WO2022234941A1 - Vaporizer- and heat exchanger-integrated boil-off gas re-liquefaction system - Google Patents

Vaporizer- and heat exchanger-integrated boil-off gas re-liquefaction system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022234941A1
WO2022234941A1 PCT/KR2022/003368 KR2022003368W WO2022234941A1 WO 2022234941 A1 WO2022234941 A1 WO 2022234941A1 KR 2022003368 W KR2022003368 W KR 2022003368W WO 2022234941 A1 WO2022234941 A1 WO 2022234941A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
boil
heat exchanger
gas
liquefied fuel
integrated
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Application number
PCT/KR2022/003368
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
정제헌
최금식
김지상
Original Assignee
선보공업주식회사
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Publication of WO2022234941A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022234941A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
    • F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
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    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being (a mixture of) hydrocarbons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system, and more particularly, to reliquefy boil-off gas (BOG) generated from liquefied fuel through a plurality of heat exchangers so as to be effectively recycled, in particular, a heat exchanger and It relates to a vaporizer and heat exchanger-integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system that enables a more compact implementation of a boil-off gas reliquefaction facility by integrally integrating a vaporizer that heats liquefied fuel supplied to a main engine.
  • BOG boil-off gas
  • LNG is emerging as a clean fuel that can reduce harmful substances such as SOx, NOx and carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases compared to conventional fossil fuels, and its application is very wide not only on land but also in the ocean, that is, in shipbuilding and ship fields. is the trend
  • LNG which is a liquefied natural gas
  • main customers in ships are boilers, generator engines, low-pressure (eg, Wartsila's X-DF engine) and high-pressure (eg, MEGI engine of MAN solution, etc.) engines, etc.
  • low-pressure eg, Wartsila's X-DF engine
  • high-pressure eg, MEGI engine of MAN solution, etc.
  • the LNG stored in the storage tank is suppressed from heat inflow through the use of insulation, but due to the temperature difference between the atmospheric temperature and the inside of the tank, inevitably heat inflow. It can be designed so that 0.15 vol% of LNG stored on a daily basis has an evaporation amount before and after.
  • the evaporated BOG is compressed by the BOG compressor, and the LNG stored in the tank is pressurized to the pressure of the main pipeline supply network through a low-pressure pump and a high-pressure pump, and then is vaporized and sent out.
  • the boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus utilizes the characteristic of maintaining a supercooled state because the temperature increase of LNG, which is first boosted by a low pressure pump, is insignificant at the corresponding pressure. That is, it is a device for cooling/liquefying BOG with sub-cooled sensible heat of LNG at the pressurized pressure by directly contacting the first boosted LNG and the pressurized BOG with each other. In this process, a certain amount of BOG may be liquefied and secondarily pressurized through a high-pressure pump to be supplied as fuel to the main engine, or may be recovered to an LNG storage tank.
  • liquefied fuel discharged through a heat exchanger is converted into a form required by a main engine and supplied through a vaporizer called a vaporizer.
  • a vaporizer a vaporizer
  • the scale of the boil-off gas reliquefaction facility increases that much in that a separate vaporizer must be provided at the rear end of the heat exchanger.
  • a separate vaporizer must be provided at the rear end of the heat exchanger.
  • the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, re-liquefy boil-off gas (BOG) generated from liquefied fuel through a plurality of heat exchangers so as to be effectively recycled, and in particular, to heat the liquefied fuel supplied to the heat exchanger and the main engine.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system that enables a more compact implementation of the boil-off gas reliquefaction facility by integrating the vaporizer into an integrated body.
  • the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated BOG reliquefaction system 100 is connected to a liquefied fuel tank 110 and the liquefied fuel tank 110 , and the boil-off gas in the liquefied fuel tank 110 .
  • BOG compressor 120 for compressing and supplying BOG in the direction of the auxiliary engine in the ship, connected to the liquefied fuel tank 110, and supplied through the in-tank pump 110a provided in the liquefied fuel tank 110
  • the heat exchanger 130 recovers cooling heat in the supplied boil-off gas, and pressurizes the liquefied fuel discharged through the heat exchanger 130 to ship
  • the booster pump 140 is supplied to the main engine and is provided between the booster pump 140 and the main engine, and the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140 and the boil-off gas compressor 120 are supplied. It may include an integrated heat exchanger 150 that recovers the cooling heat in the BOG supplied by exchanging heat with each other, and at the same time heats and vaporizes the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140. .
  • the integrated heat exchanger 150 includes a supply line 151 passing through the integrated heat exchanger 150 and a glycol water supply unit for supplying glycol water that is a warming refrigerant passing through the supply line 151 . It may be characterized by including.
  • the glycol water supply unit may include a glycol water heating device for reheating the recovered glycol water to maintain a preset heating temperature.
  • boil-off gas (BOG) generated from liquefied fuel is re-liquefied through a plurality of heat exchangers to be effectively recycled, and in particular, a vaporizer that heats the liquefied fuel supplied to the heat exchanger and the main engine is integrated.
  • the BOG can be effectively re-liquefied and recycled as fuel regardless of operating conditions, and through this, the operating cost of the vessel and bunkering costs are reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated BOG reliquefaction system 100 is largely a liquefied fuel tank 110 , a BOG compressor 120 , a heat exchanger 130 , and a booster pump. 140 and may be configured to include an integrated heat exchanger 150 .
