WO2022246780A1 - 一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置 - Google Patents

一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置 Download PDF

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WO2022246780A1
WO2022246780A1 PCT/CN2021/096608 CN2021096608W WO2022246780A1 WO 2022246780 A1 WO2022246780 A1 WO 2022246780A1 CN 2021096608 W CN2021096608 W CN 2021096608W WO 2022246780 A1 WO2022246780 A1 WO 2022246780A1
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modular
oyster
wave energy
raft
deep
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PCT/CN2021/096608
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English (en)
French (fr)
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宁德志
乔东生
滕斌
张崇伟
陈丽芬
丛培文
杜君峰
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大连理工大学
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/096608 priority Critical patent/WO2022246780A1/zh
Publication of WO2022246780A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022246780A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • A01K61/55—Baskets therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/22—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the flow of water resulting from wave movements to drive a motor or turbine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea farming equipment and marine engineering, in particular to a multi-modular oyster farming pasture and a raft-type wave energy integration device suitable for deep-sea.
  • Oscillating buoy type wave energy devices are small in size and low in energy capture power, so it is difficult to meet the electricity demand for deep-sea oyster farming.
  • Pendulum type and oscillating water column type wave energy devices are mainly used in offshore and fixed on the shore or on the seabed.
  • the present invention proposes to split the ultra-large single modular frame structure into multiple modular oyster farming frames, and scientifically integrate and realize the multi-modular oyster farming pasture Cooperating with the raft-type wave energy device, the relative motion response generated between the breeding frames under the action of waves is effectively utilized, and at the same time, the motion response is reduced through the energy absorbed by the raft-type wave energy device to ensure structural safety.
  • a multi-modular oyster breeding pasture and raft wave energy integration device suitable for deep and open seas, including a modular oyster breeding frame and a raft wave energy device, two adjacent A raft-type wave energy device is arranged between the modular oyster culture frames, and under the action of wave load, the relative motion between the modular oyster culture frames is used to push the raft-type wave energy device to capture wave energy and generate electricity.
  • the modular oyster culture frame includes a pontoon and an oyster platform, the oyster platform is connected to the pontoon through a ball screw, and an electromechanical device is installed in the pontoon to drive the ball screw, so that the oyster platform Rising or descending; the oyster platform is connected with a suspension rope and/or a hanging cage sunk in the sea for attaching oysters.
  • the cultivation monitoring system in the modular oyster cultivation framework includes a temperature sensor and a salinity sensor, which are installed at the bottom of the buoyancy tank for monitoring seawater temperature and salinity.
  • the raft-type wave energy device includes a hinge and a PTO system, and the PTO system is connected to the modular oyster culture frame on both sides through the hinge, so that the modular oyster culture frame can be generated between the PTO system and the modular oyster culture frame under the action of waves. relative movement.
  • the relative motion between the PTO system and the modular oyster culture frame on one side is left and right translation
  • the relative motion between the modular oyster culture frame on the other side is up and down rotation, ensuring that two adjacent The left and right translation and up and down rotation can be generated simultaneously between the modular oyster culture frames.
  • the PTO system includes a hydraulic system
  • the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic cylinder, an oil tank and a hydraulic motor
  • the hydraulic cylinders located on both sides of the PTO system are hinged to the adjacent modular oyster culture frame, and the output of the hydraulic cylinder
  • the input end of the oil tank is connected with the input end of the oil tank, and the output end of the oil tank is connected with the input end of the hydraulic motor;
  • the relative movement between the modularized oyster culture frames drives the piston in the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate, so that the oil from the hydraulic cylinder It is pressed out, passes through the oil tank and reaches the hydraulic motor, so that the wave energy is converted into mechanical energy, and finally converted into electrical energy through the generator;
  • the PTO system includes a power generation system
  • the power generation system includes a three-phase current generator, a rectifier bridge, a storage device and a lithium battery pack, the input end of the three-phase current generator and the output end of the hydraulic motor Connection, the rectifier bridge is connected to the output end of the generator, and the alternating current is converted into direct current, and the electric energy is stored in the lithium battery pack by the storage device.
  • both the hydraulic system and the power generation system are installed in a steel cylinder.
  • the modular oyster farming frame located at both ends operates in a fixed sea area through a mooring system.
