WO2022242004A1 - 数据传输装置及 60GHz 毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统 - Google Patents

数据传输装置及 60GHz 毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022242004A1
WO2022242004A1 PCT/CN2021/120693 CN2021120693W WO2022242004A1 WO 2022242004 A1 WO2022242004 A1 WO 2022242004A1 CN 2021120693 W CN2021120693 W CN 2021120693W WO 2022242004 A1 WO2022242004 A1 WO 2022242004A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data transmission
dipole unit
duplex
full
transmission device
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PCT/CN2021/120693
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
晏承彬
范奎奎
谭青权
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深圳市稳联科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022242004A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022242004A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0241—Waveguide horns radiating a circularly polarised wave
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/06—Details
    • H01Q9/065—Microstrip dipole antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a data transmission device and a 60GHz millimeter wave full-duplex rotary data transmission system.
  • the directivity of the 60GHz wireless signal is very strong, so that the mutual interference between several 60GHz communication signals in different directions is very small, almost negligible.
  • There are few technologies using this frequency band for wireless communication and the carrier frequencies of the main wireless communication technologies are basically far below 60GHz. Therefore, the interference between communication systems is also very small and can be ignored.
  • the free space loss of the transmission path is about 15dB/km at frequencies around 60GHz, and. Obstacles such as air, moisture, and walls attenuate millimeter waves greatly. This makes 60GHz wireless communication have unique advantages in short-distance communication security performance and anti-interference performance, which is beneficial to short-distance point-to-point communication.
  • the millimeter-wave transceivers currently in use include ST60A2 millimeter-wave transceivers.
  • ST60A2 is a chip from STMicroelectronics, which can transfer data within 6Gbps
  • the SERDES signal is modulated into a 60GHz millimeter wave for point-to-point short-distance transmission. Since the 60GHz millimeter wave passes through the plastic with little attenuation, a non-contact wireless connection can be realized.
  • SERDES is the abbreviation of English SERializer (serializer)/DESerializer (deserializer). It is a mainstream time-division multiplexing (TDM), point-to-point (P2P) serial communication technology.
  • TDM time-division multiplexing
  • P2P point-to-point
  • the present invention provides a data transmission device that cooperates with a 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver.
  • the present invention provides a data transmission device, which includes a same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna.
  • the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna includes a polarization grid, and left-handed/right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are generated by the polarization grid.
  • the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna is an integrated antenna with left-handed polarization and right-handed polarization, and the phases of left-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves and right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are orthogonal.
  • the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna includes an antenna wall, a rectangular waveguide, and a circular waveguide horn, the rectangular waveguide and the polarization grid are located in the antenna wall, and the circular waveguide horn is located in the On the side of the antenna wall, the rectangular waveguide is connected to the polarization grid, and the left-handed/right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves generated by the polarization grid are emitted into the air through the circular waveguide horn.
  • the polarization grid has an irregular shape.
  • the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna is provided with an installation slot, and the PCB adapter module is installed in the installation slot.
  • the data transmission device further includes a PCB adapter module, and the PCB adapter module is connected to the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna.
  • the PCB transfer module includes a PCB and a folded dipole unit, the PCB is connected to the folded dipole unit, and there are two folded dipole units, two folded dipole units The pole unit is connected with the rectangular waveguide.
  • the folded dipole unit includes a first dipole unit and a second dipole unit, the first dipole unit is located on the top layer of the PCB, and the second dipole unit The unit is located on the second layer of the PCB, the second dipole unit is connected to the signal ground, the first dipole unit and the second dipole unit have a symmetrical structure, and the first dipole unit A unit is connected to the rectangular waveguide.
  • the folded dipole unit is inserted into the cavity of the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna, and the PCB transfer module is also provided with a grounding hole.
  • the present invention also provides a 60GHz millimeter-wave full-duplex rotary data transmission system, including a data transmission module, the data transmission module includes a 60GHz millimeter-wave transceiver, and the data transmission device described in the present invention, the 60GHz millimeter-wave transceiver There are two, one 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver is connected to a first dipole unit, and the other 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver is connected to another first dipole unit.