  • the liquefied fuel tank 110 refers to a storage space for storing liquefied fuel required by the main engine and the auxiliary engine, which are the propulsion power sources of the ship.
  • the liquefied fuel may be interpreted as encompassing all fuels in a liquefied state, such as LNG and liquefied hydrogen.
  • Liquefied fuel is stored in the liquefied fuel tank 110 , and in this case, an In tank pump 110a for supplying the liquefied fuel under pressure in the direction of the heat exchanger 130 in the inner lower portion of the liquefied fuel tank 110 . ) is provided. Accordingly, the liquefied fuel pulled up through the in-tank pump 110a is supplied to the heat exchanger 130 through a connection line connected to the heat exchanger 130 , and BOG and BOG through the heat exchanger 130 . After heat exchange, it is discharged toward the integrated heat exchanger 150 . Meanwhile, the pressure of the in-tank pump 110a may be 5 bar to 20 bar.
  • the liquefied fuel in the liquefied fuel tank 110 is vaporized in the form of boil-off gas in the liquefied fuel tank 110 to increase the pressure in the liquefied fuel tank 110 . Accordingly, in the present invention, the boil-off gas is supplied in the direction of the boil-off gas compressor 120 .
  • the BOG compressor 120 is connected to the liquefied fuel tank 110 through a connection line, and serves to compress BOG in the liquefied fuel tank 110 and supply it to the auxiliary engine.
  • the pressing pressure of the boil-off gas compressor 120 is generally applied to 5 bar to 10 bar.
  • the BOG compressor 120 may be applied with an inter cooler (inter cooler) in one embodiment.
  • a cooler (not shown) may be additionally provided at the rear end of the boil-off gas compressor 120 .
  • the cooler cools the BOG pressurized through the BOG compressor 120 to adjust the fuel temperature required by the auxiliary engine.
  • the cooler may be any one or more of a water-cooled cooler and an air-cooled cooler.
  • the heat exchanger 130 exchanges heat between the liquefied fuel supplied through the in-tank pump 110a and the boil-off gas supplied through the boil-off gas compressor 120, thereby recovering the cooling heat of the boil-off gas toward the liquefied fuel. do.
  • a pressure reducing valve may be applied to the connection line discharged to the liquefied fuel tank 110 through the heat exchanger 130 , and a gas-liquid separator (not shown) may additionally be applied.
  • the pressure reducing valve may be a Joule-Thomson valve using the Joule-Thomson effect, which reduces the pressure rapidly by reducing the boil-off gas cooled through the first heat exchanger 130 to a pressure of 1 to 10 bar, and , in this case, the boil-off gas is liquefied as the temperature is lowered and stored in the liquefied fuel tank 110 .
  • the pressure reducing valve may be applied with an expander. At this time, in an embodiment, in that the BOG is partially reliquefied instead of reliquefying the entire BOG due to the characteristics of the pressure reducing valve, the gaseous BOG and the liquid fuel are mixed.
  • a gas-liquid separator is installed at the rear end of the pressure reducing valve to separate BOG partially liquefied by pressure reduction into gas and liquid, and branch lines according to each state are formed to convert only liquid fuel into the liquefied fuel tank 110 . can be recovered
  • the booster pump 140 serves to supply the liquefied fuel in the direction of the integrated heat exchanger 150 by pressing the liquefied fuel after receiving the liquefied fuel through the connection line connected to the heat exchanger 130 , and at this time, the pressing force of the booster pump 140 . may be 5 bar to 600 bar.
  • the liquefied fuel discharged after pressurization through the booster pump 140 passes through the integrated heat exchanger 150 .
  • the integrated heat exchanger 150 is provided between the booster pump 140 and the main engine of the ship, and exchanges heat between the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140 and the boil-off gas supplied through the boil-off gas compressor 120 with each other. It serves to recover the cooling heat in the boil-off gas, and at the same time serves to heat and vaporize the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140 .
  • the integrated heat exchanger 150 includes a supply line 151 passing through the integrated heat exchanger 150 from one side to the other side, and a glycol water supply unit (not shown) are included. At this time, since the glycol water corresponds to a temperature of about 50 degrees Celsius, the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140 is vaporized.
  • the glycol water supply unit may include a glycol water heating device (not shown) that reheats the recovered glycol water to maintain a preset heating temperature (eg, around 50 degrees Celsius).
  • a glycol water heating device not shown that reheats the recovered glycol water to maintain a preset heating temperature (eg, around 50 degrees Celsius).
  • the glycol water heating device includes a temperature sensor (not shown), and after constantly sensing the temperature of the glycol water passing through the supply line 151 through the temperature sensor, when the temperature falls below a preset temperature, the glycol water heating device is heated. It will be made
  • a trim heater (not shown) may be provided at the front end of the auxiliary engine, and is heated to the fuel temperature required by the auxiliary engine through the trim heater.
  • the auxiliary engine may mean an engine for driving a generator engine or a boiler (Boiler).
  • an additional supply line (not shown) that is disposed with the supply line 151 of the integrated heat exchanger 150 and passes through the integrated heat exchanger 150 may be provided, at this time passing through the additional supply line
  • the boil-off gas heated by the trim heater described above may be supplied.
  • the heat of the boil-off gas heated by the trim heater may further heat the glycol water supplied through the supply line 151 .
  • the boil-off gas cooled through the heat exchanger 130 may be directly re-supplied to the booster pump 140 without supplying it to the liquefied fuel tank 110 through the pressure reducing valve.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to another embodiment.
