WO2022256358A1 - Process for preparing medicaments - Google Patents
Process for preparing medicaments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022256358A1 WO2022256358A1 PCT/US2022/031685 US2022031685W WO2022256358A1 WO 2022256358 A1 WO2022256358 A1 WO 2022256358A1 US 2022031685 W US2022031685 W US 2022031685W WO 2022256358 A1 WO2022256358 A1 WO 2022256358A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- afford
- mol
- chloro
- nitroso
- difluoromethoxy
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- -1 3-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine hydrochloride Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZWVHTXAYIKBMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyacetophenone Chemical class OCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZWVHTXAYIKBMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical group CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JVVRJMXHNUAPHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-pyrazol-5-amine Chemical compound NC=1C=CNN=1 JVVRJMXHNUAPHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NOBWYVALEWRNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-nitroso-1h-pyrazole Chemical compound O=NC=1C=CNN=1 NOBWYVALEWRNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000018 nitroso group Chemical group N(=O)* 0.000 claims description 2
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 4
- GFQGPLNAPUIFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-amine Chemical compound ClC=1C=CC(=C(C1)C1=C(C=NN1)N)OC(F)F GFQGPLNAPUIFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- XTGCUDZCCIRWHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)ethanone Chemical group CC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1O XTGCUDZCCIRWHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims 1
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- IOCGMLSHRBHNCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethoxy(difluoro)methane Chemical compound FC(F)OC(F)F IOCGMLSHRBHNCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002832 nitroso derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940122245 Janus kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 12
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butoxycarbonyl anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003821 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si](C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C(OC([H])([H])[*])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010024121 Janus Kinases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000015617 Janus Kinases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- RIUAVEDZTDAIBO-LNKPDPKZSA-M [O-]/C=C\C(C(C=C(C=C1)Cl)=C1OC(F)F)=O.[Na+] Chemical compound [O-]/C=C\C(C(C=C(C=C1)Cl)=C1OC(F)F)=O.[Na+] RIUAVEDZTDAIBO-LNKPDPKZSA-M 0.000 description 3
- RROBIDXNTUAHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphanium Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(O[P+](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N(C)C)N=NC2=C1 RROBIDXNTUAHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound O.CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Substances CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XORHNJQEWQGXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitro-1h-pyrazole Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C=1C=NNC=1 XORHNJQEWQGXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTNAUXLLSWMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]-4-nitroso-1H-pyrazole Chemical compound FC(F)Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1-c1[nH]ncc1N=O LTNAUXLLSWMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKMUNRBJAXAWEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(C)C(CN(C=C1N)N=C1C(C=C(C=C1)Cl)=C1OC(F)F)=O Chemical compound CN(C)C(CN(C=C1N)N=C1C(C=C(C=C1)Cl)=C1OC(F)F)=O UKMUNRBJAXAWEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-BQYQJAHWSA-N diethyl azodicarboxylate Substances CCOC(=O)\N=N\C(=O)OCC FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonyliminocarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)N=NC(=O)OCC FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine hydrate Chemical compound O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl n-propan-2-yloxycarbonyliminocarbamate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N=NC(=O)OC(C)C VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(O)N=NC2=C1 ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPMUCEHKIZKHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC(F)F BPMUCEHKIZKHPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001478 1-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004776 1-fluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- QPIOVNJLOVNTMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-n,n-dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)CBr QPIOVNJLOVNTMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005999 2-bromoethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001340 2-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- HQWDKLAIDBOLFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-fluoro-1-methylpyridin-1-ium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound C[N+]1=CC=CC=C1F.CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 HQWDKLAIDBOLFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004777 2-fluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003512 Claisen condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 101000844245 Homo sapiens Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
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- BOGSOFADOWIECK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].C=1C=NNC=1 Chemical compound [N].C=1C=NNC=1 BOGSOFADOWIECK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001584 benzyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 1
- HTJWUNNIRKDDIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(1-adamantyl)-butylphosphane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC(C3)CC2CC13P(CCCC)C1(C2)CC(C3)CC2CC3C1 HTJWUNNIRKDDIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMNKXPULIDJLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)Cl UMNKXPULIDJLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099364 dichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004995 haloalkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxybenzotriazole Substances O=C1C=CC=C2NNN=C12 NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKDQKPLMQBXTNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-2h-pyridin-1-amine Chemical compound CN(C)N1CC=CC=C1 OKDQKPLMQBXTNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RIVIDPPYRINTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CCNC(C)C RIVIDPPYRINTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009935 nitrosation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007034 nitrosation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013386 optimize process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethyl ester of formic acid Natural products O=COCC1=CC=CC=C1 UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108060006633 protein kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000019491 signal transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000042286 type I cytokine receptor family Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091052247 type I cytokine receptor family Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000042287 type II cytokine receptor family Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091052254 type II cytokine receptor family Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
- C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D231/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D231/38—Nitrogen atoms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and improved process for the preparation of synthetic intermediates useful for the synthesis of medicaments including JAK kinases of formula 1.
