WO2022257293A1 - 一种u型结构聚磁式永磁电机 - Google Patents

一种u型结构聚磁式永磁电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022257293A1
WO2022257293A1 PCT/CN2021/118494 CN2021118494W WO2022257293A1 WO 2022257293 A1 WO2022257293 A1 WO 2022257293A1 CN 2021118494 W CN2021118494 W CN 2021118494W WO 2022257293 A1 WO2022257293 A1 WO 2022257293A1
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Prior art keywords
stator
mover
magnetic
permanent magnet
shaped structure
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PCT/CN2021/118494
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
顾聪
盛田田
张云龙
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苏州赛得尔智能科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022257293A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022257293A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
    • H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet motors, in particular to a U-shaped structure magnetism-concentrating permanent magnet motor.
  • Linear motors can directly generate linear motion based on the working principle of traditional rotary motors. They are suitable for working conditions such as long strokes, high precision, high dynamic response, and long life. They have become more and more popular in the market in recent years.
  • the mainstream solution of linear motor usually adopts permanent magnet linear motor.
  • the working principle of the traditional permanent magnet linear motor is to place a permanent magnet on the stator, and place a coil winding on the mover.
  • a frequency converter or driver is used to pass three-phase or multi-phase alternating current to the coil winding, thrust is generated.
  • most of the permanent magnet linear motors produced by all manufacturers have the following five defects:
  • the price is extremely expensive: the stator is covered with N-S alternating permanent magnets, because the main components of the permanent magnets are NdFeB or SmCo, which are rare earth materials, which are expensive and scarce, and the stator is covered with rare earth permanent magnets.
  • the price is extremely expensive in long-distance occasions;
  • Electromagnetic interference the permanent magnet on the stator will generate a strong magnetic field around it, which will interfere with the normal operation of the surrounding electronic components, resulting in limited application in the field of precision detection in the 3C industry;
  • patent 202110550150.X reports a magnet-concentrating direct-drive permanent magnet motor, which has higher power density and can generate thrust higher than that of traditional surface-mounted permanent magnet linear motors.
  • the present invention designs a U-shaped magnetic-concentration permanent magnet motor.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a U-shaped structure magnetism-concentrating permanent magnet motor, which includes two major components, the mover and the stator, and is characterized in that the stator is a U-shaped structure, and the mover is embedded There is a certain air gap between the stator and the stator.
  • the stator includes the stator core and the stator magnetic gathering unit.
  • the mover includes the winding, the mover iron core, and the mover magnetic gathering unit.
  • the complete mover consists of no less than Consists of 2 mover units, 1 mover unit contains 1 set of windings, 1 mover iron core and no less than 1 mover magnetic gathering unit, the mover magnetic gathering unit has an O-shaped structure, consisting of no less than 4
  • the magnetization direction of all permanent magnets points to the center of the mover magnetism gathering unit or outward along the center of the mover magnetism gathering unit, and there is a certain width between each permanent magnet in the mover magnetism gathering unit.
  • each mover magnetic gathering unit also maintains a certain width of the mover core material
  • the stator core is a U-shaped structure
  • the stator core has a number of stator teeth and stator slots along the direction of motion Arrangement
  • each stator slot is equipped with a set of stator magnetic gathering unit
  • the stator magnetic gathering unit is composed of 2 permanent magnets
  • the magnetization direction of the 2 permanent magnets is opposite magnetization or opposite magnetization
  • the magnetization between the stator teeth The design principle of the spacing distance is: when the stator teeth on a certain side are aligned with the permanent magnets located in the middle of a certain mover magnetic concentration unit, the stator teeth on both sides of the stator teeth are aligned with the mover magnetic concentration unit.
  • the soft magnetic material on one side is aligned or approximately aligned, and the stator teeth on the other side are partially aligned or approximately aligned with the mover iron core material between the permanent magnets in the magnetic concentrating unit.
  • the mover and stator in the present invention can be used interchangeably.
  • the stator usually uses magnetically permeable materials, while the stator can use non-magnetically permeable materials to form a coreless mover structure to obtain a lighter mover quality. Get higher acceleration.
  • the present invention can also produce many types of variant motors.
  • the mover and stator are transformed into a closed structure along the circumferential direction, which can be used as a rotating permanent magnet motor, and all main features are retained.
