps in a method embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal hardware structure of a method for determining slice information according to an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a first flowchart of a method for determining slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a second flowchart of a method for determining slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for collecting slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is an example diagram 1 of a data template carrying slice information reported by a sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 is an example diagram 1 of the actual data content reported by the sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 is an example diagram 2 of a data template carrying slice information reported by a sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 8 is an example diagram 2 of the actual data content reported by the sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is an example diagram of a data template carrying hierarchical slice information reported by a sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 10 is an example diagram of actual data content carrying hierarchical slice information reported by the sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 11 is a structural block diagram 1 of an apparatus for determining slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 12 is a second structural block diagram of an apparatus for determining slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • network slice identifiers mainly have the following carrying modes.
  • Mode 1 explicitly carried in the message.
  • the first one is to use the existing fields in the message to modify it appropriately to carry the slice identifier; for example, in an IPv6 network, use draft-filsfils-spring-srv6- In the stateless-slice-id method, a bit is reserved in the Traffic Class field of the IPv6 packet header. When it is set, it means that the Flow Label field of the packet header carries the slice identifier, and some bits are divided in the Flow Label field.
  • the bit carries the specific slice identification value; in the MPLS network, the method in draft-decraene-mpls-slid-encoded-entropy-label-id can be used to carry the slice information by using some bits of the MPLS entropy label.
  • the second is to newly define a special field to carry the slice identifier; for example, in draft-dong-6man-enhanced-vpn-vtn-id, a new IPv6 hop-by-hop option header (hop-by-hop option header, HBH header for short) is defined
  • the option (option) is specially used to carry the slice identifier.
  • the packet does not carry the slice identifier, and the local entries of each forwarding device in the network have a mapping relationship between traffic and slices.
  • it may be a mapping relationship between a segment routing SID/MPLS label/IP address and the like and a slice.
  • Mode 3 is a combination of Mode 1 and Mode 2.
  • the message carries the slice identifier, and the forwarding device also locally saves the correspondence between the message and the slice.
  • This approach can be applied to hierarchical slice architectures. For example, the network is first divided into several large top-level slices with the global slice ID (for example, a province corresponds to a slice), and then within each slice, sub-slices are divided based on FA. The node first corresponds to a specific top-level slice according to the slice ID carried in the message, and then according to the relationship between the locally saved message and the sub-slice, under the top-level slice, it continues to search for the forwarding entry of the corresponding sub-slice, and forwards the message .
  • the global slice ID for example, a province corresponds to a slice
  • sub-slices are divided based on FA.
  • the node first corresponds to a specific top-level slice according to the slice ID carried in the message, and then according to the relationship between the locally
  • slice identifiers carried in packets, and slice identifiers also exist locally on the forwarding device.
  • the device first extracts the slice identifier according to the packet, and the local table entry contains the forwarding entry related to the slice identifier. Correspond the extracted slice identifier with the identifier in the local entry (they are consistent or have a mapping relationship), and then obtain the forwarding action.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal hardware structure of a method for determining slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the mobile terminal may include one or more (only one is shown in Figure 1) processors 102 (processors 102 may include but not limited to processing devices such as microprocessor MCU or programmable logic device FPGA, etc.) and a memory 104 configured to store data, in an exemplary embodiment, the above-mentioned mobile terminal may further include a transmission device 106 and an input/output device 108 configured to communicate.
  • processors 102 may include but not limited to processing devices such as microprocessor MCU or programmable logic device FPGA, etc.
  • memory 104 configured to store data
  • the above-mentioned mobile terminal may further include a transmission device 106 and an input/output device 108 configured to communicate.
  • FIG. 1 is only for illustration, and it does not limit the structure of the above mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal may also include more or fewer components than those shown in FIG. 1 , or have a different configuration from that shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the memory 104 may be configured to store computer programs, for example, software programs and modules of application software, such as computer programs corresponding to the method for determining slice information in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the processor 102 runs the computer programs stored in the memory 104, Thereby executing various functional applications and data processing, that is, realizing the above-mentioned method.
  • the memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory.
  • the memory 104 may further include a memory that is remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories may be connected to the mobile terminal through a network. Examples of the aforementioned networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
  • Transmission device 106 is configured to receive or transmit data via a network.
  • the specific example of the above network may include a wireless network provided by the communication provider of the mobile terminal.
  • the transmission device 106 includes a network interface controller (NIC for short), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet.
  • the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF for short) module, which is configured to communicate with the Internet in a wireless manner.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart 1 of a method for determining slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2 , the process includes the following steps:
  • Step S202 receiving an initial message
  • Step S204 determining a target template matching the initial message from pre-configured templates, wherein the target template includes a target format of target slice information of a target slice associated with the initial message;
  • Step S206 generating a target message based on the initial message and the target template, wherein the target message includes the target slice information consistent with the target format;
  • Step S208 sending the target message to the receiving end to instruct the receiving end to perform the following operation: analyze the target message based on the target template to determine the target slice information.
  • the target template matches the received initial message from the pre-configured templates, wherein the target template contains the target format of the target slice information of the target slice associated with the initial message, and then based on The initial message and the target template generate the target message, and then send the target message to the receiving end to instruct the receiving end to analyze the target message based on the target template and determine the target slice information.
  • the executor of the above steps may be a network device, for example, a network forwarding device, a network sending device, or a routing switching device, etc., and the executor of the above steps may also be other processing devices or processing units with similar processing capabilities, etc. But not limited to this.
  • the following takes the network forwarding device to perform the above operations as an example (only an exemplary description, in actual operation, other devices or modules can also be used to perform the above operations):
  • the network forwarding device receives the initial message, and then determines the target template matching the initial message from the pre-configured templates.
  • the target template is a template matching the initial message
  • the target template includes the target format of the target slice information of the target slice associated with the initial message
  • the network forwarding device generates the target message based on the initial message and the target template , the target message contains target slice information consistent with the target format, that is, the target message is the message statistical information generated according to the target template and the initial message satisfying the template conditions, and the message statistical information includes The target slice information
  • the network forwarding device sends the target message to the receiving end (for example, a network receiver), so as to instruct the receiving end to analyze the target message based on the target template and determine the target slice information.
  • determining the target template matching the initial message from pre-configured templates includes: comparing the target slice information with the first slice information contained in the first template , to obtain a comparison result, wherein the first template is any one of the pre-configured templates, and the comparison result is used to indicate whether the target slice information contains the first slice information ; When the comparison result indicates that the target slice information includes the first slice information, determine that the first template is the target template.
  • the target slice information should be compared with the first slice information contained in each template to obtain the comparison result, wherein the comparison result It is used to indicate whether the target slice information contains the first slice information, for example, the slice identification type (corresponding to the target slice information) of the traffic received by the network forwarding device is ID-1, and a certain template (such as The slice identification type (corresponding to the first slice information) in the first template) is also ID-1, then the first template is the target template matching the initial message.
  • the template The slice information is a subset of the target slice information and also meets the matching conditions.
  • a template such as the second template
  • only slice information A and B are required to be collected, and a piece of slice information includes A, B, and C
  • the traffic of is also considered to match the template (that is, the second template above); if the comparison result indicates that the target slice information contains the first slice information, the first slice information can be determined
  • the template is the target template.
  • the above method before generating the target message based on the initial message and the target template, further includes: comparing the target template with a local entry to obtain a second comparison A comparison result, wherein the second comparison result is used to indicate whether the target template matches the local entry, and the local entry is used to record the correspondence between the message and slice information; based on the initial report Generating a target message from the text and the target template includes: generating the target message based on the initial message and the target template when the second comparison result indicates that the target template matches the local entry. target message.
  • the network forwarding device before the network forwarding device generates the target message based on the initial message and the target template, it needs to compare the target template with the local entry to determine whether the target template is consistent with the target template.
  • the network forwarding device determines the corresponding local entry based on the received traffic, and then uses the slice information contained in the local entry Compare with the slice information contained in the target template to determine whether it is consistent. If it is determined to be inconsistent, the message information will not be reported. Only when it is determined to be consistent will the message information carrying the slice information be sent to Receiving end.
  • the above method before sending the target message to the receiving end, further includes: sending the target template to the receiving end; sending the target message to the receiving end includes: sending the target packet carrying the target template identifier to the receiving end.
  • the network forwarding device (or network sender) sends the target template to the receiving end before sending the target message to the receiving end (or network receiver).
  • the network sending device The templates (may include multiple) configured to the network sender itself will be reported to the network receiver in advance; sending the target message to the receiving end by the network sender includes: The target message is sent to the receiving end.
  • the network sender when it sends message information, it will carry a matching template identifier (such as a template ID) in the message header, and the template The identifier is used to indicate a specific template corresponding thereto, so that the network receiver can know which template is used to parse the slice information from the packet information after receiving the packet information.