- One object of the present invention is an improved process, which efficiently implemented on commercial scale.
- Janus kinases including JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2, are cytoplasmic protein kinases that associate with type I and type II cytokine receptors and regulate cytokine signal transduction. Cytokine pathways mediate a broad range of biological functions, including many aspects of inflammation and immunity.
- the invention affords (z) a sequential difluoromethylation and Claisen condensation to afford enolate 4 without isolation of the intermediate, (//) one-pot nitrosation of 4 followed by condensation with hydrazine to form nitrosopyrazole 6, and (zzz) subsequent reduction of the nitroso group using sodium borohydride and catalytic copper(I) chloride to produce target compound 7.
- the optimized process delivered highly pure 7 (99.9 A% by HPLC) in overall 28% yield over 5 steps.
- the aminopyrazole intermediate 7 can be condensed with pyrazolo[l,5-a]pyrimidine-3- carboxylic acid a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid (II) to afford 2-(4-amino-3-(5-chloro-2- (difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-lH-pyrazol-l-yl)-N,N-dimethylacetamide (III) and N-alkylated with N,N-dimethyl-bromoacetamide to afford I.
- a or “an” entity refers to one or more of that entity; for example, a compound refers to one or more compounds or at least one compound.
- a compound refers to one or more compounds or at least one compound.
- the terms “a” (or “an”), “one or more”, and “at least one” can be used interchangeably herein.
- the terms “comprise(s)” and “comprising” are to be interpreted as having an open-ended meaning. That is, the terms are to be interpreted synonymously with the phrases “having at least” or “including at least”.
- the term “comprising” means that the process includes at least the recited steps, but may include additional steps.
- the term “comprising” means that the compound or composition includes at least the recited features or components, but may also include additional features or components.
- a bond drawn into ring system indicates that the bond may be attached to any of the suitable ring atoms.
- optionally substituted means that the optionally substituted moiety may incorporate a hydrogen or a substituent.
- the term “treating”, “contacting” or “reacting” when referring to a chemical reaction means to add or mix two or more reagents under appropriate conditions to produce the indicated and/or the desired product. It should be appreciated that the reaction which produces the indicated and/or the desired product may not necessarily result directly from the combination of two reagents which were initially added, i.e., there may be one or more intermediates which are produced in the mixture which ultimately leads to the formation of the indicated and/or the desired product.
- An optionally substituted 2-hydroxyacetophenone refers to a compound which is optionally further substituted with one or two halogens, C 1-3 alkyl, Ci- 3 -alkoxy, Ci- 3 -haloalkoxy moieties.
- alkyl as used herein alone or in combination with other groups, denotes an unbranched or branched chain, saturated, monovalent hydrocarbon residue containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- lower alkyl denotes a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon residue containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Ci- 6 alkyl refers to an alkyl composed of 1 to 6 carbons.
- alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, neope
- haloalkyl denotes an alkyl group as defined above wherein at least one hydrogen atom is substituted by a halogen.
- Examples are 1-fluorom ethyl, 1 -chi orom ethyl, 1-bromom ethyl, 1- iodom ethyl, difluorom ethyl, trifluoromethyl, tri chi orom ethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 1-chloroethyl, 2- fluoroethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2-bromoethyl, 2,2-dichloroethyl, 3-bromopropyl or 2,2,2- trifluoroethyl.
- alkoxy as used herein means an -O-alkyl group, wherein alkyl is as defined above, such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, i-propyloxy, n-butyloxy, i-butyloxy, t- butyloxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, including their isomers.
- Lower alkoxy as used herein denotes an alkoxy group with a "lower alkyl” group as previously defined.
- Ci-io alkoxy refers to an-O-alkyl wherein alkyl is Ci-io.
- haloalkoxy refers to a group -OR where R is haloalkyl as defined herein.
- haloalkylthio refers to a group -SR where R is haloalkyl as defined herein.
- halogen or "halo” as used herein means fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
- halo halogen
- halide halogen
- Reduction of a nitro group to an amine can be accomplished with a metal reducing agent such as Fe, Sn or Zn, in a reaction inert solvent, e.g. MeOH, EtOH, EtOAc, benzene, toluene, xylene, o-dichlorobenzene, DCM, DCE, THF, dioxane, or mixtures thereof.