  • the stator and rotor of the motor, and the stator and rotor can also be used interchangeably.
  • the present invention can be modified into a stator without a magnetic track structure, which has lower cost and is more suitable for long-distance traveling occasions.
  • the mover cancels the teeth and yoke, has a smaller volume and mass, and can achieve higher ultimate acceleration;
  • the arrangement of the permanent magnets in the mover has a strong magnetic concentration effect, which can significantly improve the working point of the magnetic circuit.
  • the overall width of the motor is smaller, which is more suitable for narrow installation environments
  • Fig. 1 is the concrete example schematic diagram of two kinds of U-shaped structure permanent magnet linear motors of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of different structural forms and magnetization directions of the mover magnetic gathering unit of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetization direction of the stator magnetization unit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a plurality of mover magnetic gathering units contained in a single mover unit of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of different design modes of the stator tooth structure (before installing the stator permanent magnet) according to the present invention.
  • the stator includes two parts, the mover and the stator. It is characterized in that: the stator is a U-shaped structure, the mover is embedded in the stator, and there is a certain air gap between the stator and the stator.
  • the stator includes the stator core and the stator magnetic gathering unit, and the mover Including windings, mover cores, and mover magnetic gathering units, a complete mover consists of no less than 3 mover units, each mover unit contains 1 set of windings, 1 mover core and no less than 1 mover magnetism gathering unit, the mover magnetism gathering unit has an O-shaped structure, composed of 4 pieces of permanent magnets, the magnetization direction of all permanent magnets points to the center of the mover magnetism gathering unit, each permanent magnet in the mover magnetism gathering unit There is a certain width of mover core material between the magnets, and a certain width of mover core material between each mover magnetic gathering unit.
  • the stator core is a U-shaped structure, and there are several stator cores on the stator core.
  • the teeth (6) and the stator slots (7) are arranged along the direction of motion, and a set of stator magnetic gathering units are installed in each stator slot.
