WO2022238203A1

WO2022238203A1 - Coil assemblies and method for producing a coil assembly

Info

Publication number: WO2022238203A1
Application number: PCT/EP2022/061995
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Lucas; Uwe Hentschel; Martin Helwig; Niels Modler
Original assignee: Technische Universität Dresden
Priority date: 2021-05-12
Filing date: 2022-05-04
Publication date: 2022-11-17
Also published as: DE102021112455A1

Abstract

The invention relates to coil assemblies (100, 600, 700) for use as transmission coils and/or receiving coils in energy transmission and to a method for producing same. A coil assembly (100) has: a first coil (106s) which has a first coil conductor (106) arranged in a plurality of windings, said first coil conductor (106) having a plurality of first conductor paths (122); a second coil (108s) which has a second coil conductor (108) arranged in a plurality of windings, said second coil conductor (108) having a plurality of second conductor paths (123); and at least one dielectric layer (110) which is arranged between the first coil (106s) and the second coil (108s) such that the first coil (106s), the second coil (108s), and the at least one dielectric layer (110) form a resonant circuit.

Description

1

description

Coil assemblies and method of manufacturing a coil assembly

Various exemplary embodiments relate to coil assemblies and methods of manufacturing coil assemblies.

Various charging systems can be based on resonant-inductive energy transfer. A resonant-inductive energy transfer leads to a significant increase in efficiency compared to inductive energy transfer systems due to the matching of the impedance of the coils. The energy source (e.g.

Primary side) and / or the load (e.g. secondary side) have a resonant oscillating circuit. For example, the power source can be a charging station (eg, a charging pad) and the load can be a user device (eg, a smartphone). A resonant-inductive energy transmission system can have several components, such as a coil arrangement for inductive energy transmission and a capacitor bank coupled to the coil arrangement for generating the capacitance required for the resonant-inductive energy transmission. In addition to high electrical quality, this requires both high dielectric strength and high current strength of the components. The components can be installed in a common coil housing or in separate housings, which, however, requires a lot of space in both cases. In addition, connecting elements, mechanical fastenings, electrical insulation and/or thermal connections (e.g. for cooling) may be necessary. If the components are installed in a common housing, the mechanical dimensions of the discrete components prevent the realization of flat (ie with a low height) and/or compact assemblies. If the components are installed in separate housings, then due to the large high-frequency currents that flow between the coil arrangement and the capacitor bank, greater shielding effort is required compared to the common housing, and due to the high electrical voltages greater insulation effort is required compared to the common housing . It is desirable to provide resonant inductive power transfer systems that allow for a low profile and/or compact implementation. For example, a relatively flat charging pad (eg, in a vehicle) for charging a user device can allow for a significant space saving (eg, in the vehicle). 2

According to various embodiments, coil assemblies and methods for producing them are provided which enable a compact (e.g. a comparatively flat) design of an inductive-resonant energy transmission system (e.g. an energy source, e.g. a load to be charged) by one or more electrical capacitances between coils of the respective Coil arrangement are generated. Clearly, the coil arrangements have functionally integrated capacitances.

Consequently, no additional components are therefore required.

Furthermore, it is desirable to increase the efficiency of resonant-inductive energy transmission systems. According to various embodiments, the coil assemblies exhibit high energy transfer efficiency by reducing coil assembly losses, such as "proximity effect" losses and/or skin effect losses. For this purpose, a coil conductor has a plurality of conductor tracks (connected in parallel with one another). Various embodiments relate to arrangements of the plurality of conductor tracks, as a result of which the proximity effect and/or the skin effect can be additionally reduced. Clearly, the efficiency of the coil arrangement can be increased in this way.

According to various embodiments, a coil arrangement for use as a transmission coil or reception coil in an energy transmission has: a first coil, which has a first coil conductor that is arranged in a plurality of turns, the first coil conductor having a plurality of first conductor tracks; a second coil having a second coil conductor arranged in a plurality of turns, the second coil conductor having a plurality of second traces; and at least one dielectric layer arranged between the first coil and the second coil such that the first coil, the second coil and the at least one dielectric layer form a resonant tank circuit.

Clearly, the coil arrangement has a stacked structure in layers, it being possible for the capacitances required for a resonant oscillating circuit to be generated in the at least one dielectric layer between the coils. A compact coil arrangement for use as a transmission coil or reception coil in an energy transmission is clearly provided. The configuration of the coil conductors as a plurality of conductor tracks (connected in parallel with one another) leads, for example, to a reduction in the skin effect, as a result of which the efficiency of the compact coil arrangement is significantly increased. Various arrangements of the multiple conductive lines described herein 3 result in an additional reduction in skin effect and/or “neighborhood effect”. Clearly, with the same efficiency, an additional reduction in component size and thus an even more compact coil arrangement can be achieved.

Show it

FIGS. 1A, 1B, 3A, 4, 6A, 7A each show a coil arrangement according to different embodiments;

FIG. 2 coil shapes according to various embodiments;

FIGS. 3B, 6B to 6D, 7B and 7C each show exemplary wiring of a coil arrangement according to various embodiments;

FIGS. 5A to 5C each show an exemplary configuration of a plurality of conductor tracks according to various embodiments;

Figure 8A is a graph of an exemplary coil conductor width distribution of a coil conductor as a function of winding position.

FIG. 8B shows a diagram of an exemplary trace width distribution

Traces of a coil conductor as a function of the winding position of the coil conductor.

FIGS. 9A and 9B each show a flow chart of a method for producing a coil arrangement according to various embodiments.

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which specific

Illustrated are embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. In this regard, directional terminology such as "across" is used with reference to the orientation of the character(s) being described. Because components of embodiments can be positioned in a number of different orientations, the directional terminology is used for purposes of illustration and is in no way limiting. An element disposed "over" a side of a substrate may be disposed directly on (eg, in direct physical contact with) the element. It will 4 understood that a substrate as described herein may have multiple layers and/or coatings.

Resonant inductive charging systems can be used for wireless charging of user devices (e.g. smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, etc.). These can be used in vehicles, for example. Resonant inductive charging systems have increased efficiency and longer range compared to inductive charging systems, but require more space. In vehicles, for example, the space and thus the component size is limited. Therefore, it may be desirable or even necessary to reduce the component size of resonant inductive charging systems. Various embodiments relate to coil arrangements for use as a transmission coil or reception coil in energy transmission and methods for producing them, which have a comparatively small component size and increase the efficiency of the resonant-inductive energy transmission. A charging system with such a coil arrangement can, for example, be comparatively flat (i.e. have a small height), whereby it can be designed as a charging pad. A flat charging pad (e.g. with the lateral dimensions of the user device to be charged) can thus be integrated to save space (e.g. in the vehicle). The user devices, such as smartphones and tablets, also have a very limited space and in particular a very limited height within the housing of the user device. The coil arrangements described herein can also be used in the user devices due to the compact design.

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B each show a coil arrangement 100 according to various embodiments. The coil arrangement 100 can serve as a transmitting coil and/or as a receiving coil in an energy transmission (e.g. a resonant-inductive energy transmission). For example, a charging device (e.g., a charging pad) may include coil assembly 100 . For example, a load to be charged (e.g., a user device) may include coil assembly 100 .

The coil arrangement 100 can have a first coil 106s. The first coil 106s may include a first coil conductor 106 . The first coil conductor 106 may be arranged in multiple turns. Clearly, the first coil conductor 106 arranged in a plurality of turns can form the first coil 106s. As shown in the detailed view of FIG. 1A, the first coil conductor 106 may include a plurality of first conductive lines 122 (eg, two conductive lines, eg, three conductive lines, eg, four conductive lines, eg, more than four conductive lines). 5

The coil arrangement 100 can have a second coil 108s. The second coil 108s can have a second coil conductor 108 . The second coil conductor 108 can be arranged in multiple turns. Clearly, the second coil conductor 108 arranged in several turns can form the second coil 108s. As shown in the detailed view of FIG. 1A, the second coil conductor 108 may include a plurality of second conductive traces 123 (e.g., two conductive traces, e.g., three conductive traces, e.g., four conductive traces, e.g., more than four conductive traces).

A coil, as used herein, can be a substantially two-dimensional coil. A two-dimensional (flat) coil can be, for example, a two-dimensionally wound or printed coil. A two-dimensionally wound or printed coil can be or form a flat coil, for example. For example, the coil may be applied to one or more sides of a substrate and/or partially or fully embedded in a material (e.g., a PCB material). A coil as described herein may have any two-dimensional winding form. Exemplary coil shapes are shown in FIG. 2 shown. For example, the coils described herein may have a rectangular shape 202 with 90° corners, a rectangular shape 204 with 45° corners, a rectangular shape 206 with rounded corners, a round shape, etc., or may be elliptical 208 shaped. Clearly, a coil can be round in the form of a spiral or rectangular in the form of a spiral. It will be understood that these shapes are given as examples only and that the coils described herein may have any other shape of arrangement of coils. According to various embodiments, a coil described herein can be formed on a surface of a substrate, and a two-dimensionally wound coil can be wound in a plane substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate. It is understood that windings of a coil described herein can also be arranged over other windings of an essentially two-dimensionally wound air-core coil without significantly impairing the functioning of the resonant circuits described herein. It is noted that the data shown in FIG. 2 show the coil conductor of a coil and that this coil conductor can have a plurality of conductor tracks according to various embodiments. It is understood that in the case of a substantially two-dimensionally wound coil, traces of the coil conductor of a coil may cross (i.e., pass through) a substrate.

