WO2022257481A1 - 空调系统 - Google Patents

空调系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022257481A1
WO2022257481A1 PCT/CN2022/074344 CN2022074344W WO2022257481A1 WO 2022257481 A1 WO2022257481 A1 WO 2022257481A1 CN 2022074344 W CN2022074344 W CN 2022074344W WO 2022257481 A1 WO2022257481 A1 WO 2022257481A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
accumulator
valve
refrigerant
conditioning system
heat exchange
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/074344
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马振豪
孙冬松
袁珊珊
万青松
Original Assignee
青岛海尔空调器有限总公司
青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
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Application filed by 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司, 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司, 海尔智家股份有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司
Publication of WO2022257481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022257481A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F25B41/42—Arrangements for diverging or converging flows, e.g. branch lines or junctions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/24—Storage receiver heat

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioning, and in particular relates to an air conditioning system.
  • Air conditioning system refers to a system that uses manual means to adjust and control the temperature, humidity, flow rate and other parameters of the ambient air in a building or structure.
  • the refrigeration function of the air conditioning system is usually realized by vaporizing the refrigerant absorbing the heat in the air in the building or structure.
  • the compressor of the air conditioning system compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state, and sends it to the condenser for cooling.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled and reduced by the throttling device to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture absorbs heat in the air through the evaporator and vaporizes into a gaseous state, thereby achieving the cooling effect.
  • the present invention provides an air-conditioning system, which includes: a compressor, a main working channel, a reserve pathway, accumulator and control unit; the main working pathway and reserve pathway are respectively connected to the outlet of the compressor; the reserve pathway includes: at least one accumulator, and the accumulator is used to connect the reserve pathway and When the outlet of the compressor is turned on, the refrigerant is stored and cooled; the control unit is used to trigger the accumulator to store refrigerant when the mains power supply is in a non-peak period; When the user is powered off, the indoor fan of the air-conditioning system is powered, so that the refrigerant provided by the reserve passage to the indoor heat exchange branch can perform cooling.
  • the air conditioning system further includes: a manual cut-off valve, which is used to connect the accumulator of the reserve passage with the indoor heat exchange branch under the action of an external force, so as to The refrigerant stored in the accumulator enters the indoor heat exchange branch through the manual shut-off valve for refrigeration.
  • a manual cut-off valve which is used to connect the accumulator of the reserve passage with the indoor heat exchange branch under the action of an external force, so as to The refrigerant stored in the accumulator enters the indoor heat exchange branch through the manual shut-off valve for refrigeration.
  • the air conditioning system further includes: a first electric cut-off valve, the first electric cut-off valve is connected between the accumulator and the indoor heat exchange branch of the reserve passage, for Conducting or disconnecting the accumulator and the indoor heat exchange branch of the reserve passage; the air conditioning system also includes: a second electric cut-off valve, the second electric cut-off valve is connected to the second regulating valve and the Between the accumulators, it is used to connect or disconnect the outlet of the compressor with the accumulators.
  • the storage battery is also used to supply power to the control unit, so that the control unit can trigger the first electric cut-off valve to connect the accumulator to the reserve passage when the user is powered off.
  • the indoor heat exchange branch circuit is turned on, and the refrigerant stored in the accumulator enters the indoor heat exchange branch circuit through the first electric shut-off valve for refrigeration.
  • the air conditioning system further includes: a first regulating valve and a second regulating valve; the first regulating valve is connected between the outlet of the compressor and the main working passage; The second regulating valve is connected between the outlet of the compressor and the reserve passage; the control unit is electrically connected with the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve; the control unit is used to And when the main working channel is cooling, the compressor is controlled to run at the first load, and the opening of the second regulating valve is controlled according to the opening of the first regulating valve, so that the compressor Part of the refrigerant that flows out can enter the accumulator through the second regulating valve for storage; the control unit is also used to trigger the accumulator to the storage passage according to the cooling command during the peak period of electricity consumption.
  • the indoor heat exchange branch circuit provides refrigerant for cooling.
  • the sum of the refrigerant flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the first regulating valve and the refrigerant flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the second regulating valve is equal to the refrigerant flow rate at the outlet of the compressor.
  • the operation of the compressor at the first load includes: the operation of the compressor at full load.
  • the air conditioning system further includes: a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is arranged on the accumulator, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control unit; the pressure sensor is used to detect The actual pressure value in the accumulator, the control unit is also used to trigger the second motor when the actual pressure value of each accumulator reaches the corresponding pressure upper limit according to the detection result of the pressure sensor.
  • the stop valve is closed, and the control unit is triggered to determine that the compressor operates at a second load according to the main working path, and the second load is less than or equal to the first load; the control unit is also used to According to the detection result of the pressure sensor, when it is determined that the actual pressure value of each accumulator drops to the corresponding pressure lower limit value, the first electric cut-off valve is triggered to disconnect the accumulator from the indoor heat exchange branch of the reserve passage. .
  • the air conditioning system further includes: a first pressure relay, the first pressure relay is connected to an accumulator among the plurality of accumulators that is farther away from the outlet of the second regulating valve, and the The first pressure relay is used to trigger the closing of the second electric cut-off valve when the actual pressure value of the accumulator connected to it reaches the corresponding pressure upper limit value, and trigger the control unit to determine the The compressor operates at a second load, and the second load is less than or equal to the first load; the air conditioning system further includes: a second pressure relay and a first check valve, and the second pressure relay is connected to a plurality of The accumulator in the accumulator is closer to the outlet of the second regulating valve, and the other accumulators in the plurality of accumulators are connected to the indoor heat exchange branch of the reserve passage through the first one-way valve; the second The second pressure switch is used to trigger the first electric cut-off valve to disconnect the accumulator from the indoor heat exchange branch of the reserve passage when the actual pressure value of the
  • the indoor heat exchange branch of the reserve passage is set independently from the indoor heat exchange branch of the main working passage.
  • the indoor heat exchange branch of the main working passage and the indoor heat exchange branch of the storage passage are arranged in parallel in the heat exchange fins.
  • the indoor heat exchange branch of the main working passage and the indoor heat exchange branch of the storage passage are respectively arranged in corresponding heat exchange fins.
  • the accumulator includes multiple accumulators, and the pressure upper limit values of the multiple accumulators increase sequentially along the direction away from the outlet of the second regulating valve; the adjacent accumulators A sequence valve is connected between the valves, and the opening pressure of the sequence valve is equal to the pressure upper limit value adjacent to it and closer to the outlet of the second regulating valve.
  • the air conditioning system further includes: an air storage container and a second one-way valve, the inlet of the air storage container is connected to the indoor heat exchange branch of the reserve passage, and the air storage container The outlet of the container is connected with the compressor through the second one-way valve.
  • At least a part of the outer surface of the accumulator has cooling fins.
  • the accumulator of the storage channel can store and cool the refrigerant when the mains power supply is in the off-peak period, so that when the user is cut off , the storage battery can supply power to the indoor fan, so that the refrigerant provided by the reserve channel to the indoor heat exchange branch can be cooled by the indoor fan, so that the cooling demand of the user can still be met when the user is cut off.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an air conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the air conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the refrigerant when the air-conditioning system uses the accumulator to store the refrigerant for cooling in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an air conditioning system provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the refrigerant when the air-conditioning system stores the refrigerant through the accumulator for cooling in another embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an air conditioning system provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the flow of refrigerant when the air conditioning system stores the refrigerant through the accumulator for cooling in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection and “connected” should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a flexible connection. Disassembled connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to specific situations.
  • the air conditioning system usually includes a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger (or called a condenser), an indoor heat exchanger (or called an evaporator) and a throttling device; the compressor compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state, and Send it to the outdoor heat exchanger for cooling.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant after being cooled, and the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by a throttling device to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture absorbs the heat in the air through the indoor heat exchanger and vaporizes into a gaseous state, thereby achieving the effect of refrigeration; the gaseous refrigerant returns to the compressor to continue compression, and continues to cycle for refrigeration.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is a further improvement on the air conditioning system described above to overcome the above problems.
  • the preferred technical solutions of the air-conditioning system of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the above.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air-conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections of the air-conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air conditioning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a compressor 10 , a battery 11 , an indoor fan 12 , a main working channel 50 , a reserve channel 70 and a control unit 90 .
  • the compressor 10 is used to provide compressed refrigerant.
  • the outlet of the compressor 10 is respectively connected to the main working passage 50 and the reserve passage 70 .
  • the main working passage 50 realizes the refrigeration function through the indoor heat exchange branch 53 , the outdoor heat exchanger 51 and other components in the passage.
  • the reserve passage 70 is used to store refrigerant for cooling and can perform refrigeration through the stored refrigerant.
  • the control unit 90 is used to control the conduction between the reserve passage 70 and the outlet of the compressor 10 when the mains power supply is in non-peak period, so that the reserve passage 70 can store refrigerant.
  • the battery 11 is used to supply power to the indoor fan 12 of the air-conditioning system when the user is powered off; wherein, the indoor fan 12 is set correspondingly to the indoor heat exchange branch of the reserve passage 70. Hot legs can be set independently or integrated.
  • the indoor fan 12 can operate to speed up the air flow near the indoor heat exchange branch when the reserve passage 70 is connected to the indoor heat exchange branch, so that the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchange branch can Quickly absorb the heat in the air to achieve the purpose of cooling.
  • the air conditioning system further includes: a manual cut-off valve 83, which is used to connect or disconnect the accumulator 72 of the reserve passage 70 with the indoor heat exchange branch 79 under the action of external force.
  • a manual cut-off valve 83 which is used to connect or disconnect the accumulator 72 of the reserve passage 70 with the indoor heat exchange branch 79 under the action of external force.
  • the air-conditioning system is powered off, start the storage battery, and manually operate the manual shut-off valve 83 to connect the energy accumulator 72 of the reserve passage 70 with the indoor heat exchange branch 79, and the energy accumulator will be able to transfer to the indoor heat exchange branch 79.
  • Refrigerant is provided, and under the action of the indoor fan, the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchange branch 79 will absorb the heat in the indoor air and vaporize into a gaseous state to achieve the cooling effect.
  • the manual cut-off valve 83 When the working state ends, the manual cut-off valve 83 needs to be manually operated to disconnect the accumulator 72 of the reserve passage 70 from the indoor heat exchange branch 79 .
  • the manual cut-off valve 83 and the storage battery capable of supplying power to the indoor fan when the air-conditioning system is powered off, the refrigeration can still continue.
  • a first electric cut-off valve 77 is connected between the accumulator 72 and the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the storage passage 70, and the first electric cut-off valve 77 is used to control the connection between the accumulator 72 and the storage passage 70.
  • the first electric cut-off valve 77 is used to connect the accumulator 72 with the indoor heat exchange branch 79 under the control of the control unit 90 so that the accumulator 72 can Provide refrigerant to the indoor heat exchange branch 79 to realize cooling, and the first electric cut-off valve 77 is also used to disconnect the accumulator 72 from the indoor heat exchange branch 79 under the control of the control unit 90 so that the accumulator 72 stops Refrigerant is supplied to the indoor heat exchange branch 79, and the indoor heat exchange branch 79 stops cooling the room.
