WO2022250127A1 - 神経突起伸長促進用キット及びその使用 - Google Patents
神経突起伸長促進用キット及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022250127A1 WO2022250127A1 PCT/JP2022/021676 JP2022021676W WO2022250127A1 WO 2022250127 A1 WO2022250127 A1 WO 2022250127A1 JP 2022021676 W JP2022021676 W JP 2022021676W WO 2022250127 A1 WO2022250127 A1 WO 2022250127A1
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- C12N2506/45—Differentiation of animal cells from one lineage to another; Differentiation of pluripotent cells from artificially induced pluripotent stem cells
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- C12N2740/00011—Details
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- C12N2740/16041—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a kit for promoting neurite outgrowth and its use. More specifically, the present invention relates to a kit for promoting neurite outgrowth, a method for producing neurospheres for treating spinal cord injury, a neurosphere for treating spinal cord injury, and a method for screening a neurite outgrowth promoting agent.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-089367 filed in Japan on May 27, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein.
- Non-Patent Document 2 The inventors have previously clarified that chronic spinal cord injury can be treated by treating neurospheres with DAPT (CAS number: 208255-80-5) and then transplanting them to the site of spinal cord injury.
- DAPT CAS number: 208255-80-5
- neurite outgrowth was promoted and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was increased in neurons induced to differentiate from neurospheres exposed to DAPT.
- Non-Patent Document 2. Non-Patent Document 2.
- Keirstead H. S., et al. Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Transplants Remyelinate and Restore Locomotion after Spinal Cord Injury, J. Neurosci., 25 (19), 4694-4705, 2005.
- Okubo T., et al. Treatment with a Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor Promotes Functional Recovery in Human iPSC- Derived Transplants for Chronic Spinal Cord Injury, Stem Cell Reports. 11 (6), 1416-1432, 2018.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a technique for promoting neurite outgrowth of pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons.
- the present invention includes the following aspects.
- [7] comprising the step of measuring the expression level of GADD45G or the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B in neurospheres, wherein the measured expression level of GADD45G or the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B is increased compared to a control
- [8] comprising the steps of culturing neurospheres in the presence of a test substance, and measuring the expression level of GADD45G or the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B in the neurospheres, wherein the expression level or phosphorylation of GADD45G
- a technique for promoting neurite outgrowth of pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons can be provided.
- FIG. 1(a) to (g) are representative fluorescence micrographs showing the results of immunostaining of ⁇ III-tubulin in Experimental Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a graph quantifying the results of FIGS. 1(a) to (g).
- 3 is a graph showing the results of quantifying the expression level of GADD45G in Experimental Example 2.
- FIG. 4(a) to (c) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of phosphorylated p38 in Experimental Example 3.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of quantifying the amount of phosphorylated p38 in Experimental Example 3.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of quantifying the expression level of p38 in Experimental Example 3.
- FIG. 7(a) to (c) are photographs showing representative results of immunostaining of phosphorylated CDC25B in Experimental Example 4.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of quantifying the amount of phosphorylated CDC25B in Experimental Example 4.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of quantifying the expression level of CDC25B in Experimental Example 4.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the signal cascade involved in neurite outgrowth.
- 11(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of phosphorylated p38 in Experimental Example 5.
- FIG. 11(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated p38 in Experimental Example 5.
- FIG. 12(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of phosphorylated CDC25B in Experimental Example 6.
- FIG. 12(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B in Experimental Example 6.
- FIG. 13(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of ⁇ III-tubulin in Experimental Example 7.
- FIG. 13(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the neurite length of nerve cells in Experimental Example 7.
- FIG. 14(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of ⁇ III-tubulin in Experimental Example 8.
- FIG. 14(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the neurite length of nerve cells in Experimental Example 8.
- FIG. 15(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of phosphorylated p38 in Experimental Example 9.
- FIG. 15(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated p38 in Experimental Example 9.
- FIG. 16(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of phosphorylated CDC25B in Experimental Example 9.
- FIG. FIG. 16(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B in Experimental Example 9.
- FIG. 17(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of ⁇ III-tubulin in Experimental Example 10.
- FIG. 17(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the neurite length of nerve cells in Experimental Example 10.
- FIG. 18 is a cluster analysis diagram of all fluctuated genes obtained by RNA-seq analysis in Experimental Example 11.
- FIG. 19(a) and (b) are diagrams showing the results of analyzing the expression patterns of marker genes of neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells in Experimental Example 11.
- FIG. 20(a) to (f) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining in Experimental Example 12.
- FIG. 21(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing a representative result of immunostaining of phosphorylated p38 on neurospheres derived from 201B7 cells in Experimental Example 13.
- FIG. 21(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the amount of phosphorylated p38 in neurospheres derived from 201B7 cells in Experimental Example 13.
- FIG. 22(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing representative results of p38 immunostaining of 201B7 cell-derived neurospheres in Experimental Example 13.
- FIG. FIG. 22(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of p38 in neurospheres derived from 201B7 cells in Experimental Example 13.
- FIG. 23(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing a representative result of immunostaining of phosphorylated p38 on 414C2 cell-derived neurospheres in Experimental Example 13.
- FIG. 23(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the amount of phosphorylated p38 in neurospheres derived from 414C2 cells in Experimental Example 13.
- FIG. 24(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing representative results of p38 immunostaining of 414C2 cell-derived neurospheres in Experimental Example 13.
- FIG. 24(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of p38 in 414C2 cell-derived neurospheres in Experimental Example 13.
- FIG. 25(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing typical results of Tau protein immunostaining of 201B7 cell-derived nerve cells in Experimental Example 14.
- FIG. 25(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the neurite length of neurons derived from 201B7 cells in Experimental Example 14.
