WO2022247044A1 - Liquid injection-type protected layer expansion deformation amount automatic measurement device and use method - Google Patents
Liquid injection-type protected layer expansion deformation amount automatic measurement device and use method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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Abstract
The present invention provides a liquid injection-type protected layer expansion deformation amount automatic measurement device. The device comprises a telescopic protective sleeve, a compression spring, a displacement sensor, a connecting rod, an armored cable, an expansion fixture, an in-line check valve, a reverse locking high-pressure joint, a high-pressure seal connecting drill rod, a water injection joint, and a digital display meter. The present invention also provides a use method for the liquid injection-type protected layer expansion deformation amount automatic measurement device. The present invention replaces conventional fixation modes such as steel wedges with a hydraulic mode, and has the characteristics of being stable and convenient in installation and high in anti-interference performance; in addition, the displacement sensor is arranged inside the measurement device to replace a long-distance steel wire rope relative displacement hole port measurement, so as to implement direct, high-precision and real-time measurement of an expansion deformation amount, and only one set of displacement sensor system is needed; meanwhile, the high-pressure seal connecting drill rod can be recycled, thereby achieving low cost, a simple system, and high reliability.
Description
本发明属于煤矿保护层开采技术领域,特别提供了一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置及使用方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of mining protective layers in coal mines, and in particular provides a liquid injection type automatic measuring device for expansion and deformation of a protected layer and a method for using it.
保护层开采技术是指，在煤层群条件下，通过开采保护煤层的卸压增透作用，降低邻近被保护高瓦斯或突出危险煤层的煤层瓦斯含量，消除其突出危险性的区域瓦斯治理技术。按照保护层与被保护层的相对位置关系，保护层又可分为上保护层和下保护层。我国多数矿区煤层群赋存的特征决定了保护层开采是我国需要长期采用的区域防突措施。煤层膨胀变形量是衡量保护层开采效果的一项重要指标。《防治煤与瓦斯突出细则》2019版本第五十五条规定：矿井首次开采某个保护层或者保护层与被保护层的层间距、岩性及保护层开采厚度等发生了较大变化时，应当对被保护层的保护效果及其有效保护范围进行实际考察。经保护效果考察有效的范围为无突出危险区。若经实际考察被保护层的最大膨胀变形量大于3‰，则检验和考察结果可适用于具有同一保护层和被保护层关系的其他区域。最大膨胀变形量未超过3‰的，必须对每个被保护工作面的保护效果进行检验：此外，若保护层与被保护层的层间距离、岩性及保护层开采厚度等发生了较大变化时，应当再次进行效果检验和保护范围考察。Protected seam mining technology refers to the regional gas control technology that reduces the gas content of coal seams adjacent to the protected high gas or outburst dangerous coal seams and eliminates their outburst risks through the pressure relief and permeability enhancement of the protected coal seams under the conditions of coal seam groups. According to the relative positional relationship between the protective layer and the protected layer, the protective layer can be further divided into an upper protective layer and a lower protective layer. The characteristics of the occurrence of coal seam groups in most mining areas in my country determine that the protection layer mining is a long-term regional outburst prevention measure in my country. The expansion and deformation of coal seam is an important index to measure the mining effect of protective seam. Article 55 of the 2019 version of the "Detailed Rules for the Prevention and Control of Coal and Gas Outbursts" stipulates that when a mine mines a certain protective layer for the first time or the interlayer distance between the protective layer and the protected layer, lithology, and the mining thickness of the protective layer have undergone major changes, The protection effect of the protected layer and its effective protection scope should be actually inspected. According to the protection effect, the effective range is the non-prominent dangerous area. If the maximum expansion and deformation of the protected layer is greater than 3‰ after actual inspection, the inspection and investigation results can be applied to other areas with the same relationship between the protective layer and the protected layer. If the maximum expansion and deformation amount does not exceed 3‰, the protection effect of each protected working face must be inspected: in addition, if the interlayer distance between the protective layer and the protected layer, lithology, and the mining thickness of the protective layer are greatly When there is a change, the effect test and the scope of protection should be inspected again.
