WO2022257661A1 - Data processing method of dredging and transport system on long-distance pipeline transport site - Google Patents

Data processing method of dredging and transport system on long-distance pipeline transport site Download PDF

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WO2022257661A1
WO2022257661A1 PCT/CN2022/091219 CN2022091219W WO2022257661A1 WO 2022257661 A1 WO2022257661 A1 WO 2022257661A1 CN 2022091219 W CN2022091219 W CN 2022091219W WO 2022257661 A1 WO2022257661 A1 WO 2022257661A1
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data
concentration
pipeline
flow velocity
transportation
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PCT/CN2022/091219
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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王费新
张晴波
周忠玮
程书凤
江帅
树伟
刘功勋
冒小丹
张忱
袁超哲
尹立明
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中交疏浚技术装备国家工程研究中心有限公司
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of dredging engineering.
  • the main form of sediment transportation is hydraulic transportation, especially long-distance pipeline transportation of solid-liquid mixed multiphase flow, and multi-pump systems are often used.
  • Pipeline transportation has a great influence on the efficiency of dredging construction and consumes a lot of energy. For example, the energy consumption of pipeline transportation accounts for more than 80% of the total energy consumption in the construction of cutter suction dredgers. If the slurry flow rate is too fast, friction will be increased and power will be wasted. If the flow rate is too slow, sediment will be deposited, leading to a series of problems such as pipe blockage and pipe burst. Realizing efficient, stable and safe hydraulic transportation is the goal that has been pursued all along.
  • the conventional on-site test data usually adopts the processing scheme of averaging by period (such as 1 hour, 1 day, etc.), so that the processed data can be more accurate in terms of flow velocity and concentration distribution. It tends to be concentrated and cannot effectively reflect the actual conveying characteristics.
  • the data obtained on site is different from the stable and controllable data in the laboratory. It is highly volatile and complex, and the real-time changing flow rate, concentration and pressure difference data are interrelated.
  • the object of the present invention is to disclose a set of data processing methods, through which the basic pipeline data can be obtained, which can effectively replace the dense physical concentration sensors to obtain the basic pipeline data, which is used for engineering applications and dredging pipeline characteristics research.
  • the present invention considers adopting the processing method of classifying and averaging according to the flow velocity and concentration. Firstly, the measured flow velocity, concentration, and pressure data are pre-processed, and then combined with the layout of pipelines and measuring points, the real-time concentration of the test pipe section is deduced under reasonable assumptions. data.
  • test working condition data combinations flow rate, concentration and pressure difference
  • a certain number generally not less than 500 data combinations.
  • a data processing method for long-distance pipeline transportation on-site dredging and transportation system includes flow velocity data, pressure data, and concentration data; the flow velocity data and pressure data are obtained through existing methods, and it is characterized in that, first, the entire transportation pipeline is selected The initial point of the monitoring point is used as the monitoring point, and the flow velocity value of the sediment fluid at the monitoring point is regarded as the common flow velocity value of the entire downstream pipeline (including the target pipe section) at the same time, and the concentration value at the monitoring point is obtained.
  • the time-varying concentration value deduces the concentration distribution on the entire pipeline at any time, matches the pressure difference of the target pipe section, and constructs a data group; then, cleans the data group; then, uses the data group as two-dimensional spatial data, and separates them according to their size Sorting, grouping, averaging, weakening the concentration of data.
  • the data group processed by the method of the invention is representative and authentic, and provides reliable engineering data for follow-up research.
  • the innovation and advantage of the present invention are: a long-distance pipeline transportation field data processing method and its application are established, and the data can be classified and averaged according to the flow rate and concentration to form the final test condition data It can obtain the test results under a wide range of flow velocity and concentration distribution in actual construction, and reduce the test deviation of a small number of data and the deviation of test results caused by various abnormal situations on average; it can be used to study the pipeline transportation mechanism, improve the transportation theory, and establish the transportation Work such as theoretical models, such as studying the matching between different friction empirical formulas and the transportation project, and revising and optimizing them, and even proposing new calculation formulas, which can provide more accurate calculation results in related calculations, and have practical significance. Engineering significance.
  • Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of long-distance pipeline transportation field data processing and empirical formula correction method
  • Figure 2 shows the concentration distribution diagram on the pipeline at a certain moment
  • Figure 3 shows a two-dimensional schematic diagram of data classification
  • Figure 4 shows the comparison between the friction loss calculated by the common formula and the measured value of a steel pipe section
  • Figure 5 shows the comparison between the friction loss calculated by the new formula and the measured value of a certain steel pipe section.
  • This method is not limited to the pipeline transportation of the cutter suction dredger in this embodiment, and is also applicable to other multi-pump-pipeline solid-liquid two-phase flow transportation processes.
  • many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described here, so the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below. limits;
  • the present invention proposes a long-distance pipeline transportation on-site data processing method and its application.
  • the flow chart is shown in Figure 1.
  • the engineering condition used in this embodiment is pipeline transportation by a cutter suction dredger, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • S1 Long-distance pipeline transportation construction data collection
  • S1-1 Collect static data of pipeline transportation, that is, data that does not change with time within a certain period of time. These data often do not change in the short term during engineering construction, such as the length, diameter, type, roughness, and sediment transport of pipelines Particle size, bulk density, and excavation depth, elevation, etc., these data will be used in the following data processing and application examples;
  • S1-2 Collect dynamic data of pipeline transportation, that is, data that changes in real time over time, mainly including concentration at the starting point of transportation, flow velocity, and pipeline pressure at the test target section.
  • These three physical quantities are also the most important physical quantities for long-distance pipeline transportation in dredging projects , is a key parameter for analysis and research. The following is mainly for the processing and analysis of dynamic data.
  • the pressure on a single pipeline section is of little significance. It is often necessary to analyze the degree of pressure loss after the fluid flows through a section of pipeline, that is, the pressure difference between the head and tail of this section of pipeline. Therefore, in actual measurement, this Absolute pressure values at the start and end positions of the segment pipeline (test target segment).
  • S2-2 Preprocessing of concentration data.
  • the missing concentration data needs to be corrected, and secondly, the wet square concentration (also known as the ship display concentration) measured by the sensor is converted into the particle volume concentration;
  • the wet square concentration is a professional term for pipeline transportation in dredging engineering; when the dredger is digging the soil, the undisturbed soil is loose, and the concentration directly measured at this time is the wet square concentration, and its value is larger than the particle volume concentration .
  • S2-3 Preprocessing of pressure data. Calculate the pressure difference between the start position and the end position of the measurement target segment, and record missing or obviously wrong data as NaN;
  • the slurry flow rate is often controlled in the range higher than the critical flow rate to reduce sediment deposition and prevent pipe plugging. Therefore, the present invention assumes that the concentration value of the slurry does not change with the change of the spatial position during the conveying process.
  • the particle volume concentration of the slurry element is C vd
  • the slurry flow rate V changes with time, it can be considered as a function of time t, so The moving distance of the slurry micro-element with concentration value C vd is different in different time. After ⁇ t time, the slurry is located at a distance from the starting point x, which can be expressed as:
  • the distance from the starting point at any time can be calculated by integration.
  • its moving distance can be calculated by this integration method.
  • the concentration distribution of the slurry at any time is used to provide to step S4.
  • the invention discretizes the time in seconds, and tracks every moment, every concentration value and its displacement distance on the pipeline. Therefore, the interval distance between the traced concentration values is different, and the concentration at the interval length between two concentrations is obtained by interpolation.
  • the present invention takes the concentration and flow velocity measurement position as the initial zero point of the pipeline, and calculates the concentration distribution of the whole pipeline at different times sequentially based on the concentration and flow velocity measurement values measured at this point.