  • the first electric shut-off valve 77 is opened by electricity.
  • the storage battery 11 can also supply power to the control unit 90, so that the control unit 90 can also trigger the first electric shut-off valve 77 to conduct the accumulator 72 with the indoor heat exchange branch 79 when the user is powered off, so that the air-conditioning system can operate in the indoor fan. Under the action of 12, the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 72 is used to realize refrigeration. In this example, by setting a storage battery capable of supplying power to the indoor fan 12 and the control unit 90, the cooling can still continue when the air conditioning system is powered off.
  • the accumulator 72 of the storage channel 70 can store and cool the refrigerant when the mains power supply is in the non-peak period of power consumption.
  • the battery 11 can be used as an indoor fan. 12, so that the refrigerant provided by the storage channel 70 to the indoor heat exchange branch can be cooled by the indoor fan 12, so that the cooling demand of the user can still be met when the user is cut off.
  • the air conditioning system further includes: a first regulating valve 31 and a second regulating valve 32 .
  • the outlet of the compressor 10 is respectively connected to the inlet of the first regulating valve 31 and the inlet of the second regulating valve 32 .
  • the outlet of the first regulating valve 31 is connected to the main working passage 50 , and the first regulating valve 31 is used to adjust the refrigerant flow rate of the main working passage 50 under the control of the control unit 90 .
  • An outlet of the second regulating valve 32 is connected to the reserve passage 70 , and the second regulating valve 32 is used to adjust the refrigerant flow rate of the reserve passage 70 under the control of the control unit 90 .
  • the control unit 90 is used to control the opening degree of the first regulating valve 31 to control the refrigerant flow rate of the main working passage 50 .
  • the control unit 90 is also used to control the opening of the second regulating valve 32 to control the flow of refrigerant in the reserve passage 70 .
  • the control unit 90 takes the opening of the first regulating valve 31 as input information; that is, when controlling the opening of the second regulating valve 32, the control unit 90 uses the first
  • the opening degree of the second regulating valve 32 is determined by regulating the opening degree of the valve 31 .
  • the main working passage 50 can adopt the refrigeration passage structure of the existing air conditioner.
  • the main working passage 50 includes: an outdoor heat exchanger 51 , a first throttling device 52 , and an indoor heat exchange branch 53 .
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 51 can be connected with the outlet of the first regulating valve 31; optionally, a third electric shut-off valve can also be connected between the outdoor heat exchanger 51 and the first regulating valve 31, and the third electric shut-off valve can be connected with the outlet of the first regulating valve 31.
  • the control unit 90 is electrically connected, and the control unit 90 is used to control the third electric cut-off valve to connect or disconnect the outdoor heat exchanger 51 from the first regulating valve 31, so that the first regulating valve 31 is opened and the third electric cut-off valve connects the outdoor
  • the main working passage 50 can perform cooling, which is beneficial to ensure that the main working passage 50 and the reserve passage 70 are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other, which is conducive to ensuring their respective working reliability.
  • the third electric cut-off valve is normally open when power is off.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 51 is connected with the indoor heat exchange branch 53 through the first throttling device 52 .
  • the indoor heat exchange branch 53 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 10 through a third one-way valve 54 .
  • the compressor 10 When the main working channel 50 is cooling according to the instruction of the control unit 90, the compressor 10 starts, and the compressor 10 compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state, and sends it to the outdoor heat exchanger 51 for cooling.
  • the gaseous refrigerant becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant
  • the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling device 52 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture passes through indoor heat exchange
  • the branch 53 absorbs the heat in the air and turns into a gaseous state by vaporization. Since the indoor heat exchange branch 53 absorbs the heat in the indoor air, the indoor temperature will drop, thereby achieving the cooling effect.
  • the gaseous refrigerant will enter the compressor 10 to continue compression, and continue to circulate for refrigeration.
  • the main working passage 50 is arranged in parallel with the reserve passage 70 .
  • the main working passage 50 is connected in series with the first regulating valve 31
  • the reserve passage 70 is connected in series with the second regulating valve 32
  • the main working passage 50 and the first regulating valve 31 are connected in parallel to the reserve passage 70 and the second regulating valve 32 .
  • the main working path 50 and the reserve path 70 can work independently, which is beneficial to ensure their respective working reliability.
  • the reserve passage 70 includes at least one accumulator 72 .
  • the accumulator 72 is used to reserve and cool the refrigerant when the reserve passage 70 is connected to the outlet of the compressor 10, so that the air conditioning system can pre-reserve the cooled refrigerant through the accumulator 72, and then use the stored refrigerant to realize cooling. Cooling function. When the cooling function is realized by the stored refrigerant, the main working channel 50 does not need to work, and components with high power consumption such as the compressor 10 do not need to work, which is beneficial to reduce power consumption.
  • the accumulator 72 can cool the refrigerant entering it through common heat dissipation methods such as conduction heat dissipation, radiation heat dissipation, and convection heat dissipation.
  • the outer surface of the accumulator 72 has cooling fins 82 to increase the heat dissipation area of the accumulator 72 to ensure the cooling effect of the refrigerant in the accumulator 72, thereby helping to ensure the cooling effect of the air conditioning system;
  • the present embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the heat sink 82, and it can only realize its heat dissipation function.
  • the heat sink 82 may include a substrate connected to the accumulator 72, and a plurality of spaced apart fins are arranged on the substrate.
  • the fins extend in a direction away from the accumulator 72 . It can be understood that: in the case of not interfering with the installation of the accumulator 72 and the pipelines connected with other components, the more areas where the cooling fins 82 are arranged on the outer surface of the accumulator 72, the greater the impact on the energy accumulator 72. The cooling speed and cooling effect of the refrigerant are better.
  • the installation area of the heat sink 82 can be selected according to actual needs, so as to be able to take into account both the cooling speed and the cost of the system.
  • the accumulator 72 may have a medium with a lower temperature capable of cooling the refrigerant entering the accumulator 72, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling the refrigerant; or, the accumulator 72 is provided with a fan, through The fan accelerates the flow of air around the accumulator 72, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the refrigerant.
  • the implementation manner of cooling the refrigerant by the accumulator is not limited thereto, and this embodiment is only an example for illustration.
  • the accumulator 72 may be connected to the outlet of the second regulating valve 32 through the second electric cut-off valve 71 .
  • the second electric shut-off valve 71 can be electrically connected with the control unit 90 , and the second electric shut-off valve 71 is used for conducting or disconnecting the second regulating valve 32 and the accumulator 72 under the control of the control unit 90 .
  • the reserve passage 70 can be reserved, which is beneficial to ensure that the main working passage 50 and the reserve passage 70 are mutually Independent and non-interfering with each other, it is beneficial to ensure the reliability of their work.
  • the second electric cut-off valve 71 is normally closed when de-energized.
  • the outlet of the accumulator 72 is connected to the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 .
  • the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 is set independently from the indoor heat exchange branch 53 of the main working passage 50, so that it can ensure that the reserve passage 70 and the main working passage 50 are independent of each other, avoiding mutual interference between the two, and effectively ensuring The refrigeration performance of the main working passage 50 is improved. In this way, by completely independent of the pipelines in the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 and the indoor heat exchange branch 53 of the main working passage 50, when a component in one of the passages fails, the other passage still remains It can work normally, and the air conditioning system can still cool down.
  • the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 and the indoor heat exchange branch 53 of the main working passage 50 are arranged in heat exchange fins in parallel.
  • the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the main working passage 50 may include the first throttling device 52 connected in sequence, a pipeline located at the heat exchange fin, the third check valve 54, and the third check valve 54
  • the outlet is connected to the compressor 10 inlet.
  • the third one-way valve 54 allows the refrigerant to only flow from the indoor heat exchange branch 53 of the main working passage 50 to the compressor 10 , which can effectively prevent backflow of the refrigerant and ensure the reliability of the reserve passage 70 .
  • the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 may include a second throttling device 78 connected in sequence, another pipeline located at the heat exchange fin, an air storage container 80, a second one-way valve 81, and the second one-way valve
  • the outlet of 81 is connected to the compressor 10 inlet.
  • the second one-way valve 81 makes the refrigerant can only enter the compressor 10 from the gas storage container 80, which can effectively prevent the refrigerant from flowing backwards, prevent the refrigerant in the main working passage 50 from entering the gas storage container 80, and help ensure the work of the main working passage 50 reliability.
  • the cost of the air conditioning system is reduced by setting two independent sets of pipelines in a group of indoor heat exchangers.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an air-conditioning system provided by another embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the flow of refrigerant when the air-conditioning system stores refrigerant through an accumulator for cooling in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 51 of the main working passage 50 passes through the fourth one-way valve 92 and then enters the shared first throttling device 52, the shared indoor heat exchanger 91, and the shared first throttling device 52 in sequence.
  • the six one-way valves 94, the gas storage container 80, and the second one-way valve 81 enter the compressor; during the non-peak period of electricity consumption, the direction of the refrigerant when the main working channel 50 is working is shown by the straight arrow in FIG. 6 .
  • the reserve passage 70 releases the refrigerant
  • the refrigerant flows out through the first electric cut-off valve 77, passes through the fifth check valve 93, and then enters the common first throttling device 52, the common indoor heat exchanger 91, and the sixth check valve in sequence. 94.
  • the gas storage container 80 after the compressor 10 works, the refrigerant in the gas storage container 80 enters the compressor through the second one-way valve 81; during the peak period of electricity consumption, when the accumulator 72 provides the refrigerant, the direction of the refrigerant is as follows Shown by the dotted arrow in Figure 7.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an air conditioning system provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the indoor heat exchange branch 53 of the main working passage 50 and the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 are respectively arranged in corresponding heat exchange fins.
  • the air conditioning system is provided with two sets of independent indoor heat exchangers, one set of indoor heat exchangers forms the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 , and the other set of indoor heat exchangers forms the branch of the main working passage 50 .
  • Indoor heat exchange branch 53 is provided with two sets of independent indoor heat exchangers, one set of indoor heat exchangers forms the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 , and the other set of indoor heat exchangers forms the branch of the main working passage 50 .
  • the indoor heat exchange branch 53 of the main working passage 50 may include a first throttling device 52, a group of indoor heat exchangers, and a third check valve 54 connected in sequence, and the outlet of the third check valve 54 is connected to Compressor 10 inlet.
  • the third one-way valve 54 allows the refrigerant to only flow from the indoor heat exchange branch 53 of the main working passage 50 to the compressor 10 , which can effectively prevent backflow of the refrigerant and ensure the reliability of the reserve passage 70 .
  • the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 may include a second throttling device 78, another group of indoor heat exchangers, a gas storage container 80, a second one-way valve 81, and the outlet of the second one-way valve 81 connected in sequence. Connect to compressor 10 inlet. Wherein, when the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 72 is used for cooling, the compressor 10 does not work. At this time, the gas storage container 80 is used to accommodate the flow out of the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 when the accumulator 72 supplies the refrigerant.
  • the second check valve 81 allows the refrigerant to only enter the compressor 10 from the gas storage container 80, preventing the refrigerant in the main working passage 50 from entering the storage
  • the gas container 80 is beneficial to ensure the working reliability of the main working channel 50 .
