WO2022242049A1 - 一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置和方法 - Google Patents

一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置和方法 Download PDF

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WO2022242049A1
WO2022242049A1 PCT/CN2021/128872 CN2021128872W WO2022242049A1 WO 2022242049 A1 WO2022242049 A1 WO 2022242049A1 CN 2021128872 W CN2021128872 W CN 2021128872W WO 2022242049 A1 WO2022242049 A1 WO 2022242049A1
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Prior art keywords
silicon carbide
carbide ceramic
water
backwashable
filter device
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PCT/CN2021/128872
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张平允
顾玉亮
乐勤
姜蕾
王铮
徐鸿凯
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上海城市水资源开发利用国家工程中心有限公司
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Publication of WO2022242049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022242049A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
    • B01D2321/162—Use of acids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
    • B01D2321/164—Use of bases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
    • B01D2321/168—Use of other chemical agents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of nanofiltration membrane pretreatment, in particular to a novel lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwashable precision filtration device and method.
  • nanofiltration membranes can completely remove macromolecular harmful organic substances, while selectively removing redundant inorganic substances, with a rejection rate of 40% for monovalent ions and over 90% for divalent ions, and can Selectively cut off neutral solutes with a molecular weight of 200-1000Da. Therefore, nanofiltration membranes have unique advantages in the classification of low-molecular organic matter, water softening, and desalination.
  • nanofiltration membranes are easily polluted in the promotion and application of advanced drinking water treatment, and the pollution control of nanofiltration membranes mainly starts from three aspects: 1. Select pollution-resistant NF membranes; 2. Effective pretreatment of NF membrane influent water; 3. Physical & chemical cleaning of polluted NF membranes; the three aspects of NF membrane pollution control complement each other: the selection of pollution-resistant nanofiltration membranes is the core (internal cause) of pollution control, which can improve the anti-pollution performance of nanofiltration membranes from the source; Effective pretreatment of membrane feedwater can effectively alleviate the problems of decreased flux and increased filtration resistance of nanofiltration membranes, while physical and chemical cleaning of nanofiltration membranes can restore the filtration performance of nanofiltration membranes to a certain extent and prolong their service life.
  • the traditional nanofiltration membrane influent pretreatment is mostly processed through precision security filters, which has poor treatment effect and requires frequent replacement of precision security filters, which increases operating costs.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwashable precision filter device and method to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
  • a novel lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwash precision filter device including an intermediate pool, an intermediate lift pump, a lightweight silicon carbide ceramic membrane precision filter device, an air compressor, and a spraying filter. devices, biocides, alkali/acid solutions, backwash pumps, and product water.
  • the incoming water of the intermediate pool is the effluent of micro-organic polluted surface water through the conventional treatment process of the water plant pre-sedimentation + flocculation/sand filtration, and the temperature of the effluent is between 4°C and 35°C , the turbidity of the effluent is ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ 0.3NTU; the SDI15 of the effluent is generally ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, and the SDI15 is 5 ⁇ 6 in extreme cases; the free chlorine content of the effluent is less than 0.1mg/L; the CODMn of the slightly organic polluted surface water is 3.12 ⁇ 4.22 mg /L, TOC is 2.4-3.9 mg/L.
  • the core element of the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic membrane precision filter device is a lightweight SiC ceramic membrane, and the designed treatment water volume of a single lightweight SiC ceramic membrane is ⁇ 10m3/h, which meets the positive Requirements for filtration, reverse flushing, combined water and air backwashing, and spray cleaning.
  • the composition of the lightweight SiC ceramic film is hexagonal ⁇ -SiC and cubic ⁇ -SiC mixed crystals, the crystal grain size is 1 ⁇ 0.7 ⁇ m, and the Sintered into a large-diameter dense multi-channel tubular membrane, which is an asymmetric porous structure.
  • Step 1 Through the intermediate lifting pump, the slightly organic polluted surface water in the intermediate pool that has been pre-sedimentation + flocculation/sand filtration treated by the conventional treatment process of the water plant is pumped into the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwashable precision filter device; the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic The air washing gas source involved in the maintenance and restorative physical and chemical cleaning of the backwashable precision filter device is provided by the air compressor;
  • Step 2 The produced water is obtained through a lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwashable precision filter device, and the produced water is collected in the produced water tank;
  • Step 3 Pump the produced water tank into the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwashable precision filter device through the backwash pump to provide water source for backwash;
  • Step 4 Spray the bactericide and alkali/acid directly onto the surface of the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic membrane of the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwashable precision filter device through a sprayer.
