WO2022254461A2

WO2022254461A2 - Artificial intelligence based water filtration system

Info

Publication number: WO2022254461A2
Application number: PCT/IN2022/050507
Authority: WO
Inventors: Nitesh N EBHNANI; Kapil NEBHNANI
Original assignee: Ebhnani Nitesh N; Nebhnani Kapil
Priority date: 2021-05-31
Filing date: 2022-06-01
Publication date: 2022-12-08
Also published as: WO2022254461A3

Abstract

A water filtration system is disclosed, comprising a desalination unit to separate feed water from a water source into desalinated water and concentrated water, a storage tank to receive the concentrated water from the desalination unit and to allow flow of at least a portion of the concentrated water from the storage tank to a feed water conduit for mixing with raw water coming from the water source to achieve a predefined TDS valve of the feed water, a first sensor to sense TDS value of the concentrated water present in the storage tank, a pump to regulate flow of the at the concentrated water from the storage tank to the feed water conduit, and a control unit to control operation of the pump for regulating flow of the concentrated water from the storage tank to achieve a predefined TDS valve of the feed water.

Description

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED WATER FILTRATION SYSTEM

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to water treatment systems. In particular, the present disclosure relates to an artificial intelligence-based water filtration system.

BACKGROUND

[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.

[0003] One of the fundamental needs of human beings is water. Water is present on more than two-thirds of the earth’s surface. But a great amount of the water on the earth is brackish or sea water. Brackish and sea waters are typically not suitable for human and animal consumption because the waters contain salts, sediments and other contaminates which may be harmful.

[0004] Clean water is basis of health. Currently, safe drinking water is a major issue in underdeveloped and developing countries, such as India. Surface water and/or ground water found in many locations can be naturally contaminated, as by biological impurities, and/or contaminated by chemical and other non-naturally occurring sources. Generally, contaminants present in surface water are iron, salinity, arsenic, fluoride, heavy metal, nitrate, certain bacteria or other microorganisms etc. For these reasons, surface water found in many locations is not suitable for drinking or other desired uses. Ground water in many areas is hard and salty, and this is also not safe for drinking.

[0005] Efforts have been made in past to provide several water treatment apparatus/systems, such as reverse osmosis (RO) filtration system, ion-exchange (IX), Electrodialysis apparatus etc. for filtering and/or purifying water to make it suitable for drinking. However, most of the existing water treatment apparatus/systems provides about 30% of inlet water as purified water while the rest of the water is wastewater.

[0006] Reverse osmosis treatment apparatus/systems are gaining popularity in current time because of their high effectiveness in removing heavy metals and various harmful chemicals as well as these systems can work on renewable energy sources. In a typical RO treatment system water is forced through a membrane with small pores. These pores allow water to run through, but keep the contaminants outside, which afterward are flushed away. An Average RO water Purifier has a standard of 97% removal of input water the total dissolved solids (TDS) whether TDS is 500 or 1000 or 5000 ppm. There is only one system for all works. Mostly ground water or supply water TDS vary from place to place there is no standard in input water supply quality. For instance, most of these RO water filtration systems/purifiers waste more than 67% of inlet water and provide acidic water in return. Even the best water ionizer required Pre filtration by the RO water purifier to provide alkaline water. In most of the cases consumers are helpless and unable to conserve such a huge quantity of wastewater produces by the RO purifiers or any other water treatment apparatus/systems.

[0007] Further, majority of consumers are unaware of drinking water standards including TDS range and pH of water they drink. In most of the existing water treatment apparatus/system, three is no easy way exits which can show and/or share data of TDS, pH, and oxidation reduction potential (ORP)/ dissolved oxygen (DO) of the filtered/purified water.

[0008] In view of the above, there is, therefore, a need to provide an easy to use, efficient, cost-effective and reliable artificial intelligence based water filtration system which can overcome the above mentioned drawbacks of the existing/conventional water treatment systems.

OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE

[0009] A general object of the present disclosure is to provide an efficient and cost- effective solution of the above-mentioned problems.

[0010] An object of the present disclosure is to provide an arrangement to minimize wastage of waste water from existing/conventional water treatment systems.

[0011] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide intelligence based water filtration system to provide mineral drinking water.

[0012] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system to standardize input water quality for water treatment systems to ensure water quality standard in every water treatment system, consequently reducing water wastage.

