CN115031801B - Method for monitoring dynamic flow based on drainage pipeline liquid level - Google Patents
Method for monitoring dynamic flow based on drainage pipeline liquid level Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring dynamic flow based on drainage pipeline liquid level, and relates to the technical field of intelligent monitoring of urban drainage systems. A method for monitoring dynamic flow based on drainage pipeline liquid level comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a drainage pipeline model based on a typical drainage pipeline design; the drainage pipeline model comprises an upstream inspection well and a downstream inspection well, and the upstream inspection well and the downstream inspection well are connected through a pipeline; the joints of the pipeline and the upstream inspection well and the downstream inspection well are respectively provided with a pipeline inlet and a pipeline outlet; s2, arranging two liquid level sensors in the drainage pipeline model; the two liquid level sensors are respectively an inlet liquid level sensor and an outlet liquid level sensor; the invention provides a method for monitoring dynamic flow based on drainage pipeline liquid level, which reduces equipment cost for flow monitoring and realizes accurate monitoring of large-range flow on the premise of meeting the requirements of safe operation of a drainage pipeline and ensuring accuracy of a flow monitoring result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent monitoring of urban drainage systems, in particular to a method for monitoring dynamic flow based on drainage pipeline liquid level.
Background
With the gradual acceleration of the urbanization process in China, the safe operation of a drainage system concerns the stable operation of cities, the stable development of economy, the stable and peaceful society and the life safety of people. The urban drainage pipe network monitoring system can provide real-time early warning for the condition of exceeding the warning line by monitoring the flow in the drainage pipe network, improve the management level of the urban drainage system, and simultaneously carry out quick judgment and positioning on the fault points possibly appearing in the drainage pipe network, thereby improving the response speed of fault treatment.
One of the cores of intelligent monitoring of urban drainage lies in the monitoring technology of flow in the pipeline. The traditional flow monitoring method has a lot of problems under a plurality of working conditions, for example, the accuracy of flow monitoring by using a tracer dilution method can have great difference, and the method depends on used equipment and personnel experience, so the cost is very high; the flow of the drainage pipeline is monitored by utilizing equipment such as an ultrasonic flowmeter, although the monitoring result is accurate, the flowmeter has high cost and is difficult to carry out large-range flow monitoring; the invention aims to provide a dynamic flow monitoring method, which reduces the equipment cost of drainage pipeline flow monitoring on the premise of meeting the requirements of safe operation of a drainage pipeline and ensuring the accuracy of a flow monitoring result so as to realize accurate monitoring of large-range flow.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
the flow monitoring method in the prior art has many problems under many working conditions, for example, the accuracy in flow monitoring by using a tracer dilution method may have great difference depending on used equipment and personnel experience, so the cost is very high; the flow of the drainage pipeline is monitored by utilizing equipment such as an ultrasonic flowmeter, although the monitoring result is accurate, the flowmeter has high cost and is difficult to carry out large-range flow monitoring; the invention aims to provide a dynamic flow monitoring method, which reduces the equipment cost of drainage pipeline flow monitoring on the premise of meeting the requirements of safe operation of a drainage pipeline and ensuring the accuracy of a flow monitoring result so as to realize accurate monitoring of large-range flow.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for monitoring dynamic flow based on drainage pipeline liquid level comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a drainage pipeline model based on a typical drainage pipeline design; the drainage pipeline model comprises an upstream inspection well and a downstream inspection well, and the upstream inspection well and the downstream inspection well are connected through a pipeline; the joints of the pipeline and the upstream inspection well and the downstream inspection well are respectively provided with a pipeline inlet and a pipeline outlet;
s2, arranging two liquid level sensors in the drainage pipeline model; the two liquid level sensors are respectively an inlet liquid level sensor and an outlet liquid level sensor, the inlet liquid level sensor is arranged at the outer side of the inlet of the pipeline, and the outlet liquid level sensor is arranged at the inner side of the outlet of the pipeline;
s3, when water flows through the drainage pipeline model in the S1, the water firstly enters from the upstream inspection wellThe pipeline flows out from the downstream inspection well through the pipeline, and the inlet liquid level sensor and the outlet liquid level sensor in the S2 respectively measure the liquid level h at the inlet of the pipeline 1 And the liquid level h at the outlet of the pipeline 2 ；
S4, according to the data obtained by the data processing end in the S3 and by combining the relative relation between the basic physical parameters of the pipeline, the working condition type of the water flow state flowing through the pipeline is judged;
and S5, based on the working condition type of the water flow state judged in the S4, and combining the liquid level data to complete the analysis and calculation of the water flow value under the corresponding working condition type.