- a metal reducing agent such as Fe, Sn or Zn
- a reaction inert solvent e.g. MeOH, EtOH, EtOAc, benzene, toluene, xylene, o-dichlorobenzene, DCM, DCE, THF, dioxane, or mixtures thereof.
- the reducing reagent is Fe, Sn or Zn
- the reaction is carried out under acidic conditions in the presence of water.
- the reduction may be carried out by hydrogenation in the presence of a metal catalyst, e.g.
- nickel catalysts such as Raney nickel, palladium catalysts such as Pd/C, platinum catalysts such as PtCh, or ruthenium catalysts such as RuCh(Ph3P)3 under Eh atmosphere or in the presence of hydrogen sources such as hydrazine or formic acid. If desired, the reaction is carried out under acidic conditions, e.g, in the presence of HC1 or HOAc.
- Carboxylic acids can be can be activated with agents such as EDC, DCC, benzotriazol-1 - yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP), bromo-tris- pyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBrOP), or 2-fluoro-l-methylpyridinium p- toluenesulphonate (Mukaiyama's reagent with or without a base such NMM, TEA or DIPEA in an inert solvent such as dimethylformamide (DMF) or di chi orom ethane at temperatures between 0 °C and 60 °C.
- agents such as EDC, DCC, benzotriazol-1 - yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP), bromo-tris- pyrrolidinophosphonium he
- a reactor was charged with l-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)ethan-l-one (2, 135 kg, 791 mol, 100 mol%), 2-propanol (541 kg), aqueous sodium hydroxide (539 kg, 4043 mol, 511 mol%, 30 wt%), and heated to 49 °C.
- Dichlorofluoromethane (248 kg, 2410 mol, 305 mol%) was bubbled into the reaction mixture and heated at 49 °C for >20 min until reaction was complete ( ⁇ 0.5 A% HPLC).
- the mixture was cooled to 20 °C and filtered.
- the cake was washed with 2-propanol (135 kg), and the combined filtrates charged back into the reactor.
- the reactor was heated to 27 °C for 15 min, let stand for 40 min without stirring to achieve phase separation and the aqueous phase was drained.
- the remaining organic phase was concentrated to ⁇ 200 L under reduced pressure at 45 °C, toluene (652 kg) was charged and heated to 27 °C for 40 min.
- the mixture was filtered and the cake washed with toluene (132 kg).
- the combined filtrates were recharged into the reactor followed by a rinse with toluene (50 kg).
- the reactor content was concentrated to -200 L under reduced pressure at 45 °C, toluene (268 kg) was charged and the solution of l-(5- chloro-2-
- a reactor was charged with ethyl formate (159.0 kg, 2146 mol, 328 mol%), a solution of 1- (5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)ethan-l-one (3) in toluene (144.5 kg assay corrected from the precursor step, 655 mol, 100 mol%), toluene (392 kg), ethyl formate (10.0 kg, 135 mol, 21 mol%), and heated to 41 °C.
- a solution of NaOEt in EtOH 360.0 kg, 952 mol, 145 mol%, 18 wt%) and toluene (16 kg) was charged and heated to 46 °C for 4 h.
- HPLC analysis showed 2 to be 2.1 A%.
- the reactor content was concentrated to -1100 L at ⁇ 40 °C under reduced pressure, heptane (578 kg) was added and the mixture was concentrated to -800 L at ⁇ 40 °C under reduced pressure, heptane (346 kg) was added again and the mixture concentrated to -800 L at ⁇ 40 °C. This cycle was repeated 2 more times (using 346 kg of heptane each) followed by a last charge of heptane (340 kg). The reactor contents were then heated to 44 °C for 1 h, and cooled over 3 h to -3 °C, and stirred at this temperature for 2 h.
- a reactor was charged with formic acid (354 kg), acetonitrile (156 kg), water (44 kg) and cooled to -3 °C.
- Sodium (Z)-3-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-3-oxoprop-l-en-l- olate (4) (67.0 kg assay corrected, 248 mol, 100 mol%) was added in one charge, and a solution of aqueous NaNC (110 kg, 303 mol, 122 mol%, 19 wt%) was dosed into the solution over 1 h, followed by a rinse with water (4 kg), and stirred for 3 h. HPLC analysis showed 4 was undetected.
- the reactor was heated to 2 °C, aqueous hydrazine monohydrate (102 kg, 326 mol, 131 mol%, 16 wt%) was added over 1 h and stirred for 3 h at 6 °C. HPLC analysis showed 5 to be 1.0 A%.
