WO2022233355A1 - Vehicle drivetrain - Google Patents

Vehicle drivetrain Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022233355A1
WO2022233355A1 PCT/DE2022/100215 DE2022100215W WO2022233355A1 WO 2022233355 A1 WO2022233355 A1 WO 2022233355A1 DE 2022100215 W DE2022100215 W DE 2022100215W WO 2022233355 A1 WO2022233355 A1 WO 2022233355A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
shaft
torque
electric machine
drive train
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2022/100215
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Franz Voelkel
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Publication of WO2022233355A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022233355A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle drive train with a transmission for transferring torque from an internal combustion engine and a first electric machine to (at least) one collective transmission, preferably designed as a planetary gear, which is set up to pass on the collected torque to a collecting shaft in at least one specific operating mode , wherein a second electric machine is present and is integrated in such a way that its torque is passed on to a differential gear in the specific operating mode via an intermediate shaft acting as a summing shaft.
  • the invention essentially relates to a Ge transmission, in particular an EVT transmission/electric variable transmission transmission/power split transmission for transferring torque between an internal combustion engine, a first electric machine, a second electric machine and a differential gear.
  • An electric machine can be operated as a generator and as a drive unit, i.e. as an electric motor.
  • DE 10 2012 213255 A1 discloses a drive train having a gear set that includes a sun gear, a carrier, a ring gear that is connected to a countershaft, and planetary gears that are mounted on the carrier and connected to the sun gear and the Ring gear mesh, further comprising a second gear set, which is connectable with egg ner internal combustion engine, for driving a generator with overspeed (overdrive); a clutch for detachably connecting the internal combustion engine and the carrier; a second clutch for detachably connecting the sun gear and the generator; and an electric motor connected to a countershaft.
  • the operation of the drive train should be particularly easy to switch between the power split mode and the serial mode.
  • EP 3 106 338 B1 also discloses a drive unit for a hybrid vehicle, the drive unit being designed for distributing output of an engine to a first motor having a generating function and an output element, and adding output of a second motor driven by electric power generated by the first motor to power supplied to the output element.
  • this power unit shall include: a first planetary gear unit configured to perform a differential action between a first input member to which the output power in the engine is applied, a first reaction member connected to the first motor, and a first output member.
  • a second planetary gear unit configured to perform a differential action between a second input member connected to the first output member, a second output member and a second reaction member; a first clutch selectively configured to connect any one of the first input member and the first reaction member to the second reaction member; a second clutch configured to connect at least two elements of the second planetary gear unit to integrally rotate the second planetary gear unit; and a differential gear unit as a final reduction gear to which torque is input from the output member; wherein the output element is connected to the second output element; wherein an output torque of the second motor is synthesized with the torque supplied from the output element to the differential gear unit.
  • a power transmission and conversion device is also known from EP 3521 084 A1.
  • EVT transmissions are modern transmissions that have been developed from manual transmissions, automated manual transmissions, automatic transmissions, dual clutch transmissions and continuously variable transmissions.
  • Schaeffler colloquium from 2018, which can be accessed online the development of such EVT transmissions is explained in more detail on pages 137 ff.
  • Such EVT transmissions have consumption advantages in the combined drive mode of the internal combustion engine and the electric motors.
  • This "electronic” operation is also referred to as purely electric driving operation. This mode of operation occurs particularly in serial hybrids.
  • a serial hybrid vehicle has any internal combustion engine, a first electric machine that is directly connected to the internal combustion engine and a second electric machine that is connected to a transmission, in particular a differential gear.
  • a high-performance battery usually provides the necessary energy for the power electronics, which use it to operate the electric machines/electric motors.
  • the internal combustion engine in a series hybrid vehicle has no mechanical cal connection to the drive wheels. Instead, the internal combustion engine is operated with a very high degree of efficiency and thus drives the first electric machine, which constantly works as a generator. The electrical energy thus generated is then forwarded to the second electrical machine.
  • This second electrical cal machine is the actual vehicle drive.
  • the second electric machine must be able to provide this power. So that this power can be called up permanently, the first electric machine must constantly generate this power plus loss of efficiency, i. That is, the first electric machine should have a generator output of at least 55 kW.
  • the internal combustion engine provides the necessary power for the first electric machine in generator mode, so the internal combustion engine must be able to provide around 60 kW of power permanently, in this exemplary calculation.
  • a serial hybrid In general, a serial hybrid has to have around three times the drive power in order to be able to drive. The long efficiency chain from the energy stored in the fuel to the generated kinetic energy means that the overall efficiency of the system is relatively poor. In principle, five different operating modes are possible.
  • the first operating mode is also referred to as conventional. In conventional driving mode, the serial hybrid converts the drive power several times: the internal combustion engine operates the first electric machine as a generator, which thus provides the necessary electric power for the second electric machine. This works as a drive motor.
  • the second mode is also referred to as purely electric driving mode.
  • the second electrical machine alone drives the vehicle by drawing electrical energy from the battery and making it available to the power electronics.
  • the internal combustion engine is switched off during this phase.
  • a third mode is also referred to as boosting.
  • the internal combustion engine is operated at full power so that the first electric machine can provide electrical energy as a generator.
  • the second electrical machine uses the electrical energy stored in the battery to generate maximum output torque.
  • a fourth mode is also referred to as recuperation mode.
  • the vehicle is braked by the second electric machine, which works as a generator. A large part of the vehicle's kinetic energy is fed back into the battery. The internal combustion engine and the first electric machine are switched off in this mode.
  • the last mode to be added is the load point increase.
  • the internal combustion engine works at the most economical consumption point and operates the first electric machine as a generator. Only part of this generator power is required by the second electric machine as output power. The remaining portion is used to store electrical energy in the battery.
  • the invention has set itself the task of enabling all of these operating modes while avoiding or at least alleviating the disadvantages known from the prior art.
  • a solution to this is made possible in a generic vehicle drive train in that a switching element is arranged in such a way that in its first switching position the collected torque of the planetary gear is passed on to the intermediate shaft acting as a summing shaft and in its second switching position the planetary gear is decoupled from the intermediate shaft .