According to various embodiments, the coil conductor of a coil described herein can have multiple conductor tracks. These multiple traces 6 may be connected in parallel to each other between an inner coil end portion of the coil conductor and an outer coil end portion of the coil conductor. The plurality of conductive traces may be spatially separated from each other between the inner coil end portion of the coil conductor and the outer coil end portion of the coil conductor. The plurality of conductive traces may be electrically isolated from each other between the inner coil end portion of the coil conductor and the outer coil end portion of the coil conductor.

A coil can have an inner radius, Ri, and an outer radius, Ra. The coil conductor, which forms the coil, can be arranged between the inner radius, Ri, and the outer radius, R _a , in several turns (eg round-spiral or rectangular-spiral). Clearly, a coil conductor that forms a coil can have two coil end sections. An inner coil end portion may be the coil end portion associated with the inner radius, Ri, of the coil. An outer coil end portion may be the coil end portion associated with the outer radius, R _a , of the coil.

Clearly, each conductor track can be arranged in the multiple windings of the coil conductor. Various arrangements of the multiple conductive lines will be described, for example, with reference to Figures 4, 5A to 5C. For example, the plurality of conductive traces may comprise a material with high electrical conductivity, such as copper, silver, gold, etc. Clearly, in one example, a coil described herein may not have a solid copper coil conductor, but rather a plurality of individual copper conductor tracks. This can significantly reduce a loss of the coil due to the skin effect (i.e. that in an electrical conductor through which alternating current flows, a current density in the interior of the conductor is smaller than in an edge area (near the surface)). Clearly, the conductor tracks can have a reduced cross-section, as a result of which a portion of a region of the conductor track in which the current density is reduced, relative to a surface area, becomes smaller. Clearly, the multiple conductor tracks can have a larger surface area compared to a single conductor.

With reference to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the coil assembly 100 may further include at least one dielectric layer 100. FIG. According to various embodiments, the at least one dielectric layer 110 (eg exactly one dielectric layer, eg a plurality of dielectric layers) can be arranged between the first coil 106s and the second coil 108s. The at least one dielectric layer 110 can be such 7 be arranged between the first coil 106s and the second coil 108s, that the first coil 106s, the second coil 108s and the at least one dielectric layer 110 form a resonant oscillating circuit. Illustratively, the resonant tank circuit (also referred to as an LC tank circuit in some aspects) can change the inductance, L, of the first coil 106s and the second coil 108s as well as the alternating current applied to the first coil 106s and the second coil 108s voltage, capacitance, C, formed between the first coil 106s and the second coil 108s in the at least one dielectric layer 110 . Clearly, the at least one dielectric layer 110 can provide or form a capacitor surface. According to various embodiments, the first coil and the second coil can be arranged in direct contact with the at least one dielectric layer. Clearly, one or more electrical capacitances of a resonant oscillating circuit can be generated between winding structures of the coils. Clearly, no additional discrete components are required to generate the capacitances for resonant-inductive energy transmission. Due to the direct integration of the capacitances into the coil structure, less connection technology is required. Due to the direct integration of the capacitances into the coil structure, a number of electrical interfaces are reduced (eg avoided). Due to the direct integration of the capacitances into the coil structure, no additional mechanical fasteners are required to attach discrete components. Due to the direct integration of the capacitances (into the coil structure and/or the division of the coil conductor into a number of conductor tracks), electrical losses are reduced, so that efficiency is increased. Due to the direct integration of the capacitances into the coil structure, the effort required to dissipate thermal losses is reduced. Due to the direct integration of the capacitances into the coil structure, space requirements for a resonant-inductive charging system are significantly reduced. The direct integration of the capacitances into the coil structure as described herein enables a comparatively simple manufacturing process (eg by laminating the layers and substrates) and thus increases efficiency (eg cost efficiency, eg manufacturing time efficiency).

In some embodiments, the first coil 106s and/or the second coil 108s may be disposed directly on the at least one dielectric layer 110 (see, eg, FIG. 1A). In this case, the at least one dielectric layer 110 can be, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB) or a film (eg a printed and/or printable film). For example, the first coil 106s and/or the 8 second coils 108s can each be a circuit printed on the at least one dielectric layer 110.

According to various embodiments, the coil assembly 100 may include a first substrate 102 (see, for example, FIG. 1B). The first coil 106s can be arranged on and/or in the first substrate 102 . For example, the first coil 106s can be arranged on one side or both sides of the first substrate 102 . For example, the first coil 106s can be arranged completely or partially in the first substrate 102 . According to various embodiments, the first substrate 102 may be a first circuit board having the first (e.g., printed) coil 106s. The first substrate 102 may comprise an electrically insulating material, for example.

According to various embodiments, the coil assembly 100 may include a second substrate 104 . The second coil 108s can be arranged on and/or in the second substrate 104 . For example, the second coil 108s can be arranged on one side or both sides of the second substrate 104 . For example, the second coil 108s can be arranged completely or partially in the second substrate 104 . According to various embodiments, the second substrate 104 may be a second circuit board having the second (e.g., printed) coil 108s. The second substrate 104 may comprise an electrically insulating material, for example. The electrically insulating material of the first substrate 102 and/or the electrically insulating material of the second substrate 104 can be or include a fiber-reinforced plastic and/or hard paper. A laminated paper (e.g. FR1, e.g. FR2) may comprise paper and phenolic resin. A laminated paper (e.g. FR3, e.g. CEM1) may comprise paper and epoxy. A fiber-reinforced plastic (e.g. FR4, e.g. FR5) can have a glass fiber fabric, for example.

It is understood that a printed coil, as described herein, has a coil conductor fabricated (e.g., deposited) in multiple turns on and/or in the circuit board by a printing process. A coil arranged on/or in a substrate can be arranged directly on a substrate or can be arranged at least partially in the substrate. For example, a portion of the substrate may be removed (e.g., by an etch process) and the coil may be at least partially disposed in (e.g., deposited in a fabrication process) the removed (e.g., etched) area.

According to various embodiments, the at least one dielectric layer 110 may be arranged between the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 104 . 9

Clearly, the first substrate 102, the at least one dielectric layer 110 and the second substrate 104 can form a multi-layer printed circuit board or a multi-layer printed circuit board can have the first substrate 102, the at least one dielectric layer 110 and the second substrate 104. According to various embodiments, the at least one dielectric layer 110 may be a film composed of a dielectric material arranged between the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 104 . According to various embodiments, the at least one dielectric layer 110 may be a plastic layer composed of a dielectric material arranged between the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 104 . The plastic layer can, for example, be a plastic layer that has been cured in a manufacturing process (see, for example, the description of FIG. 9). According to various embodiments, the at least one dielectric layer 110 may be a glass (e.g., a glass layer) composed of a dielectric material disposed between the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 104 . According to various embodiments, the at least one dielectric layer 110 may be a ceramic (e.g., a ceramic layer) composed of a dielectric material disposed between the first substrate 102 and the second substrate 104 .

A multi-layer arrangement of the at least one dielectric layer 110 between a first substrate 102 with a first coil 106s and a second substrate 104 with a second coil 108s enables a larger spectrum in terms of the selection of the dielectric material compared to directly on the at least one dielectric layer 110 arranged coils. Furthermore, a thickness of the at least one dielectric layer 100 can be set with greater accuracy. Consequently, a dielectric material can be selected which enables high efficiency of the formed resonant circuit. A dielectric loss of a dielectric material can be described using a dielectric loss factor. The dissipation factor may be a ratio of an imaginary part, er", of the complex-valued relative permittivity of the dielectric material and a real part, er, of the complex-valued relative permittivity of the dielectric material (ie, e _r "/e _r '). According to various embodiments, a dielectric material of the at least one dielectric layer 110 may be configured such that it has a dielectric loss factor (ie e _r '7e _r ') less than 0.005 (eg less than 0.0025) in a frequency range of approximately 10 kHz up to about 1000 kHz. Clearly, the imaginary part, er", of the complex-valued relative permittivity of the dielectric material can be at least 200 times smaller than the real part, eR, of the complex-valued relative permittivity of the dielectric material. For example can 10 the dielectric material polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), one or more perfluoroalkoxy polymers (PFA), fluoroethylene-propylene (FEP), polystyrene (PS), etc. have. This leads, for example, to reduced heat loss from the coil arrangement

According to various embodiments, an operating frequency of the coil arrangement 100 can be in a range from approximately 10 kHz to approximately 1000 kHz.

