WO2022262516A1 - 连接子及其缀合物 - Google Patents

连接子及其缀合物 Download PDF

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WO2022262516A1
WO2022262516A1 PCT/CN2022/093808 CN2022093808W WO2022262516A1 WO 2022262516 A1 WO2022262516 A1 WO 2022262516A1 CN 2022093808 W CN2022093808 W CN 2022093808W WO 2022262516 A1 WO2022262516 A1 WO 2022262516A1
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subscript
integer
ligand
drug conjugate
unit
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PCT/CN2022/093808
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吕海宁
王英召
刘长茹
刘艳玲
唐胜
李春侠
翟明胜
杨九泉
刘波静
李红云
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北京海步医药科技有限公司
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Priority to CN202280042841.1A priority Critical patent/CN117500528A/zh
Publication of WO2022262516A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022262516A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/51Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
    • A61K47/68Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/18Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of biomedicine, in particular to a linker and a conjugate thereof.
  • antibody-drug conjugates link monoclonal antibodies or antibody fragments with biologically active cytotoxins through stable chemical linker compounds, making full use of the ability of antibodies to bind to surface antigens on normal cells and tumor cells.
  • ADCs antibody drug conjugates
  • Camptothecin is a family of water-soluble cytotoxic quinoline alkaloids isolated from Camptotheca acuminata (Camptotheca, Happy tree), a tree native to Cambodia, China . Camptothecin inhibits the DNase topoisomerase I. Topoisomerase I is an endoenzyme that non-covalently binds to torsional stretched supercoiled double-stranded DNA, producing transient single-strand breaks in the DNA molecule (named "cleavable complex"). This allows passage of intact complementary DNA strands during replication, transcription, recombination, and other DNA functions.
  • This enzyme-bridging DNA break termed the cleavable complex, is then resealed by the topoisomerase I enzyme. Dissociation by the enzyme restores the intact new relaxed DNA double helix.
  • ADCs antibody-drug conjugates
  • Camptothecin as an anti-tumor clinical drug, has advantages in terms of toxicity and side effects compared with other highly active drugs used in ADCs.
  • increase the drug loading of ADCs to increase ADC Targeted release of drug in vivo is a reasonable choice, but camptothecin and most other ADC-conjugated drugs are lipophilic molecules.
  • ADC When using traditional linkers, ADC will be unstable and The phenomenon of aggregation and sedimentation.
  • the lipophilicity is too high, it will lead to rapid metabolic elimination in the liver and other metabolic organs in the body, resulting in poor PK properties.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a novel linker, its preparation method and its use in the preparation of linker-drug conjugates and antibody-drug conjugates.
  • the linker of the present application can increase the drug loading, thereby improving the drug delivery efficiency, and at the same time, the ligand-drug conjugate prepared by using the linker is not easy to aggregate and settle, and shows good anti-tumor activity in vivo and in vitro, thus indirectly revealing the use of
  • the ligand-drug conjugate prepared by the linker has good in vivo stability and PK properties.
  • the application provides a kind of linker, it comprises Lb structure fragment, wherein Lb structure is selected from following formula:
  • subscript q is any integer selected from 1-20, preferably 3-10, most preferably 5-8.
  • it comprises a Lb-Lc structural fragment, the Lb structure is linked to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group, wherein Lc is a releasable assembly unit and Lc is capable of linking to a drug unit.
  • the Lc structure is connected to the carbonyl of the Lb structure through an amine group, and Lc can be connected to the drug unit through a carbonyl group.
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit, the Lc structure is connected to the carbonyl of the Lb structure through the amine group, and the Lc can be connected to the drug unit through the carbonyl group.
  • the subscript t is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group.
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4, and the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group.
  • the La structure includes a maleamide-based linker fragment.
  • R' is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 - C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl and C 1 -C 10 alkyl-aryl
  • R" is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl; wherein the substituents are selected from: amino, halogen, nitro, hydroxyl, acetyl, cyano, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 10 haloalkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, amido, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 heterocycloalkyl; wherein the subscript n is
  • R" is selected from: methyl, ethyl or isopropyl
  • the La structure is connected to the B or Lb structural fragment through a carbonyl group, and can pass through the 3-position of succinimide/succinamide Ligand unit attached.
  • R" is selected from methyl, ethyl and isopropyl, the subscript s is selected from any integer from 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 5, and the La structure is connected to the B or Lb structural fragment through a carbonyl group .
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit that can be linked to a drug unit.
  • linker is selected from the following structures:
  • R' is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl and C 1 -C 10 alkyl-aryl
  • R" is optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl; wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of: amino, halogen, nitro, hydroxyl, acetyl, cyano, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkane Oxygen, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 10 haloalkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, amido, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C Heterocycloalkyl ; wherein subscript n is selected from any integer in 1-10, preferably 1-5, most preferably 1-3;
  • linker is selected from the following structures:
  • R is selected from methyl, ethyl and isopropyl
  • each subscript s is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 10
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • Each subscript t is independently selected from any integer in 1-4
  • each subscript q is independently selected from any integer in 1-20, preferably 3-10, most preferably 5-8.
  • linker is selected from the following structures:
  • R is selected from methyl, ethyl and isopropyl
  • each subscript s is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 10
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • Each subscript q is independently selected from any integer of 1-20, preferably 3-10, most preferably 5-8.
  • the present application provides the use of the aforementioned linker in the preparation of a drug, and the drug includes a linker-drug conjugate or a ligand-drug conjugate.
  • the present application provides a linker-drug conjugate comprising the aforementioned linker, which has the structure shown in formula (II):
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • D is a drug unit.
  • the linker-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IIa) or formula (IIb):
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the drug unit D includes a detectable marker, drug, cytokine, enzyme, or a combination thereof.
  • the Drug unit D comprises an inhibitor of the DNA enzyme topoisomerase I (topoI).
  • the drug unit D includes camptothecin and its derivatives.
  • the linker-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (III):
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the linker-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IIIa) or formula (IIIb):
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the camptothecin and its derivatives include 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin and its derivatives.
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, acyl and optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen
  • amino and R 4 and R 5 are respectively selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and optionally substituted aryl.
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • R 2 is selected from ethyl
  • R 4 and R 5 are respectively selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl and optionally substituted aryl.
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • camptothecin and derivatives thereof are selected from the group consisting of: camptothecin, ixinotecan, topotecan, irinotecan, belotecan, letotecan ( GG-211), CKD-602, gematecan (ST1481), karenitecin (BNP-1350), BN-80915, hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), 9-aminocamptothecin, 9-nitrocamptothecin , 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), 7-ethyl-10-difluoromethylcamptothecin and their derivatives.
  • camptothecin and its derivatives are selected from camptothecin, ixitecan, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, 7-ethyl-10-difluoromethane Basecamptothecin and their solvates, hydrates, stereoisomers, tautomers, isotope labels, metabolites, prodrugs, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the linker-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IVa), formula (IVb), formula (IVc), or formula (IVd):
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the ligand-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit.
  • the present application provides a ligand-drug conjugate comprising the aforementioned linker or the aforementioned linker-drug conjugate, which has a structure shown in formula (V):
  • L is a ligand unit, wherein the subscript n is any integer selected from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • D is a drug unit.
  • L is a ligand unit, wherein the subscript n is any integer selected from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • D is a drug unit.
  • the Drug unit D comprises a cytotoxic and/or cytostatic agent.
  • the Drug unit D comprises a cytotoxic agent for the treatment of cancer.
  • the Drug unit D includes an inhibitor of the DNA enzyme topoisomerase I (topo I).
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (VI):
  • L is a ligand unit, and the subscript n is any integer selected from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (VIa) or formula (VIb):
  • L is a ligand unit, wherein the subscript n is any integer selected from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the camptothecin and its derivatives include 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin and its derivatives.
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and the binding site of R 1 is any one of the three unsubstituted positions on the benzene ring;
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, acyl and optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl.
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, acyl and optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen
  • amino and R 4 and R 5 are respectively selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and optionally substituted aryl.
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • R 2 is selected from ethyl
  • R 4 and R 5 are respectively selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and optionally substituted aryl.
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • camptothecin and derivatives thereof are selected from the group consisting of: camptothecin, ixinotecan, topotecan, irinotecan, belotecan, letotecan (GG- 211), CKD-602, gematecan (ST1481), karenitecin (BNP-1350), BN-80915, hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), 9-aminocamptothecin, 9-nitrocamptothecin, 7 -Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), 7-ethyl-10-difluoromethylcamptothecin and their derivatives.
  • camptothecin and its derivatives are selected from camptothecin, ixitecan, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, 7-ethyl-10-difluoromethane Basecamptothecin and their solvates, hydrates, stereoisomers, tautomers, isotope labels, metabolites, prodrugs, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has a structure shown in formula (VIIa), formula (VIIb), formula (VIIc), or formula (VIId):
  • L is a ligand unit, and the subscript n is any integer selected from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • L is a ligand unit, and the subscript n is any integer selected from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit.
  • the ligand comprises an antibody
  • antibodies include monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, dimers, multimers, multispecific antibodies, intact antibodies, antibody fragments, human antibodies, humanized antibodies, chimeric antibodies or antibodies from other species.
  • the antibody fragments include: Fab, Fab', F(ab')2, Fv fragment, scFv antibody fragment, linear antibody, single domain antibody (such as sdAB), camelid VHH domain , or multispecific antibodies formed from antibody fragments.
  • the antibodies include modified or unmodified analogs and derivatives that allow the antibodies to retain their antigen-binding immunospecificity.
  • the antibody or antibody fragment has the requisite number of drug-linker attachment points.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (VIII):
  • Ab represents an antibody, wherein the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (VIIIa) or formula (VIIIb):
  • Ab represents an antibody, and the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • D is a drug unit.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IX):
  • Ab represents an antibody, and the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • B is an optional branching unit, subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IXa) or formula (IXb):
  • Ab represents an antibody, and the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has a structure represented by formula (Xa), (Xb), (Xc) or (Xd):
  • Ab represents an antibody, and the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the ligand-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • Ab represents an antibody, and the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • R' is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl and C 1 -C 10 alkyl-aryl, wherein the substituents are selected from From: amino, halogen, nitro, hydroxyl, acetyl, cyano, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 10 haloalkyl , C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, amido, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 heterocycloalkyl;
  • Each subscript t is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4,
  • Each subscript q is independently selected from any integer in 1-20, preferably 3-10, most preferably 5-8;
  • n is selected from any integer in 1-8, preferably 4-8.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • Each subscript s is independently selected from any integer in 1-10, preferably 1-5;
  • Each subscript q is selected from any integer in 1-20, preferably 3-10, most preferably 5-8;
  • Each subscript r is selected from any integer from 1 to 4.
  • n is selected from any integer in 1-8, preferably 4-8.
  • the ligand comprises a monoclonal antibody (mAb) or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
  • mAb monoclonal antibody
  • the ligand-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • mAb represents a monoclonal antibody.
  • the ligand is targeted for binding to a tumor antigen.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate wherein the ligand targets binding receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ERBB2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), TROP2 and /or FGFR2b.
  • HER2 receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ERBB2
  • EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
  • TROP2 and /or FGFR2b.
  • the ligands include anti-HER2 antibodies, anti-EGFR antibodies, anti-TROP2 antibodies and anti-FGFR2b antibodies.
  • the anti-HER2 antibody comprises trastuzumab, pertuzumab or inetetamab.
  • the anti-TROP2 antibody comprises sacituzumab.
  • the anti-FGFR2b antibody comprises Bemarituzumab.
  • the anti-EGFR antibody comprises Cetuximab, Panitumumab, Necitumumab or Nimotuzumab.
  • the present application provides a method for preparing the ligand-drug conjugate, which comprises conjugating the antibody to the aforementioned linker or the aforementioned linker-drug conjugate.
  • the present application provides the use of the aforementioned linker-drug conjugate or the aforementioned ligand-drug conjugate in the preparation of a drug, wherein the drug is used to treat a disease that overexpresses a tumor antigen.
  • the tumor antigens include HER2, EGFR, TROP2 and/or FGFR2b.
  • the disease overexpressing a tumor antigen comprises a tumor.
  • the diseases overexpressing tumor antigens include tumors expressing HER2, EGFR, TROP2 and/or FGFR2b.
  • cancer comprises lymphoma, leukemia or solid tumors.
  • the cancer comprises a cancer with upregulated expression and/or activity of HER2.
  • the cancer comprises a cancer with upregulated expression and/or activity of EGFR.
  • the cancer comprises a cancer with upregulated expression and/or activity of TROP2.
  • the cancer comprises a cancer with upregulated expression and/or activity of FGFR2b.
  • the cancer comprises lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, urothelial cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, salivary gland cancer, gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, biliary tract cancer, Paget disease, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, or uterine carcinosarcoma.
  • the present application provides the use of the aforementioned linker-drug conjugate or the aforementioned ligand-drug conjugate in treating cancer.
  • the present application provides a pharmaceutical composition, which comprises the aforementioned linker-drug conjugate or the aforementioned ligand-drug conjugate, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the present application provides a method for treating a disease or disorder, the method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of the aforementioned linker-drug conjugate, the aforementioned ligand-drug conjugate or the aforementioned pharmaceutical composition.
  • the disease or condition comprises cancer
  • the present application provides a method for inhibiting the activity of cancer cells or killing cancer cells, the method comprising combining cancer cells with an effective amount of the aforementioned linker-drug conjugate, the aforementioned ligand-drug conjugate Or contact with the aforementioned pharmaceutical composition.
  • the present application provides a kit comprising the aforementioned linker-drug conjugate, the aforementioned ligand-drug conjugate or the aforementioned pharmaceutical composition, optionally comprising an additional therapeutic agent.
  • FIG. 1A to Figure 1B show the SEC detection results of the antibody-drug conjugate Tr-1b described in this application.
  • Figure 2 shows the RPLC detection results of the antibody-drug conjugate Tr-1b described in this application.
  • Figure 3 shows the effect curve of the antibody-drug conjugate Tr-1b described in this application on SK-BR-3 cells.
  • Figure 4 shows the effect curve of the antibody-drug conjugate Tr-1b described in this application on NCI-N87 cells.
  • Figure 5 shows the effect curve of the antibody-drug conjugate Sa-1b described in this application on MDA-MB-468 cells.
  • Figure 6 shows the effect curve of the antibody-drug conjugate Sa-1b described in this application on SNU216 cells.
  • Figure 7 shows the effect curve of the antibody-drug conjugate Sa-1b described in this application on NCI-H1650 cells.
  • Figure 8 shows the effect curve of the antibody-drug conjugate Sa-1b described in this application on NCI-H596 cells.
  • Figure 9 shows the effect curve of the antibody-drug conjugate Be-1b described in this application on SNU16 cells.
  • Figure 10 shows the effect curve of the antibody-drug conjugate Be-1b described in this application on OCUM-2M cells.
  • Figure 11 shows the tumor inhibitory effect of the antibody-drug conjugate Tr-1b described in this application on the NCI-N87 model of human gastric cancer cells.
  • antibody is generally used in the broadest sense and specifically covers monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, dimers, multimers, multispecific antibodies (e.g., bispecific antibodies), and antibody fragments as long as they show the desired biological activity (Miller et al (2003) Jour. of Immunology 170:4854-4861).
  • the native form of antibodies is usually tetrameric and consists of two identical pairs of immunoglobulin chains, each pair having one light chain and one heavy chain. In each pair, the light and heavy chain variable regions (VL and VH) together are primarily responsible for binding to the antigen.
  • the light and heavy chain variable domains consist of framework regions interrupted by three hypervariable regions (also called “complementarity determining regions” or “CDRs”).
  • CDRs complementarity determining regions
  • the constant region is recognized by and interacts with the immune system.
  • Antibodies can be of any type (eg, IgG, IgE, IgM, IgD, and IgA), class (eg, IgGl, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgAl, and IgA2) or subclass.
  • Antibodies can be derived from any suitable species. In some embodiments, the antibodies are human or murine.
  • Antibodies can be, for example, human, humanized or chimeric antibodies.
  • the term “monoclonal antibody” generally refers to an antibody obtained from a population of substantially homogeneous antibodies (i.e., the individual antibodies comprising the population are identical except for possible naturally occurring mutations that may be present in minor amounts) . Monoclonal antibodies are highly specific, targeting a single antigenic site. The modifier “monoclonal” indicates that the antibody has acquired this characteristic from a substantially homogeneous population of antibodies and should not be construed as requiring that the antibody be produced by any particular method.
  • a “whole antibody” is generally an antibody comprising an antigen-binding variable region as well as a light chain constant domain (CL) and a heavy chain constant domain CH1, CH2, CH3 and CH4.
  • the constant domain may be a native sequence constant domain (eg, a human native sequence constant domain) or an amino acid sequence variant thereof.
  • an "antibody fragment” generally comprises a portion of an intact antibody, including its antigen-binding or variable region.
  • antibody fragments include Fab, Fab', F(ab') 2 and Fv fragments, diabodies, triabodies, tetrabodies, linear antibodies, single chain antibody molecules, scFv, scFv-Fc, composed of one or more A multispecific antibody fragment formed from individual antibody fragments, one or more fragments produced by a Fab expression library, or an epitope-binding fragment of any of the above that binds to a target antigen (e.g., cancer cell antigen, virus antigen or microbial antigen) immunospecific binding.
  • a target antigen e.g., cancer cell antigen, virus antigen or microbial antigen
  • the term "antigen" generally refers to the entity to which an antibody specifically binds.
  • the terms “specifically binds” and “specifically binds” mean that an antibody or antibody derivative will bind in a highly selective manner to the corresponding epitope of its target antigen without binding to various other antigens.
  • the antibody or antibody derivative binds with an affinity of at least about 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 M, preferably 10 ⁇ 8 M to 10 ⁇ 9 M, 10 ⁇ 10 M, 10 ⁇ 11 M or 10 ⁇ 12 M, and compares it to Non-specific antigens other than the intended antigen or closely related antigens (eg, BSA, casein) bind with an affinity at least two times greater than the intended antigen.
  • tumor generally refers to all neoplastic cell growth and proliferation, whether malignant or benign, and to all pre-cancerous and cancerous cells and tissues.
  • the tumor may include solid tumor and/or hematological tumor.
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • cancer cancer
  • tumor antigen generally includes meanings known in the art, which include expression on tumor cells (or associated with tumor cell development), known or believed to have an effect on the tumorigenic properties of tumor cells any molecule. Many tumor antigens are known in the art. Whether a molecule is a tumor antigen can also be determined according to techniques and assays well known to those skilled in the art, such as clonogenic assays, transformation assays, in vitro or in vivo tumor formation assays, gel shift assays (gel shift assays) migration assay), gene knockout analysis, etc.
  • tumor antigen may refer to human transmembrane proteins, cell membrane proteins anchored in the lipid bilayer of cells.
  • a human transmembrane protein as used herein will generally comprise an "extracellular domain” that can bind ligands, a lipophilic transmembrane domain, a conserved intracellular domain such as a tyrosine kinase domain, and several Phosphorylated tyrosine residues in the carboxy-terminal signaling domain.
  • Tumor antigens include molecules such as EGFR, HER2, HER3, HER4, EpCAM, CEA, TRAIL, TRAIL receptor 1, TRAIL receptor 2, lymphotoxin beta receptor, CCR4, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD28, CD33, CD40, CD80 , CSF-1R, CTLA-4, fibroblast activation protein (FAP), hepsin, melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (MCSP), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), VEGF receptor 1, VEGF Receptor 2, IGF1-R, TSLP-R, TIE-1, TIE-2, TNF- ⁇ , TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), or IL-1R.
  • FAP fibroblast activation protein
  • MCSP melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan
  • PSMA prostate-specific membrane antigen
  • VEGF receptor 1 VEGF Re
  • ErbB1 ErbB1
  • HER1 epidermal growth factor receptor
  • EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
  • ErbB2 and "HER2” are used interchangeably herein and generally refer to e.g. 1986) human HER2 protein (Genebank Accession No. X03363).
  • the extracellular domain of "HER2” usually consists of four domains: Domain I (approximately 1-195 amino acid residues), domain II (approximately 196-319 amino acid residues), domain III (approximately -amino acid residue 488) and domain IV (approximately amino acid residues 489-630) (residue numbering excluding signal peptide). See Garrett et al., Mol. Cell.
  • cytotoxic agent or “cytotoxic agent” generally refers to a substance that has cytotoxic activity and causes damage to cells.
  • the term is intended to include radioisotopes, chemotherapeutic agents, and toxins (eg, small molecule toxins or enzymatically active toxins of bacterial, fungal, plant or animal origin), including synthetic analogs and derivatives thereof.
  • cytotoxic activity generally refers to the cell killing effect of intracellular metabolites of a drug such as a camptothecin conjugate. Cytotoxic activity can be expressed as an IC50 value, which is the concentration per unit volume (molar or mass) at which half of the cells survive.
  • cytostatic agent or “cytostatic agent” generally refers to a substance having cytostatic activity, including a substance that inhibits cell growth or proliferation. Cytostatics include inhibitors such as protein inhibitors, eg enzyme inhibitors. Cytostatics have cytostatic activity.
  • cytostatic activity generally refers to the antiproliferative effect of intracellular metabolites of a drug such as a camptothecin conjugate.
  • camptothecin generally refers to pyrroloquinoline cytotoxic alkaloids, which are composed of quinoline ring AB, pyrrole ring C, pyridone ring D and ⁇ -hydroxylactone ring E, wherein 20-
  • the bit is in S configuration, and its structure is as follows:
  • 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compounds generally refers to camptothecin derivatives (CN201810497805) that have a difluoromethyl substitution at the 10-position of camptothecin, which is incorporated by reference Incorporated into this application in its entirety.