  • the boil-off gas cooled through the heat exchanger 130 is directly connected to the booster pump 140 and supplied to the connection line of the booster pump 140 to be mixed with liquefied fuel. It may be supplied in the direction of the booster pump 140 .
  • a mixer may be applied instead of the heat exchanger 130 in the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to another embodiment.
  • the heat exchanger 130 may be changed to the mixer 130 ′ while all other configurations are the same.
  • the mixer 130 ′ mixes the liquefied fuel supplied from the liquefied fuel tank 110 and the cooled boil-off gas supplied through the integrated heat exchanger 150 and supplies it in the direction of the booster pump 140 .
  • the heat exchanger and the vaporizer for heating the liquefied fuel supplied to the main engine can be integrated and applied in one piece. it is technology

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a vaporizer- and heat exchanger-integrated boil-off gas re-liquefaction system which can effectively recycle boil-off gas (BOG) generated from liquefied fuel by re-liquefying the BOG through a plurality of heat exchangers, and particularly can implement more compact BOG re-liquefaction equipment by integrally incorporating a heat exchanger and a vaporizer for warming liquefied fuel supplied to a main engine.

Description

베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템Evaporator and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system
본 발명은 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템에 관한 것으로서, 보다 구체적으로는, 액화 연료에서 발생되는 증발가스(BOG)를 다수의 열 교환기를 통해 재액화시켜 효과적으로 재활용되도록 하며, 특히 열교환기와 메인 엔진으로 공급되는 액화 연료를 가온하는 베이퍼라이저를 일체형으로 통합함으로써, 증발 가스 재액화 설비를 보다 컴팩트하게 구현할 수 있도록 하는 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system, and more particularly, to reliquefy boil-off gas (BOG) generated from liquefied fuel through a plurality of heat exchangers so as to be effectively recycled, in particular, a heat exchanger and It relates to a vaporizer and heat exchanger-integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system that enables a more compact implementation of a boil-off gas reliquefaction facility by integrally integrating a vaporizer that heats liquefied fuel supplied to a main engine.
일반적으로, LNG는 기존의 화석연료 대비 SOx, NOx 및 이산화탄소 등의 유해물질 및 온실가스를 저감시킬 수 있는 청정연료로 부상하고 있으며 육상뿐만 아니라 해양, 즉 조선 및 선박 분야에서도 활용처가 매우 넓어지고 있는 추세이다.In general, LNG is emerging as a clean fuel that can reduce harmful substances such as SOx, NOx and carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases compared to conventional fossil fuels, and its application is very wide not only on land but also in the ocean, that is, in shipbuilding and ship fields. is the trend
액화천연가스인 LNG는 일반적으로 상압 및 섭씨 -162도 근처에서 액체상태로 존재하며, 단열시스템을 갖는 저장 탱크에 저장된 후에 개별 수요처에 공급된다. 참고로 선박에서의 주요 수요처는 보일러, 발전기 엔진, 저압(예, Wartsila사의 X-DF 엔진) 및 고압(예, MAN solution사의 MEGI 엔진 등) 엔진 등이며, 이들 수요처에 5 내지 300바의 범위로 공급되며, 육상에서는 주요 수요처로 연결되는 천연가스의 주배관 공급망의 압력이 나라마다 다르나 통상 70 내지 120 bar 범위에서 운영되고 있다.LNG, which is a liquefied natural gas, generally exists in a liquid state at atmospheric pressure and near -162 degrees Celsius, and is stored in a storage tank with an insulated system and then supplied to individual consumers. For reference, the main customers in ships are boilers, generator engines, low-pressure (eg, Wartsila's X-DF engine) and high-pressure (eg, MEGI engine of MAN solution, etc.) engines, etc. It is supplied, and on land, the pressure of the main pipeline supply chain of natural gas that is connected to the main demand is different from country to country, but it is usually operated in the range of 70 to 120 bar.
저장탱크 내부에 저장된 LNG는 단열재 사용을 통해 열유입이 억제되어 있으나 대기온도와 탱크 내부의 온도차이로 인해 불가피하게 열유입이 될 수밖에 없으며, 최근 단열기술의 발달로 선박에 사용되는 멤브레인 탱크의 경우 일일 기준 저장된 LNG의 0.15 vol%가 전후의 증발량을 갖도록 설계할 수 있다. 증발된 증발가스는 BOG 압축기에 의해 압축되며, 탱크에 저장된 LNG는 저압펌프 및 고압펌프를 통해 주배관 공급망의 압력으로 승압된 후, 기화되어 송출된다.The LNG stored in the storage tank is suppressed from heat inflow through the use of insulation, but due to the temperature difference between the atmospheric temperature and the inside of the tank, inevitably heat inflow. It can be designed so that 0.15 vol% of LNG stored on a daily basis has an evaporation amount before and after. The evaporated BOG is compressed by the BOG compressor, and the LNG stored in the tank is pressurized to the pressure of the main pipeline supply network through a low-pressure pump and a high-pressure pump, and then is vaporized and sent out.