目前对煤层膨胀变形量的测定多采用深部基点法，即在岩巷中向煤层 施工穿透煤层的钻孔，在煤层顶板及底板各安装一对钢楔固定深部基点，由钢楔引出钢筋和钢管至孔外，通过测量钢筋和钢管的相对位移，并结合钻孔角度进行换算，得到煤层的膨胀变形量。如果钻孔距离较深可用钢丝绳代替钢筋和钢管。传统的测定方在实际操作中难度大，具有安全隐患。钢楔体积大，在钻孔内推送过程中易与孔壁碰撞发生错位，甚至卡在钻孔中途，造成安装失败；钢楔、钢筋被首先推送至煤层顶板固定，钢楔、钢管接着被推送至底板固定，安装不能一次性完成，底板基点的安装对顶板基点的稳定会产生影响；当测定地点距离被保护层较远时，钢管、钢筋长度增加，重量增大，人工推送困难，钢筋和钢管在自重作用下容易发生掉落，存在安全隐患；如果用钢丝绳代替钢筋和钢管，基点钢楔安装固定困难，且测量用的钢丝绳缺乏保护，可能卡在孔壁裂缝内，造成测量不准确。另外钻孔变形及钻屑影响钢楔很难安装至指定位置，由于采动影响即使安装良好的钢楔也极易产生松动滑落造成测定失败，失败率极高；被保护层膨胀变形量较小，往往只有几毫米，钻孔深度往往较大，通过上下两根钢丝绳相对位移直观读取，误差较大。At present, the deep base point method is mostly used to measure the expansion and deformation of the coal seam, that is, to drill holes through the coal seam in the rock roadway, install a pair of steel wedges on the roof and bottom of the coal seam to fix the deep base point, and lead out the steel bars and From the steel pipe to the outside of the hole, the expansion and deformation of the coal seam can be obtained by measuring the relative displacement between the steel bar and the steel pipe and converting it in combination with the drilling angle. If the drilling distance is deep, steel wire rope can be used instead of steel bar and steel pipe. The traditional measurement method is difficult in actual operation and has potential safety hazards. The steel wedge is large in size, and it is easy to collide with the hole wall during the pushing process, causing misalignment, or even getting stuck in the middle of the drilling hole, resulting in installation failure; the steel wedge and steel bars are first pushed to the roof of the coal seam for fixation, and the steel wedge and steel pipe are then pushed When the bottom plate is fixed, the installation cannot be completed at one time. The installation of the base point of the bottom plate will affect the stability of the base point of the top plate; The steel pipe is prone to fall under the action of its own weight, which poses a safety hazard; if a steel wire rope is used instead of steel bars and steel pipes, it will be difficult to install and fix the steel wedge at the base point, and the steel wire rope used for measurement is lack of protection, and may be stuck in the crack of the hole wall, resulting in inaccurate measurement. In addition, the deformation of the drilling hole and the impact of the drilling chips make it difficult to install the steel wedge to the designated position. Due to the influence of mining, even a well-installed steel wedge is easily loosened and slipped, resulting in measurement failure, and the failure rate is extremely high; the expansion and deformation of the protected layer are small. , often only a few millimeters, and the drilling depth is often relatively large, and the relative displacement of the upper and lower two wire ropes is read intuitively, and the error is relatively large.
如专利号为CN202010972156.1的中国发明专利公开了一种被保护层膨胀变形量测定装置及方法，设在钻孔内的引导管、第一封孔囊袋、第一囊袋注浆管、套管、第二封孔囊袋、第二囊袋注浆管和钢丝绳；本发明利用施工钻孔的钻机、钻杆将钢丝绳、第一封孔囊袋、第一囊袋注浆管等送入钻孔被保护煤层顶板以上位置，注浆固定，测定被保护煤层顶板位移量；利用套管固定封孔部件后穿钢丝绳，送入钻孔被保护煤层底板下方，注浆固定，测定被保护煤层底板位移量；在保护层开采后，利用被保护煤层顶 板位移量、底板位移量，进而计算保护层开采后被保护层膨胀变形量。该装置需要再保护煤层顶板和底板的位置分别通过封孔囊袋固定钢丝绳，并通过钢丝绳测定煤层顶板位移量和底板位移量，才可以实现被保护层膨胀变形量，该固定方式复杂，采用钢丝绳测定，测量误差较大。For example, the Chinese invention patent with the patent number CN202010972156.1 discloses a device and method for measuring the expansion and deformation of the protected layer. The guide tube, the first sealing bag, the first bag grouting pipe, Sleeve, the second sealing bag, the second bag grouting pipe and the steel wire rope; the present invention utilizes the drilling rig and the drill rod for construction drilling to send the steel wire rope, the first hole sealing bag, the first bag grouting pipe, etc. Enter the position above the roof of the protected coal seam in the borehole, fix it by grouting, and measure the displacement of the roof of the protected coal seam; use the casing to fix the sealing part and pass the steel wire rope, send it into the bottom of the protected coal seam in the borehole, fix it by grouting, and measure the protected coal seam. The displacement of the coal seam floor; after the mining of the protective layer, the displacement of the roof and the floor of the protected coal seam are used to calculate the expansion and deformation of the protected layer after the mining of the protective layer. The device needs to protect the position of the coal seam roof and bottom plate respectively through the sealing bag to fix the steel wire rope, and measure the displacement of the coal seam roof and bottom plate through the steel wire rope, so as to realize the expansion and deformation of the protected layer. The fixing method is complicated, and the steel wire rope is used. Determination, the measurement error is large.
