WO2022252581A1 - 一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统及方法 Download PDF

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WO2022252581A1
WO2022252581A1 PCT/CN2021/140716 CN2021140716W WO2022252581A1 WO 2022252581 A1 WO2022252581 A1 WO 2022252581A1 CN 2021140716 W CN2021140716 W CN 2021140716W WO 2022252581 A1 WO2022252581 A1 WO 2022252581A1
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wind power
offshore wind
section system
scouring
grid
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PCT/CN2021/140716
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张庆
张立英
郭辰
李芊
邵振州
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中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司
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Priority to DE112021001211.8T priority Critical patent/DE112021001211T5/de
Publication of WO2022252581A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022252581A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E02B3/26—Fenders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular relates to a pile foundation anti-scouring system and method for offshore wind power.
  • the anti-scouring technology of the traditional pile foundation is to improve the anti-scouring ability by laying stones, concrete blocks, sandbags and other protective layers within the foundation range.
  • the engineering volume is large and the protection effect is average.
  • the present application aims to provide a pile foundation anti-scouring system and method for offshore wind power, which can reduce the water flow velocity in the protection area and achieve the purpose of anti-scouring of the foundation.
  • a pile foundation anti-scouring system for offshore wind power including a slope section system, a top section system, and a three-dimensional support structure;
  • the three-dimensional support structure is in the shape of a trapezoid, including a base, a top horizontal plane and an inclined slope; the inclined slope connects the base and the top horizontal plane;
  • Both the slope section system and the top section system are grid structures, and the grid system is composed of grids and columns, and each grid is vertically fixed by two columns;
  • a vertical slope section system is arranged on the inclined slope, and a vertical top section system is arranged on the top horizontal surface.
  • the grid structure of the slope section system and the top section system is single-layer or multi-layer.
  • the porosity of the grid is 10% to 50%, and the bottom edge is fixed on the three-dimensional support structure.
  • the grid is made of corrosion-resistant metal material.
  • the columns are fixed on the three-dimensional support structure and arranged at equal intervals.
  • the base is buried in the seabed and fixed.
  • the angle between the inclined slope surface and the horizontal plane is an angle ⁇ ; the range of the angle ⁇ is 30°-60°.
  • one or more layers of anti-scouring systems for offshore wind power pile foundations are arranged in front of the pile foundation of offshore wind power along the dominant flow direction of bottom water flow.
  • a method for anti-scouring of a pile foundation of offshore wind power comprising the following steps:
  • the seawater flows through the slope system on the inclined slope, and the sediment in the water is partially blocked by the grille, and the seawater is also blocked by the climbing and slope system, and the flow rate decreases;
  • the seawater flows through the top section system on the top level, the sediment in the water is blocked, the seawater is blocked by the top section system, and the flow velocity drops again, reducing the erosion of seawater on the pile foundation of offshore wind power.
  • This application uses a multi-layer grid structure to slow down the flow velocity of the water flow and block the sediment near the bottom of the seabed.
  • the inclined slope of the three-dimensional support structure is set to further increase the flow resistance and reduce the water flow velocity.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pile foundation anti-scouring system for offshore wind power according to the present invention.
  • a pile foundation anti-scouring system for offshore wind power in the present application includes a slope section system 1 , a top section system 2 and a three-dimensional support structure.
  • the three-dimensional support structure is in the shape of a trapezoid, including a base 5, a top horizontal plane 7 and an inclined slope 6; the inclined slope 6 connects the base 5 and the top horizontal plane 7; the base 5 is buried in the seabed and fixed.
  • the included angle between the inclined slope 6 and the horizontal plane is an angle ⁇ ; the base 5, the top horizontal surface 7 and the inclined slope 6 together form a three-dimensional support structure.
  • the range of ⁇ angle is generally 30°-60°.
  • the slope section system 1 and the top section system 2 are both grid structures; the top section system 2 is installed vertically on the top horizontal surface 7, and the slope section system 1 is vertically installed on the inclined slope surface 6; the grid structure consists of a grid 3 and a column 4 Each grid 3 is vertically fixed by two columns 4.
  • the grid structures of the slope section system 1 and the top section system 2 can be single-layer grids or multi-layer grids.
  • the grid 3 is made of corrosion-resistant metal material, its porosity is 10%-50%, and the bottom edge is fixed on the three-dimensional supporting structure.
  • Columns 4 are fixed on the three-dimensional support structure and arranged at equal intervals to play the role of connecting grids 3 and reinforcing the rigidity of grids 3 .
  • the base 5 of the three-dimensional support structure is embedded in the seabed and fixed.
  • the size of the three-dimensional support structure such as the height of the base, the inclination angle of the inclined slope, the height of the horizontal surface of the top, and the length along the direction of the water flow, etc., are designed according to parameters such as the speed of the seabed water flow.
  • the pile foundation anti-scouring system of offshore wind power can be arranged in one or more layers in front of the underwater foundation of the wind turbine and in the dominant flow direction of the bottom water flow.
  • the present application also provides a method for anti-scouring of pile foundations of offshore wind power, based on the anti-scouring system of pile foundations of offshore wind power in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 The seawater flows through the slope section system 1 on the inclined slope surface 6, and the sediment in the water is partially blocked by the grille 3, and the seawater is also blocked by the slope section system 1 due to climbing and the flow rate decreases;
  • Step 2 The seawater flows through the top section system 2 on the top horizontal surface 7, the sediment in the water is blocked, the seawater is blocked by the top section system 2, and the flow velocity drops again to achieve the purpose of anti-scouring of the pile foundation of offshore wind power.

