WO2022245302A1

WO2022245302A1 - Lighting method for indoor cultivation

Info

Publication number: WO2022245302A1
Application number: PCT/TH2022/000014
Authority: WO
Inventors: Mankaew MUANCHART
Original assignee: Muanchart Mankaew
Priority date: 2021-05-19
Filing date: 2022-04-01
Publication date: 2022-11-24

Abstract

According to aspect of the present invention there is provided the lighting method. The purpose of the present invention, that is, to create a system and devices for lighting plant for indoor cultivation that can be combined with natural light in a greenhouse and synthetic light from the lamps in the house that use synthetic light. By the principle of the fiber optic to diffuse light in various greenhouses. To create a lighting system and devices are suitable for method that the plant grows fully by mixing photosynthetic light.

Description

LIGHTING METHOD FOR INDOOR CULTIVATION Technical field

The present invention relates to agriculture and engineering, devices and method, in particular the lighting method for indoor cultivation.

Background

Cultivation can be categorized into two types according to the plant lighting method, which are outdoor cultivation and indoor cultivation. The two types of cultivation have different lighting method. Outdoor cultivation receives direct sunlight. And plant can use the photosynthetic light from the lamp to accelerate the growth in some periods of cultivation, such as the acceleration of flowering, etc. In the indoor cultivation are differences. Indoor cultivation can be categorized according to the type of greenhouse and indoor farming.

Greenhouse is a plant cultivation such that uses glass material to be installed on the roof or wall to maintain the internal temperature while being able to receive light from the sun. Indoor farmhouses have opaque walls and roofs and use light from lamps instead of the sun. There are two sources of light for plant: the sun light and photosynthetic light. The photosynthetic light used in cultivation is a LED (Light emitting diode). At present, no other types of synthetic light have been found to be used in cultivation.

Light is important for plant growth. Therefore, plant growth has been promoted by using various methods of artificial light and sun light. By studying the relationship between plant pigment and light absorption, it was found that each plant pigment absorbs light at specific wavelengths. And the area of maximum absorption for each pigment is narrow. There are selected and generated light wavelengths that allow plant to grow better.

From the study of the wavelength or light absorption spectrum of plant chlorophyll, the highest absorption wavelength range is about 410-490 nm. That is blue light. The wavelength range is about 590-650 nm. That is red light. The relatively small portion of light in the 500-570 nm wavelength range is green light. The light in the above three wavelengths is absorbed by chlorophyll, which is found in the green parts of plant. Therefore, the synthetic light provided for plant growth is designed to illuminate in the blue and red light regions corresponding to the light absorption spectrum of the plant. Light in the green-centered wavelengths is often absent to traditional grow light emissions. Most of the light-absorbing spectrum of plant is also within the spectral sensitivity for human vision, or so-called the visible light. The visible light refers to light with a wavelength of approximately 400 to 700 nanometers (nm).

The light is used for indoor cultivation and other applications in both industrial and household levels. Typically used for electric lamps, such as fluorescent lamps (Fluorescent tube), high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS / SON), etc. Although these lights are effective for growing plant. But there are drawbacks: insufficient light for growth and the wavelength of light produced by these lamp-based lighting systems does not contribute to the efficient growth of plant. It also emits too much heat, which can cause the plant to dehydrate more and to increase the amount of water to provide adequate plant growth.

Light emitting diode (LED) lamps are used for lighting plant. The highlight is that light emitting diode (LED) lamps are more efficient than conventional lamps in energy conversion. This makes the plant grow better than the above two types of lamps. In addition, light emitting diode (LED) lamps can use specific wavelengths be required for plant growth. For example, blue light can be used to promote the leaf plant growth, and red light can be used to promote the flowering plant growth. Light emitting diode (LED) lamps can also operate at lower temperatures than other lamps.

Light emitting diode (LED) lamps were developed into organic light emitting diode and inorganic light emitting diode. The organic light emitting diode is a conduction of organic matter that glows spontaneously when given electrical energy into the light-emitting diode. It is characterized by saving resources and light weight. The non-organic light emitting diode is a light lamp in the original form of a light emitting diode that use substances or compounds.

There is also another type of light lamp. Polymer light emitting diode (PLED) is a combination of polymer and light emitting diode, by using a polymer as a light diffuser from a light-emitting diode lamp. The highlight is to increase the light distribution and save electricity resources

US20200404856 A1 reveal by James Jeffrey Hanson. That discusses illuminating plant using a light emitting diode (LED) artificial light source on the top of the plant. The separation of the light point can control the wavelength range of light.

