WO2022249751A1 - 共振型電力変換回路及び非接触給電システム - Google Patents
共振型電力変換回路及び非接触給電システム Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0012—Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resonance type power conversion circuit and a contactless power supply system using the resonance type power conversion circuit.
- AGVs automatic guided vehicles
- rechargeable batteries such as lithium-ion batteries.
- the AGV is moved to a charging station, and then the AGV
- the power receiving coil mounted on the charging station is electromagnetically coupled to the power transmitting coil of the charging station to perform contactless charging in the contactless charging system.
- an AC power supply 31 with a voltage v11 is connected to a series resonance circuit of an inductor L11 of the primary coil of a transformer TR11, a resistor R11, and a capacitor C11. is connected.
- a load resistor RL is connected to a series resonance circuit including an inductor L12 of the secondary coil of the transformer TR11, a resistor R12, and a capacitor C12.
- the inductors L11 and L12 of the transformer TR11 are electromagnetically coupled with each other with a degree of coupling k.
- the contactless power supply system of FIG. 12 which is an example of the contactless charging system, has the following two problems as shown in FIG.
- Non-Patent Document 1 the class E resonant inverter circuit of FIG. 14 disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 is proposed.
- phase control is required.
- the calculation cost of the calculation control unit that performs the phase control becomes large.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a contactless power supply system using a type power conversion circuit.
- a resonant power conversion circuit includes: a resonance circuit that includes a first LC resonance circuit and a switching element and outputs an output voltage or an output current to a load; a detection circuit that detects output information that is the output voltage or output current; Based on the detected output information, using a predetermined local maximum point searching method, searching for a local maximum point or a desired voltage in the characteristics of the output information with respect to the operating frequency, and corresponding to the searched local maximum point or desired voltage an arithmetic control unit that determines the operating frequency for a signal generator that generates a drive control signal having the determined operating frequency and controls the frequency of the switching element based on the drive control signal; said resonant circuit having an output information characteristic with respect to said operating frequency having a load independent point that is independent of said load corresponding to said maximum or desired voltage; The resonance circuit feeds back a drive control signal containing the output information to the switching element, and drives at the load-independent point by frequency control based on the drive control signal.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a contactless power supply system using the resonance type power conversion circuit.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a resonant power conversion circuit according to an embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between the gate voltage signal Vf applied to the MOS transistor Q1 of FIG. 1 and the output voltage V0 and the phase difference ⁇ therebetween
- FIG. 3B is a graph showing an example of control when frequency control is performed by the hill-climbing method in the resonance type power conversion circuit of FIG. 1 in the graph of FIG. 3B;
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing an operating frequency determination process executed by the control circuit 10 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of control in the graph of the output voltage Vo with respect to the operating frequency f when the operating frequency is determined by the operating frequency determining process of FIG.
- FIG. 5; 2 is a flowchart showing detailed operating frequency determination processing executed by the control circuit 10 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 8 is a graph for setting a progress width df in a progress width determination process P3 in the operating frequency determination process of FIG. 7; 1.
- It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the said non-contact electric power feeding system when the resonance type power inverter circuit of FIG. 1 is applied to a non-contact electric power feeding system.
- 10 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13 of FIG. 9;
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13A according to modification 1;
- FIG. FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13B according to Modification 2;
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13C according to Modification 3; 14 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13D according to Modification 4.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13E according to Modification 5.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14 of FIG. 9;
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14A according to Modification 6.
- FIG. FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14B according to Modification 7;
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14C according to Modification 8;
- FIG. 21 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14D according to Modification 9;
- FIG. 21 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14E according to Modification 10;
- 1 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit example of a contactless power supply system using a conventional resonant power conversion circuit;
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing an operation example of the resonant power conversion circuit of FIG. 12;
- 1 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit example of a conventional class E resonant inverter circuit;
- FIG. 15 is a waveform diagram showing an operation example of the class E resonant inverter circuit of FIG. 14;
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit example of a conventional class E resonant inverter circuit
- FIG. 15 is a waveform diagram showing an operation example of the class E resonant inverter circuit of FIG.