Abstract

本申请公开了一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统及方法，所述系统包括坡段系统、顶段系统和立体支撑结构；立体支撑结构呈梯形状，包括底座、顶部水平面和倾斜坡面；倾斜坡面连接底座和顶部水平面；所述坡段系统、顶段系统均为格栅结构，所述格栅系统由格栅和立柱组成，每块格栅被两根立柱竖直固定；所述倾斜坡面上设置有竖直的坡段系统，所述顶部水平面上设置有竖直的顶段系统。本申请通过多层格栅结构减缓水流流速并阻滞靠近海床底层的泥沙；通过立体支撑结构的倾斜坡面设置，进一步增加流动阻力，降低水流流速；通过立体支撑结构与格栅结构的组合，显著增加海底粗糙度，降低水流流速，达到基础防冲刷的目的。

Description

一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统及方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求了2021年月6月4日向中国专利局提交的申请号为202110626846.6的专利的优先权，其全部内容以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请属于风力发电技术领域，具体涉及一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统及方法。
背景技术
随着单桩基础的海上风电机组装机容量快速增长，其基础防冲刷问题日益引起重视。传统桩基础的防冲刷技术是通过在基础范围内铺设石块、混凝土块、沙袋等防护层来提高抗冲刷能力，普遍工程量较大且防护效果一般。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本申请旨在提供一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统及方法，能够降低防护区内的水流流速，达到基础防冲刷的目的。
为了达到上述目的，本申请采用以下技术方案：
一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，包括坡段系统、顶段系统和立体支撑结构；
立体支撑结构呈梯形状，包括底座、顶部水平面和倾斜坡面；倾斜坡面连接底座和顶部水平面；
所述坡段系统、顶段系统均为格栅结构，所述格栅系统由格栅和立柱组成，每块格栅被两根立柱竖直固定；
所述倾斜坡面上设置有竖直的坡段系统，所述顶部水平面上设置有竖直的顶段系统。
本申请的技术方案，可选地，所述坡段系统、顶段系统的格栅结构为单层或多层。
本申请的技术方案，可选地，所述格栅孔隙度为10％～50％，底边固定在立体支撑结构上。
本申请的技术方案，可选地，所述格栅由耐腐蚀金属材料制成。
本申请的技术方案，可选地，所述立柱固定在立体支撑结构上，并按等间距布置。
本申请的技术方案，可选地，所述底座埋入海床固定。
本申请的技术方案，可选地，倾斜坡面与水平面的夹角为α角；α角的范围为30°-60°。
本申请的技术方案，可选地，海上风电的桩基础前方，沿海底水流的主导流向布置 一层或多层海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统。
一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷的方法，包括以下步骤：
海水流过倾斜坡面上的坡段系统，水中泥沙被格栅阻拦住了一部分，海水也因为爬坡和与坡段系统阻拦，流速下降；
海水流过顶部水平面上的顶段系统，水中泥沙被阻滞，海水被顶段系统阻拦，流速再次下降，降低海水对海上风电的桩基础的冲刷。
与现有技术相比，本申请具有以下优点：
1、本申请通过多层格栅结构减缓水流流速并阻滞靠近海床底层的泥沙。
2、本申请通过立体支撑结构的倾斜坡面设置，进一步增加流动阻力，降低水流流速。
3、本申请通过立体支撑结构与格栅结构的组合，显著增加海底粗糙度，降低水流流速，达到基础防冲刷的目的。在附图说明中：
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统的整体结构示意图。
1、坡段系统；2、顶段系统；3、格栅；4、立柱；5、基座；6、倾斜坡面；7、顶部水平面具体实施方式
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以下详细说明均是示例性的说明，旨在对本申请提供进一步的详细说明。除非另有指明，本申请所采用的所有技术术语与本申请所属领域的一般技术人员的通常理解的含义相同。本申请所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而并非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。
为使本申请实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效明白了解，下面结合附图，进一步阐述本申请。
实施例1