EP2785171 B1 of Fredric Maxik, Robert Soler, David Bartine, Eliza grove, Nee. Neil yorio, Anthony Crawford discusses the process and operation of plant lighting devices. A system for providing the right light wavelength to plant and the right ratio of different colors of light suitable for plant growth by bringing more than 2 light emitting diodes (LEDs) to mix light and light wavelengths closely the sun in a closed system

US10201132 B2 of James G. Wilson discuss the light intensity and the relationship between light duration for plant. The difference in light wavelength is suitable for plant in various growth periods of plant by using a light emitting diode (LED) in a closed system.

A lot of effort being made to use photosynthesis to grow plant. Because they can't control the natural light. Whether it's the lighting time or the lighting position. However, the use of photosynthetic light is cost-constrained that make it unsuitable for industrial.

A device that could direct light and the ability to control the light in the desired direction is. fiber optics. There are small fibers made from glass and covered with fibers that are shockproof and insulated. Fiber optic act as light conductors. The microfibers produced from glass. The part that the light travels through is called the core and the part that covers the fibers to prevent shock and insulation is called clad. Core and clad are non-conductive substances. The correlation is that the clad refractive index is less than the core refractive index, then the total reflectivity of the light is applied. Reflections are transmitted from one end to the other at nearly the speed of light. At present, fiber optic is applied to the telecommunication industry. At the same time, fiber optics are not suitable for lighting because they are small. Not suitable for industrial systems

The problem of plant cultivation is insufficient light for cultivation. A variety of solutions have been proposed. Especially the introduction of artificial light for indoor cultivation, this solution has brought a new problem, namely the control of production costs at the industrial. The use of artificial lighting makes agriculture use more electricity. At present, the principle of fiber optic for lighting is not found therefore need to develop further.

Summary of Invention

According to the present invention there is provided the light method and its devices for indoor cultivation comprises the greenhouse (2) and the lighting device (8) to maintain the illumines flux by the refraction and the total reflection. Using the fluorescent organisms and the fluorescent non -organisms for the illumination, decrease the resources such as the electricity. Furthermore, the devices can bring the outdoor sound to the indoor for the most likely environment. Brief description of the drawings

An embodiment, incorporating all aspects of the invention, will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawing in which,

Figure lis the illumination of an external light source. Figure 2 is the illumination of an internal light source.

Figure 3 is the illumination of external and internal light sources.

Figure 4 is the optical device image.

Figure 5 is the components of the light diffuser.

Figure 6 is the cross-sectional view of a light diffuser, type 1. Figure 7 is the cross-sectional view of a light diffuser, type 2.

Figure 8 is the illumination of external and internal light sources and diffusion point.

Detailed description

The definition of a greenhouse according to this invention means a building consisting of four side walls, an upper wall or a roof. There are 2 types of bottom walls or floors: 1. Leave the floor bare 2. Build the floor with solid materials attached to the 4 side walls.

The definition of the external light source according to this invention refers to the light source outside the greenhouse, such as natural light sources such as the sun, moon, etc., or synthetic light sources such as large bulbs, etc.

The definition of the internal light sources according to this invention refer to synthetic light sources such as light emitting diode (LED), fluorescent tubes, and high-pressure sodium lamps (HPS / SON), etc.

The method of illuminate indoor cultivation with an external light source show in figure 1. That describes the elements as follows: greenhouse (2) consists of 4 side walls, lower wall and upper wall (3). The lower wall or floor can leave the ground bare, or construct of solid material attached to the 4 side walls. The upper wall (3) is made up of opaque and translucent materials with durability and translucent for the light. The suitable translucent material is plastic type such as polycarbonate, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, etc. These materials are durable, lightweight, easy to maintain and good ventilation inside the greenhouse (2). The upper wall can also be assembled from solid material with durability that weave or paste into a mesh style. Glass material can be done as well.

Figure 1 illustrates the method of indoor cultivation lighting: In indoor cultivation, the plant (4) placed inside the greenhouse (2). The light from an external source (1) is lit, then the light travels through the upper wall (3) the presence of light refraction and spread to the area inside the greenhouse (2) and make the plant (4) receive light and grow.

The method of illuminate indoor cultivation with an internal light source show in Figure 2. That describes the elements as follows: The greenhouse (2) consists of 4 side walls, the lower wall and the upper wall (6). The upper wall (6) is made of opaque material. The suitable materials are solid materials that are durable and strong and not rust. The lower walls or floors can leave the ground bare, or construct of solid material attached to the 4 side walls. The greenhouse (2) installs an internal light source (5) at the top or side of the plant (4). The suitable internal light source (5) is light emitting diode (LED) lamp. The most suitable internal light source (5) is an inorganic light emitting diode, a polymer light-emitting diode. Polymer light emitting diode (PLED) and light emitting diode for plant growth (Grow light emitting diode) because it has good light dispersion and can adjust the light spectrum close to the sun.