  • a 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver is connected to a first dipole unit through a microstrip line, and another 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver is connected to another first dipole unit through a microstrip line.
  • the 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver is an ST60A2 chip.
  • the present invention cooperates with the 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver to form a 60GHz millimeter wave full-duplex rotating data transmission system, which realizes the high-speed full-duplex data transmission of the 60GHz millimeter wave in the case of rotation, and obtains A very good technical effect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of the antenna.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the PCB adapter module.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a 60GHz millimeter wave full-duplex rotary data transmission system.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of 60GHz millimeter wave full-duplex rotation data transmission.
  • Fig. 7 is a working schematic diagram of a 60GHz millimeter wave full-duplex rotary data transmission system.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to Gigabit Ethernet.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the antenna for illustrating its shape.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the interior of the antenna.
  • the present invention discloses a data transmission device, including a PCB transfer module 100, a same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200, the PCB transfer module 100 and the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200
  • the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200 includes a polarization grid 203, which generates left-handed/right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves by the polarization grid 203, and the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200 is left-handed and
  • the right-hand polarized integrated antenna, the left-hand polarized circularly polarized electromagnetic wave and the right-hand polarized circularly polarized electromagnetic wave are in phase orthogonality.
  • the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200 solves the problem of full-duplex rotating transmission under the same-frequency condition.
  • the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200 also includes an antenna wall 201, a rectangular waveguide 202, and a circular waveguide horn 204, and the rectangular waveguide 202 and polarization grid 203 are located in the antenna wall 201 , the circular waveguide horn 204 is located on one side of the antenna wall 201, the rectangular waveguide 202 is connected to the polarization grid 203, and the left-handed/right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves generated by the polarization grid 203 pass through the circular waveguide horn 204 launched into the air.
  • the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200 is provided with an installation slot 205 , and the PCB adapter module 100 is installed in the installation slot 205 .
  • the polarization grid 203 has an irregular shape, and the irregularly shaped polarization grid 203 is derived by a software optimization algorithm, which can realize polarization with high isolation.
  • the PCB adapter module 100 includes a PCB, a folded dipole unit 101, and the folded dipole unit 101 includes a first dipole unit 102 and a second dipole unit 103, the The first dipole unit 102 is located on the top layer of the PCB, the second dipole unit 103 is located on the second layer of the PCB, the second dipole unit 103 is connected to the signal ground, and the first dipole unit 103 is connected to the signal ground.
  • the subunit 102 and the second dipole unit 103 have a symmetrical structure, there are two folded dipole units 101 , and the two first dipole units 102 are connected to the rectangular waveguide 202 .
  • the folded dipole unit 101 is inserted into the cavity of the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200 .
  • the PCB adapter module 100 also has a ground hole 104 .
  • the present invention also discloses a 60GHz millimeter-wave full-duplex rotary data transmission system, including a data transmission module, which includes a 60GHz millimeter-wave transceiver and the data transmission device of the present invention , there are two 60GHz millimeter wave transceivers, one 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver is connected to a first dipole unit 102 , and the other 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver is connected to another first dipole unit 102 .
  • the 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver adopts the ST60A2 chip 20 .
  • one ST60A2 chip 20 is connected to a first dipole unit 102 through a microstrip line 10
  • another ST60A2 chip 20 is connected to another first dipole unit 102 through a microstrip line 10 .
  • the first ST60A2 chip 21 on the left side is the transmitter At the end, the third ST60A2 chip 23 on the right side will receive the transmitted signal and recover it.
  • the fourth ST60A2 chip 24 on the right is the transmitting end, the second ST60A2 chip 22 on the left will receive the transmitted signal and recover it.
  • the technical challenge of the present invention is the design of the PCB adapter module 100 and the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200, and the combination of the two can meet the requirement of high-speed full-duplex rotation. Due to the need to support full-duplex rotation, left circular polarization and right circular polarization schemes must be adopted, and signals must be transmitted and received in the same axis direction. If the receiving and transmitting antennas are not coaxial, the rotation will cause the antennas on both sides to be misaligned and the signal will be strong. Weak changes can generate a large number of bit errors. However, the coaxial antenna design brings challenges to the isolation design. Insufficient isolation will lead to the same-side signal transceiver interference and communication failure.