  • two sets of indoor heat exchangers are used to form the indoor heat exchange branch 53 of the main working passage 50 and the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70, which is beneficial to further ensure the independence of the two passages, and the two The setting position of the corresponding pipeline in the passage is more flexible, which is beneficial to improving the flexibility of installation.
  • the control unit 90 is used to control the working state of the air conditioning system by controlling the actions of electric devices such as the first regulating valve 31 , the second regulating valve 32 , the first electric shut-off valve 77 , and the second electric shut-off valve 71 .
  • the control unit 90 may include a controller or a circuit capable of realizing its corresponding functions.
  • the control unit 90 can specifically control the air conditioning system to be in the state of cooling through the main working passage 50 and the accumulator 72 stores the refrigerant, or control the air conditioning system to be in the state of cooling with the stored refrigerant, or control the air conditioning system to be in the state of cooling through the main working passage 50 state of refrigeration.
  • the control unit 90 can control the air conditioning system to be in the state of cooling through the main working passage 50 and storing the refrigerant by the accumulator 72 , the state of cooling with the stored refrigerant, or the state of cooling through the main working passage 50 .
  • the control unit 90 can control the air conditioning system to be in one of the state of cooling through the main working passage 50 and storing the refrigerant by the accumulator 72 , the state of cooling with the stored refrigerant, and the state of cooling through the main working passage 50 .
  • the first electric shut-off valve 77 , the second electric shut-off valve 71 and the third electric shut-off valve in this example may also be replaced by other valves with on-off functions such as reversing valves.
  • the control unit 90 can first obtain the current time, and when the control unit 90 determines that it is in a non-peak period of power consumption according to the obtained current time, control the compressor 10 to work at the first load Control the opening of the first regulating valve 31 according to the cooling demand of the user, such as the cooling temperature, so that the main working passage 50 can meet the cooling demand of the user, and control the opening of the second regulating valve 32 according to the opening of the first regulating valve 31 So that the accumulator 72 of the storage passage 70 can store refrigerant.
  • the first load may be specifically set by the user according to actual needs.
  • the first load is full load.
  • the first regulating valve 31 and the second regulating valve 32 can adjust the sizes of their respective valve openings in a complementary logical relationship, thereby regulating the flow rate of refrigerant in their respective passages.
  • the opening degree of the first regulating valve 31 increases, the opening degree of the second regulating valve 32 decreases.
  • the opening degree of the second regulating valve 32 increases.
  • the control unit 90 receives the cooling instruction during the non-peak period of electricity consumption, it can determine the refrigerant flow rate of the main working passage 50 according to the target temperature in the cooling instruction, and then determine the opening degree of the first regulating valve 31.
  • the control unit 90 also determines the opening degree of the first regulating valve 31 according to the 10
  • the outflow refrigerant flow rate at full load and the refrigerant flow rate of the main working passage 50 determine the refrigerant flow rate of the reserve passage 70 and further determine the opening degree of the second regulating valve 32 .
  • the first regulating valve 31 and the second regulating valve 32 can adopt the same kind of regulating valves, and when the opening degrees of the first regulating valve 31 and the second regulating valve 32 are equal, the corresponding refrigerant flow rates of the two can be equal, thus, When the compressor 10 is fully loaded, the refrigerant flow rate corresponds to the total opening.
  • the difference between the total opening and the opening of the first regulating valve 31 can be used as the second adjustment.
  • the opening of valve 32 the product of the refrigerant flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the first regulating valve 31 and the refrigerant flow rate corresponding to the opening degree of the second regulating valve 32 is a constant value. The details can be determined according to the actual situation.
  • the user can also select the mode of cooling the main working channel 50 and not storing refrigerant through the smart terminal.
  • the control unit 90 may control the second regulator valve 32 and/or the second electric cut-off valve 71 to close, so as to connect the accumulator 72 and the compressor 10 Exit disconnected.
  • the control unit 90 can first acquire the current time, and when the control unit 90 determines that it is in the peak period of electricity consumption according to the acquired current time, the control unit 90 The period cooling priority triggers the accumulator 72 to supply refrigerant to the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 for cooling, and triggers the main working passage 50 to perform cooling after it is determined that the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 72 is released.
  • the cooling priority during the peak period of electricity consumption can be set by the user according to his own situation.
  • the second regulating valve 32 and/or the second electric shut-off valve 71 can be controlled to close to disconnect the accumulator 72 from the outlet of the compressor 10, which is beneficial to ensure that the main The working reliability of the working channel 50.
  • control unit 90 determines that it is in the peak period of power consumption according to the obtained current time, the control unit 90 can first obtain the user's power consumption situation, and determine the trigger storage time according to the difference between the user's current power consumption and the limited power consumption.
  • the energy device 72 provides refrigerant to the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 for cooling or triggers the main working passage 50 for cooling; specifically, the difference between the user's current power consumption and the limited power consumption is greater than the preset difference , the control unit 90 can trigger the main working channel 50 to perform cooling, and when the control unit 90 determines that the difference between the user's current power consumption and the limited power consumption is reduced to a preset difference, it triggers the accumulator 72 to transfer to the reserve channel.
  • the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of 70 provides refrigerant for cooling.
  • control unit 90 may determine to trigger the accumulator 72 to supply the refrigerant to the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 for cooling or trigger the main working passage 50 to perform cooling according to the conditions of the electrical equipment activated by the user; specifically , when the overall power consumption of the electric equipment activated by the user reaches the preset power consumption, the control unit 90 can trigger the accumulator 72 to supply the refrigerant to the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the storage channel 70 for cooling, and when the user starts When the overall power consumption of the electrical equipment is lower than the preset power consumption, the control unit 90 can trigger the main working channel 50 to perform cooling.
  • the accumulator 72 is preferentially used to provide refrigerant to the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the storage channel 70 for cooling, which can reduce the power consumption of the air conditioning system It is beneficial to prolong the use time of the air conditioning system, meet the cooling needs of users for a long time, and help extend the time for users to reach the limit of power consumption or prevent users from reaching the limit of power consumption. For areas with time-based pricing, it is also conducive to reducing electricity costs.
  • the accumulator 72 of the storage channel 70 can store and cool the refrigerant during the non-peak period of power consumption, and the control unit 90 can trigger the accumulator according to the cooling command during the peak period of power consumption.
  • 72 provides cooling refrigerant to the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 for cooling, which can not only ensure the cooling effect of the air conditioning system, but also help reduce the power consumption of the air conditioning system during the peak period of power consumption, and help extend the air conditioning system.
  • the use time can better meet the cooling needs of users.
  • the accumulator 72 includes a plurality.
  • the accumulator 72 can include two, three or more than three, which can be specifically set according to actual needs.
  • a relatively large number of accumulators 72 can be installed, and when the area cooled by the air conditioning system is relatively small, a relatively small number of accumulators 72 can be installed .
  • a plurality of accumulators 72 may be arranged side by side. The reserved volumes of the multiple accumulators 72 may be the same or different, or some of the stored volumes of the multiple accumulators 72 are the same.
  • the pressure upper limit values of the multiple accumulators 72 increase sequentially.
  • a sequence valve 73 is connected between adjacent accumulators 72, and the opening pressure of the sequence valve 73 is equal to the pressure upper limit value adjacent to it and closer to the outlet of the second regulating valve 32, so as to facilitate each accumulator 72 to Store refrigerants in sequence.
  • one of the accumulators 72 is relatively close to the outlet of the second regulating valve 32, and the other accumulator 72 is relatively far away from the outlet of the second regulating valve 32.
  • the gap between the two accumulators 72 is Then, a sequence valve 73 is provided.
  • the control unit 90 reserves the refrigerant according to the reserve refrigeration control reserve passage 70, the refrigerant from the compressor 10 first enters the accumulator 72 relatively close to the outlet of the second regulating valve 32, and the accumulator 72 When the actual pressure value reaches its upper limit value, the pressure at the inlet of the sequence valve 73 also reaches its cracking pressure, the sequence valve 73 opens, and the refrigerant from the compressor 10 enters the energy storage relatively far away from the outlet of the second regulating valve 32 72 for storage.
  • the reserve passage 70 of the air conditioning system further includes: a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is arranged on the accumulator, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control unit 90;
  • the control unit 90 is also used to trigger the closing of the second electric cut-off valve 71 when it is determined according to the detection result of the pressure sensor that the actual pressure value of each accumulator 72 reaches the corresponding upper pressure value, and the trigger control unit 90 according to The cooling demand of the main working path 50 determines that the compressor 10 operates at a second load, which is less than or equal to the first load.
  • the control unit 90 is also used to trigger the first electric cut-off valve 77 to connect the accumulator 72 and the reserve passage 70 when it is determined according to the detection result of the pressure sensor that the actual pressure value of each accumulator 72 has dropped to the corresponding lower pressure limit.
  • the indoor heat exchange branch 79 is disconnected.
  • the control unit 90 controls the opening of the second electric shut-off valve 71 so that the accumulators 72 store refrigerant, and multiple accumulators 72 can store refrigerant at the same time or sequentially according to a preset order. Refrigerant can be set according to actual needs. Take three accumulators 72 as an example, the inlets of the three accumulators 72 can be connected in parallel with the electric three-way valve, and the control unit 90 is used to control the electric three-way valve to connect one of the accumulators 72 to the second regulating valve 32 conduction so that the plurality of accumulators 72 can reserve refrigerant one by one.
  • the reserve channel 70 of the air conditioning system further includes: a first pressure relay 74, the first pressure relay 74 is connected to the accumulator among the plurality of accumulators 72 that is farther away from the outlet of the second regulating valve 32 accumulator 72, and the first pressure relay 74 is used to trigger the closing of the second regulating valve 32 to disconnect the accumulator 72 from the compressor 10 when the actual pressure value of the accumulator 72 connected to it reaches the corresponding pressure upper limit value , and trigger the control unit 90 to adjust the load of the compressor 10 according to the main working passage 50 , generally speaking, the control unit 90 adjusts the load of the compressor 10 according to the main working passage 50 .
  • the air conditioning system further includes an instrument, which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor or the control unit 90, and the instrument is used to display the current pressure value of the accumulator.
  • the control unit 90 is configured to send the detection result of the pressure sensor to the smart terminal on the user side for display. In this way, it is beneficial for the user to know the reserve status of each accumulator in time, and it is also beneficial for quickly and accurately determining the fault point of the air-conditioning system.
  • the reserve branch 70 determines that the second regulating valve 32 and/or Or the second electric shut-off valve 71 fails.
  • the reserve channel 70 of the air conditioning system also includes: a second pressure relay 75 and a first one-way valve 76, the second pressure relay 75 is connected to the accumulator 72 that is closer to the outlet of the second regulating valve 32 among the plurality of accumulators 72 , the other accumulators 72 in the plurality of accumulators 72 are connected to the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 through the first one-way valve 76;
  • the second electric cut-off valve 71 is triggered to disconnect the accumulator 72 from the indoor heat exchange branch 79 of the reserve passage 70 .
  • the pressure sensor and the pressure relays 74 and 75 can work simultaneously to ensure the reliability of the reserve passage and the safety of the air-conditioning system. In actual implementation, the pressure sensor and the pressure relays 74 and 75 can work together to ensure the working reliability of the reserve passage and the safety of the air-conditioning system.