Preferably, based on the level data h acquired in S3 1 And h 2 And measuring the height difference z between the inlet of the pipeline and the bottom of the upstream inspection well and the pipe diameter D of the pipeline, and comparing the liquid level h at the inlet of the pipeline 1 The difference between z and the pipe diameter D and the liquid level h 2 And the size of the pipe diameter D, judging the flow state of water flow in the pipeline, wherein the flow state belongs to the following working condition types:
when h is 1 -z < D, and h 2 When the flow rate is less than D, in the state, the pipeline inlet and the pipeline outlet are not submerged, and therefore the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline is judged to be a working condition 1 or a working condition 2;
when h is generated 1 When z is larger than or equal to D, in the state, the inlet of the pipeline is submerged, and therefore the water flow state in the pipeline is judged to be a working condition 3, a working condition 4 or a working condition 5.
Preferably, based on h 1 -z < D, and h 2 On the premise of < D, the specific steps for further judging the type of the working condition are as follows:
a1, mixing the liquid level h at the outlet of the pipeline 2 Substituting the formula of Manning into the flow guidance formula:
wherein n is the roughness coefficient of the pipe (3); s. the 0 Is the slope of the pipeline (3); d is the pipe diameter of the pipeline (3);
obtaining a flow trial calculation value Qx in the pipeline, substituting Qx and the physical parameters of the pipeline into a program for calculating the critical gradient, and inputting the flow trial calculation value, the pipeline roughness coefficient n and the pipeline gradient S of the pipeline 0 Pipeline radius and method for calculating critical water depth h of pipeline by Newton method c Further calculating to obtain the corresponding wet circumference χ when the water depth in the pipe is critical water depth c Coefficient of decline C c Water surface width B of water passing section c Finally passing through a calculation formula of the critical bottom slope
Obtaining the critical gradient S of the pipeline at the moment c And comparing the critical gradient S c And the pipe gradient S 0 The size of (d);
a2, when S 0 ＞S c When the flow state is judged to be the working condition 1, the slope bottom type of the pipeline is indicated to be a steep slope;
a3, when S 0 ＜S c And when the water flow state in the pipeline is judged to be the working condition 2, the type of the slope bottom of the pipeline is indicated to be a gentle slope.
Preferably, based on h 1 On the premise that z is larger than or equal to D, the specific steps for further judging the working condition type are as follows:
b1, when h 2 <D, in the state, the outlet of the pipeline is not submerged, so that the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline is judged to be a working condition 3;
b2, when h 2 D, in the state, the water depth of the outlet of the pipeline is equal to the pipe diameter of the pipeline, so that the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline is judged to be a working condition 4;
b3, when h 2 >And D, submerging the outlet of the pipeline in the state, and judging that the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline is the working condition 5.
Preferably, when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline is judged to be working condition 1, the liquid level h at the inlet of the pipeline is measured 1 Substituting into a flow equation corresponding to the working condition 1 to obtain a flow value in the pipeline, wherein the flow corresponding to the working condition 1The equation is as follows:
Q 1 ＝0.432g 0.5 (h 1 -z) 1.9 D 0.6 ；
wherein g is the acceleration of gravity; d is the pipe diameter of the pipeline.
Preferably, when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline is judged to be the working condition 2, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
a1, connecting the pipe diameter D and the gradient S of the pipeline 0 Inputting the physical parameters of the roughness coefficient n and the pipe length L into a program for correspondingly drawing a hydraulic performance graph, calculating the water surface lines of water flows in the pipeline corresponding to different outlet water depths of the pipeline with known parameters under a given flow value by the program through a Newton method so as to obtain the water depth of the pipeline inlet, and connecting points corresponding to the water depth combination of the pipeline inlet and the pipeline outlet so as to obtain a hydraulic performance curve corresponding to the given flow value; in the same way, different flow fixed values are given to generate hydraulic performance curves which are not crossed with each other, and a hydraulic performance graph is finally obtained;
a2, finding out the liquid level h at the inlet of the pipeline in a hydraulic performance diagram 1 Difference z and liquid level h at the outlet of the pipeline 2 Corresponding points and obtaining flow values through the positions of the points;
a3, if the point falls on a curve of the hydraulic performance diagram, taking the point as a corresponding flow value;
and a4, if the point falls between the two hydraulic performance curves, determining the flow value corresponding to the point by adopting an interpolation method.
Preferably, when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline is judged to be the working condition 3, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
the flow coefficient C and the liquid level h at the inlet of the pipeline 1 Substituted into the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 3,
obtaining a corresponding flow value, wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 3 is as follows:
wherein A is 0 Is the cross-sectional area of the conduit;c is a flow coefficient corresponding to the working condition 3, and can be obtained by inquiring a flow coefficient table; g is the acceleration of gravity.
Preferably, when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline is judged to be the working condition 4, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
the liquid level h at the inlet of the pipeline 1 Substituting into the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 4 to obtain a corresponding flow value, wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 4 is as follows:
wherein g is the acceleration of gravity; d is the pipe diameter of the pipeline (3);
preferably, when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline is judged to be the working condition 5, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
the liquid level h at the inlet of the pipeline 2 And the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Substituting into the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 5 to obtain a corresponding flow value, wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 5 is as follows:
wherein n is the roughness coefficient of the pipeline; s 0 Is the slope of the pipeline; l is the length of the pipeline; a. The 0 Is the cross-sectional area of the conduit.