[0013] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a cost-effective water treatment system which can show and/or share water standards data including TDS, pH, oxidation reduction potential (ORP)/ dissolved oxygen (DO) etc. of filtered/purified water. [0014] Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide a simple and cost effective cost-effective an artificial intelligence based water treatment/purification system which can provide output water quality as per water quality standard parameters.

SUMMARY

[0015] Aspects of the present disclosure relate to water treatment systems. In particular, the present disclosure relates to an artificial intelligence-based water filtration system.

[0016] In an aspect, the proposed water filtration system can include a desalination unit fluidically connected with a water source through a feed water conduit to receive feed water from the water source. The desalination unit can be configured for treating the received feed water to produce desalinated water and concentrated water. In an embodiment, the desalination unit can be any of a reverse osmosis water filtration unit, Di-ionization water filtration unit, nano-filtration water filter units, an electro dialysis water filtration unit, a forward osmosis water filtration unit and the like.

[0017] The proposed water filtration system can include a concentrated water storage tank (hereinafter also referred to as storage tank) fluidically connected to the desalination unit through a concentrated water conduit to receive the concentrated water from the desalination unit. The concentrated water storage tank can be fluidically connected to the feed water conduit through an outlet conduit to allow flow of at least a portion of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank to the feed water conduit for mixing of raw water coming from the water source and the at least a portion of the concentrated water to achieve a predefined total dissolved solids (TDS) valve of the feed water. The proposed water filtration system can further include a first sensor configured with the concentrated water storage tank to sense at least TDS value of the concentrated water present in the concentrated water storage tank, a pump configured with the concentrated water storage tank to regulate flow of the at least a portion of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank to the feed water conduit, and a control unit operatively coupled to the first sensor and the pump. The control unit can be configured to control operation of the pump for regulating flow of the at least a portion of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank to achieve a predefined TDS valve of the feed water.

[0018] In an embodiment, the water filtration system can include a second senor configured with the feed water conduit to sense at least TDS value of the feed water and a third senor configured with the desalination unit to sense at least TDS value of the desalinated water. The second senor and the third senor can be operatively coupled to the control unit.

[0019] In an embodiment, the control unit can be configured to control operation of the pump based on an input data received from at least one of the first sensor, the second senor and the third senor. The input data can be associated with sensed TDS values of one or more of the first sensor, the second senor and the third senor.

[0020] In an embodiment, the control unit can be configured to transmit the sensed

TDS values of the first sensor, second senor, and the third sensor on a computing device of a user.

[0021] In an embodiment, the water filtration system can include a display unit to display the sensed TDS values of the first sensor, second senor, and the third sensor. The display unit can be operatively coupled to the control unit.

[0022] In an embodiment, the control unit can include one or more processors and a memory operatively coupled to the processors, the memory comprising a set of instructions executed by the one or more processors. In another embodiment, the control unit can include an artificial intelligence based mechanism. In another embodiment, the control unit can further include a pulse width modulator.

[0023] In another embodiment, the water filtration system can include a unidirectional valve configured with the outlet conduit to allow flow of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank.

[0024] In another embodiment, the water filtration system can include an activated carbon filter configured with the concentrated water conduit between the concentrated water storage tank and the desalination unit to remove heavy metals from and reduce bacteria growth in the concentrated water flowing through the concentrated water conduit. The activated carbon filter can be a 0.2% silver impregnated activated carbon filter.

[0025] In another embodiment, when the sensed TSD valve of the concentrated water stored in the concentrated water storage tank exceeds a threshold valve, a predefined quantity of the concentrated water can drain out from the concentrated water storage tank through a drain conduit. A flushing valve can be provided with the drain conduit to drain out the predefined quantity of the concentrated water through the drain conduit.

[0026] In another embodiment, the water filtration system can include a water softener unit configured with an outlet of the drain conduit for softening the predefined quantity of the concentrated water. The water softener unit can be configured to remove calcium, magnesium, metal cations and scale forming hardness from the predefined quantity of the concentrated water.

[0027] In another embodiment, the desalination unit can include any of a hybrid membrane, one or more reverse osmosis membranes, and one or more nanofiltration membranes. The hybrid membrane can be a combination of one or more reverse osmosis membranes and one or more nanofiltration membranes.