  • a shifting element between a converter transmission and a gear assembly / summation gearing which represents a partial transmission and by means of which the torque of the first electric machine and the internal combustion engine can be connected to form a collective shaft, is installed in such a way that the collective gearing is in a first shifting position of the shifting element to the Collector shaft is connected in a torque-transmitting manner and is coupled in a second switching position of the switching element from the collector shaft.
  • the shifting element is designed as a claw clutch.
  • Such a claw clutch (“dog clutch”) can only be switched between two switching positions and enables high torques to be transmitted.
  • Such a switching element is therefore particularly reliable and can withstand particularly high loads.
  • the gear assembly is designed as a planetary gear.
  • a converter transmission which is then a further part of the EVT transmission, is provided for switching between the second electric machine and the differential transmission and is connected to the collector shaft (permanently) in a torque-conducting manner. This reduces the number of individual parts to be installed.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle drive train for enabling a series hybrid drive structure of a motor vehicle, with an EVT transmission according to the invention, which is connected to the first electric machine, the second electric machine, the internal combustion engine and the differential gear in (at least / only) one special operating mode.
  • Such a vehicle drive train can also be further developed by being designed in such a way that it (at least/only) operates in a conventional operating mode, a purely electric driving mode, a boost operating mode, a recuperation operating mode and a load point lifting operating mode is operable.
  • An advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the first electric machine is permanently connected to a sun gear of the collective gear and the internal combustion engine is permanently connected to a planet carrier of the collective gear.
  • the converter transmission has an intermediate shaft that is permanently connected to the differential transmission, an axially particularly short EVT transmission is possible for good use of space.
  • Fig. 1 shows an EVT transmission with an extension by a switching element in a first switching position
  • FIG. 2 shows the EVT transmission from FIG. 1 in a second shift position.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a vehicle drive train according to the invention with an (EVT) transmission 1 . It is designed to transfer torque between an internal combustion engine 2 , a first electric machine 3 , a second electric machine 4 and a differential gear 5 . There is a switching element 6 which can be switched at least/only between two switching positions.
  • the first switch position is selected, in which the EVT mode/a power split is implemented.
  • torque from the internal combustion engine 2 and the first electric machine 3 is supplied to a collective gear/collective part gear/summation gear 7 .
  • the combined torque is then supplied to a collecting shaft 8 with the interposition of the switching element 6 in the switching position 1 .
  • the collective shaft 8 is therefore a shaft by means of which the torque collected in the collective gear 7 from the first electric machine 3 and the internal combustion engine 2 is passed on.
  • a first gear 9 is attached.
  • a second gear wheel 10 is assigned to the second electric machine 4 and is seated on a drive shaft 11 . Both the first gear 9 and the second gear 10 act in a torque-transmitting manner on a third gear 12 .
  • This third gear 12 is fixedly connected to an intermediate shaft 13 .
  • This intermediate shaft 13 acts as a summing shaft/summing shaft in at least one specific operating mode. On her who the torques from the second electric machine 4 and the torque collected from the first electric machine 3 and the internal combustion engine 2 are added.
  • a fourth gear wheel 14 is also permanently fixed on the intermediate shaft 13.
  • torque is transferred in one operating mode to the differential gear 5 and then passed on to a left and/or right vehicle wheel via outputs 16.
  • the collective gear 7 is designed as a planetary gear 17 . It has a sun gear 18, a planet carrier 19, several planetary gears 20 and a floating gear 21.
  • the switching element 6 is shown in the second switching position. It is there in such a second switching position that the floating wheel 21 is connected to a housing-fixed component 22 in a torque-transmitting manner.
  • the switching element 6 is designed as a claw clutch.
  • a converter transmission, as a sub-transmission of the EVT transmission 1, is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are referenced with the reference number 23.

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle drivetrain having a gear mechanism (1) for applying torque from a combustion engine (2) and a first electric machine (3) to a gear assembly (7), which is designed in the form of a planetary gear mechanism (17) and is intended such that, in at least one specific operating mode, it transmits the collected torque to a collective shaft (8), wherein a second electric machine (4) is present and is incorporated such that, in the specific operating mode, its torque is transmitted to a differential (5) via an intermediate shaft (13), which acts as a summing shaft, wherein a switching element (6) is arranged such that, in its first switching position, the collected torque from the planetary gear mechanism (17) is transmitted to the intermediate shaft (13), which acts as a summing shaft, and, in its second switching position, the planetary gear mechanism (17) is decoupled from the intermediate shaft (13).