According to various embodiments, a configuration of the first substrate 102 with the first coil 106s arranged thereon may essentially correspond to a configuration of the second substrate 104 with the second coil 108s arranged thereon. For example, these can be manufactured using the same method.

FIG. 3A shows an exploded view 300 of an example coil assembly 100 according to various embodiments. In this example, the first coil 106s may have a rectangular shape and the second coil 108s may have a rectangular shape. For clarity, the exploded view 300 does not show the plurality of first conductive traces 122 of the first coil conductor 106 and the plurality of second conductive traces 123 of the second coil conductor 108 (see FIG. 1A, for example).

According to various embodiments, each coil described herein may include an inner coil end portion of the coil conductor and an outer coil end portion of the coil conductor. For example, the first coil conductor 106 may have an inner coil end portion 106i and an outer coil end portion 106a. For example, the second coil conductor 108 may have an inner coil end portion 108i and an outer coil end portion 108a.

An exemplary wiring of the coil arrangement 100 according to various embodiments is shown in FIG. 3B. According to various embodiments, the coil assembly 100 may include an operating circuit. The coil arrangement 100 can have at least one first connecting conductor. The at least one first connection conductor can electrically conductively connect the operating circuit to the inner coil end portion 106i ("A" in FIG. 3B) of the first coil conductor 106 . The coil arrangement 100 can have at least one second connecting conductor. The at least one second connection conductor can electrically conduct the operating circuit with the outer coil end portion 108a (“B” in FIG. 3B) of the second coil conductor 108 11 connect. According to various embodiments, the coil arrangement 100 can be used in a transmission coil and the operating circuit can be set up in such a way that an alternating current provided to the operating circuit and/or an alternating voltage provided to the operating circuit can be fed into the inner coil end section 106i of the first coil conductor 106 and by means of the at least one second connecting conductor are coupled into the outer coil end section 108a of the second coil conductor 108. For example, the coil assembly 100 may include or be coupled to a power/voltage supply 302 . The current/voltage supply can be set up to provide the alternating current or the alternating voltage to the operating circuit. According to various embodiments, the coil arrangement 100 can be used in a receiving coil and the operating circuit can be set up in such a way that alternating current and/or alternating voltage can be drawn from the inner coil end section 106i of the first coil conductor 106 by means of the first connecting conductor and from the outer coil end section 108a of the second coil conductor 108 can be decoupled by means of the second connecting conductor. For example, the coil assembly 100 may include or be coupled to at least one battery. The operating circuit can be set up to provide the alternating current or the alternating voltage to the at least one battery. It is understood that the described assignment of the inner coil end section to the first coil conductor and of the outer coil end section to the second coil conductor is exemplary and can also be the other way around.

FIG. 4 shows a section of the coil arrangement 100 according to various embodiments. In this example, the first coil 106s has a rectangular shape. Various example configurations of the plurality of conductive lines (e.g., the plurality of first conductive lines 122, e.g., the plurality of second conductive lines 123) according to various embodiments are illustrated in FIG. 5A through FIG. 5C.

Each coil conductor described herein (eg, first coil conductor 106, eg, second coil conductor 108) may be arranged in multiple turns, i=lI, where I may be any natural integer greater than or equal to "1". Each turn of the multiple turns may have a respective coil conductor width, Wi. The coil conductor width, Wi, may also be referred to as the turn width (such as in FIGS. 8A and 8B). According to various embodiments, an arrangement of the plurality of conductive traces may define a coil conductor width, Wi, of the coil conductor (eg, in the x-direction in sectional view AA in FIG. 4). According to various embodiments, a 12 coil conductor described herein have different coil conductor widths, Wi, in the multiple turns, i=lI (e.g. W ii^Ni ^A\5 ^Wi

be). An exemplary distribution of coil conductor widths is shown in FIG. 8A. For example, the first coil conductor 106 may have a first coil conductor width, Wi , in a first turn, i=1, of the plurality of turns, and a second coil conductor width, W2 , different from the first coil conductor width, Wi , in a second turn, i=2 (ie W1AW2).

According to various embodiments, each substrate described herein may have a first side and a second side opposite the first side. For example, the first substrate 102 may have a first side 124 and a second side 126 opposite the first side.

Various configurations (e.g. arrangements) of multiple conductor tracks are described below. It is understood that both the plurality of first conductive lines 122 and the plurality of second conductive lines 123 can be configured in this way.

For example, the plurality of conductive traces may be disposed only on (and optionally at least partially in) one side of the associated substrate. For example, the multiple conductive lines may be arranged substantially parallel to each other. An example of this is shown in FIG. 5A for four conductive lines, where a first conductive line 122(1), a second conductive line 122(2), a third conductive line 122(3) and a fourth conductive line 122(4) may be arranged substantially in parallel.

According to various embodiments, each conductive line of the plurality of conductive lines can extend alternately on both sides (ie alternately on the first side and on the second side) of the associated substrate. Sections of the respective conductor track can be electrically conductively connected to one another through the substrate. As used herein, "extending alternately on both sides of the associated substrate" can be understood to mean that first conductor track sections of the respective conductor track are arranged on the first side of the associated substrate and that second conductor track sections of the conductor track are arranged on the second side of the associated substrate are arranged. The first conductor track sections and the second conductor track sections of the respective first conductor track can be electrically conductively connected to one another by means of plated-through holes through the associated substrate. Exemplary configurations for this are shown in FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C. According to various 13

In the cross-section of the coil conductor, embodiments may have two or more conductive traces on the first side and two or more other conductive traces on the second side. In this way, the coil conductor can have more conductor tracks compared to an extension on only one side of the substrate (while the coil conductor width, Wi, and conductor track width remain the same). For example, the one shown in FIG. 5B and the coil conductor shown in FIG. The coil conductor shown in Figure 5C has five traces. In contrast, a parallel arrangement of the conductor tracks on one side of the substrate would allow only three conductor tracks (with the same coil conductor width, Wi, and constant conductor track width). For example, as shown in FIG. 5B, the first conductive line sections and the second conductive line sections can have the same length. The first conductor track sections can therefore each have the same length, the second conductor track sections can each have the same length, and the first conductor track sections can have the same length as the second conductor track sections.

According to various embodiments, each section of a respective interconnect of the plurality of interconnects arranged on the first side of the substrate can be connected to a preceding section of the interconnect arranged on the second side of the substrate and a subsequent section of the interconnect arranged on the second side of the substrate by means of a respective contact ( eg a via) can be electrically conductively connected through the substrate, and vice versa. Clearly, first conductor track sections of a respective conductor track can be arranged on the first side of the associated substrate and second conductor track sections of the respective conductor track can be arranged on the second side of the associated substrate. These first conductor track sections and second conductor track sections can be connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner by means of plated-through holes through the substrate. FIG. 5B shows an exemplary configuration 504 of a plurality of first conductive lines 122 according to various embodiments, wherein each first conductive line portion arranged on the first side 124 of the first substrate 102 comprises each first conductive line (e.g. the conductive lines 122(1), 122(2), 122(3 ), 122(4), etc.) of the plurality of first interconnects 122 can be electrically conductively connected to a preceding second interconnect section and a subsequent second interconnect section on the second side 126 of the first substrate 102 by means of a respective contacting 510. Clearly, a plurality of first interconnect sections 524 of a respective interconnect can be arranged on the first side 124 of the first substrate 102 and a plurality of second interconnect sections 526 of the interconnect can be arranged on the second side 126 of the first substrate 102 . As an illustrative example, a first conductive line portion 122(lb) of a first conductive line 122(1) of FIG 14 a plurality of first conductor tracks 122 with a preceding second conductor track section 122(la) of the (continuous) first conductor track 122(1) arranged on the second side 126 of the first substrate 102 by means of a contacting 510(ab) through the first substrate 102 electrically be conductively connected. The first conductor track portion 122(lb) of the first conductor track 122(1) arranged on the first side 124 of the first substrate 102 can be connected to a subsequent second conductor track portion 122(1 c) of the (continuous ) first conductor track 122(1) can be electrically conductively connected through first substrate 102 by means of a contacting 510(bc). Clearly, the conductor tracks on the first side and on the second side of the substrate can form an intertwined structure. In such an arrangement, each conductive trace of the plurality of conductive traces is disposed between exactly two other conductive traces of the plurality of conductive traces over the entire length of the coil conductor. This leads, for example, to an essentially equal influence of adjacent conductor tracks on the respective conductor track of the plurality of conductor tracks. In this way, the proximity effect on the multiple conductor tracks can be reduced (eg minimized). Essentially the same interlinked flux acts on each interconnect of the plurality of interconnects, as a result of which potential differences between the interconnects are reduced.