  • a matching template identifier such as a template ID
  • the target slice information includes at least one of the following: a slice identifier type of the target slice; a slice identifier of the target slice; a slice identifier of the target slice is included in the target message The carrying position of the target slice; the content of the slice forwarding entry corresponding to the target slice.
  • the target slice information includes multiple different types, which realizes the purpose of carrying different types of slice information, and also improves the flexibility of the way of carrying the slice information.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart 2 of a method for determining slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3 , the process includes the following steps:
  • Step S302 obtaining the target message from the sender, wherein the target message is generated based on the initial message and a target template matching the initial message, and the target template includes the information associated with the initial message the target format of the target slice information of the target slice, and the target message contains the target slice information consistent with the target format;
  • Step S304 determining the target template based on the target message
  • Step S306 analyzing the target packet based on the target template to determine the target slice information.
  • the target message is generated based on the initial message and the target template matching the initial message, and the target template contains The target format of the target slice information of the associated target slice, and the target message contains target slice information consistent with the target format, realizing the purpose of carrying slice information in the message; the target template, and then analyze the target packet based on the target template to determine the target slice information.
  • the executor of the above steps may be a network device, such as a network receiving device, a network receiver, etc., and the executor of the above steps may also be other processing devices or processing units with similar processing capabilities, but not limited thereto.
  • the following takes the network receiver to perform the above operations as an example (it is only an exemplary description, in actual operation, other devices or modules can also be used to perform the above operations):
  • the network receiver obtains the target message from the sender (such as the network sender), wherein the target message is generated by the network sender based on the initial message and the target template matching the initial message , the target template contains the target format of the target slice information of the target slice associated with the initial message, and the target message contains the target slice information consistent with the target format, therefore, it is realized that the message carries the slice
  • the network receiver can determine the target template based on the target message, and then analyze the target message based on the target template to determine the target slice information. The purpose of carrying the slice information in the reported traffic information is realized, and the target slice information can be determined based on the target message, thereby achieving the effect of counting and monitoring the traffic in the slice dimension.
  • the above method before acquiring the target message from the sender, further includes: acquiring the target template from the sender; determining the target template based on the target message includes: determining The target template is determined based on the target template identification information carried in the target message.
  • the network receiver before the network receiver obtains the target message from the sender (such as the network sender), it first obtains the target template sent by the network sender.
  • the network sender will pre-configure the The network sender's own templates (possibly including multiple) are all reported to the network receiver together; determining the target template based on the target message includes: first determining the identification information of the target template carried in the target message, for example, In practical applications, when the network sender sends message information, it will carry a matching template identifier (such as a template ID) in the header of the message. After the network receiver determines the identification information of the target template, it can The identification information of the target template is determined.
  • parsing the target packet based on the target template to determine the target slice information includes: determining a target format of the target slice information included in the target template; The target packet is parsed based on the target format to determine the target slice information contained in the target packet.
  • the network receiver parses the target message based on the target template and determines the target slice information includes: determining the target format of the target slice information contained in the target template, and then analyzing the target message based on the target format Perform parsing to determine the target slice information included in the target message.
  • the target slice information includes at least one of the following: a slice identifier type of the target slice; a slice identifier of the target slice; a slice identifier of the target slice is included in the target message The carrying position of the target slice; the content of the slice forwarding entry corresponding to the target slice.
  • the target slice information includes multiple different types, which realizes the purpose of carrying different types of slice information, and also improves the flexibility of the way of carrying the slice information.
  • the target message is parsed based on the target format to determine that the target slice information included in the target message includes at least one of the following: If the format is used to indicate that the target slice information contains the slice identifier of the target slice, the target packet is parsed based on the target format to obtain the slice identifier contained in the target slice information ; When the target format is used to indicate how the target slice information includes the slice identifier of the target slice in the target message, parsing the target message based on the target format to obtain the target slice information, and to obtain the slice identifier carried in the target message through the carrying method; in the target format, it is used to indicate that the target slice information includes the slice of the target slice In the case of identifying the carrying mode in the target message and the slice identification field of the target slice, parsing the target message based on the target format, so as to obtain the The slice identifier in the message and the slice identifier indicated by the slice identifier field; when the target format is used to indicate that the target slice information is multi-layer
  • the network receiver parses the target packet based on the target format to determine that the target slice information includes at least one of the following four ways: Mode 1, where the target format is used to indicate the If the target slice information contains the slice identifier of the target slice, the target packet is parsed based on the target format to obtain the slice identifier contained in the target slice information. For example, in practical applications , when the reported slice information only contains the slice identifier, the network receiver parses the target packet based on the target format to obtain the slice identifier contained in the target slice information.
  • the network receiver will generally store the slice ID after parsing the message; mode 2, the target format is used to indicate that the target slice information contains the slice ID of the target slice in the target message
  • the target message is parsed based on the target format to obtain the target slice information, and the slice identifier carried in the target message through the carrying method is obtained , for example, in the case that the slice information carries the slice identifier of the target slice in the target packet, and the slice identifier in the target packet has a corresponding value, it means that the packet is in a specific position It shows that the slice identifier is carried, and the network receiver parses the target packet based on the target format to obtain the target slice information, and obtains the slice identifier carried in the target packet, that is, obtains the value of the target slice identifier carried in the target packet Mode 3, when the target format is used to indicate the carrying mode of the slice identifier of the target slice in the target message and the slice identifier field
  • mode 4 when the target format is used to indicate that the target slice information is multi-layer slice information, the target message is parsed based on the target format to obtain slice information of each layer, for example, In a hierarchical slice network, when the target format indicates that the target slice information is multi-layer slice information, the network receiver parses the target message based on the target format to obtain information of each slice , that is, the network receiver parses each slice independently.
  • the purpose of determining the target slice information by parsing the target message in different ways based on different target formats can be achieved.
  • the above method further includes: comparing the carried Whether the slice identifier in the target message and the slice identifier indicated by the slice identifier field are consistent; if the comparison is inconsistent, it is determined that the local entry of the sender is abnormal, wherein the slice identifier field is determined by the sender based on the local entry.
  • the network receiver may obtain the slice identifier from the target packet The slice identifier is compared with the slice identifier indicated by the slice identifier field to determine whether they are consistent. If the comparison result is inconsistent, that is, the slice identifier obtained from the target message and the slice indicated by the slice identifier field If the identifiers are inconsistent, it is determined that the local entry of the sending end is abnormal, wherein the slice identification field is determined by the sending end based on the local entry, and in practical applications, such records can be marked as abnormal.
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for collecting slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 4, the process includes the following steps:
  • Step S402 configure the IPFIX template of the sender (corresponding to the aforementioned network forwarding device, or the network sending device), and request to send slice information, and the sender (Exporter) is configured and enabled on the forwarding device to include when collecting and reporting traffic Slice information, slice information may include, slice identifier type, slice identifier, slice identifier carrying position in the message, specific content of slice forwarding entries (such as next hop, queue), etc.;
  • Step S404 the sender reports message information to the receiver (corresponding to the aforementioned network receiver), carrying slice information.
  • the sender After receiving the traffic, the sender first needs to match the traffic with a pre-configured template, including matching the traffic related
  • the slice information matches the slice information carried in the template. For example, if the slice ID type in a template is flex-algo ID, the slice ID type of the matching traffic also needs to be flex-algo ID. If the slice information in the template It is a subset of traffic-related slice information, and it is also considered to meet the matching conditions.
  • slice information A and B are required to be collected in the template, then a flow whose slice information includes A, B, and C is also considered to match the template;
  • the slice information is carried in the reported message information; according to the reporting rules of IPFIX, when the sender reports the information to the receiver, it needs to first report the data template information , and then report the specific data value information;
  • Step S406 the receiver parses the data of the sender, obtains and stores the corresponding relationship between the message and the slice, and the receiver (Collector) enters the corresponding slice information analysis mode according to the data template, and parses the received data message of the sender;
  • step S408 the analyzer extracts data from the receiver for subsequent processing, and the network analyzer (Analyser) extracts statistical data from the receiver for subsequent processing to provide a basis for services.
  • Slice-related processing operations may include billing by slice, visualization of slice topology and real-time usage, etc.
  • the purpose of carrying the slice information in the reported traffic information is realized, and the target slice information can also be determined based on the target message, and the effect of counting and monitoring the traffic in the slice dimension can be achieved.
  • the receiver may adopt a corresponding slice information parsing mode.
  • the following example illustrates:
  • Method 1 Simple mode.
  • the reported slice information only includes the slice identifier.
  • the receiver parses and stores the packet, it directly stores this field as the slice identifier of the packet.
  • Mode 2 Packet extraction mode, the slice identifier carried in the slice information is carried in the slice mode.
  • the carrying mode of the slice identifier in the message has a corresponding value, it means that the slice identifier is explicitly carried in a specific position in the message, for example, carried in the first 8 bits of the IPv6 Flow Label. Label value, to obtain the slice identifier value carried in the message; if the corresponding value cannot be obtained according to the way the slice identifier is carried in the message, for example, it is specified to be carried in the IPv6 Flow Label, but the actual data reported is not carried IPv6 Flow Label field, this record should be marked as abnormal.