[0028] In an embodiment, the water filtration system can include a purified water tank for storage of the desalinated water which is suitable for drinking.

[0029] In an embodiment, the water filtration system can include a mineral introduction unit for introducing one or more minerals selected from a group comprising calcium, magnesium, zinc, and silver in any of the feed water and the concentrated water. [0030] Various objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. The diagrams are for illustration only, which thus is not a limitation of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the proposed water filtration system, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details.

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention include various steps, which will be described below. The steps may be performed by hardware components or may be embodied in machine-executable instructions, which may be used to cause a general-purpose or special- purpose processor programmed with the instructions to perform the steps. Alternatively, steps may be performed by a combination of hardware, software, firmware and/or by human operators.

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a computer program product, which may include a machine-readable storage medium tangibly embodying thereon instructions, which may be used to program a computer (or other electronic devices) to perform a process. The machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, fixed (hard) drives, magnetic tape, floppy diskettes, optical disks, compact disc read-only memories (CD-ROMs), and magneto-optical disks, semiconductor memories, such as ROMs, PROMs, random access memories (RAMs), programmable read-only memories (PROMs), erasable PROMs (EPROMs), electrically erasable PROMs (EEPROMs), flash memory, magnetic or optical cards, or other type of media/machine-readable medium suitable for storing electronic instructions (e.g., computer programming code, such as software or firmware).

[0036] Various methods described herein may be practiced by combining one or more machine-readable storage media containing the code according to the present invention with appropriate standard computer hardware to execute the code contained therein. An apparatus for practicing various embodiments of the present invention may involve one or more computers (or one or more processors within a single computer) and storage systems containing or having network access to computer program(s) coded in accordance with various methods described herein, and the method steps of the invention could be accomplished by modules, routines, subroutines, or subparts of a computer program product. [0037] While embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be clear that the invention is not limited to these embodiments only. Numerous modifications, changes, variations, substitutions, and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as described in the claim.

[0038] Embodiment explained herein relate to water treatment systems. In particular, the present disclosure relates to an artificial intelligence-based water filtration system.

[0039] In an embodiment, the water filtration system can standardize input water quality/TDS for all types of existing water filtration unit/desalination units to maintain filtered/purified water quality standard in the existing water filtration units.

[0040] In an embodiment, the water filtration system can reduce water intake in desalination units including a reverse osmosis unit, an electro dialysis unit, a forward osmosis unit, a nano filtration unit and the like. When the membrane or filtration units have more capacity to remove dissolved salts but they are using for very miner TDS removal, the proposed water filtration system may improve dissolved concentration in itself and maintain according to membrane TDS removal capacity.

[0041] In an embodiment, the water filtration system can use complete capacity of the

RO membrane, forward osmosis membrane, electro dialyses membrane and the like and can save water at the source.

[0042] In an embodiment, the water filtration system can be used for industrial applications where a large volume of water is treated, i.e. the water filtration system can be used with desalination units/water treatment plants used in industries.

[0043] In an embodiment, by using artificial intelligence, the water filtration system can automatically maintain input/feed water TDS and purified water TDS as per requirement. [0044] In an aspect, the water filtration system can mix concentrated water/waste water of a desalination unit and input ground water/supply water in such a manner that it provide input water with TDS value in a range, for example 2000 ppm to 4000 ppm, according to user requirement, consequently reducing water wastage. For example, as the RO water purifier works on a percentage removal method so by providing the feed/input water with the required TDS value the RO water purifier provides output water quality as per governing authority water standards. The proposed system has a capability to enhance purified water quality without disturbing water pH value.

[0045] In an aspect, the water filtration system can save gallons of good quality raw ground water in the ground, and/or surface water at the sources like river, dam so that good water can be preserve for other uses.

[0046] In an aspect, the water filtration system can be controlled by an artificial intelligence based controller, therefore it helps to reduce huge amount of waste water generated by the typical desalination units such as RO water purifier.

[0047] In an aspect, the water filtration system can be provided with a membrane which can detect difference between useful mineral, harmful minerals and heavy metals. It can reduce all heavy metals, harmful chemicals and biological contaminations to zero. The water filtration system can provide purified water/mineral water with calcium and magnesium in ionic form or in digestible form. The water filtration system can reduce both monovalent and bi-valent ions and maintain mineral water standard.