  • the present invention adopts an improved new folded dipole unit 101, a rectangular waveguide 202 and a circular
  • the waveguide horn 204 and the optimized design of the polarization grid 203 solve the above-mentioned difficulties in one fell swoop, and achieve an isolation of more than 30dB within a 5GHz bandwidth.
  • the SERDES TX transmission signal on the left passes through the ST60A2 chip 20, modulates it into a 60GHz carrier signal, and transmits it into the air through the left-handed polarization of the antenna.
  • the SERDES signal complete a one-way transfer.
  • the SERDES TX on the right is transmitted through the ST60A2 chip 20, modulated into a 60GHz carrier signal, and then transmitted into the air through the right-handed polarization of the antenna.
  • the right-handed polarized antenna on the opposite side receives the air signal and demodulates it to restore it to SERDES Signal.
  • the full-duplex communication is completed by docking according to Figure 6.
  • TX denotes a transmitter
  • RX denotes a receiver
  • left and right-handed polarizations are in phase quadrature, they will not interfere with each other even if they work at the same frequency.
  • the center frequency of the ST60A2 chip 20 is 60.4GHz, and this chip has only one working frequency, which is why two polarization modes are used.
  • left and right-handed polarization belong to circular polarization, which is suitable for rotating applications.
  • the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200 of the present invention has the following characteristics.
  • Left and right-handed polarizations are orthogonal in phase and will not interfere with each other; at the same time, left-handed and right-handed polarizations are circular polarizations, suitable for rotating applications.
  • the signals on both sides are on the same axis, and the signals on both sides can also maintain a stable connection when the antennas on both sides rotate coaxially.
  • the same-frequency full-duplex rotating antenna 200 is optimally designed together with the PCB adapter module 100, which has the characteristics of high isolation, low coupling, high bandwidth, and high gain.
  • the working principle of the 60GHz millimeter wave full-duplex rotary data transmission system of the present invention is: the ST60A2 chip 20 transmits the modulated 60GHz carrier signal to the folded dipole unit 101 through the microstrip line 10, and the folded dipole
  • the pole unit 101 excites the TE10 working mode of the rectangular waveguide 202, thereby transmitting the 60 GHz carrier signal to the rectangular waveguide 202, and the TE10 mode of the rectangular waveguide 202 generates left-handed/right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves in the square waveguide after passing through the polarization grid 203, Left-handed/right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are emitted into the air through the circular waveguide horn 204, so that the data transmission module on the left (end A) completes the data transmission, and at the same time the data transmission module (end B) on the right receives the air After demodulating the 60GHz carrier signal with the same polarization mode, it is restored to a SERDES signal to complete a one-way transmission.
  • the data transmission module on the right (side B) can also send data
  • the data transmission module on the left (side A) receives and demodulates to complete the data reception. Since the left and right data transmission modules (A-side and B-side) have a high degree of isolation, and receive and transmit circularly polarized electromagnetic waves with opposite rotations, the two ports on the same side interact with each other when receiving and transmitting. Without interference, the full-duplex communication of the two data transmission modules can be realized.
  • a typical application of the present invention is to replace the mechanical slip ring and realize the function of the mechanical slip ring in a wireless manner. It is also the world's first millimeter-wave high-speed full-duplex rotation data transmission solution, which can be used to replace traditional mechanical slip rings.
  • the Gigabit network slip ring has 4 pairs of twisted pairs, and the operating frequency of a single twisted pair can reach 250MHz. The higher the operating frequency, the higher the requirements for the impedance characteristics of the transmission line. Because of its structural characteristics, mechanical slip rings are difficult to match with network cables in terms of impedance, which causes signal loss. Moreover, mechanical slip rings are worn, oxidized, and corroded, which may even lead to communication interruption.