- FIG. 26(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing representative results of immunostaining of Tau protein in 414C2 cell-derived nerve cells in Experimental Example 14.
- FIG. 26(b) is a graph showing the results of quantification of neurite length in 414C2 cell-derived neurons in Experimental Example 14.
- the present invention contains a ⁇ -secretase inhibitor or a GADD45G expression vector, and acts on neurospheres to induce differentiation of the neurospheres into neurons, thereby inhibiting neurite outgrowth of the neurons.
- a kit for promoting neurite outgrowth is provided for promoting compared to.
- the kit for promoting neurite outgrowth of the present embodiment contains a ⁇ -secretase inhibitor or a GADD45G expression vector, and acts on neurospheres to induce differentiation of the neurospheres into nerve cells, thereby neurite outgrowth of the nerve cells. It can also be said to be a neurite outgrowth-promoting agent for promoting neurite outgrowth compared to controls.
- neurospheres refer to spherical cell aggregates formed by suspension culture of neural stem cells or neural progenitor cells.
- Neural stem cells mean cells having self-renewal ability and differentiation ability to neural progenitor cells.
- neural progenitor cells are undifferentiated cells that have undergone one-stage differentiation from neural stem cells, and are cells that self-proliferate and ultimately differentiate into nerve cells.
- Neural stem cells or neural progenitor cells are preferably obtained by differentiation induction from pluripotent stem cells.
- Pluripotent stem cells include embryonic stem cells (ES cells), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), and the like.
- Pluripotent stem cells are preferably human cells.
- neurospheres can be obtained by suspension culture of pluripotent stem cells in a medium containing at least one of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF).
- bFGF basic fibroblast growth factor
- EGF epidermal growth factor
- the obtained neurospheres may be dissociated into single cells and subjected to suspension culture again in a medium containing bFGF to form neurospheres again, which may be repeated multiple times.
- neurospheres are treated with a ⁇ -secretase inhibitor to induce differentiation into neurons, neurite outgrowth of neurons can be promoted compared to controls.
- the expression vector may be a viral vector, a plasmid vector, or a transposon vector.
- controls include nerve cells differentiated from neurospheres not treated with a ⁇ -secretase inhibitor, nerve cells differentiated from neurospheres not introduced with a GADD45G expression vector, and the like.
- the expression that neurite outgrowth is promoted means that the number of neurites of neurons is increased compared to controls when neurospheres are induced to differentiate into neurons, and/or Longer neurite length compared to controls.
- ⁇ -secretase inhibitors include Compound 34 (CAS number: 564462-36-8), DAPT (CAS number: 208255-80-5), and the like.
- Compound 34 is preferable in that a neurite outgrowth-promoting effect can be obtained at a lower concentration than DAPT.
- the kit for promoting neurite outgrowth of the present embodiment preferably further contains a phosphorylated p38 MAPK dephosphorylation inhibitor.
- the combined use of a ⁇ -secretase inhibitor and a dephosphorylation inhibitor of phosphorylated p38 can further improve the effect of promoting neurite outgrowth of neurons.
- a dephosphorylation inhibitor of phosphorylated p38 includes RK-682 (CAS number: 150627-37-5).
- the kit for promoting neurite outgrowth of the present embodiment contains a ⁇ -secretase inhibitor and a p38 dephosphorylation inhibitor, both may be housed in separate containers, or they may be mixed and housed in the same container. may When the ⁇ -secretase inhibitor and the p38 dephosphorylation inhibitor are mixed to form a composition, the kit for promoting neurite outgrowth of the present embodiment contains the ⁇ -secretase inhibitor and the p38 dephosphorylation inhibitor. a composition for promoting neurite outgrowth for promoting neurite outgrowth of said nerve cells as compared with a control by acting on the neurospheres to induce differentiation of said neurospheres into nerve cells. be able to.
- the present invention provides a method for producing neurospheres for treating spinal cord injury, comprising the step of allowing the above-described kit for promoting neurite outgrowth to act on pluripotent stem cell-derived neurospheres.
- a neurosphere for treating spinal cord injury can be manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present embodiment.
- the pluripotent stem cells, neurospheres, and kit for promoting neurite outgrowth are the same as those described above.
- the ⁇ -secretase inhibitor effectively suppresses neurosphere cell division when added to the neurosphere medium, does not exhibit significant cytotoxicity to the neurospheres, and It is preferred to work at a concentration that does not form a precipitate at .
- the final concentration of DAPT in the neurosphere medium is preferably 10-100 ⁇ M, more preferably about 10 ⁇ M.
- the final concentration of Compound 34 in the neurosphere medium is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ M, more preferably about 1 ⁇ M.
- the period for allowing the ⁇ -secretase inhibitor to act on the neurospheres may be 8 to 72 hours, 12 to 48 hours, or 20 to 24 hours.
- the final concentration of RK-682 in the neurosphere medium is preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ M, more preferably about 10 ⁇ M. .
- the period for allowing the dephosphorylation inhibitor of phosphorylated p38 to act on neurospheres is preferably 10 to 100 hours, more preferably 20 to 24 hours.
- the ⁇ -secretase inhibitor and the phosphorylated p38 dephosphorylation inhibitor may act on the neurospheres at the same time, or the ⁇ -secretase inhibitor may act on the neurospheres before the phosphorylated p38 dephosphorylation inhibitor acts on the neurospheres. You may let
- the invention provides neurospheres for treating spinal cord injury that have increased expression of GADD45G or increased abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B compared to a control.
- the control includes neurospheres not treated with a ⁇ -secretase inhibitor.