Description

FAHRZEUGANTRIEBSSTRANG VEHICLE POWERTRAIN
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fahrzeugantriebstrang mit einem Getriebe zum Verbringen von Drehmoment von einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine und einer ersten Elektroma- schine zu (wenigstens) einem vorzugsweise als Planetengetriebe ausgebildeten Sam melgetriebe, das eingerichtet ist, um in wenigstens einer bestimmten Betriebsart das gesammelte Drehmoment an eine Sammelwelle weiterzugeben, wobei eine zweite Elektromaschine vorhanden ist und so eingebunden ist, dass dessen Drehmoment in der bestimmten Betriebsart über eine als Summierwelle wirkende Zwischenwelle an ein Differentialgetriebe weitergegeben wird. Die Erfindung betrifft im Kern ergo ein Ge triebe, insbesondere ein EVT-Getriebe / Electric Variable Transmission-Getriebe / Po- wersplit-Getriebe zum Verbringen von Drehmoment zwischen einer Verbrennungs kraftmaschine, einer ersten Elektromaschine, einer zweiten Elektromaschine und ei nem Differentialgetriebe. Eine Elektromaschine kann als Generator betrieben werden und als Antriebsaggregat, also als Elektromotor. The invention relates to a vehicle drive train with a transmission for transferring torque from an internal combustion engine and a first electric machine to (at least) one collective transmission, preferably designed as a planetary gear, which is set up to pass on the collected torque to a collecting shaft in at least one specific operating mode , wherein a second electric machine is present and is integrated in such a way that its torque is passed on to a differential gear in the specific operating mode via an intermediate shaft acting as a summing shaft. The invention essentially relates to a Ge transmission, in particular an EVT transmission/electric variable transmission transmission/power split transmission for transferring torque between an internal combustion engine, a first electric machine, a second electric machine and a differential gear. An electric machine can be operated as a generator and as a drive unit, i.e. as an electric motor.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind bereits zahlreiche Elektrofahrzeugantriebsstränge, insbesondere rekonfigurierbare Powersplit-Antriebsstränge für Kraftfahrzeuge, wie Pkws, aber auch Nutzfahrzeuge, wie Lkws bekannt. So offenbart bspw. die DE 10 2012 213255 A1 einen Antriebsstrang, aufweisend einen Zahnradsatz, der ein Sonnenrad, einen Träger, ein Hohlrad, das mit einer Vorgelegewelle verbunden ist, und Planetenräder umfasst, die auf dem Träger gelagert sind und mit dem Sonnenrad und dem Hohlrad kämmen, ferner aufweisend einen zweiten Zahnradsatz, der mit ei ner Verbrennungskraftmaschine verbindbar ist, zum Antreiben eines Generators mit Überdrehzahl (Overdrive); eine Kupplung zum lösbaren Verbinden der Verbrennungs kraftmaschine und des Trägers; eine zweite Kupplung zum lösbaren Verbinden des Sonnenrades und des Generators; und einen Elektromotor, der mit einer Vorgelege welle verbunden ist. Der Betrieb des Antriebsstranges soll besonders leicht zwischen dem Powersplit-Modus und dem seriellen Modus umgeschaltet werden. Numerous electric vehicle drive trains, in particular reconfigurable power split drive trains for motor vehicles such as passenger cars, but also commercial vehicles such as trucks, are already known from the prior art. For example, DE 10 2012 213255 A1 discloses a drive train having a gear set that includes a sun gear, a carrier, a ring gear that is connected to a countershaft, and planetary gears that are mounted on the carrier and connected to the sun gear and the Ring gear mesh, further comprising a second gear set, which is connectable with egg ner internal combustion engine, for driving a generator with overspeed (overdrive); a clutch for detachably connecting the internal combustion engine and the carrier; a second clutch for detachably connecting the sun gear and the generator; and an electric motor connected to a countershaft. The operation of the drive train should be particularly easy to switch between the power split mode and the serial mode.
Aus einer weiteren Druckschrift, nämlich der EP 3 106 338 B1 ist auch eine Antriebs einheit für ein Hybridfahrzeug bekannt, wobei die Antriebseinheit ausgelegt ist zum Verteilen von Ausgangsleistung einer Kraftmaschine an einen ersten Motor mit einer Erzeugungsfunktion und an ein Ausgangselement, und zum Hinzufügen von Aus gangsleistung eines zweiten Motors, angetrieben durch elektrische Leistung, die durch den ersten Motor erzeugt wird, zu Leistung, die zum Ausgangselement zugeführt wird. Dabei soll diese Antriebseinheit folgendes umfassen: eine erste Planetengetriebeein heit, die ausgelegt ist zum Durchführen einer Differentialaktion zwischen einem ersten Eingangselement, auf das die Ausgangsleistung in der Kraftmaschine angewendet wird, einem ersten Reaktionselement, verbunden mit dem ersten Motor, und einem ersten Ausgangselement. Ferner soll umfasst sein, eine zweite Planetengetriebeein heit, die ausgelegt ist zum Durchführen einer Differentialaktion zwischen einem zwei ten Eingangselement, verbunden mit dem ersten Ausgangselement, einem zweiten Ausgangselement und einem zweiten Reaktionselement; eine erste Kupplung, die ge zielt ausgelegt ist zum Verbinden eines beliebigen aus dem ersten Eingangselement und dem ersten Reaktionselement mit dem zweiten Reaktionselement; eine zweite Kupplung, die ausgelegt ist zum Verbinden von mindestens zwei Elementen der zwei ten Planetengetriebeeinheit zum integralen Drehen der zweiten Planetengetriebeein heit; und eine Differentialgetriebeeinheit als eine abschließende Untersetzung, zu der ein Drehmoment vom Ausgangselement zugeführt wird; wobei das Ausgangselement mit dem zweiten Ausgangselement verbunden ist; wobei ein Ausgangsdrehmoment des zweiten Motors mit dem Drehmoment synthetisiert wird, das vom Ausgangsele ment zur Differentialgetriebeeinheit zugeführt wird. Another document, namely EP 3 106 338 B1, also discloses a drive unit for a hybrid vehicle, the drive unit being designed for distributing output of an engine to a first motor having a generating function and an output element, and adding output of a second motor driven by electric power generated by the first motor to power supplied to the output element. Here, this power unit shall include: a first planetary gear unit configured to perform a differential action between a first input member to which the output power in the engine is applied, a first reaction member connected to the first motor, and a first output member. It is further to be comprised, a second planetary gear unit configured to perform a differential action between a second input member connected to the first output member, a second output member and a second reaction member; a first clutch selectively configured to connect any one of the first input member and the first reaction member to the second reaction member; a second clutch configured to connect at least two elements of the second planetary gear unit to integrally rotate the second planetary gear unit; and a differential gear unit as a final reduction gear to which torque is input from the output member; wherein the output element is connected to the second output element; wherein an output torque of the second motor is synthesized with the torque supplied from the output element to the differential gear unit.
Eine Leistungsweiterleit- und Wandelvorrichtung ist auch aus der EP 3521 084 A1 bekannt. A power transmission and conversion device is also known from EP 3521 084 A1.