  • the present invention can realize the non-contact rotary Gigabit Ethernet application with an Ethernet transceiver. Wave signal connection, wear and corrosion problems can be solved.
  • the actual testing speed of the SGMII interface of the present invention can reach more than 3Gpbs, and can be compatible with 2.5G Ethernet.
  • a 60GHz millimeter wave full-duplex rotating data transmission system is formed through the cooperation of the data transmission device and the 60GHz millimeter wave transceiver (for example, using the ST60A2 chip 20), which realizes the high-speed full-duplex data transmission of the 60GHz millimeter wave in the case of rotation, A very good technical effect has been achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种数据传输装置及60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统，该60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统包括数据传输模块，所述数据传输模块包括60GHz毫米波收发器（例如ST60A2芯片）、以及本发明所述的数据传输装置， 60GHz毫米波收发器为两个，一个60GHz毫米波收发器与一个第一偶极子单元相连，另一个60GHz毫米波收发器与另一个第一偶极子单元相连。本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过数据传输装置与60GHz毫米波收发器配合构成了60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统，实现了60GHz毫米波在旋转时的高速全双工数据传输，取得了非常好的技术效果。

Description

数据传输装置及60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输装置及60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统。
 背景技术
近年来，各国政府都在60GHz频率附近划分了连续的免执照即可使用的频谱资源。比如，美国将免许可的频率范围划分为7GHz（57GHz-64GHz），日本也将其划分为7GHz（59.4GHz-62.9GHz），而欧洲更是高达9GHz（57GHz-66GHz）。主要有以下特点。
抗干扰性强。
60GHz无线信号的方向性很强，使得几个不同方向的60GHz通信信号之间的互干扰非常小，几乎可以忽略不计。使用该频段进行无线通信的技术很少，而主要使用的无线通信技术的载频基本都远远小于60GHz，因此，通信系统之间的干扰也很小，同样可以忽略不计。
高安全性。
传输路径的自由空间损耗在60GHz附近频率时约为15dB/km，并且。空气，水分，墙壁等障碍物对毫米波的衰减很大。这使得60GHz无线通信在短距离通信的安全性能和抗干扰性能上存在得天独厚的优势，有利于近距离点到点通信。
现在使用的毫米波收发器有ST60A2毫米波收发器，ST60A2是意法半导体的一款芯片，可以把6Gbps 速率以内的 SERDES信号调制成60GHz毫米波，点对点近距离传输。由于60GHz毫米波穿过塑料衰减很少，可实现非接触式的无线连接。
SERDES是英文SERializer(串行器)/DESerializer(解串器)的简称。它是一种主流的时分多路复用(TDM)、点对点(P2P)的串行通信技术。
现在虽然有ST60A2芯片，但是缺少与ST60A2芯片配合的数据传输装置，无法实现在旋转的情况下60GHz毫米波高速全双工数据传输，该问题困扰着用户，亟待解决。
 技术问题
为了解决现有技术中无法实现在旋转的情况下60GHz毫米波高速全双工数据传输的问题，本发明提供了一种与60GHz毫米波收发器配合的数据传输装置。
 技术解决方案