  • the data within a certain 25000s is selected for analysis. Taking the 14000s time of this period as an example, the calculated concentration distribution results are shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the target pipeline section is a small section of the entire pipeline. Since the data is discretized, the average concentration of the target pipeline section needs to be calculated by numerical integration. In this way, the corresponding average concentration on the target pipe section can be calculated at all times
  • the average concentration at all times calculated on the target pipe section in S4 The data groups composed of the flow velocity V and the pressure difference P corresponding to each moment are collected together to form a data group set ⁇ , assuming that ⁇ has n data groups, it can be expressed as
  • the data set obtained in S5 is not a completely ideal data set. There are many "problem data” that will affect the follow-up research.
  • the obtained data group is screened and screened. If there is a problem with any data in the data group, or there is a contradiction between the data in the data group, the entire data group needs to be removed from the data group set.
  • the removed data group set is ⁇ , Suppose there are m data groups, then
  • the cutter head of the dredging ship needs to make a U-turn when it swings to the edge. At this time, the soil is no longer cut.
  • the concentration is very small, and even many data are close to zero.
  • the pressure difference value should also be very small, but sometimes the measured pressure difference is still not small. This is due to the sensor signal problem, and the data collected in the project will not decrease instantaneously;
  • the concentration meter For the data group with high concentration and normal pressure difference, the concentration meter has a range limit. When the actual concentration exceeds the maximum range of the concentration meter, the concentration meter only records the maximum value. At this time, the pressure difference measurement is accurate, which is also a kind of "Question Data";
  • the present invention's coping strategy sort and classify the flow rate and concentration, and take the average of the data in the same category, weaken the data error, weaken the data concentration, and make the new data group after processing more representative and authentic.
  • Research provides solid engineering data.
  • the specific processing method is as follows:
  • S7-1 Sort the m data groups in the data group set ⁇ according to the speed in the data group, and keep the corresponding relationship between the other two physical quantities and speeds. After sorting, each i data is a large category , classified in turn, provided to step S7-2;
  • S7-2 In each category, sort the data groups according to the concentration in the data groups, and take each j data group as a sub-category, classify them sequentially, and provide them to step S7-3;
  • the vertical columns and horizontal columns are The 98,000 data groups are grouped into 196 sub-categories, that is to say, each grid in Figure 3 is equivalent to a sub-category, and each sub-category has 500 data groups.
  • Data sets have similar properties and reflect similar physical phenomena. Then, take the average of the data sets in the same category, that is, take the average of the three physical quantities of the flow velocity, the average concentration of the pipeline, and the pressure difference between the head and the tail of the pipeline, and a new processed data set can be obtained
  • the principle of the technical solution of the present invention select a certain monitoring point through mathematical means, and deduce the concentration value of the monitoring point changing with time to the concentration distribution on the entire delivery pipeline at any time, so as to provide convenience for the pressure difference matching of the target pipe section , to construct a data group; according to the construction characteristics of dredging ships and related theories, analyze and identify the existing "problem data", and clean the data group, which improves the reliability of the final data group; Its size is sorted, grouped, and averaged separately, which weakens the concentration of data, makes the new processed data group more representative and authentic, and provides reliable engineering data for follow-up research.
  • This embodiment 2 carries out data analysis and application based on embodiment 1, which is regarded as S8:
  • the data provided by step S7 can be applied to the research of the pipeline transportation mechanism, the improvement of the transportation theory, the establishment of the transportation theory model and so on.
  • the three friction empirical formulas of Durand's formula, Jufin's formula and Fei Xiangjun's formula are firstly applied to the transportation project to calculate the frictional resistance, as shown in Figure 4, the abscissa is the field data acquired by S1-S7, namely The actual measured value, the ordinate is the theoretical value calculated by the empirical formula, the closer these scattered points are to the middle straight line, the higher the matching degree between the theoretical calculation value and the field measured value is, obviously, the matching degree between the calculation results of these empirical formulas and the project is better Difference. If it can be corrected, optimized, or even put forward a new calculation formula, more accurate calculation results can be provided in related calculations, which has practical engineering significance. For this reason, the present invention has done following processing:
  • the existing Fei Xiangjun formula divides friction into two parts: carrier friction and bed friction.
  • I m is the friction loss of the transported slurry (mH 2 O/m); ⁇ is the correction coefficient related to the relative viscosity coefficient of the slurry; ⁇ is the resistance coefficient along the pipeline when transporting clean water; V g is the acceleration of gravity (m/s 2 ); D is the inner diameter of the pipeline (m); ⁇ m is the bulk density of the slurry (t/m 3 ); ⁇ w is the bulk density of the transport medium, the The embodiment is mainly sea water, which is 1.025t/ m3 ; ⁇ s is the bulk density of the solid material to be transported, and the working condition used in this embodiment is mainly medium and coarse sand, which is 2.65t/ m3 ; K m is the test coefficient; ⁇ s is the friction Coefficient, generally taken as 0.44; C vd is the volume concentration of solid particles in the slurry, V c is the critical velocity (m/s), and is calculated using the standard formula (JTS 181-5-2012);
  • v is the hydrodynamic viscosity coefficient, which is taken as 10 6 m 2 /s.
  • Fei Xiangjun's formula is more suitable for pipeline transportation of solid-liquid two-phase flow in a thin bed state.
  • the present invention considers to improve Fei Xiangjun's formula from the angle of flow form, promptly take whether there is bed as critical condition, when lower than this critical condition, adopt existing Fei Xiangjun's formula; , the carrier friction remains unchanged, and the bed friction tends to disappear.
  • the revised Fei Xiangjun formula is established as follows:
  • Vc is the critical velocity of the slurry (m/s)
  • JTS 181-5-2012 is used here:
  • V c (90C vd ) 1/3 g 1/4 D 1/2 ⁇ 1/2 d 50 -1/4 (4)
  • the revised formula is an improvement based on the original Fei Xiangjun's empirical formula, the principle has changed, the structure of the formula has changed significantly, and the calculation results match well, so it can be regarded as a new formula. Then, in actual construction, when similar working conditions are encountered, the formula can be used to calculate the friction value of the transmission pipeline and guide the on-site operation, which has high application value.

Abstract

A data processing method of a dredging and transport system on a long-distance pipeline transport site. The data comprises flow velocity data, pressure data, and concentration data, and the flow velocity data and pressure data are obtained by existing methods. The method comprises: first, selecting the starting point of the entire pipeline as a monitoring point, obtaining a flow velocity value of a sediment fluid at the monitoring point as a common velocity value of the entire pipeline comprising a downstream target pipe section to be tested at the same time point, obtaining a concentration value at the monitoring point, deducing the concentration distribution in the entire pipeline at any time point according to the concentration value of the monitoring point changing over time, matching the pressure difference of the target pipe section, and constructing data sets; next, cleaning the data sets; and then, using the data sets as two-dimensional spatial data, and sorting, grouping, and averaging same according to their size so as to weaken the centrality of the data. The processed data set is representative and authentic, thereby providing reliable engineering data for subsequent research.

Description

一种长距离管道输送现场疏浚输送系统数据处理方法A data processing method for long-distance pipeline transportation on-site dredging transportation system 技术领域technical field
本发明属于疏浚工程技术领域。The invention belongs to the technical field of dredging engineering.