EVT-Getriebe sind moderne Getriebe, die in Weitereintwicklung von Schaltgetrieben, automatisierten Schaltgetrieben, Automatikgetrieben, Doppelkupplungsgetrieben und stufenlosen Getrieben entstanden sind. In dem im Internet abrufbaren Schaeffler Kol loquium aus dem Jahre 2018 wird die Entwicklung zu solchen EVT-Getrieben auf den Seiten 137 ff. näher erläutert. Solche EVT-Getriebe haben Verbrauchsvorteile im kombinierten Antriebsmodus der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und der Elektromotoren. Jedoch gibt es Verbrauchsnach teile im reinen „elektronischen“ Betrieb. Dieser „elektronische“ Betrieb wird auch als rein-elektrischer-Fahrbetrieb bezeichnet. Dieser Betriebsmodus tritt insbesondere bei seriellen Hybriden auf. EVT transmissions are modern transmissions that have been developed from manual transmissions, automated manual transmissions, automatic transmissions, dual clutch transmissions and continuously variable transmissions. In the Schaeffler colloquium from 2018, which can be accessed online, the development of such EVT transmissions is explained in more detail on pages 137 ff. Such EVT transmissions have consumption advantages in the combined drive mode of the internal combustion engine and the electric motors. However, there are consumption disadvantages in purely “electronic” operation. This "electronic" operation is also referred to as purely electric driving operation. This mode of operation occurs particularly in serial hybrids.
Ein serielles Hybridfahrzeug verfügt über eine beliebige Verbrennungskraftmaschine, eine erste Elektromaschine, die direkt mit der Verbrennungskraftmaschine verbunden ist und eine zweite Elektromaschine, die an ein Getriebe, insbesondere ein Differenti algetriebe angebunden ist. Üblicherweise stellt eine Hochleistungsbatterie in manchen Betriebsmodi die nötige Energie für die Leistungselektronik zur Verfügung, die damit die Elektromaschinen / Elektromotoren betreibt. A serial hybrid vehicle has any internal combustion engine, a first electric machine that is directly connected to the internal combustion engine and a second electric machine that is connected to a transmission, in particular a differential gear. In some operating modes, a high-performance battery usually provides the necessary energy for the power electronics, which use it to operate the electric machines/electric motors.
Die Verbrennungskraftmaschine in einem seriellen Hybridfahrzeug hat keine mechani sche Verbindung zu den Antriebsrädern. Stattdessen wird die Verbrennungskraftma schine in einem sehr guten Wirkungsgrad betrieben und treibt somit die erste Elektro maschine an, die ständig als Generator arbeitet. Die somit erzeugte elektrische Ener gie wird dann an die zweite elektrische Maschine weitergeleitet. Diese zweite elektri sche Maschine ist der eigentliche Fahrzeugantrieb. The internal combustion engine in a series hybrid vehicle has no mechanical cal connection to the drive wheels. Instead, the internal combustion engine is operated with a very high degree of efficiency and thus drives the first electric machine, which constantly works as a generator. The electrical energy thus generated is then forwarded to the second electrical machine. This second electrical cal machine is the actual vehicle drive.
Möchte man bspw. ein Fahrzeug mit einer Antriebsleistung von 50 kW antreiben, so muss die zweite Elektromaschine diese Leistung zur Verfügung stellen können. Damit diese Leistung dauerhaft abgerufen werden kann, muss die erste Elektromaschine diese Leistung plus Wirkungsgradverlust ständig erzeugen, d. h., die erste Elektroma schine sollte über eine Generatorleistung von wenigstens 55 kW verfügen. Die Ver brennungskraftmaschine wiederum liefert die nötige Leistung für die erste Elektroma schine im Generatorbetrieb, deshalb muss die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ca. 60 kW Leistung dauerhaft zur Verfügung stellen können, in dieser beispielhaften Rechnung. For example, if you want to drive a vehicle with a drive power of 50 kW, the second electric machine must be able to provide this power. So that this power can be called up permanently, the first electric machine must constantly generate this power plus loss of efficiency, i. That is, the first electric machine should have a generator output of at least 55 kW. The internal combustion engine, in turn, provides the necessary power for the first electric machine in generator mode, so the internal combustion engine must be able to provide around 60 kW of power permanently, in this exemplary calculation.
Generell muss ein serieller Hybrid somit in etwa die dreifache Antriebsleistung ver bauen, um fahren zu können. Die lange Wirkungsgradkette von der im Kraftstoff ge speicherten Energie bis zur erzeugten Bewegungsenergie, bedeutet dabei einen rela tiv schlechten Gesamtwirkungsgrad des Systems. Grundsätzlich sind fünf verschiedene Betriebsmodi möglich. Der erste Betriebsmodus wird auch als konventionell bezeichnet. Der serielle Hybrid wandelt im konventionellen Fahrmodus die Antriebsleistung mehrfach: Die Verbrennungskraftmaschine betreibt die erste Elektromaschine als Generator, die somit die notwendige elektrische Leis tung für die zweite elektrische Maschine zur Verfügung stellt. Diese arbeitet als An triebsmotor. In general, a serial hybrid has to have around three times the drive power in order to be able to drive. The long efficiency chain from the energy stored in the fuel to the generated kinetic energy means that the overall efficiency of the system is relatively poor. In principle, five different operating modes are possible. The first operating mode is also referred to as conventional. In conventional driving mode, the serial hybrid converts the drive power several times: the internal combustion engine operates the first electric machine as a generator, which thus provides the necessary electric power for the second electric machine. This works as a drive motor.
Der zweite Modus wird auch als rein-elektrischer-Fahrmodus bezeichnet. Dabei treibt die zweite elektrische Maschine allein das Fahrzeug an, indem elektrische Energie aus der Batterie entnommen wird und der Leistungselektronik bereitgestellt wird. Die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ist während dieser Phase ausgeschaltet. The second mode is also referred to as purely electric driving mode. The second electrical machine alone drives the vehicle by drawing electrical energy from the battery and making it available to the power electronics. The internal combustion engine is switched off during this phase.