증발가스 재액화장치는 저압펌프로 1차 승압된 LNG가 해당 압력에서 온도 증가가 미미하여 과냉 상태를 유지하는 특성을 이용하는 것이다. 즉, 1차 승압된 LNG와 가압된 BOG를 서로 직접 접촉시킴으로써 승압된 압력에서 LNG의 과냉(Sub-cooled)된 현열(Sensible heat)로 BOG를 냉각/액화하는 장치이다. 이 과정에서 일정량의 BOG는 액화되고, 고압펌프를 통해 2차 승압되어 주엔진에 연료로 공급되거나, LNG 저장 탱크로 회수될 수 있다.The boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus utilizes the characteristic of maintaining a supercooled state because the temperature increase of LNG, which is first boosted by a low pressure pump, is insignificant at the corresponding pressure. That is, it is a device for cooling/liquefying BOG with sub-cooled sensible heat of LNG at the pressurized pressure by directly contacting the first boosted LNG and the pressurized BOG with each other. In this process, a certain amount of BOG may be liquefied and secondarily pressurized through a high-pressure pump to be supplied as fuel to the main engine, or may be recovered to an LNG storage tank.
일반적으로, 열교환기를 통해 배출되는 액화 연료는 베이퍼라이저(vaporizer)라고 하는 기화기를 통해 메인 엔진에서 필요로 하는 형태로 형태 변환되어 공급된다. 이때, 열교환기의 후단에 별도의 베이퍼라이저를 구비하여야 한다는 점에서 증발 가스 재액화 설비 규모가 그만큼 커지게 되는데, 선박 내에서 증발 가스 재액화 설비를 배치하기 위한 공간은 한정되어 있다는 점에서, 현재 전체적인 설비 규모의 컴팩트화가 요구되고 있는 실정이다.In general, liquefied fuel discharged through a heat exchanger is converted into a form required by a main engine and supplied through a vaporizer called a vaporizer. At this time, the scale of the boil-off gas reliquefaction facility increases that much in that a separate vaporizer must be provided at the rear end of the heat exchanger. There is a demand for compactness of the facility scale.
본 발명은 전술한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 액화 연료에서 발생되는 증발가스(BOG)를 다수의 열 교환기를 통해 재액화시켜 효과적으로 재활용되도록 하며, 특히 열교환기와 메인 엔진으로 공급되는 액화 연료를 가온하는 베이퍼라이저를 일체형으로 통합함으로써, 증발 가스 재액화 설비를 보다 컴팩트하게 구현할 수 있도록 하는 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템을 제공하고자 한다.The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, re-liquefy boil-off gas (BOG) generated from liquefied fuel through a plurality of heat exchangers so as to be effectively recycled, and in particular, to heat the liquefied fuel supplied to the heat exchanger and the main engine. An object of the present invention is to provide a vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system that enables a more compact implementation of the boil-off gas reliquefaction facility by integrating the vaporizer into an integrated body.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템(100)은 액화 연료 탱크(110), 상기 액화 연료 탱크(110)와 연결되며, 상기 액화 연료 탱크(110) 내 증발가스(BOG)를 압축하여 선박 내 보조 엔진 방향으로 공급하는 증발가스 압축기(120), 상기 액화 연료 탱크(110)와 연결되며, 상기 액화 연료 탱크(110) 내 마련된 인 탱크 펌프(110a)를 통해 공급되는 액화 연료와 일측을 통해 공급되는 증발가스(BOG)를 서로 열교환 시킴으로써, 공급되는 증발가스 내 냉열을 회수하는 열교환기(130), 상기 열교환기(130)를 통해 배출되는 액화 연료를 가압하여 선박 내 메인 엔진 방향으로 공급하는 부스터 펌프(140) 및 상기 부스터 펌프(140)와 메인 엔진 사이에 마련되며, 상기 부스터 펌프(140)를 통해 공급되는 액화 연료와 상기 증발가스 압축기(120)를 통해 공급되는 증발가스를 서로 열교환 시킴으로써 공급되는 증발가스 내 냉열을 회수하고, 동시에 상기 부스터 펌프(140)를 통해 공급되는 액화 연료를 가온하여 기화시키는 통합형 열교환기(150)를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 할 수 있다.The vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated BOG reliquefaction system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected to a liquefied fuel tank 110 and the liquefied fuel tank 110 , and the boil-off gas in the liquefied fuel tank 110 . BOG compressor 120 for compressing and supplying BOG in the direction of the auxiliary engine in the ship, connected to the liquefied fuel tank 110, and supplied through the in-tank pump 110a provided in the liquefied fuel tank 110 By exchanging heat between the liquefied fuel and boil-off gas (BOG) supplied through one side, the heat exchanger 130 recovers cooling heat in the supplied boil-off gas, and pressurizes the liquefied fuel discharged through the heat exchanger 130 to ship The booster pump 140 is supplied to the main engine and is provided between the booster pump 140 and the main engine, and the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140 and the boil-off gas compressor 120 are supplied. It may include an integrated heat exchanger 150 that recovers the cooling heat in the BOG supplied by exchanging heat with each other, and at the same time heats and vaporizes the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140. .
일 실시예에서, 상기 통합형 열교환기(150)는 상기 통합형 열교환기(150)를 관통하는 공급 라인(151) 및 상기 공급 라인(151)을 통과하는 가온 냉매인 글리콜 워터를 공급하는 글리콜 워터 공급부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 할 수 있다.In one embodiment, the integrated heat exchanger 150 includes a supply line 151 passing through the integrated heat exchanger 150 and a glycol water supply unit for supplying glycol water that is a warming refrigerant passing through the supply line 151 . It may be characterized by including.
일 실시예에서, 상기 글리콜 워터 공급부는 회수되는 글리콜 워터를 재가열하여 기 설정된 가온 온도가 유지되도록 하는 글리콜 워터 가열 장치를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 할 수 있다.In one embodiment, the glycol water supply unit may include a glycol water heating device for reheating the recovered glycol water to maintain a preset heating temperature.