现有技术中较少地有关于采用位移传感器进行保护层膨胀变形量测量的技术。如专利号为CN201610559046.6的中国发明专利公开了一种被保护层膨胀变形量的测量方法，该测量方法是要先进行钻机钻孔、扩孔，然后需要再钻孔和扩孔内分别放置顶板位移测量装置和底板位移测量装置，其顶板位移测量装置包括上部小托盘、下部小托盘、第一空心杆、第一弹簧、第一数据传输线、第一位移传感器和第一数显表；所述第一弹簧的上端连接上部小托盘，第一弹簧的下端通过第一位移传感器连接下部小托盘，所述第一位移传感器固定在下部小托盘的顶面上，所述第一空心杆的上端与下部小托盘的底面焊接；In the prior art, there are few technologies about using displacement sensors to measure the expansion and deformation of the protective layer. For example, the Chinese invention patent with the patent number CN201610559046.6 discloses a method for measuring the expansion and deformation of the protected layer. A top plate displacement measuring device and a bottom plate displacement measuring device, the top plate displacement measuring device includes an upper small tray, a lower small tray, a first hollow rod, a first spring, a first data transmission line, a first displacement sensor and a first digital display; The upper end of the first spring is connected to the upper small tray, the lower end of the first spring is connected to the lower small tray through the first displacement sensor, the first displacement sensor is fixed on the top surface of the lower small tray, and the upper end of the first hollow rod Weld with the bottom surface of the lower small tray;
底板位移测量装置包括上部大托盘、下部大托盘、第二空心杆、第二弹簧、第二数据传输线、第二位移传感器和第二数显表，所述第二弹簧的上端连接上部大托盘，第二弹簧的下端通过第二位移传感器连接下部大托盘，所述第二位移传感器固定在下部大托盘的顶面上，所述第二空心杆的上端焊接在下部大托盘的底面上；The bottom plate displacement measuring device includes an upper large tray, a lower large tray, a second hollow rod, a second spring, a second data transmission line, a second displacement sensor and a second digital display, the upper end of the second spring is connected to the upper large tray, The lower end of the second spring is connected to the lower large pallet through the second displacement sensor, the second displacement sensor is fixed on the top surface of the lower large pallet, and the upper end of the second hollow rod is welded on the bottom surface of the lower large pallet;
该测量方法需要钻孔并进行扩孔，工艺复杂，并且需要在煤层顶板和底板均放置测量装置，下部托盘容易受到煤岩掉落体影响测量准确性，采用四组传感器，成本较高。This measurement method requires drilling and reaming, the process is complicated, and measurement devices need to be placed on both the roof and the bottom of the coal seam. The lower tray is easily affected by the falling of coal and rocks. The measurement accuracy is affected by the four sets of sensors, and the cost is high.
被保护层在保护层开采的过程中会发生膨胀变形，且膨胀变形量较小， 往往只有几个毫米，需要及时进行测量捕捉，对装置可靠性、准确性要求较高；被保护层膨胀变形量测量装置研究对保护层开采瓦斯抽采和效果检验工作具有十分重要的意义。The protected layer will expand and deform during the mining of the protective layer, and the amount of expansion and deformation is small, often only a few millimeters, which needs to be measured and captured in time, which requires high reliability and accuracy of the device; the protected layer expands and deforms The research on the quantity measuring device is of great significance to the gas drainage and effect inspection of the protection layer mining.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中存在的技术问题，本发明提供了一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置及使用方法。本发明的测量装置考虑到钻孔固定稳定性，设计了膨胀固定器，考虑到被保护层变形膨胀量较小，通过位移传感器与压缩弹簧可灵敏的捕捉到保护层开采过程中被保护层膨胀变形的所有变化，使得监测数据及时、准确，精度更高。Aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a liquid injection type automatic measuring device for expansion and deformation of a protected layer and a method for using it. The measuring device of the present invention considers the fixing stability of the borehole, and designs an expansion fixer. Considering that the deformation and expansion of the protected layer are small, the expansion of the protected layer during the mining process of the protected layer can be captured sensitively through the displacement sensor and the compression spring. All changes in deformation make the monitoring data timely, accurate and with higher precision.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，该装置包括伸缩保护外套、压缩弹簧、位移传感器、连接杆、铠装电缆、膨胀固定器、直通单向阀、反扣高压接头、高压密封连接钻杆、注水接头、数显表；In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a liquid injection type automatic measuring device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer, the device includes a telescopic protective jacket, a compression spring, a displacement sensor, a connecting rod, an armored cable, and an expansion fixer , Straight-through check valve, reverse buckle high-pressure joint, high-pressure sealed connection drill pipe, water injection joint, digital display table;
所述位移传感器一端与伸缩保护外套内部端口铰接，位移传感器可沿伸缩保护外套轴向移动，另一端与连接杆一端相固定，在伸缩保护外套中设有压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧的一端与伸缩保护外套内部端口固定，另一端与位移传感器外壁相固定，所述连接杆的另一端与膨胀固定器的一端相固定，膨胀固定器的另一端通过直通单向阀、反扣高压接头与高压密封连接钻杆相连通，高压密封连接钻杆的末端与注水接头相连接，所述注水接头通过高压胶管与注水泵相连接；所述位移传感器另一端通过铠装电缆与外部数显表相连。One end of the displacement sensor is hinged to the internal port of the telescopic protection jacket, the displacement sensor can move axially along the telescopic protection jacket, and the other end is fixed to one end of the connecting rod. A compression spring is arranged in the telescopic protection jacket, and one end of the compression spring is connected to the telescopic protection jacket. The inner port of the jacket is fixed, the other end is fixed to the outer wall of the displacement sensor, the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to one end of the expansion fixer, and the other end of the expansion fixer is connected to the high-pressure seal through a straight-through check valve and a reverse buckle high-pressure joint The drill pipes are connected, and the end of the high-pressure sealed connection drill pipe is connected to the water injection joint, and the water injection joint is connected to the water injection pump through a high-pressure rubber hose; the other end of the displacement sensor is connected to an external digital display meter through an armored cable.