本发明提供了一种数据传输装置，包括同频全双工旋转天线，所述同频全双工旋转天线包括极化栅，由所述极化栅产生左旋/右旋圆极化电磁波，所述同频全双工旋转天线为左旋极化和右旋极化一体天线，左旋圆极化电磁波和右旋圆极化电磁波相位正交。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述同频全双工旋转天线包括天线壁、矩形波导、圆波导喇叭，所述矩形波导和极化栅位于所述天线壁内，所述圆波导喇叭位于所述天线壁一侧，所述矩形波导与所述极化栅相连，所述极化栅产生的左旋/右旋圆极化电磁波经过圆波导喇叭发射到空中。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述极化栅为无规则形状。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述同频全双工旋转天线设有安装槽，所述PCB转接模块安装在所述安装槽内。
作为本发明的进一步改进，该数据传输装置还包括PCB转接模块，所述PCB转接模块与所述同频全双工旋转天线相连。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述PCB转接模块包括PCB、折叠偶极子单元，所述PCB与所述折叠偶极子单元相连，所述折叠偶极子单元为两个，两个折叠偶极子单元与所述矩形波导相连。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述折叠偶极子单元包括第一偶极子单元和第二偶极子单元，所述第一偶极子单元位于所述PCB顶层，所述第二偶极子单元位于所述PCB第二层，所述第二偶极子单元和信号地相连，所述第一偶极子单元和所述第二偶极子单元呈对称结构，所述第一偶极子单元与所述矩形波导相连。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述折叠偶极子单元插入所述同频全双工旋转天线的腔体内，所述PCB转接模块还设有接地孔。
本发明还提供了一种60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统，包括数据传输模块，所述数据传输模块包括60GHz毫米波收发器、以及本发明所述的数据传输装置，60GHz毫米波收发器为两个，一个60GHz毫米波收发器与一个第一偶极子单元相连，另一个60GHz毫米波收发器与另一个第一偶极子单元相连。
作为本发明的进一步改进，一个60GHz毫米波收发器通过微带线与一个第一偶极子单元相连，另一个60GHz毫米波收发器通过微带线与另一个第一偶极子单元相连。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述数据传输模块为两个，通过两个数据传输模块完成数据的传输。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述60GHz毫米波收发器为ST60A2芯片。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过数据传输装置与60GHz毫米波收发器配合构成了60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统，实现了60GHz毫米波在旋转情况下高速全双工数据传输，取得了非常好的技术效果。
 附图说明
图1是天线结构示意图。
图2是天线剖面图。
图3是PCB转接模块的结构示意图。
图4是数据传输装置的结构示意图。
图5是60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统原理框图。
图6是60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输原理示意图。
图7是60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统的工作示意图。
图8是本发明应用于千兆以太网的示意图。
图9是天线的示意图，用于展示其形状。
图10是天线内部示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
如图4所示，本发明公开了一种数据传输装置，包括PCB转接模块100、同频全双工旋转天线200，所述PCB转接模块100与所述同频全双工旋转天线200相连，所述同频全双工旋转天线200包括极化栅203，由所述极化栅203产生左旋/右旋圆极化电磁波，所述同频全双工旋转天线200为左旋极化和右旋极化一体天线，左旋极化圆极化电磁波和右旋极化圆极化电磁波相位正交。
同频全双工旋转天线200解决了同频条件下全双工旋转传输的问题。
如图1、2所示，所述同频全双工旋转天线200还包括天线壁201、矩形波导202、圆波导喇叭204，所述矩形波导202和极化栅203位于所述天线壁201内，所述圆波导喇叭204位于所述天线壁201一侧，所述矩形波导202与所述极化栅203相连，所述极化栅203产生的左旋/右旋圆极化电磁波经过圆波导喇叭204发射到空中。
所述同频全双工旋转天线200设有安装槽205，所述PCB转接模块100安装在所述安装槽205内。