본 발명의 일 측면에 따르면, 액화 연료에서 발생되는 증발가스(BOG)를 다수의 열 교환기를 통해 재액화시켜 효과적으로 재활용되도록 하며, 특히 열교환기와 메인 엔진으로 공급되는 액화 연료를 가온하는 베이퍼라이저를 일체형으로 통합함으로써, 증발 가스 재액화 설비를 보다 컴팩트하게 구현할 수 있는 이점을 가진다.According to one aspect of the present invention, boil-off gas (BOG) generated from liquefied fuel is re-liquefied through a plurality of heat exchangers to be effectively recycled, and in particular, a vaporizer that heats the liquefied fuel supplied to the heat exchanger and the main engine is integrated. By integrating, it has the advantage that the boil-off gas reliquefaction facility can be implemented more compactly.
또한 본 발명의 일 측면에 따르면, 자연적으로 발생되는 증발가스를 이용하는 중소형 액화 연료 추진 선박에서도 운항조건에 구애받지 않고 효과적으로 증발가스를 재액화하여 연료로써 재활용할 수 있도록 하며, 이를 통해 선박의 운항비용 및 벙커링 비용이 절감되도록 하는 이점을 가진다.In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, even in small and medium-sized liquefied fuel propulsion vessels using naturally occurring BOG, the BOG can be effectively re-liquefied and recycled as fuel regardless of operating conditions, and through this, the operating cost of the vessel and bunkering costs are reduced.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템(100)의 구성을 도시한 도면이다.1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 다른 실시예에 따른 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템(100)의 구성을 도시한 도면이다.2 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to another embodiment.
도 3은 또 다른 실시예에 따른 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템(100)의 구성을 도시한 도면이다.3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to another embodiment.
<부호의 설명><Explanation of code>
100: 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템100: vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system
110: 액화 연료 탱크110: liquid fuel tank
120: 증발가스 압축기120: boil-off gas compressor
130: 열교환기130: heat exchanger
130': 혼합기130': mixer
140: 부스터 펌프140: booster pump
150: 통합형 열교환기150: integrated heat exchanger
151: 공급 라인151: supply line
이하, 본 발명의 이해를 돕기 위하여 바람직한 실시예를 제시한다. 그러나 하기의 실시예는 본 발명을 보다 쉽게 이해하기 위하여 제공되는 것일 뿐, 실시예에 의해 본 발명의 내용이 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, preferred examples are presented to help the understanding of the present invention. However, the following examples are only provided for easier understanding of the present invention, and the content of the present invention is not limited by the examples.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템(100)의 구성을 도시한 도면이다.1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 1을 살펴보면, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템(100)은 크게 액화 연료 탱크(110), 증발가스 압축기(120), 열교환기(130), 부스터 펌프(140) 및 통합형 열교환기(150)를 포함하여 구성될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 1 , the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated BOG reliquefaction system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is largely a liquefied fuel tank 110 , a BOG compressor 120 , a heat exchanger 130 , and a booster pump. 140 and may be configured to include an integrated heat exchanger 150 .
먼저, 액화 연료 탱크(110)는 선박의 추진 동력원인 메인 엔진 및 보조 엔진에서 필요로 하는 액화 연료를 저장하는 저장 공간을 의미한다. 이때, 액화 연료라 함은 LNG, 액화 수소와 같이 액화 상태의 모든 연료를 포괄하는 의미로 해석될 수 있다.First, the liquefied fuel tank 110 refers to a storage space for storing liquefied fuel required by the main engine and the auxiliary engine, which are the propulsion power sources of the ship. In this case, the liquefied fuel may be interpreted as encompassing all fuels in a liquefied state, such as LNG and liquefied hydrogen.
액화 연료 탱크(110) 내에는 액화 연료가 저장되어 있으며, 이때 액화 연료 탱크(110)의 내측 하부에는 액화 연료를 열교환기(130) 방향으로 가압 공급하기 위한 인 탱크 펌프(In tank pump)(110a)가 마련된다. 따라서, 인 탱크 펌프(110a)를 통해 끌어 올려진 액화 연료는 열교환기(130)와 연결된 연결 라인을 통해 열교환기(130) 방향으로 공급되며, 열교환기(130)를 통해 증발가스(BOG)와 열교환 후 통합형 열교환기(150)를 향해 배출된다. 한편, 인 탱크 펌프(110a)의 가압력은 5bar 내지 20bar가 적용될 수 있다.Liquefied fuel is stored in the liquefied fuel tank 110 , and in this case, an In tank pump 110a for supplying the liquefied fuel under pressure in the direction of the heat exchanger 130 in the inner lower portion of the liquefied fuel tank 110 . ) is provided. Accordingly, the liquefied fuel pulled up through the in-tank pump 110a is supplied to the heat exchanger 130 through a connection line connected to the heat exchanger 130 , and BOG and BOG through the heat exchanger 130 . After heat exchange, it is discharged toward the integrated heat exchanger 150 . Meanwhile, the pressure of the in-tank pump 110a may be 5 bar to 20 bar.