FIG. 5B further shows that the arrangement of the plurality of first conductive traces 122 may define a coil conductor width, Wi, of the first coil conductor 106 (in the x-direction). According to various embodiments, the plurality of conductor tracks can each be arranged obliquely in sections to a longitudinal direction (e.g. the y-direction in FIG. 5B) of a respective turn, i, of the coil conductor (e.g. the first coil conductor 106 or the second coil conductor 108). In this case, the plurality of conductor tracks can run essentially parallel to one another in sections. For example, the portions 524 located on the first side may be substantially parallel to each other. For example, the portions 526 located on the second side may be substantially parallel to each other. According to various embodiments, the plurality of conductive lines (e.g., the plurality of first conductive lines 122, e.g., the plurality of second conductive lines 123) may be oriented at an angle in a range from about 10° to about 35° to the longitudinal direction (e.g., the y-direction in FIG. 5B). of a respective turn, i, of the coil conductor (e.g., the first coil conductor 106 and the second coil conductor 108, respectively).

The expression that the multiple conductor tracks each run “in sections at an angle” to a longitudinal direction of the respective winding can be understood to mean that the 15 first conductor track sections of the multiple conductor tracks are arranged obliquely to the longitudinal direction and that the second conductor track sections of the multiple conductor tracks are arranged obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the respective turn of the first coil conductor.

The expression that the multiple conductor tracks run “substantially parallel in sections” to one another can be understood to mean that the first conductor track sections of the multiple conductor tracks run parallel to one another and that the second conductor track sections of the multiple conductor tracks run parallel to one another.

According to various embodiments, the plurality of conductive lines may change their position relative to each other in a repeating pattern. The multiple conductor tracks can change their position relative to one another in such a way that for each conductor track the total length of all sections in which the respective conductor track is arranged between two adjacent conductor tracks is essentially the same. For example, each conductive line of the plurality of conductive lines may have first sections in which the conductive line is arranged adjacent to exactly one other conductive line of the plurality of conductive lines and may have second sections in which the respective conductive line is arranged adjacent to exactly two other conductive lines of the plurality of conductive lines. According to various embodiments, all of the first sections of each conductive line may have a respective total length, and the respective total length of the first sections may be substantially the same for all conductive lines of the plurality of conductive lines. According to various embodiments, all second portions of each conductive line may have a respective total length, and the respective total length of the second portions may be substantially the same for all conductive lines of the plurality of conductive lines. A configuration 506 for this is shown in FIG. 5C by way of example for a plurality of first conductor tracks. According to various embodiments, a conductive line (e.g., conductive lines 122(1), e.g., conductive line 122(2), e.g., conductive line 122(3)) may have first portions in which the conductive line is adjacent to only one other conductive line, and second portions, in which the trace is adjacent to exactly two other traces. Such an arrangement can be made possible by the fact that each conductor track is arranged alternately on a first side of a substrate (e.g. the first side 124 of the first substrate 102) and on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side (e.g. the second side 126 of the first substrate 102 ) is arranged and is electrically conductively connected through the substrate by means of respective contacts (eg the contacts 510). A total length of all first sections of a trace, in which the trace only 16 adjacent to another conductive line may be substantially the same for each conductive line of the plurality of conductive lines. A total length of all second sections of a trace in which the trace is adjacent to exactly two other traces may be substantially the same for each trace of the plurality of traces. Clearly, each trace can have an equal portion of a total length of the coil conductor in which the trace is adjacent to only one other trace, and each coil conductor can be adjacent to exactly two other traces for the remaining portion of the total length of the coil conductor. In such an arrangement, viewed over the entire length of the coil conductor, the same magnetic field, which is generated by a current flowing in the adjacent conductor tracks, acts on each conductor track of the plurality of conductor tracks on average. This leads, for example, to an essentially equal influence of the adjacent conductor tracks on the respective conductor track of the plurality of conductor tracks. In this way, the proximity effect on the multiple conductor tracks can be reduced (eg minimized).

According to various embodiments, a coil arrangement can have a plurality of substrates, each with coils arranged thereon. The multiple substrates may be stacked on top of each other. A configuration of the coil or an arrangement of the coil on and/or in a substrate can be essentially analogous to the coil arrangement 100 .

FIG. 6A shows a coil arrangement 600 for use as a transmission coil or reception coil in an energy transmission according to various embodiments.

The coil assembly 600 may include a plurality of substrates 602 (n=1 to N). The plurality of substrates 602 (n=1 to N) may be stacked (eg, in the z-direction) (where N may be any natural integer greater than or equal to two). Each substrate 602(n) of the plurality of substrates 602(n=1 to N) may be associated with one coil 606s(n) of a plurality of coils 606s(n=1 to N). Each coil 606s(n) of the plurality of coils 606s(n=1 to N) may have a respective coil conductor 606(n) of a plurality of coil conductors 606(n=1 to N). Each coil conductor 606(n) of the plurality of coil conductors 606(n=1 to N) may be arranged in multiple turns and may include multiple traces, such as described with respect to the coil assembly 100 . Each conductive line of the plurality of conductive lines of a coil conductor can be arranged alternately on a first side and on a second side, opposite the first side, of the associated substrate of the plurality of substrates 602 (n=1 to N). For example, the multiple traces can be as with 17

Referring to FIG. 5B and/or FIG. 5C described. According to various embodiments, at least one dielectric layer 610(n) of a plurality of dielectric layers 610(n=l to N-l). According to various embodiments, the respective two adjacent substrates 602(n), 602(n+l) of the plurality of substrates 602(n=l to N) associated coils 606s(n), 606s(n+l) and those between the two adjacent substrates 602(n), 602(n+l) arranged at least one dielectric layer 610(n) each form a resonant oscillating circuit. This clearly shows that if the coil conductor 606(n) of a coil 606s(n) is arranged alternately on both sides of the associated substrate (i.e., for example, first conductor track sections arranged on the first side and second conductor track sections arranged on the second side Alternating portions of a respective conductive trace), the coil 606s(n) may serve to generate a respective capacitance, C, in both dielectric layers 610(n), 610(n-l) adjacent to the associated substrate 602(n).

Exemplary connections 630, 650 of the coil arrangement 600 are shown in FIG. 6B and FIG. 6D shown. According to various embodiments, the coil assembly 100 may include an operating circuit (e.g., as described with reference to FIG. 3B. The coil assembly 600 may include a plurality of connecting conductors. The operating circuit may be electrically conductive by means of a respective connecting conductor of the plurality of connecting conductors with an inner coil end portion of the one coil conductor 606(n) and to the outer coil end section of the other coil conductor 606(n+l), which form a respective resonant oscillating circuit Clearly, an alternating current or an alternating voltage can be applied alternately to the inner coil end section and the outer coil end section of the coil conductors 606 (n=1 to N) arranged one above the other. Clearly, the alternating current or the alternating voltage can be applied to the plurality of coils 606s (n=1 to N) in the scheme ABAB (see FIG. 6B). According to various embodiments, the alternating current or voltage can be applied to the plurality of coils 606s (n=1 to N) by means of the operating circuit and the plurality of connection conductors in the scheme ABBA (see FIG. 6D). It is understood that the operating circuit is electrically connected to the respective inner coil end portions (A) and the respective outer coil end portions (B) by means of associated connection conductors 18 can be conductively connected. If the alternating current or the alternating voltage is applied to the plurality of coils 606s (n=1 to N) in the scheme ABBA, this produces in every second at least one dielectric layer (ie in every at least one dielectric layer its associated coils either both an alternating current or alternating voltage applied to the inner coil end section (A) or both an alternating current or alternating voltage applied to the outer coil end section (B) have essentially no potential difference, whereby, for example, the material of these dielectric layers and / or a layer thickness of this is essentially irrelevant for the function of the coil assembly. Both the ABAB scheme and the ABBA scheme result in a total inductance of the plurality of coils 606s (n=1 to N) such as shown in FIG. 6C.

FIG. 7A shows a coil arrangement 700 for use as a transmission coil or reception coil in an energy transmission according to various embodiments.

The coil assembly 700 may include a plurality of tank circuit stacks (eg, N number of tank circuit stacks with M greater than or equal to 1). The resonant circuit stacks of the multiplicity of resonant circuit stacks can be arranged one above the other (for example in the z direction). Each tank circuit stack of the plurality of tank circuit stacks may be configured similar to coil assembly 100 . For example, each tank stack, m, of the plurality of tank circuit stacks, m=1 through M, a first substrate 702(m), a first coil 706s(m) disposed on and/or in the first substrate 702(m) and having a first coil conductor 706(m) arranged in several turns, a second substrate 704(m), a second coil 708s(m) arranged on and/or in the second substrate 704(m), which has a second coil conductor 708 arranged in several turns (m) and at least one dielectric layer 710(m) disposed between the first coil 706s(m) and the second coil 708s(m). The first coil 706s(m), the at least one dielectric layer 710(m), and the second coil 708s(m) of each tank circuit stack, m, of the plurality of tank circuit stacks, m=1 to M, may form a respective resonant tank circuit. According to various embodiments, the coil arrangement 700 can have a multiplicity of electrically non-conductive layers 720 . According to various embodiments, at least one electrically non-conductive layer 710(m, m+1) of the multiplicity of electrically non-conductive layers can be arranged in each case between two adjacent resonant circuit stacks m, m+1. 19

In various exemplary embodiments, the electrically non-conductive layer can comprise a dielectric material (see, for example, FIG. 6A).