The beneficial effects of the invention comprise the following two points:
(1) According to the invention, the liquid level sensors are arranged on the inlet side and the outlet side of the pipeline to replace a method for monitoring the flow of the drainage pipeline by using a flowmeter in the traditional mode, so that the working condition in the pipeline can be judged, the cost for monitoring the flow of the drainage pipeline can be greatly reduced, and the monitoring of the flow in a large range is realized; the method has very important effects on the safe operation of urban drainage pipelines and the improvement of the monitoring level and range of urban drainage.
(2) On the premise of meeting the requirements of a drainage pipeline system, the dynamic flow monitoring of water flow in the drainage pipeline can be realized by combining the judgment of the working condition type with the calculation method of the corresponding flow value, so that the equipment cost for monitoring the drainage pipeline flow can be greatly reduced, and the project investment is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drainage pipeline model in a drainage pipeline liquid level monitoring dynamic flow method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flowmeter arranged in a drainage pipeline model in the drainage pipeline liquid level monitoring dynamic flow-based method provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a drain pipeline with a liquid level sensor arranged in a drain pipeline model according to the method for monitoring dynamic flow based on the liquid level of the drain pipeline of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a water surface line when the dynamic flow is judged as working condition 1 in the method for monitoring the liquid level of the drainage pipeline according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic water surface line diagram when the dynamic flow is judged to be working condition 2 in the method for monitoring the liquid level of the drainage pipeline according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a water surface line when the dynamic flow is judged as working condition 3 in the method for monitoring the liquid level of the drainage pipeline according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic water surface line diagram when the dynamic flow is judged to be the working condition 4 in the method for monitoring the liquid level of the drainage pipeline according to the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a water surface line when the dynamic flow is judged to be working condition 5 in the method for monitoring the liquid level of the drainage pipeline according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a hydraulic performance diagram under the working condition 2 corresponding to embodiment 4 in the method for monitoring dynamic flow based on the liquid level of the drainage pipeline provided by the invention;
FIG. 10 is a comparison diagram of water surface lines under five working condition types in the method for monitoring dynamic flow based on the liquid level of the drainage pipeline according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a flow monitoring diagram and a flow monitoring method corresponding to five working condition types in the drainage pipeline liquid level monitoring dynamic flow method provided by the invention.
The numbering in the figures illustrates:
1. an upstream manhole; 2. a conduit inlet; 3. a pipeline; 4. a conduit outlet; 5. a downstream manhole; 6. an inlet level sensor; 7. an outlet level sensor; 8. working condition 1 water line; 9. working condition 2 water surface line; 10. working condition 3 water surface line; 11. working condition 4 water surface line; 12. working condition 5, water surface line; 13. a flow meter.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, 3 and 11, a method for monitoring dynamic flow based on drainage pipeline liquid level includes the following steps:
s1, building a drainage pipeline model based on a typical drainage pipeline design; the drainage pipeline model comprises an upstream inspection well 1 and a downstream inspection well 5, wherein the upstream inspection well 1 is connected with the downstream inspection well 5 through a pipeline 3; the joints of the pipeline 3 and the upstream inspection well 1 and the downstream inspection well 5 are respectively provided with a pipeline inlet 2 and a pipeline outlet 4;
s2, arranging two liquid level sensors in the drainage pipeline model; the two liquid level sensors are respectively an inlet liquid level sensor 6 and an outlet liquid level sensor 7, the inlet liquid level sensor 6 is arranged at the outer side of the pipeline inlet 2, and the outlet liquid level sensor 7 is arranged at the inner side of the pipeline outlet 4;
s3, when water flows through the drainage pipeline model in the S1, the water enters the pipeline 3 from the upstream inspection well 1 and then passes throughThe liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline is respectively measured by an inlet liquid level sensor 6 and an outlet liquid level sensor 7 in the S2 after the liquid flows out from a downstream inspection well 5 through the pipeline 3 1 And the liquid level h at the pipe outlet 4 2 ；
S4, according to the data obtained by the data processing end in the S3 and by combining the relative relation between the basic physical parameters of the pipeline 3, the working condition type of the water flow state flowing through the pipeline 3 is judged;
s5, based on the working condition type of the water flow state judged in the S4, and combining the liquid level data to finish the analysis and calculation of the water flow value under the corresponding working condition type;
based on the liquid level data h acquired in S3 1 And h 2 And measuring the height difference z between the pipeline inlet 4 and the bottom of the upstream inspection well 1 and the pipe diameter D of the pipeline 3, and comparing the liquid level h at the pipeline inlet 2 1 The difference between z and the pipe diameter D and the liquid level h 2 And the size of the pipe diameter D, the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged to belong to the following working condition types:
when h is generated 1 -z < D, and h 2 When the flow rate is less than D, in the state, the pipeline inlet 2 and the pipeline outlet 4 are not submerged, so that the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged to be a working condition 1 or a working condition 2;
when h is generated 1 When z is larger than or equal to D, in the state, the pipeline inlet 2 is submerged, and therefore the water flow state in the pipeline 3 is judged to be a working condition 3, a working condition 4 or a working condition 5;
based on h 1 -z < D, and h 2 On the premise of being less than D, the specific steps for further judging the working condition type are as follows:
a1, the liquid level h at the outlet (4) of the pipeline 2 Substituting the flow derivation formula into the Manning formula:
wherein n is the roughness coefficient of the pipe (3); s 0 Is the slope of the pipeline (3); d is the pipe diameter of the pipeline (3);