  • the mooring system includes mooring lines and mooring buoys, the modular oyster culture frame is connected to the anchor foundation on the seabed through the mooring lines on both sides, and mooring lines are provided on the mooring lines. float.
  • the present invention integrates the PTO system in the raft-type wave energy device to absorb wave energy, which can effectively reduce the relative movement range between the modular oyster breeding frames, reduce the motion response between the frames, and improve the efficiency of the multi-modular oyster breeding farm. Survivability, to ensure that the frames will not be damaged due to collisions caused by excessive relative movement range under extreme sea conditions.
  • the present invention designs the hinged connection between the modular oyster culture frames as a wave energy absorbing power generation device, realizing the natural science of multi-modular breeding farms and raft-type wave energy devices in deep and open seas. Integrated to solve the problem of lack of electricity required for the deep-sea oyster farming process.
  • Fig. 1 is the front view of integrated device of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the top view of the integrated device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a left view of the integrated device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the axonometric view of the integrated device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial sectional view of the raft type wave energy device of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides a multi-modular oyster breeding pasture and raft wave energy integration device suitable for deep seas, including several modular oyster farming frames, and the adjacent modular oyster farming frames
  • the raft-type wave energy device is used to hinge; the raft-type wave energy device has a large power generation, works uninterrupted throughout the day, is not sensitive to wave frequency changes, and has high survivability under extreme sea conditions.
  • the raft-type wave energy device is used to provide long-term stable power supply for the breeding equipment and resource environment monitoring equipment of the breeding farm, which solves the problem of power shortage in deep sea oyster farming.
  • the modular oyster culture frame 1 Under the action of incident waves, the modular oyster culture frame 1 produces relative movement up and down, which drives the hydraulic cylinder 202 in the raft wave energy device 2 to reciprocate, so that the oil passes through the hydraulic motor 204 to make the generator 205 work, and the energy
  • the conversion path is: wave energy ⁇ mechanical energy ⁇ hydraulic energy ⁇ electrical energy.
  • the mooring system 3 adopts mooring positioning, and steel chains, steel cables, artificial fiber mooring cables, weights, buoys and other components can be used, and the constraint requirements of the motion response of the integrated device must be met according to the actual operating sea conditions.
  • the modular oyster culture frame 1 adopts a steel square frame structure, including a buoyancy box and an oyster platform 105.
  • the box b104 is composed of end-to-end welding, which is the main structure of the modular oyster culture frame.
  • the floating box adopts a hollow structure and is made of high-strength steel to provide buoyancy for the modular oyster culture frame 1.
  • the oyster platform 105 adopts a mesh I-shaped steel structure (low cost, easy to process), arranged in the middle of the culture frame, and connected with the floating tank by a ball screw 106.
  • the electromechanical device installed in the buoyancy tank is used to drive the ball screw 106, so that the oyster platform 105 can be lifted up and down, so that the oysters can be exposed to the sun and avoid extreme wind and waves regularly, so as to improve the quality of the oysters.
  • Hanging ropes 109 and/or cages 110 are installed under the oyster platform 105 and submerged in the sea for attaching oysters.
  • the cultivation monitoring system includes a temperature sensor 107 and a salinity sensor 108, which are installed at the bottom of the buoyancy tank for monitoring seawater temperature and salinity.
  • the raft type wave energy device includes a hinge 201 and a PTO system.
  • the hinge 201 is used to hinge the modular oyster culture frame 1 and the PTO system, and plays a connection role to ensure that the culture frame can generate relative movement with the PTO system under the action of waves.
  • the relative motion between the PTO system and the modular oyster culture frame on one side is left and right translation, and the relative motion between the PTO system and the modular oyster culture frame on the other side is up and down rotation, ensuring that the two adjacent modular oyster culture frames
  • the room can generate left and right translation and up and down rotation at the same time; the PTO system absorbs energy, which reduces the movement response of the multi-modular farming frame, improves the reliability and survivability of the farming pasture, and protects the safety of the structure.
  • the PTO system includes a hydraulic system and a power generation system.
  • the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic cylinder 202, an oil tank 203 and a hydraulic motor 204.
  • the hydraulic cylinders on both sides of the PTO system are hinged to the adjacent modular oyster culture frame, and the hydraulic cylinders on one side are distributed up and down. , the hydraulic cylinders on the other side are distributed left and right.