An exemplary interconnection 730 of the coil arrangement 700 is shown in FIG. 7B. According to various embodiments, similar to coil assembly 100 and coil assembly 600, coil assembly 700 may include operating circuitry and a plurality of connection conductors. Using the operating circuit, an alternating current or an alternating voltage can be coupled into and/or decoupled from respective coil end sections (e.g. inner coil end sections and/or outer coil end sections) of the coil conductors of the coil arrangement 700 by means of the plurality of connecting conductors. According to various embodiments, the operating circuit can be connected by means of a respective connecting conductor to the inner coil end portion, A, of the first coil 706s(m) to the outer coil end portion, B, of the second coil 708s(m) of each second stacked resonant circuit stack (m, m+2, m+4, etc.) of the multiplicity of resonant circuit stacks, m=1 to M, be electrically conductively connected. The operating circuit by means of a respective connecting conductor to the outer coil-end portion, B, of the first coil 706s(m) and to the inner coil-end portion, A, of the second coil 708s(m) of each other tank circuit stack (m+1, m+3, m+5 , etc.) of the multiplicity of resonant circuit stacks, m=l to M, be electrically conductively connected. Alternating current or alternating voltage can be applied to the coils in the diagram A-B-B-A. For example, the A-B-B-A scheme results in a total inductance of all coils such as that shown in FIG. 7C.

According to various embodiments, a desired total capacitance of the respective coil arrangement 100, 600, 700 for use as a transmitting coil or receiving coil in an energy transmission can be set using one or more parameters from the following group of parameters: an effective area, a dielectric material, the at least one dielectric layer, a thickness of the at least one dielectric layer and a respective type of interconnection (e.g. according to the scheme A-B-A-B or according to the scheme A-B-B-A as described herein). The effective area can depend on a number of substrates, a conductor track width (or a conductor track width distribution) and/or a coil conductor width (or a coil conductor width distribution).

According to various embodiments, a desired total inductance of the respective coil arrangement 100, 600, 700 for use as a transmission coil or 20

receiving coil can be set during an energy transfer using one or more parameters from the following group of parameters: a number of substrates, a number of turns, a coil conductor width (or a coil conductor width distribution), a respective distance between the turns of a coil conductor and/or or a respective area of the coils (e.g. defined by the outer radius,

Ra).

As described herein, each coil conductor (e.g., first coil conductor 106, e.g., second coil conductor 108, e.g., coil conductor 606(n), e.g., coil conductor 706(m), e.g., coil conductor 708(m)) in multiple turns, i=l-I , and the respective coil conductor may have a respective coil conductor width, Wi, in each turn of the plurality of turns. The coil conductor widths, Wi (with i=1 to I), can be different from each other.

FIG. 8A shows a diagram 802 of an exemplary coil conductor width distribution of a coil conductor according to various embodiments (e.g. the first coil conductor 106, e.g. the second coil conductor 108, e.g. a coil conductor 606(n), e.g. a coil conductor 706(m), e.g. a coil conductor 708(m )) as a function of winding position. The winding position can indicate the respective winding between the inner radius, Ri, of the coil, which is formed by the coil conductor, and the outer radius, Ra, of the coil (e.g. in the x-direction, e.g. in the y-direction).

According to various embodiments, a coil conductor width, Wi , of a coil conductor can vary from one turn, i _m , in a central portion of the coil (ie, i _m 7-1 and im ) toward the inner coil end portion of the coil conductor (ie, in direction i=l) and decreases toward the outer coil end portion of the coil conductor (ie, toward i=I). FIG. 8A shows this by way of example for 11 turns (ie 1=11) of a coil conductor, with the turn i=8 having the greatest coil conductor width, Ws. In this exemplary coil conductor width distribution, the coil conductor widths become progressively smaller toward the inner coil end portion (ie, toward the inner radius, Ri, of the coil) and toward the outer coil end portion (ie, toward the outer radius, R _a , of the coil). smaller. According to various embodiments, the coil conductor widths can become suddenly smaller.

Clearly, a turn section (eg, the section shown in FIG. 8A) of a turn, i, of the plurality of turns, i=1 to I, of the coil conductor can be placed between a first adjacent turn section of another turn, i-1, and a second 21

turn section of yet another turn, i+1. According to various embodiments, a distance of the winding section of the winding, i, from the first neighboring winding section of the other winding, i-1, can be different from a distance of the winding section of the winding, i, to the second neighboring winding section of the still other winding, i+1.

According to various embodiments, the plurality of conductive traces of the coil conductor may be as with reference to FIG. 5A through FIG. 5C can be arranged as described. For example, the plurality of conductive traces may be alternately arranged on the first side and on the second side of the associated substrate (see, for example, FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C).

According to various embodiments, a pitch between two adjacent turns (e.g., between turn i and turn i+1) may be different than at least one other pitch of two adjacent turns (e.g., between turn i+1 and turn i+2). According to various embodiments, the spacing between each adjacent coil of the plurality of coils may be different from each other.

By means of such a coil conductor width variation, the influence of the "neighborhood effect" on the conductor tracks in the multiple turns of the coil conductor can be reduced.

As described herein, each coil conductor (eg, first coil conductor 106, eg, second coil conductor 108, eg, coil conductor 606(n), eg, coil conductor 706(m), eg, coil conductor 708(m)) may have multiple traces, j=l to J, (where J can be any natural integer greater than or equal to two). Each trace, j, of the plurality of traces, j=l through J, may have a respective trace width, sy, in each turn, i, of the plurality of turns, i=l through l. As used herein, “track width in a turn” may be understood to mean that the track has that track width in at least 90% or more (eg, at least 95% or more) of the turn. Clearly, the conductor track can essentially have this conductor track width along the winding. The trace width, s , may also be referred to as the trace width (such as in FIGS. 8A and 8B). According to various embodiments, the trace widths, sy, of a respective trace, j, in the plurality of turns, i=l to I, may differ from one another. For example, a trace portion of a trace, j, of the plurality of traces, 22 j=l to J, of the coil conductor between a first adjacent trace portion of another trace,j-1, of the plurality of traces, j=l to J, of the coil conductor and a second adjacent trace portion of yet another trace, j+1, of the plurality of conductor tracks, j=l to J, of the coil conductor. According to various embodiments, a distance of the trace section of the trace, j, to the first neighboring trace section of the other trace, j-1, can be different from a distance of the trace section of the trace, j, to the second neighboring trace section of the still other trace, j+1.

FIG. 8B shows a diagram 832 of an exemplary trace width distribution of a trace of a coil conductor (e.g. the first coil conductor 106, e.g. the second coil conductor 108, e.g. a coil conductor 606(n), e.g. a coil conductor 706(m), e.g. a coil conductor 708(m) ) according to various embodiments as a function of winding position.

According to various embodiments, the trace widths, sy , of the multiple traces, j=l to j, of a coil conductor within the same turn, i , may differ from one another. FIG.8B shows this as an example for 11 turns (i.e. 1=11) of a coil conductor which has 5 conductor tracks (i.e. J=5).

According to various embodiments, the plurality of conductive traces of the coil conductor may be as with reference to FIG. 5A through FIG. 5C can be arranged as described. For example, the plurality of conductive traces may be arranged alternately on both sides (e.g., in alternating first-side and second-side portions) of the associated substrate (see, for example, FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C).

The influence of the “neighborhood effect” on the individual conductor tracks can be reduced by means of such a conductor track width variation.

According to various embodiments, a distance between two adjacent conductive lines (eg between conductive line j and conductive line j+1) can be different from at least one other distance between two adjacent conductive lines (eg between conductive line j+1 and conductive line j+2). According to various embodiments, the distances between all adjacent traces within the same turn, i, of the multiple turns, i=1 to I, may be different from each other. 23

FIG. 9A shows a flowchart 900A of a method for manufacturing a coil assembly (e.g., the coil assembly 100) according to various embodiments.

The method may include forming a first coil on a first side of a dielectric layer (or a layer stack of multiple dielectric layers) (in 902A). The first coil can have a first coil conductor, which can be arranged in a plurality of turns. The first coil conductor can have a plurality of first conductor tracks.

The method may include forming a second coil on an opposite side of the dielectric layer (or layer stack of multiple dielectric layers) from the first side (in 904A). The second coil can have a second coil conductor, which can be arranged in several turns. The second coil conductor can have a plurality of second conductor tracks.

According to various embodiments, the first coil, the dielectric layer (or the layer stack composed of a plurality of dielectric layers) and the second coil can form a resonant oscillating circuit.

FIG. 9B shows a flowchart 900B of a method for manufacturing a coil assembly (e.g., coil assembly 100, e.g., coil assembly 600, e.g., coil assembly 700) according to various embodiments.