- a class E resonant inverter circuit 90 includes a DC bias circuit 31A comprising voltage dividing resistors Rd1 and Rd2, a feedback inductor LF and voltage dividing capacitors Cn1 and Cn2, and a MOS field effect transistor (hereinafter referred to as a MOS transistor). It comprises Q1, inductors L21 and L22, capacitors C21 and C22, and a load resistor RL.
- a MOS transistor MOS field effect transistor
- the power supply voltage VDD is applied to the drain of the MOS transistor Q21 via the inductor L21, and the DC bias voltage divided by the voltage dividing resistors Rd1 and Rd2 is applied to the MOS transistor Q21. is applied to the gate of The output voltage Vo across the load resistor Ro is divided by the voltage dividing capacitors Cn1 and Cn2, and then applied as a gate signal to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1 via the feedback inductor LF.
- the output source voltage Vs generated by the MOS transistor Q1 is output to the load resistor RL as the output voltage Vo via the capacitors C1, C2 and the inductor L2.
- the gate voltage signal Vf applied to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1 is a voltage phase-shifted by 140 degrees with respect to the output voltage Vo, as shown in FIG.
- the phase of the gate voltage signal Vf can only be shifted by 140 degrees with respect to the waveform of the output voltage Vo. Therefore, there is a problem that control is required to cope with the inductance of the resonant circuit and the load fluctuation.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a resonance type power conversion circuit according to an embodiment.
- the resonance type power conversion circuit according to the embodiment includes a resonance circuit 1, a detection circuit 2, and a control circuit .
- the resonant power conversion circuit is specifically a resonant inverter circuit.
- the control circuit 10 includes an arithmetic control section 3 and a signal generation section 4 .
- the resonance circuit 1 includes a DC power supply 5, a smoothing inductor Lf, a MOS transistor Q1 as a switching element, capacitors Cs and C0, and an inductor L0 to constitute an LC resonance circuit.
- the input voltage Vin from the DC power supply 5 is applied to the drain-source of the MOS transistor Q1 operating as a switching element and to the resonance capacitor Cs via the smoothing inductor Lf.
- a gate voltage signal Vf (drive control signal) for driving and controlling the switching element Q1 is applied from the signal generator 4 to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1, and the MOS transistor Q1 can be turned on or off based on the gate voltage signal Vf. Switching controlled.
- the resonance capacitors Cs and C0 correspond to power transmission side resonance capacitors in the contactless power supply system.
- the resonant inductor L0 corresponds to the self-inductance of a transformer (transmitting coil) in a contactless power supply system.
- the detection circuit 2 detects the voltage of the load resistor RL, converts it into a DC voltage, and outputs it to the arithmetic control unit 3.
- the voltage of the load resistor RL is divided by the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2, the divided voltage is rectified by the rectifying diode D1, and then smoothed by the smoothing capacitor Csm to obtain the output voltage Vo. and output to the arithmetic control unit 3.
- the arithmetic control unit 3 executes the operating frequency determination process of FIG.
- the maximum value of the output voltage Vo in the characteristics of Vo is searched, and the operating frequency corresponding to the searched maximum value of the output voltage Vo is determined and output to the signal generator 4 .
- the signal generator 4 generates a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal having an input operating frequency and applies it as a gate voltage signal Vf to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1. It controls the frequency of the resonant circuit 1 that it contains.
- PWM Pulse Width Modulation
- FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between the gate voltage signal Vf applied to the MOS transistor Q1 of FIG. 1 and the output voltage V0 and their phase difference ⁇ . As is clear from FIG. 2, when there is a phase difference ⁇ between the gate voltage signal Vf and the output voltage V0, the output voltage Vo is separated from the maximum value.
- Lo rate is the reference element value (inductance value) of the resonant inductor L0
- RL rate is the reference element value (resistance value) of the load resistance RL.
- FIGS. 3A to 3C show that the load independent point varies when the inductance ratio L0/L0 rate is changed.
- the output voltage Vo has a maximum point that is a load independent point 101 with respect to the operating frequency.
- Dependency and Zero Volt Switching (ZVS) can be achieved.