  • camptothecin In this application, the terms “camptothecin”, “ixitecan”, “topotecan”, “irinotecan”, “”, “belotecan”, “letotecan”, “CKD -602”, “Gimatecan”, “karenitecin”, “BN-80915”, “Hydroxycamptothecin”, “9-aminocamptothecin”, “9-nitrocamptothecin”, “7- "Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin”, “7-ethyl-10-difluoromethylcamptothecin”, are used according to their ordinary and ordinary meanings as understood in the art.
  • the term "pharmaceutically acceptable” ingredient generally refers to a substance suitable for use in humans and/or animals without undue adverse side effects (such as toxicity, irritation and allergic reactions), i.e. having a reasonable benefit/risk ratio .
  • solvate generally refers to the association (assocI-Btion) or complex (complex) of one or more solvent molecules and the compound of the present application.
  • solvate-forming solvents include, but are not limited to, water, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, DMSO, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, and ethanolamine.
  • hydrate generally refers to complexes in which the solvent molecule is water.
  • optical isomer or “stereoisomer” generally refers to compounds having the same chemical composition but differing in the arrangement of atoms or groups in space, including any of the various stereoisomers that may exist types, including geometric isomers. It is understood that substituents may be attached to chiral centers on carbon atoms.
  • chiral refers to a molecule that has the characteristic of non-overlapping properties with its mirror image pair, while the term “achiral” refers to a molecule capable of superimposability with its mirror image pair. Accordingly, the present invention includes enantiomers, diastereomers or racemates of the compounds.
  • Enantiomers are a pair of stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other. A 1:1 mixture of a pair of enantiomers is a “racemic” mixture. Where appropriate, the term is used to designate racemic mixtures.
  • “Diastereoisomers” are stereoisomers that have at least two asymmetric atoms, but which are not mirror images of each other. The absolute stereochemistry is stated according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog R-S system. The stereochemistry of each chiral carbon can be assigned as R or S when the compound is a pure enantiomer.
  • Resolved compounds of unknown absolute configuration can be assigned (+) or ( ⁇ ) according to the direction in which they rotate plane polarized light at the wavelength of the sodium D line (dextrorotation or levorotation).
  • Certain compounds described herein contain one or more asymmetric centers or axes and thus can give rise to enantiomers, diastereoisomers and other stereoisomeric forms which can be designated according to absolute stereochemistry as ( R)- or (S)-.
  • tautomer generally refers to structural isomers with different energies, which are interconvertible via a low energy barrier.
  • proton tautomers also known as prototropic isomers
  • Valence tautomers involve interconversion by recombination of some of the bonding electrons.
  • isotope generally includes atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
  • isotopes that may be incorporated into the compounds described herein and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, fluorine, iodine, and chlorine, e.g., 2 H, 3 H , 11 C, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 17 O, 18 O, 31 P, 32 P, 35 S, 18 F, 36 Cl, 123 I and 125 I.
  • the subject matter disclosed herein may also include isotopically labeled forms of the compounds described herein.
  • the term "metabolite” generally refers to a product produced by metabolizing a specific compound or a salt thereof in vivo. Metabolites of compounds can be identified using routine techniques known in the art, and their activity can be determined using assays as described herein. Such products may result, for example, from oxidation, hydroxylation, reduction, hydrolysis, amidation, deamidation, esterification, deesterification, enzymatic cleavage, etc., of the administered compound. Accordingly, the present application may also encompass metabolites of the compounds of the present application, including compounds produced by a method comprising contacting a compound of the present application with a mammal for a period of time sufficient to produce a metabolite thereof.
  • prodrug or “prodrug” generally refers to a compound that is a prodrug, which, when administered to a subject, undergoes a chemical transformation through a metabolic or chemical process to obtain a compound of the present application or a salt thereof .
  • Information about prodrugs is well known in the art (see, eg, Berge et al. (1977) "Pharmaceutical Salts", J. Pharm. Sci. 66:1-19).
  • the term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to a salt that can maintain the biological effects and properties of the compound of the present application, and the salt generally has no biological or other disadvantages. It includes pharmaceutically acceptable organic or inorganic salts, exemplary salts include but are not limited to sulfates, citrates, acetates, oxalates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, nitrates, bisulfates , Phosphate, Acid Phosphate, Isonicotinate, Lactate, Salicylate, Acid Citrate, Tartrate, Oleate, Tanninate, Pantothenate, Bitartrate, Ascorbic Acid Salt, succinate, maleate, gentisate, fumarate, gluconate, glucuronate, saccharate, formate, benzoate, glutamate, methanesulfonate salt, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, p-toluene
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable salt may involve the inclusion of another molecule such as acetate, succinate or other counterion.
  • the counterion can be any organic or inorganic moiety which stabilizes the charge on the parent compound.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts can have more than one charged atom in their structure. In instances where multiple charged atoms are part of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, the salt can have multiple counterions. Thus, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt may have one or more charged atoms and/or one or more counterions.
  • linker or “linker unit” generally refers to a bifunctional moiety that links a drug (such as camptothecin) to a Ligand unit in a drug-ligand conjugate.
  • the linker unit of the present application has several components (eg, in some embodiments, it has an extension unit of a basic unit; a branch unit, which may or may not be present; a spacer unit; a releasable assembly unit).
  • PEG polyethylene glycol
  • PEG unit polyethylene glycol
  • polyethylene glycol is an organic moiety composed of repeating ethylene-oxyl subunits and may be polydisperse, monodisperse or discrete ( That is, having a discrete number of ethylene-oxyl subunits).
  • Polydisperse PEGs are a heterogeneous mixture of sizes and molecular weights, while monodisperse PEGs are usually purified from heterogeneous mixtures and thus have a single chain length and molecular weight.
  • the PEG units of the present application may comprise one or more polyethylene glycol chains, each polyethylene glycol chain consisting of one or more ethyleneoxy subunits covalently linked to each other.
  • the polyethylene glycol chains may be linked together, for example, in a linear, branched or star configuration.
  • the terminal ethyleneoxy subunits of each polyethylene glycol chain that are not covalently linked to the remainder of the linker unit are modified with a PEG capping unit, typically an optionally substituted alkyl Such as -CH3 , CH2CH3 or CH2CH2CO2H .
  • the PEG unit has a single polyethylene glycol chain with 1 to 20 -CH2CH2O- subunits covalently linked in series and terminated at one end by a PEG capping unit.
  • the term "optionally substituted” means that the group in question may be substituted or unsubstituted.
  • the substituents of an "optionally substituted” group may include, but are not limited to, one or more substituents independently selected from the following groups or a specified group of groups, alone or in combination: alkyl , alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, mercapto, cyano, halogen, carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, isocyanato, thiocyanate groups, isothiocyanato groups, nitro groups, perhaloalkyl groups, and amino groups including mono- and di-substituted amino groups, and protected derivatives thereof.
  • C 1-3 alkoxy C 3-8 cycloalkyl C 1-6 alkyl refers to C 1-6 alkyl, It is substituted by C 3-8 cycloalkyl, and the C 3-8 cycloalkyl is substituted by C 1-3 alkoxy, for example: the structural formula of methoxycyclobutylmethyl is:
  • Cx - Cy or " Cxy”
  • x is the minimum number of carbon atoms in the substituent and y is the maximum number.
  • C 1 -C 6 alkyl or “C 1-6 alkyl” refers to an alkyl substituent containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl refers to a saturated cycloalkyl group containing 3 to 6 carbon ring atoms.
  • cycloalkyl generally refers to a saturated monocyclic ring hydrocarbon group. Monocyclic rings generally contain 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of cycloalkyl include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptyl, and the like.
  • heterocyclyl or “heterocyclic ring” usually refers to the structure of the ring containing at least one heteroatom, which can be, for example, meaning 1 or more than one randomly selected from O, S and N Non-aromatic heterocyclic groups, bicyclic heterocyclic groups and polycyclic heterocyclic groups with the same or different heteroatoms.
  • aryl generally refers to a hydrocarbonaceous monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic ring system wherein such rings may be fused. If the rings are fused, one of the rings must be fully unsaturated, and the fused ring may be fully saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated.
  • fused means that a second ring shares (ie, shares) two adjacent atoms with the first ring and exists (ie, is attached or formed).
  • aryl includes aromatic groups such as phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, indanyl, biphenyl, 4-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl, 2,3-dihydro-1H Indenyl and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl.
  • heteroaryl generally refers to an aromatic group (e.g., pyrrolyl, pyridyl, , pyrazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, triazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, purine group, benzimidazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolyl, benzothienyl, benzoxazolyl, 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazolyl, etc.).
  • aromatic group e.g., pyrrolyl, pyridyl, , pyrazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, thienyl, furyl, benzofuryl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, triazinyl
  • Heteroaromatic groups can consist of single or fused ring systems.
  • Typical single heteroaryl rings are 5- to 6-membered rings containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms independently selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen, and typical fused heteroaryl ring systems are 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently A 9- to 10-membered ring system of heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.
  • Fused heteroaryl ring systems can consist of two heteroaryl rings fused together, or of a heteroaryl group fused to an aryl group (eg, phenyl).
  • the wedge-shaped solid line bond is usually used and dotted wedge keys Indicates the absolute configuration of a stereocenter, with a straight solid-line bond and straight dashed keys Indicates the relative configuration of the stereocenter.
  • all appearing compounds are intended to include all possible optical isomers, such as single chiral compounds, or mixtures (ie racemates) of various chiral compounds.
  • each chiral carbon atom may optionally be in R configuration or S configuration, or a mixture of R and S configurations.
  • the term "carrier” may include pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or stabilizers that are nontoxic to cells or mammals at the dosages and concentrations used.
  • the physiologically acceptable carrier is usually a pH buffered aqueous solution.
  • physiologically acceptable carriers include buffers, such as phosphate, citrate, and other organic acids; antioxidants, including ascorbic acid; low molecular weight (less than about 10 residues) polypeptides; proteins, such as serum white Proteins, gelatin or immunoglobulins; hydrophilic polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone; amino acids such as glycine, glutamine, asparagine, arginine or lysine; monosaccharides, disaccharides and other carbohydrates , including glucose, mannose, or dextrin; chelating agents such as EDTA; sugar alcohols such as mannitol or sorbitol; salt-forming counterions such as sodium; and/or nonionic surfactants such as TWEENT
  • abnormal generally refers to a deviation from a standard, such as an average healthy subject or cell and/or a population of average healthy subjects or cells.
  • abnormal expression refers to abnormal expression of a gene product (eg, RNA, protein, polypeptide or peptide) in a cell or subject compared to normal healthy cells or subjects and/or a population of normal healthy cells or subjects. This abnormal expression can be the result of gene amplification or suppression of gene expression.
  • "abnormal expression” of DNase topoisomerase I refers to increased, decreased or inappropriate expression of DNase topoisomerase I.
  • abnormal activity refers to a deviation from the normal activity of the DNase topoisomerase I in healthy cells or subjects and/or a population of normal healthy cells or subjects.
  • up-regulation of expression generally refers to an increase in the expression of a nucleic acid at the mRNA level or an increase in the expression of a polypeptide.
  • the term may also refer to post-translational modifications required for increased polypeptide activity and/or function, such as addition of sugar moieties, phosphorylation, and the like.
  • inhibitor generally refers to those known in the art and relate to the ability to completely or partially prevent or reduce the physiological function (ie activity) of one or more specific proteins (such as topoisomerase I). compounds/substances. Inhibitors are also referred to as "antagonists.” In the context of the present invention, an inhibitor of topoisomerase I prevents or reduces or inhibits or inactivates the physiological activity of topoisomerase I.
  • topoisomerase I inhibitor examples include, but are not limited to, topotecan, gimatecan, irinotecan, camptothecin and its analogs, 9-nitro Camptothecin and macrocamptothecin conjugate PNU-166148 (compound A1 in WO 99/17804); 10-hydroxycamptothecin acetate; etoposide; idarubicin hydrochloride; irinotecan hydrochloride ; Teniposide; Topotecan, Topotecan Hydrochloride; Adriamycin; Epirubicin, Epirubicin Hydrochloride; 4'-Epirubicin, Mitoxantrone, Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride ; daunorubicin, daunorubicin hydrochloride, valrubicin, and dasatinib (BMS-354825).
  • beneficial or desired clinical outcomes include, but are not limited to, relief of symptoms, reduction in extent of disease, stabilization of disease state (i.e., not worsening), delay or slowing of disease progression, disease state Improvement or remission, and remission (whether partial or total), whether detectable or undetectable.
  • Treatment can also mean prolonged survival compared to expected survival if not treated. Those in need of treatment include those already with the disease or condition as well as those predisposed to the disease or condition.
  • treatment may also include any or all of the following: killing tumor cells; inhibiting the growth of tumor cells, cancer cells or tumors; inhibiting the replication of tumor cells or cancer cells; reducing the overall tumor burden or reducing the number of cancer cells; and improving one or more symptoms of the accompanying disease.
  • administering includes the means by which the compound is introduced into a subject to achieve its intended function.
  • routes of administration include injection (subcutaneous, intravenous, parenteral, intraperitoneal, intrathecal), topical, oral, inhalation, rectal and transdermal.
  • contacting generally means that two or more substances of different types are brought into contact together in any order, in any manner, and for any length of time.
  • contacting means the method by which a compound of the present application is delivered to or placed in immediate proximity to a target cell, which delivery may be in vitro or in vivo.
  • the term "therapeutically effective amount” generally refers to an amount of a conjugate effective to treat a disease or disorder in a mammal.
  • a therapeutically effective amount of the conjugate reduces the number of cancer cells; reduces tumor size; inhibits (i.e. delays to a certain extent, preferably stops) cancer cell infiltration into surrounding organs; inhibits (i.e. delays to a certain extent, Preferably terminating) tumor metastasis; inhibiting tumor growth to some extent; and/or alleviating to some extent one or more symptoms associated with the cancer.
  • a drug can inhibit the growth of cancer cells and/or kill existing cancer cells, it may be cytostatic and/or cytotoxic.
  • efficacy can be measured, for example, by assessing the time to disease progression (TTP) and/or determining the response rate (RR).
  • the term "subject” or “patient” refers to animals, such as mammals, including but not limited to primates (such as humans), cows, sheep, goats, horses, dogs, cats, rabbits, Rats, mice, etc. In certain embodiments, the subject is a human.
  • subscript q is any integer selected from 1-20, preferably 3-10, most preferably 5-8.
  • subscript q is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20.
  • it comprises a Lb-Lc structural fragment, the Lb structure is connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group, wherein the Lc is a releasable assembly unit and the Lc can be connected to a drug unit.
  • the Lc structure is connected to the carbonyl of the Lb structure through an amine group, and Lc can be connected to the drug unit through a carbonyl group.
  • the Lb-Lc structural fragment can be selected from the following formulas:
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit that can be linked to a drug unit.
  • the linker has a structure shown in formula (Ia), formula (Ib), formula (Ic) or formula (Id):
  • the subscript t is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group.
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4, and the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group.
  • the La structure includes a maleamide-based linker fragment.
  • La structure has the following structure:
  • R' is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkane C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl and C 1 -C 10 alkyl-aryl
  • R" is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl; wherein the substituents are selected from: amino, halogen, nitro, hydroxyl, acetyl, cyano, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 10 haloalkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, amido, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 heterocycloalkyl; wherein the
  • R' is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, and C 1 -C 10 alkyl- Aryl, wherein the substituent is selected from: amino, halogen, hydroxyl, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 10 haloalkyl.
  • R' is selected from: C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, and C 1 -C 10 alkyl-aryl.
  • each subscript s is independently selected from any integer of 1-10, preferably 1-8, more preferably 1-5.
  • the La structure is connected to the B or Lb structural fragment through a carbonyl group, and can be connected to the ligand through the 3-position of succinimide unit connection.
  • R" is selected from methyl, ethyl and propyl, the subscript s is selected from any integer from 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 5, and the La structure is connected to the B or Lb structural fragment through a carbonyl group.
  • the La structure can be selected from the following formulae:
  • the subscript s is any integer selected from 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 5, and the La structure is connected to the B or Lb structural fragment through a carbonyl group.
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit , which can be linked to the drug unit.
  • linker is selected from the following structures:
  • R' is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl and C 1 -C 10 alkyl-aryl
  • R" is optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl; wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of: amino, halogen, nitro, hydroxyl, acetyl, cyano, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkane Oxygen, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 10 haloalkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, amido, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C Heterocycloalkyl ; wherein subscript n is selected from any integer in 1-10, preferably 1-5, most preferably 1-3;
  • Each subscript r is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • each subscript t is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • each subscript q is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 20 , preferably 3-10, most preferably 5-8.
  • linker is selected from the following structures:
  • linker is selected from the following structures:
  • R is selected from methyl, ethyl and propyl
  • each subscript s is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 10
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • each Each subscript q is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 20.
  • the present application provides the use of the aforementioned linker in the preparation of a drug, and the drug includes a linker-drug conjugate or a ligand-drug conjugate.
  • the present application provides a linker-drug conjugate comprising the aforementioned linker, which has the structure shown in formula (II):
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • D is a drug unit.
  • the linker-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IIa), formula (IIb), formula (IIc) or formula (IId):
  • the linker-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IIa) or formula (IIb):
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • D is a drug unit.
  • linker-drug conjugate is selected from the formula:
  • R' is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl and C 1 -C 10 alkyl-aryl, wherein the substituents are selected from From: amino, halogen, nitro, hydroxyl, acetyl, cyano, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 10 haloalkyl , C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, amido, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 heterocycloalkyl;
  • Each subscript r is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • each subscript t is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4
  • each subscript q is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 20 , preferably 3-10, most preferably 5-8.
  • the drug unit D includes a detectable marker, drug, cytokine, enzyme, or a combination thereof.
  • the drug unit D includes cytotoxic agents and/or cytostatic agents.
  • the Drug unit D includes an inhibitor of the DNA enzyme topoisomerase I (topoI).
  • the drug unit D includes camptothecin and its derivatives.
  • the linker-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (III):
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the linker-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IIIa) or formula (IIIb):
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • linker-drug conjugate can be selected from the following structures:
  • the camptothecin and its derivatives include 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin and its derivatives.
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen
  • amino and R 4 and R 5 are respectively selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and optionally substituted aryl.
  • R 2 is selected from ethyl
  • R 4 and R 5 are respectively selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl and optionally substituted aryl.
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, acyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • camptothecin and derivatives thereof are selected from the group consisting of: camptothecin, ixinotecan, topotecan, irinotecan, belotecan, letotecan ( GG-211), CKD-602, gematecan (ST1481), karenitecin (BNP-1350), BN-80915, hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), 9-aminocamptothecin, 9-nitrocamptothecin , 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), 7-ethyl-10-difluoromethylcamptothecin and their derivatives.
  • camptothecin and its derivatives are selected from camptothecin, ixitecan, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, 7-ethyl-10-difluoromethane Basecamptothecin and their solvates, hydrates, stereoisomers, tautomers, isotope labels, metabolites, prodrugs, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the linker-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IVa), formula (IVb), formula (IVc), or formula (IVd):
  • La is a Stretcher unit capable of linking to a Ligand unit
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit.
  • the linker-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit.
  • the present application provides a ligand-drug conjugate comprising the aforementioned linker or the aforementioned linker-drug conjugate, which has a structure shown in formula (V):
  • L is a ligand unit, wherein the subscript n is any integer selected from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • D is a drug unit.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has a structure represented by formula (Va), formula (Vb), formula (Vc) or formula (Vd):
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (Va) or formula (Vb):
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • D is a drug unit.
  • the Drug unit D comprises a cytotoxic and/or cytostatic agent.
  • the Drug unit D comprises a cytotoxic agent for the treatment of cancer.
  • the Drug unit D includes an inhibitor of the DNA enzyme topoisomerase I (topo I).
  • the drug unit D includes camptothecin and its derivatives.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (VI):
  • L is a ligand unit, and the subscript n is any integer selected from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (VIa), formula (VIb), formula (VIc) or formula (VId):
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (VIa) or formula (VIb):
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the camptothecin and its derivatives include 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin and its derivatives.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and the binding site of R 1 is any one of the three unsubstituted positions on the benzene ring;
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, acyl and optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen
  • amino and R 4 and R 5 are respectively selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and optionally substituted aryl.
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, acyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • camptothecin and its derivatives are selected from camptothecin, ixitecan, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, 7-ethyl-10-difluoromethane Basecamptothecin and their solvates, hydrates, stereoisomers, tautomers, isotope labels, metabolites, prodrugs, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has a structure shown in formula (VIIa), formula (VIIb), formula (VIIc), or formula (VIId):
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • L is a ligand unit, and the subscript n is any integer selected from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit.
  • the ligand comprises an antibody
  • the antibodies include monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, dimers, multimers, multispecific antibodies, intact antibodies, antibody fragments, human antibodies, humanized antibodies, chimeric antibodies or antibodies from other species.
  • said antibody fragments include: Fab, Fab', F(ab')2, Fv fragment, scFv antibody fragment, linear antibody, single domain antibody (such as sdAB), Camelidae VHH domain , or multispecific antibodies formed from antibody fragments.
  • the antibodies include modified or unmodified analogs and derivatives that allow the antibodies to retain their antigen-binding immunospecificity.