  • Mode 3 comparison mode, based on the above mode 2, if the slice identification field is also carried in addition to the carrying mode in which the slice identification is carried in the packet.
  • the sender can indicate the value in the slice identifier field by means of the slice identifier type, etc., and the sender can obtain it according to the local entry of the relationship between the message and the slice. Then the receiver can compare the slice identifier obtained from the message with the directly reported slice identifier to determine whether the slice information stored in the sender's local forwarding entry is accurate.
  • Method 4 Hierarchical mode.
  • the data reported by the sender may contain multi-layer slicing information, and the expression method of each layer of slicing information is independent.
  • the above methods 1, 2, and 3 Any combination can be made, and the collector independently parses each layer of slices.
  • FIG. 5 is an example of a data template carrying slice information reported by the sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the two newly defined elements of IPFIX are as follows:
  • NetworksliceID type slice ID type.
  • the type value corresponding to this element is TBA1, that is, if you see TBA1 in the template, it means that this field in the corresponding data carries the type of slice ID.
  • TBA1 the type value corresponding to this element
  • NetworksliceID value The type value corresponding to this element is TBA2, that is, if you see TBA2 in the template, it means that this field in the corresponding data carries the value of the slice ID.
  • FIG. 6 is an example of the actual data content reported by the sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the IPv6 address is ff06::c2
  • the destination IPv6 address is ff06::c3
  • the slice ID type is FA-ID
  • the slice ID value is 129.
  • the IPv6 address represents the current SRv6 SID, so that the collector can obtain the correspondence between the SID and the slice ID.
  • the packet information is reported by including both the MPLS label and the slice ID information, the corresponding relationship between the MPLS label and the slice ID can also be obtained.
  • the carrying of the slice ID type is not mandatory, and can be configured according to data collection requirements. This embodiment corresponds to the manner of carrying slice information in the simple mode.
  • Fig. 7 is an example of a data template carrying slice information reported by a sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. ), as follows:
  • network sliceID type the type and value of the slice ID are the same as those defined in the second specific embodiment above.
  • Network sliceID position The way to carry the slice ID.
  • the type value corresponding to this element is TBA3, that is, if you see TBA3 in the template, it means that this field in the corresponding data carries the slice ID.
  • TBA3 the type value corresponding to this element
  • the slice ID is carried in the MPLS entropy label
  • the slice ID is carried in the last 8 bits of the IPv6 Flow Label
  • Figure 8 is an example of the actual data content reported by the sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 2, as shown in Figure 8, in the actual data content reported by the sender, it indicates that the template ID corresponding to the data is 257, and the data is analyzed according to the template The result is that the destination IPv6 address of the message is ff06::c3, the Flow Label is 519 (that is, binary 1000000111), the slice ID type is AII, and the slice ID is carried in the last 8 bits of the IPv6 Flow Label. Therefore, according to Flow Label takes the slice ID as 127.
  • the newly defined field specifically carries slice information.
  • the newly defined field also needs to define a new IPFIX element or element type value.
  • a new MPLS label type is newly defined, which is specially used to carry slices, it needs to be added to the value of the existing IPFIX MPLS label type element (current MPLS label types include VPN labels, labels associated with BGP, LDP labels, etc. ), a new value is defined to represent a new MPLS label type; if a field type not contained in the current IPFIX element is extended to carry slice information, a new element of IPFIX needs to be defined, for example, a newly defined one carried in the MPLS label stack If the bottom data extension header or IPv6 extension header TLV carries slice information, a new element of IPFIX is newly defined for the newly added data extension header or TLV.
  • the reported template and data also carry the network sliceID value information defined in the above specific embodiment 2, then correspondingly enter the comparison mode, and compare whether the network sliceID value is consistent with the slice ID obtained from the Flow Label or whether the mapping relationship is correct.
  • This embodiment corresponds to the manner of carrying slice information in the packet extraction mode.
  • a networksliceID position element is specially defined to indicate the position carried in the message.
  • This embodiment provides another example, so that it can simultaneously support the simple mode of the above-mentioned specific embodiment 2 and the packet extraction mode of the above-mentioned specific embodiment 3 based on fewer new elements.
  • networksliceID type slice ID type.
  • the type value corresponding to this element is TBA1, that is, if you see TBA1 in the template, it means that this field in the corresponding data carries the type of slice ID.
  • TBA1 the type value corresponding to this element
  • networksliceID value The type value corresponding to this element is TBA2, that is, if you see TBA2 in the template, it means that this field in the corresponding data carries the value of the slice ID.
  • the collector When the collector extracts data, if it is found through the value of the slice ID type that the slice ID is explicitly carried in the message, and the networksliceID value has a value, it means that the slice ID is carried in the local entry and the message at the same time, then Correspondingly enter the comparison mode, and compare the slice identifier obtained from the message with the slice identifier in the local entry.
  • Fig. 9 is an example diagram of a data template carrying hierarchical slice information reported by the sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 9, in a hierarchical slice network, IPFIX is required to be able to report the slice information of each layer, as shown in Fig. 9 It is the data template that carries the Layer 2 slice information reported by the sender.
  • Fig. 10 is an example diagram of the actual data content carrying hierarchical slice information reported by the sender according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the template ID corresponding to the data is 258, according to The result of parsing the data by the template is that the top-level slice ID of the packet is carried in the last 8 bits of the IPv6 Flow Label, so the slice ID is 127 according to the Flow Label; the slice ID of the second layer of the packet is 129, and the slice ID type is for FA-ID.
  • the slice information can also be other message content related to the slice or the content in the local entry of the device.
  • the slice corresponds to Forwarding queues, etc., similarly, need to define new elements or element types to carry corresponding templates and data for reporting.
  • Table 1 is a glossary of related technical terms, as shown in Table 1:
  • the method according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, and of course also by hardware, but in many cases the former is Better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk, CD) contains several instructions to make a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute the methods of various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a structural block diagram 1 of an apparatus for determining slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 11 , the apparatus includes:
  • the receiving module 1102 is configured to receive the initial message
  • the first determining module 1104 is configured to determine a target template matching the initial message from pre-configured templates, wherein the target template includes a target of target slice information of a target slice associated with the initial message Format;
  • a generating module 1106, configured to generate a target message based on the initial message and the target template, wherein the target message includes the target slice information consistent with the target format;
  • the first sending module 1108 is configured to send the target message to the receiving end, so as to instruct the receiving end to perform the following operation: analyze the target message based on the target template to determine the target slice information.
  • the above-mentioned first determination module 1104 includes: a comparison unit configured to compare the target slice information with the first slice information contained in the first template to obtain a comparison result , wherein the first template is any one of the pre-configured templates, and the comparison result is used to indicate whether the target slice information contains the first slice information; the first determining unit, It is set to determine that the first template is the target template when the comparison result indicates that the target slice information includes the first slice information.
  • the above device further includes: a first comparison module, configured to compare the target template with the local entry before generating the target message based on the initial message and the target template comparison to obtain a second comparison result, wherein the second comparison result is used to indicate whether the target template matches the local entry, and the local entry is used to record the information between the message and the slice information Correspondence;
  • the above generating module 1106 includes: a generating unit configured to generate an The target message.
  • the above device further includes: a second sending module, configured to send the target template to the receiving end before sending the target message to the receiving end;
  • Module 1108 includes: a sending unit configured to send the target message carrying the target template identifier to the receiving end.
  • the target slice information includes at least one of the following: a slice identifier type of the target slice; a slice identifier of the target slice; a slice identifier of the target slice is included in the target message The carrying position of the target slice; the content of the slice forwarding entry corresponding to the target slice.
  • FIG. 12 is a structural block diagram II of an apparatus for determining slice information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 12 , the apparatus includes:
  • the first obtaining module 1202 is configured to obtain a target message from the sender, wherein the target message is generated based on the initial message and a target template matching the initial message, and the target template contains the a target format of the target slice information of the target slice associated with the initial message, and the target message includes the target slice information consistent with the target format;
  • the second determining module 1204 is configured to determine the target template based on the target message
  • the third determining module 1206 is configured to analyze the target packet based on the target template to determine the target slice information.
  • the above-mentioned apparatus further includes: a second obtaining module, configured to obtain the target template from the sending end before obtaining the target message from the sending end; the above-mentioned second determining module 1204 includes: The second determining unit is configured to determine the identification information of the target template carried in the target message, and determine the target template based on the identification information of the target template.
  • the third determining module 1206 includes: a third determining unit configured to determine the target format of the target slice information included in the target template; a fourth determining unit configured to Parsing the target message in the target format to determine the target slice information contained in the target message.
  • the target slice information includes at least one of the following: a slice identifier type of the target slice; a slice identifier of the target slice; a slice identifier of the target slice is included in the target message The carrying position of the target slice; the content of the slice forwarding entry corresponding to the target slice.