- the output voltage Vo changes from the load-independent point 101 to 111 due to the change in the inductance L0, the phase difference ⁇ becomes 0 degrees (symbol 112), and the corresponding operating frequency is controlled.
- the change in inductance L0 causes the output voltage Vo to change from the load-independent point 101 to 121, the phase difference ⁇ to become 0 degrees (symbol 122), and the corresponding operating frequency to be controlled. do.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a control example when frequency control is performed by the hill-climbing method in the resonance type power conversion circuit of FIG. 1 in the graph of FIG. 3B.
- the load independent point 101 is present at the maximum point of the output voltage curve or the desired voltage
- frequency control is performed by the hill-climbing method, as shown in SS1 to SS5, preset
- search for the maximum point of the voltage or the desired voltage is as follows.
- the control target value is the output voltage value (resulting in the setting of the resonant circuit at which this point is the maximum point or its vicinity).
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the operating frequency determination process executed by the control circuit 10 of FIG.
- step S1 in FIG. 5 the output voltage Vo of the resonance circuit 1 is detected and set as the output voltage V0.
- step S2 it is determined whether or not the output voltage V0 ⁇ Vt. If YES, the process proceeds to step S3, and if NO, the process proceeds to step S9.
- step S3 the operating frequency f is lowered by a predetermined shift frequency ⁇ f, that is, (f ⁇ f) is substituted for the operating frequency f, the output voltage Vo of the resonance circuit 1 is detected, and the output voltage Vo is changed to a voltage Substitute for V1.
- the operating frequency f is increased by a predetermined shift frequency ⁇ f (returned to the original operating frequency), that is, (f+ ⁇ f) is substituted for the operating frequency f, and the output voltage Vo of the resonant circuit 1 is is detected, and the output voltage Vo is substituted for the voltage V2.
- step S5 it is determined whether or not V0 ⁇ V1 and V1>V2. If YES, the process proceeds to step S6, and if NO, the process proceeds to step S7.
- step S6 the operating frequency f is lowered by a predetermined shift frequency ⁇ fd, that is, (f ⁇ fd) is substituted for the operating frequency f, and then the process returns to step S1.
- step S7 it is determined whether or not V0>V1 and V1 ⁇ V2.
- step S8 the operating frequency f is increased by a predetermined shift frequency .DELTA.fu, that is, (f+.DELTA.fu) is substituted for the operating frequency f, and then the process returns to step S1.
- step S9 the operating frequency f is determined as the operating frequency of the load-independent point, and the operating frequency determination process is terminated.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of control in the graph of the output voltage Vo with respect to the operating frequency f when the operating frequency is determined by the operating frequency determination process of FIG.
- FIG. 6 in the characteristics of the output voltage Vo with respect to the operating frequency, it can be seen that from the operating point A through the operating point B, the load independent point 101 is reached.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing detailed operating frequency determination processing executed by the control circuit 10 of FIG. When executing the operating frequency determination process of FIG. 7, the following initialization process is first executed. In addition, each numerical value shows an example.
- step S11 of FIG. 7 after inputting the sample value vSample of the output voltage Vo of the resonance circuit 1, the operating frequency change interval process P1 consisting of steps S11 and S12 is executed.
- the operating frequency change interval process P1 is a process that enables the operating frequency to be changed every number of times defined by the maximum sampling count value SAMPLING_COUNT_MAX.
- the sampling count value samplingCount is incremented by 1.
- the preset value fPre of the operating frequency is substituted as the current value fNow of the operating frequency, and the process proceeds to step S38.
- an evaluation function value calculation process P2 is performed to calculate an evaluation function value evalNow such that the closer the sample value vSample of the detected output voltage Vo to the target voltage V_REF, the smaller the evaluation function value.
- the following equation is used to calculate the current value evalNow of the evaluation function value.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a graph for setting the progress width df in the progress width determination process P3 of FIG.
- the progress width df is set so that the absolute value
- step S15 it is determined whether or not evalNow ⁇ EVAL_BOUNDARY. If YES, the process proceeds to step S16, and if NO, the process proceeds to step S17.
- step S16 for example, the travel width df is calculated using the following equation, and then the process proceeds to step S13.