背景技术Background technique
疏浚工程中,泥沙输送的主要形式是水力输送,尤其是固液混合多相流的长距离管道输送,并经常使用多泵系统。管道输送对疏浚施工效率影响大,能耗大,例如管道输送能耗在绞吸式挖泥船施工中,占总能耗的80%以上。浆体流速过快往往会增加摩阻,浪费动力,流速过慢则泥沙沉积,导致堵管、爆管等一系列问题。实现高效、稳定、安全的水力输送是一直以来追求的目标。In dredging engineering, the main form of sediment transportation is hydraulic transportation, especially long-distance pipeline transportation of solid-liquid mixed multiphase flow, and multi-pump systems are often used. Pipeline transportation has a great influence on the efficiency of dredging construction and consumes a lot of energy. For example, the energy consumption of pipeline transportation accounts for more than 80% of the total energy consumption in the construction of cutter suction dredgers. If the slurry flow rate is too fast, friction will be increased and power will be wasted. If the flow rate is too slow, sediment will be deposited, leading to a series of problems such as pipe blockage and pipe burst. Realizing efficient, stable and safe hydraulic transportation is the goal that has been pursued all along.
考虑到疏浚管线实际作业数据随时间及沿程分布的波动性,常规现场测试数据多采用按时段平均(比如1小时、1天等)的处理方案,使得处理后的数据在流速和浓度分布上趋于集中,不能有效地反映实际输送特性。而现场获取的数据跟实验室内稳定可控的数据不同,其波动性大,复杂程度高,且实时变化的流速、浓度和压差等数据之间又相互关联。Considering the fluctuation of the actual operation data of the dredging pipeline over time and along the distribution, the conventional on-site test data usually adopts the processing scheme of averaging by period (such as 1 hour, 1 day, etc.), so that the processed data can be more accurate in terms of flow velocity and concentration distribution. It tends to be concentrated and cannot effectively reflect the actual conveying characteristics. The data obtained on site is different from the stable and controllable data in the laboratory. It is highly volatile and complex, and the real-time changing flow rate, concentration and pressure difference data are interrelated.
这些数据是进一步研究管道输送机理,完善输送理论,建立输送理论模型等研究工作的基础,而现场测试数据只有经过科学的方法处理后才可以有效利用,例如,多年来,国内外相关领域的专家和学者,针对管道水力输送的摩阻损失及临界流速问题,开展了大量的测试和研究,早期研究多是从宏观层面出发,基于一定的理论假定以及室内小管径管道输送试验或现场中小管径管道输送测试结果,建立了大量经验性或半经验半理论计算模型,在疏浚界及相关领域,以Durand、Newitt、Wasp、费祥俊、王绍周等研究成果为代表。这些计算模型用于现代大管径管道、高浓度输送、粗颗粒或复杂土质工况下疏浚输送系统性能分析计算,可能存在较大的偏差。合理处理后的现场数据可以较好的修正优化这些经验模型,乃至于提出更合理的计算模型。These data are the basis for further research on the pipeline transportation mechanism, perfecting the transportation theory, and establishing the theoretical model of transportation, and the field test data can only be effectively used after being processed by scientific methods. For example, over the years, experts in related fields at home and abroad have He scholars have carried out a lot of tests and researches on the friction loss and critical velocity of pipeline hydraulic transportation. Most of the early studies were from the macro level, based on certain theoretical assumptions and indoor small-diameter pipeline transportation tests or on-site small and medium-sized pipes. In the dredging industry and related fields, the research results of Durand, Newitt, Wasp, Fei Xiangjun, Wang Shaozhou, etc. are represented. These calculation models are used in the performance analysis and calculation of dredging and conveying systems under modern large-diameter pipelines, high-concentration transportation, coarse particles or complex soil conditions, and there may be large deviations. Reasonably processed field data can better modify and optimize these empirical models, and even propose a more reasonable calculation model.
综上,有必要提出一种科学可行的现场输送数据的处理方法。考虑到浓度传感器价格昂贵,在水面管线上布置和安装较困难,因此,通过大量的实物浓度传感器布设来采集有效数据的成本和难度都很大,不易推广和工程应用。To sum up, it is necessary to propose a scientific and feasible processing method for on-site data transmission. Considering that the concentration sensor is expensive, it is difficult to arrange and install it on the water surface pipeline. Therefore, the cost and difficulty of collecting effective data through the deployment of a large number of physical concentration sensors are very high, and it is not easy to promote and apply in engineering.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述问题,本发明的目的是公开一套数据处理方法,通过该方法可以得到基础管道数据,以有效代替密布实物浓度传感器方式获得基础管道数据,用于工程应用及疏浚管道特性研究。本发明考虑采用按流速、浓度大小,分类平均的处理方法,首先,对实测流速、浓度、压力数据进行前处理,然后结合管线及测点布置情况,在合理假设下推演得到测试管段 的实时浓度数据。随后,将测试工况数据组合(流速、浓度以及压差)按照流速、浓度进行分类排序,并按一定数量(一般不低于500个数据组合)进行划分。最后,取划分后各数据组的平均值,形成最终的测试工况数据组。通过以上处理方式,可以得到实际施工较广泛流速及浓度分布下的测试结果,并通过平均降低少数数据测试偏差及各类异常情况导致的测试结果偏离。进一步应用,即对该数据和方法进行应用,其可用于研究管道输送机理,完善输送理论,建立输送理论模型等工作。In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to disclose a set of data processing methods, through which the basic pipeline data can be obtained, which can effectively replace the dense physical concentration sensors to obtain the basic pipeline data, which is used for engineering applications and dredging pipeline characteristics research. The present invention considers adopting the processing method of classifying and averaging according to the flow velocity and concentration. Firstly, the measured flow velocity, concentration, and pressure data are pre-processed, and then combined with the layout of pipelines and measuring points, the real-time concentration of the test pipe section is deduced under reasonable assumptions. data. Subsequently, the test working condition data combinations (flow rate, concentration and pressure difference) are classified and sorted according to flow rate and concentration, and divided according to a certain number (generally not less than 500 data combinations). Finally, take the average value of each divided data group to form the final test condition data group. Through the above processing methods, the test results under a wider flow rate and concentration distribution in actual construction can be obtained, and the deviation of test results caused by a small number of data and various abnormal conditions can be reduced by averaging. Further application is to apply the data and method, which can be used to study the mechanism of pipeline transportation, improve the transportation theory, and establish the theoretical model of transportation.
为实现上述目的,本发明需要保护的下技术方案:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention needs to protect the following technical solutions:
概括的技术方案:Summary technical solution:
一种长距离管道输送现场疏浚输送系统数据处理方法,所述数据包括流速数据、压力数据、浓度数据;所述流速数据、压力数据通过已有方法获得,其特征在于,首先,选取整个输送管道的起始点作为监测点,获得该监测点的泥沙流体流速值视为其下游整个管道(包括待测目标管段)同时刻共同的流速值,获得该监测点处的浓度值,将监测点随时间变化的浓度值推演出任意时刻整个输送管道上的浓度分布,为目标管段压差进行匹配,构建数据组;接着,清洗数据组;接着,将数据组作为二维空间数据,按其大小分别排序、分组、取平均,弱化数据的集中性。经本发明方法处理后的数据组具代表性和真实性,为后续研究提供了可靠的工程数据。A data processing method for long-distance pipeline transportation on-site dredging and transportation system, the data includes flow velocity data, pressure data, and concentration data; the flow velocity data and pressure data are obtained through existing methods, and it is characterized in that, first, the entire transportation pipeline is selected The initial point of the monitoring point is used as the monitoring point, and the flow velocity value of the sediment fluid at the monitoring point is regarded as the common flow velocity value of the entire downstream pipeline (including the target pipe section) at the same time, and the concentration value at the monitoring point is obtained. The time-varying concentration value deduces the concentration distribution on the entire pipeline at any time, matches the pressure difference of the target pipe section, and constructs a data group; then, cleans the data group; then, uses the data group as two-dimensional spatial data, and separates them according to their size Sorting, grouping, averaging, weakening the concentration of data. The data group processed by the method of the invention is representative and authentic, and provides reliable engineering data for follow-up research.