  • the antibody or antibody fragment has the requisite number of drug-linker attachment points.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (VIII):
  • Ab represents an antibody, wherein the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, wherein the subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • D is a drug unit.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (VIIIa) or formula (VIIIb):
  • Ab represents an antibody, and the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • D is a drug unit.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IX):
  • Ab represents an antibody, and the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • B is an optional branching unit, subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has a structure shown in formula (IXa), formula (IXb), formula (IXc) or formula (IXd):
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has the structure shown in formula (IXa) or formula (IXb):
  • Ab represents an antibody, and the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is a branching unit whose structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • each subscript r is independently selected from any integer in 1 to 4
  • the B structure is connected to the La structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lb structure fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit
  • the camptothecin and its derivatives include 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin and its derivatives.
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • R1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C1 ⁇ C6 alkyl, and the binding site of R1 is any one of the three unsubstituted positions on the benzene ring;
  • R2 is selected from hydrogen, Optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl;
  • R3 is selected from hydrogen, acyl and optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl.
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 to C 6 alkyl
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, acyl and optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen
  • amino and R 4 and R 5 are respectively selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and optionally substituted aryl.
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted amino and optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • R 2 is selected from ethyl
  • R 4 and R 5 are respectively selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl and optionally substituted aryl.
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen, acyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • the 10-difluoromethylcamptothecin compound has the following structure:
  • the ligand-drug conjugate can be selected from the following structures:
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit.
  • R' is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl and C 1 -C 10 alkyl-aryl, wherein the substituents are selected from From: amino, halogen, nitro, hydroxyl, acetyl, cyano, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 10 haloalkyl , C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, amido, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 heterocycloalkyl;
  • Each subscript r is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4,
  • Each subscript t is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4,
  • Each subscript q is independently selected from any integer in 1-20, preferably 3-10, most preferably 5-8;
  • camptothecin and its derivatives are selected from camptothecin, ixitecan, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, 7-ethyl-10-difluoromethane Basecamptothecin and their solvates, hydrates, stereoisomers, tautomers, isotope labels, metabolites, prodrugs, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate has a structure represented by formula (Xa), (Xb), (Xc) or (Xd):
  • Ab represents an antibody, and the subscript n is selected from any integer from 1 to 8, preferably 4 to 8;
  • La is an extension unit
  • B is an optional branching unit, subscript p is 0 or 1, wherein, when p is 0, m is 1, and when p is 1, m is 2, 3 or 4;
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • Lc is a releasable assembly unit.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • La is an extension unit
  • the Lb structure is selected from the following formulae:
  • the Lb structure is connected to the La or B structure through an amine group, and connected to the Lc fragment through a carbonyl group;
  • R' is selected from: optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl and C 1 -C 10 alkyl-aryl, wherein the substituents are selected from From: amino, halogen, nitro, hydroxyl, acetyl, cyano, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 10 haloalkyl , C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, amido, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 heterocycloalkyl;
  • Each subscript t is independently selected from any integer from 1 to 4,
  • n is selected from any integer in 1-8, preferably 4-8.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • Each subscript s is independently selected from any integer in 1-10, preferably 1-5;
  • Each subscript q is selected from any integer in 1-20, preferably 3-10, most preferably 5-8;
  • Each subscript r is selected from any integer from 1 to 4.
  • n is selected from any integer in 1-8, preferably 4-8.
  • the La structure is connected to the sulfhydryl group of the antibody through the 3-position of succinimide.
  • the ligand comprises a monoclonal antibody (mAb) or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
  • mAb monoclonal antibody
  • the ligand-drug conjugate is selected from the following structures:
  • the ligand is targeted for binding to a tumor antigen.
  • the ligand-drug conjugate wherein the ligand targets binding receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ERBB2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), TROP2 and /or FGFR2b.
  • HER2 receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ERBB2
  • EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
  • TROP2 and /or FGFR2b.
  • the ligands include anti-HER2 antibodies, anti-EGFR antibodies, anti-TROP2 antibodies and anti-FGFR2b antibodies.
  • the anti-TROP2 antibody comprises sacituzumab.
  • the anti-FGFR2b antibody comprises Bemarituzumab.
  • the tumor antigens include HER2, EGFR, TROP2 and/or FGFR2b.
  • the disease overexpressing a tumor antigen comprises a tumor.
  • the cancer comprises a cancer with upregulated expression and/or activity of HER2.
  • the present application provides a kit comprising the aforementioned linker-drug conjugate, the aforementioned ligand-drug conjugate or the aforementioned pharmaceutical composition, optionally comprising an additional therapeutic agent.
  • Hydrophilic modified silica gel is used as filler (Sepax Zenix SEC-300 (3 ⁇ m, 7.8mm ID ⁇ 300mm), 0.15mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) is used as mobile phase; flow rate is 1.0ml per minute ; The detection wavelength is 280nm&370nm; the column temperature is 25°C; the injection volume is 10 ⁇ l.
  • Determination method Accurately take the test solution, inject it into the liquid chromatograph, and record the chromatogram until 20min.
  • test solution takes 60 ⁇ l of 1 mg/ml test solution, 15 ⁇ l of 100 mmol/L dithiothreitol (DTT) aqueous solution, mixes them evenly, and puts them in a water bath at 37°C for 30 minutes to obtain the product.
  • DTT dithiothreitol
  • Chromatographic conditions use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as filler (PLRP-S, (8 ⁇ m, 4.6mm ID ⁇ 150mm, Agilent technologies), using water/trifluoroacetic acid (1000:0.5, v/v) as mobile phase A, and acetonitrile/trifluoroacetic acid (1000:0.4, v/v) as mobile phase
  • phase B perform gradient elution according to the table below; the flow rate is 1.0ml per minute; the detection wavelength is 280nm; the column temperature is 80°C; the injection volume is 10 ⁇ l.
  • Determination method Accurately take the test solution, inject it into the liquid chromatograph, and record the chromatogram.
  • Embodiment 1 the synthesis of La-B fragment
  • Reaction 1 Dissolve the reactants Fmoc-L-glutamic acid 7.4g, glycine tert-butyl ester 5.8g and 10g DIPEA in dichloromethane/DMF (150mL/40mL) mixture, add 18.g HATU, and stir at room temperature After reacting for 1 h, add 150 mL of water to the reaction solution and stir, separate the layers, wash the organic layer with water, dry and evaporate to dryness to obtain the crude product; MS[ESI] m/z: 596.7[M+H] + .
  • Reaction 2 Dissolve the above product in 100 mL of dichloromethane, add 30 mL of trifluoroacetic acid, react at room temperature for 4 hours, add 150 mL of water, precipitate a solid, filter, wash with water, wash with ethyl acetate, and dry to obtain 7.5 g of diacid.
  • Reaction 3 Dissolve 5 g of the above product in 50 mL of DMF, add 5 mL of morpholine, stir and react at room temperature for 80 min, evaporate the reaction solution to dryness under reduced pressure, and dissolve this product in di
  • Reaction 4 Dissolve 3 g of the above product in 30 mL of dry dichloromethane, add 15 mL of trifluoroacetic acid, react at room temperature for 2.5 h, add 1 mL of water to quench, evaporate to dryness under reduced pressure, add 100 mL of ethyl acetate to the product for 2-3 h, and filter , the solid was washed with ethyl acetate and dried to obtain 2.3 g of the product.
  • Reaction 1 Add 7.4g of 60% NaH to 200mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, cool down to 0°C under stirring, stir for 30min, dissolve 46g of the reactant phthalimide-substituted tetraethylene glycol in 200mL of tetrahydrofuran, Add dropwise to the NaH mixture, heat up naturally after the addition, stir and react for 90min, dissolve 34.46g of the reactant cyclic sulfonic acid diester in 200mL tetrahydrofuran, slowly add dropwise to the above reaction solution, stir for 15h after the addition , add 18mL of water and 25mL of concentrated sulfuric acid to the reaction solution, reflux for 60min, drop to room temperature, add sodium bicarbonate to adjust the pH to 7-8, evaporate to dryness under reduced pressure, extract the product with dichloromethane, and separate by column chromatography to obtain the product 50 g; MS [ESI] m/z: 500.6 [M+H]+.
  • Reaction 2 Disperse 4.9g of 60% NaH into 200mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran and stir for 10min. Dissolve 50 g of the above product in 100 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, add dropwise to NaH, and stir at room temperature for 20 min.
  • Reaction 3 Dissolve 50g of the above product in 500mL of methanol, add 7mL of hydrazine hydrate dropwise, react at 70°C for 2h, lower the temperature, evaporate the reaction solution to dryness, add 1N dilute hydrochloric acid and stir for 30min, filter with diatomaceous earth, wash with water, and the water phase Adjust the pH to 9-10 with sodium hydroxide, evaporate the water phase to dryness under reduced pressure, dissolve the residue with dichloromethane, filter and dry the filtrate and evaporate to dryness to obtain 25.5 g of the crude product, which is directly used in the next reaction;
  • Reaction 4 Dissolve 25.5g of the above product together with 23.6g of Fmoc-mono-tert-butyl glutamate and 14.3g of DIPEA in dichloromethane/DMF (360mL/80mL) mixture, then add 25.28g of HATU, at room temperature Stir the reaction for 40 minutes, wash the reaction solution with water, wash with dilute hydrochloric acid twice, wash with water, then wash with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution twice, wash with water, dry and evaporate to dryness to obtain 45g of the product; MS[ESI]m/z:791.7[M+H]+ .
  • Reaction 5 Dissolve 45 g of the above product in 330 mL of dichloromethane, add 150 mL of trifluoroacetic acid, react at room temperature for 1 h, wash the reaction solution with water four times, and evaporate the organic phase to dryness to obtain 39 g of the product.
  • Embodiment 3 Synthesis of Lb-Lc Fragment 1:
  • Reaction 1 Add 100g of Fmoc-alanine, 65g of HOBT and 92.36g of EDCI to the dichloromethane/DMF (1.7L/0.3L) mixture, stir and cool down to 0°C, slowly add 104g of DIPEA, at 0°C React for 30 minutes, add 46.35g tert-butyl glycine dropwise, react at room temperature for 20 hours, wash the reaction solution with water, wash twice with 2N dilute hydrochloric acid, wash twice with aqueous potassium carbonate solution, wash twice with water, dry the organic phase, and evaporate to dryness to obtain 144g of the crude product was directly carried out to the next reaction; MS[ESI]m/z: 425.5[M+H]+.
  • Reaction 2 Dissolve 110 g of the above product in 1 L of DMF, then add 0.2 L of morpholine, react at room temperature for 2 h, and evaporate the reaction solution to dryness under reduced pressure.
  • Dissolve 88g of Fmoc-valine, 52.6g of HOBT and 74.56g of EDCI in dichloromethane/DMF (1L/0.2L) mixture add 100g of DIPEA, stir at room temperature for 30min, and dissolve the above deprotected product in dichloromethane Add dropwise to the above reaction solution in methane, react at room temperature for 5 hours, wash the reaction solution with water, and evaporate to dryness to obtain a crude product, which is separated by column chromatography to obtain 90 g of the product; MS[ESI]m/z: 791.7[M+H]+ .
  • Reaction 3 Take 70 g of the above product and 29 g of anisole, add them to 0.5 L of dichloromethane and stir, slowly add 100 mL of trifluoroacetic acid dropwise, stir and react at room temperature for 5 h, evaporate to dryness under reduced pressure, and add ethyl acetate to the obtained solid 300 mL of the ester was stirred and crystallized, and the obtained solid was filtered, washed with ethyl acetate, and the solid was collected. After the mother liquor was evaporated to dryness, the above operation was repeated to obtain a total of 60 g of the solid; MS[ESI] m/z: 466.5[M-H]-.
  • Reaction 4 Take 5g of the above product, 7.4mg of copper acetate, 5.5g of lead tetraacetate, 1.48g of acetic acid, dissolve in 100mL of DMF, heat up to 60°C under the protection of nitrogen, react for 4h, add ethyl acetate to the reaction solution 1 L, stirred for 10 minutes and then filtered. The filtrate was washed twice with water, dried and evaporated to dryness. The obtained solid was slurried with a small amount of n-hexane. After filtration, the solid was washed with a small amount of acetonitrile, and 2.1 g of the product was obtained after drying.

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Abstract

一种连接子,其包含Lb结构片段,其中Lb结构选自下式:其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。还涉及所述连接子在制备连接子-药物和配体-药物偶联物中的用途。

Description

连接子及其缀合物 技术领域
本申请涉及生物医药领域,具体的涉及一种连接子及其缀合物。
背景技术
目前,抗体-药物偶联物(antibody drug conjugate,ADC)将单克隆抗体或者抗体片段通过稳定的化学接头化合物与具有生物活性的细胞毒素相连,充分利用了抗体对正常细胞和肿瘤细胞表面抗原结合的特异性和细胞毒性物质的高效性,同时又避免了前者疗效偏低和后者毒副作用过大等缺陷。这也就意味着,与以往传统的化疗药物相比,抗体-药物偶联物能更精准地结合肿瘤细胞并降低将对正常细胞的影响。但只有少数几个药物类别被证明作为抗体药物缀合物是足够活性的,同时具有合适的毒性特性和其他药理性质,以保证临床开发。受到关注的一种药物类别是喜树碱。
喜树碱(CPT)是从喜树(Camptotheca acuminata)(喜树属(Camptotheca),喜树(Happy tree))分离的水溶性细胞毒性喹啉生物碱家族,喜树是原生于中国西藏的树。喜树碱抑制DNA酶拓扑异构酶I。拓扑异构酶I是一种与扭转拉伸的超螺旋双链DNA非共价结合的核内酶,其在DNA分子中产生瞬间的单链断裂(命名为“可裂解复合物”)。这允许在复制、转录、重组以及其他DNA功能的过程中完整的互补DNA链通过。称为可裂解复合物的该酶-桥接DNA断裂随后通过拓扑异构酶I酶重接(reseal)。所述酶的解离恢复完整的新松弛DNA双螺旋。报道喜树碱衍生物应用于抗体偶联药物(ADC)的文献有WO2014057687,WO2019195665,WO2019236954。
用于共价结合抗体与药物以形成ADC的化学连接子的设计也在ADC的开发中起作用。例如,连接子在血液中应为稳定以限制对健康组织的损伤。ADC的分解或衰变可在ADC递送至目标位点前释放细胞毒性药物。一旦ADC到达目标位点,ADC必须有效率地释放呈活性形式的细胞毒性药物。血浆稳定性与靶细胞处的有效药物释放之间的平衡还有待探索,该平衡可取决于连接子设计。连接子技术影响ADC效能、特异性及安全性。需要用于ADC的连接子,该等连接子可提供血清稳定性及增加的可溶性,允许疏水性药物的有效缀合及细胞内递送。
喜树碱(CPT)作为抗肿瘤的临床用药,与其他ADC所使用的高活性的药物相比,具有毒副作用方面的优势,为了进一步提高ADC的治疗效果,提高ADC的载药量以增加ADC在 体内靶向释放药物的量,是一个合理的选择,但是喜树碱以及其他大部分ADC偶联的药物都是亲脂性的分子,当使用传统的连接子时,会导致ADC出现不稳定以及聚集沉降的现象,另外,亲脂性过高时会导致在体内肝脏等代谢器官很快的代谢消除,导致PK性质变差,因此有必要从连接子的结构方面去探索,如何在保证高载药量的同时,还会优化ADC的理化性质以使其具有良好的体内外活性,因此,仍需进一步开发疗效更好的ADC药物。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种新型的连接子,及其制备方法与在制备连接子-药物缀合物和抗体-药物偶联物中用途。本申请的连接子能够提高载药量,进而提高药物递送效率,同时利用该连接子制备的配体-药物偶联物不易聚集沉降,表现出良好的体内外抗肿瘤活性,从而间接揭示了利用该连接子制备的配体-药物偶联物具有良好的体内稳定性以及PK性质。
一方面,本申请提供一种连接子,其包含Lb结构片段,其中Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000001
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
在某些实施方式中,其包含Lb-Lc结构片段,Lb结构通过羰基与Lc片段连接,其中Lc是可释放组装单元且Lc能够与药物单元连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述Lc结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000003
可选地,所述Lc结构通过胺基与Lb结构的羰基连接,且Lc能够通过羰基 与药物单元连接。
在某些实施方式中,其具有式(I)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000004
其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000005
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元,Lc结构通过胺基与Lb结构的羰基连接,且Lc能够通过羰基与药物单元连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中B结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000006
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中B结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000007
其中每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过 胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构包括马来酰胺类连接子片段。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000008
其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;并且R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000009
R”选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基;其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;其中下标n选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~5,最优选1~3。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构选自下式:
i)
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000010
其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;
ii)
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000012
其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;R”选自:甲基、 乙基或异丙基;
其中,每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000013
其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;其中下标s选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000014
其中下标s选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5,La结构通过羰基与B或者Lb结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺/琥珀酰胺的3位与配体单元连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000015
其中R”选自甲基、乙基和异丙基,下标s选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5,La结构通过羰基与B或者Lb结构片段连接。
在某些实施方式中,其具有式(Ia)或式(Ib)所示的结构:
La——Lb——Lc,
式(Ia)
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000016
其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000017
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000018
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元,其能够与药物单元连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述连接子选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000032
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000033
其中,
R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000034
R”为任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基;其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;其中下标n选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~5,最优选1~3;
每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述连接子选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000037
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000038
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000039
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000040
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000041
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000042
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000043
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000044
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000045
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000046
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000047
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000048
其中,R”选自甲基、乙基和异丙基,每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述连接子选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000049
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000050
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000051
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000052
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000053
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000054