进一步地，所述膨胀固定器包括膨胀胶囊、固定器注液管和固定器中 部管；所述膨胀胶囊两端分别扣押密封至固定器中部管外部，固定器注液管的出口端伸入至膨胀胶囊与固定器中部管之间的密封空间，固定器注液管的入口端与所述直通单向阀相连接，所述固定器中部管上设有斜孔，铠装电缆依次穿过连接杆和固定器中部管后自斜孔内穿出与外部数显表相连。Further, the expansion fixer includes an expansion capsule, a fixer liquid injection tube and a fixer middle tube; the two ends of the expansion capsule are respectively buckled and sealed to the outside of the fixer middle tube, and the outlet end of the fixer liquid injection tube extends into the In the sealed space between the expansion capsule and the middle pipe of the holder, the inlet end of the liquid injection pipe of the holder is connected to the straight-through one-way valve, the middle pipe of the holder is provided with inclined holes, and the armored cables pass through the connection in turn The rod and the middle pipe of the fixer pass through the oblique hole and connect with the external digital display meter.
进一步地，所述连接杆与伸缩式位移传感器之间正向螺纹连接。Further, the connecting rod is forwardly threaded with the telescopic displacement sensor.
进一步地，所述反扣高压接头与高压密封连接钻杆反向螺纹相连接。Further, the reverse buckle high-pressure joint is connected with the reverse thread of the high-pressure sealing connection drill pipe.
进一步地，所述连接杆的数量与高压密封连接钻杆的数量均为至少一个，所述连接杆或高压密封连接钻杆数量为两个或两个以上时，连接杆之间或高压密封连接钻杆之间正向螺纹连接。Further, the number of connecting rods and the number of high-pressure sealed connecting drill rods are at least one, and when the number of connecting rods or high-pressure sealed connecting drill rods is two or more, there Positive threaded connection between rods.
进一步地，所述伸缩保护外套行程小于位移传感器量程。Further, the stroke of the telescopic protective jacket is smaller than the range of the displacement sensor.
进一步地，所述注水泵上设有安全溢流阀，且安全溢流阀阈值小于膨胀胶囊最大耐压值。Further, the water injection pump is provided with a safety overflow valve, and the threshold of the safety overflow valve is smaller than the maximum withstand pressure value of the expansion capsule.
进一步地，所述位移传感器为伸缩式位移传感器、激光位移传感器、光纤位移传感器或光栅位移传感器。Further, the displacement sensor is a telescopic displacement sensor, a laser displacement sensor, an optical fiber displacement sensor or a grating displacement sensor.
进一步地，所述位移传感器、铠装电缆、数显表均为本安型。Further, the displacement sensor, the armored cable, and the digital display meter are all intrinsically safe.
本发明同时提供了一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置的使用方法，利用上述的注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，按照如下步骤进行：The present invention also provides a method for using a liquid injection type automatic measuring device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer. Using the above liquid injection type automatic measurement device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer, the steps are as follows:
步骤一，选择煤岩层赋存稳定的巷道，利用钻机施工预定尺寸钻孔穿过被保护层，穿过煤层1m后停止施工； Step 1, select a roadway with stable coal and rock formations, use a drilling rig to drill holes of predetermined size to pass through the protected layer, and stop construction after passing through the coal seam for 1m;
步骤二，注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置中的注水接头取下， 通过高压密封连接钻杆将注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置推送至钻孔孔底，然后将铠装电缆与数显表相连，通过数显表显示位移传感器读数，继续推送测量装置，压缩伸缩保护外套内的压缩弹簧，并通过实时读取数显表的位移量读数，控制推送压缩量；Step 2: Remove the water injection joint in the automatic measurement device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer of the liquid injection type, and push the liquid injection type automatic measurement device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer to the bottom of the drill hole through the high-pressure sealed connection of the drill pipe, and then insert the The armored cable is connected to the digital display meter, and the reading of the displacement sensor is displayed through the digital display meter, and the measuring device is continuously pushed to compress the compression spring in the telescopic protection jacket, and the pushing compression amount is controlled by reading the displacement reading of the digital display meter in real time;
步骤三，将高压密封连接钻杆通过注水接头以及高压胶管与注水泵相连后，开启注水泵通过高压密封连接钻杆向测量装置膨胀固定器注水，高压水流经直通单向阀、固定器注液管至膨胀胶囊与固定器中部管中部空间，膨胀胶囊发生膨胀变形，挤压钻孔岩壁，实现测量装置固定；Step 3: After connecting the high-pressure sealed drill pipe to the water injection pump through the water injection joint and high-pressure rubber hose, turn on the water injection pump to inject water into the expansion fixer of the measuring device through the high-pressure sealed drill pipe, and the high-pressure water flows through the straight-through check valve and the fixer to inject liquid When the tube reaches the space between the expansion capsule and the middle part of the tube, the expansion capsule expands and deforms, and squeezes the rock wall of the borehole to fix the measuring device;
步骤四，停止注水泵注水，去除注水接头与高压胶管，利用钻机反向旋转高压密封连接钻杆，实现反扣高压接头与高压密封连接钻杆分离，撤出高压密封连接钻杆； Step 4, stop the water injection pump, remove the water injection joint and high-pressure rubber hose, use the drilling rig to reversely rotate the high-pressure sealing connection drill pipe, realize the separation of the reverse buckle high-pressure joint and the high-pressure sealing connection drilling pipe, and withdraw the high-pressure sealing connection drilling pipe;
步骤五，将数显表归零，保护层回采的过程中，实时监测记录数显表的位移读数，根据钻孔角度即可换算得到被保护层膨胀变形量。Step 5: Reset the digital display meter to zero. During the recovery process of the protective layer, monitor and record the displacement reading of the digital display meter in real time. According to the drilling angle, the expansion and deformation of the protected layer can be converted.