- neurospheres treated with Compound 34 or DAPT showed a significantly increased expression of GADD45G compared to neurospheres not treated with Compound 34 or DAPT. It was found that the abundance of phosphorylated p38 was significantly increased, and the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B was significantly increased. Therefore, the neurospheres of this embodiment promote neurite outgrowth when induced to differentiate into nerve cells.
- the inventors also revealed that neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G had a significantly increased abundance of phosphorylated p38, and that neurite outgrowth was significantly promoted when induced to differentiate into neurons. did.
- spinal cord injury can be effectively treated by transplanting the neurospheres of this embodiment to the spinal cord injury site of chronic spinal cord injury patients.
- the expression level of GADD45G may be measured at the mRNA level or at the protein level.
- the expression level of GADD45G mRNA can be measured by quantitative RT-PCR or the like.
- the expression level of GADD45G protein can be measured by cell immunostaining, Western blotting, or the like.
- the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B can be measured by cell immunostaining, Western blotting, or the like.
- the neurospheres of this embodiment are preferably manufactured by the above-described method for manufacturing neurospheres for treating spinal cord injury.
- the present invention comprises the step of measuring the expression level of GADD45G or the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B in neurospheres, wherein the measured expression level of GADD45G or the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B is compared to a control
- a method for selecting neurospheres for treating spinal cord injury is provided, wherein the increase in the number of cells indicates that the neurospheres are suitable for spinal cord injury treatment.
- the control includes neurospheres not treated with a ⁇ -secretase inhibitor.
- Spinal cord injury can be effectively treated by transplanting neurospheres that have been shown to be suitable for spinal cord injury treatment by the screening method of this embodiment to the site of spinal cord injury in patients with chronic spinal cord injury.
- the method for measuring the expression level of GADD45G and the method for measuring the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B are the same as those described above.
- the present invention comprises the steps of culturing neurospheres in the presence of a test substance, and measuring the expression level of GADD45G or the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B in the neurospheres, wherein the GADD45G The expression level of or the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B increased compared to the absence of the test substance, indicating that the test substance is a neurite outgrowth promoter, Screening for a neurite outgrowth promoter provide a way.
- the inventors found that when neurospheres with an increased expression level of GADD45G or an increased abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B were induced to differentiate into neurons, neurite outgrowth of neurons increased compared to controls. showed that it could be promoted.
- nerve cells induced to differentiate from neurospheres not treated with a ⁇ -secretase inhibitor can be mentioned.
- a test substance that increases the expression level of GADD45G or the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B in neurospheres when the neurospheres are cultured in the presence of the test substance is a neurite outgrowth promoting agent.
- the method for measuring the expression level of GADD45G and the method for measuring the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B are the same as those described above.
- test substance is not particularly limited, and examples include natural compound libraries, synthetic compound libraries, existing drug libraries, and metabolite libraries.
- the test substance may act on neurospheres, may act on at least part of the process of inducing differentiation of neurospheres into nerve cells, or may act on all of the process of inducing differentiation of neurospheres into nerve cells.
- the test substance may be allowed to act, for example, for 20-24 hours.
- ⁇ -secretase inhibitors include DAPT (CAS number: 208255-80-5), Compound 34 (CAS number: 564462-36-8), L-685,458 (CAS number: 292632-98-5), LY411575 ( CAS number: 209984-57-6), Sulindac (CAS number: 38194-50-2, which is also an anti-inflammatory agent), and Compound E (CAS number: 209986-17-4).
- 201B7 cells a human iPS cell line, were differentiated into neurospheres.
- the cells were dissociated and seeded in a cell culture dish (product name “ultralow-attachment culture dish”, Corning Inc.) at a cell density of 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells/mL in nerve induction medium, and placed in a hypoxic and humid environment. They were cultured under (4% O 2 , 5% CO 2 ) for 6 days to differentiate into neurospheres.
- a cell culture dish product name “ultralow-attachment culture dish”, Corning Inc.
- MHM medium As the nerve induction medium, MHM medium whose composition is shown in Table 1 below, 2% B27 supplement (Vitamin A-free, Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog number “17504-044”), 20 ng/mL FGF2 (Peprotech) ), 10 ⁇ M Y27632 (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number "146986-50-7"), 1 ⁇ M retinoic acid (RA, Sigma, catalog number "R2625-1G”), 3 ⁇ M CHIR 99021 (Reprocell, catalog number "04 -0004") and 10 ⁇ M SB431542 (Calbiochem, catalog number "301836-41-9”) were added to the medium.
- the formed neurospheres were subsequently dissociated into single cells, passaged in modified neural induction medium, and cultured in a hypoxic environment (4% O 2 ) for 6 days.
- modified nerve induction medium MHM medium whose composition is shown in Table 1 above, 2% B27 supplement (vitamin A-free, catalog number “17504-044", Thermo Fisher Scientific), 20 ng / mL FGF2 ( Peprotech), 10 ⁇ M Y27632 (catalog number “146986-50-7”, Sigma-Aldrich) and 1 ⁇ M retinoic acid (RA, catalog number “R2625-1G”, Sigma) were used.
- the neurospheres were cultured for 24 hours in the presence of each ⁇ -secretase inhibitor.
- DAPT was added to the neurosphere medium at final concentrations of 10 ⁇ M, Compound 34 at 1 ⁇ M, L-685,458 at 10 ⁇ M, LY411575 at 10 ⁇ M, Sulindac at 10 ⁇ M, and Compound E at 5 ⁇ M.
- a control group was also prepared which was cultured in the absence of the ⁇ -secretase inhibitor.
- each neurosphere was seeded on a poly-L-ornithine/fibronectin-coated 48-well chamber slide (Iwaki) in a growth factor-free medium at 37°C, 5% CO 2 , 95% air. for 14 days to differentiate into neurons.