所述极化栅203为无规则形状，无规则形状的极化栅203由软件优化算法推导而出，可实现高隔离的极化。
如图3所示，所述PCB转接模块100包括PCB、折叠偶极子单元101，所述折叠偶极子单元101包括第一偶极子单元102和第二偶极子单元103，所述第一偶极子单元102位于所述PCB顶层，所述第二偶极子单元103位于所述PCB第二层，所述第二偶极子单元103和信号地相连，所述第一偶极子单元102和所述第二偶极子单元103呈对称结构，所述折叠偶极子单元101为两个，两个第一偶极子单元102与矩形波导202相连。
折叠偶极子单元101插入同频全双工旋转天线200的腔体内。
所述PCB转接模块100还设有接地孔104。
如图5所示，本发明还公开了一种60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统，包括数据传输模块，所述数据传输模块包括60GHz毫米波收发器、以及本发明所述的数据传输装置，60GHz毫米波收发器为两个，一个60GHz毫米波收发器与一个第一偶极子单元102相连，另一个60GHz毫米波收发器与另一个第一偶极子单元102相连。
作为本发明的优选实施例，60GHz毫米波收发器采用ST60A2芯片20。
优选的，一个ST60A2芯片20通过微带线10与一个第一偶极子单元102相连，另一个ST60A2芯片20通过微带线10与另一个第一偶极子单元102相连。
所述数据传输模块为两个，通过两个数据传输模块完成数据的传输。
如图5所示，ST60A2芯片20为四个，分别是第一ST60A2芯片21、第二ST60A2芯片22、第三ST60A2芯片23、第四ST60A2芯片24，当左侧的第一ST60A2芯片21为发射端时，右侧的第三ST60A2芯片23将接收其发射的信号，并恢复出来。同理右侧的第四ST60A2芯片24为发射端时，左侧的第二ST60A2芯片22将接收其发射的信号，并恢复出来。完成全双工高速通信。
本发明的技术挑战是PCB转接模块100和同频全双工旋转天线200的设计，两者配合使用方能达到高速全双工旋转的需求。由于需要支持全双工旋转，则必须采用左圆极化和右圆极化方案，而且信号要共轴心方向收发，如果收发天线不共轴心，旋转导致两侧天线对不准，信号强弱变化会产生大量误码。而共轴心的天线设计带来了隔离度设计挑战，隔离度不够会导致同侧信号收发干扰而无法通信，所以，本发明采用改进的新型的折叠偶极子单元101、矩形波导202和圆波导喇叭204，优化设计极化栅203，一举解决了上述难点，在5GHz带宽内实现了30dB以上的隔离度。
小型化和低成本是本发明的另一大亮点，为产品批量化推波助澜。
如图6所示，左侧SERDES TX发送信号经过ST60A2芯片20，调制成60GHz载波信号，通过天线左旋极化后发射到空中，同时对侧的左旋极化天线接收到空中信号后解调，还原为SERDES信号，完成一个单向传输。
同理，右侧SERDES TX发送经过ST60A2芯片20，调制成60GHz载波信号，通过天线右旋极化后发射到空中，同时对侧的右旋极化天线接收到空中信号后解调，还原为SERDES信号。按图6对接即完成了全双工通信。
在图6中，TX表示发射器，RX表示接收器。
由于左，右旋极化相位正交，即使工作在同一个频率也不会相互干扰。实际上ST60A2芯片20的中心频率为60.4GHz, 此芯片仅一个工作频率，这也是要使用两种极化方式的原因。同时左，右旋极化属于圆极化，适应旋转应用。当两个天线的沿微波轴向对准并旋转时，由于两侧信号中心都在轴线上，使得两侧都能接收到稳定的信号。
本发明的同频全双工旋转天线200具有如下特点。
1.左，右旋极化相位正交，不会相互干扰；同时左，右旋极化属于圆极化，适合旋转应用。
2.左，右旋极化一体天线，信号都在同一轴线上，在两侧天线共轴旋转中，两侧信号也可以保持稳定连接。
3. 同频全双工旋转天线200配合PCB转接模块100一起优化设计，具有高隔离，低耦合，高带宽，高增益的特点。
4.优化设计的极化栅203，实现高隔离极化。
如图7所示，本发明的60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统的工作原理是：ST60A2芯片20通过微带线10将调制后的60GHz载波信号传输给折叠偶极子单元101，折叠偶极子单元101激励矩形波导202的TE10工作模式，从而将60GHz载波信号传输给矩形波导202，矩形波导202的TE10模式经过极化栅203后在方波导中产生左旋/右旋圆极化电磁波，左旋/右旋圆极化电磁波经过圆波导喇叭204发射到空中，这样，左侧的数据传输模块（A端）就完成了数据的发送，同时右侧的数据传输模块（B端）接收到空气中相同极化方式的60GHz载波信号后进行解调，还原为SERDES信号，完成一个单向传输。同理，右侧的数据传输模块（B端）也可以进行数据的发送，左侧数据传输模块（A端）进行接收和解调，完成数据的接收。由于左侧和右侧数据传输模块(A端和B端)具有很高的隔离度，并且接收和发射的是旋向相反的圆极化电磁波，同一侧的两个端口在接收和发射时互不干扰，可以实现两个数据传输模块的全双工通信。