- step S17 the progress width df is calculated using, for example, the following equation, and then the process proceeds to step S13.
- an operating frequency search process P4 by a hill-climbing method consisting of steps S18 to S21 is executed.
- the operating frequency search process P4 if the current evaluation is better than the previous evaluation, proceed in the same direction, and if worse, change the traveling direction.
- step S18 it is determined whether or not evalNow ⁇ evalPre. If YES, the process proceeds to step S19. If NO, the process proceeds to step S20.
- step S19 after substituting the travel width df for the travel width df, the process proceeds to step S21.
- step S20 -df, which is obtained by adding a negative value to the advance width df, is substituted for the advance width df, and then the process proceeds to step S21.
- step S21 the preset value fPre of the operating frequency and the progress width df are added, and the addition result is set as the current value fNow of the operating frequency, and the process proceeds to step S31.
- step S31 the current value fNow of the operating frequency is set as the preset value fPre of the operating frequency
- step S32 the current value evalNow of the evaluation function value is set as the preset value evalPre of the evaluation function value.
- step S33 the sampling count value samplingCount is reset to 0, and the process proceeds to step S34.
- step S34 it is determined whether or not fNow>MAX_F. If YES, the process proceeds to step S35, and if NO, the process proceeds to step S36.
- step S35 the maximum operating frequency MAX_F is set as the current value fNow of the operating frequency, and the process proceeds to step S36.
- step S36 it is determined whether or not fNow ⁇ MAX_F. If YES, the process proceeds to step S37. If NO, the process proceeds to step S38.
- step S37 the minimum operating frequency MIN_F is set as the current value fNow of the operating frequency, and the process proceeds to step S38.
- step S38 it is determined that the operating frequency has been determined, the current value fNow of the operating frequency is output as the operating frequency, and the operating frequency determination process ends.
- the resonance type power conversion circuit includes the resonance circuit 1 having the LC resonance circuit and the switching element Q1, and the output voltage of the resonance circuit 1 is is output to the load RL, the operating frequency of the resonant power conversion circuit is determined based on the output voltage, and the gate voltage signal Vf (drive control signal) is applied to the switching element Q1 so as to operate at the determined operating frequency. is used to perform on/off control, and here, the operating frequency that the resonant circuit 1 holds at the maximum value that maximizes the output voltage is determined.
- the resonant circuit 1 can maintain the operating frequency so as to maintain the output voltage at the maximum value. It is possible to realize the load-independent characteristics and the zero-volt switching (ZVS) in the resonant circuit 1 . Thereby, the problems 1 and 2 described above can be solved.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a contactless power supply system when the resonance type power conversion circuit of FIG. 1 is applied to the contactless power supply system. 9, components 12 to 24 correspond to resonance circuit 1 in FIG. 1, component 20 corresponds to detection circuit 2 in FIG. 1, and component 17 corresponds to control circuit 10 in FIG.
- the contactless power supply system is configured with a power transmission device 100 and a power reception device 200 .
- the power transmission device 100 includes a power factor correction circuit (hereinafter referred to as a PFC circuit) 11, a PFC control unit 16 that controls the operation of the PFC circuit 11, an inverter circuit 12, a power transmission LC resonance circuit 13, an inverter It comprises a control unit 17 and a wireless communication circuit 15 having an antenna 15A.
- the power receiving device 200 includes a power receiving LC resonance circuit 14, a rectifying circuit 22, a DC/DC converter 23, a load 24, and a control unit that detects the voltage and current of the load 24 and controls the DC/DC converter 23. 20 and a wireless communication circuit 25 having an antenna 25A.
- the PFC circuit 11 improves the power factor by shaping the waveform of the input current based on a predetermined AC voltage.
- the inverter circuit 12 converts the input predetermined DC voltage into an AC voltage.
- the power transmitting device 100 and the power receiving device 200 are located near each other for power supply such as charging.
- the power transmission LC resonance circuit 13 and the power reception LC resonance circuit 14 are electromagnetically coupled, for example, to form a transformer TR1.
- the wireless communication circuit 15 and the wireless communication circuit 25 perform wireless communication using antennas 15A and 25A, respectively, to transmit and receive necessary information data.