Ein dritter Modus wird auch als Boosten bezeichnet. Dabei wird die Verbrennungs kraftmaschine mit voller Leistung betrieben, damit die erste Elektromaschine als Ge nerator elektrische Energie zur Verfügung stellen kann. Zusätzlich nutzt die zweite Elektrische Maschine die in der Batterie gespeicherte elektrische Energie, um ein ma ximales Abtriebsmoment zu erzeugen. A third mode is also referred to as boosting. The internal combustion engine is operated at full power so that the first electric machine can provide electrical energy as a generator. In addition, the second electrical machine uses the electrical energy stored in the battery to generate maximum output torque.
Ein vierter Modus wird auch als Rekuperationsmodus bezeichnet. Dabei wird das Fahrzeug durch die zweite elektrische Maschine abgebremst, die dabei als Generator arbeitet. Ein Großteil der Bewegungsenergie des Fahrzeugs wird in die Batterie zu rückgespeist. Die Verbrennungskraftmaschine und die erste Elektromaschine werden in diesem Modus abgeschalten. A fourth mode is also referred to as recuperation mode. The vehicle is braked by the second electric machine, which works as a generator. A large part of the vehicle's kinetic energy is fed back into the battery. The internal combustion engine and the first electric machine are switched off in this mode.
Als letzter Modus ist noch die Lastpunktanhebung zu ergänzen. Die Verbrennungs kraftmaschine arbeitet dabei im günstigsten Verbrauchspunkt und betreibt die erste Elektromaschine als Generator. Lediglich ein Teil dieser Generatorleistung wird von der zweiten Elektromaschine als Abtriebsleistung benötigt. Der restliche Anteil wird genutzt, um elektrische Energie in der Batterie zu speichern. Die Erfindung hat sich zur Aufgabe gesetzt, all diese Betriebsmodi zu ermöglichen, aber die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Nachteile zu vermeiden oder wenigs tens zu mildern. The last mode to be added is the load point increase. The internal combustion engine works at the most economical consumption point and operates the first electric machine as a generator. Only part of this generator power is required by the second electric machine as output power. The remaining portion is used to store electrical energy in the battery. The invention has set itself the task of enabling all of these operating modes while avoiding or at least alleviating the disadvantages known from the prior art.
Eine Lösung hierfür wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen Fahrzeugantriebsstrang dadurch ermöglicht, dass ein Schaltelement so angeordnet ist, dass in seiner ersten Schaltstellung das gesammelte Drehmoment des Planetengetriebes an die als Sum mierwelle wirkende Zwischenwelle weitergegeben wird und in seiner zweiten Schalt stellung das Planetengetriebe von der Zwischenwelle abgekoppelt ist. Es wird ergo ein Schaltelement zwischen einem Wandelgetriebe und einem Sammelgetriebe / Summengetriebe, das ein Teilgetriebe darstellt und mittels dessen Drehmoment der ersten Elektromaschine und der Verbrennungskraftmaschine zu einer Sammelwelle verbingbar ist, so eingebaut ist, dass das Sammelgetriebe in einer ersten Schaltstel lung des Schaltelementes an die Sammelwelle drehmomentübertragend angebunden ist und in einer zweiten Schaltstellung des Schaltelementes von der Sammelwelle ab gekoppelt ist. A solution to this is made possible in a generic vehicle drive train in that a switching element is arranged in such a way that in its first switching position the collected torque of the planetary gear is passed on to the intermediate shaft acting as a summing shaft and in its second switching position the planetary gear is decoupled from the intermediate shaft . Ergo, a shifting element between a converter transmission and a gear assembly / summation gearing, which represents a partial transmission and by means of which the torque of the first electric machine and the internal combustion engine can be connected to form a collective shaft, is installed in such a way that the collective gearing is in a first shifting position of the shifting element to the Collector shaft is connected in a torque-transmitting manner and is coupled in a second switching position of the switching element from the collector shaft.
Mit anderen Worten wird eine besonders geschickte Stelle für den Einbau des zwi schen wenigstens zwei Schaltstellungen verlagerbaren Schaltelementes vorgestellt. Auf diese Weise werden im reinen E-Betrieb viele drehende Teile vermieden. Bei Still stand der Verbrennungskraftmaschine muss nicht mehr die erste Elektromaschine mit drehen. Verbrauchsnachteile im reinen Elektrobetrieb werden vermieden. Auch die Verbrennungskraftmaschine wird abgekoppelt. Durch die Verlagerung des Schaltele mentes werden nicht nur die beiden Antriebsaggregate, sondern auch das Planeten getriebe vollständig abgekoppelt. Dies ist bisher nicht möglich gewesen. Die Kupplung der EP 3 521 084 A1 kann nie beide Aggregate und das Planetengetriebe abkoppeln, genauso wenig wie dies bei der EP 3 106 338 B1 möglich ist. Eine umfassende Um konstruktion wäre dort nötig. In other words, a particularly clever place for installing the switching element that can be displaced between at least two switching positions is presented. In this way, many rotating parts are avoided in pure electric operation. When the internal combustion engine is at a standstill, the first electric machine no longer has to turn. Consumption disadvantages in pure electric operation are avoided. The internal combustion engine is also decoupled. By relocating the switching element, not only the two drive units but also the planetary gear are completely decoupled. So far this has not been possible. The clutch of EP 3 521 084 A1 can never uncouple both units and the planetary gear, just as this is not possible with EP 3 106 338 B1. A comprehensive redesign would be necessary there.
Es ist somit zielführend, die Erweiterung des Getriebes um ein Schaltelement, wie eine Klauenkupplung, voranzutreiben, um den durch die Verbrennungskraftmaschine und die erste Elektromaschine gebildeten Teilstrang abkoppeln zu können, wodurch eine geringere Anzahl an mitdrehenden Teilen geschaffen wird. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind in den Unteransprüchen beansprucht und wer den nachfolgend näher erläutert. It is therefore expedient to expand the transmission to include a shifting element, such as a claw clutch, in order to be able to decouple the partial train formed by the internal combustion engine and the first electric machine, thereby creating a smaller number of rotating parts. Advantageous embodiments are claimed in the dependent claims and who explained in more detail below.