  • the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 202 is connected to the input end of the oil tank through a pipeline, and a check valve is integrated in the oil tank to prevent oil backflow.
  • the output end of the oil tank is connected to the input end of the hydraulic motor 204 through a pipeline, and the module
  • the relative movement between the oyster culture frames drives the piston in the hydraulic cylinder 202 to reciprocate, so that the oil is pressed out from the hydraulic cylinder 202, passes through the oil tank to the hydraulic motor 204, converts the wave energy into mechanical energy, and finally passes through the generator 205 converted into electricity.
  • the power generation system includes a three-phase current generator 205 , a rectifier bridge 206 , a storage device 207 and a lithium battery pack 208 .
  • the input end of the three-phase current generator 205 is connected with the output end of the hydraulic motor 204, and the rectifier bridge 206 is connected with the output end of the three-phase current generator 205, and the alternating current is converted into direct current, and the electric energy is stored in the lithium battery by the storage device 207 Group 208.
  • the hydraulic system and power generation system mentioned above are all installed in the steel cylinder.
  • the modular oyster floating culture frame 1 under the action of wave load, the modular oyster floating culture frame 1 will produce a motion response, and the relative motion between the culture frames can just be used as the energy input source of the raft type wave energy device 2, so each modular oyster floating culture
  • the PTO system integrating the raft-type wave energy device in the connection unit between the farming frames 1 uses the movement of the hinged structure between the modules to push the raft-type wave energy device to capture wave energy and generate electricity.
  • the present invention proposes a multi-modular oyster breeding pasture and a raft-type wave energy integration device suitable for deep and open seas.
  • the raft-type wave energy device is used to absorb wave energy and control the dynamic response of the modular oyster breeding frame 1, so as to solve the problem of production of oyster breeding devices in deep and open seas.
  • the required clean electricity is fully feasible in practical engineering applications.