- each nerve cell obtained was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M PBS, and immunostained for ⁇ III-tubulin, a nerve cell marker, and Tau protein, which is abundantly distributed in axons, respectively. The length of the projection was measured.
- FIG. 1(a) to (g) are representative fluorescence micrographs of neurons immunostained for ⁇ III-tubulin. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 1(a) is a photograph of control neurons
- FIG. 1(b) is a photograph of neurons induced to differentiate from DAPT-treated neurospheres
- FIG. 1(c) is a photograph of Compound 34-treated neurospheres.
- Fig. 1(d) is a photograph of differentiation-induced neurons of L-685,458-treated neurospheres
- Fig. 1(e) is a photograph of differentiation-induced neurons of LY411575-treated neurospheres.
- FIG. 1(f) is a photograph of nerve cells induced to differentiate Sulindac-treated neurospheres
- FIG. 1(g) is a photograph of nerve cells induced to differentiate Compound E-treated neurospheres. is.
- Figure 2 is a graph that quantifies the results of Figures 1(a) to (g).
- Ctl indicates the result of control
- DAPT indicates the result of DAPT treatment
- C.34 indicates the result of Compound 34 treatment
- L -685 indicates that it is the result of L-685,458 treatment
- LY indicates that it is the result of LY411575 treatment
- Suli indicates that it is the result of Sulindac treatment
- “Com. ” indicates the result of Compound E processing.
- ** indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.01
- * indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.05
- N indicates that there is no significant difference. indicates that
- neurospheres derived from 414C2 cells were prepared by the following method. First, 414C2 cells were adherently cultured with fetal mouse fibroblasts for 12 days. Subsequently, the cells were cultured in suspension for 30 days to form embryoid bodies. Subsequently, the aggregated cells were dissociated and cultured in a medium supplemented with 20 ng/mL FGF2 (Peprotech) in the MHM medium whose composition is shown in Table 1 above to differentiate into neurospheres.
- each iPS cell-derived neurosphere was treated with DAPT and Compound 34, respectively.
- one neurosphere with a diameter of about 100 ⁇ m was selected from each group of neurospheres and subjected to RNA-seq analysis.
- Fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of quantifying the expression level of GADD45G based on transcriptome data obtained by treating 201B7 cell-derived neurospheres with DAPT and Compound 34, respectively, performing RNA-seq analysis.
- Ctl indicates the result of control
- DAPT indicates the result of DAPT treatment
- C.34 indicates the result of Compound 34 treatment.
- *** indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.001.
- FIG. 4(a) to (c) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining.
- FIG. 4(a) is the result of control
- FIG. 4(b) is the result of DAPT treatment
- FIG. 4(c) is the result of Compound 34 treatment.
- P-p38 indicates phosphorylated p38.
- the scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated p38 in neurospheres treated with each ⁇ -secretase inhibitor.
- Ctl indicates the result of control
- DAPT indicates the result of DAPT treatment
- C.34 indicates the result of Compound 34 treatment
- L -685 indicates that it is the result of L-685,458 treatment
- LY indicates that it is the result of LY411575 treatment
- “Suli” indicates that it is the result of Sulindac treatment
- “Com. ” indicates the result of Compound E processing.
- ** indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.01
- “NS” indicates that there is no significant difference.
- Fig. 6 is a graph showing the results of treating 201B7 cell-derived neurospheres with DAPT and Compound 34, respectively, performing RNA-seq analysis, and quantifying the expression level of p38 based on transcriptome data.
- Ctl indicates the result of control
- DAPT indicates the result of DAPT treatment
- C.34 indicates the result of Compound 34 treatment.
- NS indicates that there is no significant difference.
- FIG. 7(a) to (c) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of DAPT treatment and Compound 34 treatment.
- FIG. 7(a) is the result of the control
- FIG. 7(b) is the result of the DAPT treatment
- FIG. 7(c) is the result of the Compound 34 treatment.
- P-CDC25B indicates phosphorylated CDC25B.
- the scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B in neurospheres treated with each ⁇ -secretase inhibitor.
- Ctl indicates the result of control
- DAPT indicates the result of DAPT treatment
- C.34 indicates the result of Compound 34 treatment
- L -685 indicates that it is the result of L-685,458 treatment
- LY indicates that it is the result of LY411575 treatment
- “Suli” indicates that it is the result of Sulindac treatment
- “Com. ” indicates the result of Compound E processing.
- “*” indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.05
- ** indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.01
- NS indicates that there is no significant difference. indicates that
- Fig. 9 is a graph showing the results of quantifying the expression level of CDC25B based on the transcriptome data obtained by treating 201B7 cell-derived neurospheres with DAPT and Compound 34, respectively, performing RNA-seq analysis.
- Ctl indicates the result of control
- DAPT indicates the result of DAPT treatment
- C.34 indicates the result of Compound 34 treatment.
- *** indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.001.
- each neurosphere was cultured in the presence of DAPT and Compound 34 for 24 hours.
- DAPT and Compound 34 were used at the same concentrations as in Experimental Example 1.
- FIGS. 11(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining.
- FIG. 11(a) shows the results of DAPT treatment after introduction of control siRNA
- FIG. 11(b) shows the results of DAPT treatment after introduction of siRNA against GADD45G. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- P-p38 indicates phosphorylated p38.
- FIG. 11(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated p38 in each group.
- "DAPT” indicates the result of the control siRNA introduced and then subjected to DAPT treatment
- "DAPT + siRNA (GADD45G)” indicates that siRNA against GADD45G was introduced and then DAPT treatment. This indicates that the In addition, "**" indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.01.
- FIGS. 12 (a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining.