  • the above-mentioned fourth determining unit includes at least one of the following: a first acquiring subunit configured to indicate in the target format that the target slice information contains the slice identifier of the target slice In the case of , the target message is parsed based on the target format to obtain the slice identifier contained in the target slice information; the second obtaining subunit is configured to indicate the target format in the target format If the target slice information includes the manner in which the slice identifier of the target slice is carried in the target message, parse the target message based on the target format to obtain the target slice information, and obtain The slice identifier carried in the target message in the carrying manner; a third acquiring subunit configured to indicate that the target slice information includes the slice identifier of the target slice in the target format In the case of the carrying mode in the target message and the slice identification field of the target slice, parsing the target message based on the target format, so as to obtain the The slice identifier in and the slice identifier indicated by the slice identifier field; the fourth
  • the above device further includes: a second comparison module, configured to obtain the slice identifier carried in the target message through the carrying method and the slice identifier field indicated After the slice identifier, compare whether the slice identifier carried in the target message and the slice identifier indicated by the slice identifier field are consistent; the fourth determination module is configured to determine if the comparison is inconsistent The local entry of the sender is abnormal, wherein the slice identification field is determined by the sender based on the local entry.
  • a second comparison module configured to obtain the slice identifier carried in the target message through the carrying method and the slice identifier field indicated After the slice identifier, compare whether the slice identifier carried in the target message and the slice identifier indicated by the slice identifier field are consistent
  • the fourth determination module is configured to determine if the comparison is inconsistent
  • the local entry of the sender is abnormal, wherein the slice identification field is determined by the sender based on the local entry.
  • each of the above-mentioned modules can be implemented by software or hardware.
  • it can be implemented in the following manner, but not limited to this: the above-mentioned modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above-mentioned modules can be combined in any combination The forms of are located in different processors.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments when running.
  • the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium may include but not limited to: U disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, referred to as RAM) , mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store computer programs.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • mobile hard disk magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store computer programs.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments.
  • the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input and output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor, and the input and output device is connected to the processor.
  • the mechanism of IPFIX can be extended, so that it can support relevant slice information in the collected messages, so that operations such as statistics and monitoring of traffic can be performed in the dimension of slices, and single-layer support can be realized.
  • the hierarchical network slicing structure it can also realize information collection under various slice information carrying methods such as carrying slice information in packets, carrying in local entries, and carrying in both packets and local entries.
  • it can also support the comparison between the slice identifier in the message and the slice identifier in the local entry.
  • each module or each step of the above-mentioned disclosure can be realized by a general-purpose computing device, and they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed in a network composed of multiple computing devices In fact, they can be implemented in program code executable by a computing device, and thus, they can be stored in a storage device to be executed by a computing device, and in some cases, can be executed in an order different from that shown here. Or described steps, or they are fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps among them are fabricated into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. As such, the present disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

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Abstract

本公开实施例提供了一种切片信息的确定方法、装置、存储介质及电子装置，其中，上述方法包括：接收初始报文；从预先配置的模板中确定出与初始报文匹配的目标模板，其中，目标模板包含与初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式；基于初始报文以及目标模板生成目标报文，其中，目标报文中包含有与目标格式一致的目标切片信息；将目标报文发送给接收端，以指示接收端执行以下操作：基于目标模板对目标报文进行解析，以确定出目标切片信息。

Description

切片信息的确定方法、装置、存储介质及电子装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开基于2021年6月16日提交的发明名称为“切片信息的确定方法、装置、存储介质及电子装置”的中国专利申请CN202110668840.5,并且要求该专利申请的优先权，通过引用将其所公开的内容全部并入本公开。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种切片信息的确定方法、装置、存储介质及电子装置。
背景技术
SR是一种基于源地址的路由的方法，通过在现有的多协议标签交换(Multi-Protocol Label Switching，MPLS)网络的报文头或者互联网协议第6版(InternetProtocol Version 6，IPv6)报文头中携带段路由报文头(Segment Routing Header，SRH)，在SRH中携带有一系列的指示操作(也称为段操作)用于数据在网络中的路由和传输。
IP流信息输出(IP Flow Information Export，以下简称：IPFIX)协议是一种针对数据流特征分析、基于模板的格式输出的协议。IPFIX定义的格式以Cisco Netflow Version 9数据输出格式作为基础，可使IP流量信息从一个输出器(Exporter)传送到收集器(Collector)。IPFIX统一了流量监控标准，通过使用单一的、一致的模型，简化了流输出架构。IPFIX可以用于流量计费、流量工程、攻击监测、网络服务质量监控等。
5G网络架构中提出了网络切片(Network Slicing)这一突破性的概念。通过网络切片，使运营商能够在通用的物理平台之上构建多个专用的、虚拟化的、互相隔离的逻辑网络，来满足不同客户对网络能力的不同要求。网络切片是通过网络功能的组合形成逻辑独立的虚拟网络结构。不同的网络切片，对应了不同的资源保障和服务等级，尤其是不同切片的收费标准和投入的运维成本差别可能是巨大的。
网络切片的标识(Identity，ID)可简称为切片标识或切片ID，用于标识网络切片，根据具体实现网络切片的技术手段，切片标识可以有不同的含义和形式，一个标识只要能够在特定范围内(如同一个物理端口/链路、同一个IGP域内、整网范围等)唯一的区分出切片或者资源，都可以被看作切片标识。如draft-dong-6man-enhanced-vpn-vtn-id中根据IGP多拓扑(Multi-topology)来进行切片虚拟拓扑的划分，切片标识可以是一个多拓扑ID；如果根据IGP多进程来进行切片的划分，则切片标识可以是IGP进程号；如根据draft-ietf-lsr-flex-algo中定义的flex-algorithm(灵活算法，简称FA)来进行切片的划分，则切片标识可以是FA ID；如根据draft-peng-lsr-network-slicing中一个全局的标识AII(Administrative Instance Identifier)来全局标识切片，则AII作为切片标识。
现有的切片信息携带方式可能会存在如下问题：1)网络中会存在一些遗留老设备，即使在相应字段置位，也并不代表切片标识含义，如果需要准确获取报文对应的切片标识，报文 分析器需要详细获取各设备的能力；2)不同的转发面技术，在报文中携带切片标识的方式是不同的，一旦携带位置发生变化或者引入了新的转发技术，需要对网络分析器的逻辑进行更新。
针对相关技术中存在的上报流量信息中无法有效携带切片信息的问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供了一种切片信息的确定方法、装置、存储介质及电子装置，以至少解决相关技术中存在的上报流量信息中无法有效携带切片信息的问题。