本发明与现有技术相比所具有的有益效果是：与现有技术相比，本发明采用液压方式代替传统钢楔等固定方式，具有安装稳固，便于安装，抗干扰性强等特点；同时将位移传感器布置于测量装置内部替代长距离钢丝绳相对位移孔口测量，实现了对膨胀变形量的直接高精度实时测量，且仅需一组位移传感器系统，同时高压密封连接钻杆可回收，成本低，系统简单，可靠性高。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a hydraulic method to replace the traditional steel wedge and other fixing methods, and has the characteristics of stable installation, easy installation, and strong anti-interference; at the same time The displacement sensor is arranged inside the measuring device to replace the long-distance steel wire rope relative displacement orifice measurement, which realizes the direct high-precision real-time measurement of the expansion deformation, and only one set of displacement sensor system is needed. At the same time, the high-pressure sealed connection drill pipe can be recycled and the cost Low, simple system, high reliability.
图1是本发明的自动测量装置结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of automatic measuring device of the present invention;
图中：1伸缩保护外套，2压缩弹簧，3位移传感器，4连接杆，5铠装电 缆，6膨胀固定器，7直通单向阀，8反扣高压接头，9高压密封连接钻杆，10注水接头，11注水泵，12高压软管，31数显表，61膨胀胶囊，62固定器注液管，63固定器中部管。In the figure: 1 telescopic protective jacket, 2 compression spring, 3 displacement sensor, 4 connecting rod, 5 armored cable, 6 expansion fixer, 7 straight-through check valve, 8 buckle high-pressure joint, 9 high-pressure sealing connection drill pipe, 10 Water injection joint, 11 water injection pump, 12 high-pressure hose, 31 digital display, 61 expansion capsule, 62 fixer liquid injection tube, 63 fixer middle tube.
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
参照图1，一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，一般用于推送深度大于10m以上时，该装置包括伸缩保护外套1，压缩弹簧2，位移传感器3，连接杆4，铠装电缆5，膨胀固定器6，直通单向阀7，反扣高压接头8，高压密封连接钻杆9，注水接头10，数显表31；Referring to Fig. 1, a liquid injection type automatic measuring device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer is generally used when the pushing depth is greater than 10m. Cable installation 5, expansion fixer 6, straight-through check valve 7, reverse buckle high-pressure joint 8, high-pressure sealing connection drill pipe 9, water injection joint 10, digital display meter 31;
所述位移传感器3一端与伸缩保护外套1内部端口铰接，另一端与连接杆4一端相固定，位移传感器3可沿伸缩保护外套1轴向移动，在伸缩保护外套1中设有压缩弹簧2，压缩弹簧2的一端与伸缩保护外套内部端口固定，另一端与位移传感器3外壁相固定，所述连接杆4的另一端与膨胀固定器6的一端相固定，膨胀固定器6的另一端通过直通单向阀7、反扣高压接头8与高压密封连接钻杆9相连通，高压密封连接钻杆9的末端与注水接头10相连接，注水接头10通过高压胶管12与注水泵11相连接；所述位移传感器3另一端通过铠装电缆5与外部数显表31相连。One end of the displacement sensor 3 is hinged to the internal port of the telescopic protective jacket 1, and the other end is fixed to one end of the connecting rod 4. The displacement sensor 3 can move axially along the telescopic protective jacket 1, and a compression spring 2 is arranged in the telescopic protective jacket 1. One end of the compression spring 2 is fixed to the inner port of the telescopic protective jacket, the other end is fixed to the outer wall of the displacement sensor 3, the other end of the connecting rod 4 is fixed to one end of the expansion fixer 6, and the other end of the expansion fixer 6 passes through The one-way valve 7, the reverse buckle high-pressure joint 8 are connected with the high-pressure sealed connection drill pipe 9, and the end of the high-pressure sealed connection drill pipe 9 is connected with the water injection joint 10, and the water injection joint 10 is connected with the water injection pump 11 through the high-pressure rubber hose 12; The other end of the displacement sensor 3 is connected to an external digital display meter 31 through an armored cable 5 .