- FIG. 12(a) shows the control results of DAPT treatment in the absence of SB203580
- FIG. 12(b) shows the results of DAPT treatment in the presence of SB203580.
- Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- P-CDC25B indicates phosphorylated CDC25B.
- FIG. 12(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B in each group.
- “DAPT” indicates the results of control DAPT treatment in the absence of SB203580
- “DAPT+SB203580” indicates the results of DAPT treatment in the presence of SB203580. show.
- “*” indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.05.
- each neurosphere was seeded on a poly-L-ornithine/fibronectin-coated 48-well chamber slide (Iwaki) in a growth factor-free medium at 37°C, 5% CO 2 , 95% air. for 14 days to differentiate into neurons.
- each nerve cell obtained was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M PBS, and immunostained for ⁇ III-tubulin, a nerve cell marker, and Tau protein, which is abundantly distributed in axons, respectively. The length of the projection was measured.
- FIG. 13(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of ⁇ III-tubulin.
- FIG. 13(a) shows the control results of DAPT treatment in the absence of SB203580
- FIG. 13(b) shows the results of DAPT treatment in the presence of SB203580.
- Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 13(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the neurite length of nerve cells in each group.
- “DAPT” indicates the results of control DAPT treatment in the absence of SB203580
- “DAPT+SB203580” indicates the results of DAPT treatment in the presence of SB203580. show.
- “*” indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.05.
- each neurosphere was cultured in the presence of DAPT and Compound 34 for 24 hours.
- DAPT and Compound 34 were used at the same concentrations as in Experimental Example 1.
- each neurosphere was seeded on a poly-L-ornithine/fibronectin-coated 48-well chamber slide (Iwaki) in a growth factor-free medium at 37°C, 5% CO 2 , 95% air. for 14 days to differentiate into neurons.
- each nerve cell obtained was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, and immunostained for ⁇ III-tubulin, which is a nerve cell marker, and Tau protein, which is abundantly distributed in axons, respectively, to determine the length of neurites. It was measured.
- FIG. 14(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining.
- FIG. 14(a) shows the results of DAPT treatment after introduction of control siRNA
- FIG. 14(b) shows the results of DAPT treatment after introduction of siRNA against CDC25B.
- Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 14(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the neurite length of neurons in each group.
- "DAPT + siRNA (control)” indicates the result of the control siRNA was introduced and then subjected to DAPT treatment
- "DAPT + siRNA (CDC25B)” was introduced with siRNA against CDC25B. It indicates the result of DAPT processing.
- “*” indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.05.
- neurospheres derived from 201B7 cells, a human iPS cell line were prepared. Neurospheres were then cultured for 24 hours in the presence of RK-682 at a final concentration of 20 ⁇ M. A group without addition of RK-682 was also prepared as a control. Subsequently, each neurosphere was fixed with paraformaldehyde and immunostained for phosphorylated p38 and phosphorylated CDC25B, respectively.
- FIGS. 15(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of phosphorylated p38.
- FIG. 15(a) is the result of control
- FIG. 15(b) is the result of RK-682 treatment. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- P-p38 indicates phosphorylated p38.
- FIG. 15(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated p38 in each group.
- Control indicates the result of control without RK-682 treatment
- RK-682 indicates the result of RK-682 treatment.
- * indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.05.
- FIGS. 16(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of phosphorylated CDC25B.
- FIG. 16(a) is the result of control
- FIG. 16(b) is the result of RK-682 treatment. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- P-CDC25B indicates phosphorylated CDC25B.
- FIG. 16(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated CDC25B in each group.
- Control indicates the result of control without RK-682 treatment
- RK-682 indicates the result of RK-682 treatment.
- * indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.05.
- each neurosphere was seeded on a poly-L-ornithine/fibronectin-coated 48-well chamber slide (Iwaki) in a growth factor-free medium at 37°C, 5% CO 2 , 95% air. for 14 days to differentiate into neurons.
- each nerve cell obtained was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M PBS, and immunostained for ⁇ III-tubulin, a nerve cell marker, and Tau protein, which is abundantly distributed in axons, respectively. The length of the projection was measured.
- FIGS. 17(a) and (b) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining of ⁇ III-tubulin.
- FIG. 17(a) is the result of control
- FIG. 17(b) is the result of RK-682 treatment.
- Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 17(c) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the neurite length of nerve cells in each group.
- Control indicates the result of control without RK-682 treatment
- RK-682 indicates the result of RK-682 treatment.
- ** indicates that there is a significant difference at p ⁇ 0.01.
- RNA-seq analysis was used to examine comprehensive gene transcription level changes when they acted on neurospheres.
- neurospheres derived from the human iPS cell line 201B7 cells and neurospheres derived from the human iPS cell line 414C2 cells were prepared. Subsequently, each iPS cell-derived neurosphere was treated with DAPT and Compound 34, respectively. Subsequently, one neurosphere with a diameter of about 100 ⁇ m was selected from each group of neurospheres and subjected to RNA-seq analysis.
- Fig. 18 is a cluster analysis diagram of all fluctuated genes obtained by RNA-seq analysis.
- B7 indicates the results of neurospheres derived from 201B7 cells
- 414C2 indicates the results of neurospheres derived from 414C2 cells
- Control indicates that both DAPT and Compound 34 act.
- DAPT indicates the results of the action of DAPT
- C34 indicates the results of the action of Compound 34.
- Figures 19(a) and (b) show the expression patterns of NESTIN, MUSASHI1, HES1, SOX2, SOX3, PAX6, FABP7 and ID1, which are marker genes for neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells, in neurospheres derived from 201B7 cells. It is a figure which shows the result of having analyzed.