obtaining a flow trial value Qx in the pipeline (3), substituting the Qx and the physical parameters of the pipeline (3) into a program for calculating the critical gradient, and inputting the flow trial value, the roughness coefficient n and the gradient S of the pipeline by the program 0 The radius of the pipeline and the critical water depth hc of the pipeline are obtained by Newton method, and the corresponding wet circumference χ when the water depth in the pipeline is the critical water depth is further calculated c Coefficient of thank-sence C c Water surface width B of water passing section c Finally passing through a calculation formula of the critical bottom slope
The critical gradient S of the pipeline (3) at the time is obtained c And comparing the critical gradient S c And the pipe gradient S 0 The size of (d);
a2, when S 0 ＞S c When the water flow state in the pipeline (3) is judged to be a working condition 1, the slope bottom type of the pipeline (3) is indicated to be a steep slope;
a3, when S 0 ＜S c When the water flow state in the pipeline (3) is judged to be the working condition 2, the slope bottom type of the pipeline (3) is indicated to be a gentle slope;
based on h 1 On the premise that z is larger than or equal to D, the specific steps for further judging the working condition type are as follows:
b1, when h 2 <D, in the state, the outlet 4 of the pipeline is not submerged, so that the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged to be a working condition 3;
b2, when h 2 D, in this state, the water depth of the pipeline outlet 4 is equal to the pipe diameter of the pipeline 3, so that the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 is determined as a working condition 4;
b3, when h 2 >D, in the state, the outlet 4 of the pipeline is submerged, and therefore the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged to be a working condition 5;
when the water flow state in the pipeline 3 is judged to be the working condition 1, the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline is detected 1 Substituting into the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 1 to obtain the flow value in the pipeline 3, wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 1 is as follows:
Q 1 ＝0.432g 0.5 (h 1 -z) 1.9 D 0.6 ；
wherein g is the acceleration of gravity; d is the pipe diameter of the pipeline 3;
after two groups of liquid level sensors are arranged on the outer side of a pipeline inlet 2 and the inner side of a pipeline outlet 4 of a drainage system, when water flows through a pipeline 3, the liquid level sensors at the pipeline inlet 2 and the pipeline outlet 4 respectively measure corresponding liquid level data and feed back the corresponding liquid level data to a data processing end, and the data processing end judges the corresponding working condition of the water flow in the pipeline 3 by utilizing the relative relation between the liquid level data of the pipeline inlet 2 and the pipeline outlet 4 and basic physical parameters of the pipeline 3 and combining the working condition judging conditions;
meanwhile, according to the corresponding flow determined by the flow calculation method based on the working conditions of the determined water flow, the flow monitoring function is exerted; under the combined action of the two liquid level sensors, compared with the scheme of using the flowmeter 13 to monitor the flow in the traditional mode as shown in figure 2, the cost is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the water flow monitoring working condition that only a single liquid level sensor is used and has limitation is met.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 11, based on the differentiation of the five operating condition types in embodiment 1, the water flow value corresponding to each operating condition type is analyzed and calculated as follows:
when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged to be the working condition 2, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
a1, adjusting the pipe diameter D and the gradient S of the pipeline 3 0 Inputting the physical parameters of the roughness coefficient n and the pipe length L into a program for correspondingly drawing a hydraulic performance graph, calculating the water surface lines of water flows in the pipeline 3 corresponding to different outlet water depths of the pipeline 3 with known parameters under a given flow value by the program through a Newton method, further obtaining the water depth of the pipeline inlet 2, and connecting points corresponding to the combination of the water depths of the pipeline inlet 2 and the pipeline outlet 4 to obtain a hydraulic performance curve corresponding to the given flow value; in the same way, different flow fixed values are given to generate hydraulic performance curves which are not crossed with each other, and finally a hydraulic performance diagram is obtained;
a2, finding out the liquid level h at the pipeline inlet 2 in the hydraulic performance diagram 1 The difference between z (i.e. h) 1 Z) and the liquid level h at the pipe outlet 4 2 Corresponding points, and obtaining flow values through the positions of the points;
a3, if the point falls on a curve of the hydraulic performance diagram, taking the point as a corresponding flow value;
a4, if the point falls between the two hydraulic performance curves, determining a flow value corresponding to the point by adopting an interpolation method;
when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged to be the working condition 3, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
the flow coefficient C and the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline are compared 1 Substituting into the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 3 to obtain a corresponding flow value, wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 3 is as follows:
wherein A is 0 Is the cross-sectional area of the conduit 3; c is a flow coefficient corresponding to the working condition 3, and can be obtained by inquiring a flow coefficient table; g is gravity acceleration;
when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged to be the working condition 4, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 Substituting the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 4 to obtain a corresponding flow value, wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 4 is as follows:
wherein g is the acceleration of gravity; d is the pipe diameter of the pipeline (3);
when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged to be the working condition 5, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
will the pipelineLiquid level h at the inlet 2 2 And the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Substituting into the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 5 to obtain a corresponding flow value, wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 5 is as follows:
where n is the roughness coefficient of the pipe 3; s 0 Is the slope of the pipeline 3; l is the tube length of the conduit 3; a. The 0 The cross-sectional area of the conduit 3.