所述膨胀固定器6包括包括膨胀胶囊61、固定器注液管62和固定器中部 管63；所述膨胀胶囊61两端分别扣押密封至固定器中部管63外部，固定器注液管62的出口端伸入至膨胀胶囊61与固定器中部管63之间的密封空间，固定器注液管62的入口端与所述直通单向阀7相连接，所述固定器中部管63上设有斜孔631，铠装电缆5依次穿过连接杆4和固定器中部管63后自斜孔631内穿出与外部数显表31相连。固定器注液管62的出口端为弯曲结构，并自固定器中部管63设置的通孔内穿入膨胀胶囊61与固定器中部管63之间的密封空间。The expansion fixer 6 includes an expansion capsule 61, a fixer liquid injection pipe 62 and a fixator middle pipe 63; The outlet end extends into the sealed space between the expansion capsule 61 and the middle pipe 63 of the holder, the inlet end of the liquid injection pipe 62 of the holder is connected to the straight-through check valve 7, and the middle pipe 63 of the holder is provided with The inclined hole 631, the armored cable 5 passes through the connecting rod 4 and the middle pipe 63 of the fixture in turn, passes through the inclined hole 631 and is connected with the external digital display meter 31. The outlet end of the liquid injection pipe 62 of the holder is a curved structure, and penetrates into the sealed space between the expansion capsule 61 and the middle pipe 63 of the holder from the through hole provided in the middle pipe 63 of the holder.
所述连接杆4与位移传感器3之间正向螺纹连接。The connecting rod 4 and the displacement sensor 3 are positively threaded.
所述连接杆4的数量与高压密封连接钻杆9的数量均为至少一个，所述连接杆4与固定器中部管63之间正向螺纹连接。根据实际需要，所述连接杆4或高压密封连接钻杆9数量为两个或两个以上时，连接杆4之间或高压密封连接钻杆9之间正向螺纹连接。The number of the connecting rod 4 and the number of the drill pipe 9 connected with the high-pressure seal are at least one, and the connecting rod 4 is forwardly threaded with the middle pipe 63 of the holder. According to actual needs, when there are two or more connecting rods 4 or high-pressure sealed connecting drill rods 9, the connecting rods 4 or high-pressure sealed connecting drill rods 9 are forwardly threaded.
所述反扣高压接头8与高压密封连接钻杆9反向螺纹相连接。The reverse buckle high-pressure joint 8 is connected with the reverse thread of the high-pressure sealing drill pipe 9 .
所述位移传感器3为伸缩式位移传感器、激光位移传感器、光纤位移传感器或光栅位移传感器。The displacement sensor 3 is a telescopic displacement sensor, a laser displacement sensor, an optical fiber displacement sensor or a grating displacement sensor.
所述伸缩保护外套1相对于位移传感器3的轴向移动行程小于位移传感器3量程。The axial movement stroke of the telescopic protective jacket 1 relative to the displacement sensor 3 is smaller than the range of the displacement sensor 3 .
所述注水泵11上设有安全溢流阀，且安全溢流阀阈值小于膨胀胶囊61最大耐压值。The water injection pump 11 is provided with a safety overflow valve, and the threshold of the safety overflow valve is smaller than the maximum withstand pressure value of the expansion capsule 61 .
所述位移传感器3、铠装电缆5、数显表31均为本安型。The displacement sensor 3, the armored cable 5, and the digital display meter 31 are all intrinsically safe.
本发明同时提供了一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置的使用方法，利用上述的注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，按照如下 步骤进行：The present invention also provides a method for using a liquid injection type automatic measuring device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer, using the above liquid injection type automatic measurement device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer according to the following steps:
步骤一，选择煤岩层赋存稳定的巷道，利用钻机施工预定尺寸钻孔穿过被保护层，穿过煤层1m后停止施工； Step 1, select a roadway with stable coal and rock formations, use a drilling rig to drill holes of predetermined size to pass through the protected layer, and stop construction after passing through the coal seam for 1m;
步骤二，注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置中的注水接头取下，通过高压密封连接钻杆9将注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置推送至钻孔孔底(根据推送深度需要，可采用多个高压密封连接钻杆9相连接，各高压密封连接钻杆9之间正向螺纹连接)，然后将铠装电缆5与数显表31相连，通过数显表31显示位移传感器3读数，继续微量推送测量装置，压缩伸缩保护外套1内的压缩弹簧2，并通过实时读取数显表31的位移量读数，控制推送压缩量；Step 2: Remove the water injection joint in the automatic measurement device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer of the liquid injection type, and push the liquid injection type automatic measurement device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer to the bottom of the borehole through the high-pressure sealing connection drill pipe 9 (according to Pushing depth needs, can adopt a plurality of high-pressure sealed connection drilling rods 9 to be connected, each high-pressure sealing connection drill rods 9 forward screw connection), then the armored cable 5 is connected with the digital display meter 31, through the digital display meter 31 Display the reading of the displacement sensor 3, continue to push the measuring device in a small amount, compress the compression spring 2 in the telescopic protective jacket 1, and control the pushing compression amount by reading the displacement reading of the digital display meter 31 in real time;
步骤三，将高压密封连接钻杆9通过注水接头10以及高压胶管12与注水泵11相连后，开启注水泵11通过高压密封连接钻杆9向测量装置膨胀固定器6注水，高压水流经直通单向阀7、固定器注液管62至膨胀胶囊61与固定器中部管63中部空间，膨胀胶囊61发生膨胀变形，挤压钻孔岩壁，实现测量装置固定；Step 3: After connecting the high-pressure sealed drill pipe 9 with the water injection pump 11 through the water injection joint 10 and the high-pressure rubber hose 12, turn on the water injection pump 11 and inject water into the expansion fixer 6 of the measuring device through the high-pressure sealed drill pipe 9, and the high-pressure water flows through the straight-through unit. To the valve 7, the fixer liquid injection pipe 62 to the space in the middle of the expansion capsule 61 and the fixer middle pipe 63, the expansion capsule 61 is expanded and deformed, and squeezes the drilling rock wall to realize the fixation of the measuring device;
步骤四，停止注水泵注水，去除注水接头10与高压胶管12，利用钻机反向旋转高压密封连接钻杆9，实现反扣高压接头8与高压密封连接钻杆9分离，撤出高压密封连接钻杆9； Step 4, stop the water injection pump, remove the water injection joint 10 and the high-pressure rubber hose 12, use the drilling rig to reversely rotate the high-pressure sealing connection drill pipe 9, realize the separation of the anti-clamp high-pressure joint 8 and the high-pressure sealing connection drilling pipe 9, and withdraw the high-pressure sealing connection drill pipe pole 9;
步骤五，将数显表31归零，保护层回采的过程中，实时监测记录数显表31的位移读数，根据钻孔角度即可换算得到被保护层膨胀变形量。 Step 5, reset the digital display meter 31 to zero, and monitor and record the displacement readings of the digital display meter 31 in real time during the recovery process of the protective layer, and convert the expansion and deformation of the protected layer according to the drilling angle.