- the reactor was charged with toluene (57 kg), followed by water (468 kg) over 1 h, and cooled to - 7 °C for 4 h.
- a reactor was charged with NaBH4 (92.9 kg, 2455 mol, 1681 mol%), CuCl (1.10 kg, 11 mol, 69 mol%), THF (440 kg) and heated to 26 °C.
- a solution of 6 (41.6 kg, 146 mol, 100 mol%) in EtOH (360 kg) was added over 15 h, followed by two rinses with EtOH (50 kg, 48 kg), and continued to stir for 24 h.
- HPLC analysis showed 6 to be 0.5 A%.
- a solution of HC1 gas in EtOH (653 kg, 4966 mol, 3400 mol%, 6 M) was added over 16 h and stirred at 22 °C for 3 h.
- Diatomaceous earth (86.2 kg, diatomite) and EtOH (11 kg) was added and stirred for 2 h at 26 °C .
- the mixture was filtered and the cake washed with five portions of EtOH (256 kg each).
- the combined filtrate was charged to a reactor and concentrated to -270 L at ⁇ 45 °C under reduced pressure.
- the reactor was cooled to 26 °C, charged with MeOH (600 kg) and concentrated to -230 L at ⁇ 45 °C under reduced pressure.
- the reactor was cooled to 26 °C, charged with MeOH (486 kg) and concentrated to -230 L at ⁇ 45 °C under reduced pressure.
- the reactor was cooled to 26 °C, charged with MeOH (102 kg), title compound seeds and concentrated to -230 L at ⁇ 45 °C under reduced pressure.
- the reactor was cooled to 26 °C, charged with MTBE (700 kg) and cooled over 4 h to 2 °C and held at this temperature for 8 h.
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Abstract
The present application affords an improved preparation of 3-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine hydrochloride qhich was a useful intermediate in the synthesis of JAK inhibitors.
Description
PROCESS FOR PREPARING MEDICAMENTS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and improved process for the preparation of synthetic intermediates useful for the synthesis of medicaments including JAK kinases of formula 1. One object of the present invention is an improved process, which efficiently implemented on commercial scale.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Janus kinases (JAK), including JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2, are cytoplasmic protein kinases that associate with type I and type II cytokine receptors and regulate cytokine signal transduction. Cytokine pathways mediate a broad range of biological functions, including many aspects of inflammation and immunity.
A series of pyrazolo[l,5-a]pyrimidines afforded JAK inhibitors remarkably efficacious for the treatment of asthma and inflammatory diseases (E. Hanan etal, ./. Med. Chem ., 2012 55:10090-10107; M. Zak, etal. WO2015/177326; M. Zak, etal., 2018/215389). Compound I was selected for additional testing which required larger quantities for further clinical evaluation.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention affords (z) a sequential difluoromethylation and Claisen condensation to afford enolate 4 without isolation of the intermediate, (//) one-pot nitrosation of 4 followed by condensation with hydrazine to form nitrosopyrazole 6, and (zzz) subsequent reduction of the nitroso group using sodium borohydride and catalytic copper(I) chloride to produce target compound 7. The optimized process delivered highly pure 7 (99.9 A% by HPLC) in overall 28% yield over 5 steps. (SCHEME 1)
SCHEME 1
The aminopyrazole intermediate 7 can be condensed with pyrazolo[l,5-a]pyrimidine-3- carboxylic acid a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylic acid (II) to afford 2-(4-amino-3-(5-chloro-2- (difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-lH-pyrazol-l-yl)-N,N-dimethylacetamide (III) and N-alkylated with N,N-dimethyl-bromoacetamide to afford I.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The following definitions are set forth to illustrate and define the meaning and scope of the various terms used to describe the invention herein.
The phrase “a” or “an” entity as used herein refers to one or more of that entity; for example, a compound refers to one or more compounds or at least one compound. As such, the terms “a” (or “an”), “one or more”, and “at least one” can be used interchangeably herein.
As used in this specification, whether in a transitional phrase or in the body of the claim, the terms "comprise(s)" and "comprising" are to be interpreted as having an open-ended meaning. That is, the terms are to be interpreted synonymously with the phrases "having at least" or "including at least". When used in the context of a process, the term "comprising" means that the process includes at least the recited steps, but may include additional steps. When used in the context of a compound or composition, the term "comprising" means that the compound or composition includes at least the recited features or components, but may also include additional features or components.
A bond drawn into ring system (as opposed to connected at a distinct vertex) indicates that the bond may be attached to any of the suitable ring atoms.