- B7 indicates the results of neurospheres derived from 201B7 cells
- Control indicates the results of a control in which neither DAPT nor Compound 34 was allowed to act
- DAPT indicates the results of DAPT.
- C34 indicates the result of the action of Compound 34.
- each neurosphere was seeded on a poly-L-ornithine/fibronectin-coated 48-well chamber slide (Iwaki) in a growth factor-free medium at 37°C, 5% CO 2 , 95% air. for 14 days to differentiate into neurons.
- each nerve cell obtained was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and immunostained for the nerve cell marker ⁇ III-tubulin and phosphorylated CDC25B.
- Figures 20(a) to (f) are fluorescence micrographs showing representative results of immunostaining. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- Figures 20(a) and (b) are the results of control without DAPT treatment or Compound 34 treatment
- Figures 20(c) and (d) are the results of DAPT treatment
- Figure 20(e) and (f) are the results of Compound 34 processing.
- 20(a), (c), and (e) are the results of immunostaining for ⁇ III-tubulin
- FIGS. 20(b), (d), and (f) are the results of immunostaining for phosphorylated CDC25B. be.
- 201B7 cell-derived neurospheres and 414C2 cell-derived neurospheres were prepared. Subsequently, a GADD45G expression construct was introduced into each group of neurospheres using a lentiviral vector to overexpress GADD45G. A group into which an empty lentiviral vector was introduced was also prepared as a control. Each neurosphere was then fixed with paraformaldehyde and immunostained for phosphorylated p38 and p38.
- FIG. 21(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing representative results of immunostaining of phosphorylated p38 on neurospheres derived from 201B7 cells. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- Control indicates the results for control neurospheres
- GADD45G OE indicates the results for neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G
- Phospho-p38 indicates the results for phosphorous. This is the result of detecting oxidized p38.
- 'Venus' was used as an empty lentiviral vector reporter.
- EGFP was used as a reporter in the lentiviral vector for GADD45G expression.
- FIG. 21(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated p38 in neurospheres derived from 201B7 cells in each group.
- “Ctl” indicates the results for control neurospheres
- “GADD45G OE” indicates the results for neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G.
- FIG. 22(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing representative results of p38 immunostaining of 201B7 cell-derived neurospheres. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- Control indicates the results of control neurospheres
- GADD45G OE indicates the results of neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G
- p38 indicates the detection of p38. indicates that the result is 'Venus' was used as an empty lentiviral vector reporter.
- EGFP was used as a reporter in the lentiviral vector for GADD45G expression.
- FIG. 22(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of p38 in neurospheres derived from 201B7 cells in each group.
- Ctl indicates the results for control neurospheres
- GADD45G OE indicates the results for neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G.
- FIG. 23(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing representative results of immunostaining of phosphorylated p38 on neurospheres derived from 414C2 cells. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- Control indicates the results for control neurospheres
- GADD45G OE indicates the results for neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G
- Phospho-p38 indicates the results for phosphorous. This is the result of detecting oxidized p38.
- 'Venus' was used as an empty lentiviral vector reporter.
- EGFP was used as a reporter in the lentiviral vector for GADD45G expression.
- FIG. 23(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of phosphorylated p38 in neurospheres derived from 414C2 cells in each group.
- “Ctl” indicates the results for control neurospheres
- “GADD45G OE” indicates the results for neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G.
- FIG. 24(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing representative results of p38 immunostaining of 414C2 cell-derived neurospheres. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- Control indicates the results of control neurospheres
- GADD45G OE indicates the results of neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G
- p38 indicates the detection of p38. indicates that the result is 'Venus' was used as an empty lentiviral vector reporter.
- EGFP was used as a reporter in the lentiviral vector for GADD45G expression.
- FIG. 24(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the abundance of p38 in the 414C2 cell-derived neurospheres of each group.
- Ctl indicates the results for control neurospheres
- GADD45G OE indicates the results for neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G.
- 201B7 cell-derived neurospheres and 414C2 cell-derived neurospheres were prepared. Subsequently, a GADD45G expression construct was introduced into each group of neurospheres using a lentiviral vector to overexpress GADD45G. A group into which an empty lentiviral vector was introduced was also prepared as a control.
- each neurosphere was seeded on a poly-L-ornithine/fibronectin-coated 48-well chamber slide (Iwaki) in a growth factor-free medium at 37°C, 5% CO 2 , 95% air. for 14 days to differentiate into neurons.
- each nerve cell obtained was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1M PBS, immunostained for Tau protein, and the length of neurites was measured.
- FIG. 25(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing representative results of Tau protein immunostaining of 201B7 cell-derived neurons. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- Control indicates the results for control neurospheres
- GADD45G OE indicates the results for neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G.
- 'Venus' was used as an empty lentiviral vector reporter.
- EGFP was used as a reporter in the lentiviral vector for GADD45G expression.
- FIG. 25(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the neurite length of the 201B7 cell-derived neurons of each group.
- “Ctl” indicates the results for control neurons
- “GADD45G OE” indicates the results for neurons overexpressing GADD45G.
- FIG. 26(a) is a fluorescence micrograph showing representative results of Tau protein immunostaining of 414C2 cell-derived nerve cells. Scale bar is 100 ⁇ m.
- Control indicates the results for control neurospheres
- GADD45G OE indicates the results for neurospheres overexpressing GADD45G.
- 'Venus' was used as an empty lentiviral vector reporter.
- EGFP was used as a reporter in the lentiviral vector for GADD45G expression.
- FIG. 26(b) is a graph showing the results of quantifying the neurite length of 414C2 cell-derived neurons in each group.
- “Ctl” indicates the results of control neurons
- “GADD45G OE” indicates the results of neurons overexpressing GADD45G.