- the PFC circuit 11 may be a cascade connection circuit of a rectifier circuit and a DC/DC converter.
- a DC/DC converter converts an input DC voltage into a predetermined DC voltage.
- the PFC circuit 11 or the cascade connection circuit of the rectifier circuit and the DC/DC converter may be omitted.
- the PFC control unit 16 can be omitted.
- a cascade connection circuit of a rectifier circuit and a DC/DC converter is provided instead of the PFC circuit 11
- a voltage control section that controls the DC/DC converter is provided instead of the PFC control section 16.
- At least one of the DC/DC converter on the power transmission side and the DC/DC converter 23 on the power reception side may be omitted, but it is necessary to control the output voltage as follows.
- the degree of coupling k changes when the distance between the inductors L1 and L2, which are power transmission/reception coils, changes.
- the resonance characteristics change and the output voltage changes.
- the information on the output voltage detected by the control unit 20 on the power reception side is transmitted to the DC/DC converter on the power transmission side via the wireless communication circuit 25.15. It must be sent to the voltage controller.
- the DC/DC converter 23 on the power receiving side is configured to be controlled by the control section 20 based on information on the output voltage detected by the control section 20 on the power receiving side.
- the PFC circuit 11 converts an input voltage Vin, which is an AC voltage from an AC power supply 30 such as a commercial AC power supply, into a DC voltage and, under the control of the PFC control unit 16, a predetermined voltage.
- Vin an AC voltage from an AC power supply 30 such as a commercial AC power supply
- the power factor improving process is performed on the input voltage, and the output voltage is output to the inverter circuit 12 .
- the inverter circuit 12 converts the input DC voltage into a predetermined AC voltage by switching based on, for example, a PWM gate signal from the inverter control unit 17, and transmits the voltage through the power transmission LC resonance circuit 13 and the power reception LC resonance circuit 14. and output to the rectifier circuit 22 .
- the PFC control unit 16 receives load information such as the output voltage and output current to the load 24 from the control unit 20 via the wireless communication circuits 25 and 15, and based on the load information, the PFC circuit 11 is controlled to perform the power factor improvement process.
- the power transmission LC resonance circuit 13 is, for example, a resonance circuit composed of an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1 illustrated in FIG. is generated and transmitted to the power receiving LC resonant circuit 14 coupled to the power transmitting LC resonant circuit 13 .
- the power receiving LC resonant circuit 14 is an LC resonant circuit including an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2 illustrated in FIG. 11A, for example, and receives AC power from the power transmitting LC resonant circuit 13. , and outputs the AC voltage of the AC power to the rectifier circuit 22 .
- the rectifier circuit 22 rectifies the input AC voltage into a DC voltage and outputs the DC voltage to the load 24 .
- the control unit 20 detects the output voltage and output current to the load 24 and transmits load information including such information to the PFC control unit 16 via the wireless communication circuits 25 and 15 .
- the inverter control unit 17 also generates, for example, a predetermined gate voltage signal Vf based on the load information to control the inverter circuit 12, so that the inverter circuit 12 operates at a predetermined operating frequency.
- the rectifier circuit 22 may be, for example, a rectifier circuit such as a half-wave rectifier circuit, a full-wave rectifier circuit, a full-bridge rectifier circuit, a half-active rectifier circuit, a voltage doubler rectifier circuit, or a current doubler rectifier circuit.
- a rectifier circuit such as a half-wave rectifier circuit, a full-wave rectifier circuit, a full-bridge rectifier circuit, a half-active rectifier circuit, a voltage doubler rectifier circuit, or a current doubler rectifier circuit.
- the resonant circuit 1 can hold the operating frequency so that the output voltage is held at the maximum value where the output voltage is maximum, so that the phase state can be held, and the load independent characteristics and the zero volt switching (ZVS) in the resonant circuit 1 can be achieved. realizable. Accordingly, problems 1 and 2 described above can be solved, and power can be transmitted from the power transmitting device 100 to the power receiving device 200 .