  • the physical backwashing is water-air combined backwashing, which is started during dosing, circulation and flushing.
  • the physical backwashing cycle is 2 to 24 hours/time, and each backwashing time is 2 to 24 hours. 5min.
  • the chemical backwash cycle is 30 to 365 days/time, and each backwash time is 30 to 150 minutes;
  • the spray cleaning cycle of the light silicon carbide ceramic membrane precision filter device is 1 ⁇ 7 days/time, each spray cleaning time is 1 ⁇ 5min.
  • the present invention can effectively improve the current situation that traditional precision security filters cannot be cleaned physically and chemically on-line, and need to be replaced frequently. Washing the filter element, aiming at the pre-treatment effect of the relevant parameters of the nanofiltration membrane influent of the micro-organic polluted surface water through the conventional treatment process of the water plant + flocculation/sand filtration, effectively solves the frequent replacement of traditional precision security filters, periodic This causes the downtime of the nanofiltration system; in addition, compared with the traditional precision security filter element, the present invention has higher filtration accuracy, lower price, long life and no need for replacement, which can meet the water inlet requirements of the nanofiltration membrane.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • a novel lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwash precision filter device including an intermediate pool, an intermediate lift pump, a lightweight silicon carbide ceramic membrane precision filter device, an air compressor, Sprinklers, biocides, caustic/acid solutions, backwash pumps, and product water.
  • the incoming water of the intermediate pool is slightly organic polluted surface water which is pre-sedimentation + flocculation/sand filtration by the conventional treatment process of the water plant.
  • effluent SDI15 is generally ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4, in extreme cases SDI15 is 5 ⁇ 6; effluent free chlorine content ⁇ 0.1mg/L; CODMn of slightly organic polluted surface water is 3.12 ⁇ 4.22 mg/L, TOC is 2.4 ⁇ 3.9 mg/L.
  • the core element of the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic membrane precision filter device is a lightweight SiC ceramic membrane, and the designed treatment water volume of a single lightweight SiC ceramic membrane is ⁇ 10m3/h (under the most unfavorable working condition, the water temperature is 4 °C), to meet the needs of forward filtration, reverse flushing, water-air combined backwashing, and spray cleaning; the extremely hydrophilic and negatively charged properties of the lightweight SiC ceramic membrane endow it with excellent anti-pollution performance as a backwashable filter element ;
  • the high-efficiency acid/alkali/heat resistance and thermal shock and renewable performance of lightweight SiC ceramic membranes endow lightweight SiC ceramic membranes with excellent chemical cleaning resistance and service life; the high-efficiency permeability of SiC ceramic membranes endows SiC ceramics with The membrane backwashable precision filter element has excellent water permeability; a single lightweight silicon carbide ceramic membrane precision filter device contains 52 lightweight SiC ceramic membrane backwashable precision filter elements.
  • the composition of the lightweight SiC ceramic film is hexagonal ⁇ -SiC and cubic ⁇ -SiC mixed crystals, with a crystal grain size of 1 ⁇ 0.7 ⁇ m, which is fired at high temperature three times to form a large diameter dense
  • Heat and shock resistance the maximum applicable temperature is 800°C, excellent heat and shock resistance, and can be regenerated by steam washing/coo
  • Step 1 Through the intermediate lifting pump, the slightly organic polluted surface water in the intermediate pool that has been pre-sedimentation + flocculation/sand filtration treated by the conventional treatment process of the water plant is pumped into the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwashable precision filter device; the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic The air washing gas source involved in the maintenance and restorative physical and chemical cleaning of the backwashable precision filter device is provided by the air compressor;
  • Step 2 The produced water is obtained through a lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwashable precision filter device, and the produced water is collected in the produced water tank;
  • Step 3 Pump the produced water tank into the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwashable precision filter device through the backwash pump to provide water source for backwash;
  • Step 4 Spray the bactericide and alkali/acid directly onto the surface of the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic membrane of the lightweight silicon carbide ceramic backwashable precision filter device through a sprayer.
  • the present invention can effectively ensure that the relevant parameters of pre-sedimentation + flocculation/sand filtration of the pre-treated micro-organic polluted surface water through the conventional treatment process of the water plant can stably meet the water inlet requirements of the nanofiltration membrane; on the other hand, it is lightweight
  • the high-efficiency weather resistance, heat resistance/thermal shock resistance and renewable performance of the SiC ceramic membrane itself can improve the overall operation efficiency of the advanced treatment process of the nanofiltration system of pre-sedimentation + flocculation/sand filtration for surface water with micro-organic pollution through the conventional treatment process of the water plant.