So ist es von Vorteil, wenn das Schaltelement als Klauenkupplung ausgebildet ist.It is advantageous if the shifting element is designed as a claw clutch.
Eine solche Klauenkupplung („dog clutch“) ist dezidiert nur zwischen zwei Schaltstel lungen schaltbar und ermöglicht es hohe Drehmomente zu übertragen. Ein solches Schaltelement ist somit besonders verlässlich und besonders hoch belastbar. Such a claw clutch (“dog clutch”) can only be switched between two switching positions and enables high torques to be transmitted. Such a switching element is therefore particularly reliable and can withstand particularly high loads.
Um besonders große unterschiedliche Drehzahlen stellen zu können, ist es von Vor teil, wenn das Sammelgetriebe als Planetengetriebe ausgestaltet ist. In order to be able to set particularly large different speeds, it is of advantage if the gear assembly is designed as a planetary gear.
Darüber hinaus hat es sich bewährt, wenn ein Wandelgetriebe, das ein weiteres Teil getriebe des EVT-Getriebes dann ist, zum Zwischenschalten zwischen der zweiten Elektromaschine und dem Differentialgetriebe vorgesehen ist, und mit der Sammel welle (dauerhaft) drehmomentleitend verbunden ist. Die Anzahl der zu verbauenden Einzelteil wird dadurch gesenkt. In addition, it has proven useful if a converter transmission, which is then a further part of the EVT transmission, is provided for switching between the second electric machine and the differential transmission and is connected to the collector shaft (permanently) in a torque-conducting manner. This reduces the number of individual parts to be installed.
Es hat sich auch bewährt, wenn das Schaltelement in der zweiten Schaltstellung des Sammelgetriebes an einem gehäusefesten Bauteil festgelegt ist. It has also proven useful if the shifting element is fixed to a component fixed to the housing in the second shifting position of the gear assembly.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch einen Fahrzeugantriebsstrang zum Ermöglichen einer seri ellen Hybridantriebsstruktur eines Kraftfahrzeugs, mit einem erfindungsgemäßen EVT- Getriebe, das mit der ersten Elektromaschine, der zweiten Elektromaschine, der Ver brennungskraftmaschine und dem Differentialgetriebe in (wenigstens / nur) einem speziellen Betriebsmodus verbunden ist. The invention also relates to a vehicle drive train for enabling a series hybrid drive structure of a motor vehicle, with an EVT transmission according to the invention, which is connected to the first electric machine, the second electric machine, the internal combustion engine and the differential gear in (at least / only) one special operating mode.
Ein solcher Fahrzeugantriebsstrang kann auch dadurch weitergebildet werden, dass er so ausgelegt ist, dass er (zumindest / nur) in einem konventionellen Betriebsmodus, einem rein-elektrischen-Fahrmodus, einem Boost-Betriebsmodus, einem Rekuperati- ons-Betriebsmodus und einem Lastpunktanhebe-Betriebsmodus betreibbar ist. Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform ist dabei dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Elektromaschine dauerhaft mit einem Sonnenrad des Sammelgetriebes verbunden ist und die Verbrennungskraftmaschine dauerhaft mit einem Planetenträger des Sammel getriebes verbunden ist. Such a vehicle drive train can also be further developed by being designed in such a way that it (at least/only) operates in a conventional operating mode, a purely electric driving mode, a boost operating mode, a recuperation operating mode and a load point lifting operating mode is operable. An advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the first electric machine is permanently connected to a sun gear of the collective gear and the internal combustion engine is permanently connected to a planet carrier of the collective gear.
Wenn das Wandelgetriebe eine Zwischenwelle besitzt, die dauerhaft mit dem Differen tialgetriebe verbunden ist, so ist ein axial besonders kurz bauendes EVT-Getriebe für eine gute Bauraumausnutzung möglich. If the converter transmission has an intermediate shaft that is permanently connected to the differential transmission, an axially particularly short EVT transmission is possible for good use of space.
Die Kosten werden gleichzeitig mit dem Erreichen einer einfachen Montage gesenkt, wenn ein sammelwellenfestes erstes Zahnrad und ein der zweiten Elektromaschine zugeordnetes zweites Zahnrad gemeinsam auf ein zwischenwellenfestes drittes Zahn rad einwirken. The costs are reduced at the same time as achieving simple assembly if a first gear wheel fixed to the collector shaft and a second gear wheel assigned to the second electric machine act together on a third tooth wheel fixed between the shafts.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend mit Hilfe einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen: The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 ein EVT-Getriebe mit einer Erweiterung um ein Schaltelement in einer ers ten Schaltstellung, und Fig. 1 shows an EVT transmission with an extension by a switching element in a first switching position, and
Fig. 2 das EVT-Getriebe aus Fig. 1 in einer zweiten Schaltstellung. FIG. 2 shows the EVT transmission from FIG. 1 in a second shift position.
Die Figuren sind lediglich schematischer Natur und dienen nur dem Verständnis der Erfindung. Die gleichen Elemente sind mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen. The figures are only of a schematic nature and serve only to understand the invention. The same elements are provided with the same reference numbers.