[0048] In an aspect, if at any place where ground water and/or supply water does not contain required minerals, the water filtration system is provided with an arrangement to introduce the required minerals including calcium, magnesium zinc, silver and other micro- nutrients in the water. The water filtration system can reduce excess amount of sodium and other unwanted minerals in the water.

[0049] In an embodiment, the proposed water filtration system can be capable of data sharing to provide data including TDS, pH, ORP, and DO of the water quality of the feed water, concentrated water and purified water on a computing device of the user. The water filtration system can display these data on a display unit of the proposed water filtration system. The proposed water filtration system can also display the amount of water saved on the display unit.

[0050] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the proposed water filtration system

100, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, the proposed water filtration system 100 can include a desalination unit 102 fluidically connected with a water source 104 through a feed water conduit 106 to receive feed water from the water source 104. The desalination unit 102 can be configured for treating the received feed water to produce desalinated water/purified water and concentrated water, wherein the concentrated water includes higher TDS than the desalinated water. In an embodiment, the desalination unit 102 can be any of a reverse osmosis water filtration unit, De-ionization water filtration unit, an electrodialysis water filtration unit, a forward osmosis water filtration unit and the like. Concentration level of the concentrated water depends on the type of the desalination unit 102. For instance, concentration level of the concentrated water can be about 1.5 times of the feed water supply in case of a reverse osmosis unit or can be about 3.5 times of the feed water supply in case of in the case electrodialysis unit.

[0051] In an embodiment, the proposed water filtration system 100 can include a concentrated water storage tank (hereinafter also referred to as storage tank) 108 which can be fluidically connected to the desalination unit 102 through a concentrated water conduit 110 to receive the concentrated water from the desalination unit 102. The storage tank 108 can be fluidically connected to the feed water conduit 106 through an outlet conduit 112 to allow flow of at least a portion of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank 108 to the feed water conduit 106 for mixing of raw water coming from the water source 104 and the at least a portion of the concentrated water to achieve a predefined TDS valve of the feed water. TDS value of the raw water of the water source 104 will be lower than TDS value of the concentrated water.

[0052] In an embodiment, the concentrated water storage tank 108 can be an anti bacteria food grade tank. [0053] The proposed water filtration system 100 can further include a first sensor 114 configured with the concentrated water storage tank 108 to sense at least TDS value of the concentrated water present in the concentrated water storage tank 108, a pump 116 configured with the concentrated water storage tank 108 to regulate flow of the at least a portion of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank 108 to the feed water conduit 106, and a control unit 118 operatively coupled to the first sensor 114 and the pump 116. The control unit 118 can be configured to control operation of the pump 116 for regulating flow of the at least a portion of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank 108 to achieve a predefined TDS valve of the feed water. The predefined TDS valve can be set by a user based on requirement.

[0054] In an embodiment, the pump 116 can be a high pressure water pump.

[0055] In an embodiment, the water filtration system 100 can include a second senor

120 configured with the feed water conduit 106 to sense at least TDS value of the feed water and a third senor 122 configured with the desalination unit 102 to sense at least TDS value of the desalinated water. The second senor 120 and the third senor 122 can be operatively coupled to the control unit 118. In an embodiment, the first sensor 114 and the second senor 120 can be TDS sensors. The third senor 122 can include a multi-parameter sensor which can sense TDS, pH, and DO valves of the desalinated water. A purified water tank 124 can be provided for storage of the desalinated water which is suitable for drinking.

[0056] In an embodiment, the control unit 118 can be configured to control operation of the pump 116 based on an input data received from at least one of the first sensorll4, the second senor 120 and the third senor 122. The input data can be associated with sensed TDS values of one or more of the first sensor 114, the second senor 120 and the third senor 122. The on receipt of the sensors data, the control unit 118 decides to whether increase or decrees the speed the pump and consequently pumping of the concentrated water for mixing with the raw water.

[0057] In an embodiment, the control unit 118 may comprise one or more processors.

The processors may be implemented as one or more microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing units, logic circuitries, and/or any devices that manipulate data based on operational instructions. Among other capabilities, the one or more processors are configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory coupled to the processors. The memory may store one or more computer-readable instructions or routines, which may be fetched and executed to create or share the data units over a network service. The memory may comprise any non- transitory storage device including, for example, volatile memory such as RAM, or non volatile memory such as EPROM, flash memory, and the like.