액화 연료 탱크(110) 내 액화 연료는 액화 연료 탱크(110) 내에서 증발가스 형태로 기화되면서 액화 연료 탱크(110) 내 압력을 높이게 된다. 따라서, 본원발명에서는 이러한 증발가스를 증발가스 압축기(120) 방향으로 공급하게 된다.The liquefied fuel in the liquefied fuel tank 110 is vaporized in the form of boil-off gas in the liquefied fuel tank 110 to increase the pressure in the liquefied fuel tank 110 . Accordingly, in the present invention, the boil-off gas is supplied in the direction of the boil-off gas compressor 120 .
증발가스 압축기(120)는 액화 연료 탱크(110)와 연결 라인을 통해 연결되며, 액화 연료 탱크(110) 내 증발가스를 압축하여 보조 엔진 방향으로 공급하는 역할을 한다. 증발가스 압축기(120)의 가압력은 일반적으로 5bar 내지 10bar가 적용된다. 이러한 증발가스 압축기(120)는 일 실시예에서 인터쿨러(inter cooler)가 적용될 수 있다.The BOG compressor 120 is connected to the liquefied fuel tank 110 through a connection line, and serves to compress BOG in the liquefied fuel tank 110 and supply it to the auxiliary engine. The pressing pressure of the boil-off gas compressor 120 is generally applied to 5 bar to 10 bar. The BOG compressor 120 may be applied with an inter cooler (inter cooler) in one embodiment.
일 실시예에서, 증발가스 압축기(120)의 후단에는 쿨러(미도시)가 추가로 마련될 수 있다. 쿨러는 증발가스 압축기(120)를 통해 가압된 증발가스를 냉각시켜 보조 엔진에서 필요로 하는 연료 온도를 맞추는 역할을 한다. 이때, 쿨러는 수냉식 쿨러 및 공냉식 쿨러 중 어느 하나 이상이 적용될 수 있다.In one embodiment, a cooler (not shown) may be additionally provided at the rear end of the boil-off gas compressor 120 . The cooler cools the BOG pressurized through the BOG compressor 120 to adjust the fuel temperature required by the auxiliary engine. In this case, the cooler may be any one or more of a water-cooled cooler and an air-cooled cooler.
열교환기(130)는 인 탱크 펌프(110a)를 통해 공급되는 액화 연료와, 증발가스 압축기(120)를 통해 공급되는 증발 가스를 열교환 시킴으로써, 증발 가스가 가진 냉열을 액화 연료 방향으로 회수시키는 역할을 한다. 이때, 열교환기(130)를 통해 액화 연료 탱크(110)로 배출되는 연결 라인에는 감압밸브가 적용될 수 있으며, 추가적으로는 기액분리기(미도시)도 적용될 수 있다.The heat exchanger 130 exchanges heat between the liquefied fuel supplied through the in-tank pump 110a and the boil-off gas supplied through the boil-off gas compressor 120, thereby recovering the cooling heat of the boil-off gas toward the liquefied fuel. do. In this case, a pressure reducing valve may be applied to the connection line discharged to the liquefied fuel tank 110 through the heat exchanger 130 , and a gas-liquid separator (not shown) may additionally be applied.
감압밸브는 줄-톰슨 효과를 이용한 줄-톰슨(Joule-Thomson) 밸브가 적용될 수 있으며, 이는 제1 열교환기(130)를 통해 냉각된 증발가스를 1 내지 10bar 압력으로 감압하여 압력을 급감시키게 되고, 이 경우 온도가 함께 하강되면서 증발가스가 액화되어 액화 연료 탱크(110)에 저장되는 것이다. 또한, 일 실시예에서 감압밸브는 팽창기가 적용될 수도 있다. 이때, 일 실시예에서 감압밸브의 특성 상 증발가스 전체를 재액화시키는 것이 아닌 부분적으로 재액화시킨다는 점에서 기체 상태의 증발가스와 액체 상태의 연료가 혼재한 상태가 된다. 따라서, 감압밸브의 후단에는 기액분리기를 설치하여 감압에 의해 부분적으로 액화된 증발가스를 기체 및 액체로 분리하고, 각 상태에 따른 분기 라인을 형성하여 액체 형태의 연료만을 액화 연료 탱크(110)로 회수할 수 있다.The pressure reducing valve may be a Joule-Thomson valve using the Joule-Thomson effect, which reduces the pressure rapidly by reducing the boil-off gas cooled through the first heat exchanger 130 to a pressure of 1 to 10 bar, and , in this case, the boil-off gas is liquefied as the temperature is lowered and stored in the liquefied fuel tank 110 . In addition, in one embodiment, the pressure reducing valve may be applied with an expander. At this time, in an embodiment, in that the BOG is partially reliquefied instead of reliquefying the entire BOG due to the characteristics of the pressure reducing valve, the gaseous BOG and the liquid fuel are mixed. Therefore, a gas-liquid separator is installed at the rear end of the pressure reducing valve to separate BOG partially liquefied by pressure reduction into gas and liquid, and branch lines according to each state are formed to convert only liquid fuel into the liquefied fuel tank 110 . can be recovered
부스터 펌프(140)는 열교환기(130)와 연결된 연결 라인을 통해 액화 연료를 공급받은 후 액화 연료를 가압하여 통합형 열교환기(150) 방향으로 공급하는 역할을 하며, 이때 부스터 펌프(140)의 가압력은 5bar 내지 600bar가 될 수 있다. 부스터 펌프(140)를 통해 가압 후 배출되는 액화 연료는 통합형 열교환기(150)를 거치게 된다.The booster pump 140 serves to supply the liquefied fuel in the direction of the integrated heat exchanger 150 by pressing the liquefied fuel after receiving the liquefied fuel through the connection line connected to the heat exchanger 130 , and at this time, the pressing force of the booster pump 140 . may be 5 bar to 600 bar. The liquefied fuel discharged after pressurization through the booster pump 140 passes through the integrated heat exchanger 150 .