Example 3:
working condition 1 water line 8 is as shown in fig. 4, based on embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, this embodiment is applicable to the flow monitoring that the interior rivers flow regime of drainage pipe system is working condition 1, and specific flow monitoring process is:
(1) The water flow flows through the pipeline 3, and the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline is measured by the liquid level sensor 6 1 The liquid level sensor 7 measures the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 And the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline is measured 1 And the liquid level h at the pipe outlet 4 2 Feeding back to the data processing end;
(2) The height difference between the bottom of the inlet and the bottom of the upstream inspection well is equal to z, and when the liquid level at the inlet 2 of the pipeline is h 1 The difference with z is less than the pipe diameter D of the pipeline 3, and the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Less than 3 pipe diameters D (i.e. h) of the pipeline 1 -z＜D，h 2 When the water flow is less than D), the water flow in the pipeline 3 is a working condition 1 or a working condition 2;
(3) The liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Substituting Manning formula flow derivation formula to obtain flow trial value Qx in pipeline 3, substituting Qx and pipeline physical parameters into corresponding critical gradient calculating program to obtain critical gradient S of pipeline 3 at the moment C When S is 0 ＞S C When the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged to be the working condition 1;
(4) The liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 Substituting the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 1 to obtain the flow of the working condition 1 in the pipeline 3;
a physical experimental model of a certain drainage pipeline mainly comprises the following parts: the diameter of the pipeline inlet 2 is 0.30m, the length L of the pipeline 3 is 10.00m, and the pipe diameter D is0.30m, pipe slope S 0 The roughness coefficient n of the pipeline is 0.01, the diameter of the outlet 4 of the pipeline is 0.30m, the height difference z between the bottom of the inlet 2 of the pipeline and the bottom of the upstream inspection well 1 is 0.30m, and water flow enters the pipeline 3 from the upstream inspection well 1 and finally flows out from the downstream inspection well 5;
the water flow flows through the pipeline 3, and the inlet liquid level sensor 6 measures the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 =0.48m, the outlet level sensor 7 measures the level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 =0.13m, and h 1 ＝0.48m、h 2 Feedback of =0.13m to the data processing end; due to h 1 -z＝0.18m＜D，h 2 D, the water flow in the pipeline 3 is the working condition 1 or the working condition 2; the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Substituting the formula of Manning into the flow guidance formula:
wherein
Obtaining a flow rate trial value Qx =0.0253m in the pipe 3 3 S, with Qx =0.0253m 3 the/S and the physical parameters of the pipeline 3 are substituted into a corresponding program for calculating the critical gradient to obtain the critical gradient S of the pipeline 3 at the moment C =0.004, due to S 0 ＞S C Judging the water flow in the pipeline 3 to be a working condition 1;
the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 Substituting into the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 1: q 1 ＝0.432g 0.5 (h 1 -z) 1.9 D 0.6 To obtain the flow Q of the working condition 1 in the pipeline 3 1 ＝0.0261m 3 /s。
Example 4:
working condition 2 water line 9 is as shown in fig. 5, based on embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, this embodiment is applicable to the flow monitoring that the interior rivers flow regime of drainage pipe system is working condition 2, and specific flow monitoring process is:
(1) The water flow flows through the pipeline 3, and the inlet liquid level sensor 6 measures the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 The outlet liquid level sensor 7 measures the liquid level at the outlet 4 of the pipelineh 2 And the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline is measured 1 And the liquid level h at the pipe outlet 4 2 Feeding back to the data processing end;
(2) The height difference between the bottom of the pipeline inlet 2 and the bottom of the upstream inspection well 1 is equal to z, and when the liquid level h at the pipeline inlet 2 is higher than z 1 The difference between the Z and the Z is less than the pipe diameter D of the pipeline 3, and the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Is smaller than the pipe diameter D (i.e. h) of the pipeline 3 1 -z＜D，h 2 When the flow rate is less than D), the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 is a working condition 1 or a working condition 2;
(3) The liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Substituting Manning formula flow derivation formula to obtain flow trial value Qx in pipeline 3, substituting Qx and physical parameters of pipeline 3 into corresponding critical gradient calculating program to obtain critical gradient S of pipeline 3 at the moment C When S is 0 ＜S C When the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged to be the working condition 2;
(4) The pipe diameter D and the gradient S of the pipeline 3 0 Inputting physical parameters such as the roughness coefficient n and the like into a program for correspondingly drawing a hydraulic performance diagram to generate the hydraulic performance diagram shown in the figure 9;
(5) According to the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 Difference (h) from z 1 Z) and the liquid level h at the pipe outlet 4 2 Finding a corresponding point in the hydraulic performance graph, if the point falls on the hydraulic performance curve, determining the flow value corresponding to the hydraulic performance curve, and if the point falls between the two hydraulic performance curves, determining the flow value corresponding to the point by adopting an interpolation method;