The term “optional” or “optionally” as used herein means that a subsequently described event or circumstance may, but need not, occur, and that the description includes instances where the event or circumstance occurs and instances in which it does not. For example,
“optionally substituted” means that the optionally substituted moiety may incorporate a hydrogen or a substituent.
The term "about" is used herein to mean approximately, in the region of, roughly, or around. When the term "about" is used in conjunction with a numerical range, it modifies that range by extending the boundaries above and below the numerical values set forth. In general, the term "about" is used herein to modify a numerical value above and below the stated value by a variance of 20%.
As used herein, the term “treating”, “contacting” or “reacting” when referring to a chemical reaction means to add or mix two or more reagents under appropriate conditions to produce the indicated and/or the desired product. It should be appreciated that the reaction which produces the indicated and/or the desired product may not necessarily result directly from the combination of two reagents which were initially added, i.e., there may be one or more intermediates which are produced in the mixture which ultimately leads to the formation of the indicated and/or the desired product.
An optionally substituted 2-hydroxyacetophenone refers to a compound which is optionally further substituted with one or two halogens, C1-3 alkyl, Ci-3-alkoxy, Ci-3-haloalkoxy moieties.
The term “alkyl” as used herein alone or in combination with other groups, denotes an unbranched or branched chain, saturated, monovalent hydrocarbon residue containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms. The term “lower alkyl” denotes a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon residue containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms. "Ci-6 alkyl" as used herein refers to an alkyl composed of 1 to 6 carbons. Examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, neope The term “haloalkyl” as used herein denotes an alkyl group as defined above wherein at least one hydrogen atom is substituted by a halogen. Examples are 1-fluorom ethyl, 1 -chi orom ethyl, 1-bromom ethyl, 1- iodom ethyl, difluorom ethyl, trifluoromethyl, tri chi orom ethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 1-chloroethyl, 2-
fluoroethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2-bromoethyl, 2,2-dichloroethyl, 3-bromopropyl or 2,2,2- trifluoroethyl.
The term "alkoxy" as used herein means an -O-alkyl group, wherein alkyl is as defined above, such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, i-propyloxy, n-butyloxy, i-butyloxy, t- butyloxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, including their isomers. "Lower alkoxy" as used herein denotes an alkoxy group with a "lower alkyl" group as previously defined. "Ci-io alkoxy" as used herein refers to an-O-alkyl wherein alkyl is Ci-io.
The term "haloalkoxy" as used herein refers to a group -OR where R is haloalkyl as defined herein. The term "haloalkylthio" as used herein refers to a group -SR where R is haloalkyl as defined herein.
The term "halogen" or "halo" as used herein means fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine.
The term “halo”, “halogen”, and “halide” are used interchangeably herein and denote fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo.
Reduction of a nitro group to an amine can be accomplished with a metal reducing agent such as Fe, Sn or Zn, in a reaction inert solvent, e.g. MeOH, EtOH, EtOAc, benzene, toluene, xylene, o-dichlorobenzene, DCM, DCE, THF, dioxane, or mixtures thereof. If desired, when the reducing reagent is Fe, Sn or Zn, the reaction is carried out under acidic conditions in the presence of water. The reduction may be carried out by hydrogenation in the presence of a metal catalyst, e.g. nickel catalysts such as Raney nickel, palladium catalysts such as Pd/C, platinum catalysts such as PtCh, or ruthenium catalysts such as RuCh(Ph3P)3 under Eh atmosphere or in the presence of hydrogen sources such as hydrazine or formic acid. If desired, the reaction is carried out under acidic conditions, e.g, in the presence of HC1 or HOAc.
Carboxylic acids can be can be activated with agents such as EDC, DCC, benzotriazol-1 - yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP), bromo-tris- pyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBrOP), or 2-fluoro-l-methylpyridinium p- toluenesulphonate (Mukaiyama's reagent with or without a base such NMM, TEA or DIPEA in an inert solvent such as dimethylformamide (DMF) or di chi orom ethane at temperatures between 0 °C and 60 °C. Acylation of amines (J. March, supra pp.417-425; H. G. Benz, Synthesis of Amides and Related Compounds in Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, E.
Winterfeldt, ed., vol. 6, Pergamon Press, Oxford 1991 pp. 381-411; see R. C. Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations A Guide to Functional Group Preparations , 1989, VCH Publishers Inc., New York; pp. 972-976) has been reviewed.