  • the installation method of the integrated device of the present invention is as follows: the modularized oyster culture frame 1 and the raft type wave energy device 2 are respectively manufactured and installed on land, and then the modularized oyster culture frame 1 and the raft type wave energy device 2 are transported to the The sea area is selected and the assembly is completed, and then the mooring system 3 is installed in the sea area to complete the mooring positioning of the multi-modular oyster breeding farm.

Abstract

一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，包括模块化牡蛎养殖框架（1）和筏式波浪能装置（2），相邻两个模块化牡蛎养殖框架（1）之间设有筏式波浪能装置（2），在波浪荷载作用下，利用模块化牡蛎养殖框架（1）之间的相对运动推动筏式波浪能装置（2）来捕获波能发电。

Description

一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置 技术领域
本发明涉及深远海养殖装备与海洋工程技术领域，具体涉及一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置。
背景技术
随着经济社会的飞速发展，人们对于高端牡蛎的需求越来越大，牡蛎具有食物链短、生长快、产量高、分布广、营养价值高、经济效益好等优点，是我国海洋牧场重要的养殖水产品之一。然而，近海养殖空间紧张使得养殖规模受限，传统渔业水域面积不断减少，近海水域环境污染日趋严重，带来了产业冲突、生态损失、病害风险、质量安全等一系列问题。同时，深远海区域的牡蛎养殖具有水质干净、污染小、空间充足等优点，因此牡蛎养殖由近海向深远海区域拓展是未来牡蛎养殖产业发展的必然选择。
目前海上养殖大多采用单一模块超大型浮式框架结构，体量巨大，导致了制造、运输、安装等方面的困难。养殖模块由于体量巨大会受到中垂、中拱、扭转等外力联合作用而引起的巨大结构应力，不利于牡蛎养殖作业，使养殖模块在极端海况下的生存能力大大降低，极易造成养殖模块结构破坏。
现有技术中深远海养殖牧场普遍存在海上电力资源匮乏的问题，这造成了深远海养殖牧场生产过程中养殖效率低、捕捞效率低、劳动强度大、危险系数高等难题，从而阻碍着现代化海洋牧场的发展。其 次，现存的深远海养殖牧场供电由柴油发电机提供，所用柴油需远途供应，运输成本高；受深远海恶劣的海洋环境限制，柴油发电机加油窗口期较短；并且容易出现漏油等故障。一旦柴油发电机供电中断，将导致养殖牧场的养殖设备、资源环境监测设备等无法长期稳定运行。
海洋中常见的可再生能源包括太阳能、风能、波浪能等，但是在深远海养殖牧场中采用太阳能、风能发电时需建立独立的支撑结构，提升了养殖牧场的建造成本，不经济。振荡浮子式波浪能装置由于体积小，俘能功率低，很难满足深远海牡蛎养殖的用电需求，摆式和振荡水柱式波浪能装置主要应用于近海，并固定于岸边或者海底。
发明内容
为解决上述深远海牡蛎养殖存在的生存能力问题与电力供应问题，本发明提出了将超大型单一模块框架结构拆分成多个模块化牡蛎养殖框架，并科学集成和实现多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场与筏式波浪能装置的协同工作，有效利用波浪作用下养殖框架之间产生的相对运动响应，同时通过筏式波浪能装置吸收能量而降低运动响应，保证结构安全。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，包括模块化牡蛎养殖框架和筏式波浪能装置，相邻两个模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间设有筏式波浪能装置，在波浪荷载作用下，利用模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动推动筏式波浪能装置来捕获波能发电。
进一步的，所述模块化牡蛎养殖框架包括浮箱和牡蛎平台，所述牡蛎平台通过滚珠丝杠与浮箱相连，所述浮箱中安装有电动机械装置用于驱动滚珠丝杠，使牡蛎平台上升或下降；所述牡蛎平台下连接有沉于海中的吊绳和/或吊笼，用于附着牡蛎。
进一步的，所述模块化牡蛎养殖框架中的养殖监测系统包括温度传感器和盐度传感器，其安装在浮箱底部，用于监测海水温度和盐度。
进一步的，所述筏式波浪能装置包括铰链和PTO系统，所述PTO系统通过铰链与两侧的模块化牡蛎养殖框架相连，使模块化牡蛎养殖框架在波浪的作用下与PTO系统之间产生相对运动。
进一步的，所述PTO系统与一侧的模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动为左右平动，与另一侧的模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动为上下转动，保证相邻两个模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间能同时产生左右平动和上下转动。
更进一步的，所述PTO系统包括液压系统，所述液压系统包括液压缸、油箱和液压马达，位于PTO系统两侧的液压缸与相邻的模块化牡蛎养殖框架铰接，所述液压缸的输出端与油箱的输入端相连接，该油箱的输出端与液压马达的输入端相连接；所述模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动带动液压缸内的活塞往复运动，使得油液从液压缸中被压出，经过油箱到达液压马达，使波浪能转化为机械能，最后经过发电机转化为电能；