- a technique for promoting neurite outgrowth of pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
[1]γセクレターゼ阻害剤又はGADD45Gの発現ベクターを含み、ニューロスフェアに作用させて前記ニューロスフェアを神経細胞に分化誘導することにより、前記神経細胞の神経突起伸長を、対照と比較して促進させるための、神経突起伸長促進用キット。
[2]前記γセクレターゼ阻害剤が、Compound 34又はDAPTである、[1]に記載の神経突起伸長促進用キット。
[3]リン酸化p38 MAPKの脱リン酸化阻害剤を更に含む、[1]又は[2]に記載の神経突起伸長促進用キット。
[4]前記リン酸化p38 MAPKの脱リン酸化阻害剤が、RK-682である、[3]に記載の神経突起伸長促進用キット。
[5]多能性幹細胞由来ニューロスフェアに、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の神経突起伸長促進用キットを作用させる工程を含む、脊髄損傷治療用ニューロスフェアの製造方法。
[6]対照と比較して、GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量が増加している、脊髄損傷治療用ニューロスフェア。
[7]ニューロスフェアにおけるGADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量を測定する工程を含み、測定された前記GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量が、対照と比較して増加していることが、前記ニューロスフェアが脊髄損傷治療に適していることを示す、脊髄損傷治療用ニューロスフェアの選別方法。
[8]ニューロスフェアを被験物質の存在下で培養する工程と、前記ニューロスフェアの、GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量を測定する工程と、を含み、前記GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量が、前記被験物質の非存在下と比較して上昇したことが、前記被験物質が神経突起伸長促進剤であることを示す、神経突起伸長促進剤のスクリーニング方法。
1実施形態において、本発明は、γセクレターゼ阻害剤又はGADD45Gの発現ベクターを含み、ニューロスフェアに作用させて前記ニューロスフェアを神経細胞に分化誘導することにより、前記神経細胞の神経突起伸長を、対照と比較して促進させるための、神経突起伸長促進用キットを提供する。本実施形態の神経突起伸長促進用キットは、γセクレターゼ阻害剤又はGADD45Gの発現ベクターを含み、ニューロスフェアに作用させて前記ニューロスフェアを神経細胞に分化誘導することにより、前記神経細胞の神経突起伸長を、対照と比較して促進させるための、神経突起伸長促進剤であるということもできる。
1実施形態において、本発明は、多能性幹細胞由来ニューロスフェアに、上述した神経突起伸長促進用キットを作用させる工程を含む、脊髄損傷治療用ニューロスフェアの製造方法を提供する。
1実施形態において、本発明は、対照と比較して、GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量が増加している、脊髄損傷治療用ニューロスフェアを提供する。ここで、対照としては、γセクレターゼ阻害剤を作用させていないニューロスフェアが挙げられる。
1実施形態において、本発明は、ニューロスフェアにおけるGADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量を測定する工程を含み、測定された前記GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量が、対照と比較して増加していることが、前記ニューロスフェアが脊髄損傷治療に適していることを示す、脊髄損傷治療用ニューロスフェアの選別方法を提供する。ここで、対照としては、γセクレターゼ阻害剤を作用させていないニューロスフェアが挙げられる。
1実施形態において、本発明は、ニューロスフェアを被験物質の存在下で培養する工程と、前記ニューロスフェアの、GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量を測定する工程と、を含み、前記GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量が、前記被験物質の非存在下と比較して上昇したことが、前記被験物質が神経突起伸長促進剤であることを示す、神経突起伸長促進剤のスクリーニング方法を提供する。
(γセクレターゼ阻害剤による神経突起伸長促進効果の検討)
ヒトiPS細胞由来ニューロスフェアに様々なγセクレターゼ阻害剤を作用させた。続いて、各ニューロスフェアを神経細胞に分化誘導し、神経突起伸長を検討した。γセクレターゼ阻害剤としては、DAPT(CAS番号:208255-80-5)、Comound 34(CAS番号:564462-36-8)、L-685,458(CAS番号:292632-98-5)、LY411575(CAS番号:209984-57-6)、Sulindac(CAS番号:38194-50-2、抗炎症薬でもある。)、Compound E(CAS番号:209986-17-4)を使用した。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検討1)
《GADD45Gの発現量の検討》
実験例1と同様にして、ヒトiPS細胞株である201B7細胞由来のニューロスフェアを作製した。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検討2)
《リン酸化p38の検討》
実験例1と同様にして、201B7細胞由来のニューロスフェアを様々なγセクレターゼ阻害剤で処理した。γセクレターゼ阻害剤としては、DAPT、Comound 34、L-685,458、LY411575、Sulindac、Compound Eを、実験例1と同濃度で使用した。続いて、各ニューロスフェアをパラホルムアルデヒドで固定し、リン酸化p38を免疫染色した。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検討3)
《リン酸化CDC25Bの検討》
実験例1と同様にして、201B7細胞由来のニューロスフェアを、様々なγセクレターゼ阻害剤で処理した。γセクレターゼ阻害剤としては、DAPT、Comound 34、L-685,458、LY411575、Sulindac、Compound Eを、実験例1と同濃度で使用した。続いて、各ニューロスフェアをパラホルムアルデヒドで固定し、リン酸化CDC25Bを免疫染色した。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検証1)
《GADD45Gのノックダウン》