The laboratory scale preparation of I is depicted in Scheme 2 (P. Gibbons et al.,
WO2011/003065, p.43). Heretofore, the preparation of I was accomplished by protection of 4-nitro pyrazole (8a) with SEM-CI to afford 8b which was subjected to Pd(OAc)2 catalyzed coupling with 2-difluorom ethoxy-5 -chi oro bromobenzene to afford the amine 10 and condensed with 11 to afford the amide 12 which was subsequently deprotected. (Scheme 2)
The original process in Scheme 2 requires the protection and deprotection of the pyrazole nitrogen as a SEM ester that adds two steps to the process. In addition, the current process
telescopes the conversion of 2 to 4 and the conversion of 4 to 6 minimizing the costs associated with the extra steps.
Commonly used abbreviations include: acetyl (Ac), aqueous (aq.), di(l-adamantyl)-n- butylphosphine ((Ad)2BuP), tert-butoxy carbonyl (Boc), di-tert-butyl pyrocarbonate or Boc anhydride (B0C20), benzyl (Bn), benzotriazol-l-yloxy-tris-(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP), butyl (Bu), benzoyl (Bz), Chemical Abstracts Registration Number (CASRN), benzyloxycarbonyl (CBZ or Z), carbonyl diimidazole (CDI), N,N'- dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE), di chi orom ethane (DCM), diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD), di-iso-propylazodi carboxyl ate (DIAD), iso- propylethylamine (DIPEA), N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMA), 4-N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 1, l'-bis- (diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe), l,r-bis-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf), l-(3- dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI), ethyl (Et), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), ethanol (EtOH), diethyl ether (Et20), 0-(7-azabenzotriazole-l-yl)-N, N,N’N’- tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate acetic acid (HATU), acetic acid (HO Ac), 1-N- hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), (3-Hydroxy-3H-l,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinato-0)tri-l- pyrrolidinyl-phosphorus hexafluorophosphate (PyAOP),high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), iso-propanol (IP A), methanol (MeOH), melting point (mp), MeS02- (mesyl or Ms), methyl (Me), acetonitrile (MeCN), mass spectrum (ms), methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), N- methylmorpholine (NMM), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), petroleum ether (pet ether, i.e. hydrocarbons), )phenyl (Ph), propyl (Pr), iso-propyl (z-Pr), pounds per square inch (psi), bromo-Zz/.s-pyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBrOP), pyridine (pyr), room temperature (rt or RT), satd. (saturated), 2-(Trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl (SEM), tert- butyldimethylsilyl or t-BuMe2Si (TBDMS), triethylamine (TEA or Et3 ), triflate or CF3SO2- (Tf), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), thin layer chromatography (TLC), tetrahydrofuran (THF), tetramethyl ethyl enediamine (TMEDA), trimethyl silyl or Me-, Si (TMS), 2- (trimethylsilyl)ethoxym ethyl (SEM), p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (TsOH or pTsOH), 4-Me-C6H4S02- or tosyl (Ts) Conventional nomenclature including the prefixes normal (n), iso (i-), secondary (sec-), tertiary (tert- or -t) and neo- have their customary meaning when used with an alkyl moiety. (J. Rigaudy and D. P. Klesney, Nomenclature in Organic Chemistry, IUPAC 1979 Pergamon Press, Oxford.).
COMPOUNDS AND PREPARATION
Unless otherwise noted all reactions were run under a nitrogen atmosphere, solvents and reagents were used without further purification. 'H NMR (300 MHz, 500 MHz, 600 MHz), 13C NMR (125 MHz) were recorded on a Bruker Avance 3 spectrometer. Chemical shifts are reported in ppm (d units) downfield of internal tetramethylsilane [(CH3)4Si] or residual CHCh; coupling constants are reported in hertz (Hz). Multiplicities are as follows: s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, q = quartet, dd = doublet of doublets, m = multiplet. l-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenvOethan-l-one