  • the reserve branch 30 can be provided with one of the pressure sensor and the pressure relay 35 to reduce the cost; in order to ensure the reliability of each refrigeration function, the reserve branch 30 can be provided with the pressure sensor and the pressure relay 35, the pressure sensor and the pressure relay 35 at the same time. The pressure relays 35 can work together.
  • the pressure relays 74 and 75 can be used as the main, but when the pressure sensor detects that the actual pressure value in the accumulator 72 reaches the pressure upper limit and lasts for a set time, the control unit 70 can directly trigger the second electric cut-off valve 71 close, and the control unit can also issue a corresponding reminder to facilitate timely maintenance of the pressure relay and other components; correspondingly, when the pressure sensor detects that the actual pressure value in the accumulator 72 drops to the lower pressure limit , the control unit 70 can directly trigger the closing of the first electric shut-off valve 77, and the control unit can also issue corresponding prompts to help quickly and accurately find the fault point of the air-conditioning system.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the refrigerant when the air-conditioning system stores the refrigerant through the accumulator for cooling in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the flow of the refrigerant when the air-conditioning system stores the refrigerant in the accumulator for cooling in another embodiment of the present invention flow diagram. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 , taking three accumulators 72 as an example, the structure and implementation process of the reserve passage 70 in this embodiment will be illustrated.
  • the three accumulators are respectively 72-1, 72-2 and 72-3; correspondingly, there are two sequence valves 73, respectively 73-1 and 73-2; the first one-way valve 76 is two , respectively 76-1, 76-2.
  • the upper pressure limit of the accumulator 72-1 P 1
  • the upper limit of the pressure of the accumulator 72-2 as P 2
  • the upper limit of the pressure of the accumulator 72-3 as P 3 as an example, that is That is, P 1 ⁇ P 2 ⁇ P 3
  • the opening pressure of the sequence valve 73-1 can be equal to the pressure upper limit P 1 of the accumulator 72-1
  • the opening pressure of the sequence valve 73-2 can be equal to the accumulator The pressure upper limit value P 2 of device 72-2.
  • sequence valve in this example can also be replaced by other valves with pressure control function, and the sequence valve in this example can also be replaced by a combination of a pressure sensor and an electric cut-off valve.
  • the control unit 90 can determine the opening degree of the first regulating valve 31 and the opening degree of the second regulating valve 32, and trigger the connection between the compressor 10 and the main working passage 50. conduction so that the main working passage 50 starts cooling, and triggers the conduction between the compressor 10 and the accumulator 72 so that the accumulator 72 begins to store refrigerant; wherein, the flow direction of the refrigerant is shown by the straight arrow in Figure 1 or Figure 4 .
  • the process of storing refrigerant take each accumulator 72 as an example: the refrigerant from the compressor 10 first enters the accumulator 72-1, and the actual pressure value of the accumulator 72-1 reaches its pressure.
  • the sequence valve 73-1 When the limit value P is 1 , the pressure at the inlet of the sequence valve 73-1 reaches its cracking pressure, the sequence valve 73-1 opens, and the refrigerant from the compressor 10 enters the accumulator 72-2, where the accumulator 72- When the actual pressure value of 2 reaches its upper limit value P2, the pressure at the inlet of the sequence valve 73-2 also reaches its cracking pressure, the sequence valve 73-2 opens, and the refrigerant from the compressor 10 enters the accumulator 72 -3, when the actual pressure value of the accumulator 72-3 reaches its pressure upper limit value P3 , the first pressure relay 74 is triggered to send an electrical signal, and then the second electric shut-off valve 71 is closed, and the control unit 90 according to Demand from the main working passage 50 adjusts the load on the compressor 10 .
  • the first pressure relay 74 is triggered to send an electrical signal, and then the second electric cut-off valve 71 is closed, and the control unit 90 adjusts the load of the compressor 10 according to the demand of the main working passage 50 .
  • control unit 90 determines that the main working passage 50 is not cooling during the peak period of electricity consumption, it controls the opening of the first electric shut-off valve 77 according to the cooling instruction, so that the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 72 can enter the indoor heat exchange branch 79 to realize cooling.
  • the direction of the refrigerant is shown in Figure 3 or Figure 5; during this process, the compressor 10 is in a closed state.
  • the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 72-2 enters the indoor heat exchange branch 79 through the first one-way valve 76-1, the first electric stop valve 77, and the second throttling device 78, and the accumulator 72-3 stores The refrigerant enters the indoor heat exchange branch 79 through the first one-way valve 76-2, the first electric cut-off valve 77, and the second throttling device 78, and the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 72-1 passes through the first electric cut-off valve 77,
  • the second throttling device 78 enters the indoor heat exchange branch 79, and the refrigerant becomes gaseous after exchanging heat in the indoor heat exchange branch 79, and the gaseous refrigerant enters the gas storage container 80; wherein, after the compressor 10 is started, the gas storage
  • the gaseous refrigerant in the container 80 can enter the compressor 10 through the second one-way valve 81 for further use.
  • each accumulator 72 When the refrigerant stored in each accumulator 72 is released, the actual pressure value of the accumulator 72-1 drops to the pressure lower limit value P 0 , and at this time, the second pressure relay 75 is triggered to send an electrical signal, thereby triggering the first The electric shut-off valve 77 is closed, and the reserve cooling passage stops cooling. At this time, the air conditioning system may stop cooling, or the main working channel 50 of the air conditioning system may perform cooling according to customer requirements.
  • each accumulator 72 may be provided with a pressure sensor, and each pressure sensor may be electrically connected to the control unit 90 .
  • the control unit 90 receives the reserve command, under the control of the control unit 90, the electric two-way valve and the second electric shut-off valve 71 connect the compressor 10 and the accumulator 72, and the refrigerant from the compressor 10 can enter in sequence.
  • Each accumulator 72 may enter each accumulator 72 at the same time, which can be set according to actual needs; according to the pressure sensor of each accumulator 72, when the actual pressure of each accumulator 72 reaches the corresponding pressure upper limit , the control unit 90 controls the compressor 10 to stop working.
  • the process of using the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 72 to realize cooling may be similar to the foregoing examples, and details will not be repeated here in this embodiment.
  • the control unit 90 compressor 10 runs at full capacity, and the control unit 90 controls the second electric shut-off valve 71 to be powered on, and the first electric shut-off valve 77
  • the refrigerant flows along the direction indicated by the straight arrow in Figure 1 or Figure 4, and the refrigerant is divided into two paths, respectively entering the main working passage 50 through the first regulating valve 31 and entering the reserve passage 70 through the second regulating valve 32 .
  • the refrigerant passes through the first regulating valve 31, the outdoor heat exchanger 51, the first throttling device 52, the indoor heat exchange branch 53, and the third one-way valve 54 in sequence, and then returns to the compressor 10, Do cooling work.
  • the opening of the second regulating valve 32 is adjusted according to the opening of the first regulating valve 31, and the excess refrigerant enters through the second regulating valve 32 and the second electric shut-off valve 71.
  • the accumulator 72 is for storage, that is, excess refrigerant enters the storage passage 70 for storage.
  • the refrigerant demand of the main working passage 50 can be 0; is 0.
  • the refrigerant flowing out from the compressor 10 enters the accumulator 72-1 through the second regulating valve 32 and the second electric stop valve 71.
  • the sequence valve 73-1 opens, the refrigerant enters the accumulator 72-2, when the actual pressure of the accumulator 72-2 reaches P2, the sequence valve 73-2 opens, the refrigerant enters the accumulator 72-3, when the accumulator 72- 3 when the actual pressure reaches P3, the first pressure switch 74 sends out an electric signal, the second electric stop valve 71 is closed, and the controller adjusts the load of the compressor 10 according to the refrigeration demand of the main working passage 50, and the compressor 10 may not be fully loaded at this time. load operation.
  • the user can start the battery so that the battery drives the indoor fan to supply air to accelerate the air flow, and manually open the manual shut-off valve 83, and the refrigerant in the accumulator 72 passes through the first one-way valve 76 and the manual shut-off valve 83 , The second throttling device 78 enters the indoor heat exchange branch 79 to achieve cooling, and then the refrigerant enters the gas storage container 80 for storage.
  • the manual cut-off valve 83 needs to be manually operated to disconnect the accumulator 72 of the reserve passage 70 from the indoor heat exchange branch 79 .
  • the control unit 90 can preferentially select the reserve channel 70 for cooling according to the received cooling command. , the compressor 10 does not work at this moment. Specifically, the control unit 90 controls the second electric shut-off valve 71 to be normally closed when de-energized, and the first electric shut-off valve 77 is powered to open, the refrigerant flows along the dotted arrow in FIG. 3 or FIG.
  • the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 72-2 After passing through the first one-way valve 76-1, the first electric stop valve 77, and the second throttling device 78, it enters the indoor heat exchange branch 79, and the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 72-3 passes through the first one-way valve 76-2, The first electric stop valve 77 and the second throttling device 78 enter the indoor heat exchange branch 79, and the refrigerant stored in the accumulator 72-1 enters the indoor heat exchange branch through the first electric stop valve 77 and the second throttling device 78 79.
  • the refrigerant becomes gaseous after heat exchange in the indoor heat exchange branch 79, and the gaseous refrigerant enters the gas storage container 80 for storage.
  • the second pressure relay 75 sends out an electric signal
  • the first electric stop valve 77 loses power and normally closes
  • the reserve passage 70 works in refrigeration Finish. If the user still needs cooling, the air conditioning system can perform cooling through the main working channel 50 .
  • the working state of the air-conditioning system provided in this embodiment is not limited thereto, and this embodiment is only an example for illustration.