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000055
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000056
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000057
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000058
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000059
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000060
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000061
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000062
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000063
其中,R”选自甲基、乙基和异丙基,每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
另一方面,本申请提供了前述连接子在制备药物中的用途,所述药物包括连接子-药物缀合物或配体-药物偶联物。
另一方面,本申请提供了一种包含前述连接子的连接子-药物缀合物,其具有式(II)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000064
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000065
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物具有式(IIa)或式(IIb)所示的结构:
La——Lb——Lc——D,
式(IIa)
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000066
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000067
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000068
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述药物单元D包括可检测标记物、药物、细胞因子、酶,或其组合。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述药物单元D包括细胞毒剂和/或细胞抑制剂。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述药物单元D包括DNA酶拓扑异构酶I(拓扑I)的抑制剂。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述药物单元D包括喜树碱及其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其具有式(III)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000069
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000070
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优 选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000071
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物具有式(IIIa)或式(IIIb)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000072
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000073
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000074
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000075
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物包括10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物及其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000076
式中,R1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C1~C6烷基,R1的结合位点为苯环上未取代的三个位点中的任一个;R2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C1~C6烷基;R3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C1~C6烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000077
式中,R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;R 3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 1选自氢、氨基和
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000078
R 4、R 5分别选自氢、任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基、任选取代的芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 2选自乙基、
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000079
其中R 4、R 5分别选自氢、任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基和任选取代的芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 3选自氢、酰基、任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 3选自氢、
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000080
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000081
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000082
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自选自:喜树碱、伊喜替康、拓扑替康、伊立替康、、贝洛替康、勒托替康(GG-211)、CKD-602、吉马替康(ST1481)、karenitecin(BNP-1350)、BN-80915、羟基喜树碱(HCPT)、9-氨基喜树碱、9-硝基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(SN38)、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自喜树碱、伊喜替康、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的溶剂化物、水合物、立体异构体、互变异构体、同位素标记物、代谢物、前药、药学上可接受的盐。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物具有式(IVa),式(IVb),式(IVc),或式(IVd)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000083
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000084
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000085
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000086
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000087
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000088
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000089
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000090
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
另一方面,本申请提供一种包含前述的连接子或前述的连接子-药物缀合物的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(V)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000091
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000092
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(Va)或式(Vb)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000093
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000094
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000095
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述药物单元D包括细胞毒剂和/或细胞抑制剂。
在某些实施方式中,所述药物单元D包括用于癌症治疗的细胞毒剂。
在某些实施方式中,所述药物单元D包括DNA酶拓扑异构酶I(拓扑I)的抑制剂。
在某些实施方式中,所述药物单元D包括喜树碱及其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VI)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000096
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000097
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000098
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VIa)或式(VIb)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000099
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000100
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000101
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000102
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物包括10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物及其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000103
其中,
R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基,R 1的结合位点为苯环上未取代的 三个位点中的任一个;
R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;
R 3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000104
其中,
R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;
R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;
R 3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 1选自氢、氨基和
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000105
R 4、R 5分别选自氢、任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基、任选取代的芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 2选自乙基、
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000106
其中R 4、R 5分别选自氢、任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基、任选取代的芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 3选自氢、酰基、任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 3选自氢、
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000107
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000108
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自:喜树碱、伊喜替康、拓扑替康、伊立替康、、贝洛替康、勒托替康(GG-211)、CKD-602、吉马替康(ST1481)、karenitecin(BNP-1350)、BN-80915、羟基喜树碱(HCPT)、9-氨基喜树碱、9-硝基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(SN38)、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自喜树碱、伊喜替康、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的溶剂化物、水合物、立体异构体、互变异构体、同位素标记物、代谢物、前药、药学上可接受的盐。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VIIa),式(VIIb),式(VIIc),或式(VIId)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000109
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000110
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000111
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000112
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000113
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000114
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000115
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述配体包括抗体。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗体包括单克隆抗体、多克隆抗体、二聚体、多聚体、多特异性抗体、完整抗体、抗体片段、人抗体、人源化抗体、嵌合抗体或来自其他物种的抗体。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗体片段包括:Fab,Fab’,F(ab’)2,Fv片段,scFv抗体片 段,线性抗体,单结构域抗体(如sdAB),骆驼科VHH结构域,或由抗体片段形成的多特异性抗体。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗体包括经修饰或未经修饰的类似物和衍生物,且允许抗体保留其抗原结合免疫特异性。
在某些实施方式中,所述抗体或抗体片段具有药物-连接子必须的连接点数量。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VIII)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000116
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000117
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VIIIa)或式(VIIIb)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000118
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000119
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000120
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000121
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(IX)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000122
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000123
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元,
B是任选的支化单元,下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000124
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000125
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(IXa)或式(IXb)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000126
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000127
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000128
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000129
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000130
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(Xa),(Xb),(Xc)或(Xd)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000131
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m 是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000132
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000133
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000134
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000135
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000136
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000137
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000138
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000139
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000140
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,
R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;
每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,
每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,
每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8;
每个下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000141
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000142
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000143
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体;
每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~5;
每个下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8;
每个下标r选自1~4中的任意整数;
每个下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述下标s为2。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述下标r为2。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述下标q为7。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述La结构通过琥珀酰亚胺的3位与抗体的巯基连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述配体包括单克隆抗体(mAb)或其抗原结合片段。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000144
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000145
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,mAb代表单克隆抗体。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述配体靶向结合肿瘤抗原。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述配体靶向结合受体酪氨酸-蛋白激酶ERBB2(HER2),表皮生长因子受体(EGFR),TROP2和/或FGFR2b。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述配体包括抗HER2抗体,抗EGFR抗体,抗TROP2抗体和抗FGFR2b抗体。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗HER2抗体包括曲妥珠单抗(trastuzumab),帕妥珠单抗(Pertuzumab)或伊尼妥单抗(Inetetamab)。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗TROP2抗体包括戈沙妥组单抗(Sacituzumab)。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗FGFR2b抗体包括Bemarituzumab。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗EGFR抗体包括西妥昔单抗(Cetuximab)、帕尼单抗(panitumumab)、耐昔妥珠单抗(Necitumumab)或尼妥珠单抗(Nimotuzumab)。
另一方面,本申请提供一种制备所述的配体-药物偶联物的方法,其包括使抗体与前述的连接子或前述的连接子-药物缀合物缀合。
另一方面,本申请提供前述的连接子-药物缀合物或前述的配体-药物偶联物在制备药物中的用途,其中所述药物用于治疗过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述肿瘤抗原包括HER2,EGFR,TROP2和/或FGFR2b。
在某些实施方式中,所述过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病包括肿瘤。
在某些实施方式中,所述过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病包括表达HER2,EGFR,TROP2和/或FGFR2b的肿瘤。
另一方面,本申请提供前述的连接子-药物缀合物或前述的配体-药物偶联物在制备药物中的用途,其中所述药物用于癌症。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述癌症包括淋巴瘤、白血病或实体瘤。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述癌症包括HER2表达和/或活性上调的癌症。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述癌症包括EGFR表达和/或活性上调的癌症。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述癌症包括TROP2表达和/或活性上调的癌症。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述癌症包括FGFR2b表达和/或活性上调的癌症。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述癌症包括肺癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、尿路上皮癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、食道癌、唾液腺癌、胃食道交界处腺癌、胆道癌、佩吉特氏病、胰腺癌、卵巢癌或子宫癌肉瘤。
另一方面,本申请提供前述的连接子-药物缀合物或前述的配体-药物偶联物在治疗癌症中的用途。
另一方面,本申请提供药物组合物,其包含前述的连接子-药物缀合物或前述的配体-药物偶联物,以及药学上可接受的载体。
另一方面,本申请提供一种治疗疾病或病症的方法,所述方法包括向有此需要的受试者施用有效量的前述的连接子-药物缀合物、前述的配体-药物偶联物或前述的药物组合物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述疾病或病症包括癌症。
另一方面,本申请提供一种抑制癌细胞活性或杀伤癌细胞的方法,所述方法包括将癌细胞与有效量的前述的连接子-药物缀合物、前述的配体-药物偶联物或前述的药物组合物接触。
另一方面,本申请提供药盒,其包含前述的连接子-药物缀合物、前述的配体-药物偶联物或前述的药物组合物,任选地包含另外的治疗剂。
本领域技术人员能够从下文的详细描述中容易地洞察到本申请的其它方面和优势。下文的详细描述中仅显示和描述了本申请的示例性实施方式。如本领域技术人员将认识到的,本申请的内容使得本领域技术人员能够对所公开的具体实施方式进行改动而不脱离本申请所涉及发明的精神和范围。相应地,本申请的附图和说明书中的描述仅仅是示例性的,而非为限制性的。
附图说明
本申请所涉及的发明的具体特征如所附权利要求书所显示。通过参考下文中详细描述的示例性实施方式和附图能够更好地理解本申请所涉及发明的特点和优势。对附图简要说明如下:
图1A至图1B显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b的SEC检测结果。
图2显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b的RPLC检测结果。
图3显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b对SK-BR-3细胞作用效果曲线。
图4显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b对NCI-N87细胞作用效果曲线。
图5显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Sa-1b对MDA-MB-468细胞作用效果曲线。
图6显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Sa-1b对SNU216细胞作用效果曲线。
图7显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Sa-1b对NCI-H1650细胞作用效果曲线。
图8显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Sa-1b对NCI-H596细胞作用效果曲线。
图9显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Be-1b对SNU16细胞作用效果曲线。
图10显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Be-1b对OCUM-2M细胞作用效果曲线。
图11显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b对人源胃癌细胞NCI-N87模型肿瘤抑制效果。
图12显示的是本申请所述抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b对人源乳腺癌细胞BT474模型肿瘤抑制效果。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本申请发明的实施方式,熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所公开的内容容易地了解本申请发明的其他优点及效果。
术语定义
在本申请中,术语“抗体”通常是指在最广泛的意义上加以使用并且具体地涵盖单克隆抗体、多克隆抗体、二聚体、多聚体、多特异性抗体(例如,双特异性抗体)、和抗体片段,只要它们显示所期望的生物活性(Milleretal(2003)Jour.ofImmunology170:4854-4861)。抗体的天然形式通常为四聚体并由两个相同的免疫球蛋白链对构成,每个对具有一条轻链和一条重链。在每个对中,轻链和重链可变区(VL和VH)一起主要负责与抗原的结合。轻链和重链可变结构域由被三个高变区(也称为“互补决定区”或“CDR”)中断的框架区构成。恒定区可被免疫系统识别并与之相互作用。(参见例如Janeway等,2001,Immunol.Biology,第5版,Garland Publishing,New York)。抗体可以是任何类型(例如,IgG、IgE、IgM、IgD和IgA)、类别(例如,IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA1和IgA2)或亚类的。抗体可源自任何合适的物种。在一些实施方案中,抗体是人源或鼠源的。抗体可以是例如人、人源化或嵌合抗体。
在本申请中,术语“单克隆抗体”通常是指从基本上均质性的抗体群体(即,除可少量存在的可能的自然发生的突变外构成该群的各个抗体均相同)获得的抗体。单克隆抗体具有高度特异性,针对的是单个抗原位点。修饰语“单克隆”说明抗体从基本上均质性的抗体群体获得这一特征,而不应理解为需要通过任何特定的方法产生抗体。
在本申请中,“完整抗体”通常是包含抗原结合可变区以及轻链恒定结构域(CL)和重链恒定结构域CH1、CH2、CH3和CH4的抗体。恒定结构域可以是天然序列恒定结构域(例如,人天然序列恒定结构域)或其氨基酸序列变体。
在本申请中,“抗体片段”通常包含完整抗体的一部分,包含其抗原结合或可变区。抗体片段的实例包括Fab、Fab’、F(ab’) 2和Fv片段、双链抗体、三链抗体、四链抗体、线性抗体、单链抗体分子、scFv、scFv-Fc、由一个或多个抗体片段形成的多特异性抗体片段、由Fab表达文库产生的一个或多个片段、或上述任何一个的表位结合片段,所述表位结合片段与靶抗 原(例如,癌细胞抗原、病毒抗原或微生物抗原)免疫特异性结合。
在本申请中,术语“抗原”通常是指抗体特异性结合的实体。
在本申请中,术语“特异性的结合”和“特异性地结合”是指抗体或抗体衍生物将以高度选择性的方式与其靶抗原的相应表位结合而不与多种其他抗原结合。通常,抗体或抗体衍生物以至少约1x10 -7M、优选地10 -8M至10 -9M、10 -10M、10 -11M或10 -12M的亲和力结合,并以比其与预定的抗原或紧密相关的抗原之外的非特异性抗原(例如,BSA、酪蛋白)结合的亲和力大至少两倍的亲和力与预定的抗原结合。
在本申请中,术语“抑制”通常是指减少了可检测的量或完全防止。
在本申请中,术语“肿瘤”通常是指所有赘生性(neoplastic)细胞生长和增殖,无论是恶性的还是良性的,及所有癌前(pre-cancerous)和癌性细胞和组织。在本申请中,所述肿瘤可以包括实体瘤和/或血液瘤。术语“癌症”,“癌性”,“细胞增殖性病症”,“增殖性病症”和“肿瘤”在本文中提到时并不互相排斥。在一些实施方案中,肿瘤可以指含有多数癌细胞,例如显示本文中描述的任何癌症的特征细胞的肉体块。肿瘤的例子可包括任何上述类型的癌症的原发性肿瘤或自任何上述类型的癌症衍生的第二位点处的转移性肿瘤。
在本申请中,术语“肿瘤抗原”,通常包括本领域已知的含义,其包括在肿瘤细胞上表达(或与肿瘤细胞发育相关)、已知或被认为对肿瘤细胞的致瘤特性有作用的任何分子。许多肿瘤抗原为本领域已知。一种分子是否为肿瘤抗原还可以根据本领域技术人员熟知的技术和测定法确定,例如克隆发生测定法(clonogenic assay)、转化试验、体外或体内肿瘤形成测定法、凝胶迁移测定法(gel migration assay)、基因敲除分析等。术语“肿瘤抗原”可以指人跨膜蛋白,即锚定在细胞脂双层中的细胞膜蛋白。本文使用的人跨膜蛋白通常会包含“细胞外结构域”,其可以结合配体、亲脂跨膜结构域、保守的胞内结构域,例如酪氨酸激酶结构域,和具有若干可被磷酸化的酪氨酸残基的羧基末端信号结构域。肿瘤抗原包括分子如EGFR、HER2、HER3、HER4、EpCAM、CEA、TRAIL、TRAIL受体1、TRAIL受体2、淋巴毒素β受体、CCR4、CD19、CD20、CD22、CD28、CD33、CD40、CD80、CSF-1R、CTLA-4、成纤维细胞活化蛋白(FAP)、hepsin、黑素瘤相关的硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖(MCSP)、前列腺特异性膜抗原(PSMA)、VEGF受体1、VEGF受体2、IGF1-R、TSLP-R、TIE-1、TIE-2、TNF-α、TNF样凋亡微弱诱导剂(TWEAK)或IL-1R。
在本申请中,“HER受体”通常是指是属于HER受体家族的受体蛋白质酪氨酸激酶,包括EGFR、HER2、HER3和HER4受体及未来将鉴定的此家族其它成员。HER受体通常将包含胞外结构域,它可结合HER配体;亲脂性跨膜结构域;保守的胞内酪氨酸激酶结构域;和含 有几个可被磷酸化的酪氨酸残基的羧基末端信号结构域。在一些实施方式中,HER受体是天然序列人HER受体。
术语“ErbB1”、“HER1”、“表皮生长因子受体”和“EGFR”在本文中可互换使用,指例如Carpenter et al.,Ann.Rev.Biochem.56:881-914(1987)中公开的EGFR,包括其天然存在的突变体形式(如Humphrey et al.,PNAS(USA)87:4207-4211(1990)中的删除突变体EGFR)。
术语“ErbB2”和“HER2”在本文中可互换使用,通常是指例如Semba et al.,PNAS(USA)82:6497-6501(1985)和Yamamoto et al.,Nature 319:230-234(1986)中描述的人HER2蛋白(Genebank编号X03363)。“HER2”的胞外域通常包含4个结构域:结构域I(大约第1-195位氨基酸残基)、结构域II(大约第196-319位氨基酸残基)、结构域III(大约第320-488位氨基酸残基)和结构域IV(大约第489-630位氨基酸残基)(残基编号不包括信号肽)。参见Garrett et al.,Mol.Cell.11:495-505(2003);Cho et al.,Nature421:756-760(2003);Franklin et al.,Cancer Cell 5:317-328(2004);或Plowman et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.90:1746-1750(1993)。
在本申请中,术语“trastuzumab”,“Pertuzumab”,“Inetetamab”,“Cetuximab”,“panitumumab”“Necitumumab”,“Matuzumab”和“Nimotuzumab”根据其在本领域中理解的一般和普通含义使用。
在本申请中,术语“细胞毒性剂”或“细胞毒剂”通常是指具有细胞毒性活性并造成细胞破坏的物质。该术语意在包括放射性同位素、化疗剂,和毒素(例如细菌、真菌、植物或动物来源的小分子毒素或酶促活性毒素),包括其合成的类似物及衍生物。术语“细胞毒性活性”通常是指药物(如喜树碱缀合物)的细胞内代谢物的细胞杀伤作用。细胞毒性活性可以以IC50值表示,该值为一半细胞存活的单位体积浓度(摩尔或质量)。
在本申请中,术语“细胞生长抑制剂”或“细胞抑制剂”通常是指具有细胞生长抑制活性的物质,包括抑制细胞生长或增殖的物质。细胞抑制剂包括抑制剂如蛋白质抑制剂,例如酶抑制剂。细胞抑制剂具有细胞抑制活性。术语“细胞抑制活性”通常是指药物(如喜树碱缀合物)的细胞内代谢物的抗增殖作用。
在本申请中,术语“喜树碱”通常是指吡咯喹啉细胞毒性生物碱,其由喹啉环AB、吡咯环C、吡啶酮环D和α-羟基内酯环E组成,其中20-位为S构型,其结构如下:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000146
其中的内酯环(E环)、吡啶酮环(D环)以及C20位的羟基被认为是CPT发挥拓扑异构酶Ⅰ抑制作用达到抗肿瘤效果的必需基团。
在本申请中,术语“10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物”通常是指在喜树碱10-位上存在二氟甲基取代的喜树碱衍生物(CN201810497805),其以引用方式整体并入本申请。
在本申请中,术语“喜树碱”,“伊喜替康”,“拓扑替康”,“伊立替康”,“”,“贝洛替康”,“勒托替康”,“CKD-602”,“吉马替康”,“karenitecin”,“BN-80915”,“羟基喜树碱”,“9-氨基喜树碱”,“9-硝基喜树碱”,“7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱”,“7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱”,根据其在本领域中理解的一般和普通含义使用。
在本申请中,术语“药学上可接受的”成分通常是指适用于人和/或动物而无过度不良副反应(如毒性、刺激和变态反应),即有合理的效益/风险比的物质。
在本申请中,术语“溶剂化物”通常是指一个或多个溶剂分子与本申请的化合物的缔合物(assocI-Btion)或配合物(complex)。形成溶剂化物的溶剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于水、异丙醇、乙醇、甲醇、DMSO、乙酸乙酯、乙酸和乙醇胺。术语“水合物”通常是指溶剂分子为水的配合物。
在本申请中,术语“光学异构体”或“立体异构体”通常是指具有相同化学组成但空间中原子或基团的排列不同的化合物,包括可能存在的任何各种立体异构构型,包括几何异构体。应当理解,取代基可以与碳原子的手性中心连接。术语“手性”是指与其镜像分子对具有非重叠性特征的分子,而术语“非手性”是指与其镜像分子对能够重叠的分子。因此,本发明包括化合物的对映异构体、非对映异构体或外消旋体。“对映异构体”是彼此镜像不重叠的一对立体异构体。一对对映异构体的1:1混合物为“外消旋”混合物。在适当的时候,该术语用于命名外消旋混合物。“非对映异构体”为具有至少两个不对称原子的立体异构体,但是它们不是彼此的镜像。绝对立体化学根据Cahn-lngold-PrelogR-S系统说明。当化合物为纯对映体时,每个手性碳的立体化学可以指定为R或S。根据它们在钠D线波长处旋转平面偏振光的方向(右旋或左旋),可以将绝对构型未知的拆分化合物指定为(+)或(-)。本文中所述的某些化合物含有一或多个不对称中心或轴,因此可以产生对映异构体、非对映异构体和其它立体异构形式, 它们可以根据绝对立体化学指定为(R)-或(S)-。
在本申请中,术语“互变异构体”通常是指具有不同能量的结构异构体,其可通过低能垒相互转化。例如,质子互变异构体(也称为质子互变的异构体)包括通过质子迁移的相互转化,例如酮-烯醇和亚胺-烯胺异构化。化合价互变异构体包括通过重组一些成键电子的相互转化。
在本申请中,术语“同位素”通常包括具有相同原子数而不同质量数的原子。可掺入本申请所述的化合物及其药学上可接受的盐中的同位素的实例包括氢、碳、氮、氧、磷、硫、氟、碘和氯的同位素,例如, 2H、 3H、 11C、 13C、 14C、 15N、 17O、 18O、 31P、 32P、 35S、 18F、 36Cl、 123I和 125I。本申请所公开的主题还可以包括同位素标记形式的本申请所述的化合物。
在本申请中,术语“代谢物”通常是指通过在体内代谢特定化合物或其盐而产生的产物。可使用本领域已知的常规技术鉴定化合物的代谢物,并使用如本申请所述的测试确定它们的活性。此类产物可由例如所述给药的化合物的氧化、羟基化、还原、水解、酰胺化、脱酰胺化、酯化、脱酯化、酶促裂解等产生。因此,本申请还可以包括本申请化合物的代谢物,包括通过以下方法产生的化合物,该方法包括使本申请化合物与哺乳动物接触足以产生其代谢产物的时间段。
在本申请中,术语“前药”或“前体药物”通常是指药物前体的化合物,其在给予受试者时,通过代谢或化学过程经历化学转化,得到本申请的化合物或其盐。关于前药的内容是本领域所熟知的(参见,例如Berge et al.(1977)"Pharmaceutical Salts",J.Pharm.Sci.66:1-19)。
在本申请中,术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指能够保持本申请化合物的生物学效果和特性的盐,该盐一般没有生物学或其它方面的不利之处。其包括药学上可接受的有机盐或无机盐,实例性盐包括但不限于硫酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乙酸盐、草酸盐、氯化物、溴化物、碘化物、硝酸盐、硫酸氢盐、磷酸盐、酸式磷酸盐、异烟酸盐、乳酸盐、水杨酸盐、酸式柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、油酸盐、丹宁酸盐、泛酸盐、酒石酸氢盐、抗坏血酸盐、琥珀酸盐、马来酸盐、龙胆酸盐、富马酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、葡萄糖醛酸盐、糖酸盐、甲酸盐、苯甲酸盐、谷氨酸盐、甲磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、双羟萘酸盐(即1,1'-亚甲基-双-(2-羟基-3-萘甲酸)盐)、碱金属(例如钠和钾)盐、碱土金属(例如镁)盐和铵盐。药学上可接受的盐可涉及包含另一种分子,该分子例如乙酸根离子、琥珀酸根离子或其它抗衡离子。该抗衡离子可为任何有机或无机部分,其稳定所述母体化合物上的电荷。此外,药学上可接受的盐在其结构中可具有多于一个带电的原子。在多个带电原子为药学上可接受的盐的一部分的实例中,该盐可以具有多个抗衡离子。因此,药学上可接受的盐可具有一个或多个带电原子和/或一个或多个抗衡离子。