[0058] In an embodiment, the control unit 118 can include an artificial intelligence based mechanism. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a set of computer programs and instructions used for instilling intelligence in machines and thus making them learn from experience and adjust to new inputs and perform human-like tasks. One of the characteristics of the AI is its ability to rationalize and take actions that have a best chance of achieving a specific goal. The computer programs and instructions are adapted to learn from and adapt to new data without being assisted by humans.

[0059] In another embodiment, the control unit can further include a pulse width modulator which works based on Pulse-width modulation (PWM). PWM is a method of reducing the average power delivered by an electrical signal, by effectively chopping it up into discrete parts. The average value of voltage and/or current fed to the load/pump is controlled by turning switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.

For instance, Total concentration of the raw water (CV) = purified water TDS

(Cl VI) + concentrated water TDS (C2V2)

This equation works on every size of desalination units like (RO,NF,ED and others )

Where C= TDS / Concentrate of the raw water

V = Volume of raw water taken form the source.

C 1 = Purified water concentration

VI = Volume of the purified water

C2 = TDS of the concentrated water

V2 = volume of the concentrated water

From the above equation, if Cl = 150 ppm (for domestic applications)

V 1 = 8 litre C = 500 ppm V = 10 litre V2 = 2 litre

Then C2=CV-C1V1

V2

C2=500xl0- 150x8 = 1900ppm 2

Result the machine reduce waste to 200 ml for 1 litre of purified water if Cl = 150 ppm (for industrial desalination applications)

VI = 1000 litre C = 1500 ppm V = 1250 litre V2 = 250 litre

Then

C2=CV-C1V1

V2

C2= 1500x1250-150x1000 250

C2= 6900 ppm

Result the machine reduce waste to 200 ml for 1 litre of Purified water

Thus, to increase the feed water TDS, the concentrated water can be used to increase the input/feed water TDS. For instance, the feed water TDS can be increased to 1000 ppm or 1500 ppm or 2500 ppm, or 4000 ppm.

The raw water can be used with the concentrated water to increase or decrease the feed water TDS. The user may need to provide one or more inputs to the control unit:

1. Feed water modulation range/operational concentration of the feed water (Co) = 1000 ppm or 1500 ppm or 2500 ppm or 4000 ppm

2. TDS of the concentrated water (C2) = 1600 ppm or 3000 ppm or 6000 ppm or 8000 ppm

3. TDS of the purified water /purified water range (Cl) = 100-300 ppm

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, the control unit 118 receives all inputs from the sensors and/or the user and then drive the pump according to the requirements.

[0061] The artificial intelligence based control unit 118 can work on TDS range band principle: once a user set a required feed water TDS value (Co), the control unit starts working to determine current/On-going TDS valve of the feed water on the basis of the received data from the first sensor and further compare the current TDS value of the feed water with the set feed water TDS valve, and if the current TDS value of the feed water is less than the set TDS valve, the control unit increases the pumping speed to reach the Co as soon as possible .

[0062] When the feed water TDS reaches to the Co, the control unit stops increasing the pump speed to stabilise the concentrated water pumping to maintain the Co, but if the current TDS valve exceeds Co, the control unit starts decreasing pump speed to reduce quantity of the concentrated water for mixing with the raw water.

[0063] In an embodiment, the band size can be adjusted from 50 ppm to 500 ppm.

[0064] For example, if Co is 1500 ppm, raw water TDS (C) is = 750 ppm, and band valve is 100 ppm, the control unit matches the feed water TDS with Co as soon as possible by mixing the concentrated water having C2 with the raw water to increase the raw water TDS or to achieve the feed water TDS equivalent to the Co.

If Co= C± C2 1500 = 750+ C2

So Co TDS can be adjust by mixing of C2 with C which can be decide by band valve.

As if Co exceeds to 1600 ppm, the control unit can reduce mixing of C2 with C, and if Co reduced to 1400 ppm the control unit can increase mixing of C2 with C.

The all these data can be stored in memory of the AI, and can be share by a mobile app or a data logger in commercial plants.

[0065] In an embodiment, the data logger or data recorder is an electronic device that records data over time or in relation to location either with a built-in instrument or sensor or via external instruments and sensors. Increasingly, but not entirely, they are based on a digital processor or computer, and called digital data loggers (DDL). They generally are small, battery powered, portable, and equipped with a microprocessor, internal memory for data storage, and sensors. Some data loggers interface with a personal computer.