Figure 2 illustrates the method of indoor cultivation lighting as follows: Indoor cultivation, the plant (4) placed inside the greenhouse (2). The light from the indoor light source (5) is lit, then the light is in the area that located inside the greenhouse with upper wall and the 4 side walls. That act to prevent external light from entering the house and the light from the inside does not go out of the greenhouse. That cause the plant (4) to receive light and grow.

The greenhouse (2) is a structure that consist of 4 side walls, the upper wall that drilled in at least one channel. That can allow pipes to pass through. And the lower wall is constructed of solid material attached to the 4 side walls.

Lighting device (8) is responsible for generating light sources from both outside and inside the greenhouse and diffuse light into the house. There is a special feature. It is a device that consists of external and internal light source (9) and diffusers (10) that receive natural and synthetic light at the same time. The lighting device (8) looks like a long pipe next to each other. At one end of the long pipe contains an anti -reflective component. The other end attach to the radiating apparatus resembles a plane, or dish. That work as a semi-external and internal light source. The semi external and internal light source (9), which is mounted on the upper wall. The semi-external and internal light sources (9) face the outside of the greenhouse and insert the diffuser (10) in the hole cut in the wall above. The diffuser (10) will hang down inside the greenhouse.

The method of illuminate indoor cultivation with external and internal light sources show in figure 3. That describe the components as follows: The greenhouse (2) consists of 4 side walls, the upper wall (7) that drilled at least 1 channel. The lower wall is constructed of solid material attached to the 4 side walls. At the hole in the upper wall install the lighting device (8), which a long pipe passes through the other end that looks like a plane. That turn to the outside and attached to the upper wall. Let the remaining long pipes hang down inside the greenhouse (2). At the upper or side walls of the greenhouse (2) has an internal light source (5) that light the greenhouse (2).

The upper wall (7) differs from the upper wall (3) of figure 1 and the upper wall (6) of figure 2. There is no translucent part like the upper wall (3), and a gap is penetrated different from the wall above (6). The suitable material of the upper wall (7) is durability, good weight bearing and the strong structure of the upper wall.

Inside the greenhouse (2) install an internal light source (5) at the top or side of the plant (4). An appropriate internal light source (5) is light emitting diode (LED) lamp. The most suitable internal light source (5) is an inorganic light emitting diode, a polymer light-emitting diode, polymer light emitting diode (PLED) and grow light emitting diode.

Figure 3 explains the method of illuminate indoor cultivation lighting: Indoor cultivation is the system that plant (4) are placed inside the greenhouse (2). When light from an external source (1) is lit, the light travels to the optical device (8). The optical device (8) collects the external light from the external source (1) and the internal light source. Inside the optical device (8), the light is reflected inside the optical device (8) into the diffuser (10) in the form of a long pipe suspended inside the greenhouse (2). The light is added to the internal light source (5) hit the plant (4) inside the greenhouse (2).

The diffusion of light from the optical device (8) is operated by the surface of the inner core having a higher refractive index than the surface of the outer pipe. Light is refracted through the material at the outer surface area then it disperses into the air layer inside the greenhouse (2). Because the house according to the invention is a greenhouse for indoor cultivation. Therefore, the humidity value was controlled. Water droplets aerosols were found in the air. The light emitted by the optical device (8) hits the surface of these mediums that cause in better light distribution. Therefore, the luminance value in the green house (2) is greater than 0.

When the house has an internal illuminance greater than 0, the internal light source (5) will be used illuminance reduced with the same light-receiving area, that cause a decrease in the luminous flux. When the light power decreases, it will adjust the internal light source (5), which is synthetic light and uses electricity. It will be adjusted and reduced to use less electricity without affecting plant (4).

From the study of fiber optic tubes, fiber optic tubes consist of one or more fibers optic contained within it. Fiber optic wrappers have a reinforcing structure such as aramid yams or epoxy rods as fiber reinforced composites to reinforce optical cables for use in communication systems. Fiber optics are reflected in the tube from one end to the other. That will depend on the intensity of the light which is a reflection between glass core in the center and glass fiber wrapped.

The fiber optic tube material, especially the wrapping material, is not suitable for lighting because the principle of reflection.