在本申请中,术语“连接子”或“连接子单元”通常是指在药物-配体偶联物中将药物(如喜树碱)与配体单元相连的双官能部分。本申请的连接子单元具有若干组分(例如,在一些实施方案中,其具有碱性单元的延伸单元;可存在或不存在的支化单元;间隔单元;可释放组装单元)。
在本申请中,术语,“PEG”、“PEG单元”或“聚乙二醇”为由重复的乙烯-氧基亚单元组成的有机部分并可以是多分散的、单分散的或离散的(即,具有离散数目的乙烯-氧基亚单元)。多分散PEG为大小和分子量的非均匀混合物,而单分散PEG通常是从非均匀混合物纯化的并因此具有单一的链长和分子量。本申请的PEG单元可以包含一个或多个聚乙二醇链,每个聚乙二醇链由一个或多个彼此共价连接的乙烯氧基亚单元构成。聚乙二醇链可例如以线形、支化或星形构型连接在一起。通常,每个聚乙二醇链中未与连接子单元的其余部分的共价连接的末端乙烯氧基亚单元由PEG封端单元修饰,所述封端单元通常为任选被取代的烷基如–CH 3、CH 2CH 3或CH 2CH 2CO 2H。在一些实施方式中,PEG单元具有有着1至20个-CH 2CH 2O-亚单元的单一聚乙二醇链,这些亚单元串联地共价连接并在一端处由PEG封端单元终止。
在本申请中,术语“任选取代的”表示所涉基团可以是取代的或未被取代的。当被取代时,“任选取代的”基团的取代基可以包括但不限于一个或多个独立地选自单独或组合的以下基团或特别指定的一组基团的取代基:烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环烷基、羟基、烷氧基、巯基、氰基、卤素、羰基、硫代羰基、异氰酸基、硫氰酸基、异硫氰酸基、硝基、全卤代烷基和包括单取代及双取代氨基基团的氨基,及其受保护的衍生物。任选取代基的非限制性示例包括卤素、-CN、=O、=N-OH、=N-OR、=N-R、-OR、-C(O)R、-C(O)OR、-OC(O)R、-OC(O)OR、-C(O)NHR、-C(O)NR 2、-OC(O)NHR、-OC(O)NR 2、-SR-、-S(O)R、-S(O) 2R、-NHR、-N(R) 2、-NHC(O)R、-NRC(O)R、-NHC(O)OR、-NRC(O)OR、S(O) 2NHR、-S(O) 2N(R) 2、-NHS(O) 2NR 2、-NRS(O) 2NR 2、-NHS(O) 2R、-NRS(O) 2R、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6烷氧基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、卤素取代的C 1-6烷基、和卤素取代的C 1-6烷氧基,其中各R独立选自H、卤素、C 1-6烷基、C 1-6烷氧基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、卤素取代的C 1-6烷基、和卤素取代的C 1-6烷氧基。此类取代基团的位置和数量按各基团熟知的价态限制确定,例如=O是烷基的合适取代基但不适于芳基。两个取代基可以连接在一起以形成含有一至三个杂原子的五、六或七元芳族或非芳族碳环或杂环,例如形成亚甲二氧基或亚乙二氧基。
在涉及到具体命名时,取代基通常置于被取代的基团之前,例如“C 1-3烷氧基C 3-8环烷基C 1-6烷基”指C 1-6烷基,其被C 3-8环烷基取代,而该C 3-8环烷基又为C 1-3烷氧基取代,举 例:甲氧基环丁基甲基的结构式为:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000147
在本申请中,碳原子数目通常是通过前缀“C x-C y”或“C x-y”表示的,其中,x是取代基中的碳原子的最小数目,y是最大数目。例如,“C 1-C 6烷基”或“C 1-6烷基”是指含有1至6个碳原子的烷基取代基。进一步举例说明,C 3-C 6环烷基或C 3-6环烷基是指含有3至6个碳环原子的饱和环烷基。
在本申请中,术语“烷基”通常是指直链、支链或环状的饱和的由碳和氢构成的取代基。烷基的非限制性实例包括:甲基、乙基、丙基(包括正丙基和异丙基)、丁基(包括正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基和叔丁基)、戊基、异戊基、己基,等等。视情况而定,烷基可以根据权利要求所定义在每个碳上任选被取代。典型的取代基包括但不局限于:氟、氯、OH、氰基、烷基(任选被取代)、环烷基,等等。
在本申请中,术语“环烷基”通常指饱和单环环烃基。单环一般包括3至10个碳原子。环烷基的非限制实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环戊烯基、环己基、环己烯基、环己二烯基、环庚基等。
在本申请中,术语“杂环基”或“杂环”通常是指环的结构上含由至少一个杂原子,具体可以是例如含义1个或1个以上的从O、S和N中任意选择的相同或不同杂原子的非芳族杂环基、双环杂环基和多环杂环基等。
术语“芳基”通常是指烃族单环或双环芳族环系,其中,这种环可以稠合。如果环是稠合的环,则其中的一个环必须是完全不饱和的环,并且稠环可以是完全饱和、部分不饱和或完全不饱和的环。术语“稠合”是指,第二个环与第一个环共用(即,共享)两个相邻原子而存在(即,连接或形成)。术语“芳基”包括芳族基,例如,苯基、萘基、四氢萘基、茚满基、联苯、4-(吡啶-3-基)苯基、2,3-二氢-1H茚基和1,2,3,4-四氢萘基。
术语“杂芳基”通常是指在5至10元的芳族环系统中含至少一个杂原子(例如,氧、硫、氮或其组合)的芳族基团(例如,吡咯基、吡啶基、吡唑基、吲哚基、吲唑基、噻吩基、呋喃基、苯并呋喃基、噁唑基、咪唑基、四唑基、三嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、噻唑基、嘌呤基、苯并咪唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、1H-苯并[d][1,2,3]三唑基等)。杂芳族基团可由单环或稠环系统组成。典型的单杂芳基环为含1至3个独立地选自氧、硫和氮的杂原子的5-至6元环,且典型的稠合杂芳基环系统为含1至4个独立地选自氧、硫和氮的杂原子的9-至10元的环系统。稠合的杂芳基环系统可由两个稠合在一起的杂芳基环组成,或由稠合于芳基(例如,苯基)的杂芳基组成。
在本申请中,通常用楔形实线键
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000148
和楔形虚线键
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000149
表示一个立体中心的绝对构型,用直形实线键
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000150
和直形虚线键
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000151
表示立体中心的相对构型。除非特别说明,本发明中,所有出现的化合物均意在包括所有可能的光学异构体,如单一手性的化合物,或各种不同手性化合物的混合物(即外消旋体)。本发明的所有化合物之中,各手性碳原子可以任选地为R构型或S构型,或R构型和S构型的混合物。
在本申请中,术语“载体”可以包括药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂或稳定剂,它们对所用剂量和浓度的细胞或哺乳动物是无毒的。所述生理学上可接受的载体通常为pH缓冲水溶液。生理学上可接受的载体的非限制性实例包括缓冲剂,例如磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐和其它有机酸;抗氧化剂,包括抗坏血酸;低分子量(小于约10个残基)多肽;蛋白质,例如血清白蛋白、明胶或免疫球蛋白;亲水性聚合物,例如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮;氨基酸,例如甘氨酸、谷氨酰胺、天冬酰胺、精氨酸或赖氨酸;单糖、二糖和其它碳水化合物,包括葡萄糖、甘露糖或糊精;螯合剂,例如EDTA;糖醇如甘露醇或山梨糖醇;成盐的抗衡离子,例如钠;以及/或非离子表面活性剂,例如TWEENTM、聚乙二醇(PEG)和PLURONICSTM。在某些实施方案中,所述药学上可接受的载体为非天然存在的药学上可接受的载体。
在本申请中,术语“异常”通常指偏离标准,例如普通健康对象或细胞和/或一群普通健康对象或细胞。本文所用的术语“异常表达”指与正常的健康细胞或对象和/或一群正常的健康细胞或对象相比,某细胞或对象的基因产物(例如,RNA、蛋白质、多肽或肽)异常表达。这种异常表达可以是基因扩增或基因表达受抑制所致。在一些实施方式中,DNA酶拓扑异构酶I有关的“异常表达”指DNA酶拓扑异构酶I的表达升高、降低或不适当。在具体的实施方式中,术语“活性异常”指DNA酶拓扑异构酶I偏离在健康细胞或对象和/或一群正常的健康细胞或对象的正常活性。
在本申请中,术语“表达上调”通常是指核酸mRNA水平表达的增加或多肽水平表达的增加。该术语也可以涉及增加的多肽活性和/或功能所需的翻译后修饰,例如加上糖部分,磷酸化等。
在本申请中,术语“抑制剂”通常是指本领域已知的并且涉及能够完全或部分地预防或降低一种或多种特定蛋白质(例如拓扑异构酶I)的生理功能(即活性)的化合物/物质。抑制剂也称为“拮抗剂”。在本发明的上下文中,拓扑异构酶I的抑制剂可预防或降低或抑制或灭活拓扑异构酶I的生理活性。
在本申请中,术语“拓扑异构酶I抑制剂”的实例包括但不限于托泊替康、吉马替康(gimatecan)、依立替康、喜树碱及其类似物、9-硝基喜树碱和大分子喜树碱共轭物PNU- 166148(WO 99/17804中的化合物A1);10-羟基喜树碱醋酸盐;依托泊苷;盐酸伊达比星;盐酸依立替康;替尼泊苷;托泊替康、盐酸托泊替康;阿霉素;表柔比星、盐酸表柔比星;4’-表阿霉素、米托蒽醌、盐酸米托蒽醌;柔红霉素、盐酸柔红霉素、戊柔比星和dasatinib(BMS-354825)。
在本申请中,术语“治疗(treat)”或“治疗(treatment)”通常是指治疗性治疗和预防性治疗,其中目的在于抑制或减慢(减轻)不希望的生理变化或病症,如癌症的发展或扩散。就本发明的目的而言,有益的或期望的临床结果包括但不限于症状的减轻、疾病程度的减弱、疾病状态的稳定化(即,不恶化)、疾病进展的延迟或减慢、疾病状态的改善或缓和、及缓解(无论是部分还是全部),无论是可检测的还是不可检测的。与未接受治疗的预期生存期相比,“治疗”还可能意味着生存期延长。需要治疗的那些包括已经患上该疾病或病症的那些以及容易患上该疾病或病症的那些。在癌症的范畴内,术语“治疗”还可以包括以下中的任何或全部:杀伤肿瘤细胞;抑制肿瘤细胞、癌细胞或肿瘤的生长;抑制肿瘤细胞或癌细胞的复制;减轻总体肿瘤负荷或减少癌细胞的数量;和改善伴随疾病的一种或多种症状。
术语“给药”或“施用”包括将所述化合物引入受试者以实现其预期功能的途径。可使用的给药途径的非限制性实例包括注射(皮下、静脉内、肠胃外、腹膜内、鞘内)、局部、口服、吸入、直肠和经皮。
术语“接触”通常是指两种两个或更多个不同类型的物质以任何顺序、任何方式以及任何时长接触在一起。当应用于细胞时,“接触”意指借以将本申请的化合物递送到靶细胞或与靶细胞直接靠近放置的方法,该递送可以是体外的或体内的。
在本申请中,术语“有效量”通常包括在必要的剂量和时间段内有效实现所需结果的量。有效量的化合物可根据例如受试者的疾病状态、年龄和体重等因素以及该化合物在该受试者中引发所需响应的能力而变化。可调整剂量方案以提供最佳治疗响应。
在本申请中,术语“治疗有效量”通常是指有效治疗哺乳动物中的疾病或素乱的偶联物的量。在癌症的情况中,治疗有效量的偶联物可减少癌细胞数量;减小肿瘤尺寸;抑制(即延缓至一定程度,优选终止)癌细胞浸润浸入周围器官;抑制(即延缓至一定程度,优选终止)肿瘤转移;一定程度上抑制肿瘤生长;和/或一定程度上减轻与所述癌症相关联的一种或多种症状。就药物可抑制癌细胞生长和/或杀死现存的癌细胞的程度而言,其可能是抑制细胞生长的和/或细胞毒性的。就癌症治疗而言,功效可以,例如,通过评估疾病进展的时间(TTP)和/或确定响应率(RR)来检测。
在本申请中,术语“受试者”或“患者”是指动物,例如哺乳动物,包括但不限于灵长类动物 (例如人)、牛、绵羊、山羊、马、狗、猫、兔、大鼠、小鼠等。在某些实施方案中,所述受试者为人。
发明详述
连接子
一方面,本申请提供一种连接子,其包含Lb结构片段,其中Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000152
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。例如,下标q选自1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19和20。
在某些实施方式中,其包含Lb-Lc结构片段,Lb结构通过羰基与Lc片段连接,其中,所述Lc是可释放组装单元且Lc能够与药物单元连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述Lc结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000153
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000154
可选地,所述Lc结构通过胺基与Lb结构的羰基连接,且Lc能够通过羰基与药物单元连接。
例如,所述Lb-Lc结构片段可以选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000155
在某些实施方式中,其具有式(I)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000156
其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000157
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优 选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元,其能够与药物单元连接。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子具有式(Ia),式(Ib),式(Ic)或式(Id)所示的结构:
La——Lb——Lc,
式(Ia)
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000158
在某些实施方式中,其中B结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000159
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中B结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000160
其中每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构包括马来酰胺类连接子片段。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000161
其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺/琥珀酰胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;并且R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000162
R”选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基;其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;其中下标n选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~5,最优选1~3。
在某些实施方式中,R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、羟基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基。
在某些实施方式中,R’选自:C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构选自下式:
i)
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000163
其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;
ii)
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000164
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000165
其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,R”选自:甲基、乙基或丙基;
其中,每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000166
其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;其中下标s选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000167
其中下标s选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5,La结构通过羰基与B或者Lb结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺的3位与配体单元连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中La结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000168
其中R”选自甲基、乙基和丙基,下标s选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5,La结构通过羰基与B或者Lb结构片段连接。
例如,La结构可以选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000169
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000170
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000171
下标s选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5,La结构通过羰基与B或者Lb结构片段连接。
在某些实施方式中,其具有式(Ia)或式(Ib)所示的结构:
La——Lb——Lc,
式(Ia)
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000172
其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000173
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000174
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优 选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;Lc是可释放组装单元,其能够与药物单元连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述连接子选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000175
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000176
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000177
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000178
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000179
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000180
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000181
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000182
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000183
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000184
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000185
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000186
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000187
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000188
其中,
R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000189
R”为任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基;其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;其中下标n选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~5,最优选1~3;
每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述连接子选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000190
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000191
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000192
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000193
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000194
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000195
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000196
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000197
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000198
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000199
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000200
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000201
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000202
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000203
其中,R”选自甲基、乙基和丙基,每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述连接子选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000204
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000205
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000206
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000207
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000208
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000209
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000210
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000211
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000212
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000213
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000214
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000215
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000216
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000217
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000218
其中,R”选自甲基、乙基和丙基,每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数。
另一方面,本申请提供了前述连接子在制备药物中的用途,所述药物包括连接子-药物缀合物或配体-药物偶联物。
连接子-药物缀合物
另一方面,本申请提供了一种包含前述连接子的连接子-药物缀合物,其具有式(II)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000219
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000220
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物具有式(IIa),式(IIb),式(IIc)或式(IId)所示的结构:
La——Lb——Lc——D,
式(IIa)
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000221
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物具有式(IIa)或式(IIb)所示的结构:
La——Lb——Lc——D,
式(IIa)
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000222
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000223
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000224
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
例如,所述连接子-药物缀合物选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000225
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000226
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000227
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000228
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000229
其中,
R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;
每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述药物单元D包括可检测标记物、药物、细胞因子、酶,或其组合。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述药物单元D包括细胞毒剂和/或细胞抑制剂。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述药物单元D包括DNA酶拓扑异构酶I(拓扑I)的抑制剂。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述药物单元D包括喜树碱及其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其具有式(III)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000230
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时, m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000231
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000232
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物具有式(IIIa),式(IIIb),式(IIIc)或式(IIId)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000233
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000234
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物具有式(IIIa)或式(IIIb)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000235
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000236
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000237
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000238
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
例如,所述的连接子-药物缀合物可以选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000239
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000240
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000241
其中,
R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;
每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物包括10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物及其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000242
式中,R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基,R 1的结合位点为苯环上未取代的三个位点中的任一个;R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;R 3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000243
式中,R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;R 3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 1选自氢、氨基和
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000244
R 4、R 5分别选自氢、任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基、任选取代的芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 2选自乙基、
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000245
其中R 4、R 5分别选自氢、任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基和任选取代的芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 3选自氢、酰基、任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 3选自氢、
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000246
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000247
例如,所述的连接子-药物缀合物可以选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000248
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自选自:喜树碱、伊喜替康、拓扑替康、伊立替康、、贝洛替康、勒托替康(GG-211)、CKD-602、吉马替康(ST1481)、karenitecin(BNP-1350)、BN-80915、羟基喜树碱(HCPT)、9-氨基喜树碱、9-硝基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(SN38)、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自喜树碱、伊喜替康、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的溶剂化物、水合物、立体异构体、互变异构体、同位素标记物、代谢物、前药、药学上可接受的盐。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物具有式(IVa),式(IVb),式(IVc),或式(IVd)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000249
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000250
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的连接子-药物缀合物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000251
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000252
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000253
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000254
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000255
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
配体-药物偶联物
另一方面,本申请提供一种包含前述的连接子或前述的连接子-药物缀合物的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(V)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000256
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000257
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(Va),式(Vb),式(Vc)或式(Vd) 所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000258
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(Va)或式(Vb)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000259
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000260
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000261
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述药物单元D包括细胞毒剂和/或细胞抑制剂。
在某些实施方式中,所述药物单元D包括用于癌症治疗的细胞毒剂。
在某些实施方式中,所述药物单元D包括DNA酶拓扑异构酶I(拓扑I)的抑制剂。
在某些实施方式中,所述药物单元D包括喜树碱及其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VI)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000262
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000263
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000264
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VIa),式(VIb),式(VIc)或式(VId)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000265
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000266
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VIa)或式(VIb)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000267
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000268
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000269
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000270
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物包括10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物及其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000271
其中,
R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基,R 1的结合位点为苯环上未取代的三个位点中的任一个;
R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;
R 3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000272
其中,
R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;
R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;
R 3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 1选自氢、氨基和
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000273
R 4、R 5分别选自氢、任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基、任选取代的芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 2选自乙基、
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000274
其中R 4、R 5分别选自氢、任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基、任选取代的芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 3选自氢、酰基、任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 3选自氢、
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000275
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000276
例如,所述配体-药物偶联物可以选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000277
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000278
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000279
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自:喜树碱、伊喜替康、拓扑替康、伊立替康、、贝洛替康、勒托替康(GG-211)、CKD-602、吉马替康(ST1481)、karenitecin(BNP-1350)、BN-80915、羟基喜树碱(HCPT)、9-氨基喜树碱、9-硝基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(SN38)、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自喜树碱、伊喜替康、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的溶剂化物、水合物、立体异构体、互变异构体、同位素标记物、代谢物、前药、药学上可接受的盐。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VIIa),式(VIIb),式(VIIc),或式(VIId)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000280
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000281