  • the upper limit of the high-pressure water jet is 20m3/h (0.2MPa).
  • chemical cleaning no water cleaning
  • high-concentration chemical agents bactericide/lye/acid
  • the upper limit spray flow rate is 8m3/h (0.1MPa).
  • the physical backwashing is water-air combined backwashing, which is started when dosing, circulation and flushing, the physical backwashing cycle is 2-24 hours/time, and each backwashing time is 2-5 minutes.
  • the physical backwashing is water-air combined backwashing, which is started when dosing, circulation and flushing.
  • the physical backwashing cycle is 2 to 24 hours/time or the transmembrane pressure difference rises to 0.05MPa, and each backwashing time is 2 to 24 hours. 5min.
  • the chemical backwash cycle is 30 to 365 days/time, and each backwash time is 30 to 150 minutes;
  • the spray cleaning cycle of the light silicon carbide ceramic membrane precision filter device is 1 to 7 days/time, and each time The cleaning time of each spraying is 1 ⁇ 5min.
  • the chemical cleaning agents are selected from non-oxidizing bactericide and alkali/acid solution, the concentration of non-oxidizing bactericide is 0.02-0.10%, the concentration of alkali solution is 5000-7500 mg/L, and the concentration of acid solution is 2500-4000 mg/L L;
  • the chemical cleaning sequence is: dosing of non-oxidizing bactericide, circulation 30min, lye dosing, circulation 30min, soaking 0-90min, circulation 30min, rinsing 30min; acid solution dosing, circulation 30min, soaking 0-90min, circulation 30min, rinse for 30min.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于纳滤膜预处理技术领域，具体公开了一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置和方法，包括中间水池、中间提升泵、轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置、空压机、喷洒器、杀菌剂、碱/酸液、反洗泵以及产水；本发明可以有效改善传统精密保安过滤器无法进行在线物理、化学清洗、需频繁更换的现状，轻质SiC陶瓷膜的高渗透性、良好的抗污染性能及卓越的耐候性能可强化其作为可反洗滤芯，针对微有机污染地表水经水厂常规处理工艺预沉+絮凝/砂滤出水的纳滤膜进水的相关参数的预处理效果，有效解决了传统精密保安过滤器频繁更换问题；此外，本发明相较传统精密保安过滤滤芯，过滤精度更高、价格低、无需更换，可以满足纳滤膜进水要求。

Description

一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及纳滤膜预处理技术领域，具体为一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置和方法。
 背景技术
饮用水水质安全问题直接关系到广大人民群众身体健康，保障饮用水水质安全是基本民生问题，也是维护公众健康的重要基础。理论状态下，纳滤膜能完全除去大分子的有害有机物，同时选择性除去多余的无机物，对一价离子的截留率为40%，对二价离子的截留率为90%以上，并且可以选择性截留分子量200～1000Da的中性溶质。所以，纳滤膜在低分子有机物分级、水质软化、脱盐等方面具有独特的优势。
但是，纳滤膜在饮用水深度处理推广应用中容易受到污染，而纳滤膜染控制主要从3个方面着手：1、选择耐污染NF膜；2、有效预处理NF膜进水；3、物理&化学清洗污染NF膜；NF膜污染控制的三个方面相辅相成：选择耐污染纳滤膜是污染控制的核心（内因），其可从源头上提高纳滤膜的抗污染性能；对纳滤膜进水进行有效预处理可有效缓解纳滤膜通量下降、过滤阻力增加的问题，而纳滤膜的物理&化学清洗则可一定程度上恢复纳滤膜过滤性能、延长使用寿命。
 技术问题