与现有技术相比,本发明的创新与优点在于:建立了一种长距离管道输送现场数据处理方法及其应用,可以按流速、浓度的大小对数据分类平均,形成最终的测试工况数据组,可以得到实际施工较广泛流速及浓度分布下的测试结果,并通过平均降低少数数据测试偏差及各类异常情况导致的测试结果偏离;可以用于研究管道输送机理,完善输送理论,建立输送理论模型等工作,例如研究不同的摩阻经验公式与该输送工程的匹配性,并对其进行修正优化乃至提出新的计算公式,其在相关计算中可以提供更准确的计算结果,具有切实的工程意义。Compared with the prior art, the innovation and advantage of the present invention are: a long-distance pipeline transportation field data processing method and its application are established, and the data can be classified and averaged according to the flow rate and concentration to form the final test condition data It can obtain the test results under a wide range of flow velocity and concentration distribution in actual construction, and reduce the test deviation of a small number of data and the deviation of test results caused by various abnormal situations on average; it can be used to study the pipeline transportation mechanism, improve the transportation theory, and establish the transportation Work such as theoretical models, such as studying the matching between different friction empirical formulas and the transportation project, and revising and optimizing them, and even proposing new calculation formulas, which can provide more accurate calculation results in related calculations, and have practical significance. Engineering significance.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1所示为长距离管道输送现场数据处理与经验公式修正方法流程图;Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of long-distance pipeline transportation field data processing and empirical formula correction method;
图2所示为某时刻管道上的浓度分布图;Figure 2 shows the concentration distribution diagram on the pipeline at a certain moment;
图3所示为数据分类二维示意图;Figure 3 shows a two-dimensional schematic diagram of data classification;
图4所示为某钢制管段常用公式计算摩阻损失与实测值对比图;Figure 4 shows the comparison between the friction loss calculated by the common formula and the measured value of a steel pipe section;
图5所示为某钢制管段新型公式计算摩阻损失与实测值对比图。Figure 5 shows the comparison between the friction loss calculated by the new formula and the measured value of a certain steel pipe section.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为能进一步了解本发明的发明内容、特点及功效,兹以某绞吸挖泥船某施工工况为实施例,并配合附图对本发明作如下详细说明:In order to further understand the invention content, characteristics and effects of the present invention, a certain construction condition of a certain cutter suction dredger is hereby taken as an embodiment, and the present invention is described in detail as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
该方法不限于本实施例中的绞吸挖泥船管道输送,也适用于其他多泵-管道固液两相流的输送过程。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明,但是本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施,因此本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制;This method is not limited to the pipeline transportation of the cutter suction dredger in this embodiment, and is also applicable to other multi-pump-pipeline solid-liquid two-phase flow transportation processes. In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described here, so the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below. limits;
本发明提出一种长距离管道输送现场数据处理方法及其应用,流程图如图1所示,本实施例所用工程工况是绞吸挖泥船管道输送,具体包含以下步骤:The present invention proposes a long-distance pipeline transportation on-site data processing method and its application. The flow chart is shown in Figure 1. The engineering condition used in this embodiment is pipeline transportation by a cutter suction dredger, which specifically includes the following steps:
S1:长距离管道输送施工数据采集,提供给S2:S1: Long-distance pipeline transportation construction data collection, provided to S2:
S1-1:采集管道输送静态数据,即在某时间段内,不随时间变化的数据,这些数据往往在工程施工短期内不会变化,例如输送管道长度、直径、类型、粗糙度,输送泥沙粒径、容重,以及挖深、高程等,这些数据在下文的数据处理和应用实例中会使用到;S1-1: Collect static data of pipeline transportation, that is, data that does not change with time within a certain period of time. These data often do not change in the short term during engineering construction, such as the length, diameter, type, roughness, and sediment transport of pipelines Particle size, bulk density, and excavation depth, elevation, etc., these data will be used in the following data processing and application examples;
S1-2:采集管道输送动态数据,即随时间实时变化的数据,主要包括输送起始点浓度、流速、测试目标段管道压力,这三个物理量同时也是疏浚工程中长距离管道输送的最主要物理量,是进行分析研究的关键参数。下文主要就是针对动态数据进行处理、分析。在研究管道输送问题时,单个管道截面上的压力意义不大,往往需要分析流体流经一段管道后,压力损失程度,也就是这段管道的首尾压力差,因此在实际测量中,测量了这段管道(测试目标段)起始和结束位置上的的绝对压力值。S1-2: Collect dynamic data of pipeline transportation, that is, data that changes in real time over time, mainly including concentration at the starting point of transportation, flow velocity, and pipeline pressure at the test target section. These three physical quantities are also the most important physical quantities for long-distance pipeline transportation in dredging projects , is a key parameter for analysis and research. The following is mainly for the processing and analysis of dynamic data. When studying pipeline transportation problems, the pressure on a single pipeline section is of little significance. It is often necessary to analyze the degree of pressure loss after the fluid flows through a section of pipeline, that is, the pressure difference between the head and tail of this section of pipeline. Therefore, in actual measurement, this Absolute pressure values at the start and end positions of the segment pipeline (test target segment).
S2:长距离管道输送数据前处理,主要是针对上述动态数据进行处理:S2: Pre-processing of long-distance pipeline transmission data, mainly for the above-mentioned dynamic data processing:
S2-1:流速数据的前处理,通过颜色示踪法获取流速准确值,并对流速传感器进行标定;在施工作业中,绞吸挖泥船上的信号采集时存在个别时刻或个别极短时段数据丢失的情况,而数据变化往往不是突变的,所以可以通过前后时刻测量的数据进行修正;S2-1: Pre-processing of flow rate data, obtaining the accurate value of flow rate by color tracing method, and calibrating the flow rate sensor; in the construction operation, there are individual moments or individual extremely short-term data in the signal collection on the cutter suction dredger In the case of loss, the data change is often not sudden, so it can be corrected by the data measured before and after;
S2-2:浓度数据的前处理。同理,首先需对丢失的浓度数据进行修正,其次,将传感器测量的湿方浓度(也称船显浓度)换算为颗粒体积浓度;S2-2: Preprocessing of concentration data. In the same way, firstly, the missing concentration data needs to be corrected, and secondly, the wet square concentration (also known as the ship display concentration) measured by the sensor is converted into the particle volume concentration;
所述湿方浓度:这是疏浚工程中管道输送方面的专业术语;挖泥船挖土时,原状土是松散的,这时直接测量的浓度为湿方浓度,其值比颗粒体积浓度偏大。The wet square concentration: this is a professional term for pipeline transportation in dredging engineering; when the dredger is digging the soil, the undisturbed soil is loose, and the concentration directly measured at this time is the wet square concentration, and its value is larger than the particle volume concentration .
S2-3:压力数据的前处理。计算测量目标段起始位置和结束位置的压力差,并将缺失或明显错误的数据记为NaN;S2-3: Preprocessing of pressure data. Calculate the pressure difference between the start position and the end position of the measurement target segment, and record missing or obviously wrong data as NaN;
S2-4:时钟匹配。所安装传感器的时间由于各种原因,有时显示记录的时间不一致,需进行时钟匹配。S2-4: Clock matching. Due to various reasons, the time of the installed sensor sometimes shows that the recorded time is inconsistent, and clock matching is required.
S3:浓度分布的推演计算:S3: Deduction calculation of concentration distribution:
现场测量不可能在整个管道上都安装浓度计,其成本和安装难度很大,并不现实,因此,工程中往往选择在船甲板的某段适宜管道上进行浆体浓度测量和流量测量,流量在整个管道各个截面上基本是一致的,但受挖泥船作业方式和水下地形、土质条件等众多因素影响,浓度变化却比较复杂,其在整个管道内的分布也很不均匀,需要将船上单个测量点获得的浓度推演到在整个输送管道的空间分布上来,获得整个管道的浓度分布。It is impossible to install a concentration meter on the entire pipeline for on-site measurement. The cost and installation difficulty are very high, and it is not realistic. It is basically the same in all sections of the entire pipeline, but affected by many factors such as dredger operation mode, underwater topography, and soil conditions, the concentration change is more complicated, and its distribution in the entire pipeline is also very uneven. The concentration obtained at a single measurement point on the ship is deduced to the spatial distribution of the entire pipeline to obtain the concentration distribution of the entire pipeline.