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000282
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000283
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000284
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
L是配体单元,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000285
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000286
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述配体包括抗体。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗体包括单克隆抗体、多克隆抗体、二聚体、多聚体、多特异性抗体、完整抗体、抗体片段、人抗体、人源化抗体、嵌合抗体或来自其他物种的抗体。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗体片段包括:Fab,Fab’,F(ab’)2,Fv片段,scFv抗体片 段,线性抗体,单结构域抗体(如sdAB),骆驼科VHH结构域,或由抗体片段形成的多特异性抗体。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗体包括经修饰或未经修饰的类似物和衍生物,且允许抗体保留其抗原结合免疫特异性。
在某些实施方式中,所述抗体或抗体片段具有药物-连接子必须的连接点数量。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VIII)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000287
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000288
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(VIIIa)或式(VIIIb)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000289
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000290
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000291
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000292
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
D是药物单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(IX)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000293
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000294
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元,
B是任选的支化单元,下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000295
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000296
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(IXa),式(IXb),式(IXc)或式(IXd)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000297
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000298
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(IXa)或式(IXb)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000299
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000300
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000301
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000302
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元;
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000303
代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物包括10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物及其衍生物。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000304
式中,R1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C1~C6烷基,R1的结合位点为苯环上未取代的三个位点中的任一个;R2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C1~C6烷基;R3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C1~C6烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000305
式中,R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;R 3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 1选自氢、氨基和
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000306
R 4、R 5分别选自氢、任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基、任选取代的芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 2选自乙基、
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000307
其中R 4、R 5分别选自氢、任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基和任选取代的芳基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 3选自氢、酰基、任选取代的C 1~C 4烷基。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述R 3选自氢、
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000308
在某些实施方式中,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000309
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自选自:喜树碱、伊喜替康、拓扑替康、伊立替康、、贝洛替康、勒托替康(GG-211)、CKD-602、吉马替康(ST1481)、karenitecin(BNP-1350)、BN-80915、羟基喜树碱(HCPT)、9-氨基喜树碱、9-硝基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(SN38)、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的衍生物。
例如,所述配体-药物偶联物可以选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000310
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000311
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;优选p是1时,m是2;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000312
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
例如,所述的配体-药物偶联物可以选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000313
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000314
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000315
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000316
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000317
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000318
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000319
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,
R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;
每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,
每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,
每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8;
每个下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自喜树碱、伊喜替康、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的溶剂化物、水合物、立体异构体、互变异构体、同位素标记物、代谢物、前药、药学上可接受的盐。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物具有式(Xa),(Xb),(Xc)或(Xd)所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000320
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000321
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是任选的支化单元,下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000322
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000323
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000324
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000325
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
La是延伸单元;
B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000326
下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
Lb结构选自下式:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000327
其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
Lc是可释放组装单元。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000328
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000329
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000330
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体,
R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;
每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,
每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,
每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8;
每个下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000331
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000332
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000333
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
Ab代表抗体;
每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~5;
每个下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8;
每个下标r选自1~4中的任意整数;
每个下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述下标s为2。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述下标r为2。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述下标q为7。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述La结构通过琥珀酰亚胺的3位与抗体的巯基连接。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述配体包括单克隆抗体(mAb)或其抗原结合片段。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物选自以下结构:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000334
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000335
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,mAb代表单克隆抗体。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述配体靶向结合肿瘤抗原。
在某些实施方式中,所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述配体靶向结合受体酪氨酸-蛋白激酶ERBB2(HER2),表皮生长因子受体(EGFR),TROP2和/或FGFR2b。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述配体包括抗HER2抗体,抗EGFR抗体,抗TROP2抗体和抗FGFR2b抗体。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗HER2抗体包括曲妥珠单抗(trastuzumab),帕妥珠单抗(Pertuzumab)或伊尼妥单抗(Inetetamab)。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗TROP2抗体包括戈沙妥组单抗(Sacituzumab)。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗FGFR2b抗体包括Bemarituzumab。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述抗EGFR抗体包括西妥昔单抗(Cetuximab)、帕尼单抗(panitumumab)、耐昔妥珠单抗(Necitumumab)或尼妥珠单抗(Nimotuzumab)。
用途
另一方面,本申请提供前述的连接子-药物缀合物或前述的配体-药物偶联物在制备药物中的用途,其中所述药物用于治疗过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病。
本文使用的“肿瘤抗原”,包括本领域已知的含义,其包括在肿瘤细胞上表达(或与肿瘤细胞发育相关)、已知或被认为对肿瘤细胞的致瘤特性有作用的任何分子。许多肿瘤抗原为本领域已知。一种分子是否为肿瘤抗原还可以根据本领域技术人员熟知的技术和测定法确定,例如克隆发生测定法(clonogenic assay)、转化试验、体外或体内肿瘤形成测定法、凝胶迁移测定法(gel migration assay)、基因敲除分析等。非限制性地,肿瘤抗原可以包括分子如EGFR、HER2/neu、HER3、HER4、TROP2、FGFR2b、EpCAM、CEA、TRAIL、TRAIL受体1、TRAIL受体2、淋巴毒素β受体、CCR4、CD19、CD20、CD22、CD28、CD33、CD40、CD80、CSF-1R、CTLA-4、成纤维细胞活化蛋白(FAP)、hepsin、黑素瘤相关的硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖(MCSP)、前列腺特异性膜抗原(PSMA)、VEGF受体1、VEGF受体2、IGF1-R、TSLP-R、TIE-1、TIE-2、TNF-α、TNF样凋亡微弱诱导剂(TWEAK)或IL-1R。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述肿瘤抗原包括HER2,EGFR,TROP2和/或FGFR2b。
在某些实施方式中,所述过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病包括肿瘤。
在某些实施方式中,所述过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病包括表达HER2,EGFR,TROP2和/或FGFR2b的肿瘤。例如,所述过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病可以包括HER2阳性肿瘤。又例如,所述过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病可以包括TROP2阳性肿瘤。又例如,所述过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病可以 包括FGFR2b阳性肿瘤。
另一方面,本申请提供前述的连接子-药物缀合物或前述的配体-药物偶联物在作为DNA酶拓扑异构酶I抑制剂中的用途。
另一方面,本申请提供前述的连接子-药物缀合物或前述的配体-药物偶联物在制备药物中的用途,其中所述药物用于癌症。
本申请的配体-药物偶联物(例如抗体-喜树碱偶联物)可用于抑制肿瘤细胞或癌细胞的增殖,引起肿瘤或癌细胞的凋亡,或用于在患者中治疗癌症。配体-药物偶联物相应地用于多种环境中以治疗癌症。配体-药物偶联物意欲用来向肿瘤细胞或癌细胞递送药物。不受理论的束缚,在一个实施方案中,配体-药物偶联物的配体单元将与癌细胞或肿瘤细胞相关抗原结合或缀合,并且配体-药物偶联物在肿瘤细胞或癌细胞内通过受体介导的内吞作用或其他内在化机制被吸收(内在化)。在一些实施方案中,抗原连接到肿瘤细胞或癌细胞,或者可以是与肿瘤细胞或癌细胞相关的细胞外基质蛋白。一旦进入细胞中,经由活化单元的活化,药物在细胞内释放。在一个替代的实施方案中,游离药物在肿瘤细胞或癌细胞外从配体-药物偶联物释放,并且游离药物随后穿透细胞。在一个实施方案中,配体单元与肿瘤细胞或癌细胞结合。在另一个实施方案中,配体单元与肿瘤细胞或癌细胞的表面上的肿瘤细胞或癌细胞抗原结合。在另一个实施方案中,配体单元与肿瘤细胞或癌细胞抗原结合,所述肿瘤细胞或癌细胞抗原是与肿瘤细胞或癌细胞相关的细胞外基质蛋白。
意欲用本申请的配体-药物偶联物治疗的癌症包括但不限于造血系统癌症,如例如淋巴瘤(霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤)以及白血病和实体瘤。造血系统癌症的实例包括滤泡性淋巴瘤、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤、套细胞淋巴瘤、急性粒细胞性白血病、慢性粒细胞性白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤和多发性骨髓瘤。实体瘤的实例包括纤维肉瘤、粘液肉瘤、脂肪肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、成骨肉瘤、脊索瘤、血管肉瘤、内皮肉瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、淋巴管内皮肉瘤、滑膜瘤、间皮瘤、尤因氏瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、结肠癌、结直肠癌、肾癌、胰腺癌、骨癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、食道癌、胃癌、口腔癌、鼻癌、咽喉癌、鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌、腺癌、汗腺癌、皮脂腺癌、乳头状癌、乳头状腺癌、囊腺癌、髓样癌、支气管癌、肾细胞癌、肝癌、胆管癌、绒毛膜癌、精原细胞瘤、胚胎癌、威尔姆斯氏瘤、宫颈癌、子宫癌、睾丸癌、小细胞肺癌、膀胱癌、肺癌、上皮癌、胶质瘤、多形性胶质母细胞瘤、星形细胞瘤、髓母细胞瘤、颅咽管瘤、室管膜瘤、松果体瘤、血管母细胞瘤、听神经瘤、少突胶质细胞瘤、脑膜瘤、神经母细胞瘤和视网膜母细胞瘤。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述癌症包括HER2表达和/或活性上调的癌症。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述癌症包括EGFR表达和/或活性上调的癌症。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述癌症包括肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、食道癌、唾液腺癌、胃食道交界处腺癌、胆道癌、佩吉特氏病、胰腺癌、卵巢癌或子宫癌肉瘤。
另一方面,本申请提供前述的连接子-药物缀合物或前述的配体-药物偶联物在治疗癌症中的用途。
另一方面,本申请提供药物组合物,其包含前述的连接子-药物缀合物或前述的配体-药物偶联物,以及药学上可接受的载体。
本申请提供了包含本文所述的配体-药物偶联物和至少一种药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。药物组合物呈允许将化合物施用给患者以治疗与配体单元结合的抗原的表达相关的病症的任何形式。例如,缀合物呈液体或固体的形式。优选的施用途径是肠胃外。肠胃外施用包括皮下注射、静脉内、肌肉内、胸骨内注射或输注技术。在一个实施方案中,组合物肠胃外施用。在一个实施方案中,缀合物静脉内施用。通过任何方便的途径进行施用,例如通过输注或推注。
配制药物组合物以使得在向患者施用组合物后配体-药物偶联物是可生物利用的。组合物有时呈一个或多个剂量单位的形式。在药物组合物的制备中使用的材料在使用的量上优选是无毒的。对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的是,药物组合物中一种或多种活性成分的最佳剂量将取决于多种因素。相关因素包括但不限于动物的类型(例如,人)、化合物的特定形式、施用的方式和所采用的组合物。在一些实施方案中,组合物呈液体形式。在一些那些实施方案中,液体用于通过注射递送。在一些实施方案中,除了配体-药物偶联物,用于通过注射施用的组合物包含选自以下的一种或多种赋形剂:表面活性剂、防腐剂、湿润剂、分散剂、悬浮剂、缓冲剂、稳定剂和等渗剂。在一些实施方案中,液体组合物,无论它们是溶液、悬浮液还是其他类似形式,包含以下中的一种或多种:无菌稀释剂(如注射用水)、盐水溶液(优选生理盐水)、林格氏溶液、等渗氯化钠、可充当溶剂或悬浮介质的不挥发性油如合成的甘油单酯或甘油二酯、聚乙二醇、甘油、环糊精、丙二醇或其他溶剂;抗细菌剂,如苯甲醇或对羟基苯甲酸甲酯;抗氧化剂,如抗坏血酸或亚硫酸氢钠;螯合剂,如乙二胺四乙酸;缓冲剂,如氨基酸、乙酸盐、柠檬酸盐或磷酸盐;洗涤剂,如非离子表面活性剂、多元醇;以及用于调节张力的试剂,如氯化钠或右旋糖。肠胃外组合物有时封装在由玻璃、塑料或其他材料制成的安瓿瓶、一次性注射器或多剂量小瓶中。生理盐水是示例性的佐剂。可注射组合物优选是无菌的。
另一方面,本申请提供一种治疗疾病或病症的方法,所述方法包括向有此需要的受试者 施用有效量的前述的连接子-药物缀合物、前述的配体-药物偶联物或前述的药物组合物。
在一些实施方案中,在特定病症或病的治疗中有效的缀合物的量将取决于疾病或病症的性质,并通过标准临床技术来确定。另外,任选采用体外或体内测定法来帮助鉴定最佳剂量范围。组合物中待采用的精确剂量还取决于施用途径以及疾病或病症的严重性,并应根据从业者的判断和每个患者的情况来决定。
在某些实施方式中,其中所述疾病或病症包括癌症。
另一方面,本申请提供一种抑制癌细胞活性或杀伤癌细胞的方法,所述方法包括将癌细胞与有效量的前述的连接子-药物缀合物、前述的配体-药物偶联物或前述的药物组合物接触。
另一方面,本申请提供药盒,其包含前述的连接子-药物缀合物、前述的配体-药物偶联物或前述的药物组合物,任选地包含另外的治疗剂。
不欲被任何理论所限,下文中的实施例仅仅是为了阐释本申请的连接子、连接子-药物缀合物、配体-药物偶联物、及它们的制备方法和用途等,而不用于限制本申请发明的范围。
实施例
聚合物/裂解物(SEC)
参照高效液相色谱色谱法(中国药典2020版通则0512)测定。
供试品溶液取本品,作为供试品溶液。
色谱条件以亲水改性硅胶为填充剂(Sepax Zenix SEC-300(3μm,7.8mm ID×300mm),以0.15mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.0)作为流动相;流速为每分钟1.0ml;检测波长为280nm&370nm;柱温为25℃;进样体积10μl。
测定法精密量取供试品溶液,注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图至20min。
药物抗体偶联比(RPLC)
参照高效液相色谱色谱法(中国药典2020版通则0512)测定。
供试品溶液取1mg/ml的供试品溶液60μl,100mmol/L的二硫苏糖醇(DTT)水溶液15μl,混合均匀,在37℃水浴30min,即得。
空白取空白,同法配制。
色谱条件用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂(PLRP-S,
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000336
(8μm,4.6mm ID×150mm,Agilent technologies),以水/三氟乙酸(1000:0.5,v/v)作为流动相A,以乙腈/三氟乙酸(1000:0.4,v/v)作为流动相B,按下表进行梯度洗脱;流速为每分钟1.0ml;检测波长为280nm;柱温为80℃;进样体积10μl。
时间(分钟) 流动相A(%) 流动相B(%)
0.01 70 30
24.00 54 46
25.00 70 30
35.00 70 30
测定法精密量取供试品溶液,注入液相色谱仪,记录色谱图。
实施例1:La-B片段的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000337
反应1:将反应物Fmoc-L-谷氨酸7.4g和甘氨酸叔丁酯5.8g以及10g DIPEA溶于二氯甲烷/DMF(150mL/40mL)混合液中,加入18.g HATU,室温下搅拌反应1h,向反应液中加水150mL搅拌,分层后有机层水洗,干燥蒸干后得到粗产品;MS[ESI]m/z:596.7[M+H] +
反应2:将上述产物溶于100mL二氯甲烷中,加入30mL三氟乙酸,室温下反应4h,加水150mL,析出固体,过滤后水洗,乙酸乙酯洗,干燥后得到7.5g二酸。取二酸8.9g,甘氨酸叔丁酯5.3g以及9.5g DIPEA溶于二氯甲烷/DMF(180mL/45mL)混合液中,加入16.8g HATU,室温下搅拌反应90min,反应液中加水150mL,有机层水洗干燥,柱色谱纯化得到产物11g;MS[ESI]m/z:710.6[M+H]+。
反应3:取上述产物5g溶于50mL的DMF中,加入吗啉5mL,室温下搅拌反应80min,将反应液减压蒸干,将此产物与1.2g马来酰亚胺丙酸一起溶于二氯甲烷/DMF(50mL/12.5mL)混合液中,加入3.2g HATU,室温下反应80min,反应液加50mL水淬灭,混合液用二氯甲烷50mL萃取3次,合并有机相,用10%碳酸氢钠水溶液洗,水洗,5%盐酸洗,水洗,干燥蒸干,乙酸乙酯打浆后,固体干燥,得2.5g;MS[ESI]m/z:639.5[M+H]+。
反应4:将上述产物3g溶于30mL干燥二氯甲烷中,加入15mL三氟乙酸,室温下反应2.5h,加水1mL淬灭,减压蒸干,产物加100mL乙酸乙酯打浆2~3h,过滤,固体用乙酸乙酯洗,干燥后得到产物2.3g。MS[ESI]m/z:525.4[M-H]-,1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ= 13.78(2H),12.34(1H),8.77(2H),8.55(2H),7.51(2H),7.02(4H),3.62(5H),2.50(8H)。
实施例2:Lb片段的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000338
反应1:向200mL无水四氢呋喃中加入7.4g 60%的NaH,在搅拌下降温至0℃,搅拌30min,将反应物邻苯二甲酰亚胺基取代四甘醇46g溶于200mL四氢呋喃中,滴加至NaH混合液中,加完后自然升温,搅拌反应90min,将反应物环状磺酸二酯34.46g溶于200mL四氢呋喃中,缓慢滴加至上述反应液中,加完后搅拌反应15h,向反应液中加入水18mL,浓硫酸25mL,回流反应60min,降至室温,加入碳酸氢钠调节pH至7~8,减压蒸干,产物用二氯甲烷萃取,柱色谱分离,得到产物50g;MS[ESI]m/z:500.6[M+H]+。
反应2:取4.9g 60%的NaH分散至200mL无水四氢呋喃中,搅拌10min。取上述产物50g溶于100mL无水四氢呋喃中,滴加至NaH中,室温下搅拌20min。取16.8g硫酸二甲酯溶于无水四氢呋喃中,缓慢滴加至上述反应液中,室温下搅拌反应15h,加入水50mL终止反应,将反应液蒸干,加入二氯甲烷/水分层,有机相水洗,干燥蒸干,柱色谱纯化得到产物35g;MS[ESI]m/z:514.6[M+H]+。
反应3:取上述产物50g溶于甲醇500mL中,滴加水合肼7mL,在70℃反应2h,降温,将反应液蒸干,加入1N的稀盐酸搅拌30min,硅藻土过滤,水洗,水相用氢氧化钠调节pH至9~10,将水相减压蒸干,残留物用二氯甲烷溶解,过滤后滤液干燥蒸干,得到粗品25.5g,直接用于下一步反应;
反应4:将上述产物25.5g和Fmoc-谷氨酸单叔丁酯23.6g以及14.3g DIPEA一起溶于二氯甲烷/DMF(360mL/80mL)混合液中,然后加入25.28g HATU,在室温下搅拌反应40min,反应液水洗,稀盐酸洗2次,水洗,再用碳酸氢钠水溶液洗2次,水洗,干燥蒸干得到产品45g;MS[ESI]m/z:791.7[M+H]+。
反应5:取上述产物45g溶于二氯甲烷330mL中,加入三氟乙酸150mL,在室温下反应1h,反应液水洗四次,有机相蒸干,得到产物39g。MS[ESI]m/z:718.5[M-H]-,1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=12.09(OH),7.93(3H),7.74(1H),7.39(2H),7.32(2H),4.25(3H),4.00(1H),3.48 (26H),3.40(5H),3.26(5H),2.50(1H),2.24(2H),1.85(1H),1.79(1H)。
实施例3:Lb-Lc片段1的合成:
步骤1:Lc片段1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000339
反应1:将Fmoc-丙氨酸100g和65g HOBT和92.36g EDCI加至二氯甲烷/DMF(1.7L/0.3L)混合液中,搅拌后降温至0℃,缓慢加入104g DIPEA,在0℃反应30min,滴加46.35g甘氨酸叔丁酯,在室温下反应20h,将反应液水洗,2N的稀盐酸洗两次,碳酸钾水溶液洗两次,水洗两次后有机相干燥,蒸干后得到粗品144g,直接进行下一步反应;MS[ESI]m/z:425.5[M+H]+。
反应2:取上述产物110g溶于1L的DMF中,然后加入吗啉0.2L,在室温下反应2h,将反应液减压蒸干。将Fmoc-缬氨酸88g和52.6g HOBT和74.56g EDCI溶于二氯甲烷/DMF(1L/0.2L)混合液中,加入100gDIPEA,室温下搅拌30min,将上述脱保护基产物溶于二氯甲烷中,滴加入上述反应液中,室温反应5h后,反应液水洗,蒸干后得到粗产物,经柱色谱分离,得到产物90g;MS[ESI]m/z:791.7[M+H]+。
反应3:取上述产物70g和苯甲醚29g,加至0.5L二氯甲烷中搅拌,缓慢滴加100mL三氟乙酸,室温下搅拌反应5h,减压蒸干,向得到的固体中加入乙酸乙酯300mL,搅拌析晶,得到的固体过滤,乙酸乙酯洗,收集固体,母液蒸干后重复以上操作,一共得到固体60g;MS[ESI]m/z:466.5[M-H]-。
反应4:取5g上述产物,以及7.4mg醋酸铜,5.5g四醋酸铅,1.48g醋酸,溶于100mL的DMF中,在氮气保护下升温至60℃,反应4h,向反应液中加入乙酸乙酯1L,搅拌10min后过滤,滤液水洗两遍,干燥后蒸干,得到的固体加少量的正己烷打浆,过滤后固体用少量的乙腈洗涤,干燥后得到产物2.1g。MS[ESI]m/z:482.5[M+H]+,1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=8.89(1H),7.89(2H),7.89(2H),7.72(1H),7.41(3H),7.30(2H),5.08(1H),4.28(2H),4.22(1H),3.86(3H,S),1.98(4H),1.21(3H,d),0.85(6H)。
步骤2:Lb-Lc片段1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000340
反应1:将二肽化合物(步骤1产物)4.8g和0.25g PPTS溶于100mL二氯甲烷中,加入17g乙醇酸苄酯,在40℃下回流反应24h,反应液中加水50mL,有机层蒸干后柱色谱分离得到产物5.2g。MS[ESI]m/z:588.6[M+H]+,1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=8.72(1H),8.08(1H),7.89(2H),7.74(2H),7.43(10H),5.13(2H,S),4.63(2H,d),4.25(4H),4.13(1H,S),3.32(3H),2.21(3H,d),0.84(6H)。
反应2:取上述产物2g溶于20mL的DMF中,加入4mL吗啉,反应1h,减压蒸干,将此产物以及反应物Fmoc-L-谷氨酸单聚乙二醇酯(实施例2产物)2.4g溶于25mL的DMF中,加入0.43g DIPEA以及1.3g DMTMM,再加入2.5mL水,室温下反应80min,将反应液导入200mL水中,用二氯甲烷50mL提取两次,产物柱色谱纯化得到产物3.5g。MS[ESI]m/z:1083.3[M+H]+。
反应3:取上述产品2g,溶于乙醇/乙酸乙酯(80/40mL)混合液中,加入0.4g 10%Pd/C,氢化20h,反应液过滤,减压蒸干,固体用乙酸乙酯打浆,过滤干燥后得到产物1.9g。MS[ESI]m/z:991.2[M-H]-。
实施例4:Lb-Lc片段2的合成
步骤1:Lc片段2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000341
反应1:将Fmoc-L-丙氨酸25g,对氨基苄醇14.8g溶于DMF/水(300mL/40mL)混合液中,室温搅拌下加入31.1g DMTMM,搅拌反应30min,将梵音也导入1.5L水中,调节pH为2~3,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,有机相1N的稀盐酸洗,水洗,干燥蒸干,固体用乙腈打浆,过滤,固体用乙腈洗,干燥后得到粗产物20g;MS[ESI]m/z:417.5[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=9.94(1H),7.89(2H),7.75(2H),7.66(1H),7.56(2H),7.42(2H),7.34(2H),7.26(2H),5.11(1H,d),4.44(2H,d),4.19(4H,d),1.31(3H)。
反应2:取上述产物15.5g,溶于DMF/吗啉(100mL/50mL)混合液中,室温下搅拌反应2h,过滤,滤液减压蒸干。向此固体中加入Fmoc-缬氨酸11.48g,加DMF/水(100mL/15mL)混合液搅拌,室温下加入12.17g DMTMM,反应40min,将反应液导入1.2L水中,有固体析出,过滤,固体用水1L洗,将滤饼溶于1L的四氢呋喃中,加入氯化钠使分层,有机相干燥蒸干,固体用乙腈在40℃打浆,冷却后过滤,得到产物14.5g。MS[ESI]m/z:516.6[M+H]+。
步骤2:Lb-Lc片段2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000342
反应:取反应物二肽对氨基苄醇(步骤1产物)4.8g溶于50mL的DMF中,加入10mL吗啉,室温反应1h,减压蒸干,将产物与反应物Fmoc-L-谷氨酸单聚乙二醇酯(实施例2产物)6.2g一起溶于100mL的DMF中,加水14mL,搅拌10min,向体系中加入3.048g DMTMM,室温反应90min,反应液加二氯甲烷和稀盐酸分层,有机相蒸干,产物加少量稀盐酸搅拌,产物析出,过滤,水洗干燥,得到产物6.4g。MS[ESI]m/z:1011.2[M+H]+。
实施例5:Lb-Lc片段3的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000343
反应1:将二肽化合物(同实施例3步骤1产物)7.5g溶于300mL三氟乙酸中,加入2.44g巯基乙醇,室温下反应90min,加入30mL水淬灭,减压拯至约30mL液体剩余,加入150mL水搅拌30min,析出的固体过滤,水洗至中性,产物烘干,乙酸乙酯打浆,得到6.1g产物。MS[ESI]m/z:500.7[M+H]+。
反应2:取上述产物0.277g,用吗啉脱出保护基,蒸干,和反应物Fmoc-L-谷氨酸单聚乙二醇酯(实施例2产物)0.735g溶于10mL的DMF中,加入0.13g DIPEA和0.388g DMTMM,再加水1mL,室温反应40min,加水50mL,用30mL二氯甲烷萃取,有机层水洗,干燥后柱色谱纯化,得到产物0.5g。MS[ESI]m/z:995.2[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=11.15 (OH),7.89(2H),7.75(2H),7.42(2H),7.34(2H),4.25(6H),3.90(1H),3.49(34H),3.23(3H),2.19(2H),1.84(2H),1.28(12H),0.86(6H)。
实施例6:连接子-药物缀合物1a和1b的合成
步骤1:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000344
反应:取反应物取代乙醇酸2.0g以及伊喜替康甲磺酸盐0.85g溶于20mL的DMF中,加入0.41g DIPEA,再加入0.62g DMTMM,加水2mL,在室温下反应1h,向反应液中加水200mL,二氯甲烷100mL萃取3次,有机层用5%稀盐酸洗两次,干燥蒸干后柱色谱纯化,得到产物0.9g;MS[ESI]m/z:1410.6[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=8.67(OH),7.75(6H),7.31(6H),4.62(2H),4.20(5H),3.93(2H),3.48(36H),3.23(6H),2.50(2H),2.38(4H),1.98(8H),1.17(3H),0.80(12H)。
步骤2a:连接子-药物缀合物1a的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000345
反应:将反应物连接子-伊喜替康连接物100mg溶于6mL的DMF中,加入0.5mL吗啉,室温下反应80min,减压蒸干,产物和12mg马来酰亚胺丙酸以及18mg DIPEA溶于二氯甲烷/DMF(6/1mL)混合液中,再加入27mg HATU进行反应,室温反应1h,加20mL水淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取,产物经柱色谱纯化,得到产物80mg。MS[ESI]m/z:1339.6[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=8.67(1H),8.48(1H),8.05(1H),7.88(1H),7.75(2H),7.31(1H,s),6.99(2H),6.51(1H,s),5.57(1H),5.42(1H),5.18(1H),4.62(2H),4.19(4H),3.90(2H),3.56(2H),3.50(28H),3.42(4H),3.23(6H),2.38(4H),2.19(4H),1.88(4H),1.27(3H),0.85(6H),0.75(6H)。
步骤2b:连接子-药物缀合物1b的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000346
反应:将反应物连接子-伊喜替康连接物280mg溶于10mL的DMF中,加入1mL吗啉,室温下反应两h,减压蒸干,产物和52mg二酸以及78mg DIPEA溶于DMF30mL中,搅拌30min,分两批分别加入95mg T3P,反应1h,反应液蒸干后用乙酸乙酯打浆,得到产物100mg。然后经制备液相纯化得连接子-药物缀合物1b纯品(40mg)MS[ESI]m/z:1433.5[M+2H]2+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.68(t,J=6.4Hz,2H),8.48(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),8.24–8.21(m,2H),8.11–8.07(m,5H),7.99–7.93(m,4H),7.78–7.75(m,4H),6.98(s,2H),6.51(s,2H),5.62–5.57(m,2H),5.42(s,4H),5.17(s,4H),4.66–4.57(m,4H),4.21–4.18(m,5H),4.10(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),3.98(s,4H),3.77–3.69(m,8H),3.61–3.58(m,2H),3.51–3.47(m,60H),3.43–3.38(m,8H),3.23(s,6H),3.21–3.18(m,4H),2.43–2.38(m,8H),2.20–2.14(m,10H),1.91–1.80(m,10H),1.18(d,J=7.2Hz,6H),0.86(t,J=7.2Hz,6H),0.78–0.74(m,12H).