根据本公开实施例的一个方面，提供了一种切片信息的确定方法，包括：接收初始报文；从预先配置的模板中确定出与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板，其中，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式；基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文，其中，所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；将所述目标报文发送给接收端，以指示所述接收端执行以下操作：基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
根据本公开实施例的另一个方面，还提供了一种切片信息的确定方法，包括：获取来自发送端的目标报文，其中，所述目标报文为基于初始报文以及与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板所生成的，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式，且所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；基于所述目标报文确定出所述目标模板；基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
根据本公开实施例的又一个方面，还提供了一种切片信息的确定装置，包括：接收模块，设置为接收初始报文；第一确定模块，设置为从预先配置的模板中确定出与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板，其中，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式；生成模块，设置为基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文，其中，所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；第一发送模块，设置为将所述目标报文发送给接收端，以指示所述接收端执行以下操作：基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
根据本公开实施例的又一个方面，还提供了一种切片信息的确定装置，包括：第一获取模块，设置为获取来自发送端的目标报文，其中，所述目标报文为基于初始报文以及与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板所生成的，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式，且所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；第二确定模块，设置为基于所述目标报文确定出所述目标模板；第三确定模块，设置为基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
根据本公开实施例的又一个方面，还提供了一种计算机可读的存储介质，该计算机可读的存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，该计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
根据本公开实施例的又一个方面，还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，上述处理器通过计算机程序执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本公开的示例性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是本公开实施例的切片信息的确定方法的移动终端硬件结构框图；
图2是根据本公开实施例的切片信息的确定方法流程图一；
图3是根据本公开实施例的切片信息的确定方法流程图二；
图4是根据本公开实施例的一种收集切片信息的方法流程图；
图5是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的携带切片信息的数据模板示例图一；
图6是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的实际数据内容示例图一；
图7是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的携带切片信息的数据模板示例图二；
图8是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的实际数据内容示例图二；
图9是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的携带层次化切片信息的数据模板示例图；
图10是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的携带层次化切片信息的实际数据内容示例图；
图11是根据本公开实施例的切片信息的确定装置的结构框图一；
图12是根据本公开实施例的切片信息的确定装置的结构框图二。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本公开方案，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本公开保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本公开的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本公开的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在相关技术中，网络切片标识主要有以下几种携带方式。
方式1，显式携带在报文中。总体而言，有两种携带的方式：第一种，利用报文中的已有字段，对其进行适当改造，携带切片标识；例如，在IPv6网络中，采用draft-filsfils-spring-srv6-stateless-slice-id中的方式，在IPv6报文头的Traffic Class字段中预留一个比特位，置位时代表报文头的Flow Label字段中携带了切片标识，Flow Label字段中划分出部分比特位携带具体的切片标识值；在MPLS网络中，可以采用draft-decraene-mpls-slid-encoded-entropy-label-id中的方式，利用MPLS熵标签的部分比特位，来携带切片信息。第二种，新定义专门的字段携带切片标识；例如draft-dong-6man-enhanced-vpn-vtn-id中，新定义一个IPv6逐跳选项头(hop-by-hop option header，简称HBH头)的选项(option)专门用于携带切片标识。
方式2，报文中不携带切片标识，网络中各转发设备的本地表项中，有流量与切片的映 射关系。例如，可以是段路由SID/MPLS标签/IP地址等与切片的映射关系。
方式3，结合方式1和方式2，报文中携带切片标识，同时转发设备本地也保存了报文和切片的对应关系。该种方式可以应用于层次化的切片架构。例如，先将网络用全局的切片ID划分为几个大的顶层切片(如一个省份对应一个切片)，然后再在各个切片内，基于FA划分子切片。节点首先根据报文中携带的切片ID，对应到特定顶层切片，然后再根据本地保存报文和子切片的关系，在顶层切片下，继续查找相应的子切片的转发表项，对报文进行转发。
方式4，在只有一层切片的网络中，报文中携带切片标识，同时转发设备本地也有切片标识的情况也存在。设备首先根据报文，提取切片标识，本地表项中有切片标识相关的转发表项。将提取的切片标识和本地表项中标识相对应(二者一致或者存在映射关系)，然后获取转发动作。
即使在利用/改造现有字段携带切片标识的情况下，IPFIX上报流量信息直接携带切片标识也可能存在如前述的问题，即，存在如下问题：
1)网络中会存在一些遗留老设备，即使在相应字段置位，也并不代表切片标识含义，如果需要准确获取报文对应的切片标识，报文分析器需要详细获取各设备的能力；2)不同的转发面技术，在报文中携带切片标识的方式是不同的，一旦携带位置发生变化或者引入了新的转发技术，需要对网络分析器的逻辑进行更新。
针对相关技术中存在的上述问题，本公开提出了解决方案，下面对本公开进行说明。
本申请实施例中所提供的方法实施例可以在移动终端、计算机终端或者类似的运算装置中执行。以运行在移动终端上为例，图1是本公开实施例的切片信息的确定方法的移动终端硬件结构框图。如图1所示，移动终端可以包括一个或多个(图1中仅示出一个)处理器102(处理器102可以包括但不限于微处理器MCU或可编程逻辑器件FPGA等的处理装置)和设置为存储数据的存储器104，在一个示例性实施例中，上述移动终端还可以包括设置为通信功能的传输设备106以及输入输出设备108。本领域普通技术人员可以理解，图1所示的结构仅为示意，其并不对上述移动终端的结构造成限定。例如，移动终端还可包括比图1中所示更多或者更少的组件，或者具有与图1所示不同的配置。
存储器104可设置为存储计算机程序，例如，应用软件的软件程序以及模块，如本公开实施例中的切片信息的确定方法对应的计算机程序，处理器102通过运行存储在存储器104内的计算机程序，从而执行各种功能应用以及数据处理，即实现上述的方法。存储器104可包括高速随机存储器，还可包括非易失性存储器，如一个或者多个磁性存储装置、闪存、或者其他非易失性固态存储器。在一些实例中，存储器104可进一步包括相对于处理器102远程设置的存储器，这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至移动终端。上述网络的实例包括但不限于互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。
传输设备106设置为经由一个网络接收或者发送数据。上述的网络具体实例可包括移动终端的通信供应商提供的无线网络。在一个实例中，传输设备106包括一个网络适配器(Network Interface Controller，简称为NIC)，其可通过基站与其他网络设备相连从而可与互联网进行通讯。在一个实例中，传输设备106可以为射频(Radio Frequency，简称为RF)模块，其设置为通过无线方式与互联网进行通讯。
在本实施例中提供了一种切片信息的确定方法，图2是根据本公开实施例的切片信息的确定方法流程图一，如图2所示，该流程包括如下步骤：
步骤S202，接收初始报文；
步骤S204，从预先配置的模板中确定出与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板，其中，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式；
步骤S206，基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文，其中，所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；
步骤S208，将所述目标报文发送给接收端，以指示所述接收端执行以下操作：基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
通过上述步骤，通过从预先配置的模板中确定出与所接收的初始报文匹配的目标模板，其中，该目标模板中包含与初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式，再基于初始报文以及目标模板生成目标报文，然后将目标报文发送给接收端，以指示接收端基于目标模板对目标报文进行解析并确定出目标切片信息。采用上述技术方案，解决了相关技术中存在的上报流量信息中无法携带切片信息的问题，实现了在上报流量信息中携带切片信息的目的，进而达到了以切片维度对流量进行统计和监控等效果。
其中，上述步骤的执行主体可以为网络设备，例如，网络转发设备、网络发送设备，或者路由交换设备等，上述步骤的执行主体还可以是其他的具备类似处理能力的处理设备或处理单元等，但不限于此。下面以网络转发设备执行上述操作为例(仅是一种示例性说明，在实际操作中还可以是其他的设备或模块来执行上述操作)进行说明：
在上述实施例中，网络转发设备接收初始报文，再从预先配置的模板中确定出与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板，在实际应用中，预先配置的模板中可能有多个模板，其中，该目标模板是与初始报文匹配的模板，且目标模板中包含与初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式；网络转发设备再基于初始报文以及目标模板生成目标报文，该目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的目标切片信息，即目标报文是根据目标模板以及满足模板条件的初始报文生成的报文统计信息，且该报文统计信息中包含目标切片信息，然后由网络转发设备将所述目标报文发送给接收端(例如，网络接收器)，以指示接收端基于目标模板对目标报文进行解析并确定出目标切片信息。通过实施该技术方案，可有效解决相关技术中存在的上报流量信息中无法有效携带切片信息的问题，实现了在上报流量信息中携带切片信息的目的，进而达到了以切片维度对流量进行统计和监控等效果。
在一个可选的实施例中，从预先配置的模板中确定出与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板包括：将所述目标切片信息与第一模板中包含的第一切片信息进行比对，以得到比对结果，其中，所述第一模板为所述预先配置的模板中的任意一个模板，所述比对结果用于指示所述目标切片信息中是否包含所述第一切片信息；在所述比对结果指示所述目标切片信息包含所述第一切片信息的情况下，确定出所述第一模板为所述目标模板。在本实施例中，预先配置的模板中可能存在多个模板，要将所述目标切片信息与每个模板中包含的第一切片信息进行对比，以得到比对结果，其中，比对结果用于指示所述目标切片信息中是否包含所述第一切片信息，例如，网络转发设备接收到的流量的切片标识类型(对应于目标切片信息)为ID-1，而某个模板(如第一模板)中切片标识类型(对应于第一切片信息)也为ID-1，那么第一模板即为与初始报文匹配的目标模板，可选地，在实际应用中，如果模板中的切片信息是所述目标切片信息的子集，也是满足匹配条件的，例如，某个模板(如第二模板)中只要求收集切片信息A和B，而一条切片信息包含A、B、C的流量也被认为是与该模板(即上述第二模 板)相匹配的；在比对结果指示所述目标切片信息包含所述第一切片信息的情况下，即可确定出所述第一模板为所述目标模板。通过本实施例，实现了确定与目标切片信息匹配的目标模板的目的。
在一个可选的实施例中，在基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文之前，上述方法还包括：将所述目标模板与本地表项进行比对，以得到第二比对结果，其中，所述第二比对结果用于指示所述目标模板与所述本地表项是否匹配，所述本地表项用于记录报文与切片信息的对应关系；基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文包括：在所述第二比对结果指示所述目标模板与所述本地表项匹配的情况下，基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成所述目标报文。在本实施例中，网络转发设备在基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文之前，要将所述目标模板与本地表项进行比对，以确定所述目标模板与所述本地表项是否匹配，其中，本地表项用于记录报文与切片信息的对应关系；只有在所述第二比对结果指示所述目标模板与所述本地表项匹配的情况下，才会基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成所述目标报文；在实际应用中，网络转发设备基于接收到的流量确定出对应的本地表项，再将本地表项中所包含的切片信息与目标模板中包含的切片信息进行比对以确定是否一致，在确定不一致的情况下，不会上报报文信息，只有在确定一致的情况下，才会将携带切片信息的报文信息发送给接收端。