The method may include forming a first coil on or in a first substrate (in 902B). The first coil can have a first coil conductor, which can be arranged in a plurality of turns. The first coil conductor can have a plurality of first conductor tracks. The plurality of first conductive traces may be alternately disposed on a first side of the first substrate and on a second side of the first substrate opposite the first side (e.g., as described with reference to FIGS. 5B and 5C).

The method may include forming a second coil on a second substrate (in 904B). The second coil can have a second coil conductor, which can be arranged in several turns. The second coil conductor can have a plurality of second conductor tracks. The plurality of second conductive lines can alternately be on a first side of the second substrate and on one of the first side 24 on the opposite second side of the second substrate (eg, as described with reference to FIGS. 5B and 5C).

The method may include forming at least one dielectric layer between the first substrate and the second substrate (in 906B). According to various embodiments, the at least one dielectric layer can be formed between the first substrate and the second substrate in such a way that the first coil, the at least one dielectric layer and the second coil form a resonant oscillating circuit. According to various embodiments, a curable plastic layer can be deposited on the first substrate or the second substrate, the respective other substrate can be arranged over the curable plastic layer, and the plastic layer can then be cured. Clearly, a layer stack can be formed in this way from the first substrate, the plastic layer and the second substrate. The plastic layer can form the at least one dielectric layer or be part of it. According to various embodiments, a film may be laminated between the first substrate and the second substrate and the film may form or be part of the at least one dielectric layer.

According to various embodiments, a respective coil, which has a coil conductor with a plurality of conductor tracks, can be formed on or in an associated substrate of a plurality of substrates, the conductor tracks being alternately on a first side and on a second side, opposite the first side, of the associated substrate are arranged. According to various embodiments, an associated dielectric layer (or a layer stack composed of a plurality of dielectric layers) can be formed between two substrates of the plurality of substrates. For example, the layer stack 600 can be formed in this way. According to various embodiments, either an associated dielectric layer (or a layer stack composed of a plurality of dielectric layers) or an electrically non-conductive layer can be formed alternately in each case between two substrates of the plurality of substrates. For example, the layer stack 700 can be formed in this way.

For example, first foils can form the dielectric layers and second foils the electrically non-conductive layers. According to various embodiments, the substrates of the plurality of substrates and first foils and/or the second foils can be arranged one on top of the other and laminated. 25

For example, the dielectric layers and/or the electrically non-conductive layers can be formed using thermosetting plastics. In this case, thermosetting resin layers can be formed between the substrates of the plurality of substrates, and the thermosetting resin layers can be cured in a common treatment (e.g., a temperature treatment).

Various examples are provided below that describe one or more aspects of the coil assemblies 100, 600, 700 and the methods 900A, 900B. It is understood that aspects described in relation to a coil assembly may also apply to the methods, and vice versa. For example, elements described in relation to the coil assembly may be manufactured in a respective method accordingly.

Example 1 is a coil arrangement for use as a transmitting coil or receiving coil in energy transmission, the coil arrangement comprising: a first (e.g. printed) coil which has a first coil conductor which is arranged in a plurality of turns, the first coil conductor having a plurality of first conductor tracks, a second (e.g. printed) coil having a second coil conductor arranged in a plurality of turns, the second coil conductor having a plurality of second traces; and at least one dielectric layer arranged between the first coil and the second coil such that the first coil, the second coil and the at least one dielectric layer form a resonant tank circuit.

In example 2, the subject matter according to example 1 can optionally further comprise that a dielectric material of the at least one dielectric layer is configured such that it has a dielectric loss factor (defined as e/7e/) less than 0.005 in a frequency range of approximately 10 kHz up to about 1000 kHz. Clearly, a ratio of an imaginary part, er", the complex-valued relative permittivity of the dielectric material and a real part, e _r ', the complex-valued relative permittivity of the dielectric material can be less than 0.005 in a frequency range from about 10 kHz to about 1000 kHz.

In example 3, the article according to example 1 or 2 can optionally further comprise that the dielectric material comprises polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, . . . , and/or .

In example 4, the object according to one of examples 1 to 3 can optionally further comprise that the at least one dielectric layer is a film, a printed circuit board or 26 has a hardened plastic layer consisting of a dielectric material.

In example 5, the article according to any one of examples 1 to 4 can optionally further comprise the first coil being a two-dimensional coil and/or wherein the second coil is a two-dimensional coil.

In Example 6, the subject matter according to any one of Examples 1 to 5 can optionally further comprise that the coil arrangement further comprises: a first substrate, the first coil (e.g. on one side or both sides) on and/or in (e.g. completely or partially in) the first substrate is arranged, and a second substrate, wherein the second coil is arranged (e.g. on one side or both sides) on and/or in (e.g. completely or partially in) the second substrate; wherein the at least one dielectric layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

In Example 7, the subject matter of Example 6 can optionally further include the first substrate being a first printed circuit board (PCB).

In example 8, the article according to example 6 or 7 can optionally further comprise that the first substrate comprises an electrically insulating material.

In example 9, the article according to example 8 can optionally further comprise that the electrically insulating material is or comprises a fiber-reinforced plastic or a laminated paper.

In example 10, the subject matter according to any one of examples 6 to 9 can optionally further have that each first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines extends on both sides (e.g. alternately on both sides) of the first substrate and wherein sections of the respective first conductive line are electrically conductive with one another through the substrate are connected.

In Example 11, the subject matter of any of Examples 6-10 can optionally further include the first substrate having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, and wherein first conductive trace portions of a respective first conductive trace of the plurality of first conductive traces are arranged on the first side of the first substrate and wherein second conductor track sections of the first conductor track are arranged on the second side of the first substrate. The plurality of first conductor tracks can extend on both sides of the first substrate in such a way that in 27

Cross section of the first coil conductor, two or more first conductor tracks are arranged on the first side and two or more other first conductor tracks are arranged on the second side.

In example 12, the subject matter according to example 11 can optionally also have that the first conductor track sections and second conductor track sections of the respective first conductor track are electrically conductively connected to one another by means of vias through the substrate.

In Example 13, the subject matter according to one of Examples 6 to 12 can optionally further have that the plurality of first conductor tracks are each arranged obliquely in sections to a longitudinal direction of a respective turn of the first coil conductor and that the plurality of first conductor tracks run essentially parallel to one another in sections. For example, the first trace sections of the plurality of first traces can be arranged obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the respective turn of the first coil conductor and the second trace sections of the plurality of first traces can be arranged obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the respective turn of the first coil conductor. For example, the first conductive line sections of the plurality of first conductive lines may run parallel to one another and the second conductive line sections of the plurality of first conductive lines may run parallel to one another.

In Example 14, the subject matter of any of Examples 6-13 can optionally further include the plurality of first conductive lines changing relative to one another in a repeating pattern.

In Example 15, the subject matter of any of Examples 6-14 can optionally further include the second substrate being a second printed circuit board (PCB).

In example 16, the article according to any one of examples 6 to 15 can optionally further comprise the second substrate comprising an electrically insulating material.

In example 17, the article according to example 16 can optionally further comprise that the electrically insulating material is or comprises a fiber reinforced plastic or a laminated paper.

In Example 18, the subject matter of any one of Examples 6-17 can optionally further include every other conductive line of the plurality of second conductive lines 28 extends alternately on both sides of the second substrate and sections of the respective second conductor track are electrically conductively connected to one another through the substrate.

In Example 19, the subject matter of any of Examples 6-18 can optionally further include the second substrate having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, and wherein first conductive trace portions of a respective second conductive trace of the plurality of second conductive traces are arranged on the first side of the second substrate and wherein second conductor track sections of the second conductor track are arranged on the second side of the second substrate. The plurality of second conductor tracks can extend on both sides of the second substrate in such a way that, in the cross section of the second coil conductor, two or more second conductor tracks are arranged on the first side of the second substrate and two or more other second conductor tracks are arranged on the second side of the second substrate.

In example 20, the subject matter according to example 19 can optionally also have that the first conductor track sections and second conductor track sections of the respective second conductor track are electrically conductively connected to one another by means of vias through the second substrate.

In Example 21, the subject matter according to one of Examples 6 to 20 can optionally further have that the plurality of second conductor tracks are each arranged obliquely in sections to a longitudinal direction of a respective turn of the second coil conductor and that the plurality of second conductor tracks run substantially parallel to one another in sections. For example, the first conductive trace portions of the plurality of second conductive traces may be slanted to the longitudinal direction of each turn of the second coil conductor and the second conductive trace portions of the plurality of second conductive traces may be skewed to the longitudinal direction of each turn of the second coil conductor. For example, the first conductive line portions of the plurality of second conductive lines may run parallel to one another and the second conductive line portions of the plurality of second conductive lines may run parallel to one another.