Figure 4 shows an optical device (8) that generates a light source from outside the greenhouse (2) and diffuses it into the greenhouse (2). It is a device that consists of semi-external and internal light sources (9) and diffusers (10) with adjacent long pipe. At one end of the long pipe contains an anti-reflective component (11), acting to prevent reflection at the end of the long pipe. That holds components inside the long pipe together and supply power to the light bulbs inside. The other end of the long pipe is attached to a plane-like radiating device, or dish, acting as a semi-extemal and internal light source (9), which is mounted on the upper wall (7). The external and internal semi-extemal light sources (9) face the outside of the greenhouse (2) to receive external light and inserting a long pipe (10) through the holes cut in the upper wall (7). The diffuser (10) will hang down and inside the greenhouse (2).

Figure 5 shows the diffuser (10), described as follows. The diffuser (10) consists of two hollow tubes of different diameters. A hollow tube of smaller diameter known as a tube core (13) that is responsible for containing the auxiliary light source (14) with pigment (15) spaced apart. The tube core (13) protects the auxiliary light source (14) and protection against electric current and diffuse the light from the pigment (15) outside the tube core (13).

A hollow tube with a larger diameter is called an optical tube that consist of a tube surface (12) and a tube core (13). The cavity between the tube surface (12) and tube core (13) contains a liquid or tube. The tube surface (12) protects against liquids or inlet pipes and its diffuse light from pigment (15). The refraction from the light of semi-external and internal light sources (9) offset from above. Then the tube surface will diffuse the light to the outside of the optical device (8).

The cavity between the tube surface (12) and the tube core (13) contains a liquid or a liquid tube. As can be seen in Figure 6 and 7, the cases are divided as follows:

Figure 6 shows the case of the cavities between the tube surface (12) and the tube core (13) that contain the liquid by showing the cross section of the diffuser (10) as follows: The diffuser (10) consists of the tube surface (12) and the tube core (13). Auxiliary light source (14) is a hollow cylindrical cavity between the tube surface (12) and the tube core (13) that looks like a hollow cylinder liquid containment area (16).

The operation of figure 6 can be described as follows: Inside the optical device (8) there is an auxiliary light source (14) and external light exposure at the semi-external and internal light source area (9). Two will have different wavelengths. Light coming from semi-external and internal light sources (9) travels through the liquid medium. The light is refracted and scattered to the junction of the diffuser (10). When the incident light hits the tube core (13), the light continues to reflect through the liquid in the liquid filling area (16). Since the refractive index at the tube core (13) is higher, the light passes through the liquid medium to the tube surface (12). Inside the tube, the tube surface (12) is made of glass material which is denser than liquid. The reflected light passes through the liquid medium to the tube core (13) and because the tube core (13) is made of solid with a higher density and a higher refraction index. The light will be completely reflected. The direction of the light is reflected has a very wide angle. That cause the passage of light in the direction from top to bottom. The light continues to reflect repeatedly until it travels to the bottom of the diffuser (10) that containing the anti-reflective component (11), thereby stopping the refraction.

The light inside the diffuser (10) comes from two internal sources, the semi-external and internal light sources (9) and the auxiliary light source (14). Brightness is described as follows. The light come from an auxiliary light source (14) is either heated or unheated. It depends on the material used to make the pigment (15). That will cause the liquid to emit light. The emitted light is red, yellow, white, respectively. If the pigment (15) gives off no heat, two types of fluorescence will occur phosphorescence and fluorescence. Fluorescence depends on the type of liquid chosen to contain in the liquid region (16). Light come from internal and external semi light sources (9) travels in the liquid by refraction. The liquid then absorbs the light and emits it with a higher spectrum. Although the light inside the diffuser (10) has both internal light sources. But when light travels through a liquid, the liquid will absorb light illumination and fluorescence. The Luminous density within the diffuser (10) has no effect on plant growth. But it effects on the visibility of farmers who enter the greenhouses. A white house wall will make the house brighter than a solid wall. A house with a large upper wall height is insufficient illumination from a diffuser (14). Added optical device (8) at the side wall area and adding materials to increase the light distribution at the bottom wall. The light intensity affects plant growth. Because the photosynthesis depends on the intensity of light and temperature. If the light intensity is low, the plant will have less photosynthesis. If the light intensity is higher, the plant will have more photosynthesis. But if there is too much light intensity, the plant's rate of photosynthesis decreases. In addition, there is a light intensity that is suitable for plant growth. But if the temperature exceeds 40 degrees Celsius, the plant's rate of photosynthesis immediately decreases. Therefore, indoor cultivation according to this invention. A metering device can be added in the case of multiple indoor lighting fixtures or have more than one optical device (8).