A reactor was charged with l-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)ethan-l-one (2, 135 kg, 791 mol, 100 mol%), 2-propanol (541 kg), aqueous sodium hydroxide (539 kg, 4043 mol, 511 mol%, 30 wt%), and heated to 49 °C. Dichlorofluoromethane (248 kg, 2410 mol, 305 mol%) was bubbled into the reaction mixture and heated at 49 °C for >20 min until reaction was complete (<0.5 A% HPLC). The mixture was cooled to 20 °C and filtered. The cake was washed with 2-propanol (135 kg), and the combined filtrates charged back into the reactor. The reactor was heated to 27 °C for 15 min, let stand for 40 min without stirring to achieve phase separation and the aqueous phase was drained. The remaining organic phase was concentrated to ~ 200 L under reduced pressure at 45 °C, toluene (652 kg) was charged and heated to 27 °C for 40 min. The mixture was filtered and the cake washed with toluene (132 kg). The combined filtrates were recharged into the reactor followed by a rinse with toluene (50 kg). The reactor content was concentrated to -200 L under reduced pressure at 45 °C, toluene (268 kg) was charged and the solution of l-(5- chloro-2-
(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)ethan-l-one (3) in toluene was discharged to drums for subsequent use in the next step (83% corrected yield, 84.5 A% HPLC, 26.1% assay, KF = 0.1%, 2- propanol = 0.01%). sodium (Z)-3-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenvD-3-oxoprop-l-en-l -olate (4)
A reactor was charged with ethyl formate (159.0 kg, 2146 mol, 328 mol%), a solution of 1- (5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)ethan-l-one (3) in toluene (144.5 kg assay corrected from the precursor step, 655 mol, 100 mol%), toluene (392 kg), ethyl formate (10.0 kg, 135 mol, 21 mol%), and heated to 41 °C. A solution of NaOEt in EtOH (360.0 kg, 952 mol, 145 mol%, 18 wt%) and toluene (16 kg) was charged and heated to 46 °C for 4 h. HPLC analysis showed 2 to be 2.1 A%. The reactor content was concentrated to -1100 L at <40 °C under reduced pressure, heptane (578 kg) was added and the mixture was concentrated to -800 L at <40 °C under reduced pressure, heptane (346 kg) was added again and the mixture
concentrated to -800 L at <40 °C. This cycle was repeated 2 more times (using 346 kg of heptane each) followed by a last charge of heptane (340 kg). The reactor contents were then heated to 44 °C for 1 h, and cooled over 3 h to -3 °C, and stirred at this temperature for 2 h. The mixture was filtered, the cake washed with heptane (145 kg) and dried under vacuum for 24 h at 37 °C to give 196.4 kg of sodium (Z)-3-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-3- oxoprop-l-en-l-olate (4, 76% corrected yield, 85.2 A% HPLC purity; 68.4% assay): mp = 181 °C; ¾ NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 9.36 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.43 (d, J =
10.1 Hz, 1H), 7.77 - 7.68 (m, 1H), 7.35 (dt, J = 8.7, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 7.14 (dd, J = 5.8, 3.0 Hz, 3H), 7.04 (s, 1H), 4.88 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (d, J = 10.2 Hz, 1H); 13C NMR (126 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 197.47, 185.61, 185.51, 166.97, 146.57, 146.54, 146.52, 139.80, 133.46,
133.07, 130.18, 129.77, 129.27, 128.11, 122.17, 121.94, 119.49, 117.44, 116.89, 105.64, 31.31. HRMS [M+H]+ calcd for CioHeCIFiNaCri 249.0125; found 249.0126.
3-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl )-4-nitroso- l H-pyrazole)
A reactor was charged with formic acid (354 kg), acetonitrile (156 kg), water (44 kg) and cooled to -3 °C. Sodium (Z)-3-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-3-oxoprop-l-en-l- olate (4) (67.0 kg assay corrected, 248 mol, 100 mol%) was added in one charge, and a solution of aqueous NaNC (110 kg, 303 mol, 122 mol%, 19 wt%) was dosed into the solution over 1 h, followed by a rinse with water (4 kg), and stirred for 3 h. HPLC analysis showed 4 was undetected. The reactor was heated to 2 °C, aqueous hydrazine monohydrate (102 kg, 326 mol, 131 mol%, 16 wt%) was added over 1 h and stirred for 3 h at 6 °C. HPLC analysis showed 5 to be 1.0 A%. The reactor was charged with toluene (57 kg), followed by water (468 kg) over 1 h, and cooled to - 7 °C for 4 h. The mixture was filtered, the cake washed with water (248 kg) and dried under vacuum at 33 °C for 33 h to give 42.7 kg of 3- (5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-4-nitroso-lH-pyrazole (6) as a green solid (61% yield,
97.2 A% HPLC, 96.0% assay): mp = 149 °C; ¾ NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.72 (dd, J = 8.8, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (s, 1H), 7.17 (s, 1H), 7.02 (s, 1H); 13C NMR (126 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 161.74, 148.77, 132.26, 131.44, 129.61, 120.67, 118.78, 116.72, 114.66.
¾ NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-de) d 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.72 (dd, J = 8.8, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (s, 1H), 7.17 (s, 1H), 7.02 (s, 1H); 13C NMR (126 MHz, DMSO- ) d 161.74, 148.77, 132.26, 131.44, 129.61, 120.67, 118.78, 116.72, 114.66. HRMS [M+H]+ calcd for C10H6CIF2N3O2274.0190; found 274.0194.