本发明提出的被保护层膨胀变形量测量装置，考虑到钻孔固定稳定性，设计了膨胀固定器，考虑到被保护层变形膨胀量较小，通过位移传感器与 弹簧组件可灵敏的捕捉到保护层开采过程中被保护层膨胀变形的所有变化，使得监测数据及时、准确，精度更高。The protected layer expansion and deformation measurement device proposed in the present invention, considering the stability of the drilling fixation, designed the expansion fixer, considering the small deformation and expansion of the protected layer, the displacement sensor and the spring assembly can sensitively capture the protection All changes in the expansion and deformation of the protected layer during the layer mining process make the monitoring data timely, accurate and with higher precision.
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In this paper, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention Thoughts, there will be changes in specific implementation methods and application ranges. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (9)
- 一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，其特征在于，该装置包括伸缩保护外套、压缩弹簧、位移传感器、连接杆、铠装电缆、膨胀固定器、直通单向阀、反扣高压接头、高压密封连接钻杆、注水接头、数显表；A liquid injection type automatic measuring device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer, characterized in that the device includes a telescopic protective jacket, a compression spring, a displacement sensor, a connecting rod, an armored cable, an expansion fixer, a straight-through one-way valve, a buckle High-pressure joints, high-pressure sealed connection drill pipes, water injection joints, digital display meters;所述位移传感器一端与伸缩保护外套内部端口铰接，位移传感器可沿伸缩保护外套轴向移动，另一端与连接杆一端相固定，在伸缩保护外套中设有压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧的一端与伸缩保护外套内部端口固定，另一端与位移传感器外壁相固定，所述连接杆的另一端与膨胀固定器的一端相固定，膨胀固定器的另一端通过直通单向阀、反扣高压接头与高压密封连接钻杆相连通，高压密封连接钻杆的末端与注水接头相连接，所述注水接头通过高压胶管与注水泵相连接；所述位移传感器另一端通过铠装电缆与外部数显表相连。One end of the displacement sensor is hinged to the internal port of the telescopic protection jacket, the displacement sensor can move axially along the telescopic protection jacket, and the other end is fixed to one end of the connecting rod. A compression spring is arranged in the telescopic protection jacket, and one end of the compression spring is connected to the telescopic protection jacket. The inner port of the jacket is fixed, the other end is fixed to the outer wall of the displacement sensor, the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to one end of the expansion fixer, and the other end of the expansion fixer is connected to the high-pressure seal through a straight-through check valve and a reverse buckle high-pressure joint The drill pipes are connected, and the end of the high-pressure sealed connection drill pipe is connected to the water injection joint, and the water injection joint is connected to the water injection pump through a high-pressure rubber hose; the other end of the displacement sensor is connected to an external digital display meter through an armored cable.
- 如权利要求1所述的一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，其特征在于，所述膨胀固定器包括膨胀胶囊、固定器注液管和固定器中部管；所述膨胀胶囊两端分别扣押密封至固定器中部管外部，固定器注液管的出口端伸入至膨胀胶囊与固定器中部管之间的密封空间，固定器注液管的入口端与所述直通单向阀相连接，所述固定器中部管上设有斜孔，铠装电缆依次穿过连接杆和固定器中部管后自斜孔内穿出与外部数显表相连。A liquid injection type automatic measuring device for expansion and deformation of the protected layer according to claim 1, wherein the expansion fixer includes an expansion capsule, a fixer liquid injection tube and a fixer middle tube; the expansion capsule The two ends are respectively seized and sealed to the outside of the middle tube of the holder, the outlet end of the liquid injection pipe of the holder extends into the sealed space between the expansion capsule and the middle pipe of the holder, and the inlet end of the liquid injection pipe of the holder is connected to the straight-through unidirectional The valves are connected with each other, and the middle pipe of the holder is provided with a slanted hole, and the armored cable passes through the connecting rod and the middle pipe of the holder in turn, and passes through the slanted hole to connect with the external digital display.
- 如权利要求1所述的一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，其特征在于，所述连接杆与伸缩式位移传感器之间正向螺纹连接。The liquid injection type automatic measuring device for expansion and deformation of the protected layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the connection rod is forwardly threaded with the telescopic displacement sensor.