本发明的一种典型应用是替代机械滑环，以无线的方式实现了机械滑环的功能。也是全球首款毫米波高速全双工旋转数据传输方案，可用于传统机械滑环的替代。
下面以千兆网滑环举例说，千兆网滑环共4对双绞线，单一双绞线工作频率可到250MHz。工作频率越高，对传输线的阻抗特性要求越高。机械滑环因为其结构特点阻抗上难以和网线匹配，而使信号产生损耗。而且机械滑环磨损，氧化，被腐蚀这种情况甚至会导致通信中断。本发明搭配一个以太网收发器可实现非接触式的旋转千兆以太网应用，如图8所示，对侧放置同一装置即可实现千兆网线的连接，本发明把网线物理连接改为毫米波信号连接，磨损腐蚀问题得以解决。由于毫米波可穿透塑料，电子物料可以包裹在塑料密闭盒中，防水防尘防腐蚀。另外本发明SGMII接口实际测试工作速度可达3Gpbs以上，可兼容到2.5G的以太网。
本发明通过数据传输装置与60GHz毫米波收发器（例如，采用ST60A2芯片20）配合构成了60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统，实现了60GHz毫米波在旋转情况下高速全双工数据传输，取得了非常好的技术效果。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种数据传输装置，其特征在于：包括同频全双工旋转天线，所述同频全双工旋转天线包括极化栅，由所述极化栅产生左旋/右旋圆极化电磁波，所述同频全双工旋转天线为左旋极化和右旋极化一体天线，左旋圆极化电磁波和右旋圆极化电磁波相位正交。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的数据传输装置，其特征在于：所述同频全双工旋转天线包括天线壁、矩形波导、圆波导喇叭，所述矩形波导和极化栅位于所述天线壁内，所述圆波导喇叭位于所述天线壁一侧，所述矩形波导与所述极化栅相连，所述极化栅产生的左旋/右旋圆极化电磁波经过圆波导喇叭发射到空中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的数据传输装置，其特征在于：所述极化栅为无规则形状。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的数据传输装置，其特征在于：所述同频全双工旋转天线设有安装槽，所述PCB转接模块安装在所述安装槽内。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的数据传输装置，其特征在于：该数据传输装置还包括PCB转接模块，所述PCB转接模块与所述同频全双工旋转天线相连。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的数据传输装置，其特征在于：所述PCB转接模块包括PCB、折叠偶极子单元，所述PCB与所述折叠偶极子单元相连，所述折叠偶极子单元为两个，两个折叠偶极子单元与所述矩形波导相连。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的数据传输装置，其特征在于：所述折叠偶极子单元包括第一偶极子单元和第二偶极子单元，所述第一偶极子单元位于所述PCB顶层，所述第二偶极子单元位于所述PCB第二层，所述第二偶极子单元和信号地相连，所述第一偶极子单元和所述第二偶极子单元呈对称结构，所述第一偶极子单元与所述矩形波导相连。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的数据传输装置，其特征在于：所述折叠偶极子单元插入所述同频全双工旋转天线的腔体内，所述PCB转接模块还设有接地孔。
  9. 一种60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统，其特征在于：包括数据传输模块，所述数据传输模块包括60GHz毫米波收发器、以及权利要求7至8任一项所述的数据传输装置，60GHz毫米波收发器为两个，一个60GHz毫米波收发器与一个第一偶极子单元相连，另一个60GHz毫米波收发器与另一个第一偶极子单元相连。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统，其特征在于：一个60GHz毫米波收发器通过微带线与一个第一偶极子单元相连，另一个60GHz毫米波收发器通过微带线与另一个第一偶极子单元相连。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统，其特征在于：所述数据传输模块为两个，通过两个数据传输模块完成数据的传输。
  12. 根据权利要求9或10所述的60GHz毫米波全双工旋转数据传输系统，其特征在于：所述60GHz毫米波收发器为ST60A2芯片。
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