Light diffusion is caused by white light pass through a type of medium and scatter light with different wavelengths or spectra. Light distribution affects plant growth. Because each plant requires different wavelengths of light that depend on the type of plant growth stage.

Figure 7 shows the case of the cavities between the tube surface (12) and the tube core

(13) that contain the liquid tube (17) by showing the cross section of the diffuser (10) as follows: The diffuser (10) consists of the tube surface ( 12) and tube core (13) and auxiliary light source

(14) cavities between the tube surface (12) and tube core (13) and hollow cylinder containing sub-tubes (17) cylindrical or linear, of small size where sub-pipe (17) has more than 1 pipe; sub- pipe (17) has 2 types to choose from solid pipes and hollow tubes that contain fluorescent substances or compounds.

The operation of figure 7 can be described as follows: Inside the optical device (8) there is an auxiliary light source (14) and external light source exposure at the semi-external and internal light source area (9). Two will have different wavelengths. Light come from semi external and internal light sources (9) travels through the liquid medium. The light is refracted and scattered all the way to the junction of the diffuser (10). When the incident light hits the tube core (13), the light will continue to be refracted and passed through the liquid filling area (16) that comprise the sub-ducts (17) and the air space between the sub-tubes (17) which can be divided into 2 cases as follows:

Case 1, when the refracted light from the tube core (13) passes through the air, the light is refracted higher. That cause a downward direction. The light hits the first sub-tube (17) or the tube surface (12) that is denser than air. Thus, the light hits and refracts. There is an oblique direction down and towards the tube core (13). Until the light reaches the bottom of the diffuser (10) that contain the anti-reflective component (11), the reflection is stopped.

Case 2 When the incident light refracts the tube core (13) through the sub-tube (17), the sub-tube contains a fluorescent liquid and acts as the medium. In addition, the core surface of core tube (13) and the sub-tube (17) are solid materials with similar density. The light then passes through the sub-tube surface (17) to the liquid inside the sub-tube (17) diagonally downward and through to the other side of the sub-tube (17) and out of the sub-tube (17) near the surface of the tube (12).

Then the refraction of light has a chance to occur in 2 more cases: refraction through air and deflected through other sub-tubes (17). This phenomenon repeats itself repeatedly. Until the refracted light reaches the tube surface (12), the tube surface (12) is completely reflected. The light travel through the above process repeatedly until the tube core (13), this phenomenon is continually occurring. Until the light reaches the bottom of the diffuser (10) that contain the anti- reflective component (11), the reflection is stopped.

Fluids contained in optical diffusers (10), both with sub-tubes (17) and without sub-tubes (17), are characterized by good absorption, fluorescence, and good conductivity in wavelengths or spectra in the 400-700 nm. The liquid can be selected from organic and inorganic substances Also, liquids should be mixed with radioactive substances to extend the lifespan of illumination. The radiated substance gives a wavelength in the range of 580- 590 nm. suitable for some plant.

In addition, the sub-tube (17) contains solid-state fluorescent agents with the ability to absorb light, fluorescence. It is a medium that conducts light well in wavelengths or spectra in the range of 400-700 nm. Solids can be selected from organic and inorganic substances as well as being able to mix radiative substances

The following table shows the phosphor. The glowing creatures or fluorescent compounds classified by type of fluorescence as follows:

To select the right fluorescent compound will be determined by the type of fluorescence that occurs according to the invention, including bioluminescence, cathodoluminescence, chemiluminescence, electroluminescence, photoluminescence, light from radiation and sound process (Sonoluminescence) fluorescent substances fluorescent organisms and suitable fluorescent compounds such as luciferin, fluorescent plankton (Biolumiscent plankton), fluorescent algae (Noctiluca scintillans), Zn2Si04-Mn, cathode ray tube (CRT), phosphorus- containing compounds. Zn-(S-Se)-Cu, ZnS, Mn in combination with yellow-orange emissions, ZnS-Ag and zinc sulfate (Zinc sulfide).