[0066] In an embodiment, the desalination unit 102 can include salt rejection valve membranes. If water at location has C = 400 ppm, and Co=1000 ppm, and the user expect required Cl = 200 ppm as C2= 1600 ppm, its can be achieved by 80% salt rejection valve membranes. [0067] In an embodiment, the control unit 118 can be configured to transmit the sensed TDS values of the first sensor 114, second senor 120, and the third sensor 122 on a computing device of a user. The computing device of the user can be a smart phone, a tablet, a computer and the like.

[0068] In an embodiment, the water filtration system 100 can include a display unit to display the sensed TDS values of the first sensor 114, the second senor 120, and the third sensor 122. The display unit can be operatively coupled to the control unit 118.

[0069] In another embodiment, the water filtration system 100 can include a unidirectional valve 126 configured with the outlet conduit 112 to allow flow of the concentrated water in one direction, i.e. from the concentrated water storage tank 108.

[0070] In another embodiment, the water filtration system can include an activated carbon filter (ACF) 128 that can be configured with the concentrated water conduit 110 between the concentrated water storage tank 108 and the desalination unit 102. The ACF 128 can be configured to remove heavy metals from the concentrated water flowing through the concentrated water conduit 110. The ACF 128 can further reduce bacteria growth in the concentrated water flowing through the concentrated water conduit 110. The activated carbon filter 128 can be a silver impregnated activated carbon filter.

[0071] In another embodiment, when the sensed TSD valve of the concentrated water stored in the concentrated water storage tank 108 exceeds a threshold valve, a predefined quantity of the concentrated water can drain out from the concentrated water storage tank 108 through a drain conduit 130. A flushing valve 132 can be provided with the drain conduit 130 to drain out the predefined quantity of the concentrated water through the drain conduit 130. [0072] In an exemplary embodiment, the pump 116 can be configured perform three different tasks/works and one special work. For instance, in the first work, the pump 116 can be used to increase or decrease the feed water concentration by the control unit, the more the concentrated water is mixed with the raw water will increase the feed water TDS and vice versa. The low the pump works may reduce the feed water TDS from the set valve.

[0073] For example, if the raw water TDS is 750 ppm, then the pump can increase

TDS to the set TDS valve 1500 ppm given by the user to, for example. Once the TDS reached to 1500 ppm the pump speed will not be increase further, and the control unit may fix the pump speed. After a period, if the feed water TDS reaches to 1600 ppm, the pump speed can be decreased by the control unit to match the feed water TDS to the set TDS valve.

[0074] In the second work, once the concentrated water TDS set valve (C2) is reached to its threshold limit, for example 3300 ppm. The control unit can commend the pump and flushing valve to drain out the stored concentrated water by 50%. The drained water can be used further for secondary works after softening the drained concentrated water through a softener unit 134.

[0075] In the third work, once the water softener unit 134 is discharged the pump has a separate recharging system to regenerate resin of the water softener unit 134 by salt.

[0076] In the special work, for instance when the feed water TDS (C) is about 2500 ppm, a high concentrated water purifier such as an electro dialysis reversal can be used, which can further purify this concentrated water by 75% and reduce water to 25% only. This is the 5% of the total water used in process for example (500 ml form 10 liter).

[0077] In another embodiment, the water softener unit 134 can configured with an outlet of the drain conduit 130 for softening the predefined quantity of the concentrated water. If the user wants to use the high concentrated drained water for secondary use such as utensils washing or floor cleaning, the drained water should be processed with water softener unit 134 which can be ion -exchange resin based water softener. The water softener 134 can reduce scale forming hardness to zero. This water softener unit 134 may require salt tablets for regeneration of its resin.

[0078] In another embodiment, the water softener unit 134 can be configured to remove calcium, magnesium, other metal cations from the drained predefined quantity of the concentrated water.

[0079] In an embodiment, the desalination unit can include any of a hybrid membrane, one or more reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, and one or more nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The hybrid membrane can be a combination of one or more reverse osmosis membranes and one or more nanofiltration membranes.