- the resonance type power conversion circuit 1 according to the present embodiment to the partial circuits of the inverter circuit 12, the power transmission LC resonance circuit 13, and the power reception LC resonance circuit 14, the output characteristics DC/DC converter 23 for controlling and its control section can be eliminated.
- the power transmission LC resonance circuit 13 is hereinafter referred to as the LC resonance circuit 13.
- the power receiving LC resonant circuit 14 is called an LC resonant circuit 14 .
- inductors include self-inductance, excitation inductance, or leakage inductance, etc.
- L31, L41, L42 mean providing inductors different from them.
- the configuration example below is only a basic type of circuit, and the numbers of inductors and capacitors connected in series or in parallel may be changed.
- FIG. 10A is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the LC resonance circuit 13 of FIG.
- the LC resonance circuit 13 is composed of a series circuit of an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1.
- the LC resonant circuit 13 of the power transmission device 100 may be configured with any one of the following LC resonant circuits 13A to 13E.
- FIG. 10B is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13A according to Modification 1.
- the LC resonance circuit 13A is composed of a parallel circuit of an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1.
- FIG. 10C is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13B according to modification 2.
- the LC resonance circuit 13C is composed of a series circuit of an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1 and a parallel circuit of a capacitor C31.
- FIG. 10D is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13C according to Modification 3.
- the LC resonance circuit 13D is composed of a parallel circuit of inductor L1 and capacitor C31 and a series circuit of capacitor C1.
- FIG. 10E is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13D according to Modification 4.
- the LC resonance circuit 13D includes an inductor L31 connected in series to a series circuit of inductor L1 and capacitor C1 and a parallel circuit of inductor L31.
- FIG. 10F is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 13E according to Modification 5.
- the LC resonance circuit 13E includes a series circuit of inductor L1 and capacitor C1 and a capacitor C32 connected in series to a parallel circuit of inductor L31.
- the LC resonant circuits 13, 13A to 13E include at least one inductor and at least one capacitor, and each inductor and each capacitor are connected in series or in parallel. ing.
- the LC resonant circuit 14 of the power receiving device 200 in FIG. 9 may be configured with any one of the following LC resonant circuits 14A to 14E.
- FIG. 11A is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the LC resonance circuit 14 of FIG.
- the LC resonance circuit 14 is composed of a series circuit of an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2.
- FIG. 11B is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14A according to Modification 6.
- the LC resonance circuit 14A is composed of a parallel circuit of an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2.
- FIG. 11C is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14B according to Modification 7.
- the LC resonance circuit 14B is composed of a series circuit of an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2 and a parallel circuit of a capacitor C41.
- FIG. 11D is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14C according to modification 8.
- the LC resonance circuit 14C is composed of a parallel circuit of an inductor L2 and a capacitor C41 and a series circuit of a capacitor C2.
- FIG. 11E is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14D according to Modification 9.
- the LC resonance circuit 14D includes a series circuit of an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2, and an inductor L41 connected in series to a parallel circuit of a capacitor C41.
- FIG. 11F is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of an LC resonance circuit 14E according to the tenth modification.
- the LC resonance circuit 14E includes a series circuit of an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C42 connected to a parallel circuit of an inductor L42.
- the LC resonant circuits 14, 14A to 14E include at least one inductor and at least one capacitor, and each inductor and each capacitor are connected in series or in parallel. ing.
- the maximum value of the output voltage Vo of the resonant circuit 1 is obtained using the hill-climbing method and the corresponding operating frequency is determined.
- an optimization search method, a steepest descent method, a conjugate gradient method, or any other local maximum value search method may be used to find the maximum value of the output voltage Vo of the resonant circuit 1 and determine the corresponding operating frequency.
- the MOS transistor Q1 is used as the switching element in the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to this, and a switching element such as a bipolar transistor may be used.
- the detection circuit 2 detects the output voltage of the resonance circuit 1 and outputs it to the arithmetic control unit 3, but the present invention is not limited to this, and output information such as the output current of the resonance circuit 1 is detected and output to the arithmetic control unit 3, and the arithmetic control unit 3 may control to determine the operating frequency of the resonance type power conversion circuit including the resonance circuit 1 based on the output information.