传统的纳滤膜进水预处理时多通过精密保安过滤器进行处理，处理效果差，且需要频繁更换精密保安过滤器，增加了运行成本。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置和方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置，包括中间水池、中间提升泵、轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置、空压机、喷洒器、杀菌剂、碱/酸液、反洗泵以及产水。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案，所述中间水池的来水为微有机污染地表水经水厂常规处理工艺预沉+絮凝/砂滤的出水，出水的温度在4℃～35℃之间，出水浊度在≦0.1～0.3NTU；出水SDI15一般≦3～4，极端情况下SDI15为5～6；出水游离氯含量＜0.1mg/L；微有机污染地表水的CODMn为3.12～4.22 mg/L，TOC为2.4～3.9 mg/L。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案，所述轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置的核心元件为轻质SiC陶瓷膜，单支轻质SiC陶瓷膜的设计处理水量为≥10m³/h ，满足正向过滤、反向冲洗、水气联合反洗、喷洒清洗需求。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案，所述轻质SiC陶瓷膜的成分为六方晶系的α-SiC和立方晶系的β-SiC混晶，晶体粒径为1±0.7μm，经三次高温烧制成大直径密集多通道管式膜，为非对称多孔结构。
一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：通过中间提升泵，将中间水池中经水厂常规处理工艺预沉+絮凝/砂滤处理的微有机污染地表水泵入轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置；轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置维护性及恢复性物理化学清洗中涉及的气洗气源由空压机提供；
步骤二：经轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置得到产水，产水汇集在产水箱内；
步骤三：经反洗泵将产水箱内的产生泵入到轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置中为反冲洗提供水源；
步骤四：将杀菌剂、碱/酸液通过喷洒器直接喷洒至轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置的轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜表面。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案，所述物理反洗为水气联合反洗，加药、循环及冲洗时启动，物理反洗周期为2～24小时/次，每次反洗时间2～5min。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案，所述化学反洗周期为30～365天/次，每次反洗时间30～150min；所述轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置的喷洒清洗周期为1～7天/次，每次喷洒清洗时间为1～5min。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明可以有效改善传统精密保安过滤器无法进行在线物理、化学清洗、需频繁更换的现状，轻质SiC陶瓷膜的高渗透性、良好的抗污染性能及卓越的耐候性能可强化其作为可反洗滤芯，针对微有机污染地表水经水厂常规处理工艺预沉+絮凝/砂滤出水的纳滤膜进水的相关参数的预处理效果，有效解决了传统精密保安过滤器频繁更换、阶段性造成纳滤系统停机问题；此外，本发明相较传统精密保安过滤滤芯，过滤精度更高、价格低、寿命长、无需更换，可以满足纳滤膜进水要求。
 附图说明
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置，包括中间水池、中间提升泵、轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置、空压机、喷洒器、杀菌剂、碱/酸液、反洗泵以及产水。
进一步的，所述中间水池的来水为微有机污染地表水经水厂常规处理工艺预沉+絮凝/砂滤的出水，出水的温度在4℃～35℃之间，出水浊度在≦0.1～0.3NTU；出水SDI15一般≦3～4，极端情况下SDI15为5～6；出水游离氯含量＜0.1mg/L；微有机污染地表水的CODMn为3.12～4.22 mg/L，TOC为2.4～3.9 mg/L。
进一步的，所述轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置的核心元件为轻质SiC陶瓷膜，单支轻质SiC陶瓷膜的设计处理水量为≥10m³/h（最不利工况下，水温为4℃） ，满足正向过滤、反向冲洗、水气联合反洗、喷洒清洗需求；所述轻质SiC陶瓷膜的极其亲水、荷负电性能，赋予其作为可反洗滤芯的卓越抗污染性能；轻质SiC陶瓷膜的高效耐酸/碱/热及热冲击及可再生性能，赋予轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜卓越的耐受化学清洗性能及使用寿命；SiC陶瓷膜的高效渗透性，赋予SiC陶瓷膜可反洗精密滤芯优良的透水性；单支轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置含52支轻质SiC陶瓷膜可反洗精密滤芯。
进一步的，所述轻质SiC陶瓷膜的成分为六方晶系的α-SiC和立方晶系的β-SiC混晶，晶体粒径为1±0.7μm，经三次高温烧制成大直径密集多通道管式膜，为非对称多孔结构；其设计通量（跨膜压差0.1MPa下，膜过滤有效孔径100nm）为≥4000LMH，单支膜面积＞5㎡，最高使用温度800℃，极其亲水（静态接触角0～5°），荷负电性能强（膜层等电点pH=2.4），适用pH范围0～14，常规氧化剂（臭氧、次氯酸钠、次氯酸）任意浓度，耐氯性、盐性、有机溶剂均为任意浓度。耐热耐冲击，最高适用温度800℃，耐热冲击性能优良，可采用蒸汽冲洗/蒸煮再生。
一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：通过中间提升泵，将中间水池中经水厂常规处理工艺预沉+絮凝/砂滤处理的微有机污染地表水泵入轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置；轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置维护性及恢复性物理化学清洗中涉及的气洗气源由空压机提供；