工程上为了安全,往往将浆体流速控制在高于临界流速的范围内,以减少泥沙沉积和防止堵管。因此,本发明假设浆体在输送过程中,其浓度值不随空间位置的改变而改变。以某一时刻管道吸口处的浆体微元为例进行说明,该浆体微元的颗粒体积浓度为C vd,由于浆体流速V随时间是变化的,可以认为是时间t的函数,因此具有浓度值为C vd的浆体微元不同时间内移动的距离并不同,Δt时间后,该浆体位于距起始点x处,可表示为: In order to be safe in engineering, the slurry flow rate is often controlled in the range higher than the critical flow rate to reduce sediment deposition and prevent pipe plugging. Therefore, the present invention assumes that the concentration value of the slurry does not change with the change of the spatial position during the conveying process. Taking the slurry element at the suction port of the pipeline as an example at a certain moment, the particle volume concentration of the slurry element is C vd , since the slurry flow rate V changes with time, it can be considered as a function of time t, so The moving distance of the slurry micro-element with concentration value C vd is different in different time. After Δt time, the slurry is located at a distance from the starting point x, which can be expressed as:
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000001
对于该浆体微元,通过积分可以计算出其任意时刻距起始点的距离,同理,对于任意浆体微元,都可以通过该积分方法计算其移动距离,如此,便可以获得整个管道上任意时刻浆体的浓度分布,用于提供给步骤S4。本发明将时间以秒为单位进行离散化,追踪每一时刻,每一浓度值及其在管道上的位移距离。因此,追踪的各个浓度值之间的间隔距离是不同的,两浓度间的间隔长度上的浓度通过插值获得。本发明以浓度、流速测量位置为管道起始零点,以该点测量的浓度、流速测量值为基础,依次推算整个管道在不同时刻的浓度分布。本实施例选取了某25000s内的数据进行分析,以该时段第14000s时刻为例,推算的浓度分布结果如图3所示。For this slurry element, the distance from the starting point at any time can be calculated by integration. Similarly, for any slurry element, its moving distance can be calculated by this integration method. In this way, the distance on the entire pipeline can be obtained. The concentration distribution of the slurry at any time is used to provide to step S4. The invention discretizes the time in seconds, and tracks every moment, every concentration value and its displacement distance on the pipeline. Therefore, the interval distance between the traced concentration values is different, and the concentration at the interval length between two concentrations is obtained by interpolation. The present invention takes the concentration and flow velocity measurement position as the initial zero point of the pipeline, and calculates the concentration distribution of the whole pipeline at different times sequentially based on the concentration and flow velocity measurement values measured at this point. In this embodiment, the data within a certain 25000s is selected for analysis. Taking the 14000s time of this period as an example, the calculated concentration distribution results are shown in FIG. 3 .
S4:计算目标管段的平均浓度
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000002
S4: Calculate the average concentration of the target pipe segment
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000002
在S3中已经计算得到了不同时刻整个管道上的浓度分布,目标管段是整个管道的中的一小段,由于数据是离散化的,需通过数值积分方法来计算目标管段的浓度平均值。如此,便可以计算得到所有时刻,该目标管段上对应的平均浓度
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000003
In S3, the concentration distribution on the entire pipeline at different times has been calculated. The target pipeline section is a small section of the entire pipeline. Since the data is discretized, the average concentration of the target pipeline section needs to be calculated by numerical integration. In this way, the corresponding average concentration on the target pipe section can be calculated at all times
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000003
值得注意的是,本实施例所研究的目标管段在任意时刻,该管段上的平均浓度
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000004
和泥浆流速V、管道首尾压差P三个物理量构成一个数据组
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000005
数据组内的数据是相互关联,一一对应的(下文中的数据处理都是对数据组进行的)。
It is worth noting that, at any time in the target pipe section studied in this embodiment, the average concentration on the pipe section
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000004
Together with the three physical quantities of mud flow rate V and pressure difference P between the head and the tail of the pipeline, a data set is formed
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000005
The data in the data group are interrelated and correspond to each other (the data processing in the following is all performed on the data group).
S5:获取(流速-平均浓度-压差)一一对应的数据组集α,由S6进一步处理:S5: Obtain (flow rate-average concentration-pressure difference) one-to-one corresponding data set α, which is further processed by S6:
将S4中目标管段上计算出来的所有时刻平均浓度
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000006
与每一时刻对应的流速V,压差P组成的数据组集合到一起,构成一个数据组集合α,设α有n个数据组,则可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000007
The average concentration at all times calculated on the target pipe section in S4
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000006
The data groups composed of the flow velocity V and the pressure difference P corresponding to each moment are collected together to form a data group set α, assuming that α has n data groups, it can be expressed as
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000007
S6:数据筛选和剔除:S6: Data screening and elimination:
在S5中所获得的数据组并不是完全理想的数据组,存在很多“问题数据”,会影响后续研究,需要结合实际工况、数据采集特性、数据组内数据相关性、相关理论知识等对获得的数据组进行甄别和筛选,数据组内的任何一个数据存在问题,或数据组内数据间存在矛盾,都需要将整个数据组从数据组集合中剔除,剔除后的数据组集合为β,设m个数据组,则
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000008
The data set obtained in S5 is not a completely ideal data set. There are many "problem data" that will affect the follow-up research. The obtained data group is screened and screened. If there is a problem with any data in the data group, or there is a contradiction between the data in the data group, the entire data group needs to be removed from the data group set. The removed data group set is β, Suppose there are m data groups, then
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000008
现场测量的数据可能存在各种各样的问题,筛选并剔除掉这些问题数据,可以提高数据的准确性和有效性。以下对“问题数据”进行举例说明:There may be various problems in the data measured on site. Screening and eliminating these problem data can improve the accuracy and validity of the data. The following is an example of "problem data":
对于浓度小、压差大的数据组,疏浚船的绞刀头横向摆动作业,当摆动到边缘时需进行 掉头,此时不再切削土体,浓度很小,甚至很多数据接近零,其对应的压差值也应当很小,但有时候测得的压差依然不小,这是由于传感器信号问题,工程中采集的数据不会瞬时变小;For the data set with low concentration and large pressure difference, the cutter head of the dredging ship needs to make a U-turn when it swings to the edge. At this time, the soil is no longer cut. The concentration is very small, and even many data are close to zero. The pressure difference value should also be very small, but sometimes the measured pressure difference is still not small. This is due to the sensor signal problem, and the data collected in the project will not decrease instantaneously;
对于浓度很大、压差正常的数据组,浓度计有量程限制,当实际浓度超过浓度计最大量程时,浓度计只记录为最大值,这时压差测量却是准确的,这也是一种“问题数据”;For the data group with high concentration and normal pressure difference, the concentration meter has a range limit. When the actual concentration exceeds the maximum range of the concentration meter, the concentration meter only records the maximum value. At this time, the pressure difference measurement is accurate, which is also a kind of "Question Data";
在之前的计算过程中有部分压差数据置为NaN,是问题数据,在这一环节中也要将其对应的数据组剔除掉。In the previous calculation process, some pressure difference data were set as NaN, which is problem data, and its corresponding data group should also be eliminated in this link.