如图1所示，本申请的一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，包括坡段系统1、顶段系统2和立体支撑结构。
立体支撑结构呈梯形状，包括底座5、顶部水平面7和倾斜坡面6；倾斜坡面6连接底座5和顶部水平面7；底座5埋入海床固定。倾斜坡面6与水平面的夹角为α角；底座5、顶部水平面7和倾斜坡面6三者共同组成立体支撑结构。α角的范围一般在30°-60°。
坡段系统1、顶段系统2均为格栅结构；顶段系统2竖直安装在顶部水平面7，坡段 系统1竖直安装在倾斜坡面6；格栅结构由格栅3、立柱4组成，每块格栅3被两根立柱4竖直固定。
坡段系统1、顶段系统2的格栅结构均可为单层格栅或多层格栅。
格栅3由耐腐蚀金属材料制成，其孔隙度为10％-50％，底边固定在立体支撑结构上。
立柱4固定在立体支撑结构上，并按等间距布置，起连接格栅3并加固格栅3刚度的作用。
立体支撑结构的底座5埋入海床固定。
立体支撑结构的尺寸，如底座高度、倾斜坡面的倾斜角度、顶部水平面的高度及沿水流方向的长度等，视海底水流速度等参数设计。
海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，在风机水下基础的前方、沿海底水流的主导流向可布置一层或多层。
实施例2
本申请还提供一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷的方法，基于实施例1的一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、海水流过倾斜坡面6上的坡段系统1，水中泥沙被格栅3阻拦住了一部分，海水也因为爬坡和与坡段系统1阻拦，流速下降；
步骤二、海水流过顶部水平面7上的顶段系统2，水中泥沙被阻滞，海水被顶段系统2阻拦，流速再次下降达到海上风电的桩基础防冲刷的目的。
由技术常识可知，本申请可以通过其它的不脱离其精神实质或必要特征的实施方案来实现。因此，上述公开的实施方案，就各方面而言，都只是举例说明，并不是仅有的。所有在本申请范围内或在等同于本申请的范围内的改变均被本申请包含。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本申请的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本申请精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，其特征在于，包括坡段系统(1)、顶段系统(2)和立体支撑结构；
    立体支撑结构呈梯形状，包括底座(5)、顶部水平面(7)和倾斜坡面(6)；倾斜坡面(6)连接底座(5)和顶部水平面(7)；
    所述坡段系统(1)、顶段系统(2)均为格栅结构，所述格栅系统由格栅(3)和立柱(4)组成，每块格栅(3)被两根立柱(4)竖直固定；
    所述倾斜坡面(6)上设置有竖直的坡段系统(1)，所述顶部水平面(7)上设置有竖直的顶段系统(2)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，其特征在于，所述坡段系统(1)、顶段系统(2)的格栅结构为单层或多层。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，其特征在于，所述格栅(3)孔隙度为10％-～50％，底边固定在立体支撑结构上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，其特征在于，所述格栅(3)由耐腐蚀金属材料制成。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，其特征在于，所述立柱(4)固定在立体支撑结构上，并按等间距布置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，其特征在于，所述底座(5)埋入海床固定。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，其特征在于，倾斜坡面(6)与水平面的夹角为α角；α角的范围为30°-60°。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，其特征在于，海上风电的桩基础前方，沿海底水流的主导流向布置一层或多层海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统。
  9. 一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷的方法，其特征在于，基于权利要求1至8中任一项所述的一种海上风电的桩基础防冲刷系统，包括以下步骤：
    海水流过倾斜坡面(6)上的坡段系统(1)，水中泥沙被格栅(3)阻拦住了一部分，海水也因为爬坡和与坡段系统阻拦，流速下降；
    海水流过顶部水平面(7)上的顶段系统(2)，水中泥沙被阻滞，海水被顶段系统(2)阻拦，流速再次下降，降低海水对海上风电的桩基础的冲刷。
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