更进一步的，所述PTO系统包括发电系统，所述发电系统包括三相电流发电机、整流电桥、储存装置和锂电池组，所述三相电流发 电机的输入端与液压马达的输出端连接，整流电桥与发电机的输出端连接，将交流电转化为直流电，由储存装置将电能存于锂电池组。
更进一步的，所述液压系统和发电系统均安装在钢制圆筒中。
作为更进一步的，位于两端的模块化牡蛎养殖框架通过系泊系统在固定海域作业。
作为更进一步的，所述系泊系统包括系泊线和系泊浮筒，模块化牡蛎养殖框架通过两侧的系泊线与位于海底的锚固基础相连，在所述系泊线上设有系泊浮筒。
本发明由于采用以上技术方案，能够取得如下的技术效果：
1)通过将大型单一模块框架结构拆分成多个养殖模块，可以实现整个养殖牧场的模块化建造、安装、运输和回收，节约了建造、运输和安装成本，还避免了单一模块在复杂海况中会受到中垂、中拱、扭转等外力联合作用而引起的巨大结构应力问题，同时便于养殖管理和维修更换。
2)本发明在筏式波浪能装置中集成PTO系统，吸收波浪能，可以有效降低模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动幅度，降低框架之间的运动响应，提高了多模块化养殖牧场的生存能力，保证框架之间在极端海况下不会因为相对运动幅度过大导致碰撞而使结构发生破坏。
3)本发明根据筏式波浪能装置的工作原理，将模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的铰接连接设计成波浪能吸收发电装置，实现深远海多模块化养殖牧场与筏式波浪能装置的天然科学集成，解决了深远海牡蛎养殖过程所需的电力匮乏问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明集成装置的主视图；
图2为本发明集成装置的俯视图；
图3为本发明集成装置的左视图；
图4为本发明集成装置的轴测图；
图5为本发明筏式波浪能装置的局部剖面图。
附图标记说明：1、模块化牡蛎养殖框架；2、筏式波浪能装置；3、系泊系统；101、横浮箱a；102、横浮箱b；103、纵浮箱a；104、纵浮箱b；105、牡蛎平台；106、滚珠丝杠；107、温度传感器；108、盐度传感器；109、吊绳；110、吊笼；201、铰链；202、液压缸；203、油箱；204、液压马达；205、三相电流发电机；206、整流电桥；207、储存装置；208、锂电池组；301、系泊线；302、系泊浮筒。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及具体实施方式，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。下面的实施例可以使本专业的技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
实施例1
如图1-3所示，本实施例提供一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，包括若干个模块化牡蛎养殖框架，相邻模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间使用筏式波浪能装置铰接；所述筏式波浪能装置发电功率大，全天不间断工作，对波频变化敏感度不高，并 在极端海况下具有较高的生存能力。采用筏式波浪能装置为养殖牧场的养殖设备、资源环境监测设备等长期稳定供电，解决了深远海牡蛎养殖的电力匮乏问题。在入射波浪作用下，模块化牡蛎养殖框架1之间产生左右上下相对运动，带动筏式波浪能装置2中的液压缸202往复运动，使油液通过液压马达204从而使发电机205工作，能量转化路径为：波浪能→机械能→液压能→电能。如图4所示，系泊系统3采用锚泊定位，可采用钢链、钢索、人工纤维系缆、重块、浮筒等部件，需根据实际的作业海况满足集成装置运动响应的约束要求。
如图3所示，模块化牡蛎养殖框架1采用钢制方形框架结构，包括浮箱和牡蛎平台105，所述浮箱是由横浮箱a101、纵浮箱a103、横浮箱b102、纵浮箱b104首尾焊接组成的，其是模块化牡蛎养殖框架的主体结构，浮箱采用空心结构，由高强度钢制成，用于为模块化牡蛎养殖框架1提供浮力。牡蛎平台105采用网状工字钢结构(成本低，易加工)，布置在养殖框架中部，采用滚珠丝杠106与浮箱连接。所述浮箱安装的电动机械装置用于驱动滚珠丝杠106，使牡蛎平台105能上下升降，让牡蛎定时接受日晒和躲避极端风浪，起到提高牡蛎品质的作用。吊绳109和/或吊笼110安装于牡蛎平台105下并沉于海中，用于附着牡蛎。养殖监测系统包括温度传感器107和盐度传感器108，安装在浮箱底部，用于监测海水温度和盐度。
如图5所示，筏式波浪能装置包括铰链201和PTO系统。铰链201用于铰接模块化牡蛎养殖框架1和PTO系统，起连接作用，保证养殖框架能在波浪的作用下与PTO系统之间产生相对运动。PTO系 统与一侧的模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动为左右平动，与另一侧的模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动为上下转动，保证相邻两个模块化养殖框架之间能同时产生左右平动和上下转动；PTO统吸收能量，降低了多模块化养殖框架的运动响应，提高了养殖牧场的可靠性和生存能力，保护结构安全。PTO系统包括液压系统和发电系统，液压系统包括液压缸202、油箱203和液压马达204，位于PTO系统两侧的液压缸与相邻的模块化牡蛎养殖框架铰接，其中一侧的液压缸上下分布，位于另一侧的液压缸左右分布。液压缸202的输出端通过管路与油箱的输入端相连接，油箱中集成有单向阀，作用是防止油液回流，油箱的输出端通过管路与液压马达204的输入端相连接，模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动带动液压缸202内的活塞往复运动，使得油液从液压缸202中被压出，经过油箱到达液压马达204，使波浪能转化为机械能，最后经过发电机205转化为电能。发电系统包括三相电流发电机205、整流电桥206、储存装置207和锂电池组208。三相电流发电机205的输入端与液压马达204的输出端连接，整流电桥206与三相电流发电机205的输出端连接，将交流电转化为直流电，由储存装置207将电能存于锂电池组208。上述的液压系统和发电系统全部安装在钢制圆筒中。