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Abstract

本发明属于空调空调系统技术领域，具体涉及一种空调系统，旨在解决现有用户停电时空调系统将无法继续制冷的问题，包括：空调系统包括：压缩机、主工作通路、储备通路、蓄电池及控制单元；主工作通路、储备通路分别连接于压缩机的出口；储备通路包括：至少一个蓄能器，蓄能器用于在将储备通路与压缩机的出口导通时储备冷媒且对冷媒进行冷却；控制单元用于在市电供电且处于非用电高峰期时触发蓄能器储备冷媒；蓄电池用于在用户被停电时为相应室内风扇供电，使得储备通路提供至室内换热支路的冷媒能够进行制冷。

Description

空调系统
本申请要求于2021年06月11日提交中国专利局、申请号为2021106572254、申请名称为“空调系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于空调技术领域，具体涉及一种空调系统。
背景技术
空调系统，是指用人工手段，对建筑或构筑物内环境空气的温度、湿度、流速等参数进行调节和控制的系统。
相关技术中，空调系统的制冷功能通常是通过制冷剂吸收建筑或构筑物内空气中的热量汽化来实现的。举例来说，空调系统的压缩机将气态的制冷剂压缩为高温高压的气态，并将其送至冷凝器进行冷却，高温高压的气态制冷剂经冷却后变成中温高压的液态制冷剂，中温高压的液态制冷剂经节流装置节流降压变成低温低压的气液混合体，低温低压的气液混合体经过蒸发器吸收空气中的热量而汽化变成气态，从而达到制冷的效果。
然而，在由于市电故障或电量限制等原因导致用户停电时，上述相关技术中的空调系统将无法继续制冷。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有用户停电时空调系统将无法继续制冷的问题，本发明提供了一种空调系统，所述空调系统包括：压缩机、主工作通路、储备通路、蓄电池及控制单元；所述主工作通路、储备通路分别连接于所述压缩机的出口；所述储备通路包括：至少一个蓄能器，所述蓄能器用于在将所述储备通路与所述压缩机的出口导通时储备冷媒且对冷媒进行冷却；所述控制单元用于在所述市电供电且处于非用电高峰期时触发所述蓄能器储备冷媒；所述蓄电池用于在用户被停电时为所述空调系统的室内风扇供电，使得所述储备通路提供至室内换热支路的冷媒能够进行制冷。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述空调系统还包括：手动截止阀，所述手动截止阀用于在外力作用下将所述储备通路的储能器与室内换热支路导通，以使所述蓄能器储备的冷媒经所述手动截止阀进入室内换热支路进行制冷。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述空调系统还包括：第一电动截止阀，所述第一电动截止阀连接于所述蓄能器与储备通路的室内换热支路之间，用于将所述蓄能器与储备通路的室内换热支路导通或断开；所述空调系统还包括：第二电动截止阀，所述第二电动截止阀连接于所述第二调节阀与蓄能器之间，用于将所述压缩机的出口与蓄能器导通或断开。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述蓄电池还用于为所述控制单元供电，以使所述控制单元能够在用户被断电时触发第一电动截止阀将所述蓄能器与储备通路的室内换热支路导通，所述蓄能器储备的冷媒经所述第一电动截止阀进入室内换热支路进行制冷。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述空调系统还包括：第一调节阀及第二调节阀；所述第一调节阀连接于所述压缩机的出口与所述主工作通路之间；所述第二调节阀连接于所述压缩机的出口与所述储备通路之间；控制单元与所述第一调节阀及第二调节阀电连接；所述控制单元用于在非用电高峰期且所述主工作通路进行制冷时，控制所述压缩机以第一负荷运行，且根据所述第一调节阀的开度控制所述第二调节阀的开度，以使由所述压缩机流出的部分冷媒能够经所述第二调节阀进入所述蓄能器进行储备；所述控制单元还用于在用电高峰期时，根据制冷指令触发所述蓄能器向所述储备通路的室内换热支路提供冷媒以进行制冷。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一调节阀的开度所对应的冷媒流量与所述第二调节阀的开度所对应的冷媒流量之和等于所述压缩机出口的冷媒流量。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述压缩机以第一负荷运行，包括：所述压缩机满负荷运行。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述空调系统还包括：压力传感器，所述压力传感器设置于所述蓄能器，所述压力传感器与所述控制单元电连接；所述压力传感器用于检测所述蓄能器内的实际压力值，所述 控制单元还用于在根据所述压力传感器的检测结果确定各蓄能器的实际压力值达到相应压力上限值时，触发所述第二电动截止阀关闭，且触发所述控制单元根据所述主工作通路确定所述压缩机以第二负荷运行，所述第二负荷小于或等于所述第一负荷；所述控制单元还用于在在根据所述压力传感器的检测结果确定各蓄能器的实际压力值降低至相应压力下限值时，触发所述第一电动截止阀所述蓄能器与储备通路的室内换热支路断开。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述空调系统还包括：第一压力继电器，所述第一压力继电器连接于多个蓄能器中更为远离第二调节阀出口的蓄能器，所述第一压力继电器用于在与其连接的蓄能器的实际压力值达到相应压力上限值时，触发所述第二电动截止阀关闭，且触发所述控制单元根据所述主工作通路确定所述压缩机以第二负荷运行，所述第二负荷小于或等于所述第一负荷；所述空调系统还包括：第二压力继电器及第一单向阀，所述第二压力继电器连接于多个蓄能器中更为靠近第二调节阀出口的蓄能器，多个蓄能器中的其它蓄能器通过第一单向阀与所述储备通路的室内换热支路连接；所述第二压力继电器用于在与其连接的蓄能器的实际压力值降低至相应压力下限值时，触发所述第一电动截止阀将所述蓄能器与储备通路的室内换热支路断开。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述储备通路的室内换热支路与主工作通路的室内换热支路独立设置。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述主工作通路的室内换热支路与所述储备通路的室内换热支路并列地设置于换热翅片中。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述主工作通路的室内换热支路与所述储备通路的室内换热支路分别设置于相应的换热翅片中。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述蓄能器包括多个，沿远离第二调节阀出口的方向，多个所述蓄能器的压力上限值依次递增；相邻的所述蓄能器之间连接有顺序阀，所述顺序阀的开启压力等于与其相邻的且更为靠近第二调节阀出口的压力上限值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述空调系统还包括：储气容器及第二单向阀，所述储气容器的入口连接于所述储备通路的室内换热支路，所述储气容器的出口通过所述第二单向阀与所述压缩机连接。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述蓄能器的外表面有至少部分区域具有散热片。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，本发明的空调系统，其储备通路的蓄能器能够在市电供电且处于非用电高峰期时储备冷媒且对冷媒进行冷却，如此，在用户被停电时，蓄电池能够为室内风扇供电，使得储备通路提供至室内换热支路的冷媒能够在室内风扇的作用下实现制冷，从而在用户被停电时依然能够满足用户的制冷需求。
附图说明
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明，应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，本发明不局限于下述的具体实施方式。附图为：
图1是本发明一实施例提供的空调系统的结构示意图；
图2是本发明一实施例提供的空调系统的电连接示意图；
图3是本发明一实施例中，空调系统通过蓄能器储备冷媒进行制冷时冷媒的流向示意图；
图4是本发明另一实施例提供的空调系统的结构示意图；
图5是本发明另一实施例中，空调系统通过蓄能器储备冷媒进行制冷时冷媒的流向示意图；
图6是本发明又一实施例提供的空调系统的结构示意图；
图7是本发明另一实施例中，空调系统通过蓄能器储备冷媒进行制冷时冷媒的流向示意图。
附图中：10-压缩机；11-蓄电池；12-室内风扇；31-第一调节阀；32-第二调节阀；50-主工作通路；51-室外换热器；52-第一节流装置；53-主工作通路的室内换热支路；54-第三单向阀；70-储备通路；71-第二电动截止阀；72蓄能器；73-顺序阀；74-第一压力继电器；75-第二压力继电器；76-第一单向阀；77-第一电动截止阀；78-第二节流装置；79-储备通路的室内换热支路；80-储气容器；81-第二单向阀；82-散热片；83-手动截止阀；90-控制单元；91-共用的室内换热器；92-第四单向阀；93-第五单向阀；94-第六单向阀。
具体实施方式
首先，本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明实施例的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明实施例的保护范围。本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合。
其次，需要说明的是，在本发明实施例的描述中，术语“内”、“外”等指示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或构件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明实施例的限制。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个构件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明实施例中的具体含义。
空调系统通常包括压缩机、室外换热器(或者称为冷凝器)、室内换热器(或者称为蒸发器)及节流装置；压缩机将气态的制冷剂压缩为高温高压的气态，并将其送至室外换热器进行冷却，高温高压的气态制冷剂经冷却后变成中温高压的液态制冷剂，中温高压的液态制冷剂经节流装置节流降压变成低温低压的气液混合体，低温低压的气液混合体经过室内换热器吸收空气中的热量而汽化变成气态，从而达到制冷的效果；气态的制冷剂再回到压缩机继续压缩，继续循环进行制冷。
以民用电举例来说，某些地区为了保护电力系统，将在用电高峰期限制居民用电量。然而，在用电高峰期如19点至21点，用户自身可能同时运行厨房电器如集成灶、烤箱、冰箱及上述空调系统，厨房电器及空调系统通常属于大功率电器，这将使用户的用电量很快地达到限制的用电量，进而导致用户被断电致使空调系统无法使用。
本发明实施例是对上述阐述的空调系统的进一步改进以克服上述问题。下面将结合上述阐述本发明的空调系统的优选技术方案。