在一个可选的实施例中，将所述目标报文发送给接收端之前，上述方法还包括：将所述目标模板发送给所述接收端；将所述目标报文发送给接收端包括：将携带有所述目标模板的标识的所述目标报文发送给所述接收端。在本实施例中，网络转发设备(或网络发送器)在将目标报文发送给接收端(或网络接收器)之前，将所述目标模板发送给接收端，在实际应用中，网络发送器会预先将配置给网络发送器自身的模板(可能包含多个)都一起上报给网络接收器；网络发送器将所述目标报文发给接收端包括：将携带有所述目标模板的标识的所述目标报文发送给所述接收端，可选地，在实际应用中，网络发送器在发送报文信息的时候，会在报文头携带匹配的模板标识(例如模板ID)，该模板标识用于指示与其对应的具体模板，以使网络接收器在接收到报文信息后能够知道基于哪个模板从报文信息中解析出切片信息。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述目标切片信息包括以下至少之一：所述目标切片的切片标识类型；所述目标切片的切片标识；所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带位置；所述目标切片对应的切片转发表项的内容。在本实施例中，目标切片信息包括多种不同类型，实现了可携带不同类型切片信息的目的，同时也提高了切片信息携带方式的灵活性。
在本实施例中还提供了一种切片信息的确定方法，图3是根据本公开实施例的切片信息的确定方法流程图二，如图3所示，该流程包括如下步骤：
步骤S302，获取来自发送端的目标报文，其中，所述目标报文为基于初始报文以及与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板所生成的，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式，且所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；
步骤S304，基于所述目标报文确定出所述目标模板；
步骤S306，基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
通过上述步骤，通过获取来自发送端所发送的目标报文，其中，该目标报文为基于初始 报文及与初始报文匹配的目标模板所生成的，目标模板中包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式，且所述目标报文中包含有与目标格式一致的目标切片信息，实现了报文中携带切片信息的目的；基于所述目标报文确定出所述目标模板，然后基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，即可确定出所述目标切片信息。采用上述技术方案，解决了相关技术中存在的上报流量信息中无法有效携带切片信息的问题，实现了在上报流量信息中携带切片信息的目的，并可基于目标报文确定出目标切片信息，进而达到了以切片维度对流量进行统计和监控等效果。
其中，上述步骤的执行主体可以为网络设备，例如，网络接收设备、网络接收器等，上述步骤的执行主体还可以是其他的具备类似处理能力的处理设备或处理单元等，但不限于此。下面以网络接收器执行上述操作为例(仅是一种示例性说明，在实际操作中还可以是其他的设备或模块来执行上述操作)进行说明：
在上述实施例中，网络接收器获取来自发送端(例如网络发送器)的目标报文，其中，该目标报文为网络发送器基于初始报文及与初始报文匹配的目标模板所生成的，目标模板中包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式，且所述目标报文中包含有与目标格式一致的目标切片信息，因此，实现了报文中携带切片信息的目的，网络接收器基于目标报文可确定出目标模板，然后再基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，即可确定出所述目标切片信息。实现了在上报流量信息中携带切片信息的目的，并可基于目标报文确定出目标切片信息，进而达到了以切片维度对流量进行统计和监控等效果。
在一个可选的实施例中，在获取来自发送端的目标报文之前，上述方法还包括：获取来自所述发送端的所述目标模板；基于所述目标报文确定出所述目标模板包括：确定所述目标报文中携带的所述目标模板的标识信息，基于所述目标模板的标识信息确定出所述目标模板。在本实施例中，网络接收器在获取来自发送端(例如网络发送器)的目标报文之前，先获取由网络发送器发送的目标模板，在实际应用中，网络发送器会预先将配置给网络发送器自身的模板(可能包含多个)都一起上报给网络接收器；基于所述目标报文确定出所述目标模板包括：先确定目标报文中携带的目标模板的标识信息，例如，在实际应用中，网络发送器在发送报文信息的时候，会在报文头携带匹配的模板标识(例如模板ID)，网络接收器确定出目标模板的标识信息后，即可基于该目标模板的标识信息确定出所述目标模板。
在一个可选的实施例中，基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息包括：确定所述目标模板所包含的所述目标切片信息的目标格式；基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标报文中所包含的所述目标切片信息。在本实施例中，网络接收器基于目标模板对目标报文进行解析并确定出目标切片信息包括：确定目标模板中所包含的目标切片信息的目标格式，然后基于所述目标格式对目标报文进行解析，进而确定出所述目标报文中所包含的目标切片信息。通过本实施例，实现了基于目标报文确定出目标切片信息的目的。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述目标切片信息包括以下至少之一：所述目标切片的切片标识类型；所述目标切片的切片标识；所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带位置；所述目标切片对应的切片转发表项的内容。在本实施例中，目标切片信息包括多种不同类型，实现了可携带不同类型切片信息的目的，同时也提高了切片信息携带方式的灵活性。
在一个可选的实施例中，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目 标报文中所包含的所述目标切片信息包括以下至少之一：在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以获取所述目标切片信息中包含的所述切片标识；在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带方式的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析以获取所述目标切片信息，以及获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识；在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带方式以及所述目标切片的切片标识字段的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识；在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息为多层切片信息的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析以获取每层切片信息。在本实施例中，网络接收器基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析以确定出目标切片信息包括以下四种方式至少之一：方式1，在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以获取所述目标切片信息中包含的所述切片标识，例如，在实际应用中，当上报的切片信息中只包含切片标识的情况下，网络接收器基于目标格式对目标报文进行解析以获取所述目标切片信息中包含的所述切片标识，可选地，在实际应用中，网络接收器在解析报文后一般会将所述切片标识进行存储；方式2，在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带方式的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析以获取所述目标切片信息，以及获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识，例如，在切片信息中携带有目标切片的切片标识在目标报文中的携带方式的情况下，且切片标识在目标报文中的携带方式有相应取值时，说明报文中在特定位置显示携带了切片标识，网络接收器基于目标格式对目标报文进行解析以获取目标切片信息，并获取携带在目标报文中的切片标识，即获取目标报文中携带的目标切片标识的取值；方式3，在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带方式以及所述目标切片的切片标识字段的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识，例如，在目标切片信息中携带了切片标识在目标报文中的携带方式之外，还携带了切片标识字段的情况下，网络接收器对目标报文进行解析，可将从目标报文中获取切片标识和所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识进行对比，在实际应用中，可以此确定所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识是否准确，如果二者取值不一致或不存在对应关系，应将此类记录标记为异常；方式4，在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息为多层切片信息的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析以获取每层切片信息，例如，在层次化切片网络中，当所述目标格式指示所述目标切片信息为多层切片信息的情况下，网络接收器基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析以获取每层切片的信息，即网络接收器独立地对每一层切片进行解析。通过本实施例，可实现基于不同的目标格式对目标报文采取不同方式进行解析以确定出目标切片信息的目的。
在一个可选的实施例中，在获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识之后，上述方法还包括：比对携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识是否一致；在比对不一致的情 况下，确定所述发送端的本地表项异常，其中，所述切片标识字段为发送端基于所述本地表项所确定的。在本实施例中，网络接收器在获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识之后，可将从目标报文中获取切片标识和所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识进行对比以确定是否一致，在比对结果为不一致的情况下，即从目标报文中获取的切片标识和所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识不一致的情况下，确定所述发送端的本地表项异常，其中，所述切片标识字段为发送端基于所述本地表项所确定的，在实际应用中，可将此类记录标记为异常。
下面结合具体实施例对本公开进行具体说明：
具体实施例一：
图4是根据本公开实施例的一种收集切片信息的方法流程图，如图4所示，该流程包括如下步骤：
步骤S402，配置发送器(对应于前述网络转发设备，或网络发送设备)IPFIX模板，要求上送切片信息，发送器(Exporter)即转发设备上配置并启用IPFIX模板，要求收集并上报流量时包含切片信息，切片信息可能包括，切片标识类型，切片标识，切片标识在报文中携带位置，切片转发表项的具体内容(如下一跳、队列)等；
步骤S404，发送器上报报文信息给接收器(对应于前述网络接收器)，携带切片信息，发送器在接收到流量后，首先需要将流量与预先配置的模板进行匹配，包括将流量相关的切片信息与模板中携带切片信息的匹配，例如，某个模板中切片标识类型为flex-algo ID，则与之匹配的流量的切片标识类型也需要为flex-algo ID，如果模板中的切片信息是流量相关切片信息的子集，也认为是满足匹配条件，例如，模板中只要求收集切片信息A和B，则一条切片信息包含A、B、C的流量也被认为与该模板匹配；在流量与模板匹配的情况下，根据流量与切片的对应关系，在上报的报文信息中，携带切片信息；根据IPFIX的上报规则，发送器在上报给接收器信息时，需要先上报数据模板信息，然后上报具体的数据取值信息；
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，如果对于特定流量，匹配了多个模板，则会分别按各个模板上报多份信息；
步骤S406，接收器解析发送器的数据，获取报文和切片的对应关系并存储，接收器(Collector)根据数据模板，进入相应的切片信息解析模式，解析收到的发送器的数据报文；
步骤S408，分析器从接收器提取数据，进行后续处理，网络分析器(Analyser)从接收器中提取统计数据，进行后续处理，为业务提供依据。与切片相关的处理操作可能包括，按切片进行计费，切片拓扑和实时使用率的可视化展示等。
通过上述实施例，实现了在上报流量信息中携带切片信息的目的，还可基于目标报文确定出目标切片信息，可达到以切片维度对流量进行统计和监控等效果。
可选地，根据发送器上报的切片信息包含的不同内容，接收器上可能采取相应的切片信息解析模式，下面举例进行说明：
方式1：简单模式，上报的切片信息中只包含切片标识，接收器解析报文并存储时，直接以该字段作为报文的切片标识进行存储。
方式2：报文提取模式，切片信息中携带切片标识在报文中的携带方式。切片标识在报文中的携带方式有相应取值时，说明报文中在特定位置显式携带了切片标识，例如在IPv6 Flow Label前8位中携带，接收器根据上报报文中的IPv6 Flow Label值，获取报文中携带的切片标识值；如果根据切片标识在报文中的携带方式，获取不到相应的值，例如，指明在IPv6 Flow Label中携带，但上报的实际数据中没有携带IPv6 Flow Label字段，应该将此记录标记为异常。
方式3：对比模式，基于上述方式2，如果在携带了切片标识在报文中的携带方式之外，还携带了切片标识字段。发送器可以通过切片标识类型等方式，指明该切片标识字段中的值，为发送器根据本地的报文与切片关系的表项获取。则接收器可以将从报文中获取的切片标识和直接上报的切片标识进行对比，确定发送器的本地转发表项保存的切片信息是否准确。
方式4：层次化模式，在层次化切片的网络中，发送器上报的数据中，可能会包含多层的切片信息，每一层切片信息的表达方式是独立的，上述方式1、2、3可以进行任意的组合，收集器独立的对每一层切片进行解析。
具体实施例二：
图5是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的携带切片信息的数据模板示例图一，如图5所示，以SRv6网络为例，为了支持切片信息的上报，图5所示模板中包含了两个新定义的IPFIX的元素(element)，分别如下：
NetworksliceID type:切片ID类型。该元素对应的类型值为TBA1，即如果在模板中看到TBA1，代表对应数据中的该字段，携带的是切片ID的类型。相应的，还需要定义相应的切片ID类型取值，例如：
0：不支持切片或没有切片配置；
1：采用FA ID作为切片标识；
2：采用MT-ID作为切片标识；
3：切片标识为AII；
......