In Example 22, the subject matter of any one of Examples 6-21 can optionally further include the plurality of second conductive lines changing relative to one another in a repeating pattern. 29

In Example 23, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 to 22 may optionally further include each first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines having first sections in which the respective first conductive line is arranged adjacent to exactly one other first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines, and wherein each first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines has second sections in which the respective first conductive line is arranged adjacent to exactly two other first conductive lines of the plurality of first conductive lines

In Example 24, the subject matter of Example 23 may optionally further include the sum of the lengths of all first portions of a respective first conductive line defining an overall length, and where the respective overall length is substantially the same for all first conductive lines

In Example 25, the subject matter of Example 23 or 24 may optionally further include the sum of the lengths of all second portions of a respective first conductive trace defining an overall length, and where the respective overall length is substantially the same for all first conductive traces

In Example 26, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 to 25 may optionally further include the arrangement of the plurality of first conductive traces defining a coil conductor width of the first coil conductor, wherein the first coil conductor has a first coil conductor width in a first turn of the plurality of turns, and wherein the first Coil conductor in a second turn of the plurality of turns has a second coil conductor width different from the first coil conductor width.

In Example 27, the subject matter of Example 26 may optionally further include the first coil conductor having a third coil conductor width in a third turn of the plurality of turns, the third turn of the first coil conductor being disposed between the first turn and the second turn of the first coil conductor, and wherein the third coil conductor width is greater than the first coil conductor width and greater than the second coil conductor width.

In Example 28, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 through 27 can optionally further comprise a turn portion of one turn of the plurality of turns of the first coil conductor between a first adjacent turn portion of another turn of the plurality of turns of the first coil conductor and a second adjacent turn portion of a yet another turn of the multiple turns of the first 30

Coil conductor is located, and wherein a distance of the turn portion from the first adjacent turn portion is different from a distance of the turn portion from the second adjacent turn portion.

In Example 29, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 to 28 may optionally further include a trace portion of a first trace of the first plurality of traces of the first coil conductor between a first adjacent trace portion of another first trace of the first plurality of traces of the first coil conductor and a second adjacent trace portion of yet another first trace of the plurality of first traces of the first coil conductor, and wherein a spacing of the trace portion from the first adjacent trace portion is different than a spacing of the trace portion from the second adjacent trace portion.

In Example 30, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 to 29 may optionally further include the first coil conductor having an inner coil end portion and an outer coil end portion, the plurality of first conductive traces of the first coil conductor being between the inner coil end portion of the first coil conductor and the outer coil end portion of the first coil conductor are connected in parallel to each other.

In Example 31, the subject matter of Example 30 may optionally further include the plurality of first conductive traces being spatially separated from each other between the inner coil end portion of the first coil conductor and the outer coil end portion of the first coil conductor.

In Example 32, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 to 31 may optionally further include each second conductive line of the plurality of second conductive lines having first portions in which the respective second conductive line is disposed adjacent to exactly one other second conductive line of the plurality of second conductive lines, and wherein each second conductive line of the plurality of second conductive lines has second sections in which the respective second conductive line is arranged adjacent to exactly two other second conductive lines of the plurality of second conductive lines

In Example 33, the subject matter of Example 32 may optionally further include where the sum of the lengths of all first portions of a respective second conductive line defines an overall length, and where the respective overall length is substantially the same for all second conductive lines 31

In Example 34, the subject matter of Example 32 or 33 may optionally further include the sum of the lengths of all second portions of a respective second conductive line defining an overall length, and where the respective overall length is substantially the same for all second conductive lines.

In Example 35, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-34 may optionally further include the arrangement of the second plurality of conductive traces defining a coil conductor width of the second coil conductor, the second coil conductor having a first coil conductor width in a first turn of the plurality of turns; and wherein the second coil conductor has a second coil conductor width different from the first coil conductor width in a second turn of the plurality of turns.

In example 36, the subject matter according to example 35 can optionally further comprise that the second coil conductor has a third coil conductor width in a third turn of the plurality of turns, the third turn of the second coil conductor being arranged between the first turn and the second turn of the second coil conductor, and wherein the third coil conductor width is greater than the first coil conductor width and greater than the second coil conductor width.

In Example 37, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 through 36 can optionally further include a turn portion of one turn of the plurality of turns of the second coil conductor between a first adjacent turn portion of another turn of the plurality of turns of the second coil conductor and a second adjacent turn portion of one yet another turn of the plurality of turns of the second coil conductor, and that a spacing of the turn portion from the first adjacent turn portion is different from a spacing of the turn portion from the second adjacent turn portion.

In Example 38, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-37 may optionally further include a first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines in a first turn of the plurality of turns of the first coil conductor having a first conductive line width; and in that the first trace in a second turn of the plurality of turns of the first coil conductor has a second trace width different from the first trace width.

In Example 39, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-38 can optionally further include a first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines in a respective 32

winding of the plurality of windings of the first coil conductor has a first trace width; and that another first trace of the plurality of first traces in (e.g. the same) turn of the plurality of turns of the first coil conductor has a second trace width different from the first trace width.

In Example 40, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-39 may optionally further include a second conductive line of the second plurality of conductive lines in a first turn of the plurality of turns of the second coil conductor having a first conductive line width; and in that the second trace has a second trace width different from the first trace width in a second turn of the plurality of turns of the second coil conductor.

In Example 41, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-40 may optionally further include a second conductive line of the plurality of second conductive lines in a respective turn of the plurality of turns of the second coil conductor having a first conductive line width; and that another second trace of the plurality of second traces in (e.g. the same) turn of the plurality of turns of the second coil conductor has a second trace width different from the first trace width.

In Example 42, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 through 41 may optionally further include a trace portion of a second trace of the second plurality of traces of the second coil conductor between a first adjacent trace portion of another second trace of the plurality of second traces of the second coil conductor and a second adjacent conductive line portion of yet another second conductive line of the plurality of second conductive lines of the second coil conductor, and wherein a spacing of the conductive line portion from the first adjacent conductive line portion is different from a spacing of the conductive line portion from the second adjacent conductive line portion.

In Example 43, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 to 42 may optionally further include the second coil conductor having an inner coil end portion and an outer coil end portion, the plurality of second conductive traces of the second coil conductor being between the inner coil end portion of the second coil conductor and the outer coil end portion of the second coil conductor are connected in parallel to each other. 33

In Example 44, the subject matter of Example 43 may optionally further include the second plurality of conductive traces being spatially separated from each other between the inner coil end portion of the second coil conductor and the outer coil end portion of the second coil conductor.

In Example 45, the subject matter of any one of Examples 1 to 44 may optionally further include the coil assembly further including: an operating circuit, at least one first connection conductor electrically conductively connecting the operating circuit to an inner coil end portion of the first coil conductor; and at least one second connection conductor electrically conductively connecting the operation circuit to an outer coil end portion of the second coil conductor.

In example 46, the subject matter according to example 45 can optionally further have that the operating circuit is set up in such a way that alternating current/alternating voltage provided to the operating circuit is fed into the inner coil end section of the first coil conductor by means of the at least one first connecting conductor and into the outer coil end section of the second coil conductor can be coupled in by means of the at least one second connecting conductor.

In Example 47, the subject matter of Example 46 may optionally further include the coil assembly further including: a power/voltage supply configured to provide the AC power to the operating circuit.

In Example 48, the subject matter according to one of Examples 45 to 47 can optionally further have that the operating circuit is set up in such a way that alternating current/alternating voltage is drawn from the inner coil end section of the first coil conductor by means of the at least one first connecting conductor and/or from the outer coil end section of the second coil conductor can be decoupled by means of the at least one second connecting conductor.

In example 49, the subject matter according to example 48 can optionally further have that the coil arrangement further has: at least one battery, wherein the operating circuit is set up to provide decoupled alternating current or decoupled alternating voltage to the at least one battery.

Example 50 is a coil assembly for use as a transmitting coil or receiving coil in power transmission, the coil assembly comprising: a plurality of 34

Substrates, wherein the substrates of the plurality of substrates are arranged one above the other, each substrate of the plurality of substrates having a respective coil conductor routed on both sides, each coil conductor having a plurality of conductor tracks in each case; a plurality of dielectric layers, at least one dielectric layer of the plurality of dielectric layers being arranged between two substrates of the plurality of substrates arranged adjacent to one another, the coil conductors of two substrates arranged adjacent to one another and the at least one dielectric layer arranged between these substrates respectively form a resonant circuit.

In example 51, the subject matter according to example 50 can optionally further have that the coil arrangement further has: an operating circuit, a plurality of first connecting conductors, wherein for each resonant oscillating circuit an inner coil end portion of the one coil conductor, which the respective resonant oscillating circuit has, by means of an associated first connection conductor of the plurality of first connection conductors is electrically connected to the operating circuit; a plurality of second connecting conductors, wherein for each resonant oscillating circuit an outer coil end section of the respective other coil conductor which the respective resonant oscillating circuit has is electrically conductively connected to the operating circuit by means of an associated second connecting conductor of the plurality of second connecting conductors.

Example 52 is a coil assembly for use as a transmitting coil or receiving coil in power transmission, the coil assembly comprising: a first coil assembly according to any one of Examples 1 to 49, a second coil assembly according to any one of Examples 1 to 49; and at least one electrically non-conductive layer disposed between the first coil assembly and the second coil assembly.