통합형 열교환기(150)는 부스터 펌프(140)와 선박의 메인 엔진 사이에 마련되며, 부스터 펌프(140)를 통해 공급되는 액화 연료와 증발가스 압축기(120)를 통해 공급되는 증발가스를 서로 열교환 시킴으로써 증발가스 내 냉열을 회수하는 역할과, 동시에 부스터 펌프(140)를 통해 공급되는 액화 연료를 가온하여 기화시키는 역할을 역할을 한다.The integrated heat exchanger 150 is provided between the booster pump 140 and the main engine of the ship, and exchanges heat between the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140 and the boil-off gas supplied through the boil-off gas compressor 120 with each other. It serves to recover the cooling heat in the boil-off gas, and at the same time serves to heat and vaporize the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140 .
이러한 통합형 열교환기(150)는 통합형 열교환기(150)를 일측에서 타측으로 관통하는 공급 라인(151)과, 공급 라인(151)을 통과하여 흐르는 가온 냉매인 글리콜 워터를 공급하기 위한 글리콜 워터 공급부(미도시)를 포함하여 구성된다. 이때 글리콜 워터는 섭씨 50도 전후의 온도에 해당하기 때문에, 부스터 펌프(140)를 통해 공급되는 액화 연료를 기화시키게 되는 것이다.The integrated heat exchanger 150 includes a supply line 151 passing through the integrated heat exchanger 150 from one side to the other side, and a glycol water supply unit ( not shown) are included. At this time, since the glycol water corresponds to a temperature of about 50 degrees Celsius, the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140 is vaporized.
한편, 글리콜 워터 공급부는 회수되는 글리콜 워터를 재가열하여 기 설정된 가온 온도(예를 들어, 섭씨 50도 전후)가 유지되도록 하는 글리콜 워터 가열 장치(미도시)를 포함할 수 있다.Meanwhile, the glycol water supply unit may include a glycol water heating device (not shown) that reheats the recovered glycol water to maintain a preset heating temperature (eg, around 50 degrees Celsius).
글리콜 워터 가열 장치는 온도 센서(미도시)를 포함하며, 온도 센서를 통해 공급 라인(151)을 통과하는 글리콜 워터의 온도를 상시 센싱한 후, 기 설정된 온도 이하로 떨어지는 경우 글리콜 워터 가열 장치를 가열시키게 되는 것이다.The glycol water heating device includes a temperature sensor (not shown), and after constantly sensing the temperature of the glycol water passing through the supply line 151 through the temperature sensor, when the temperature falls below a preset temperature, the glycol water heating device is heated. it will be made
일 실시예에서, 증발가스가 보조 엔진 방향으로 공급될 경우에는 보조 엔진 전단에 트림 히터(Trim heater)(미도시)가 마련될 수 있으며, 트림 히터를 통해 보조 엔진에서 필요로 하는 연료 온도로 가온될 수 있다. 여기에서, 보조 엔진이라 함은 발전 엔진(Generator Engine 또는 보일러(Boiler)를 구동하기 위한 엔진 등을 의미할 수 있다.In one embodiment, when BOG is supplied in the direction of the auxiliary engine, a trim heater (not shown) may be provided at the front end of the auxiliary engine, and is heated to the fuel temperature required by the auxiliary engine through the trim heater. can be Here, the auxiliary engine may mean an engine for driving a generator engine or a boiler (Boiler).
또한, 일 실시예에서는 통합형 열교환기(150)의 공급 라인(151)과 배치되어 통합형 열교환기(150)를 관통하는 추가 공급 라인(미도시)가 마련될 수 있으며, 이때 추가 공급 라인을 통과하여 앞서 살펴본 트림 히터에 의해 가열된 증발 가스가 공급될 수 있다. 이 경우, 트림 히터에 의해 가열된 증발 가스가 가지는 열이 공급 라인(151)을 통해 공급되는 글리콜 워터를 추가로 가열시킬 수도 있는 것이다.In addition, in one embodiment, an additional supply line (not shown) that is disposed with the supply line 151 of the integrated heat exchanger 150 and passes through the integrated heat exchanger 150 may be provided, at this time passing through the additional supply line The boil-off gas heated by the trim heater described above may be supplied. In this case, the heat of the boil-off gas heated by the trim heater may further heat the glycol water supplied through the supply line 151 .
한편, 일 실시예에서 본 발명에서는 열교환기(130)를 통해 냉각된 증발가스를 감압밸브를 거쳐 액화 연료 탱크(110)로 공급하지 않고 곧바로 이를 부스터 펌프(140)으로 재공급할 수도 있다.Meanwhile, in the present invention, the boil-off gas cooled through the heat exchanger 130 may be directly re-supplied to the booster pump 140 without supplying it to the liquefied fuel tank 110 through the pressure reducing valve.
도 2는 다른 실시예에 따른 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템(100)의 구성을 도시한 도면이다.2 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to another embodiment.
도 2를 살펴보면, 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따르면, 열교환기(130)를 통해 냉각된 증발가스는 곧바로 부스터 펌프(140)와 연결되어 부스터 펌프(140)의 연결 라인으로 공급됨으로써 액화 연료와 혼합되어 부스터 펌프(140) 방향으로 공급될 수도 있다.Referring to FIG. 2 , according to another embodiment of the present invention, the boil-off gas cooled through the heat exchanger 130 is directly connected to the booster pump 140 and supplied to the connection line of the booster pump 140 to be mixed with liquefied fuel. It may be supplied in the direction of the booster pump 140 .