S7:数据后处理:S7: Data post-processing:
常规现场测试数据多采用按时段平均(比如1小时、1天等)的处理方案,使得处理后的数据在流速和浓度分布上趋于集中,不能有效地反映实际输送特性。Conventional on-site test data mostly adopts a time-period average (such as 1 hour, 1 day, etc.) processing scheme, which makes the processed data tend to be concentrated in flow rate and concentration distribution, and cannot effectively reflect the actual transportation characteristics.
本发明应对策略:对流速、浓度进行排序和分类,并对同类内的数据分别取平均,弱化数据误差,弱化数据集中性,使得处理后的新数据组更具代表性和真实性,为后续研究提供了可靠的工程数据。The present invention's coping strategy: sort and classify the flow rate and concentration, and take the average of the data in the same category, weaken the data error, weaken the data concentration, and make the new data group after processing more representative and authentic. Research provides solid engineering data.
具体处理方法如下:The specific processing method is as follows:
S7-1:将数据组集合β内的m个数据组,按数据组中的速度大小进行排序,并保持其余两个物理量与速度的对应关系,排序后,以每i个数据为一大类,依次分类,提供给步骤S7-2;S7-1: Sort the m data groups in the data group set β according to the speed in the data group, and keep the corresponding relationship between the other two physical quantities and speeds. After sorting, each i data is a large category , classified in turn, provided to step S7-2;
S7-2:在每个大类内,再将数据组按数据组中浓度的大小来排序,以每j个数据组为一小类,依次分类,提供给步骤S7-3;S7-2: In each category, sort the data groups according to the concentration in the data groups, and take each j data group as a sub-category, classify them sequentially, and provide them to step S7-3;
S7-3:这样,庞大的数据组就以速度为横坐标,浓度为纵坐标被分割在二维空间内,为便于理解,绘制图3进行说明:S7-3: In this way, the huge data set is divided into two-dimensional space with the speed as the abscissa and the concentration as the ordinate. For easy understanding, draw Figure 3 for illustration:
假设集合β内有98000个数据组,按速度排序后,从小到大,每7000个数据组为一大类,则总共有14个大类,在图3的坐标空间内被分成了14纵栏,由于实际施工中,浆体流速更集中的分布于5m/s的流速附近,所以流速靠近5m/s的类对应的速度变化范围小;同理,对同一大类中的数据组,按浓度排序后,从小到大,每500个数据组为一小类,则同一大类中又总共有14个小类,在图3的空间内又被分成了14橫栏,纵栏和橫栏就将98000个数据组分在了196个小类中,也就是说,图3中每一个格子相当于一个小类,每一个小类中都有500个数据组,我们认为这一小类中的数据组具有相似的特性,反映的是相似的物理现象。接着,对同一类中的数据组取平均,也就是对流速、管道平均浓度和管道首尾压差三个物理量分别取平均,可以得到一个处理后的新数据组
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000009
Assuming that there are 98,000 data groups in the set β, sorted by speed, from small to large, every 7,000 data groups are a large category, there are a total of 14 major categories, which are divided into 14 columns in the coordinate space of Figure 3 , because in actual construction, the slurry flow velocity is more concentrated near the flow velocity of 5m/s, so the velocity range corresponding to the flow velocity close to 5m/s is small; similarly, for the data groups in the same category, the concentration After sorting, from small to large, every 500 data groups is a sub-category, and there are 14 sub-categories in the same large category, which are divided into 14 horizontal columns in the space in Figure 3. The vertical columns and horizontal columns are The 98,000 data groups are grouped into 196 sub-categories, that is to say, each grid in Figure 3 is equivalent to a sub-category, and each sub-category has 500 data groups. We think that in this sub-category Data sets have similar properties and reflect similar physical phenomena. Then, take the average of the data sets in the same category, that is, take the average of the three physical quantities of the flow velocity, the average concentration of the pipeline, and the pressure difference between the head and the tail of the pipeline, and a new processed data set can be obtained
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000009
S7-4:将这些数据组合并到一个集合γ里,作为最后的数据组集合,设γ有k个数据组,则可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000010
S7-4: Merge these data groups into a set γ, as the final data group set, if γ has k data groups, it can be expressed as
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000010
综上,本发明技术方案原理:通过数学手段,选个某个监测点,将监测点随时间变化的浓度值推演出任意时刻整个输送管道上的浓度分布,为目标管段的压差匹配提供便利,构建数据组;根据疏浚船施工特性和相关理论,分析甄别出存在的“问题数据”,对数据组进行 清洗,提高了最终数据组的可靠性;首次提出将数据作为二维空间数据,按其大小分别排序、分组、取平均,弱化了数据的集中性,使得处理后的新数据组更具代表性和真实性,为后续研究提供了可靠的工程数据。值得注意的是,本发明技术方案处理方法对处理流程要求严格,不能颠倒顺序,例如在浓度推演时,需要用到连续时刻记录的浓度、流速数据,因而即便存在“问题数据”,也不能在该流程中进行剔除,这是一个环环相扣的、一套完整的数据处理方法,抛开其中任一环节,都会对最终数据组的可靠性造成影响。To sum up, the principle of the technical solution of the present invention: select a certain monitoring point through mathematical means, and deduce the concentration value of the monitoring point changing with time to the concentration distribution on the entire delivery pipeline at any time, so as to provide convenience for the pressure difference matching of the target pipe section , to construct a data group; according to the construction characteristics of dredging ships and related theories, analyze and identify the existing "problem data", and clean the data group, which improves the reliability of the final data group; Its size is sorted, grouped, and averaged separately, which weakens the concentration of data, makes the new processed data group more representative and authentic, and provides reliable engineering data for follow-up research. It is worth noting that the processing method of the technical solution of the present invention has strict requirements on the processing flow, and the order cannot be reversed. Elimination is carried out in this process, which is a set of interlocking and complete data processing methods. Leaving aside any link, it will affect the reliability of the final data set.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例2基于实施例1进行数据分析及应用,视为S8:This embodiment 2 carries out data analysis and application based on embodiment 1, which is regarded as S8:
由步骤S7提供来的数据可以应用到管道输送机理的研究,输送理论的完善,输送理论模型的建立等工作。The data provided by step S7 can be applied to the research of the pipeline transportation mechanism, the improvement of the transportation theory, the establishment of the transportation theory model and so on.
在本实施例中,以建立新型摩阻计算公式为应用实例进行说明。关于摩阻计算,研究者大多都是基于一定的理论假定以及室内小管径管道输送试验或现场中小管径管道输送测试结果,建立经验性或半经验半理论计算模型,在疏浚界及相关领域,以Durand、Newitt、Wasp、费祥俊、王绍周等研究成果为代表。这些计算模型用于现代大管径管道、高浓度输送、粗颗粒或复杂土质工况下疏浚输送系统性能分析计算,可能存在较大的偏差。而经过合理处理后的现场数据可以较好的修正优化这些经验模型,乃至于提出更合理的计算模型,这正是本实施例所要解决的主要问题。In this embodiment, the establishment of a new friction calculation formula is used as an application example for illustration. Regarding the calculation of friction resistance, most researchers have established empirical or semi-empirical and semi-theoretical calculation models based on certain theoretical assumptions and indoor small-diameter pipeline transportation tests or on-site small-diameter pipeline transportation test results. , represented by the research results of Durand, Newitt, Wasp, Fei Xiangjun, Wang Shaozhou, etc. These calculation models are used in the performance analysis and calculation of dredging and conveying systems under modern large-diameter pipelines, high-concentration transportation, coarse particles or complex soil conditions, and there may be large deviations. The field data after reasonable processing can better modify and optimize these empirical models, and even propose a more reasonable calculation model, which is the main problem to be solved in this embodiment.