[0080] In an embodiment, the hybrid membrane is combination of two different type of membranes with different pore sizes. As RO membrane can have pore size = lnm that is why it gives 98% rejection ratio of salt (TDS) and the NF membrane can have pore size > 5nm that is why it gives 70% rejection ratio of salt (TDS).

[0081] In an embodiment, the RO membrane can commonly cast from a solution comprising the membrane material and a solvent, with or without additional solution components such as water, swelling agents, and the like. The RO membrane may be employed in the reverse osmosis process in the form of a free film or, more commonly, as a film deposited on a porous support material. The RO membrane may have, however, generally been subject to deficiencies such as compaction and chemical or biological degradation, resulting in too short of useful life, and too low flux or salt rejection, resulting in inefficient operation.

[0082] In an embodiment, the NF may provide high rejection of multivalent ions, such as calcium, and low rejection of monovalent ions, such as chloride.

[0083] In an embodiment, the both the RO membrane and NF membrane can reduce heavy metals, harmful, harmful chemicals and biological contaminations.

[0084] In an embodiment, the NF membrane can give low rejection to monovalent ions such as NACL up to 50% and high rejection to bi-valet ions such as Ca2C03 up to 90%. The RO membrane can give high rejection both monovalent ions and bi-valet ions up to 95%. [0085] In an embodiment, the hybrid membrane has property of both the RO membrane and NF membrane, in which both are working at same time and in same space and in adjoins to each other in a parallel combination.

[0086] In another embodiment, the hybrid membrane can be provided with 5 types of combinations for instance, for 80% rejection, the hybrid membrane can include 1 RO membrane adjoins with 2 NF membranes, for 85% rejection the hybrid membrane can include 2 RO membranes adjoin 1 NF membrane, for 87.5% rejection the hybrid membrane can include 2 RO membranes adjoin with 2 NF membrane elements, for 90% rejection the hybrid membrane can include 1 high flow forward osmosis membrane adjoins with 2 NF membranes, and for 92.5% rejection the hybrid membrane can include 2 high flow forward osmosis membranes adjoin with 1 NF membrane.

[0087] In an embodiment, the hybrid membrane can be used as a pure water regulator, which can include 2 RO membranes and 2 NF membranes adjoins with each other. This regulator can be used for ensuring water ratio of NF and RO membrane mixing. If the user increases the regulator it decrease NF membrane water ratio to increase salt rejection ration by 80- to 95%. If the user reduces the regulator to increase NF purified water and to reduce RO pure water to reduce salt rejection ratio by 95% -80%. This regulator can be attached to output of every RO and NF purified water.

[0088] In an embodiment, the water filtration system 100 can include a mineral introduction unit 138 for introducing one or more minerals selected from a group comprising calcium, magnesium, zinc, and silver in the concentrated water.

[0089] The mineral introduction unit (MIU) 138 can works just opposite to the water softener, it takes out Na (sodium) from water and introduce calcium and magnesium in the concentrated water storage tank storing the concentrated which will be filtered filter. For example, if minerals including calcium, magnesium, zinc, silver and other micro-nutrients are not present in raw water raw at a place, the mineral introduction unit 138 can introduce calcium, magnesium, zinc, silver and other micro-nutrients in the concentrated water.

[0090] In another embodiment, the MIU138 can introduce the calcium, magnesium, zinc, silver and other micro-nutrients in the raw water input supply. The mineral introduce in water is again going to filtered by the desalination unit. So, after confirming that minerals are in ionic or digestible form desalination unit may pass the minerals in purified water.

Example: at a location if there is raw water with TDS 500 ppm and someone installed domestic RO water purifier at that location to purify this raw water.

The minerals in the water are in very rich quantity and the minerals are useful and non- contaminated.

[0091] Thus, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the diagrams, schematics, illustrations, and the like represent conceptual views or processes illustrating systems and methods embodying this invention. The functions of the various elements shown in the figures may be provided through the use of dedicated hardware as well as hardware capable of executing associated software. Similarly, any switches shown in the figures are conceptual only. Their function may be carried out through the operation of program logic, through dedicated logic, through the interaction of program control and dedicated logic, or even manually, the particular technique being selectable by the entity implementing this invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art further understand that the exemplary hardware, software, processes, methods, and/or operating systems described herein are for illustrative purposes and, thus, are not intended to be limited to any particular named.

[0092] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.

ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE

[0093] The present disclosure provides an efficient and cost-effective solution of the above-mentioned problems.