a physical experimental model of a certain drainage pipeline mainly comprises the following parts: the diameter of a pipeline inlet 2 is 0.30m, the length L of a pipeline 3 is 100.00m, the pipe diameter D is 0.30m, the gradient of the pipeline is 0.001, the roughness coefficient n of the pipeline 3 is 0.012, the diameter of a pipeline outlet 4 is 0.30m, the height difference z between the bottom of the pipeline inlet 2 and the bottom of an upstream inspection well 1 is 1.00m, and water flow enters the pipeline 3 from the upstream inspection well 1 and finally flows out from a downstream inspection well 5;
the water flow flows through the pipeline 3, and the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline is measured by the liquid level sensor 6 1 =1.18m, the outlet level sensor 7 measures the level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 =0.14m, will h 1 ＝1.18m、h 2 Feedback of =0.14m to the data processing end; due to h 1 -z＝0.18m＜D，h 2 D, the water flow in the pipeline 3 is the working condition 1 or the working condition 2; the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Substituting =0.14m into Manning's equation to obtain the flow calculation value Qx =0.0212m in the pipe 3 3 (s) mixing Qx =0.0212m 3 the/S and the physical parameters of the pipeline are substituted into a corresponding program for calculating the critical gradient to obtain the critical gradient S of the pipeline 3 at the moment C =0.005, due to S 0 ＜S C Judging the water flow in the pipeline 3 to be a working condition 2;
the pipe diameter D and the gradient S of the pipeline 3 0 Inputting physical parameters such as the roughness coefficient n and the like into a program for correspondingly drawing a hydraulic performance diagram to generate the hydraulic performance diagram as shown in FIG. 9; by the depth h of the bottom of the pipeline inlet 2 u ＝h 1 -z is the ordinate, the level h at the outlet 4 of the pipe 2 To the abscissa, the corresponding point is found in the hydraulic performance diagram, which falls at Q =0.020m 3 S and Q =0.025m 3 Obtaining the flow value Q corresponding to the point between the two hydraulic performance curves by adopting an interpolation method 2 ＝0.0228m 3 /s。
Example 5:
working condition 3 water line 10 is as shown in fig. 6, based on embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, this embodiment is applicable to the flow monitoring that the interior rivers flow regime of drainage pipe system is working condition 3, and specific flow monitoring process is:
(1) The water flow flows through the pipeline 3, and the inlet liquid level sensor 6 measures the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 The outlet liquid level sensor 7 measures the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 And the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline is measured 1 And the liquid level h at the pipe outlet 4 2 Feeding back to the data processing end;
(2) When the liquid level h is at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 The difference between the liquid level and the z is more than or equal to the pipe diameter D of the pipeline 3 and the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Less than 3 pipe diameters D (i.e. h) of the pipeline 1 -z≥D，h 2 D), judging the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline 3 as a working condition 3;
(3) The flow coefficient C inquired by the table 1 (the working condition 3 flow coefficient table) and the liquid level h at the pipeline inlet 2 1 Substituting the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 3 to obtain a flow value of the working condition 3 in the pipeline 3;
TABLE 1 working condition 3 flow coefficient table
| h 1 -z/D | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 |
| C | 0.48 | 0.5 | 0.52 | 0.53 | 0.55 | 0.56 | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.61 |
Physical experiment of certain drainage pipelineThe model mainly comprises the following parts: the diameter of the pipe inlet 2 is 0.30m; the length L of the pipe 3 is 10.00m, the pipe diameter D is 0.30m, and the gradient S of the pipe 3 0 0.01, and the roughness coefficient n of the pipeline is 0.01; the diameter of the pipeline outlet 4 is 0.30m, the height difference z between the bottom of the pipeline inlet 2 and the bottom of the upstream inspection well 1 is 0.60m, and water flow enters the pipeline 3 from the upstream inspection well 1 and finally flows out from the downstream inspection well 5;
the water flow flows through the pipeline 3, and the inlet liquid level sensor 6 measures the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 =1.04m, the outlet level sensor 7 measures the level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 =0.13m, and h 1 ＝1.04m、h 2 Feedback of =0.13m to the data processing end; due to h 1 -z＝0.44m＞D，h 2 D is less than 0.13m, so that the water flow in the pipeline 3 is the working condition 3;
the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 Substituting the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 3:
obtaining the flow value Q of the working condition 3 in the pipeline 3 3 ＝0.1014m 3 /s。
Example 6:
working condition 4 water line 11 is as shown in fig. 7, and based on embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, this embodiment is applicable to the flow monitoring that the interior rivers flow regime of drainage pipe system is working condition 4, and specific flow monitoring process is:
(1) The water flow flows through the pipeline 3, and the inlet liquid level sensor 6 measures the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 The outlet liquid level sensor 7 measures the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 And the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline is measured 1 And the liquid level h at the pipe outlet 4 2 Feeding back to the data processing end;
(2) When the liquid level h is at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 The difference with z is more than or equal to the pipe diameter D of the pipeline 3 and the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Equal to the pipe diameter D (i.e. h) of the pipe 3 1 -z≥D，h 2 = D), the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged as a working condition 4;
(3) The liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 Substituting into the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 4:
Example 7:
working condition 5 water line 12 is as shown in fig. 8, based on embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, this embodiment is applicable to the flow monitoring that the rivers flow regime is working condition 5 in the drainage pipe system, and specific flow monitoring process is:
(1) The water flow flows through the pipeline 3, and the inlet liquid level sensor 6 measures the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 The outlet liquid level sensor 7 measures the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 And the liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline is measured 1 And the liquid level h at the pipe outlet 4 2 Feeding back to the data processing end;
(2) When the liquid level h is at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 The difference with z is more than or equal to the pipe diameter D of the pipeline 3 and the liquid level h at the outlet 4 of the pipeline 2 Greater than the pipe diameter D (i.e. h) of the pipe 3 1 -z≥D，h 2 When the pressure is higher than D), the water flow in the pipeline 3 is judged as a working condition 5;
(3) The liquid level h at the inlet 2 of the pipeline 1 And the liquid level h at the pipe outlet 4 2 Substituting the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 5:
and obtaining the flow value of the working condition 5 in the pipeline 3.
In the actual monitoring of dynamic flow, liquid level data of a group of pipeline inlets 2 and pipeline outlets 4 are collected at intervals of a time interval, and corresponding flow values are output in real time according to the corresponding working conditions, so that the dynamic flow monitoring is realized; the liquid level sensors arranged at the outer side of the pipeline inlet and the inner side of the pipeline outlet of the drainage system can obtain flow data in the pipeline more conveniently, but the liquid level sensors mainly monitor the liquid level conditions of the pipeline inlet 2 and the pipeline outlet 4, so that the arrangement positions of other liquid level sensors still belong to the scope of the claims of the invention.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the modified concept of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for monitoring dynamic flow based on drainage pipeline liquid level is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a drainage pipeline model based on a typical drainage pipeline design; the drainage pipeline model comprises an upstream inspection well (1) and a downstream inspection well (5), wherein the upstream inspection well (1) and the downstream inspection well (5) are connected through a pipeline (3); a pipeline inlet (2) and a pipeline outlet (4) are respectively formed at the joint of the pipeline (3) and the upstream inspection well (1) and the downstream inspection well (5);
s2, arranging two liquid level sensors in the drainage pipeline model; the two liquid level sensors are respectively an inlet liquid level sensor (6) and an outlet liquid level sensor (7), the inlet liquid level sensor (6) is arranged at the outer side of the pipeline inlet (2), and the outlet liquid level sensor (7) is arranged at the inner side of the pipeline outlet (4);
s3, when water flows through the drainage pipeline model in the S1, the water enters the pipeline (3) from the upstream inspection well (1) and then flows out from the downstream inspection well (5) through the pipeline (3), and the liquid level h at the pipeline inlet (2) is measured by the inlet liquid level sensor (6) and the outlet liquid level sensor (7) in the S2 respectively 1 And the liquid level h at the outlet (4) of the pipeline 2 ；
S4, according to the data obtained by the data processing end in the S3 and by combining the relative relation between the basic physical parameters of the pipeline (3), judging the working condition type of the flow state of the water flowing through the pipeline (3);
based on the liquid level data h obtained in S3 1 And h 2 And measuring the height difference z between the pipeline inlet (2) and the bottom of the upstream inspection well (1) and the pipe diameter D of the pipeline (3), and comparing the liquid level h at the pipeline inlet (2) 1 Difference from z, size of pipe diameter D and liquid level h 2 And the size of the pipe diameter D, and determining the flow state of water flow in the pipeline (3)The method belongs to the following working condition types:
when h is generated 1 -z < D, and h 2 When the flow rate is less than D, in the state, the pipeline inlet (2) and the pipeline outlet (4) are not submerged, and therefore the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline (3) is judged to be a working condition 1 or a working condition 2;
based on h 1 -z < D, and h 2 On the premise of being less than D, the specific steps for further judging the working condition type are as follows:
a1, leading the liquid level h at the outlet (4) of the pipeline 2 Substituting the formula of Manning into the flow guidance formula:
wherein n is the roughness coefficient of the pipe (3); s. the 0 Is the slope of the pipeline (3); d is the pipe diameter of the pipeline (3);
obtaining a flow trial value Qx in the pipeline (3), substituting the Qx and the physical parameters of the pipeline (3) into a program for calculating the critical gradient, and inputting the flow trial value, the roughness coefficient n and the gradient S of the pipeline by the program 0 The radius of the pipeline and the critical water depth hc of the pipeline are obtained by Newton method, and the corresponding wet circumference χ when the water depth in the pipeline is the critical water depth is further calculated c Coefficient of thank-sence C c Water surface width B of water passing section c Finally passing through a calculation formula of the critical bottom slope
The critical gradient S of the pipeline (3) at the time is obtained c And comparing the critical gradient S c And pipe slope S 0 The size of (d);
a2, when S 0 ＞S c When the water flow state in the pipeline (3) is judged to be the working condition 1, the slope bottom type of the pipeline (3) is shown to be a steep slope;
a3, when S 0 ＜S c When the water flow state in the pipeline (3) is judged to be the working condition 2, the slope bottom type of the pipeline (3) is indicated to be a gentle slope;
when h is 1 When z is larger than or equal to D, in the state, the pipeline inlet (2) is submerged, and therefore the water flow state in the pipeline (3) is judged to be a working condition 3, a working condition 4 or a working condition 5;
and S5, based on the working condition type of the water flow state judged in the S4, and combining the liquid level data to finish the analysis and calculation of the water flow value under the corresponding working condition type.