In der Fig. 1 ist eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugan triebstranges mit einem (EVT-)Getrieb 1 dargestellt. Es ist ausgelegt, um Drehmoment zwischen einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine 2, einer ersten Elektromaschine 3, einer zweiten Elektromaschine 4 und einem Differentialgetriebe 5 zu verbringen. Es ist ein Schaltelement 6 vorhanden, das zumindest / nur zwischen zwei Schaltstellungen schaltbar ist. ln der Fig. 1 ist die erste Schaltstellung gewählt, in der der EVT-Modus / ein Power split realisiert ist. In diesem Fall wird Drehmoment von der Verbrennungskraftma schine 2 und der ersten Elektromaschine 3 einem Sammelgetriebe / Sammelteilge triebe / Summengetriebe 7 zugeführt. Das kombinierte Drehmoment wird dann unter Zwischenschaltung des Schaltelementes 6 in der Schaltstellung 1 einer Sammelwelle 8 zugeführt. Die Sammelwelle 8 ist also eine Welle mittels der das im Sammelgetriebe 7 von der ersten Elektromaschine 3 und der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 2 gesammel tes Drehmoment weitergegeben wird. Auf der Sammelwelle 8 ist ein erstes Zahnrad 9 befestigt. 1 shows a first embodiment of a vehicle drive train according to the invention with an (EVT) transmission 1 . It is designed to transfer torque between an internal combustion engine 2 , a first electric machine 3 , a second electric machine 4 and a differential gear 5 . There is a switching element 6 which can be switched at least/only between two switching positions. In FIG. 1, the first switch position is selected, in which the EVT mode/a power split is implemented. In this case, torque from the internal combustion engine 2 and the first electric machine 3 is supplied to a collective gear/collective part gear/summation gear 7 . The combined torque is then supplied to a collecting shaft 8 with the interposition of the switching element 6 in the switching position 1 . The collective shaft 8 is therefore a shaft by means of which the torque collected in the collective gear 7 from the first electric machine 3 and the internal combustion engine 2 is passed on. On the collecting shaft 8, a first gear 9 is attached.
Ein zweites Zahnrad 10 ist der zweiten Elektromaschine 4 zugeordnet und sitzt auf ei ner Antriebswelle 11 . Sowohl das erste Zahnrad 9, als auch das zweite Zahnrad 10 wirken drehmomentübertragend auf ein drittes Zahnrad 12. Dieses dritte Zahnrad 12 ist fest mit einer Zwischenwelle 13 verbunden. Diese Zwischenwelle 13 fungiert in we nigstens einer bestimmten Betriebsart als Summierwelle / Summenwelle. Auf ihr wer den die Drehmomente von der zweiten elektrischen Maschine 4 und das von der ers ten elektrischen Maschine 3 und der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 2 gesammelte Dreh moment addiert. A second gear wheel 10 is assigned to the second electric machine 4 and is seated on a drive shaft 11 . Both the first gear 9 and the second gear 10 act in a torque-transmitting manner on a third gear 12 . This third gear 12 is fixedly connected to an intermediate shaft 13 . This intermediate shaft 13 acts as a summing shaft/summing shaft in at least one specific operating mode. On her who the torques from the second electric machine 4 and the torque collected from the first electric machine 3 and the internal combustion engine 2 are added.
Auf der Zwischenwelle 13 sitzt auch dauerhaft fest ein viertes Zahnrad 14. Mittels ei nes Drehmomentübertragungsorgans 15 wird Drehmoment in einem Betriebsmodus an das Differentialgetriebe 5 übergeben und dann über Ausgänge 16 einem linken und/oder rechten Fahrzeugrad weitergegeben. A fourth gear wheel 14 is also permanently fixed on the intermediate shaft 13. By means of a torque transmission element 15, torque is transferred in one operating mode to the differential gear 5 and then passed on to a left and/or right vehicle wheel via outputs 16.
Das Sammelgetriebe 7 ist als Planetengetriebe 17 ausgestaltet. Es besitzt ein Son nenrad 18, einen Planetenträger 19, mehrere Planetenräder 20 und ein Flohlrad 21. In der Fig. 2 ist das Schaltelement 6 in der zweiten Schaltstellung dargestellt. Es ist da bei in einer solchen zweiten Schaltstellung, dass das Flohlrad 21 mit einem gehäuse festen Bauteil 22 drehmomentübertragend verbunden ist. The collective gear 7 is designed as a planetary gear 17 . It has a sun gear 18, a planet carrier 19, several planetary gears 20 and a floating gear 21. In FIG. 2, the switching element 6 is shown in the second switching position. It is there in such a second switching position that the floating wheel 21 is connected to a housing-fixed component 22 in a torque-transmitting manner.
Das Schaltelement 6 ist als Klauenkupplung ausgebildet. Ein Wandelgetriebe, als Teilgetriebe des EVT-Getriebes 1, ist in den Fign. 1 und 2 mit dem Bezugszeichen 23 referenziert. The switching element 6 is designed as a claw clutch. A converter transmission, as a sub-transmission of the EVT transmission 1, is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are referenced with the reference number 23.
Bezuqszeichenliste EVT-Getriebe Verbrennungskraftmaschine erste Elektromaschine zweite Elektromaschine Differentialgetriebe Schaltelement Sammelgetriebe Sammelwelle erstes Zahnrad zweites Zahnrad Antriebswelle drittes Zahnrad Zwischenwelle viertes Zahnrad Drehmomentübertragungsorgan Ausgang Planetengetriebe Sonnenrad Planetenträger Planetenrad Hohlrad gehäusefestes Bauteil Wandelgetriebe Reference sign list EVT gear Internal combustion engine First electric machine Second electric machine Differential gear Switching element Collective gear Collective shaft First gear Second gear Drive shaft Third gear Intermediate shaft Fourth gear Torque transmission element Output Planetary gear Sun gear Planet carrier Planetary ring gear Housing-fixed component Convertible gear

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Fahrzeugantriebstrang mit einem Getriebe (1) zum Verbringen von Drehmoment von einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) und einer ersten Elektromaschine (3) zu einem als Planetengetriebe (17) ausgebildeten Sammelgetriebe (7), das ein gerichtet ist, um in wenigstens einer bestimmten Betriebsart das gesammelte Drehmoment an eine Sammelwelle (8) weiter zu geben, wobei eine zweite Elekt romaschine (4) vorhanden ist und so eingebunden ist, dass dessen Drehmoment in der bestimmten Betriebsart über eine als Summierwelle wirkende Zwischen welle (13) an ein Differentialgetriebe (5) weitergegeben wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Schaltelement (6) so angeordnet ist, dass in seiner ersten Schaltstellung das gesammelte Drehmoment des Planetengetriebes (17) an die als Summierwelle wirkende Zwischenwelle (13) weitergegeben wird und in seiner zweiten Schaltstellung das Planetengetriebe (17) von der Zwischenwelle (13) ab gekoppelt ist. 1. Vehicle drive train with a transmission (1) for transferring torque from an internal combustion engine (2) and a first electric machine (3) to a gear assembly (7) designed as a planetary gear (17), which is intended to be used in at least one specific operating mode to pass on the collected torque to a collecting shaft (8), with a second electric machine (4) being present and integrated in such a way that its torque in the specific operating mode is transmitted via an intermediate shaft (13) acting as a summing shaft to a differential gear (5th ) is passed on, characterized in that a switching element (6) is arranged in such a way that in its first switching position the collected torque of the planetary gear (17) is passed on to the intermediate shaft (13) acting as a summing shaft and in its second switching position the planetary gear (17 ) is coupled from the intermediate shaft (13).