255：未知类型。
NetworksliceID value：该元素对应的类型值为TBA2，即如果在模板中看到TBA2，代表对应数据中的该字段，携带的是切片ID的数值。
图6是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的实际数据内容示例图一，如图6所示，该数据代表对应的模板ID为256，根据模板对数据进行解析的结果为，报文的源IPv6地址为ff06::c2，目的IPv6地址为ff06::c3，切片ID的类型为FA-ID，切片ID值为129。进一步的，在SRv6网络中，IPv6的地址代表当前的SRv6SID，从而收集器可以获取SID和切片ID的对应关系。类似的，在MPLS网络中，如果上报报文信息时通过同时包含MPLS标签和切片ID信息，也可以获取MPLS标签和切片ID的对应关系。
切片ID类型的携带并不是必需的，可以根据数据采集需求选择进行配置。本实施例对应为简单模式中携带切片信息的方式。
具体实施例三：
图7是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的携带切片信息的数据模板示例图二，如图7所示，为了支持切片信息的上报，模板中包含了两个新定义的IPFIX的元素(element)，分别 如下：
其中，network sliceID type:切片ID类型和取值与上述具体实施例二中定义的相同。
Network sliceID position：切片ID的携带方式。该元素对应的类型值为TBA3，即如果在模板中看到TBA3，代表对应数据中的该字段，携带的是切片ID的携带方式。相应的，还需要定义相应的切片ID携带方式对应的取值，例如：
0：没有显式携带切片ID；
1：切片ID携带在MPLS熵标签中；
2：切片ID携带在IPv6 Flow Label的后8比特；
图8是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的实际数据内容示例图二，如图8所示，发送器上报的实际数据内容中，表明数据对应的模板ID为257，根据模板对数据进行解析的结果为，报文的目的IPv6地址为ff06::c3，Flow Label为519(即二进制的1000000111)，切片ID类型为AII，切片ID携带方式为在IPv6 Flow Label的后8比特携带，因此根据Flow Label取切片ID为127。
需要说明的是，如果对报文进行扩展，新定义字段专门携带切片信息，除了切片标识携带位置需要有对应的类型取值外，对该新定义的字段，也需要定义新的IPFIX元素或者元素类型值。
例如，新定义了一种MPLS标签类型，专门用于携带切片，则需要在现有的IPFIX MPLS label type元素的取值(当前MPLS的标签类型包括，VPN标签、与BGP关联标签、LDP标签等)中，新定义一个值，代表新的MPLS标签类型；如果扩展了当前IPFIX元素中不包含的字段类型来携带切片信息，则需要定义IPFIX新的元素，例如新定义了一个携带在MPLS标签栈底的数据扩展头或者IPv6扩展头TLV携带切片信息，则针对该新增的数据扩展头或者TLV，新定义IPFIX的新元素。
如果上报的模板和数据中中还携带了上述具体实施例二中定义的network sliceID value信息，则相应的进入对比模式，对比networksliceID value值与从Flow Label中获取的切片ID是否一致或映射关系是否正确。
本实施例对应为报文提取模式中携带切片信息的方式。
具体实施例四：
在上述具体实施例三中，专门定义了一个networksliceID position元素指明报文携带的位置。实际使用中，关于指明报文的携带方式，有多种扩展方法。本实施例给出了另一种示例，使其能够基于较少的新元素，同时支持上述具体实施例二的简单模式和上述具体实施例三的报文提取模式。
与上述具体实施例二类似，定义两个新元素，分别如下：
networksliceID type:切片ID类型。该元素对应的类型值为TBA1，即如果在模板中看到TBA1，代表对应数据中的该字段，携带的是切片ID的类型。相应的，还需要定义相应的切片ID类型取值，通过相应的取值可以获取切片的携带方式和切片ID类型。例如：
0：不支持切片或没有切片配置；
1：采用FA ID作为切片标识；
2：采用MT-ID作为切片标识；
3：切片标识为AII；
4：采用FA ID作为切片标识且在IPv6 Flow Label中携带；
5：采用MT-ID作为切片标识且在IPv6 Flow Label中携带；
6：采用MT-ID作为切片标识且在MPLS标签中携带；
......