本实施例首先将Durand公式、Jufin公式和费祥俊公式三个摩阻经验公式应用在该输送工程中进行摩阻计算,如图4所示,横坐标是S1-S7获取的现场数据,即实测值,纵坐标是通过经验公式计算的理论值,这些散点越接近中间的直线,表示理论计算值与现场实测值匹配度越高,显然,这些经验公式计算结果与该工程的匹配度较差。如果能对其进行修正、优化,乃至提出新的计算公式,便可在相关计算中提供更准确的计算结果,这具有切实的工程意义。为此,本发明做了如下处理:In this embodiment, the three friction empirical formulas of Durand's formula, Jufin's formula and Fei Xiangjun's formula are firstly applied to the transportation project to calculate the frictional resistance, as shown in Figure 4, the abscissa is the field data acquired by S1-S7, namely The actual measured value, the ordinate is the theoretical value calculated by the empirical formula, the closer these scattered points are to the middle straight line, the higher the matching degree between the theoretical calculation value and the field measured value is, obviously, the matching degree between the calculation results of these empirical formulas and the project is better Difference. If it can be corrected, optimized, or even put forward a new calculation formula, more accurate calculation results can be provided in related calculations, which has practical engineering significance. For this reason, the present invention has done following processing:
现有的费祥俊公式,把摩阻分为载体摩阻和底床摩阻两部分。The existing Fei Xiangjun formula divides friction into two parts: carrier friction and bed friction.
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000011
式(2)中,I m为输送浆体摩阻损失(mH 2O/m);α为与浆体相对粘滞系数有关的修正系数;λ为输送清水时的管道沿程阻力系数;V为输送流速(m/s);g为重力加速度(m/s 2);D为管道内径(m);γ m为浆体的容重(t/m 3);γ w是输送介质容重,本实施例主要是海水,取1.025t/m 3;γ s是输送固体物料容重,本实施例所用工况主要是中粗砂,取2.65t/m 3;K m为试验系数;μ s为摩擦系数,一般取0.44;C vd为浆体中固体颗粒体积浓度,V c为临界流速(m/s),选用规范公式(JTS 181-5-2012)进行计算;V ss为泥沙颗粒沉速该工况中,该实施例工况中,输送介质为中粗砂,经测试,其中值粒径d 50为0.7mm,本实施例选用武水公式进行计算,见公式(3)。 In formula (2), I m is the friction loss of the transported slurry (mH 2 O/m); α is the correction coefficient related to the relative viscosity coefficient of the slurry; λ is the resistance coefficient along the pipeline when transporting clean water; V g is the acceleration of gravity (m/s 2 ); D is the inner diameter of the pipeline (m); γ m is the bulk density of the slurry (t/m 3 ); γ w is the bulk density of the transport medium, the The embodiment is mainly sea water, which is 1.025t/ m3 ; γ s is the bulk density of the solid material to be transported, and the working condition used in this embodiment is mainly medium and coarse sand, which is 2.65t/ m3 ; K m is the test coefficient; μ s is the friction Coefficient, generally taken as 0.44; C vd is the volume concentration of solid particles in the slurry, V c is the critical velocity (m/s), and is calculated using the standard formula (JTS 181-5-2012); V ss is the sedimentation velocity of sediment particles In this working condition, in the working condition of this embodiment, the conveying medium is medium-coarse sand. After testing, the median particle size d50 is 0.7mm. In this embodiment, the Wushui formula is used for calculation, see formula (3).
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000012
式中,v为流体动力粘滞系数,取10 6m 2/s. In the formula, v is the hydrodynamic viscosity coefficient, which is taken as 10 6 m 2 /s.
本领域皆知,费祥俊公式比较适用于存在薄层底床状态的固液两相流管道输送,当流速偏高、不存在底床情况时,可能存在较大偏差。为此,本发明考虑从流动形态的角度对费祥俊公式进行改进,即以是否存在底床作为临界条件,低于该临界条件时,采用现有费祥俊公式;高于该临界条件时,载体摩阻不变,底床摩阻趋于消失。基于以上考虑,建立如下修正的费祥俊公式:It is well known in the art that Fei Xiangjun's formula is more suitable for pipeline transportation of solid-liquid two-phase flow in a thin bed state. When the flow rate is high and there is no bed, there may be a large deviation. For this reason, the present invention considers to improve Fei Xiangjun's formula from the angle of flow form, promptly take whether there is bed as critical condition, when lower than this critical condition, adopt existing Fei Xiangjun's formula; , the carrier friction remains unchanged, and the bed friction tends to disappear. Based on the above considerations, the revised Fei Xiangjun formula is established as follows:
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000013
式中,V c为浆体临界流速(m/s),这里选用规范公式(JTS 181-5-2012): In the formula, Vc is the critical velocity of the slurry (m/s), and the standard formula (JTS 181-5-2012) is used here:
V c=(90C vd) 1/3·g 1/4·D 1/2·ω 1/2·d 50 -1/4       (4) V c =(90C vd ) 1/3 g 1/4 D 1/2 ω 1/2 d 50 -1/4 (4)
将S7获得的数据组集合
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000014
带入公式(3)中,对系数Km进行拟合,将拟合修正后的公式计算结果绘成图5,图中,该修正公式计算的摩阻损失值与实测值在大部分工况下符合较好,整体偏差在±15%以内,仅在较小值区域与实测值有较大偏差。通过与图4中经验公式(Durand公式、Jufin公式、原费祥俊公式等)计算结果相比,可以发现修正后的公式(3)具有更高的计算精度。该修正公式虽是基于原费祥俊经验公式进行的改进,但原理有所变化,公式结构变化明显,计算结果匹配性良好,可以认为是一种新公式。那么,在实际施工中,遇到类似工况时,可以使用该公式计算输送管道摩阻值,指导现场作业,这具有较高的应用价值。
Collect the data groups obtained by S7
Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-000014
Into the formula (3), the coefficient Km is fitted, and the calculation result of the formula after the fitting correction is drawn in Figure 5. In the figure, the friction loss value calculated by the revised formula and the measured value are in most working conditions The agreement is good, the overall deviation is within ±15%, and there is a large deviation from the measured value only in the small value area. Compared with the calculation results of empirical formulas (Durand formula, Jufin formula, original Fei Xiangjun formula, etc.) in Figure 4, it can be found that the revised formula (3) has higher calculation accuracy. Although the revised formula is an improvement based on the original Fei Xiangjun's empirical formula, the principle has changed, the structure of the formula has changed significantly, and the calculation results match well, so it can be regarded as a new formula. Then, in actual construction, when similar working conditions are encountered, the formula can be used to calculate the friction value of the transmission pipeline and guide the on-site operation, which has high application value.