  • the stator magnetic gathering units are composed of 2 permanent magnets, and the magnetization direction of the 2 permanent magnets is In order to magnetize in opposite directions, the design principle for the distance between the stator teeth is: when the stator teeth on one side are aligned with the permanent magnets located in the middle of a mover magnetization unit, the stators on both sides of the stator teeth will The teeth are aligned or approximately aligned with the soft magnetic material on both sides of the mover magnetic concentration unit, and the stator teeth on the other side are aligned or approximately aligned with the mover iron core material between the permanent magnets in the magnetic concentration unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机，主要结构包括动子和定子两个部件，可以为直线电机或旋转电机。该电机的主要特点在于，定子(动子)为U型结构，动子(定子)嵌入于U型定子(动子)内部，并与U型定子(动子)保持一定气隙。动子与定子上具有多个按照特性安装方式所安装的永磁体，具有强聚磁效应，显著增大主磁路磁场工作点，并且降低了漏磁系数，进而在更小的体积重量下获取更大的推力密度，同时具备更低廉的成本和更简单的装配方式。另外，通过节省U型定子(动子)上的永磁体用量，可以将该电机简化为成本更低廉，装配更简单，更适用于长行程场合的定子(动子)无磁轨电机结构。

Description

一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机 技术领域
本发明涉及的是永磁电机技术领域，具体涉及一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机。
 背景技术
近些年来，随着智能机器人、高端机床、3C行业、激光切割、液晶面板、锂电行业的快速发展，对于高速度、高精度、以及长行程直线行进的应用场合，基于丝杆或皮带传动的滑动型直线运动系统，已经难以满足实际应用需求。直线电机可以再基于传统旋转电机工作原理的基础上，直接产生直线运动，适合长行程，高精度，高动态响应，高寿命等工况，近年来越发受到市场的青睐。
目前直线电机主流方案通常采用永磁直线电机。传统永磁直线电机的工作原理为在定子上放置永磁体，在动子上放置线圈绕组，当采用变频器或驱动器为线圈绕组通入三相或多相交流电，从而产生推力。目前所有厂商生产的永磁直线电机大部分存在以下五个缺陷：
(1) 功率密度受限：现有直线电机普遍采用定子永磁体表贴式结构，功率密度已难以进一步提高；
(2) 价格极其昂贵：定子上铺满N-S交替的永磁体，因为永磁体的主要成分铷铁硼或钐钴，均为稀土材料，成本高昂且稀缺，在定子上铺满稀土永磁体，应用于长行程场合时价格及其昂贵；
(3)安装运输附加成本高：永磁体会在周围产生强大的磁场，在定子的制作过程中需要做特殊的隔磁防护罩，进一步增加成本；
(4)电机寿命短：定子上的强磁场在电机运行时，会吸引铁屑，灰尘进电机，影响电机寿命。虽然一些厂家会在防尘上采用手段，如采用屏蔽罩、风琴罩等防尘措施，但此举无疑会增加电机成本；
(5)产生电磁干扰：定子上的永磁体会在周围产生强力磁场，会干扰周围电子元器件的正常运行，导致在3C行业的精密检测领域应用受限；
(6)安全隐患大：强力永磁体在电机的搬运，安装和使用过程中，若操作不当，会导致工人受伤。
为解决上述问题，专利202110550150.X报道了一种聚磁式直驱永磁电机，该类电机具有更大的功率密度大，可以产生高于传统表贴式永磁直线电机的推力。为了进一步提升功率密度，降低成本，减小体积重量，本发明设计了一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机。
 技术问题
为了进一步提升功率密度，降低成本，减小体积重量。
 技术解决方案
针对现有技术上存在的不足，本发明目的是在于提供一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机，包括动子与定子两大部件，其特征在于：定子为U型结构，动子嵌装与定子内部，并与定子之间保有一定气隙，定子包括定子铁芯与定子聚磁单元，动子包括绕组、动子铁芯、以及动子聚磁单元，完整的动子由不少于2个动子单元构成，1个动子单元包含1套绕组，1个动子铁芯以及不少于1个动子聚磁单元，动子聚磁单元呈O型结构，由不少于4个永磁体构成，所有永磁体的充磁方向指向动子聚磁单元中心处或沿动子聚磁单元中心处向外，动子聚磁单元中每个永磁体之间均保有一定宽度的动子铁芯材料，每个动子聚磁单元之间也均保有一定宽度的动子铁芯材料，定子铁芯为U型结构，定子铁芯上具有若干定子齿部和定子槽部沿运动方向排列，每个定子槽内安装有1组定子聚磁单元，定子聚磁单元由2个永磁体构成，该2个永磁体充磁方向为相向充磁或相反充磁，定子齿部之间的间隔距离所遵循设计原则为：当某一侧定子齿部与位于某个动子聚磁单元中间的永磁体对齐时，该定子齿部两侧的定子齿部则与该动子聚磁单元两侧的软磁材料对齐或近似对齐，另一侧定子齿部则与该聚磁单元中永磁体之间的动子铁芯材料部分对齐或近似对齐。本发明中的动子与定子可以互换使用，另外，定子通常采用导磁材料，而定子则可以采用非导磁材料，构成无铁芯动子结构，以获取更轻的动子质量，进而获取更高加速度。