2. Fahrzeugantriebstrang nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schaltelement (6) als Klauenkupplung ausgebildet ist. 2. Vehicle drive train according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching element (6) is designed as a claw clutch.
3. EVT-Getriebe (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schaltelement (6) so eingerichtet ist, dass es wahlweise das Planetengetriebe (17) an einem gehäusefesten Teil festlegt oder die Drehmomentweitergabe vom Planetengetriebe (17) zur dann als Summierwelle wirkenden Zwischenwelle (13) sicherstellt. 3. EVT transmission (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the switching element (6) is set up in such a way that it either fixes the planetary gear (17) to a part fixed to the housing or transmits the torque from the planetary gear (17) to the then acting as a summing shaft (13) ensures.
4. EVT-Getriebe (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Wandelgetriebe (23) zum Zwischenschalten zwischen der zweiten Elektromaschine (4) und dem Differentialgetriebe (5) vorgesehen ist, und mit der Sammelwelle (8) drehmomentleitend verbunden ist. 4. EVT transmission (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a converter transmission (23) is provided for interposing between the second electric machine (4) and the differential gear (5), and with the collector shaft (8) is connected in a torque-conducting manner.
5. Fahrzeugantriebsstrang nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schaltelement (6) in der zweiten Schaltstellung die Drehmo mentweitergabe durch die Sammelwelle (8) zur sonst als Summierwelle wirken den Zwischenwelle (13) verunmöglicht. 5. Vehicle drive train according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the switching element (6) in the second switching position, the torque transmission through the collecting shaft (8) to otherwise act as a summing shaft to the intermediate shaft (13) made impossible.
6. Fahrzeugantriebsstrang nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er zum Ermöglichen einer seriellen Hybridantriebsstruk tur eines Kraftfahrzeugs eingerichtet ist. 6. Vehicle drive train according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is set up to enable a serial hybrid drive structure of a motor vehicle.
7. Fahrzeugantriebsstrang nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Fahrzeugantriebsstrang so ausgelegt ist, dass er in einem konventionellen Betriebsmodus, einem rein-elektrischen-Fahrmodus, ei nem Boost-Betriebsmodus, einem Rekuperations-Betriebsmodus und einem Lastpunktanhebe-Betriebsmodus betreibbar ist. 7. Vehicle drive train according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle drive train is designed so that it can be operated in a conventional operating mode, a purely electric driving mode, a boost operating mode, a recuperation operating mode and a load point raising operating mode .
8. Fahrzeugantriebsstrang nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Elektromaschine (3) dauerhaft mit einem Son nenrad (18) des Sammelgetriebes (7) verbunden ist und die Verbrennungskraft maschine (2) dauerhaft mit einem Planetenträger (19) des Sammelgetriebes (7) verbunden ist. 8. Vehicle drive train according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first electric machine (3) is permanently connected to a sun gear (18) of the collective gear (7) and the internal combustion engine (2) is permanently connected to a planet carrier (19) of the collective gear (7) is connected.
9. Fahrzeugantriebsstrang nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wandelgetriebe (23) die Zwischenwelle (13) besitzt, die dau erhaft mit dem Differentialgetriebe (5) verbunden ist. 9. Vehicle drive train according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the converter gear (23) has the intermediate shaft (13) which is permanently connected to the differential gear (5).
10. Fahrzeugantriebsstrang nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein sammelwellenfestes erstes Zahnrad (9) und ein der zweiten Elektromaschine (4) zugeordnetes zweites Zahnrad (10), gemeinsam auf ein zwischenwellenfestes drittes Zahnrad (12) einwirken. 10. Vehicle drive train according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a collector shaft-fixed first gear (9) and the second electric machine (4) associated second gear (10), together act on an intermediate shaft-fixed third gear (12).
PCT/DE2022/100215 2021-05-06 2022-03-21 Vehicle drivetrain WO2022233355A1 (en)

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EP3521084A1 (en) 2018-01-31 2019-08-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Power transmission apparatus
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EP3106338B1 (en) 2015-06-18 2021-03-31 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Drive unit for hybrid vehicle

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JP3692916B2 (en) 2000-08-29 2005-09-07 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Power output device and automobile equipped with the same
DE102011088900A1 (en) 2011-12-16 2013-06-20 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Hybrid drive for e.g. all-wheel-driven vehicle, has electrical drive units, hybrid drive unit and wheel-individual electrical drive units attached to axles, where drive is electrically and/or combustion engine-driven

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012035661A (en) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-23 Toyota Motor Corp Control device of vehicle
DE102012213255A1 (en) 2011-08-04 2013-02-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc RECONFIGURABLE POWERSPLIT DRIVETRAIN FOR AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE
DE102011085110A1 (en) * 2011-10-24 2013-04-25 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Hybrid drive for motor vehicle e.g. electric car, has planet gears connected with generator engine, and sun gear designed as output element, which is connected with or disconnected from drive machine by decoupling device
EP3106338B1 (en) 2015-06-18 2021-03-31 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Drive unit for hybrid vehicle
EP3521084A1 (en) 2018-01-31 2019-08-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Power transmission apparatus
CN110549838B (en) * 2018-05-30 2020-12-29 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 Hybrid power driving method

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