实施例7:连接子-药物缀合物2的合成
步骤1:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000347
反应:将1.04g的DMAP溶于80mL干燥二氯甲烷中,加入三光气0.288g,搅拌3min后加入1.0g乙酰化SN38,搅拌反应15min。将反应物取代对氨基苄醇2.8g溶于30mL的DMF中,加入上述反应液中,室温反应1h后,加水淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取后柱色谱纯化,得到产物2.55g。MS[ESI]m/z:1471.7[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=9.97(1H),8.22(2H),7.85(4H),7.61(2H),7.51(2H),7.43(1H),7.39(2H),7.32(3H),7.03(1H),5.53(2H),5.31(1H),5.09(2H),4.32(1H),4.25(5H),3.90(1H),3.46(34H),3.23(5H),2.89(2H),2.73(1H),2.37(3H,s),2.21(5H),1.98(3H),1.88(2H),1.28(4H),0.84(6H)。
步骤2a:连接子-药物缀合物2a的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000348
反应:将反应物连接子-乙酰化SN38连接物0.25g溶于10mL的DMF中,加入1mL吗啉,室温下反应1h,减压蒸干,产物和30mg马来酰亚胺丙酸以及45mg DIPEA溶于10mL的DMF中,加入77mg HATU,搅拌40min,反应液加水10mL,反应液用二氯甲烷萃取,蒸干后用柱色谱纯化,得到产物120mg。MS[ESI]m/z:1358.5[M+H]+。
步骤2b:连接子-药物缀合物2b的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000349
反应:将反应物连接子-乙酰化SN38连接物1.2g溶于10mL的DMF中,加入1mL吗啉,室温下反应三h,减压蒸干,产物和280mg二酸以及113mg DIPEA以及340mg DMTMM溶于DMF10mL中,加水1mL,搅拌80min,反应液加水50mL,反应液蒸干后用柱色谱纯化,得到产物240mg。MS[ESI]m/z:1452.6[M+2H]2+。
实施例8:连接子-药物缀合物3a和3b的合成
步骤1:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000350
反应1:将反应物巯基乙胺盐酸盐3.2g溶于100mL的三氟乙酸中,搅拌30min后,加入10g二肽反应物,室温反应3h后,将反应液减压蒸干,粗产物直接用于下步反应。MS[ESI]m/z:499.6[M+H]+。
反应2:将反应物4.5g DMAP溶于350mL干燥二氯甲烷中,加入1.1g三光气搅拌反应3~5min,加入3.5g喜树碱,搅拌反应15min,体系澄清。将反应物取代巯基乙胺7g溶于30mL的DMF中,反应20min,反应液加水200mL淬灭,分层,有机层水洗,稀盐酸洗,干燥蒸干后经柱色谱纯化,得到产品6g。MS[ESI]m/z:874.1[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=8.46(NH),8.04(1H),7.77(3H),7.73(3H),7.42(4H),7.31(3H),4.25(8H),4.07(4H),3.89(2H),2.67(2H),2.01(2H),1.22(5H),0.86(9H)。
反应3:取上步产物5.9g溶于60mL的DMF中,加入6mL吗啉,室温下反应3h,减压蒸干,将此产物与反应物Fmoc-L-谷氨酸单聚乙二醇酯5g一起溶于100mL的DMF中,加1.8g DIPEA,再加3.1gHATU,室温反应40min,反应液加水50mL淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取,有机层水洗,稀盐酸洗,水洗,粗产物柱色谱纯化,得到产物4.5g。MS[ESI]m/z:1368.6[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=8.69(1H),8.48(1H),8.13(3H),7.86(4H),7.77(1H),7.71(2H),7.48(1H),7.42(3H),7.31(2H),5.32(2H),4.89(1H),4.40(2H),4.36(1H),4.20(6H),4.16(1H),3.92(1H),3.85(1H),3.70(1H),3.48(30H),3.22(4H,s),3.16(2H),2.84(1H),2.77(1H),2.18(2H),1.98(2H),1.75(2H),1.19(3H),0.98(3H),0.79(6H)。
步骤2a:连接子-药物缀合物3a的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000351
反应:将反应物连接子-喜树碱连接物0.451g溶于4mL的DMF中,加入0.5mL吗啉,室温下反应1.5h,减压蒸干,产物和51mg马来酰亚胺丙酸以及78mg DIPEA溶于5mL的DMF中,加入137mg HATU,搅拌40min,反应液加水10mL,反应液用二氯甲烷萃取,蒸干后用柱色谱纯化,得到产物180mg。MS[ESI]m/z:1297.5[M+H]+。
步骤2b:连接子-药物缀合物3b的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000352
反应:将反应物连接子-喜树碱连接物1.2g溶于10mL的DMF中,加入1mL吗啉,室温下反应三h,减压蒸干,产物和280mg二酸以及113mg DIPEA以及340mg DMTMM溶于 DMF10mL中,加水1mL,搅拌80min,反应液加水50mL,反应液蒸干后用柱色谱纯化,得到产物240mg。MS[ESI]m/z:1391.6[M+2H] 2+
实施例9:连接子-药物缀合物4的合成
步骤1:
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000353
反应:将23mg的DMAP溶于4mL干燥二氯甲烷中,加入三光气5.5mg,搅拌3min后加入喜树碱衍生物21mg,搅拌反应10min。将反应物取代巯基乙醇50mg溶于0.5mL的DMF中,加入上述反应液中,室温反应4h后,加水淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取后柱色谱纯化,得到产物40mg。MS[ESI]m/z:1447.6[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=8.52(1H),8.29(1H),8.05(2H),7.88(3H),7.74(2H),7.41(6H),7.32(1H),5.53(2H),4.18(10H),3.48(30H),3.41(6H),3.23(4H),2.80(2H),2.18(3H),1.23(8H),0.80(12H)。
步骤2:连接子-药物缀合物4的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000354
反应:将反应物连接子-喜树碱连接物0.1g溶于4mL的DMF中,加入0.5mL吗啉,室温下反应1.5h,减压蒸干,产物和12mg马来酰亚胺丙酸以及18mg DIPEA溶于5mL的DMF中,加入32mg HATU,搅拌60min,反应液加水10mL,反应液用二氯甲烷萃取,蒸干后用柱色谱纯化,得到产物80mg。MS[ESI]m/z:1376.5[M+H]+。
实施例10:抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1a的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000355
抗体的还原:将曲妥珠单抗溶液用ABS缓冲液(pH5.5)调整为10mg/mL的浓度,取抗体溶液1mL,向其中加入TCEP溶液(10mM)60μL,然后加少量Na 2HPO 4溶液(1M)调整反应液pH为7.0,将此反应液置于37℃水浴中孵育1h,取出放冷至室温,直接用于下步反 应。
与抗体的偶联:取8mg小分子(相对抗体30eq)用200uL DMSO溶解。用500uL 10mM ABS+5mM EDTA缓冲液稀释,然后加入反应管。室温(20-28℃)下旋摇0.5h-1h。加入30uL 1M的NAC溶液淬灭反应,室温(20-28℃)下旋摇20min。将样品取下用无菌膜(0.22um)过滤,取少量ABS+EDTA缓冲液润洗并过滤。
药物-抗体偶联物的纯化:将上述反应通过zeba去盐离心柱(截留分子量10KDa)以去除小分子,得到的目标产物溶液使用Amico Ultra(30,000MWCO,Millipore Co.)容器离心浓缩,并置换缓冲液,并调整产物溶液为ABS(pH5.5),浓度为4mg/mL。
药物-抗体偶联物产品的评价:产品收率为60%,通过测定280nm的紫外吸收度,以及370nm的紫外吸收度,利用抗体和药物分别在280nm和370nm的摩尔消光系数,算出每一分子的抗体平均连接7.88个药物分子。
实施例11:抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000356
抗体的还原:将曲妥珠单抗溶液用ABS缓冲液(pH5.5)调整为10mg/mL的浓度,取抗体溶液1mL,向其中加入TCEP溶液(10mM)60μL,然后加少量Na 2HPO 4溶液(1M)调整反应液pH为7.0,将此反应液置于37℃水浴中孵育1h,取出放冷至室温,直接用于下步反应。
与抗体的偶联:取8mg小分子(相对抗体30eq)用200uL DMSO溶解。用500uL 10mM ABS+5mM EDTA缓冲液稀释,然后加入反应管。室温(20-28℃)下旋摇0.5h-1h。加入30uL 1M的NAC溶液淬灭反应,室温(20-28℃)下旋摇20min。将样品取下用无菌膜(0.22um)过滤,取少量ABS+EDTA缓冲液润洗并过滤。
药物-抗体偶联物的纯化:将上述反应通过zeba去盐离心柱(截留分子量10KDa)以去除小分子,得到的目标产物溶液使用Amico Ultra(30,000MWCO,Millipore Co.)容器离心浓缩,并置换缓冲液,并调整产物溶液为ABS(pH5.5),浓度为4mg/mL。
药物-抗体偶联物产品的评价:产品收率为65%,通过测定280nm的紫外吸收度,以及370nm的紫外吸收度,利用抗体和药物分别在280nm和370nm的摩尔消光系数,算出每一分子的抗体平均连接15.88个药物分子。
图1A至图1B为本申请所述的抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b的聚合物/裂解物(SEC)图谱。
图2为本申请所述的抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b的药物抗体偶联比(RPLC)图谱。
实施例12:抗体-药物偶联物Tr-2a的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000357
抗体的还原:将曲妥珠单抗溶液用ABS缓冲液(pH5.5)调整为10mg/mL的浓度,取抗体溶液1mL,向其中加入TCEP溶液(10mM)60μL,然后加少量Na 2HPO 4溶液(1M)调整反应液pH为7.0,将此反应液置于37℃水浴中孵育1h,取出放冷至室温,直接用于下步反应。
与抗体的偶联:取10mg小分子(相对抗体30eq)用200uL DMSO溶解。用500uL 10mM ABS+5mM EDTA缓冲液稀释,然后加入反应管。室温(20-28℃)下旋摇0.5h-1h。加入30uL 1M的NAC溶液淬灭反应,室温(20-28℃)下旋摇20min。将样品取下用无菌膜(0.22um)过滤,取少量ABS+EDTA缓冲液润洗并过滤。
药物-抗体偶联物的纯化:将上述反应通过zeba去盐离心柱(截留分子量10KDa)以去除小分子,得到的目标产物溶液使用Amico Ultra(30,000MWCO,Millipore Co.)容器离心浓缩,并置换缓冲液,并调整产物溶液为ABS(pH5.5),浓度为4mg/mL。
药物-抗体偶联物产品的评价:产品收率为65%,通过测定280nm的紫外吸收度,以及370nm的紫外吸收度,利用抗体和药物分别在280nm和370nm的摩尔消光系数,算出每一分子的抗体平均连接7.86个药物分子。
实施例13:抗体-药物偶联物Tr-2b的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000358
抗体的还原:将曲妥珠单抗溶液用ABS缓冲液(pH5.5)调整为10mg/mL的浓度,取抗体溶液1mL,向其中加入TCEP溶液(10mM)60μL,然后加少量Na 2HPO 4溶液(1M)调整反应液pH为7.0,将此反应液置于37℃水浴中孵育1h,取出放冷至室温,直接用于下步反应。
与抗体的偶联:取10mg小分子(相对抗体30eq)用200uL DMSO溶解。用500uL 10mM ABS+5mM EDTA缓冲液稀释,然后加入反应管。室温(20-28℃)下旋摇0.5h-1h。加入30uL 1M的NAC溶液淬灭反应,室温(20-28℃)下旋摇20min。将样品取下用无菌膜(0.22um)过滤,取少量ABS+EDTA缓冲液润洗并过滤。
药物-抗体偶联物的纯化:将上述反应通过zeba去盐离心柱(截留分子量10KDa)以去除小分子,得到的目标产物溶液使用Amico Ultra(30,000MWCO,Millipore Co.)容器离心浓缩,并置换缓冲液,并调整产物溶液为ABS(pH5.5),浓度为4mg/mL。
药物-抗体偶联物产品的评价:产品收率为60%,通过测定280nm的紫外吸收度,以及370nm的紫外吸收度,利用抗体和药物分别在280nm和370nm的摩尔消光系数,算出每一分子的抗体平均连接15.82个药物分子。
实施例14:抗体-药物偶联物Tr-3a的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000359
抗体的还原:抗体的还原条件同实施例11。
与抗体的偶联:与抗体的偶联条件同实施例11。
药物-抗体偶联物的纯化:纯化条件同实施例11。
药物-抗体偶联物产品的评价:产品收率为60%,通过测定280nm的紫外吸收度,以及370nm的紫外吸收度,利用抗体和药物分别在280nm和370nm的摩尔消光系数,算出每一分 子的抗体平均连接7.86个药物分子。
实施例15:抗体-药物偶联物Tr-3b的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000360
抗体的还原:抗体的还原条件同实施例11。
与抗体的偶联:与抗体的偶联条件同实施例11。
药物-抗体偶联物的纯化:纯化条件同实施例11。
药物-抗体偶联物产品的评价:产品收率为72%,通过测定280nm的紫外吸收度,以及370nm的紫外吸收度,利用抗体和药物分别在280nm和370nm的摩尔消光系数,算出每一分子的抗体平均连接15.86个药物分子。
实施例16:抗体-药物偶联物Tr-4的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000361
抗体的还原:抗体的还原条件同实施例11。
与抗体的偶联:与抗体的偶联条件同实施例11。
药物-抗体偶联物的纯化:纯化条件同实施例11。
药物-抗体偶联物产品的评价:产品收率为50%,通过测定280nm的紫外吸收度,以及370nm的紫外吸收度,利用抗体和药物分别在280nm和370nm的摩尔消光系数,算出每一分子的抗体平均连接7.64个药物分子。
实施例17:抗体-药物偶联物Sa-1b的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000362
抗体的还原:抗体采用Sacituzumab(抗TROP2抗体),抗体的还原条件同实施例11。
与抗体的偶联:与抗体的偶联条件同实施例11。
药物-抗体偶联物的纯化:纯化条件同实施例11。
药物-抗体偶联物产品的评价:产品收率为61%,通过测定280nm的紫外吸收度,以及370nm的紫外吸收度,利用抗体和药物分别在280nm和370nm的摩尔消光系数,算出每一分子的抗体平均连接15.88个药物分子。
实施例18:抗体-药物偶联物Be-1b的合成
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000363
抗体的还原:抗体采用Bemarituzumab(抗FGFR2b抗体),抗体的还原条件同实施例11。
与抗体的偶联:与抗体的偶联条件同实施例11。
药物-抗体偶联物的纯化:纯化条件同实施例11。
药物-抗体偶联物产品的评价:产品收率为61%,通过测定280nm的紫外吸收度,以及370nm的紫外吸收度,利用抗体和药物分别在280nm和370nm的摩尔消光系数,算出每一分子的抗体平均连接15.92个药物分子。
实施例19 抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b内吞及活性检测
本次检测所用瘤株为:
细胞系 细胞系类型 生长特点 完全培养基
NCI-N87 胃癌细胞 贴壁 RPMI-1640+10%FBS
SK-BR-3 乳腺癌细胞 贴壁 RPMI-1640+10%FBS
检测样品:Ab1:DS-8201(Enhertu,fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki);Ab2:抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b。
19.1内吞试验
内吞试验,复苏细胞在加药后0、0.5、1、2小时时间点检测荧光密度,计算细胞内吞的速率。结果如下:
1)SK-BR-3细胞
各时间点细胞内吞HB0321a荧光密度检测值
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000364
表1 SK-BR-3细胞在各时间点的内吞率
内吞率% 37℃0.5h 37℃1h 37℃2h
Ab1 5.62 8.65 15.62
Ab2 3.83 5.69 12.58
Herceptin 3.74 6.37 23.71
2)NCI-N87细胞
各时间点细胞内吞HB0321a荧光密度检测值
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000365
表2 NCI-N87细胞在各时间点的内吞率
内吞率% 37℃0.5h 37℃1h 37℃2h
Ab1 4.28 6.11 18.12
Ab2 1.87 7.04 11.03
Herceptin 2.34 8.39 9.34
结果如表1-2所示,SK-BR-3细胞和NCI-N87细胞对本申请的抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b均有良好的内吞效果。
19.2细胞增殖抑制试验
活性检测,复苏细胞加药后培养6天,检测细胞增殖结果,计算IC50值。具体如下:
a)所有细胞株于37℃,5%CO 2条件下培养于完全培养基;
b)收获处于对数生长期的细胞并采用血小板计数器进行细胞计数,用台盼蓝排斥法检测细胞活力,确保细胞活力在90%以上;
c)使用完全培养基调整细胞密度,随后接种于96孔细胞培养板,每孔接种90μL,共3000个细胞;
d)将96孔板中的细胞置于37℃,5%CO 2条件下培养;
e)配制10倍药物溶液,测试样品HB01、HB02、HB03工作浓度为20000ng/mL,9个浓度,3.16倍稀释;测试样品HB04、HB05工作浓度为10μM,9个浓度,3.16倍稀释,然后转移连续稀释化合物各10μL至96孔细胞板的相应实验孔中,每个药物浓度设置三个复孔;
f)将已加药的96孔板中的细胞置于37℃、5%CO 2条件下继续培养6天,之后进行CTG分析;
g)融化CTG试剂并平衡细胞板至室温30分钟。
h)每孔加入等体积的CTG溶液。
i)在定轨摇床上振动5分钟使细胞裂解。
j)将细胞板放置于室温20分钟以稳定冷光信号。
k)读取冷光值,收集数据。
使用GraphPad Prism 7.0软件分析数据,利用非线性S曲线回归来拟合数据得出剂量-效应曲线,并由此计算IC50值。
细胞存活率(%)=(Lum待测药-Lum培养液对照)/(Lum细胞对照-Lum培养液对照)×100%。
结果如表3和图3-4所示,本申请的抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b对SK-BR-3和NCI-N87癌细胞均有良好的杀伤作用,能够有效抑制癌细胞的增殖。
表3 抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b对各细胞的IC50
Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-000366
综上,本申请的抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b对人源化乳腺癌SK-BR-3、人源化胃癌NCI-N87均有显著的抑制增殖效果。并且作用效果优于DS-8201,肿瘤抑制活性约为DS-8201的3倍。
实施例20 抗体-药物偶联物Sa-1b的活性检测
采用从ATTC购买的MDA-MB-468细胞(人源三阴乳腺癌细胞)、SNU216细胞(人源胃癌细胞)、NCI-H1650细胞(人源非小细胞肺腺癌细胞)、NCI-H596细胞(人源肺癌细胞)对Sa-1b进行抑制肿瘤增殖的活性评价。所有细胞均为Trop2抗原高表达细胞。Trodelvy为sacituzumab govitecan注射剂的商品名。Sacituzumab为外购抗Trop2抗体。
所有细胞株于37℃,5%CO 2条件下培养于完全培养基。收获处于对数生长期的细胞并采用血小板计数器进行细胞计数,用台盼蓝排斥法检测细胞活力,确保细胞活力在90%以上。使用完全培养基调整细胞密度,随后接种于96孔细胞培养板,每孔接种180μL,共1000个细胞。将96孔板中的细胞置于37℃、5%CO2条件下培养。配制10倍药物溶液,测试样品工作浓度为10000ng/ml,9个浓度,3.16倍稀释,然后转移连续稀释化合物各20μL至96孔细胞板的相应实验孔中,每个药物浓度设置三个复孔。将已加药的96孔板中的细胞置于37℃、5%CO2条件下继续培养6天,之后进行CTG分析(CTG是CellTiter-Glo试剂盒,它是一种均质法细胞活力检测方法,通过对ATP的定量来测定培养细胞的细胞活力)。
融化CTG试剂并平衡细胞板至室温30分钟。每孔加入100μL的CTG溶液。在定轨摇 床上振动5分钟使细胞裂解。将细胞板放置于室温20分钟以稳定冷光信号。读取冷光值,收集数据。
使用GraphPad Prism 7.0软件分析数据,利用非线性S曲线回归来拟合数据得出剂量-效应曲线,并由此计算IC50值。
细胞存活率(%)=(Lum待测药-Lum培养液对照)/(Lum细胞对照-Lum培养液对照)×100%
图5显示,对于MDA-MB-468细胞,Sa-1b的作用效果略优于Trodelvy的,IC50约为其1/1.7,二者均优于Sacituzumab。
图6显示,对于SNU216细胞,Sa-1b的作用效果显著优于Trodelvy的,IC50约为其1/8.2,二者均优于Sacituzumab。
图7显示,对于NCI-H1650细胞,Sa-1b的作用效果显著优于Trodelvy,IC50约为其1/6,二者均优于Sacituzumab。
图8显示,对于NCI-H596细胞,Sa-1b的作用效果显著弱于Trodelvy,Sa-1b几乎无效,与Sacituzumab相当,Trodelvy有一定作用效果。
实施例21 抗体-药物偶联物Be-1b的活性检测
采用从ATTC购买的FGFR2b抗原高表达SNU16细胞(人源胃癌细胞)和OCUM-2M细胞(人源胃癌细胞)对Be-1b进行抑制肿瘤增殖的活性评价。Bemarituzumab为外购抗FGFR2b抗体。
所有细胞株于37℃,5%CO 2条件下培养于完全培养基。收获处于对数生长期的细胞并采用血小板计数器进行细胞计数,用台盼蓝排斥法检测细胞活力,确保细胞活力在90%以上。使用完全培养基调整细胞密度,随后接种于96孔细胞培养板,每孔接种180μL,共1000个细胞。将96孔板中的细胞置于37℃、5%CO2条件下培养。配制10倍药物溶液,测试样品工作浓度为10000ng/ml,9个浓度,3.16倍稀释,然后转移连续稀释化合物各20μL至96孔细胞板的相应实验孔中,每个药物浓度设置三个复孔。将已加药的96孔板中的细胞置于37℃、5%CO2条件下继续培养6天,之后进行CTG分析(CTG是CellTiter-Glo试剂盒,它是一种均质法细胞活力检测方法,通过对ATP的定量来测定培养细胞的细胞活力)。
融化CTG试剂并平衡细胞板至室温30分钟。每孔加入100μL的CTG溶液。在定轨摇床上振动5分钟使细胞裂解。将细胞板放置于室温20分钟以稳定冷光信号。读取冷光值,收集数据。
使用GraphPad Prism 7.0软件分析数据,利用非线性S曲线回归来拟合数据得出剂量-效应曲线,并由此计算IC50值。
细胞存活率(%)=(Lum待测药-Lum培养液对照)/(Lum细胞对照-Lum培养液对照)×100%
结果如图9和图10所示,对于SNU16细胞和OCUM-2M细胞,Be-1b的作用效果显著优于Bemarituzumab,而Bemarituzumab几乎无效,表明本申请的抗体-药物偶联物对于靶向细胞有良好的肿瘤杀伤作用。
实施例22 抗体-药物偶联物Tr-1b体内活性检测
22.1人源胃癌细胞NCI-N87模型
小鼠:6-8周雌性裸鼠(种属品系:Mus Musculus,BALB/c nude;斯贝福(北京)生物技术有限公司)供于实验。
将从ATCC购入的人胃癌株NCI-N87细胞悬浮于生理盐水,在雌性裸鼠的右体侧部皮下接种(第0天)1×10 7个细胞(人源胃癌细胞NCI-N87),在肿瘤体积达到80-120mm 3的时间点,按瘤体积随机分为5组,分别为对照组,赫赛汀(曲妥珠单抗商品名)组,Tr-1b低、中、高剂量组,以10mL/kg的注射量经尾静脉注射给药1次。各组给药剂量为:空白对照组给予乙酸缓冲液;赫赛汀组的剂量为10mg/kg;Tr-1b低、中、高剂量组分别为1mg/kg、2mg/kg、4mg/kg。
肿瘤体积测量计算:
用卡尺每周测定2次肿瘤的长径及短径,计算肿瘤体积(mm 3)。
计算公式:肿瘤体积(mm 3)=0.52×长径(mm)×[短径(mm)] 2
如图11所示,对于人源胃癌细胞NCI-N87模型,与对照组比较,赫赛汀及Tr-1b各剂量均具有抑制肿瘤增殖效果,Tr-1b抑瘤效果显著优于赫赛汀。Tr-1b高剂量的抑瘤效果强于中剂量的,中剂量的强于低剂量的,量效关系明确。
22.2人源乳腺癌BT474模型:
小鼠:6-9周雌性裸鼠(种属品系:Mus Musculus,CB-17 SCID;斯贝福(北京)生物技术有限公司)供于实验。
将从ATCC购入的人源乳腺癌BT474细胞悬浮于生理盐水,在雌性裸鼠的右体侧部皮下接种(第0天)5×10 6个细胞(人源乳腺癌BT474细胞),在肿瘤体积达到80-120mm 3的时间点,按瘤体积随机分为5组,分别为对照组,赫赛汀(曲妥珠单抗商品名)组,Tr-1b低、中、高剂量组,以10mL/kg的注射量经尾静脉注射给药1次。各组给药剂量为:空白对照组给予乙酸缓冲液;赫赛汀组的剂量为10mg/kg;Tr-1b低、中、高剂量组分别为5mg/kg、10mg/kg、15mg/kg。
肿瘤体积测量计算:
用卡尺每周测定2次肿瘤的长径及短径,计算肿瘤体积(mm 3)。
计算公式:肿瘤体积(mm 3)=0.52×长径(mm)×[短径(mm)] 2
如图12所示,对于人源乳腺癌BT474模型,与对照组比较,赫赛汀及Tr-1b各剂量均具有抑制肿瘤增殖效果,Tr-1b抑瘤效果显著优于赫赛汀。Tr-1b高剂量的抑瘤效果强于中剂量的,中剂量的强于低剂量的,量效关系明确。

Claims (88)

  1. 连接子,其包含Lb结构片段,其中Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100001
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的连接子,其包含Lb-Lc结构片段,Lb结构通过羰基与Lc片段连接,其中Lc是可释放组装单元且Lc能够与药物单元连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的连接子,其中所述Lc结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100002
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的连接子,其具有式(I)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100003
    其中,
    La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
    B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100004
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元,Lc结构通过胺基与Lb结构的羰基连接,且Lc能够通过羰基与药物单元连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的连接子,其中B结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100005
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的连接子,其中B结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100006
    其中每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接。
  7. 根据权利要求4-6中任一项所述的连接子,其中La结构包括马来酰胺类连接子片段。
  8. 根据权利要求4-7中任一项所述的连接子,其中La结构具有以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100007
    其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺/琥珀酰胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;并且R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100008
    R”选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基;其中取代基选自:氨基、 卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;其中下标n选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~5,最优选1~3。
  9. 根据权利要求4-8中任一项所述的连接子,其中La结构选自下式:
    i)
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100009
    其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;
    ii)
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100011
    其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;R”选自:甲基、乙基和丙基;
    其中,每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5。
  10. 根据权利要求4-9中任一项所述的连接子,其中La结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100012
    其通过羰基与Lb或B结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺3位和/或4位与配体单元连接;其中下标s选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5;
    优选地,La结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100013
    其中下标s选自1~10中的任意整数, 优选1~8,更优选1~5,La结构通过羰基与B或者Lb结构片段连接,且能够通过琥珀酰亚胺的3位与配体单元连接。
  11. 根据权利要求4-9中任一项所述的连接子,其中La结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100014
    其中R”选自甲基、乙基和丙基,下标s选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~8,更优选1~5,La结构通过羰基与B或者Lb结构片段连接。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的连接子,其具有式(Ia)或式(Ib)所示的结构:
    La-Lb-Lc,
    式(Ia)
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100015
    其中,
    La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
    B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100016
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100017
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选 5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元,其能够与药物单元连接。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的连接子,其中所述连接子选自以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100018
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100019
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100020
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100021
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100022
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100023
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100024
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100025
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100026
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100027
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100028
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100029
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100030
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100031
    其中,
    R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100032
    R”为任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基;其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;其中下标n选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~5,最优选1~3;
    每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的连接子,其中所述连接子选自以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100033
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100034
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100035
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100036
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100037
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100038
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100039
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100040