- 如权利要求1所述的一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置， 其特征在于，所述反扣高压接头与高压密封连接钻杆反向螺纹相连接。The liquid injection type automatic measuring device for expansion and deformation of the protected layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the reverse buckle high-pressure joint is connected with the reverse thread of the high-pressure sealing connection drill pipe.
- 如权利要求1所述的一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，其特征在于，所述连接杆的数量与高压密封连接钻杆的数量均为至少一个，所述连接杆或高压密封连接钻杆数量为两个或两个以上时，连接杆之间或高压密封连接钻杆之间正向螺纹连接。A liquid injection type automatic measuring device for expansion and deformation of the protected layer according to claim 1, wherein the number of the connecting rods and the number of high-pressure sealing drill pipes are both at least one, and the connecting rods or When there are two or more drill pipes connected by high-pressure seal, forward thread connection between connecting rods or between drill pipes connected by high-pressure seal.
- 如权利要求1所述的一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，其特征在于，所述位移传感器为伸缩式位移传感器、激光位移传感器、光纤位移传感器或光栅位移传感器。The liquid injection type automatic measuring device for expansion and deformation of the protected layer according to claim 1, wherein the displacement sensor is a telescopic displacement sensor, a laser displacement sensor, an optical fiber displacement sensor or a grating displacement sensor.
- 如权利要求1所述的一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，其特征在于，所述注水泵上设有安全溢流阀，且安全溢流阀阈值小于膨胀胶囊最大耐压值。A liquid injection type automatic measuring device for expansion and deformation of the protected layer according to claim 1, wherein a safety overflow valve is provided on the water injection pump, and the threshold of the safety overflow valve is less than the maximum withstand pressure of the expansion capsule value.
- 如权利要求1所述的一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，其特征在于，所述位移传感器、铠装电缆、数显表均为本安型。A liquid injection type automatic measuring device for expansion and deformation of the protected layer according to claim 1, wherein the displacement sensor, the armored cable, and the digital display meter are all intrinsically safe.
- 一种注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置的使用方法，利用如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置，按照如下步骤进行：A method for using a liquid injection type automatic measurement device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer, using the liquid injection type automatic measurement device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer according to any one of claims 1-8, according to the following steps:步骤一，选择煤岩层赋存稳定的巷道，利用钻机施工预定尺寸钻孔穿过被保护层，穿过煤层1m后停止施工；Step 1, select a roadway with stable coal and rock formations, use a drilling rig to drill holes of predetermined size to pass through the protected layer, and stop construction after passing through the coal seam for 1m;步骤二，注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置中的注水接头取下，通过高压密封连接钻杆将注液式被保护层膨胀变形量自动测量装置推送至钻孔孔底，然后将铠装电缆与外部数显表相连，通过数显表显示位移传感器读数，继续推送测量装置，压缩伸缩保护外套内的压缩弹簧，并通过实 时读取数显表的位移量读数，控制推送压缩量；Step 2: Remove the water injection joint in the automatic measurement device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer of the liquid injection type, and push the liquid injection type automatic measurement device for the expansion and deformation of the protected layer to the bottom of the drill hole through a high-pressure sealed connection to the drill pipe. The armored cable is connected to the external digital display meter, and the reading of the displacement sensor is displayed through the digital display meter, and the measuring device is continuously pushed to compress the compression spring in the telescopic protection jacket, and the pushing compression amount is controlled by reading the displacement reading of the digital display meter in real time ;步骤三，将高压密封连接钻杆通过注水接头以及高压胶管与注水泵相连后，开启注水泵通过高压密封连接钻杆向测量装置膨胀固定器注水，高压水流经直通单向阀、固定器注液管至膨胀胶囊与固定器中部管中部空间，膨胀胶囊发生膨胀变形，挤压钻孔岩壁，实现测量装置固定；Step 3: After connecting the high-pressure sealed drill pipe to the water injection pump through the water injection joint and high-pressure rubber hose, turn on the water injection pump to inject water into the expansion fixer of the measuring device through the high-pressure sealed drill pipe, and the high-pressure water flows through the straight-through check valve and the fixer to inject liquid When the tube reaches the space between the expansion capsule and the middle part of the tube, the expansion capsule expands and deforms, and squeezes the rock wall of the borehole to fix the measuring device;步骤四，停止注水泵注水，去除注水接头与高压胶管，利用钻机反向旋转高压密封连接钻杆，实现反扣高压接头与高压密封连接钻杆分离，撤出高压密封连接钻杆；Step 4, stop the water injection pump, remove the water injection joint and high-pressure rubber hose, use the drilling rig to reversely rotate the high-pressure sealing connection drill pipe, realize the separation of the reverse buckle high-pressure joint and the high-pressure sealing connection drilling pipe, and withdraw the high-pressure sealing connection drilling pipe;步骤五，将数显表归零，保护层回采的过程中，实时监测记录数显表的位移读数，根据钻孔角度即可换算得到被保护层膨胀变形量。Step 5: Reset the digital display meter to zero. During the recovery process of the protective layer, monitor and record the displacement reading of the digital display meter in real time. According to the drilling angle, the expansion and deformation of the protected layer can be converted.
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