本发明还可以产生多类变种电机，例如，将动子与定子改造成沿周向闭合结构，可以作为旋转永磁电机使用，所有主要特征均保留，此时原动子与定子分别变为旋转电机的定子与转子，定子与转子也可以互换使用。另外，还可以通过省略U型定子上所安装的永磁体，本发明可变种为定子无磁轨结构，具备更低廉的成本，更适用于长行程行进场合。
 有益效果
本发明具有以下有益效果：
1. 动子取消了齿部与轭部，具有更小的体积与质量，可实现更高的极限加速度；
2. 动子中永磁体排布方式具有很强的聚磁效应，能够显著提高磁路工作点。
3. 电机整体宽度更小，更适用于狭窄的安装环境；
4. 动子与定子之间左右两侧磁吸力相互抵消，因此不存在额外磁吸力，固有摩擦力大大减小。
 附图说明
下面结合附图和一种具体实施示例来详细说明本发明；
图1为本发明的两种U型结构永磁直线电机具体实例示意图；
图2为本发明动子聚磁单元不同结构形式与充磁方向的示意图；
图3为本发明定子聚磁单元充磁方向的示意图；
图4为本发明单个动子单元中含有多个动子聚磁单元的示意图；
图5为本发明定子齿结构(安装定子永磁体前)不同设计方式示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合一种本发明的具体实施实例来进一步阐述本发明。
包括动子与定子两大部件，其特征在于：定子为U型结构，动子嵌装与定子内部，并与定子之间保有一定气隙，定子包括定子铁芯与定子聚磁单元，动子包括绕组、动子铁芯、以及动子聚磁单元，完整的动子由不少于3个动子单元构成，每个动子单元包含1套绕组，1个动子铁芯以及不少于1个动子聚磁单元，动子聚磁单元呈O型结构，由4片永磁体构成，所有永磁体的充磁方向指向动子聚磁单元中心处，动子聚磁单元中每个永磁体之间均保有一定宽度的动子铁芯材料，每个动子聚磁单元之间也均保有一定宽度的动子铁芯材料，定子铁芯为U型结构，定子铁芯上具有若干定子齿部(6)和定子槽(7)部沿运动方向排列，每个定子槽内安装有1组定子聚磁单元，定子聚磁单元由2个永磁体构成，该2个永磁体充磁方向为相向充磁，定子齿部之间的间隔距离所遵循设计原则为：当某一侧定子齿部与位于某个动子聚磁单元中间的永磁体对齐时，该定子齿部两侧的定子齿部则与该动子聚磁单元两侧的软磁材料对齐或近似对齐，另一侧定子齿部则与该聚磁单元中永磁体之间的动子铁芯材料部分对齐或近似对齐。
述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，除上述说明所提到的变种电机类型外，本发明还会有更多变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机，包括动子与定子两大部件，其特征在于：定子为U型结构，动子嵌装与定子内部，并与定子之间保有一定气隙，定子包括定子铁芯(1)与定子聚磁单元(2)，动子包括绕组(3)、动子铁芯(4)、以及动子聚磁单元(5)，完整的动子由不少于2个动子单元构成，1个动子单元包含1套绕组，1个动子铁芯以及不少于1个动子聚磁单元，动子聚磁单元呈O型结构，由不少于4个永磁体构成，所有永磁体的充磁方向指向动子聚磁单元中心处或沿动子聚磁单元中心处向外，动子聚磁单元中每个永磁体之间均保有一定宽度的动子铁芯材料，每个动子聚磁单元之间也均保有一定宽度的动子铁芯材料，定子铁芯为U型结构，定子铁芯上具有若干定子齿部(6)和定子槽(7)部沿运动方向排列，每个定子槽内安装有1组定子聚磁单元，定子聚磁单元由2个永磁体构成，该2个永磁体充磁方向为相向充磁或相反充磁，定子齿部之间的间隔距离所遵循设计原则为：当某一侧定子齿部与位于某个动子聚磁单元中间的永磁体对齐时，该定子齿部两侧的定子齿部则与该动子聚磁单元两侧的软磁材料对齐或近似对齐，另一侧定子齿部则与该聚磁单元中永磁体之间的动子铁芯材料部分对齐或近似对齐。
  2. 权利要求1所述的一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机，其特征在于，定子铁心为软磁材料，动子铁芯可以为软磁材料或非导磁材料。
  3. 权利要求1所述的一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机，其特征在于，动子与定子可以互换使用。
  4. 权利要求1所述的一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机，其特征在于，可以省略U型定子铁芯(或动子铁芯)上所安装永磁体，构成定子无磁轨结构，以降低成本。
  5. 权利要求1所述的一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机，其特征在于，定子齿部形状可以为任意规则或非规则形状，定子齿部结构可以为直齿结构或斜齿结构。
  6. 权利要求1所述的一种U型结构聚磁式永磁电机，其特征在于，将动子与定子改造成沿周向闭合结构，可以作为旋转永磁电机使用，所有主要特征均保留，此时原动子与定子分别变为旋转电机的定子与转子，定子与转子可以互换使用。
PCT/CN2021/118494 2021-06-07 2021-09-15 一种u型结构聚磁式永磁电机 WO2022257293A1 (zh)

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CN202110629238.0A CN113328601A (zh) 2021-06-07 2021-06-07 一种u型结构聚磁式永磁电机
CN202110629238.0 2021-06-07

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CN115065213A (zh) * 2022-06-23 2022-09-16 苏州赛得尔智能科技有限公司 永磁电机
CN115833520B (zh) * 2022-11-28 2024-05-28 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 一种U型Halbach复合永磁游标无磁轨直线电机

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