Example 53 is a charging system having a coil assembly according to any one of Examples 1-52.

Example 54 is a method of manufacturing a coil assembly, the method comprising: forming a first coil having a first coil conductor arranged in multiple turns on a first side of a dielectric layer, the first coil conductor having multiple first conductive traces, Forming a second coil, which has a second coil conductor arranged in a plurality of turns, 35, on a second side of the dielectric layer opposite the first side, wherein the second coil conductor comprises a plurality of second conductive lines, and wherein each second conductive line of the plurality of second conductive lines is arranged alternately on a first side and on a second side of the second substrate; wherein the first coil, the second coil and the dielectric layer form a resonant tank circuit.

Example 55 is a method for manufacturing a coil assembly, the method comprising: forming a first coil, which has a first coil conductor arranged in a plurality of turns, on or in a first substrate, the first coil conductor having a plurality of first conductive traces, and wherein each first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines is arranged alternately on a first side and on a second side of the first substrate, forming a second coil having a second coil conductor arranged in a plurality of turns on or in a second substrate, wherein the second coil conductor includes a plurality of second conductive lines, and wherein each second conductive line of the plurality of second conductive lines is arranged alternately on a first side and on a second side of the second substrate; Forming at least one dielectric layer between the first substrate and the second substrate such that the first coil, the second coil and the at least one dielectric layer form a resonant tank circuit.

Example 56 is a coil assembly including: a coil having a coil conductor arranged in multiple turns; wherein the coil conductor in a first turn of the plurality of turns has a first coil conductor width, wherein the coil conductor in a second turn of the plurality of turns has a second coil conductor width, and wherein the coil conductor in a third turn of the plurality of turns intermediate the first turn and the second turn of the coil conductor is arranged has a third coil conductor width; wherein the third coil conductor width is greater than the first coil conductor width and greater than the second coil conductor width.

Example 57 is a coil assembly including: a coil having a coil conductor arranged in multiple turns, the coil conductor having multiple traces. 36

In example 58, the coil arrangement according to example 57 can optionally further have that a trace of the plurality of traces has a first trace width in a first turn (e.g. along the first turn) of the plurality of turns of the coil conductor and wherein the trace has a first trace width in a second turn (e.g. along the second turn) of the plurality of turns of the coil conductor has a second conductor track width which is different from the first conductor track width.

In example 59, the coil arrangement according to example 57 or 58 can optionally further have that one trace of the plurality of traces in a turn (e.g. along the turn) of the plurality of turns of the coil conductor has a first trace width and wherein another trace of the plurality of traces in the turn (e.g. along the turn) has a different second track width from the first track width. In Example 60, the coil arrangement according to one of Examples 57 to 59 can optionally further have that a trace section of one trace of the plurality of traces of the coil conductor between a first neighboring trace section of another trace of the plurality of traces of the coil conductor and a second neighboring trace section of yet another trace of the plurality of traces of the coil conductor is located; and that a distance of the conductor track section from the first

Neighboring conductor track section is different from a distance of the conductor track section from the second neighboring conductor track section.

Claims

37 patent claims

1. Coil arrangement (100) for use as a transmitting coil or receiving coil in energy transmission, the coil arrangement (100) comprising: a first coil (106s) which has a first coil conductor (106) arranged in a plurality of turns, the first coil conductor (106) having a plurality of first conductive traces (122); a second coil (108s) having a second coil conductor (108) arranged in a plurality of turns, the second coil conductor (108) having a plurality of second conductive lines (123); and at least one dielectric layer (110) which is arranged between the first coil (106s) and the second coil (108s) in such a way that the first coil (106s), the second coil (108s) and the at least one dielectric layer (110 ) form a resonant circuit.

2. Coil arrangement (100) according to claim 1, wherein a dielectric material of the at least one dielectric layer (110) is set up such that it has a dielectric loss factor of less than 0.005 in a frequency range from approximately 10 kHz to approximately 1000 kHz.

3. Coil arrangement (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first coil (106s) is a two-dimensional coil and/or wherein the second coil (108s) is a two-dimensional coil.

4. Coil assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

• a first substrate (102), wherein the first coil (106s) is arranged on and/or in the first substrate (102); and

• a second substrate (104), wherein the second coil (108s) is arranged on and/or in the second substrate (104);

• wherein the at least one dielectric layer (110) is arranged between the first substrate (102) and the second substrate (104).

5. coil arrangement (100) according to claim 4, 38 wherein the first substrate (102) has a first side (124) and a second side (126) opposite the first side (124); wherein each first conductive trace of the plurality of first conductive traces (122) has first conductive trace sections disposed on the first side (124) of the first substrate (102) and second conductive trace sections disposed on the second side (126) of the first substrate (102) are arranged, wherein the first conductor track sections and the second conductor track sections of the respective first conductor track are electrically conductively connected to one another by means of vias through the first substrate (102); wherein the plurality of first conductive tracks (122) extend on both sides of the first substrate (102) such that in the cross section of the first coil conductor (106) two or more first conductive tracks are arranged on the first side (124) and two or more other first conductive tracks the second side (126) are arranged.

The coil assembly (100) of claim 5, wherein each first conductive trace of said plurality of first conductive traces (122) is disposed between exactly two other first conductive traces of said plurality of first conductive traces (122) along the entire length of said first coil conductor (106). Coil arrangement (100) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the first conductor track sections of the plurality of first conductor tracks (122) are arranged obliquely to a longitudinal direction of a respective turn of the first coil conductor (106) and wherein the second conductor track sections of the plurality of first Conductor tracks (122) are arranged obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the respective turn of the first coil conductor (106).

Coil arrangement (100) according to one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the first conductor track sections of the first plurality of conductor tracks (122) run parallel to one another and the second conductor path sections of the plurality of first conductor tracks (122) run parallel to one another.

Coil arrangement (100) according to one of Claims 5 to 8, in which each first conductor track section and each second conductor track section has the same length. 39

A coil assembly (100) according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the plurality of first conductive traces (122) vary in position relative to one another in a repeating pattern.

Coil arrangement (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein each first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines (122) has first sections in which the respective first conductive line is arranged adjacent to exactly one other first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines (122); and wherein each first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines (122) has second sections in which the respective first conductive line is arranged adjacent to exactly two other first conductive lines of the plurality of first conductive lines (122).

A coil assembly (100) according to claim 11, wherein the sum of the lengths of all first portions of a respective first conductive trace define an overall length, and wherein the respective overall length is the same for all first conductive traces (122); and/or wherein the sum of the lengths of all second sections of a respective first conductive line define a total length, and wherein the respective total length is the same for all first conductive lines (122). The coil assembly (100) of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a first conductive line of said plurality of first conductive lines (122) has a first conductive line width; and wherein another first conductive line of the plurality of first conductive lines (122) has a second conductive line width different from the first conductive line width. Coil arrangement (700) for use as a transmission coil or reception coil in energy transmission, the coil arrangement (700) having:

• a first coil arrangement (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13; 40

• a second coil arrangement (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13; and

• at least one electrically non-conductive layer (720) which is arranged between the first coil arrangement (100) and the second coil arrangement (100).

15. Coil arrangement (600) for use as a transmitting coil or receiving coil in an energy transmission, the coil arrangement (600) having:

• a plurality of substrates (602), wherein the substrates of the plurality of substrates (602) are stacked; each substrate of the plurality of substrates (602) having a respective coil conductor (606) routed on both sides, each coil conductor (606) having a plurality of conductor tracks in each case; and

• a multiplicity of dielectric layers (610), at least one dielectric layer of the multiplicity of dielectric layers (610) being arranged in each case between two substrates of the multiplicity of substrates (602) arranged adjacent to one another, the coil conductors of two substrates arranged adjacent to one another and the at least one dielectric layer arranged between these substrates each form a resonant oscillating circuit.

16. Charging system for charging an electrical energy store, the charging system comprising: a coil arrangement (100, 600, 700) or more

Coil assemblies (100, 600, 700) according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A coil assembly comprising:

• a coil having a coil conductor arranged in a plurality of turns, the coil conductor having a plurality of conductor tracks;

• wherein a trace of the plurality of traces has a first trace width along a first turn of the plurality of turns of the coil conductor and wherein the trace along a second turn of the plurality of turns of the coil conductor has a second trace width different from the first trace width, and/or 41

• wherein one trace of the plurality of traces along one turn of the plurality of turns of the coil conductor has a first trace width and wherein another trace of the plurality of traces along the turn has a second trace width different from the first trace width, and/or

• wherein a trace section of a trace of the plurality of traces of the coil conductor lies between a first neighboring trace section of another trace of the plurality of traces of the coil conductor and a second neighboring trace section of yet another trace of the plurality of traces of the coil conductor and wherein a distance of the

Conductor section of the first neighboring conductor section is different from a distance of the conductor section from the second neighboring conductor section.