255：未知类型。
networksliceID value：该元素对应的类型值为TBA2，即如果在模板中看到TBA2，代表对应数据中的该字段，携带的是切片ID的数值。
收集器提取数据时，如果通过切片ID类型取值发现，切片ID显式携带在了报文中，而networksliceID value有取值，则代表同时在本地表项和报文中携带了切片标识，则相应的进入对比模式，对比从报文获取的切片标识和本地表项中的切片标识。
具体实施例五：
图9是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的携带层次化切片信息的数据模板示例图，如图9所示，在层次化切片的网络中，要求IPFIX能够上报各层的切片信息，图9为发送器上报的携带二层切片信息的数据模板。
为了上报层次化的切片信息，除了上述具体实施例二、具体实施例三中定义的networksliceID type、networksliceID value、networksliceID position之外，需要进一步定义第二层切片相关的信息，例如networksliceID2 type、networksliceID2 value、networksliceID2 position，数据的结构和取值与顶层切片一致，只有类型值不同。
图10是根据本公开实施例的发送器上报的携带层次化切片信息的实际数据内容示例图，如图10所示，发送器上报的实际数据内容中，表明数据对应的模板ID为258，根据模板对数据进行解析的结果为，报文顶层切片ID携带方式为在IPv6 Flow Label的后8比特携带，因此根据Flow Label取切片ID为127；报文第二层切片ID为129，切片ID类型为FA-ID。
如果存在二层以上的切片结构，则可以继续采用类似的方法定义networksliceID3、networksliceID4等相关新元素。
需要指出的是，本公开实施例中说明的数据结构和数据内容，并不限定实际传输格式，实际数据传输时，可能采用XML等其他格式，但数据结构和数据内容是一致的。
切片信息除了实施例中提及的切片标识类型，切片标识，切片标识在报文中携带位置外，还可以是和切片相关的其他报文内容或者设备本地表项中的内容，例如该切片对应的转发队列等，类似的，都需要定义新的元素或者元素类型携带用以上报相应的模板和数据。
为了便于理解本公开实施例，特对相关术语的缩写、英文全称及中文释义进行说明，表1为相关技术术语表，如表1所示：
表1
Figure PCTCN2022096437-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022096437-appb-000002
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到根据上述实施例的方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本公开各个实施例的方法。
在本实施例中还提供了一种切片信息的确定装置，图11是根据本公开实施例的切片信息的确定装置的结构框图一，如图11所示，该装置包括：
接收模块1102，设置为接收初始报文；
第一确定模块1104，设置为从预先配置的模板中确定出与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板，其中，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式；
生成模块1106，设置为基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文，其中，所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；
第一发送模块1108，设置为将所述目标报文发送给接收端，以指示所述接收端执行以下操作：基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述第一确定模块1104包括：比对单元，设置为将所述目标切片信息与第一模板中包含的第一切片信息进行比对，以得到比对结果，其中，所述第一模板为所述预先配置的模板中的任意一个模板，所述比对结果用于指示所述目标切片信息中是否包含所述第一切片信息；第一确定单元，设置为在所述比对结果指示所述目标切片信息包含所述第一切片信息的情况下，确定出所述第一模板为所述目标模板。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述装置还包括：第一比对模块，设置为在基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文之前，将所述目标模板与本地表项进行比对，以得到第二比对结果，其中，所述第二比对结果用于指示所述目标模板与所述本地表项是否匹配，所述本地表项用于记录报文与切片信息的对应关系；上述生成模块1106包括：生成单元，设置为在所述第二比对结果指示所述目标模板与所述本地表项匹配的情况下，基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成所述目标报文。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述装置还包括：第二发送模块，设置为在将所述目标报文发送给接收端之前，将所述目标模板发送给所述接收端；上述第一发送模块1108包括：发送单 元，设置为将携带有所述目标模板的标识的所述目标报文发送给所述接收端。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述目标切片信息包括以下至少之一：所述目标切片的切片标识类型；所述目标切片的切片标识；所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带位置；所述目标切片对应的切片转发表项的内容。
在本实施例中还提供了一种切片信息的确定装置，图12是根据本公开实施例的切片信息的确定装置的结构框图二，如图12所示，该装置包括：
第一获取模块1202，设置为获取来自发送端的目标报文，其中，所述目标报文为基于初始报文以及与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板所生成的，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式，且所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；
第二确定模块1204，设置为基于所述目标报文确定出所述目标模板；
第三确定模块1206，设置为基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述装置还包括：第二获取模块，设置为在获取来自发送端的目标报文之前，获取来自所述发送端的所述目标模板；上述第二确定模块1204包括：第二确定单元，设置为确定所述目标报文中携带的所述目标模板的标识信息，基于所述目标模板的标识信息确定出所述目标模板。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述第三确定模块1206包括：第三确定单元，设置为确定所述目标模板所包含的所述目标切片信息的目标格式；第四确定单元，设置为基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标报文中所包含的所述目标切片信息。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述目标切片信息包括以下至少之一：所述目标切片的切片标识类型；所述目标切片的切片标识；所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带位置；所述目标切片对应的切片转发表项的内容。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述第四确定单元包括以下至少之一：第一获取子单元，设置为在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以获取所述目标切片信息中包含的所述切片标识；第二获取子单元，设置为在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带方式的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析以获取所述目标切片信息，以及获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识；第三获取子单元，设置为在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带方式以及所述目标切片的切片标识字段的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识；第四获取子单元，设置为在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息为多层切片信息的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析以获取每层切片信息。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述装置还包括：第二比对模块，设置为在获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识之后，比对携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识是否一 致；第四确定模块，设置为在比对不一致的情况下，确定所述发送端的本地表项异常，其中，所述切片标识字段为发送端基于所述本地表项所确定的。
需要说明的是，上述各个模块是可以通过软件或硬件来实现的，对于后者，可以通过以下方式实现，但不限于此：上述模块均位于同一处理器中；或者，上述各个模块以任意组合的形式分别位于不同的处理器中。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，该计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
在一个示例性实施例中，上述计算机可读存储介质可以包括但不限于：U盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，简称为ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，简称为RAM)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储计算机程序的介质。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，该存储器中存储有计算机程序，该处理器被设置为运行计算机程序以执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
在一个示例性实施例中，上述电子装置还可以包括传输设备以及输入输出设备，其中，该传输设备和上述处理器连接，该输入输出设备和上述处理器连接。
本实施例中的具体示例可以参考上述实施例及示例性实施方式中所描述的示例，本实施例在此不再赘述。
通过本公开提供的实施例，可以实现对IPFIX的机制进行扩展，使其能够支持在采集报文携带相关的切片信息，从而可以以切片维度对流量进行统计和监控等操作，可实现支持单层以及层次化的网络切片结构的目的，还可实现支持切片信息在报文中携带、在本地表项中携带、在报文和本地表项中同时携带等多种切片信息携带方式下的信息采集的目的，进一步的，还可以支持报文中的切片标识和本地表项中切片标识的对比。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本公开的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本公开不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本公开的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种切片信息的确定方法，包括：
    接收初始报文；
    从预先配置的模板中确定出与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板，其中，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式；
    基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文，其中，所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；
    将所述目标报文发送给接收端，以指示所述接收端执行以下操作：基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，从预先配置的模板中确定出与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板包括：
    将所述目标切片信息与第一模板中包含的第一切片信息进行比对，以得到比对结果，其中，所述第一模板为所述预先配置的模板中的任意一个模板，所述比对结果用于指示所述目标切片信息中是否包含所述第一切片信息；
    在所述比对结果指示所述目标切片信息包含所述第一切片信息的情况下，确定出所述第一模板为所述目标模板。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
    在基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文之前，所述方法还包括：将所述目标模板与本地表项进行比对，以得到第二比对结果，其中，所述第二比对结果用于指示所述目标模板与所述本地表项是否匹配，所述本地表项用于记录报文与切片信息的对应关系；
    基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文包括：在所述第二比对结果指示所述目标模板与所述本地表项匹配的情况下，基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成所述目标报文。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
    将所述目标报文发送给接收端之前，所述方法还包括：将所述目标模板发送给所述接收端；
    将所述目标报文发送给接收端包括：将携带有所述目标模板的标识的所述目标报文发送给所述接收端。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述目标切片信息包括以下至少之一：
    所述目标切片的切片标识类型；
    所述目标切片的切片标识；
    所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带位置；
    所述目标切片对应的切片转发表项的内容。
  6. 一种切片信息的确定方法，包括：
    获取来自发送端的目标报文，其中，所述目标报文为基于初始报文以及与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板所生成的，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式，且所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；
    基于所述目标报文确定出所述目标模板；
    基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，
    在获取来自发送端的目标报文之前，所述方法还包括：获取来自所述发送端的所述目标模板；
    基于所述目标报文确定出所述目标模板包括：确定所述目标报文中携带的所述目标模板的标识信息，基于所述目标模板的标识信息确定出所述目标模板。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息包括：
    确定所述目标模板所包含的所述目标切片信息的目标格式；
    基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标报文中所包含的所述目标切片信息。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述目标切片信息包括以下至少之一：
    所述目标切片的切片标识类型；
    所述目标切片的切片标识；
    所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带位置；
    所述目标切片对应的切片转发表项的内容。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标报文中所包含的所述目标切片信息包括以下至少之一：
    在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以获取所述目标切片信息中包含的所述切片标识；
    在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目标报文中的携带方式的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析以获取所述目标切片信息，以及获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识；
    在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息中包含所述目标切片的切片标识在所述目 标报文中的携带方式以及所述目标切片的切片标识字段的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析，以获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识；
    在所述目标格式用于指示所述目标切片信息为多层切片信息的情况下，基于所述目标格式对所述目标报文进行解析以获取每层切片信息。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，在获取通过所述携带方式携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识之后，所述方法还包括：
    比对携带在所述目标报文中的所述切片标识以及所述切片标识字段所指示的切片标识是否一致；
    在比对不一致的情况下，确定所述发送端的本地表项异常，其中，所述切片标识字段为发送端基于所述本地表项所确定的。
  12. 一种切片信息的确定装置，包括：
    接收模块，设置为接收初始报文；
    第一确定模块，设置为从预先配置的模板中确定出与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板，其中，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式；
    生成模块，设置为基于所述初始报文以及所述目标模板生成目标报文，其中，所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；
    第一发送模块，设置为将所述目标报文发送给接收端，以指示所述接收端执行以下操作：基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
  13. 一种切片信息的确定装置，包括：
    第一获取模块，设置为获取来自发送端的目标报文，其中，所述目标报文为基于初始报文以及与所述初始报文匹配的目标模板所生成的，所述目标模板包含与所述初始报文关联的目标切片的目标切片信息的目标格式，且所述目标报文中包含有与所述目标格式一致的所述目标切片信息；
    第二确定模块，设置为基于所述目标报文确定出所述目标模板；
    第三确定模块，设置为基于所述目标模板对所述目标报文进行解析，以确定出所述目标切片信息。
  14. 一种计算机可读的存储介质，所述计算机可读的存储介质包括存储的程序，其中，所述程序运行时执行上述权利要求1至5或6至11中任一项所述的方法。
  15. 一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器中存储有计算机程序，所述处理器被设置为通过所述计算机程序执行所述权利要求1至5或6至11中任一项所述的方法。
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