本发明在波浪荷载作用下，模块化牡蛎浮式养殖框架1会产生运动响应，养殖框架之间的相对运动恰好可以作为筏式波浪能装置2的能量输入来源，所以在各个模块化牡蛎浮式养殖框架1之间的连接单元中集成筏式波浪能装置的PTO系统，利用模块间铰接结构的运动 而推动筏式波浪能装置捕获波能发电。
本发明提出适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，利用筏式波浪能装置吸收波浪能量并控制模块化牡蛎养殖框架1的动力响应，解决深远海牡蛎养殖装置生产所需的清洁电力，这在实际工程应用中完全具备可行性。
本发明集成装置的安装方法为：模块化牡蛎养殖框架1和筏式波浪能装置2均在陆地上分别完成制作及安装，之后由船将模块化养殖框架1和筏式波浪能装置2运输到选定海域并装配完成，之后在该海域安装系泊系统3，完成多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场的系泊定位。
本发明的实施例有较佳的实施性，并非是对本发明任何形式的限定。本发明实施例中描述的技术特征或技术特征的组合不应当被认为是孤立的，它们可以被互相组合从而达到更好的技术效果。本发明优选实施方式的范围也可以包括另外的实现，且这应被发明实施例所属技术领域的技术人员所理解。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，其特征在于，包括模块化牡蛎养殖框架和筏式波浪能装置，相邻两个模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间设有筏式波浪能装置，在波浪荷载作用下，利用模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动推动筏式波浪能装置来捕获波能发电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，其特征在于，所述模块化牡蛎养殖框架包括浮箱和牡蛎平台，所述牡蛎平台通过滚珠丝杠与浮箱相连，所述浮箱中安装有电动机械装置用于驱动滚珠丝杠，使牡蛎平台上升或下降；所述牡蛎平台下连接有沉于海中的吊绳和/或吊笼，用于附着牡蛎。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，其特征在于，所述模块化牡蛎养殖框架中的养殖监测系统包括温度传感器和盐度传感器，其安装在浮箱底部，用于监测海水温度和盐度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，其特征在于，所述筏式波浪能装置包括铰链和PTO系统，所述PTO系统通过铰链与两侧的模块化牡蛎养殖框架相连，使模块化牡蛎养殖框架在波浪的作用下与PTO系统之间产生相对运动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，其特征在于，所述PTO系统与一侧的模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动为左右平动，与另一侧的模块化牡蛎养 殖框架之间的相对运动为上下转动，保证相邻两个模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间能同时产生左右平动和上下转动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，其特征在于，所述PTO系统包括液压系统，所述液压系统包括液压缸、油箱和液压马达，位于PTO系统两侧的液压缸与相邻的模块化牡蛎养殖框架铰接，所述液压缸的输出端与油箱的输入端相连接，该油箱的输出端与液压马达的输入端相连接；所述模块化牡蛎养殖框架之间的相对运动带动液压缸内的活塞往复运动，使得油液从液压缸中被压出，经过油箱到达液压马达，使波浪能转化为机械能，最后经过发电机转化为电能。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，其特征在于，所述PTO系统包括发电系统，所述发电系统包括三相电流发电机、整流电桥、储存装置和锂电池组，所述三相电流发电机的输入端与液压马达的输出端连接，整流电桥与三相电流发电机的输出端连接，将交流电转化为直流电，由储存装置将电能存于锂电池组。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，其特征在于，所述液压系统和发电系统均安装在钢制圆筒中。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，其特征在于，位于两端的模块化牡蛎养殖框架通过系泊系统在固定海域作业。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述一种适用于深远海的多模块化牡蛎养殖牧场和筏式波浪能集成装置，其特征在于，所述系泊系统包括系泊线和系泊浮筒，模块化牡蛎养殖框架通过两侧的系泊线与位于海底的锚固基础相连，在所述系泊线上设有系泊浮筒。
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JPH11324886A (ja) * 1998-05-06 1999-11-26 Taiyo Plant Kk 波を利用した海水等の汲上装置
CN105020087A (zh) * 2015-08-14 2015-11-04 哈尔滨工程大学 筏式磁流体波浪能发电装置
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