- the resonance type power conversion circuit can significantly reduce the calculation cost as compared with the conventional technology; It is possible to provide a contactless power supply system using the type power conversion circuit.
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Abstract
Description
第1のLC共振回路とスイッチング素子を含み、出力電圧又は出力電流を負荷に出力する共振回路と、
前記出力電圧又は出力電流である出力情報を検出する検出回路と、
前記検出された出力情報に基づいて、所定の極大点探索法を用いて、動作周波数に対する出力情報の特性における極大点又は所望の電圧を探索して、探索された極大点又は所望の電圧に対応する動作周波数を決定する演算制御部と、
前記決定された動作周波数を有する駆動制御信号を発生して、前記駆動制御信号に基づいて前記スイッチング素子を周波数制御する信号発生部とを備え、
前記共振回路は、前記極大点又は所望の電圧に対応する、前記負荷に依存しない負荷非依存点を有する前記動作周波数に対する出力情報の特性を有し、
前記共振回路は、前記出力情報を含む駆動制御信号を前記スイッチング素子に帰還させ、前記駆動制御信号による周波数制御により前記負荷非依存点で駆動する。
図14は従来技術に係るE級共振型インバータ回路の回路例を示す回路図であり、図15は図14のE級共振型インバータ回路の動作例を示す波形図である。
図1は実施形態に係る共振型電力変換回路の構成例を示す回路図である。図1において、実施形態に係る共振型電力変換回路は、共振回路1と、検出回路2と、制御回路10とを備えて構成される。ここで、共振型電力変換回路は具体的には、共振型インバータ回路である。制御回路10は、演算制御部3と、信号発生部4とを備える。ここで、共振回路1は、直流電源5と、平滑インダクタLfと、スイッチング素子であるMOSトランジスタQ1と、キャパシタCs,C0と、インダクタL0とを備えて、LC共振回路を構成する。
評価関数値の境界値:EVAL_BOUNDARY←0.025
進行幅のデフォルト値:DEFAULT_DF←9.0×103
動作周波数のデフォルト値:DEFAULT_F←0.943×106
サンプリング計数値の最大値:SAMPLING_COUNT_MAX←2000
最大動作周波数:MAX_F←1.2×106
最小動作周波数:MIN_F←0.8×106
目標電圧:V_REF←1.44
評価関数値の現在値:evalNow←0
評価関数値のプリセット値:evalPre←1.0×1010
進行幅:dF←DEFAULT_DF
動作周波数の現在値:fNOW←DEFAULT_F
動作周波数のプリセット値:fPre←DEFAULT_F
サンプリング計数値:samplingCount←0
図9は図1の共振型電力変換回路を非接触給電システムに適用したときの当該非接触給電システムの構成例を示すブロック図である。図9において、構成要素12~24が図1の共振回路1に対応し、構成要素20が図1の検出回路2に対応し、構成要素17が図1の制御回路10に対応する。
以下において、LC共振回路13及び14の変形例等について説明する。以下のインダクタは、自己インダクタンス、励磁インダクタンス、又は漏れインダクタンス等を含んでおり、L31、L41、L42はそれらとは異なるインダクタを設けることを意味する。また、下記の構成例はあくまで基本形式の回路であり、インダクタとキャパシタを直列又は並列に接続するそれらの数量は変更してもよい。
2 検出回路
3 演算制御部
4 信号発生部
5 直流電源
10 制御回路
11 力率改善回路(PFC回路)
12 インバータ回路
13 送電LC共振回路(LC共振回路)
14 受電LC共振回路(LC共振回路)
15 無線通信回路
15A アンテナ
16 PFC制御部
17 インバータ制御部
20 制御部
22 整流回路
23 DC/DCコンバータ
24 負荷
25 無線通信回路
25A アンテナ
30 交流電源
Cs,C0~C2,Csm キャパシタ
D1 整流ダイオード
Lf,L0 インダクタ
Q1 MOSトランジスタ
R1,R2 抵抗
RL 負荷抵抗
TR1 トランス
Claims (9)
- 第1のLC共振回路とスイッチング素子を含み、出力電圧又は出力電流を負荷に出力する共振回路と、
前記出力電圧又は出力電流である出力情報を検出する検出回路と、
前記検出された出力情報に基づいて、所定の極大点探索法を用いて、動作周波数に対する出力情報の特性における極大点又は所望の電圧を探索して、探索された極大点又は所望の電圧に対応する動作周波数を決定する演算制御部と、