图1是本发明一实施例提供的空调系统的结构示意图；图2是本发明一实施例提供的空调系统的电连接示意图。请参照图1及图2，本 发明实施例提供的空调系统包括：压缩机10、蓄电池11、室内风扇12、主工作通路50、储备通路70及控制单元90。具体地，压缩机10用于提供压缩的冷媒。压缩机10的出口分别连接至主工作通路50及储备通路70。主工作通路50通过其通路中的室内换热支路53、室外换热器51等部件实现制冷功能。储备通路70用于储备冷却的冷媒且能够通过储备的冷媒进行制冷。控制单元90用于在市电供电且处于非用电高峰期时控制储备通路70与压缩机10的出口导通，使得储备通路70能够储备冷媒。蓄电池11用于在用户被停电时为空调系统的室内风扇12供电；其中，室内风扇12与储备通路70的室内换热支路对应设置，具体实现时，室内风扇12与储备通路70的室内换热支路可独立设置或集成设置。如此，在用户被断电时，在储备通路70与其室内换热支路导通时，室内风扇12能够运转以加快室内换热支路附近的空气流动进而使得室内换热支路中的冷媒能够快速吸收空气中热量，达到制冷的目的。
在一些示例中，空调系统还包括：手动截止阀83，手动截止阀83用于在外力作用下将储备通路70的储能器72与室内换热支路79导通或断开。在空调系统被断电时，启动蓄电池，且手动操作手动截止阀83以将储备通路70的储能器72与室内换热支路79导通，储能器将能够向室内换热支路79提供冷媒，且在室内风扇的作用下，室内换热支路79中的冷媒将吸收室内空气中的热量而汽化变成气态，达到制冷的效果。在该工作状态结束时，则需手动操作手动截止阀83将储备通路70的储能器72与室内换热支路79断开。本示例中，通过设置手动截止阀83与能够为室内风扇供电的蓄电池，使得空调系统被断电时，为依然能继续进行制冷。
在另一些示例中，蓄能器72与储备通路70的室内换热支路79之间连接有第一电动截止阀77，第一电动截止阀77用于控制蓄能器72与储备通路70的室内换热支路79之间的通断，具体地，第一电动截止阀77用于在控制单元90的控制下将蓄能器72与室内换热支路79导通使得蓄能器72能够向室内换热支路79提供冷媒以实现制冷，第一电动截止阀77还用于在控制单元90的控制下将蓄能器72与室内换热支路79断开以使得蓄能器72停止向室内换热支路79提供冷媒，室内换热支路79停止对室内制冷。其中，第一电动截止阀77得电打开。
蓄电池11还可以为控制单元90供电，使得控制单元90在用户被断电时也能够触发第一电动截止阀77将蓄能器72与室内换热支路79导通，使得空调系统在室内风扇12的作用下利用储能器72储备的冷媒实现制冷。本示例中，通过设置能够为室内风扇12及控制单元90供电的蓄电池，使得空调系统被断电时，依然能继续进行制冷。
本发明的空调系统，其储备通路70的蓄能器72能够在市电供电且处于非用电高峰期时储备冷媒且对冷媒进行冷却，如此，在用户被停电时，蓄电池11能够为室内风扇12供电，使得储备通路70提供至室内换热支路的冷媒能够在室内风扇12的作用下实现制冷，从而在用户被停电时依然能够满足用户的制冷需求。
可选地，空调系统还包括：第一调节阀31及第二调节阀32。压缩机10的出口分别连接于第一调节阀31的入口及第二调节阀32的入口。第一调节阀31的出口连接于主工作通路50，第一调节阀31用于在控制单元90的控制下调整主工作通路50的冷媒流量。第二调节阀32的出口连接于储备通路70，第二调节阀32用于在控制单元90的控制下调整储备通路70的冷媒流量。控制单元90用于控制第一调节阀31的开度以控制主工作通路50的冷媒流量。控制单元90还用于控制第二调节阀32的开度以控制储备通路70的冷媒流量。在控制第二调节阀32的开度时，控制单元90以第一调节阀31的开度为输入信息；也就是说，在控制第二调节阀32的开度时，控制单元90根据第一调节阀31的开度来确定第二调节阀32的开度。
主工作通路50可采用现有空调的制冷通路结构。例如，主工作通路50包括：室外换热器51、第一节流装置52、室内换热支路53。室外换热器51可与第一调节阀31的出口相连；可选地，室外换热器51与第一调节阀31之间还可连接有第三电动截止阀，第三电动截止阀可与控制单元90电连接，控制单元90用于控制第三电动截止阀将室外换热器51与第一调节阀31导通或断开，如此，第一调节阀31打开且第三电动截止将室外换热器51与第一调节阀31导通时，主工作通路50才能进行制冷，利于确保主工作通路50与储备通路70相互独立、互不干扰，利于确保各自的工作可靠性。其中，第三电动截止阀失电常开。室外换热器51通过第一节流装置52与室内换热支路53连接。室内换热支路53通过第三单向阀54与压缩机10的入口连接。
在主工作通路50根据控制单元90的指令进行制冷时，压缩机10启动，压缩机10将气态的冷媒压缩为高温高压的气态，并将其送至室外换热器51进行冷却，高温高压的气态冷媒经冷却后变成中温高压的液态冷媒，中温高压的液态冷媒经第一节流装置52节流降压变成低温低压的气液混合体，低温低压的气液混合体经过室内换热支路53吸收空气中的热量而汽化变成气态，由于室内换热支路53吸收了室内空气中的热量，室内温度将下降，从而达到制冷的效果。气态的冷媒将进入压缩机10继续压缩，继续循环进行制冷。
主工作通路50与储备通路70并联设置。具体地，主工作通路50与第一调节阀31串联，储备通路70与第二调节阀32串联；主工作通路50及第一调节阀31，并联于储备通路70及第二调节阀32。本示例中，主工作通路50与储备通路70能够分别独立工作，利于确保各自的工作可靠性。
储备通路70包括：至少一个蓄能器72。蓄能器72用于在将储备通路70与压缩机10的出口导通时储备冷媒且对冷媒进行冷却，以使得空调系统能够通过蓄能器72预先储备冷却的冷媒，进而通过储备的冷媒实现制冷功能。在通过储备的冷媒实现制冷功能时，无需主工作通路50工作，压缩机10等功耗较大的部件无需工作，利于减少耗电量。
蓄能器72可以通过传导散热、辐射散热、对流散热等常见的散热方式对进入其内的冷媒进行冷却。在一些示例中，蓄能器72的外表面具有散热片82，以增大蓄能器72的散热面积，确保对蓄能器72内的冷媒的冷却效果，进而利于确保空调系统的制冷效果；其中，本实施例对于散热片82的具体结构不做限定，只能实现其散热功能即可，例如，散热片82可包括与蓄能器72连接的基板，基板上设置多个间隔分布的翅片，翅片沿背离蓄能器72的方向延伸。可以理解的是：在不干涉蓄能器72的安装及与其他部件连接的管路等的情况下，蓄能器72的外表面设置散热片82的区域越多，对蓄能器72内的冷媒的冷却速度及冷却效果越好。具体实现时，可根据实际需要选择散热片82的设置区域，以能够兼顾冷却速度及系统的成本。在其它示例中，蓄能器72内可具有能够对进入蓄能器72的冷媒进行冷却的温度较低的介质，以达到对冷媒进行冷却的目的；或者，蓄能器72设置有风扇，通过风 扇加速蓄能器72周围的空气流动，从而达到对冷媒进行冷却的目的。当然，蓄能器对冷媒的冷却的实现方式并不限于此，本实施例此处只是举例说明。
可选地，蓄能器72可通过第二电动截止阀71与第二调节阀32的出口连接。第二电动截止阀71可与控制单元90电连接，第二电动截止阀71用于在控制单元90的控制下将第二调节阀32与蓄能器72导通或断开。如此，只有在第二调节阀32打开且第二电动截止阀71将蓄能器72与第二调节阀32导通时，储备通路70才能进行储备，利于确保主工作通路50与储备通路70相互独立、互不干扰，利于确保各自的工作可靠性。其中，第二电动截止阀71失电常闭。
蓄能器72的出口连接于储备通路70的室内换热支路79。储备通路70的室内换热支路79与主工作通路50的室内换热支路53独立设置，如此，能够保证储备通路70与主工作通路50相互独立，避免了二者相互干扰，有效地保证了主工作通路50的制冷性能。如此，通过将储备通路70的室内换热支路79与主工作通路50的室内换热支路53中的管路完全相互独立，在其中一通路中的某个部件故障时，另一通路仍然能正常工作，空调系统仍可进行制冷。
在一些示例中，如图2所示，储备通路70的室内换热支路79与主工作通路50的室内换热支路53并列地设置于换热翅片中。换句话说，室内换热器的换热翅片内并列有两套相互独立的管路，其中一管路用于形成储备通路70的室内换热支路79，另一管路用于形成主工作通路50的室内换热支路53。
具体地，主工作通路50的室内换热支路79可包括依次连接的第一节流装置52、位于换热翅片的一管路、第三单向阀54，第三单向阀54的出口连接至压缩机10入口。其中，第三单向阀54使得冷媒只能从主工作通路50的室内换热支路53流向压缩机10，能够有效防止冷媒逆流，利于确保储备通路70的工作可靠性。
储备通路70的室内换热支路79可包括依次连接的第二节流装置78、位于换热翅片的另一管路、储气容器80、第二单向阀81，第二单向阀81的出口连接至压缩机10入口。其中，在利用蓄能器72储备的冷媒进行制冷时，压缩机10不工作，此时储气容器80用于在蓄能器72提供冷媒时收容储备通路70的室内换热支路79流出的冷媒气体； 第二单向阀81使得冷媒只能从储气容器80进入压缩机10，能够有效防止冷媒逆流，防止主工作通路50的冷媒进入储气容器80，利于确保主工作通路50的工作可靠性。
本示例中，通过在一组室内换热器中设置相互独立的两套管路，利用降低空调系统的成本。
当然，在其它示例中，储备通路70与主工作通路30也可以共用一套室内换热支路，以降低成本。图6是本发明又一实施例提供的空调系统的结构示意图；图7是本发明另一实施例中，空调系统通过蓄能器储备冷媒进行制冷时冷媒的流向示意图。如图6及图7所示，主工作通路50的室外换热器51中的冷媒经过第四单向阀92后依次进入共用的第一节流装置52、共用的室内换热器91、第六单向阀94、储气容器80、第二单向阀81进入压缩机；在非用电高峰期，主工作通路50工作时冷媒的走向如图6中直线箭头所示。储备通路70释放冷媒时，冷媒经第一电动截止阀77流出之后通过第五单向阀93继而依次经过进入共用的第一节流装置52、共用的室内换热器91、第六单向阀94、储气容器80，在压缩机10工作之后，储气容器80中的冷媒经过第二单向阀81进入压缩机；在用电高峰期，蓄能器72提供冷媒时，冷媒的走向如图7中虚线箭头所示。
图4是本发明另一实施例提供的空调系统的结构示意图。在另一些示例中，如图4所示，主工作通路50的室内换热支路53与储备通路70的室内换热支路79分别设置于相应的换热翅片中。换句话说，空调系统设置有两组相互独立的室内换热器，其中一组室内换热器形成储备通路70的室内换热支路79，另一组室内换热器形成主工作通路50的室内换热支路53。
具体地，主工作通路50的室内换热支路53可包括依次连接的第一节流装置52、一组室内换热器、第三单向阀54，第三单向阀54的出口连接至压缩机10入口。其中，第三单向阀54使得冷媒只能从主工作通路50的室内换热支路53流向压缩机10，能够有效防止冷媒逆流，利于确保储备通路70的工作可靠性。
储备通路70的室内换热支路79可包括依次连接的第二节流装置78、另一组室内换热器、储气容器80、第二单向阀81，第二单向阀81的出口连接至压缩机10入口。其中，在利用蓄能器72储备的冷媒进 行制冷时，压缩机10不工作，此时储气容器80用于在蓄能器72提供冷媒时收容储备通路70的室内换热支路79流出的气体，如此压缩机10不用工作，利于进一步降低空调系统此时的耗电量；第二单向阀81使得冷媒只能从储气容器80进入压缩机10，防止主工作通路50的冷媒进入储气容器80，利于确保主工作通路50的工作可靠性。
本示例中，通过采用两组室内换热器分别形成主工作通路50的室内换热支路53与储备通路70的室内换热支路79，利于进一步确保两个通路的独立性，且两个通路中相应管路的设置位置更灵活，利于提高安装的灵活性。