Claims (3)

  1. 一种长距离管道输送现场疏浚输送系统数据处理方法,所述数据包括流速数据、压力数据、浓度数据;所述流速数据、压力数据通过已有方法获得,其特征在于,首先,选取整个输送管道的起始点作为监测点,获得该监测点的泥沙流体流速值视为其下游整个管道(包括待测目标管段)同时刻共同的流速值,获得该监测点处的浓度值,将监测点随时间变化的浓度值推演出任意时刻整个输送管道上的浓度分布,为目标管段压差进行匹配,构建数据组;接着,清洗数据组;接着,将数据组作为二维空间数据,按其大小分别排序、分组、取平均,弱化数据的集中性。A data processing method for long-distance pipeline transportation on-site dredging and transportation system, the data includes flow velocity data, pressure data, and concentration data; the flow velocity data and pressure data are obtained through existing methods, and it is characterized in that, first, the entire transportation pipeline is selected The initial point of the monitoring point is used as the monitoring point, and the flow velocity value of the sediment fluid at the monitoring point is regarded as the common flow velocity value of the entire downstream pipeline (including the target pipe section) at the same time, and the concentration value at the monitoring point is obtained. The time-varying concentration value deduces the concentration distribution on the entire pipeline at any time, matches the pressure difference of the target pipe section, and constructs a data group; then, cleans the data group; then, uses the data group as two-dimensional spatial data, and separates them according to their size Sorting, grouping, averaging, weakening the concentration of data.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的长距离管道输送现场疏浚输送系统数据处理方法,其特征在于,具体包含以下步骤:The long-distance pipeline transportation site dredging transportation system data processing method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, specifically comprising the following steps:
    S1:长距离管道输送施工数据采集,提供给S2;包括输送起始点浓度数据、流速数据、测试目标段管道压力数据三类动态数据;S1: Long-distance pipeline transportation construction data collection, provided to S2; including three types of dynamic data: concentration data at the starting point of transportation, flow rate data, and pipeline pressure data at the test target section;
    S2:对长距离管道输送的动态数据前处理,以及时钟匹配;,提供给S3;S2: dynamic data pre-processing for long-distance pipeline transmission, and clock matching; provided to S3;
    S3:浓度分布的推演计算:S3: Deduction calculation of concentration distribution:
    将浆体流速控制在高于临界流速的范围内,浆体在输送过程中,以某一时刻管道吸口处的浆体微元,该浆体微元的颗粒体积浓度为C vd,浆体流速V随时间是变化,是时间t的函数,具有浓度值为C vd的浆体微元在不同时间对应不同的移动距离,因此Δt时间后,该浆体位于距起始点x处,表示为: Control the flow rate of the slurry in the range higher than the critical flow rate. During the conveying process of the slurry, the particle volume concentration of the particle volume concentration of the slurry particle at the suction port of the pipeline at a certain moment is C vd , and the flow rate of the slurry is V changes with time and is a function of time t. The slurry microelement with concentration value C vd corresponds to different moving distances at different times. Therefore, after Δt time, the slurry is located at a distance from the starting point x, expressed as:
    x=∫ t t+ΔtV dt  (1) x=∫t t +Δt V dt (1)
    对于该浆体微元,通过积分计算出其任意时刻距起始点的距离,同理,对于任意浆体微元,通过该积分方式计算其移动距离,如此,获得整个管道上任意时刻浆体的浓度分布,用于提供给步骤S4;以浓度、流速测量位置为管道起始零点,以该点测量的浓度、流速测量值为基础,依次推算整个管道在不同时刻的浓度分布;For the slurry element, the distance from the starting point at any time is calculated by integration. Similarly, for any slurry element, the moving distance is calculated by this integral method. In this way, the distance of the slurry at any time on the entire pipeline The concentration distribution is used to provide to step S4; the initial zero point of the pipeline is taken as the concentration and flow velocity measurement position, and the concentration distribution of the entire pipeline at different times is sequentially calculated based on the concentration and flow velocity measurement values measured at this point;
    S4:计算目标管段的平均浓度
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100001
    S4: Calculate the average concentration of the target pipe segment
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100001
    在S3中计算得到了不同时刻整个管道上的浓度分布,通过数值积分来计算目标管段的浓度平均值,得到所有时刻该目标管段上对应的平均浓度
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100002
    The concentration distribution on the entire pipeline at different times is calculated in S3, and the average concentration of the target pipe section is calculated by numerical integration to obtain the corresponding average concentration of the target pipe section at all times
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100002
    目标管段在任意时刻,将该管段上的平均浓度
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100003
    和泥浆流速V、管道首尾压差P三个物理量构成一个数据组
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100004
    数据组内的数据相互关联;
    At any time in the target pipe section, the average concentration on the pipe section
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100003
    Together with the three physical quantities of mud flow rate V and pressure difference P between the head and the tail of the pipeline, a data set is formed
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100004
    The data in the data group are related to each other;
    S5:获取流速-平均浓度-压差一一对应的数据组集α,提供S6;S5: Obtain the data set α corresponding to the flow rate-average concentration-pressure difference, and provide S6;
    将S4中目标管段上计算出来的所有时刻平均浓度
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100005
    与每一时刻对应的流速V,压差P组成的数据组集合到一起,构成一个数据组集合α,设α有n个数据组,则表示为
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100007
    The average concentration at all times calculated on the target pipe section in S4
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100005
    The data groups composed of the flow velocity V and the pressure difference P corresponding to each moment are collected together to form a data group set α. If α has n data groups, it is expressed as
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100007
    S6:数据筛选和剔除,提供给S7:S6: Data screening and elimination, provided to S7:
    在S5中所获得的数据组并不是完全理想的数据组,存在很多“问题数据”,会影响后续研究,需要结合实际工况、数据采集特性、数据组内数据相关性、相关理论知识等对获得的数据组进行甄别和筛选,数据组内的任何一个数据存在问题,或数据组内数据间存在矛盾,都需要将整个数据组从数据组集合中剔除,剔除后的数据组集合为β,设m个数据组,则
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100008
    The data set obtained in S5 is not a completely ideal data set. There are many "problem data" that will affect the follow-up research. The obtained data group is screened and screened. If there is a problem with any data in the data group, or there is a contradiction between the data in the data group, the entire data group needs to be removed from the data group set. The removed data group set is β, Suppose there are m data groups, then
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100008
    剔除浓度小、压差大的数据组,剔除浓度很大、压差正常的数据组;剔除预处理阶段压差数据置为NaN的数据;Eliminate the data groups with low concentration and large pressure difference, and remove the data groups with high concentration and normal pressure difference; remove the data whose pressure difference data is set to NaN in the preprocessing stage;
    S7:数据后处理:S7: Data post-processing:
    对流速、浓度进行排序和分类,并对同类内的数据分别取平均,弱化数据误差,弱化数据集中性。Sort and classify the flow rate and concentration, and average the data within the same category to weaken data errors and data centralization.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的长距离管道输送现场疏浚输送系统数据处理方法,其特征在于,所述S7,具体处理方法如下:The long-distance pipeline transportation site dredging transportation system data processing method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, in said S7, the specific processing method is as follows:
    S7-1:将数据组集合β内的m个数据组,按数据组中的速度大小进行排序,并保持其余两个物理量与速度的对应关系,排序后,以每i个数据为一大类,依次分类,提供给步骤S7-2;S7-1: Sort the m data groups in the data group set β according to the speed in the data group, and keep the corresponding relationship between the other two physical quantities and speeds. After sorting, each i data is a large category , classified in turn, provided to step S7-2;
    S7-2:在每个大类内,再将数据组按数据组中浓度的大小来排序,以每j个数据组为一小类,依次分类,提供给步骤S7-3;S7-2: In each category, sort the data groups according to the concentration in the data groups, and take each j data group as a sub-category, classify them sequentially, and provide them to step S7-3;
    S7-3:将数据组以速度为横坐标,浓度为纵坐标分割在二维空间内;S7-3: divide the data group in two-dimensional space with the speed as the abscissa and the concentration as the ordinate;
    集合β内的数据组,按速度排序后,从小到大,将数据组分为大类;同理,对同一大类中的数据组,按浓度排序后,从小到大,再进一步分小类,则同一大类中又总共有多个小类;接着,对同一类中的数据组取平均,也就是对流速、管道平均浓度和管道首尾压差三个物理量分别取平均,得到一个处理后的新数据组
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100009
    The data groups in the set β are sorted by speed, from small to large, and the data groups are divided into large categories; similarly, for the data groups in the same large category, sorted by concentration, from small to large, and then further divided into subcategories , then there are multiple sub-categories in the same category; then, average the data groups in the same category, that is, average the three physical quantities of flow velocity, average pipeline concentration, and pressure difference between the beginning and the end of the pipeline, and obtain a processed new data set for
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100009
    S7-4:将这些数据组合并到一个集合γ里,作为最后的数据组集合,设γ有k个数据组,则表示为
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100010
    S7-4: Merge these data groups into a set γ, as the final data group set, if γ has k data groups, it is expressed as
    Figure PCTCN2022091219-appb-100010
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