前記決定された動作周波数を有する駆動制御信号を発生して、前記駆動制御信号に基づいて前記スイッチング素子を周波数制御する信号発生部とを備え、
前記共振回路は、前記極大点又は所望の電圧に対応する、前記負荷に依存しない負荷非依存点を有する前記動作周波数に対する出力情報の特性を有し、
前記共振回路は、前記出力情報を含む駆動制御信号を前記スイッチング素子に帰還させ、前記駆動制御信号による周波数制御により前記負荷非依存点で駆動する、
共振型電力変換回路。 - 前記極大点探索法は、山登り法である、
請求項1に記載の共振型電力変換回路。 - 前記信号発生部は、PWM信号である前記駆動制御信号に基づいて、前記スイッチング素子をスイッチング制御することで、前記スイッチング素子を周波数制御する、
請求項1又は2に記載の共振型電力変換回路。 - 前記駆動制御信号は、前記スイッチング素子をオン又はオフする2値信号である、
請求項3に記載の共振型電力変換回路。 - 請求項1~4のうちのいずれか1つに記載の共振型電力変換回路を備える送電装置と、
受電装置と、
を備える非接触給電システムであって、
前記受電装置は、
前記第1のLC共振回路と結合し、前記第1のLC共振回路からの交流電力を受電する第2のLC共振回路と、
前記第2のLC共振回路で受電された交流電力を直流電力に整流して所定の負荷に出力する整流回路と、
を備える、非接触給電システム。 - 前記送電装置はさらに、
前記第1のLC共振回路の前段に設けられ、所定の直流電圧を交流電圧に変換して前記第1のLC共振回路に出力するインバータ回路を、
備える、請求項5に記載の非接触給電システム。 - 前記受電装置はさらに、
前記受電装置の出力情報を検出して無線送信する受電制御部を備え、
前記送電装置はさらに、
前記第1のLC共振回路の前段に設けられ、所定の交流電圧に基づいて入力電流の波形を整形することにより力率を改善する力率改善回路と、
前記無線送信された出力情報を無線受信して、前記出力情報に基づいて前記力率改善回路の動作を制御する力率改善回路制御部と、
を備える、請求項6に記載の非接触給電システム。 - 前記受電装置において前記整流回路と前記負荷との間に挿入され、入力される直流電圧を所定の直流電圧に変換する第1のDC/DCコンバータと、
前記送電装置において前記インバータ回路の前段に設けられ、入力される直流電圧を所定の直流電圧に変換する第2のDC/DCコンバータと、
のうちの少なくとも1つを備え、
前記第1のLC共振回路のインダクタと前記第2のLC共振回路のインダクタとの間の結合度kが変化したときに、前記負荷の出力電圧に基づいて、前記出力電圧が所定の電圧になるように、前記第1のDC/DCコンバータと前記第2のDC/DCコンバータのうちのいずれか1つを制御する電圧制御部を、
備える、請求項6又は7に記載の非接触給電システム。 - 前記送電装置はさらに、
前記インバータ回路の前段に設けられ、所定の交流電圧を整流して直流電圧に変換して前記インバータ回路に出力する整流回路を、
備える、請求項6~8のうちのいずれか1つに記載の非接触給電システム。
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JP2010166693A (ja) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-07-29 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 非接触給電装置 |
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JP2019502342A (ja) * | 2015-11-09 | 2019-01-24 | ルノー エス.ア.エス.Renault S.A.S. | 移動中の自動車両の電池の非接触充電方法および対応するシステム |
WO2020203689A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 送電装置および無線電力伝送システム |
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JP2010166693A (ja) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-07-29 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 非接触給電装置 |
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JP2019502342A (ja) * | 2015-11-09 | 2019-01-24 | ルノー エス.ア.エス.Renault S.A.S. | 移動中の自動車両の電池の非接触充電方法および対応するシステム |
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