控制单元90用于通过控制第一调节阀31、第二调节阀32、第一电动截止阀77、第二电动截止阀71等电动器件的动作来控制空调系统的工作状态。具体实现时，控制单元90可以包括控制器或能够实现其相应功能的电路。控制单元90具体可控制空调系统处于通过主工作通路50制冷且由蓄能器72储备冷媒的状态，或控制空调系统处于利用储备的冷媒进行制冷的状态，或控制空调系统处于通过主工作通路50制冷的状态。也就是说，控制单元90能够控制空调系统择一地处于通过主工作通路50制冷且由蓄能器72储备冷媒的状态、利用储备的冷媒进行制冷的状态、通过主工作通路50制冷的状态。或者说，控制单元90能够控制空调系统处于通过主工作通路50制冷且由蓄能器72储备冷媒的状态、利用储备的冷媒进行制冷的状态、通过主工作通路50制冷的状态中的一个。需要说明的是：本示例中的第一电动截止阀77、第二电动截止阀71及第三电动截止阀也可由其他具有通断功能的阀门如换向阀来代替。
在控制单元90接收到来自智能终端的制冷指令时，控制单元90可先获取当前时间，在控制单元90根据获取的当前时间确定处于非用电高峰期时，控制压缩机10以第一负荷工作，根据用户的制冷需求如制冷温度控制第一调节阀31的开度以使得主工作通路50能够满足用户的制冷需求，且根据第一调节阀31的开度控制第二调节阀32的开度以使得储备通路70的蓄能器72能够储备冷媒。其中，第一负荷具体可以由用户根据实际需要来设置。可选地，第一负荷为满负荷。
其中，第一调节阀31和第二调节阀32能够以互补的逻辑关系调节各自的阀口大小进而调节各自通路的冷媒流量。当第一调节阀31的 开度增大时，第二调节阀32的开度减小。当第一调节阀31的开度减小时，第二调节阀32的开度增大。
示例性地，第一调节阀31的开度所对应的冷媒流量与第二调节阀32的开度所对应的冷媒流量之和等于压缩机10出口的冷媒流量。控制单元90在非用电高峰期时接收到制冷指令时，可根据制冷指令中的目标温度确定主工作通路50的冷媒流量进而确定第一调节阀31的开度，控制单元90还根据压缩机10满负荷时流出的冷媒流量及主工作通路50的冷媒流量确定储备通路70的冷媒流量进而确定第二调节阀32的开度。具体实现时，第一调节阀31与第二调节阀32可采用同类调节阀，在第一调节阀31与第二调节阀32的开度相等时，二者对应的冷媒流量可相等，如此，压缩机10满负荷时流出的冷媒流量对应于总开度，控制单元90确定第一调节阀31的开度后可将总开度与第一调节阀31的开度的差值作为第二调节阀32的开度。在其它示例中，第一调节阀31的开度对应的冷媒流量与第二调节阀32的开度对应的冷媒流量的乘积是定值。具体可根据实际情况来定。
需要说明的是：在非用电高峰期时，用户也可通过智能终端选择主工作通路50制冷、不储备冷媒的模式。示例性地，在控制单元接收到用户发送的停止储备的指令时，控制单元90可控制第二调节阀32和/或第二电动截止阀71关闭，以将蓄能器72与压缩机10的出口断开。
在控制单元90接收到来自智能终端的制冷指令时，控制单元90可先获取当前时间，在控制单元90根据获取的当前时间确定处于用电高峰期时，控制单元90根据预先设置的用电高峰期制冷优先级触发蓄能器72向储备通路70的室内换热支路79提供冷媒以进行制冷，在确定蓄能器72储备的冷媒释放完成后触发主工作通路50进行制冷。其中，用电高峰期制冷优先级可由用户根据自身情况来设置。在用电高峰期通过主工作通路50进行制冷时，可控制第二调节阀32和/或第二电动截止阀71关闭，以将蓄能器72与压缩机10的出口断开，利于确保主工作通路50的工作可靠性。
需要说明的是：在用电高峰期，本实施例的实现方式并不限于此，本实施例此处只是举例说明。例如，在控制单元90根据获取的当前时间确定处于用电高峰期时，控制单元90可先获取用户的用电情况，根据用户当前的用电量与限制用电量的差值来确定触发蓄能器72向储备 通路70的室内换热支路79提供冷媒以进行制冷或触发主工作通路50进行制冷；具体地，用户当前的用电量与限制用电量的差值大于预设差值时，控制单元90可触发主工作通路50进行制冷，在控制单元90确定用户当前的用电量与限制用电量的差值减小至预设差值时，触发蓄能器72向储备通路70的室内换热支路79提供冷媒以进行制冷。又例如，控制单元90可根据用户启用的用电设备的情况来确定触发蓄能器72向储备通路70的室内换热支路79提供冷媒以进行制冷或触发主工作通路50进行制冷；具体地，在用户启动的用电设备的整体耗电量达到预设耗电量时，控制单元90可触发蓄能器72向储备通路70的室内换热支路79提供冷媒以进行制冷，在用户启动的用电设备的整体耗电量低于预设耗电量时，控制单元90可触发主工作通路50进行制冷。
本示例中，在用电高峰期，在接收到用户的制冷指令时，通过优先启用蓄能器72向储备通路70的室内换热支路79提供冷媒以进行制冷，能够减少空调系统的耗电量，利于延长空调系统的使用时间，满足用户较长时间内的制冷需求，且利于延长用户达到限制用电量的时间或避免用户达到限制用电量。对于分时段计价的地区来说，还利于降低用电成本。
本实施例提供的空调系统，其储备通路70的蓄能器72能够在非用电高峰期储备冷媒且对冷媒进行冷却，在用电高峰期时，控制单元90能够根据制冷指令触发蓄能器72向储备通路70的室内换热支路79提供冷却的冷媒以进行制冷，如此，既能确保空调系统的制冷效果，还利于降低空调系统在用电高峰期的耗电量，利于延长空调系统的使用时间，较好地满足用户的制冷需求。
在上述任一示例的基础上，蓄能器72包括多个。例如，蓄能器72可以包括两个、三个或三个以上，具体可以根据实际需要来设置。例如，在空调系统所制冷的区域面积相对较大时，可相对设置较多数量的蓄能器72，在空调系统所制冷的区域面积相对较小时，可相对设置较少数量的蓄能器72。又例如，在温度相对较高的地域，对制冷需求更强烈，可相对设置较多数量的蓄能器72；在其它地域，可相对设置较少数量的蓄能器72。多个蓄能器72可并排设置。多个蓄能器72的储备量可相同或不同，或，多个蓄能器72中有部分蓄能器72的储备量相同。
在其中一种可能实现方式中，沿远离第二调节阀32出口的方向，多个蓄能器72的压力上限值依次递增。相邻的蓄能器72之间连接有顺序阀73，顺序阀73的开启压力等于与其相邻的且更为靠近第二调节阀32出口的压力上限值，以利于各蓄能器72按顺序储备冷媒。
以蓄能器72有两个为例，其中一蓄能器72相对靠近第二调节阀32出口，另一蓄能器72相对远离第二调节阀32出口，该两个蓄能器72之间则设置有顺序阀73，在控制单元90根据储备制冷控制储备通路70储备冷媒时，来自压缩机10的冷媒先进入相对靠近第二调节阀32出口的蓄能器72，在该蓄能器72的实际压力值达到其压力上限值时，顺序阀73入口处的压力也达到了其开启压力，顺序阀73打开，来自压缩机10的冷媒则进入相对远离第二调节阀32出口的蓄能器72进行储备。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，空调系统的储备通路70还包括：压力传感器，压力传感器设置于蓄能器，压力传感器与控制单元90电连接；压力传感器用于检测蓄能器72内的实际压力值，控制单元90还用于在根据压力传感器的检测结果确定各蓄能器72的实际压力值达到相应压力上限值时，触发第二电动截止阀71关闭，且触发控制单元90根据主工作通路50的制冷需求确定压缩机10以第二负荷运行，第二负荷小于或等于第一负荷。控制单元90还用于在在根据压力传感器的检测结果确定各蓄能器72的实际压力值降低至相应压力下限值时，触发第一电动截止阀77将蓄能器72与储备通路70的室内换热支路79断开。
其中，在蓄能器72为多个时，控制单元90控制第二电动截止阀71打开以使蓄能器72储备冷媒时，多个蓄能器72可同时储备或按照预先设置的顺序依次储备冷媒，具体可根据实际需要来设置。一蓄能器72为3个为例，3个蓄能器72的入口可与电动三通阀并联，控制单元90用于控制电动三通阀将其中一个蓄能器72与第二调节阀32导通，以使得能够多个蓄能器72逐个储备冷媒。
在其中一种可能的实现方式中，空调系统的储备通路70还包括：第一压力继电器74，第一压力继电器74连接于多个蓄能器72中更为远离第二调节阀32出口的蓄能器72，第一压力继电器74用于在与其连接的蓄能器72的实际压力值达到相应压力上限值时，触发第二调节 阀32关闭以将蓄能器72与压缩机10断开，且触发控制单元90根据主工作通路50调整压缩机10的负荷，通常来说，控制单元90根据主工作通路50调低压缩机10的负荷。
可选地，空调系统还包括仪表，仪表与压力传感器或控制单元90电连接，仪表用于显示蓄能器当前的压力值。或者，控制单元90用于将压力传感器的检测结果发送至用户侧的智能终端进行显示。如此，利于用户及时了解各蓄能器的储备情况，同时还利于快速且准确地确定空调系统的故障点。举例来说，在用电高峰期，在用户根据仪表或智能终端显示的压力情况确定蓄能器的冷媒未释放完成，但是储备支路70不能进行制冷时，则确定第二调节阀32和/或第二电动截止阀71故障。
空调系统的储备通路70还包括：第二压力继电器75及第一单向阀76，第二压力继电器75连接于多个蓄能器72中更为靠近第二调节阀32出口的蓄能器72，多个蓄能器72中的其它蓄能器72通过第一单向阀76与储备通路70的室内换热支路79连接；其中，第二压力继电器75用于在与其连接的蓄能器72的实际压力值降低至相应压力下限值时，触发第二电动截止阀71将蓄能器72与储备通路70的室内换热支路79断开。
具体实现时，压力传感器和压力继电器74、75可同时工作，以确保储备通路的工作可靠性及空调系统的安全性。具体实现时，压力传感器和压力继电器74、75可协同工作，以确保储备通路的工作可靠性及空调系统的安全性。具体实现时，储备支路30可设置压力传感器与压力继电器35中一个，以降低成本；为了确保各制冷功能的可靠性，储备支路30可同时设置有压力传感器及压力继电器35，压力传感器及压力继电器35可协同工作。例如，可以压力继电器74、75为主，然而在压力传感器检测到蓄能器72内的实际压力值达到压力上限值且持续设定时间时，控制单元70可直接触发第二电动截止阀71关闭，且控制单元还可发出相应提示以利于及时对压力继电器等部件进行检修；相应地，在压力传感器检测到蓄能器72内的实际压力值降低至压力下限值且持续设定时间时，控制单元70可直接触发第一电动截止阀77关闭，且控制单元还可发出相应提示以利于快速且准确地找到空调系统的故障点。
图3是本发明一实施例中，空调系统通过蓄能器储备冷媒进行制冷时冷媒的流向示意图；图5是本发明另一实施例中，空调系统通过蓄能器储备冷媒进行制冷时冷媒的流向示意图。如图1至图5所示，以蓄能器72为三个为例，对本实施例中储备通路70的结构及实现过程进行举例说明。其中，三个蓄能器分别为72-1、72-2、72-3；相应地，顺序阀73为两个，分别为73-1、73-2；第一单向阀76为两个，分别为76-1、76-2。以蓄能器72-1的压力上限值为P 1、蓄能器72-2的压力上限值为P 2、蓄能器72-3的压力上限值为P 3为例，也就是说，P 1<P 2<P 3；相应地，顺序阀73-1的开启压力可等于蓄能器72-1的压力上限值P 1，顺序阀73-2的开启压力可等于蓄能器72-2的压力上限值P 2。
需要说明的是：本示例中的顺序阀也可以由其它具备压力控制功能的阀门来代替，本示例中的顺序阀还可以由压力传感器和电动截止阀组合的方式来代替。