[0094] The present disclosure provides an arrangement to minimize wastage of waste water from existing/conventional water treatment systems.

[0095] The present disclosure provides an intelligence based water filtration system to provide mineral drinking water.

[0096] The present disclosure provides an artificial intelligence based system to standardize input water quality for water treatment systems to ensure water quality standard in every water treatment system, consequently reducing water wastage.

[0097] The present disclosure provides a cost-effective water treatment system which can show and/or share water standards data including TDS, pH, oxidation reduction potential (ORP)/ dissolved oxygen (DO) etc. of filtered/purified water.

[0098] The present disclosure provides a simple and cost effective cost-effective an artificial intelligence based water treatment/purification system which can provide output water quality as per water quality standard parameters.

Claims

We Claim:

1. A water filtration system comprising: a desalination unit fluidically connected with a water source through a feed water conduit to receive feed water from the water source, the desalination unit being configured for treating the received feed water to produce desalinated water and concentrated water; a concentrated water storage tank fluidically connected to the desalination unit through a concentrated water conduit to receive the concentrated water from the desalination unit, the concentrated water storage tank being fluidically connected to the feed water conduit through an outlet conduit to allow flow of at least a portion of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank to the feed water conduit for mixing of raw water coming from the water source and the at least a portion of the concentrated water to achieve a predefined total dissolved solids (TDS) valve of the feed water; a first sensor being configured with the concentrated water storage tank to sense at least TDS value of the concentrated water present in the concentrated water storage tank; a pump configured with the concentrated water storage tank to regulate flow of the at least a portion of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank to the feed water conduit; and a control unit operatively coupled to the first sensor and the pump, the control unit being configured to control operation of the pump for regulating flow of the at least a portion of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank to achieve a predefined TDS valve of the feed water.

2. The water filtration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water filtration system comprises a second senor configured with the feed water conduit to sense at least TDS value of the feed water and a third senor configured with the desalination unit to sense at least TDS value of the desalinated water; and wherein the second senor and the third senor are operatively coupled to the control unit.

3. The water filtration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit controls operation of the pump based on an input data received from at least one of the first sensor, the second senor and the third senor, wherein the input data being associated with sensed TDS value of one or more of the first sensor, the second senor and the third senor.

4. The water filtration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises one or more processors and a memory operatively coupled to the processors, the memory comprising a set of instructions executed by the one or more processors; wherein the control unit comprises an artificial intelligence based mechanism; and wherein the control unit further comprises a pulse width modulator.

5. The water filtration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to transmit the sensed TDS values of the first sensor, second senor, and the third sensor on a computing device of a user; wherein the water filtration system comprises a display unit to display the sensed TDS values of the first sensor, second senor, and the third sensor; and wherein the water filtration system comprises a unidirectional valve configured with the outlet conduit to allow flow of the concentrated water from the concentrated water storage tank

6. The water filtration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water filtration system comprises an activated carbon filter configured with the concentrated water conduit between the concentrated water storage tank and the desalination unit to remove heavy metals from and reduce bacteria growth in the concentrated water flowing through the concentrated water conduit; and wherein the activated carbon filter is a silver impregnated activated carbon filter.

7. The water filtration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, when the sensed TSD valve of the concentrated water stored in the concentrated water storage tank exceeds a threshold valve, a predefined quantity of the concentrated water drains out from the concentrated water storage tank through a drain conduit, and wherein a flushing valve is provided with the drain conduit to drain out the predefined quantity of the concentrated water through the drain conduit.

8. The water filtration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water filtration system comprises a water softener unit configured with an outlet of the drain conduit for softening the predefined quantity of the concentrated water, wherein the water softener unit is configured to remove calcium, magnesium, metal cations and scale forming hardness from the predefined quantity of the concentrated water.

9. The water filtration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the desalination unit comprises any of a hybrid membrane, one or more reverse osmosis membranes, and one or more nanofiltration membranes, wherein the hybrid membrane is a combination of one or more reverse osmosis membranes and one or more nanofiltration membranes; and wherein the water filtration system comprises a purified water tank for storage of the desalinated water which is suitable for drinking.

10. The water filtration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water filtration system comprises a mineral introduction unit for introducing one or more minerals selected from a group comprising calcium, magnesium, zinc, and silver in any of the feed water and the concentrated water.