From the research found that reflection between the center glass core and the fiber wrapped caused by the refractive index of the glass core is higher than the refractive index of the glass fiber wrapped in the glass fiber tube. From the study of the speed of sound, it was found that glass is a material that conducts the speed of sound 5300 meters per second. Therefore, the fiber optic tubes are suitable for communication in addition to transmitting light but still transmits sound better than other materials. The study found that plant react to sounds, for example, playing classical music to plant will help them grow well. Playing pop music (POP) in the salad seedling room make the stems of the seedlings seize faster, etc. From an experimental study of patent number 1601003575, Mankaew Muanchart, Kingdom of Thailand, it was found that local plant grows well from the original environment. When moving plant to a new planting site with controlling temperature, light, humidity, fertilizer, wind speed, into a closed system. There has been a change from the patent, that is to change from the cultivation with aerosol. That is cultivated with soil still can't make plant grow like they were in the old environment. From the experiment, it was found that the factors affecting plant came from seeds and environmental noise. Especially when a closed system to cultivate seedlings and transplanting seedlings into internal demonstration plots in the same area. Therefore, the introduction of external noise into the internal closed system affects plant growth.

Therefore, optical device (8) is not only produced optical effects but also gives a sonic effect that affects plant growth at the same time. Consider the speed of sound, the sound from outside the greenhouse (2) have the sound wave vibration coming from the optical device (8), where the semi external and internal light source (9) will be the medium that transmits the sound energy. Through the surface of the semi external and internal light source (9) and the liquid inside the semi external and internal light source (9), because the two mediums are in different states, reflections and interference so that sound travels from both the semi external and internal light source (9) down to the diffuser (10).

Optical devices (8) that consist of semi-external and internal light sources (9) and diffusers (10) have the following suitable characteristics:

1. An auxiliary light source (14), which is a component of a diffuser (10) that select an appropriate light-emitting diode, light emitting diode strip, from the non-automatic light emitting diode. Inorganic, light emitting diode strip Inorganic light emitting diode strip (PLED) and light emitting diode for plant growth (Grow light emitting diode).

2. Semi-external and internal light sources (9) radiate sideways in the same plane as the upper wall of the greenhouse (2) or close to the plane. The suitable materials are glass, acrylic, translucent materials, etc. The most suitable material is glass because in addition to absorbing light well. But it can also bring the speed of sound waves in the range of 5000-6000 meters per second.

3. The suitable pigment (15) is pigment with wavelength or spectrum in the 380-700 nm range. Pigments with a wavelength or spectrum in the range of 380-410 nm make the pink light. A pigment with a wavelength or spectrum in the 410-490 nm makes the blue light. A pigment with a wavelength or spectrum in the range of 500-570 nm make the green light. A pigment with a wavelength or spectrum in the 590-700 nm range make the red light.

4. The refractive index between the tube core (13) and the tube surface (12) is different. And the optimum difference is in the range of 0.1 - 3.5. The optimum difference is in the range of 0.2- 3.3.

5. Anti -reflective components (11) are made of solid material with a higher density than the diffuser (10), thus having all reflective properties and the inside contains a battery to supply electricity to an auxiliary light source. (14) The exterior is insulated with material and strengthen suitable materials include aramid yam or epoxy rod is a composite material. Figure 8 show an indoor cultivation with additional diffusion points. The greenhouse (2) is characterized as a structure that consisting of four side walls, the upper wall (7) drilled into at least 1 hole. And the lower wall is constructed of solid material attached to the 4 side walls. At the cutout of the upper wall is an optical device (8), through which a long tube-shaped diffuser (10) is emitted. The other end is attached to a semi-external and internal light source (9) with a plane-like radiance. That turn to the outside and attached to the upper wall. The other end of the diffuser (10) passes through the driller. That is suspended inside the greenhouse (2). At least one side wall is attached to the diffuser (18) that made of fluorescent compound or lamp mounting. Light emitting diode (LED) is inside one or both. The bottom wall with diffuser (19) is made of fluorescent compound.

Figure 8 show the method of provide indoor cultivation lighting: Indoor cultivation is where plant (4) is placed inside the greenhouse (2). When light from an external source (1) is lit, the light travels. The light come to the optical device (8), the optical device (8) collects the light from the external light coming from the external source (1) and the internal light of the device light source inside. Then the light is reflected inside the optical device. (8) that down into the long tubes of optical devices suspended within the greenhouse (2). The light is incident at the diffusion (18) and the diffusion point (19). The light is refracted and diffused inside the greenhouse (2). That allows the light that falls on the plant (4) inside the greenhouse (2) to be illuminated from the top, bottom, and sides, creating fewer shadows. That have better photosynthetic ability. Figure 8 show the method of provide indoor cultivation lighting: Indoor cultivation is where plant (4) is placed inside the greenhouse (2). When light from an external source (1) is lit, the light travels. The light come to the optical device (8), the optical device (8) collects the light from the external light coming from the external source (1) and the internal light of the device light source inside. Then the light is reflected inside the optical device. (8) down into the long tubes of optical devices suspended within the house (2). The light is incident at the diffusion (18) and the diffusion point (19). The light is refracted and diffused inside the greenhouse (2). That allows the light that falls on the plant (4) inside the greenhouse (2) to be illuminated from the top, bottom, and sides, creating fewer shadows.