3-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenvO-lH-pyrazol -4-amine hydrochloride
A reactor was charged with NaBH4 (92.9 kg, 2455 mol, 1681 mol%), CuCl (1.10 kg, 11 mol, 69 mol%), THF (440 kg) and heated to 26 °C. A solution of 6 (41.6 kg, 146 mol, 100 mol%) in EtOH (360 kg) was added over 15 h, followed by two rinses with EtOH (50 kg, 48 kg), and continued to stir for 24 h. HPLC analysis showed 6 to be 0.5 A%. A solution of HC1 gas in EtOH (653 kg, 4966 mol, 3400 mol%, 6 M) was added over 16 h and stirred at 22 °C for 3 h. Diatomaceous earth (86.2 kg, diatomite) and EtOH (11 kg) was added and stirred for 2 h at 26 °C . The mixture was filtered and the cake washed with five portions of EtOH (256 kg each). The combined filtrate was charged to a reactor and concentrated to -270 L at < 45 °C under reduced pressure. The reactor was cooled to 26 °C, charged with MeOH (600 kg) and concentrated to -230 L at < 45 °C under reduced pressure. The reactor was cooled to 26 °C, charged with MeOH (486 kg) and concentrated to -230 L at < 45 °C under reduced pressure. The reactor was cooled to 26 °C, charged with MeOH (102 kg), title compound seeds and concentrated to -230 L at < 45 °C under reduced pressure. The reactor was cooled to 26 °C, charged with MTBE (700 kg) and cooled over 4 h to 2 °C and held at this temperature for 8 h. The mixture was filtered, the cake washed three times with MTBE (235 kg each) and dried under vacuum at 70 °C for 44 h to give 72.2 kg of 3-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)- lH-pyrazol-4-amine hydrochloride (7, 72% yield, 99.9 A% HPLC, 97.7% assay) as a yellow solid: mp = 181 °C; ¾ NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 13.52 (s, 1H), 10.00 (s, 3H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J = 8.8, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (s, 1H); 13C NMR (126 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 147.52, 131.20, 129.95, 121.67, 118.71, 116.64,
114.56, 112.52; HRMS calcd for CioHsCIFiNsO 260.0397; found m/z 260.0396.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following claims, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing the disclosed function, or a method or process for attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may, separately, or in any combination of such features, be utilized for realizing the invention in diverse forms thereof.
The foregoing invention has been described in some detail by way of illustration and example, for purposes of clarity and understanding. It will be obvious to one of skill in the art that changes and modifications may be practiced within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, it is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but should instead be determined with reference to the
following appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
The patents, published applications, and scientific literature referred to herein establish the knowledge of those skilled in the art and are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each was specifically and individually.
# # # # # # # #
Claims
1. A process for the preparation of 3-(5-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-lH-pyrazol-4- amine (6) which process comprises the steps of:
(i) treating an optionally substituted 2-hydroxy-acetophenone with chlorodifluoromethane to afford the difluoromethyl ether 3
(ii) 3, without purification, is treated with formic acid ester and base to afford the enolate
(iii) treating the enolate in situ with a nitrosating agent sodium nitrite to afford the nitroso compound 5
(iv) treating the nitroso-P-di carbonyl 5, without further purification, with hydrazine to afford a nitroso-pyrazole 6
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the optionally substituted 2-hydroxyacetophenone is 2- hydroxy-5-chloro-acetophenone, the reducing agent is NaBTB/CuCl and the formate ester, the base is ethyl formate and sodium ethoxide, the nitrosating agent is sodium nitrite.
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Citations (3)
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WO2011003065A2 (en) | 2009-07-02 | 2011-01-06 | Genentech, Inc. | Pyrazolopyrimidine jak inhibitor compounds and methods |
WO2015177326A1 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-26 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | 5-chloro-2-difluoromethoxyphenyl pyrazolopyrimidine compounds which are jak inhibitors |
WO2018166993A2 (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-09-20 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Pyrazolochlorophenyl compounds, compositions and methods of use thereof |
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WO2011003065A2 (en) | 2009-07-02 | 2011-01-06 | Genentech, Inc. | Pyrazolopyrimidine jak inhibitor compounds and methods |
WO2015177326A1 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-26 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | 5-chloro-2-difluoromethoxyphenyl pyrazolopyrimidine compounds which are jak inhibitors |
WO2018166993A2 (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-09-20 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Pyrazolochlorophenyl compounds, compositions and methods of use thereof |
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