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100041
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100042
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100043
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100044
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100045
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100046
    其中,R”选自甲基、乙基和丙基,每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的连接子,其中所述连接子选自以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100047
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100048
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100049
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100050
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100051
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100052
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100053
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100054
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100055
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100056
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100057
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100058
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100059
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100060
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100061
    其中,R”选自甲基、乙基和丙基,每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8。
  16. 权利要求1-15中任一项所述连接子在制备药物中的用途,所述药物包括连接子-药物缀合物或配体-药物偶联物。
  17. 包含权利要求1-15中任一项所述连接子的连接子-药物缀合物,其具有式(II)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100062
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
    B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100063
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    D是药物单元。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其具有式(IIa)或式(IIb)所示的结构:
    La-Lb-Lc-D,
    式(IIa)
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100064
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
    B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100065
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100066
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    D是药物单元。
  19. 根据权利要求17-18中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其中D包括:可检测标记物、药物、细胞因子、酶,或其组合。
  20. 根据权利要求17-19中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其中D包括细胞毒剂和/或细胞抑制剂。
  21. 根据权利要求17-20中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其中D包括DNA酶拓扑异构酶I(拓扑I)的抑制剂。
  22. 根据权利要求17-21中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其中D包括喜树碱及其衍生物。
  23. 根据权利要求17-22中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其具有式(III)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100067
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
    B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100068
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100069
    代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
  24. 根据权利要求17-23中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其具有式(IIIa)或式(IIIb)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100070
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中
    La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
    B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100071
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100072
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100073
    代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
  25. 根据权利要求22-24中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物包括10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物及其衍生物。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100074
    式中,R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基,R 1的结合位点为苯环上未取代的三个位点中的任一个;R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;R 3 选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100075
  28. 根据权利要求22-27中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自:喜树碱、伊喜替康(exatecan)、拓扑替康、伊立替康、贝洛替康、勒托替康(GG-211)、CKD-602、吉马替康(ST1481)、karenitecin(BNP-1350)、BN-80915、羟基喜树碱(HCPT)、9-氨基喜树碱、9-硝基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(SN38)、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的衍生物。
  29. 根据权利要求22-28中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自喜树碱、伊喜替康、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的溶剂化物、水合物、立体异构体、互变异构体、同位素标记物、代谢物、前药、药学上可接受的 盐。
  30. 根据权利要求17-29中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物,其具有式(IVa),式(IVb),式(IVc),或式(IVd)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100076
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    La是延伸单元,其能够与配体单元连接;
    B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时, m是2、3或4;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100077
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元。
  31. 根据权利要求17-30中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其选自以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100078
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100079
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100080
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    La是延伸单元;
    B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100081
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100082
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元。
  32. 包含权利要求1-15中任一项所述的连接子或权利要求17-31中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(V)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100083
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    L是配体单元,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100084
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    D是药物单元。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(Va)或式(Vb)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100085
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    L是配体单元,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100086
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100087
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    D是药物单元。
  34. 根据权利要求32-33中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中D包括细胞毒剂和/或细胞抑制剂。
  35. 根据权利要求32-34中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中D包括用于癌症治疗的细胞毒剂。
  36. 根据权利要求32-35中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中D包括DNA酶拓扑异构酶I(拓扑I)的抑制剂。
  37. 根据权利要求32-36中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中D包括喜树碱及其衍生物。
  38. 根据权利要求32-37中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(VI)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100088
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    L是配体单元,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100089
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100090
    代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
  39. 根据权利要求32-38中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(VIa)或式(VIb)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100091
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    L是配体单元,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100092
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100093
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100094
    代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
  40. 根据权利要求37-39中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物包括10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物及其衍生物。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100095
    其中,
    R 1选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基,R 1的结合位点为苯环上未取代的三个位点中的任一个;
    R 2选自氢、任选取代的氨基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基;
    R 3选自氢、酰基和任选取代的C 1~C 6烷基。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述10-二氟甲基喜树碱类化合物具有以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100096
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100097
  43. 根据权利要求37-42中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自:喜树碱、伊喜替康、拓扑替康、伊立替康、、贝洛替康、勒托替康(GG-211)、CKD-602、吉马替康(ST1481)、karenitecin(BNP-1350)、BN-80915、羟基喜树碱(HCPT)、9-氨基喜树碱、9-硝基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱(SN38)、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的衍生物。
  44. 根据权利要求37-43中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述喜树碱及其衍生物选自喜树碱、伊喜替康、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱、7-乙基-10-二氟甲基喜树碱及它们的溶剂化物、水合物、立体异构体、互变异构体、同位素标记物、代谢物、前药、药学上可接受的盐。
  45. 根据权利要求32-44中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(VIIa),式(VIIb),式(VIIc),或式(VIId)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100098
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100099
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    L是配体单元,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是任选的支化单元,下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100100
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元。
  46. 根据权利要求32-45中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其选自以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100101
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100102
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100103
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    L是配体单元,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100104
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100105
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元。
  47. 根据权利要求32-46中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述配体包括抗体。
  48. 根据权利要求47所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述抗体包括单克隆抗体、多克隆抗体、二聚体、多聚体、多特异性抗体、完整抗体、抗体片段、人抗体、人源化抗体、嵌合抗体或来自其他物种的抗体。
  49. 根据权利要求48所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述抗体片段包括:Fab,Fab’,F(ab’)2,Fv片段,scFv抗体片段,线性抗体,单结构域抗体(如sdAB),骆驼科VHH结构域,或由抗体片段形成的多特异性抗体。
  50. 根据权利要求47-49中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述抗体包括经修饰或未经修饰的类似物和衍生物,且允许抗体保留其抗原结合免疫特异性。
  51. 根据权利要求32-50中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(VIII)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100106
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    Ab代表抗体,其中下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是任选的支化单元,其中下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100107
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    D是药物单元。
  52. 根据权利要求32-51中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(VIIIa)或式(VIIIb)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100108
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100109
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100110
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100111
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    D是药物单元。
  53. 根据权利要求32-52中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(IX)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100112
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100113
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元,
    B是任选的支化单元,下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m是2、3或4;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100114
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100115
    代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
  54. 根据权利要求32-53中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(IXa)或式(IXb)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100116
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100117
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100118
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100119
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元;
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100120
    代表喜树碱或其衍生物。
  55. 根据权利要求32-54中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其具有式(Xa),(Xb),(Xc)或(Xd)所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100121
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是任选的支化单元,下标p是0或1,其中,当p是0时,m是1,且当p是1时,m 是2、3或4;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100122
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元。
  56. 根据权利要求32-55中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其选自以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100123
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100124
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100125
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    Ab代表抗体,下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8;
    La是延伸单元;
    B是支化单元,其结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100126
    下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,B结构通过胺基与La结构连接,通过羰基与Lb结构片段连接;
    Lb结构选自下式:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100127
    其中下标q选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8,Lb结构通过胺基与La或者B结构连接,通过羰基与Lc片段连接;
    Lc是可释放组装单元。
  57. 根据权利要求32-56中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其选自以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100128
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100129
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100130
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    Ab代表抗体,
    R’选自:任选取代的C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基和C 1-C 10烷基-芳基,其中取代基选自:氨基、卤素、硝基、羟基、乙酰基、氰基、C 1-C 10烷基、C 1-C 10烷氧基、C 1-C 10氨基烷基、C 1-C 10卤代烷基、C 2-C 10烯基、C 2-C 10炔基、酰胺基、C 3-C 8环烷基、C 3-C 8杂环烷基;
    每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,
    每个下标t独立地选自1~4中的任意整数,
    每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8;
    每个下标n选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8。
  58. 根据权利要求32-57中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其选自以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100131
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100132
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100133
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,
    Ab代表抗体;
    每个下标s独立地选自1~10中的任意整数,优选1~5;
    每个下标q独立地选自1~20中的任意整数,优选3~10,最优选5~8;
    每个下标r独立地选自1~4中的任意整数;
    每个下标n独立地选自1~8中的任意整数,优选4~8。
  59. 根据权利要求58所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述下标s为2。
  60. 根据权利要求58-59中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述下标r为2。
  61. 根据权利要求58-60中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述下标q为7。
  62. 根据权利要求58-61中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述La结构通过琥珀酰亚胺的3位与抗体的巯基连接。
  63. 根据权利要求32-62中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述配体包括单克隆抗体 (mAb)或其抗原结合片段。
  64. 根据权利要求32-63中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其选自以下结构:
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100134
    Figure PCTCN2022093808-appb-100135
    或其药学上可接受的盐,其中,mAb代表单克隆抗体。
  65. 根据权利要求32-64中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述配体靶向结合肿瘤抗原。
  66. 根据权利要求32-65中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述配体靶向HER2,EGFR,TROP2和/或FGFR2b。
  67. 根据权利要求32-66中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述配体包括抗HER2抗体,抗EGFR抗体,抗TROP2抗体和抗FGFR2b抗体。
  68. 根据权利要求67所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述抗HER2抗体包括曲妥珠单抗(trastuzumab),帕妥珠单抗(Pertuzumab)或伊尼妥单抗(Inetetamab)。
  69. 根据权利要求66-67中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述抗TROP2抗体包括戈沙妥组单抗(Sacituzumab)。
  70. 根据权利要求66-68中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,其中所述抗FGFR2b抗体包括Bemarituzumab。
  71. 一种制备权利要求32-70中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物的方法,其包括使抗体与权利要求1-15中任一项所述的连接子或权利要求17-31中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物缀合。
  72. 权利要求17-31中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物或权利要求32-70中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物在制备药物中的用途,其中所述药物用于治疗过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病。
  73. 根据权利要求72所述的用途,其中所述肿瘤抗原包括HER2,EGFR,TROP2和/或FGFR2b。
  74. 根据权利要求72所述的用途,所述过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病包括肿瘤。
  75. 根据权利要求74所述的用途,所述过表达肿瘤抗原的疾病包括表达HER2,EGFR,TROP2和/或FGFR2b的肿瘤。
  76. 权利要求17-31中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物或权利要求32-70中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物在制备药物中的用途,其中所述药物用于癌症。
  77. 根据权利要求76所述的用途,其中所述癌症包括淋巴瘤、白血病或实体瘤。
  78. 根据权利要求76所述的用途,其中所述癌症包括HER2表达和/或活性上调的癌症。
  79. 根据权利要求76所述的用途,其中所述癌症包括EGFR表达和/或活性上调的癌症。
  80. 根据权利要求76所述的用途,其中所述癌症包括TROP2表达和/或活性上调的癌症。
  81. 根据权利要求76所述的用途,其中所述癌症包括FGFR2b表达和/或活性上调的癌症。
  82. 根据权利要求76-81中任一项所述的用途,其中所述癌症包括肺癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、尿路上皮癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、食道癌、唾液腺癌、胃食道交界处腺癌、胆道癌、佩吉特 氏病、胰腺癌、卵巢癌或子宫癌肉瘤。
  83. 权利要求17-31中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物或权利要求32-70中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物在治疗癌症中的用途。
  84. 药物组合物,其包含权利要求17-31中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物或权利要求32-70中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物,以及药学上可接受的载体。
  85. 一种治疗疾病或病症的方法,所述方法包括向有此需要的受试者施用有效量的权利要求17-31中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物、权利要求32-70中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物或权利要求97所述的药物组合物。
  86. 根据权利要求85所述的方法,其中所述疾病或病症包括癌症。
  87. 一种抑制癌细胞活性或杀伤癌细胞的方法,所述方法包括将癌细胞与有效量的权利要求17-31中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物、权利要求32-70中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物或权利要求84所述的药物组合物接触。
  88. 药盒,其包含权利要求17-31中任一项所述的连接子-药物缀合物、权利要求32-70中任一项所述的配体-药物偶联物或权利要求84所述的药物组合物,任选地包含另外的治疗剂。
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