控制单元90在非用电高峰期时接收到制冷指令时，控制单元90可确定第一调节阀31的开度及第二调节阀32的开度，且触发将压缩机10与主工作通路50导通以使得主工作通路50开始制冷，触发将压缩机10与蓄能器72导通以使得蓄能器72开始储备冷媒；其中，冷媒的流向如图1或图4中的直线箭头所示。在储备冷媒的过程中，以各蓄能器72均未储备满为例：来自压缩机10的冷媒先进入蓄能器72-1，在蓄能器72-1的实际压力值达到其压力上限值P 1时，顺序阀73-1入口处的压力也达到了其开启压力，顺序阀73-1打开，来自压缩机10的冷媒则进入蓄能器72-2，在蓄能器72-2的实际压力值达到其压力上限值P 2时，顺序阀73-2入口处的压力也达到了其开启压力，顺序阀73-2打开，来自压缩机10的冷媒则进入蓄能器72-3，在蓄能器72-3的实际压力值达到其压力上限值P 3时，则触发第一压力继电器74发出电信号，进而将第二电动截止阀71关闭，且控制单元90根据主工作通路50的需求调整压缩机10的负荷。
可以理解的是：在开始储备冷媒时，若蓄能器72-1的实际压力值已达到其压力上限值P 1时，则顺序阀73-1入口处的压力也达到了其开启压力，顺序阀73-1打开，来自压缩机10的冷媒则进入蓄能器72-2开始储备。相应地，若蓄能器72-1的实际压力值已达到其压力上限值P 1，且蓄能器72-2的实际压力值达到其压力上限值P 2时，则顺序阀73-1 及顺序阀73-2均打开，来自压缩机10的冷媒则进入蓄能器72-3。若，蓄能器72-1的实际压力值已达到其压力上限值P 1，蓄能器72-2的实际压力值达到其压力上限值P 2，且蓄能器72-3的实际压力值达到其压力上限值P 3，则触发第一压力继电器74发出电信号，进而将第二电动截止阀71关闭，控制单元90根据主工作通路50的需求调整压缩机10的负荷。
控制单元90在用电高峰期，且确定主工作通路50未制冷时，根据制冷指令控制第一电动截止阀77打开，使得蓄能器72储备的冷媒能够进入室内换热支路79以实现制冷，冷媒的走向如图3或图5所示；在该过程中，压缩机10处于关闭状态。具体地，蓄能器72-2储备的冷媒经过第一单向阀76-1、第一电动截止阀77、第二节流装置78进入室内换热支路79，蓄能器72-3储备的冷媒经过第一单向阀76-2、第一电动截止阀77、第二节流装置78进入室内换热支路79，蓄能器72-1储备的冷媒经过第一电动截止阀77、第二节流装置78进入室内换热支路79，冷媒在室内换热支路79换热之后变成气态，气态的冷媒则进入储气容器80；其中，在压缩机10启动之后，储气容器80中气态的冷媒则可经第二单向阀81进入压缩机10继续使用。在各蓄能器72储备的冷媒释放完时，蓄能器72-1的实际压力值则降低至压力下限值P 0，此时则触发第二压力继电器75发出电信号，进而触发第一电动截止阀77关闭，储备制冷通路停止制冷。此时，可根据客户需求，空调系统停止制冷，或者空调系统的主工作通路50进行制冷。
在其它示例中，各蓄能器72中可设置有压力传感器，各压力传感器可与控制单元90电连接。在控制单元90接收到储备指令时，在控制单元90的控制下，电动二通阀及第二电动截止阀71将压缩机10与蓄能器72导通，来自压缩机10的冷媒可依次进入各蓄能器72或可同时进入各蓄能器72，具体可根据实际需要来设置；根据各蓄能器72的压力传感器，在各蓄能器72的实际压力达到相应的压力上限值时，控制单元90控制压缩机10停止工作。利用蓄能器72储备的冷媒实现制冷的过程可与前述示例相似，本实施例此处不再赘述。
下面对本实施例提供的空调系统的各工作状态进行举例说明。
当在非用电高峰期如上午九点至十点使用空调进行制冷时，控制单元90压缩机10满负荷运行，控制单元90控制第二电动截止阀71 得电打开、第一电动截止阀77失电常闭，冷媒沿着图1或图4中直线箭头所示意的方向流动，冷媒分为两路分别通过第一调节阀31进入主工作通路50和通过第二调节阀32进入储备通路70。在主工作通路50中，冷媒依次经过第一调节阀31、室外换热器51、第一节流装置52、室内换热支路53、第三单向阀54，然后回到压缩机10，进行制冷工作。
在保证主工作通路50冷媒需求量的前提下，第二调节阀32依据第一调节阀31的开度大小调节开度，过剩了的冷媒通过第二调节阀32、第二电动截止阀71进入蓄能器72进行储备，也即过剩了的冷媒进入储备通路70进行储备。其中，主工作通路50的冷媒需求量可以为0；例如，在非用电高峰期也可以选择储备通路70储备冷媒、主工作通路50不制冷的模式，此时主工作通路50的冷媒需求量为0。
在储备冷媒时，从压缩机10流出的冷媒经第二调节阀32及第二电动截止阀71进入蓄能器72-1，当蓄能器72-1内的实际压力达到P1时，顺序阀73-1开启，冷媒进入蓄能器72-2，当蓄能器72-2的实际压力达到P2时，顺序阀73-2打开，冷媒进入蓄能器72-3，当蓄能器72-3的实际压力达到P3时，第一压力继电器74发出电信号，第二电动截止阀71关闭，控制器根据主工作通路50的制冷需求调整压缩机10的负荷，此时压缩机10可以不用满负荷运行。
当用户被停电时，用户可启动蓄电池以使蓄电池带动室内风扇进行送风以加速空气流动，手动打开手动截止阀83，蓄能器72中的冷媒经过第一单向阀76、手动截止阀83、第二节流装置78进入室内换热支路79以实现制冷目的，然后冷媒进入储气容器80存储。在该工作状态结束时，则需手动操作手动截止阀83将储备通路70的蓄能器72与室内换热支路79断开。
当用户在用电高峰期如十九点至二十一点使用空调系统进行制冷时，用户在通过智能终端发送制冷指令之后，控制单元90根据接收到的制冷指令可优先选择储备通路70进行制冷，此时压缩机10不工作。具体地，控制单元90控制第二电动截止阀71失电常闭、第一电动截止阀77得电打开，冷媒沿着图3或图5中虚线箭头流动，蓄能器72-2储备的冷媒经过第一单向阀76-1、第一电动截止阀77、第二节流装置78进入室内换热支路79，蓄能器72-3储备的冷媒经过第一单向阀76-2、第一电动截止阀77、第二节流装置78进入室内换热支路79，蓄能器 72-1储备的冷媒经过第一电动截止阀77、第二节流装置78进入室内换热支路79，冷媒在室内换热支路79换热之后变成气态，气态的冷媒则进入储气容器80进行储存。当蓄能器72-1内的实际压力降低至P 0时，说明储备制冷冷媒已释放完，第二压力继电器75发出电信号，第一电动截止阀77失电常闭，储备通路70制冷工作完成。若用户仍然有制冷需求，则空调系统可通过主工作通路50进行制冷。
需要说明的是：本实施例提供的空调系统的工作状态并不限于此，本实施例此处只是举例说明。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统包括：压缩机、主工作通路、储备通路、蓄电池及控制单元；所述主工作通路、储备通路分别连接于所述压缩机的出口；
    所述储备通路包括：至少一个蓄能器，所述蓄能器用于在将所述储备通路与所述压缩机的出口导通时储备冷媒且对冷媒进行冷却；
    所述控制单元用于在所述市电供电且处于非用电高峰期时触发所述蓄能器储备冷媒；
    所述蓄电池用于在用户被停电时为所述空调系统的室内风扇供电，使得所述储备通路提供至室内换热支路的冷媒能够进行制冷。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统还包括：手动截止阀，所述手动截止阀用于在外力作用下将所述储备通路的储能器与室内换热支路导通，以使所述蓄能器储备的冷媒经所述手动截止阀进入室内换热支路进行制冷。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统还包括：第一电动截止阀，所述第一电动截止阀连接于所述蓄能器与储备通路的室内换热支路之间，用于将所述蓄能器与储备通路的室内换热支路导通或断开；
    所述空调系统还包括：第二电动截止阀，所述第二电动截止阀连接于所述第二调节阀与蓄能器之间，用于将所述压缩机的出口与蓄能器导通或断开。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述蓄电池还用于为所述控制单元供电，以使所述控制单元能够在用户被断电时触发第一电动截止阀将所述蓄能器与储备通路的室内换热支路导通，所述蓄能器储备的冷媒经所述第一电动截止阀进入室内换热支路进行制冷。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统还包括：第一调节阀及第二调节阀；所述第一调节阀连接于所述压缩机的出口与所述主工作通路之间；所述第二调节阀连接于所述压缩机的出口与所述储备通路之间；控制单元与所述第一调节阀及第二调节阀电连接；
    所述控制单元用于在非用电高峰期且所述主工作通路进行制冷时，控制所述压缩机以第一负荷运行，且根据所述第一调节阀的开度控制所述第二调节阀的开度，以使由所述压缩机流出的部分冷媒能够经所述第二调节阀进入所述蓄能器进行储备；
    所述控制单元还用于在用电高峰期时，根据制冷指令触发所述蓄能器向所述储备通路的室内换热支路提供冷媒以进行制冷。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的蒸汽发生设备，其特征在于，所述第一调节阀的开度所对应的冷媒流量与所述第二调节阀的开度所对应的冷媒流量之和等于所述压缩机出口的冷媒流量。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述压缩机以第一负荷运行，包括：所述压缩机满负荷运行；
    和/或，所述储备通路的室内换热支路与主工作通路的室内换热支路独立设置。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7任一项所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统还包括：压力传感器，所述压力传感器设置于所述蓄能器，所述压力传感器与所述控制单元电连接；所述压力传感器用于检测所述蓄能器内的实际压力值，所述控制单元还用于在根据所述压力传感器的检测结果确定各蓄能器的实际压力值达到相应压力上限值时，触发第二电动截止阀关闭，且触发所述控制单元根据所述主工作通路确定所述压缩机以第二负荷运行，所述第二负荷小于所述第一负荷；
    所述控制单元还用于在在根据所述压力传感器的检测结果确定各蓄能器的实际压力值降低至相应压力下限值时，触发第一电动截止阀所述蓄能器与储备通路的室内换热支路断开。
  9. 根据权利要求5-8任一项所述的空调系统，其特征在于，所述空调系统还包括：第一压力继电器，所述第一压力继电器连接于多个蓄能器中更为远离第二调节阀出口的蓄能器，所述第一压力继电器用于在与其连接的蓄能器的实际压力值达到相应压力上限值时，触发第二电动截止阀关闭，且触发所述控制单元根据所述主工作通路确定所述压缩机以第二负荷运行，所述第二负荷小于或等于所述第一负荷；
    所述空调系统还包括：第二压力继电器及第一单向阀，所述第二压力继电器连接于多个蓄能器中更为靠近第二调节阀出口的蓄能器，多个蓄能器中的其它蓄能器通过第一单向阀与所述储备通路的室内换 热支路连接；所述第二压力继电器用于在与其连接的蓄能器的实际压力值降低至相应压力下限值时，触发第一电动截止阀将所述蓄能器与储备通路的室内换热支路断开。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的蒸汽发生设备，其特征在于，所述蓄能器包括多个，沿远离第二调节阀出口的方向，多个所述蓄能器的压力上限值依次递增；相邻的所述蓄能器之间连接有顺序阀，所述顺序阀的开启压力等于与其相邻的且更为靠近第二调节阀出口的压力上限值；
    和/或，所述空调系统还包括：储气容器及第二单向阀，所述储气容器的入口连接于所述储备通路的室内换热支路，所述储气容器的出口通过所述第二单向阀与所述压缩机连接。
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