2. The method for monitoring the dynamic flow based on the drainage pipeline liquid level as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
based on h 1 On the premise that z is larger than or equal to D, the specific steps for further judging the working condition type are as follows:
b1, when h 2 <D, in the state, the outlet (4) of the pipeline is not submerged, so that the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline (3) is judged to be the working condition 3;
b2, when h 2 D, in the state, the water depth of the pipeline outlet (4) is equal to the pipe diameter of the pipeline (3), and therefore the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline (3) is judged to be a working condition 4;
b3, when h 2 >D, in the state, the pipeline outlet (4) is submerged, and therefore the water flow state in the pipeline (3) is judged to be the working condition 5.
3. The method for monitoring the dynamic flow based on the liquid level of the drainage pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
when the flow state of water flow in the pipeline (3) is judged to be working condition 1, the liquid level h at the pipeline inlet (2) is adjusted 1 Substituting the flow value into a flow equation corresponding to the working condition 1 to obtain the flow value in the pipeline (3), wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 1 is as follows:
Q 1 ＝0.432g 0.5 (h 1 -z) 1.9 D 0.6 ；
wherein g is the acceleration of gravity; d is the pipe diameter of the pipeline (3).
4. The method for monitoring the dynamic flow based on the drainage pipeline liquid level as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline (3) is judged to be the working condition 2, the concrete steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
a1, the pipe diameter D and the gradient S of the pipeline (3) 0 Inputting the physical parameters of the roughness coefficient n and the pipe length L into a corresponding program for drawing a hydraulic performance diagram to obtain the hydraulic performance diagram;
a2, finding out the liquid level h at the inlet (2) of the pipeline in the hydraulic performance diagram 1 The difference between z and the liquid level h at the outlet (4) of the pipeline 2 Corresponding points, and obtaining flow values through the positions of the points;
a3, if the point falls on the curve of the hydraulic performance graph, taking the point as a corresponding flow value;
and a4, if the point falls between the two hydraulic performance curves, determining the flow value corresponding to the point by adopting an interpolation method.
5. The method for monitoring the dynamic flow based on the drainage pipeline liquid level as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline (3) is judged to be the working condition 3, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
the flow coefficient C and the liquid level h at the inlet (2) of the pipeline are compared 1 Substituting into the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 3 to obtain a corresponding flow value, wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 3 is as follows:
wherein A is 0 Is the cross-sectional area of the pipeline (3); c is a flow coefficient corresponding to the working condition 3, and can be obtained by inquiring a flow coefficient table; g is the acceleration of gravity.
6. The method for monitoring the dynamic flow based on the drainage pipeline liquid level as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline (3) is judged to be the working condition 4, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
the liquid level h at the inlet (2) of the pipeline 1 Substituting the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 4 to obtain a corresponding flow value, wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 4 is as follows:
wherein g is the acceleration of gravity; d is the pipe diameter of the pipeline (3);
7. the method for monitoring the dynamic flow based on the liquid level of the drainage pipeline according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
when the flow state of the water flow in the pipeline (3) is judged to be the working condition 5, the specific steps of calculating the corresponding flow value are as follows:
the liquid level h at the inlet (2) of the pipeline 2 And the liquid level h at the pipe outlet 4 2 Substituting into the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 5 to obtain a corresponding flow value, wherein the flow equation corresponding to the working condition 5 is as follows:
wherein n is the roughness coefficient of the pipe (3); s. the 0 Is the slope of the pipeline (3); l is the length of the pipeline (3); a. The 0 Is the cross-sectional area of the conduit (3).
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