步骤二：经轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置得到产水，产水汇集在产水箱内；
步骤三：经反洗泵将产水箱内的产生泵入到轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置中为反冲洗提供水源；
步骤四：将杀菌剂、碱/酸液通过喷洒器直接喷洒至轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置的轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜表面。
本发明具有一方面可有效确保经由其预处理的微有机污染地表水经水厂常规处理工艺预沉+絮凝/砂滤出水的相关参数能稳定达到纳滤膜进水要求，另一方面轻质SiC陶瓷膜本身的高效耐候、耐热/热冲击、可再生性能提高微有机污染地表水经水厂常规处理工艺预沉+絮凝/砂滤出水的纳滤系统深度处理工艺的整体运行效率。
通过喷洒器直接喷洒时，高压水射流上限为20m³/h（0.2MPa），化学清洗喷洒时（无水清洗），少量高浓度化学药剂（杀菌剂/碱液/酸液）直接喷洒到膜表面的上限喷洒流量为8m³/h（0.1MPa）。
进一步的，所述物理反洗为水气联合反洗，加药、循环及冲洗时启动，物理反洗周期为2～24小时/次，每次反洗时间2～5min。
所述物理反洗为水气联合反洗，加药、循环及冲洗时启动，其物理反洗周期为2～24小时/次或者跨膜压差升至0.05MPa，每次反洗时间2～5min。
进一步的，所述化学反洗周期为30～365天/次，每次反洗时间30～150min；所述轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置的喷洒清洗周期为1～7天/次，每次喷洒清洗时间为1～5min。
所述化学清洗的药剂选择为非氧化杀菌剂和碱/酸液，非氧化杀菌剂的浓度为0.02～0.10%，碱液浓度为5000～7500 mg/L，酸液浓度为2500～4000 mg/L；化学清洗顺序为：非氧化杀菌剂投加、循环30min，碱液投加，循环30min，浸泡0～90min，循环30min，冲洗30min；酸液投加，循环30min，浸泡0～90min，循环30min，冲洗30min。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
 工业实用性
所属领域技术人员根据上文的记载容易得知，本发明技术方案适合在工业中制造并在生产、生活中使用，因此本发明具备工业实用性。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置，其特征在于，包括中间水池、中间提升泵、轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置、空压机、喷洒器、杀菌剂、碱/酸液、反洗泵以及产水。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置，其特征在于：所述中间水池的来水为微有机污染地表水经水厂常规处理工艺预沉+絮凝/砂滤的出水，出水的温度在4℃～35℃之间，出水浊度在≦0.1～0.3NTU；出水SDI15一般≦3～4，极端情况下SDI15为5～6；出水游离氯含量＜0.1mg/L；微有机污染地表水的CODMn为3.12～4.22 mg/L，TOC为2.4～3.9 mg/L。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置，其特征在于：所述轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置的核心元件为轻质SiC陶瓷膜，单支轻质SiC陶瓷膜的设计处理水量为≥10m³/h ，满足正向过滤、反向冲洗、水气联合反洗、喷洒清洗需求。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置，其特征在于：所述轻质SiC陶瓷膜的成分为六方晶系的α-SiC和立方晶系的β-SiC混晶，晶体粒径为1±0.7μm，经三次高温烧制成大直径密集多通道管式膜，为非对称多孔结构。
  5. 一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤一：通过中间提升泵，将中间水池中经水厂常规处理工艺预沉+絮凝/砂滤处理的微有机污染地表水泵入轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置；轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置维护性及恢复性物理化学清洗中涉及的气洗气源由空压机提供；
    步骤二：经轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置得到产水，产水汇集在产水箱内；
    步骤三：经反洗泵将产水箱内的产生泵入到轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置中为反冲洗提供水源；
    步骤四：将杀菌剂、碱/酸液通过喷洒器直接喷洒至轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤装置的轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜表面。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤方法，其特征在于：所述物理反洗为水气联合反洗，加药、循环及冲洗时启动，物理反洗周期为2～24小时/次，每次反洗时间2～5min。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种新型轻质碳化硅陶瓷可反洗精密过滤方法，其特征在于：所述化学反洗周期为30～365天/次，每次反洗时间30～150min；所述轻质碳化硅陶瓷膜精密过滤装置的喷洒清洗周期为1～7天/次，每次喷洒清洗时间为1～5min。
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