Claims

1. Lighting method for indoor cultivation, the process comprising: a greenhouse (2) is a structure consisting of 4 side walls, the upper wall, drilled in at least one channel, that able to allow pipes to pass through and the lower wall is constructed of solid material attached to the 4 side walls ; a optical devices (8) are responsible for generating light sources from both outside and inside the house and diffuse light into the house and there is a special feature that device consists of a semi-external and internal light sources (9) and a diffusers (10) that receive natural and synthetic light at the same time.

2. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 1, wherein the optical device (8) comprising the semi-external and internal light source (9) and the diffuser (10) that connected like a long tube, at one end of the long tube contains an anti-reflective component and the other end attached to the radiating apparatus resembles a plane, or dish, acting as a semi external and internal light source, the semi-external and internal light source (9) which is mounted on the upper wall by bringing the semi-external and internal light sources (9) face outside the greenhouse and insert a long tube of diffuser (10) through the hole and the diffuser (10) will be suspended inside the greenhouse.

3 . Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 1-2, wherein the diffuser (10) comprising two hollow tubes of different diameters, a hollow tube of smaller diameter known as a tube core (13) is responsible for containing an auxiliary light source (14) with a pigment (15) and the tube core (13) protects the auxiliary light source (14) against electric current and diffuses the light from the pigment (15) outside the tube core (13), at one end of the long tube contains an anti -reflective component (11) that prevent reflection at the end of the long tube and supply power to the light bulbs inside a hollow tube with a larger diameter is called an optical tube.

4. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 3, wherein an optical tube comprising a tube surface (12), a cavity between the tube surface (12) and a tube core (13) contains liquids or tubes.

5. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 3, wherein the core tube (13) of a hollow cylindrical shape that a sub-tube (17) is a long cylindrical or small line where the number of the sub-tubes (17) contains more than one tube.

6. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 5, wherein the sub-pipe (17) has 2 solid and hollow tubes that contain fluorescent substances or compounds.

7. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 1, wherein the greenhouse (2) installs an internal light source (5) at the top or side of the plant (4).

8. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 7, wherein the suitable internal light sources (5) are light emitting diode (LED).

9. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 1-7, wherein the lighting method is described as follows, indoor cultivation is where the plants (4) are placed inside the greenhouse (2) then the light from an external source (1) is lit, the light arrives at the optical device (8) , the optical device (8) is collected the light from the external light source (1) and the internal light, inside the optical device (8) the light is reflected inside the optical device (8) into the diffuser (10) in the form of a long tube inside the greenhouse (2) such light is combined with the light of the internal light source (5) then it hit the plant (4) inside the greenhouse (2).

10. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 1-8, wherein the diffuser (18) is attached and made of fluorescent material or equipped with a light emitting diode (LED).

11. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 1-8, wherein the wall below the diffusion (19) is made of fluorescent compound material.

12. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 1-8 and 10-11, the lighting method is described as follows, indoor cultivation is where the plant (4) are placed inside the greenhouse (2) and the light from an external source (1) is lit, the light arrives at the optical light (8) then the light device (8) is collected the light from the external light comes from the external light source (1) and the internal light of the device light source inside and then the light is reflected inside the optical device (8) into the long tube of the internal optical device in the greenhouse (2) and then the light is incident at the diffuser (18) and the diffuser (19) and the light is refracted and scattered inside the greenhouse (2) that cause the incident light to fall on the plants (4) inside the greenhouse (2) and the plant is lit from the top, bottom, and sides to produce less shadows.

13. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 1-2, wherein the description of the operation of the optical device (8), the interior of the optical device (8) has an auxiliary light source (14) and exposure from an external light source at the light source area of semi-external and internal (9) and the light from the two light sources has different wavelengths and the light come from semi-external and internal light sources (9) travels through the liquid medium and then the light is refracted and scattered to the junction of the diffuser (10) and when the incident light hits the tube core (13), the light will continue to reflect through the liquid in the liquid filling area (16) and if the refractive index at the tube core (13) is higher, the light passes through the liquid medium to the tube surface (12) that made from glass material which is denser than liquid and total reflection occurs and the reflected light pass through the liquid medium again to the tube core (13) and because the tube core (13) is made of solid with a higher density and a higher index of refraction then the light will be completely reflected back and the direction of the light is reflected a very wide angle that cause the passage of light in the direction from top to bottom and the light continue to reflect over and over again until it travels to the bottom of the diffuser (10) that contain the anti-reflective component (11), thereby stopping the refraction.

14. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 1-2 and 13, wherein the semi-external and internal light sources (9) are radiated laterally in the same plane as the upper wall of the greenhouse (2) and the property of bringing the speed of sound waves.

15. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 14, wherein the semi external and internal light sources (9) are made of suitable materials, such as glass, acrylic, translucent materials.

16. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 14, wherein the material has velocity of sound waves in the range of 5000-6000 meters per second.

17. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 3, wherein the suitable pigments (15) are pigments that provide a wavelength or spectrum in the 380-700 nm range.

18. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 3 and 13, wherein the refractive index between the tube core (13) and the tube surface (12) is different and the appropriate difference is in the range of 0.1 - 3.5.

19. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 3, wherein the anti- reflective component (11) is made of a solid material with a higher density than the density within the diffuser (10), all reflectivity is achieved, and the battery install inside.

20. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 3 and 19, wherein the anti- reflective component (11) is externally insulated with insulating material and the suitable materials can be selected from aramid yarn or epoxy rod.

21. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 3, wherein the liquid inside the diffuser (10) is a phosphor, fluorescent organisms and fluorescent compounds.

22. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 21, wherein the bioluminescent organisms are selected from fluorescent plankton (biolumiscent plankton) or fluorescent algae (Noctiluca scintillans).

23. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 21, wherein the fluorescent agents and fluorescent compounds are selected from luciferin, fluorescent plankton (biolumiscent plankton), fluorescent algae (Noctiluca scintillans), Zn2Si04-Mn, cathode ray tube (CRT), phosphorus-containing compounds. Zn-(S-Se)-Cu, ZnS, Mn in combination with yellow-orange emissions, ZnS-Ag and zinc sulfate (Zinc sulfide).

24. The process and equipment in accordance with claim 3, wherein the liquid within the diffusion (10) undergoes a fluorescence process and select from bioluminescence (bioluminescence), cathodoluminescence(cathodoluminescence), chemical processes (chemiluminescence), electrical processes (electroluminescence), optical processes (photoluminescence), light from radiation and sound process (sonoluminescence).

25. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 4-6, wherein the liquid filling area (16) contains the sub-ducts (17) and the space between the sub-ducts (17) is air.

26. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 4-6 and 25, wherein the description of the passage of light in the liquid filling region (16) comprising the sub-tubes (17) and the sub-tube (17) space as follows: when the light is refracted in the tubes core (13) , the light is refracted higher that cause a distance and a downward direction and the light travels until it hits the first sub-tube (17) or the tube surface (12), which is denser than air that cause the light to hit and refract and then there is an oblique direction down and towards the tube core (13), the phenomenon is continuous until the light reaches the bottom of the diffuser (10) that contain the anti -reflective component (11), the reflection is stopped.

27. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 4-6 and 25, wherein the description of the passage of light in the liquid-filling region (16) comprising the sub-tube (17) and the air-space between the sub-tube (17) as follows: when the light is refracted in the tubes core (13) through the sub-pipe (17) within the sub-pipe there is a fluorescent liquid and in the medium, in addition to the surface of the tube core (13) and the sub-tube (17) are solid materials with similar density and the light passes through the sub-tube surface (17) to the liquid inside the sub-tube (17) then the light is refracted diagonally downward and through to the other side of the sub-tube (17) and out of the sub-tube (17) near the surface of the tube (12).

28. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 1-2 and 5, wherein the liquids contained in a diffuser (10) are characterized as absorbing, fluorescent, and highly conductive in wavelengths or spectra in the 400-700 nm range.

29. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 28, wherein the liquids should be mixed with radiative substances to extend the lifespan of illumination and the radiated substance gives a wavelength in the range of 580- 590 nm.

30. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 4, wherein the pipe surface

(12) protects against liquids and diffuse light from pigment (15) that refract from the light of the semi-external and internal light sources (9) offset from above and then the tube surface will diffuse the light to the outside of the optical device (8).

31. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 4-6 and 27, wherein the sub-tubes (17) contain solid-state fluorescent agents that could absorb light, fluorescent, as a medium to conduct light well in wavelengths or spectrum in the range of 400-700 nm.

32. Lighting method for indoor cultivation in accordance with claim 31, wherein the solid can be selected from organic and inorganic substances including able to mix radiate substances.