또한, 다른 실시예에서 본 발명에서는 열교환기(130) 대신 혼합기가 적용될 수도 있다.Also, in another embodiment, a mixer may be applied instead of the heat exchanger 130 in the present invention.
도 3은 또 다른 실시예에 따른 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템(100)의 구성을 도시한 도면이다.3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system 100 according to another embodiment.
도 3을 살펴보면, 다른 구성들은 모두 동일한 상태에서 열교환기(130)가 혼합기(130')로 변경될 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 3 , the heat exchanger 130 may be changed to the mixer 130 ′ while all other configurations are the same.
혼합기(130')는 액화 연료 탱크(110)로부터 공급되는 액화 연료와 통합형 열교환기(150)를 통해 공급되는 냉각된 증발 가스를 혼합하여 부스터 펌프(140) 방향으로 공급하게 된다.The mixer 130 ′ mixes the liquefied fuel supplied from the liquefied fuel tank 110 and the cooled boil-off gas supplied through the integrated heat exchanger 150 and supplies it in the direction of the booster pump 140 .
상기에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 참조하여 설명하였지만, 해당 기술 분야의 숙련된 당업자는 하기의 청구의 범위에 기재된 본 발명의 사상 및 영역으로부터 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 본 발명을 다양하게 수정 및 변경시킬 수 있음을 이해할 수 있을 것이다.Although the above has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can variously modify and change the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims. You will understand that you can.
본 발명에 따르면 열교환기와 메인 엔진으로 공급되는 액화 연료를 가온하는 베이퍼라이저를 일체형으로 통합 적용할 수 있는 바, 본 발명은 증발가스 재액화 설비 분야에서 널리 이용하여 그 실용적이고 경제적인 가치를 실현할 수 있는 기술이다.　According to the present invention, the heat exchanger and the vaporizer for heating the liquefied fuel supplied to the main engine can be integrated and applied in one piece. it is technology

Claims (3)

  1. 액화 연료 탱크(110);liquefied fuel tank 110;
    상기 액화 연료 탱크(110)와 연결되며, 상기 액화 연료 탱크(110) 내 증발가스(BOG)를 압축하여 선박 내 보조 엔진 방향으로 공급하는 증발가스 압축기(120);a boil-off gas compressor 120 connected to the liquefied fuel tank 110, compressing boil-off gas (BOG) in the liquid fuel tank 110 and supplying it to the auxiliary engine in the ship;
    상기 액화 연료 탱크(110)와 연결되며, 상기 액화 연료 탱크(110) 내 마련된 인 탱크 펌프(110a)를 통해 공급되는 액화 연료와 일측을 통해 공급되는 증발가스(BOG)를 서로 열교환 시킴으로써, 공급되는 증발가스 내 냉열을 회수하는 열교환기(130);It is connected to the liquefied fuel tank 110 and is supplied by exchanging heat with the liquefied fuel supplied through the in-tank pump 110a provided in the liquefied fuel tank 110 and the boil-off gas (BOG) supplied through one side. a heat exchanger 130 for recovering cooling heat in the boil-off gas;
    상기 열교환기(130)를 통해 배출되는 액화 연료를 가압하여 선박 내 메인 엔진 방향으로 공급하는 부스터 펌프(140); 및a booster pump 140 that pressurizes the liquefied fuel discharged through the heat exchanger 130 and supplies it to the main engine in the ship; and
    상기 부스터 펌프(140)와 메인 엔진 사이에 마련되며, 상기 부스터 펌프(140)를 통해 공급되는 액화 연료와 상기 증발가스 압축기(120)를 통해 공급되는 증발가스를 서로 열교환 시킴으로써 공급되는 증발가스 내 냉열을 회수하고, 동시에 상기 부스터 펌프(140)를 통해 공급되는 액화 연료를 가온하여 기화시키는 통합형 열교환기(150);를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템.It is provided between the booster pump 140 and the main engine, and is provided by exchanging heat between the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump 140 and the boil-off gas supplied through the boil-off gas compressor 120 with each other. and an integrated heat exchanger (150) for recovering and simultaneously heating and vaporizing the liquefied fuel supplied through the booster pump (140).
  2. 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,
    상기 통합형 열교환기(150)는,The integrated heat exchanger 150,
    상기 통합형 열교환기(150)를 관통하는 공급 라인(151); 및a supply line 151 passing through the integrated heat exchanger 150; and
    상기 공급 라인(151)을 통과하는 가온 냉매인 글리콜 워터를 공급하는 글리콜 워터 공급부;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템.A vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system comprising a; glycol water supply unit for supplying glycol water, which is a warming refrigerant, passing through the supply line (151).
  3. 제2항에 있어서,3. The method of claim 2,
    상기 글리콜 워터 공급부는,The glycol water supply unit,
    회수되는 글리콜 워터를 재가열하여 기 설정된 가온 온도가 유지되도록 하는 글리콜 워터 가열 장치;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 베이퍼라이저 및 열교환기 통합형 증발 가스 재액화 시스템.A vaporizer and heat exchanger integrated boil-off gas reliquefaction system comprising a; glycol water heating device for reheating the recovered glycol water to maintain a preset heating temperature.
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