図10に示すシグナルカスケードが、実際に神経突起伸長に関わっているか否かを検証した。まず、実験例1と同様にして、ヒトiPS細胞株である201B7細胞由来のニューロスフェアを作製した。続いて、ニューロスフェアにGADD45Gに対するsiRNA(カタログ番号「4392420」、サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック社)を導入した。siRNAの導入には、市販のキット(製品名「HiPerFect Transfection Reagent」、カタログ番号「301705」、キアゲン社)を使用した。また、対照としてコントロールsiRNA(カタログ番号「4390844」、サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック社)を導入した群も用意した。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検証2)
《SB203580の添加がCDC25Bのリン酸化に及ぼす影響の検討》
実験例1と同様にして、ヒトiPS細胞株である201B7細胞由来のニューロスフェアを作製した。続いて、ニューロスフェアを、DAPT及びCompound 34の存在下でそれぞれ24時間培養した。DAPT及びCompound 34は、実験例1と同濃度で使用した。また、この時に、p38阻害剤であるSB203580(CAS番号:152121-47-6)を終濃度20μMで培地に添加した。また、対照としてSB203580を添加しない群も用意した。続いて、各ニューロスフェアをパラホルムアルデヒドで固定し、リン酸化CDC25Bを免疫染色した。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検証3)
《SB203580の添加が神経突起伸長に及ぼす影響の検討》
実験例1と同様にして、ヒトiPS細胞株である201B7細胞由来のニューロスフェアを作製した。続いて、ニューロスフェアを、DAPT及びCompound 34の存在下でそれぞれ24時間培養した。DAPT及びCompound 34は、実験例1と同濃度で使用した。また、この時に、p38阻害剤であるSB203580(CAS番号:152121-47-6)を終濃度20μMで培地に添加した。また、対照としてSB203580を添加しない群も用意した。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検証4)
《CDC25Bのノックダウン》
実験例1と同様にして、ヒトiPS細胞株である201B7細胞由来のニューロスフェアを作製した。続いて、ニューロスフェアにCDC25Bに対するsiRNA(カタログ番号「4390824」、サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック社)を導入した。siRNAの導入には、市販のキット(製品名「HiPerFect Transfection Reagent」、カタログ番号「301705」、キアゲン社)を使用した。また、対照としてコントロールsiRNA(カタログ番号「4390844」、サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック社)を導入した群も用意した。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検証5)
《RK-682がp38及びCDC25Bのリン酸化に及ぼす影響の検討》
p38のリン酸化を維持、促進することでCDC25Bのリン酸化が上方制御されるか否かを検討した。RK-682(CAS番号:150627-37-5)はストレプトマイセス属細菌から単離されたチロシンリン酸化の脱リン酸化阻害剤である。RK-682は、リン酸化p38の脱リン酸化を抑制することにより、p38を活性化された状態に維持する作用を有する。また、RK-682にはCDC25Bの脱リン酸化阻害効果はないとされている。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検証6)
《RK-682が神経突起伸長に及ぼす影響の検討》
実験例1と同様にして、ヒトiPS細胞株である201B7細胞由来のニューロスフェアを作製した。続いて、ニューロスフェアを、終濃度20μMのRK-682の存在下で24時間培養した。また、対照としてRK-682を添加しない群も用意した。
(遺伝子発現パターンの解析)
上述したように、発明者らは、DAPT又はCompound 34をニューロスフェアに作用させ、神経細胞に分化誘導した場合の神経突起伸長促進に関わるシグナルカスケードを実証した。
(神経細胞におけるリン酸化CDC25Bの発現の検討)
ニューロスフェアをDAPT又はCompound 34で処理し、神経細胞に分化誘導した後におけるリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量を検討した。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検証7)
《GADD45Gの過剰発現がp38のリン酸化に及ぼす影響の検討》
レンチウイルスベクターを用いて、ヒトiPS細胞株である、201B7細胞及び414C2細胞由来のニューロスフェアにGADD45Gを過剰発現させ、p38のリン酸化に及ぼす影響を検討した。
(神経突起伸長に関わるシグナルカスケードの検証8)
《GADD45Gの過剰発現が神経突起伸長に及ぼす影響の検討》
レンチウイルスベクターを用いて、ヒトiPS細胞株である、201B7細胞及び414C2細胞由来のニューロスフェアにGADD45Gを過剰発現させ、神経突起伸長に及ぼす影響を検討した。
Claims (8)
- γセクレターゼ阻害剤又はGADD45Gの発現ベクターを含み、ニューロスフェアに作用させて前記ニューロスフェアを神経細胞に分化誘導することにより、前記神経細胞の神経突起伸長を、対照と比較して促進させるための、神経突起伸長促進用キット。
- 前記γセクレターゼ阻害剤が、Compound 34又はDAPTである、請求項1に記載の神経突起伸長促進用キット。
- リン酸化p38 MAPKの脱リン酸化阻害剤を更に含む、請求項1に記載の神経突起伸長促進用キット。
- 前記リン酸化p38 MAPKの脱リン酸化阻害剤が、RK-682である、請求項3に記載の神経突起伸長促進用キット。
- 多能性幹細胞由来ニューロスフェアに、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の神経突起伸長促進用キットを作用させる工程を含む、脊髄損傷治療用ニューロスフェアの製造方法。
- 対照と比較して、GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量が増加している、脊髄損傷治療用ニューロスフェア。
- ニューロスフェアにおけるGADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量を測定する工程を含み、測定された前記GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量が、対照と比較して増加していることが、前記ニューロスフェアが脊髄損傷治療に適していることを示す、脊髄損傷治療用ニューロスフェアの選別方法。
- ニューロスフェアを被験物質の存在下で培養する工程と、
前記ニューロスフェアの、GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量を測定する工程と、を含み、
前記GADD45Gの発現量又はリン酸化CDC25Bの存在量が、前記被験物質の非存在下と比較して上昇したことが、前記被験物質が神経突起伸長促進剤であることを示す、神経突起伸長促進剤のスクリーニング方法。
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