WO2022231196A1 - Filtre pour dispositif de traitement de l'eau - Google Patents

Filtre pour dispositif de traitement de l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022231196A1
WO2022231196A1 PCT/KR2022/005597 KR2022005597W WO2022231196A1 WO 2022231196 A1 WO2022231196 A1 WO 2022231196A1 KR 2022005597 W KR2022005597 W KR 2022005597W WO 2022231196 A1 WO2022231196 A1 WO 2022231196A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
filter
connector
separation membrane
hydrophobic separation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2022/005597
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jinhyun Lee
Kiwon Yu
Hyungki Hong
Jongpil Kim
Original Assignee
Lg Electronics Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lg Electronics Inc. filed Critical Lg Electronics Inc.
Publication of WO2022231196A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022231196A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
    • B01D63/082—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
    • B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
    • B01D61/485—Specific features relating to the ion-exchange material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
    • B01D63/082—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes
    • B01D63/0822—Plate-and-frame devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/38—Hydrophobic membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/42—Ion-exchange membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a filter for a water treatment device.
  • a water treatment device for producing purified water by treating raw water such as a water purifier
  • a method that has recently been receiving attention is a deionization method, such as an EDI (electro-deionization), CEDI (continuous electro-deionization) or CDI (capacitive deionization) method.
  • EDI electro-deionization
  • CEDI continuous electro-deionization
  • CDI capacitor deionization
  • the CDI method is a method of removing ions (contaminants) from water based on the mechanism whereby ions are adsorbed on and desorbed from the surface of an electrode by electrical force.
  • treatment water containing ions When treatment water containing ions is made to pass between electrodes (an anode and a cathode) while voltage is applied to the electrodes, anions and cations move to the anode and the cathode, respectively. That is, adsorption occurs. The ions in the treatment water can be removed through this adsorption.
  • removal performance may vary depending on the electrode area. When the electrode area increases, removal performance may be improved, but power consumption may be increased in proportion therewith.
  • the voltage applied to each electrode may need to be maintained below a predetermined level (applied voltage of 1.5 V, theoretical voltage of 1.23 V) in order to suppress water decomposition and side reactions.
  • a predetermined level applied voltage of 1.5 V, theoretical voltage of 1.23 V
  • current consumption increases, which may cause difficulties in manufacturing a printed circuit board (PCB).
  • One technical task of the present disclosure is to provide a filter for a water treatment device that is capable of employing an optimal electrode structure in a series-parallel water treatment device (CDI module) structure using an ion exchange membrane.
  • CDI module series-parallel water treatment device
  • Another technical task of the present disclosure is to provide a filter for a water treatment device that is capable of reducing the overall thickness of an electrode stack of the water treatment device.
  • Another technical task of the present disclosure is to provide a filter for a water treatment device that is capable of minimizing the passage of water in a series-to-parallel converter, and maintaining or improving TDS removal performance.
  • an optimal electrode structure can be applied to a series-parallel water treatment device (CDI module) structure using an ion exchange membrane.
  • the distance between the electrodes may increase due to the addition of an ion exchange membrane having a predetermined thickness (e.g., 40 ⁇ m).
  • the increased distance causes a voltage drop, which results in a greater decrease in the TDS removal rate upon change to a series-parallel structure. This reduced voltage may reduce the overall TDS removal rate.
  • the voltage drop can be minimized by inserting a hydrophobic separator into an area (converter) where the structure is converted from a series to a parallel connection or vice versa.
  • a filter for a water treatment device including a chamber including a water inlet and a water outlet, an electrode assembly disposed in the chamber so as to come into contact with feed water fed through the water inlet, the electrode assembly including a plurality of electrode units, a first power connector configured to supply power to one side of the electrode assembly, the first power connector including a first connector and a second connector to which different voltages are supplied, a second power connector configured to supply power to the other side of the electrode assembly, and a hydrophobic separation membrane interposed between the first connector and the second connector, the hydrophobic separation membrane disposed between two electrode units in which a power connection state is changed.
  • the hydrophobic separation membrane may prevent permeation of water from both sides of the hydrophobic separation membrane.
  • the hydrophobic separation membrane may prevent reaction between cations and anions.
  • the hydrophobic separation membrane may prevent production of at least one of Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, and MgCO3.
  • the hydrophobic separation membrane may have a thickness of 10 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • Each electrode unit may include a plate-shaped electrode and an ion exchange membrane configured to filter ions contained in the feed water.
  • the electrode may include a current collector and an activated carbon coating layer disposed on at least one surface of the current collector.
  • the two electrode units in which a power connection state is changed may be not provided with the ion exchange membrane on surfaces thereof facing the hydrophobic separation membrane.
  • the hydrophobic separation membrane may include a first hydrophobic separation membrane close to one electrode of the two electrode units and a second hydrophobic separation membrane close to the other electrode of the two electrode units.
  • a separation electrode unit may be disposed between the first hydrophobic separation membrane and the second hydrophobic separation membrane.
  • a first voltage may be supplied to the first connector, a second voltage may be supplied to the second connector, and a third voltage between the first voltage and the second voltage may be applied to the second power connector.
  • a filter for a water treatment device including a chamber including a water inlet and a water outlet, an electrode assembly disposed in the chamber so as to come into contact with feed water fed through the water inlet, the electrode assembly including a first electrode unit, a second electrode unit, and a spacer disposed between the first electrode unit and the second electrode unit, a power connector configured to supply power to the electrode assembly, the power connector including a series connector and a parallel connector, a converter disposed between the series connector and the parallel connector to convert a direction of potential and a hydrophobic separation membrane disposed in the converter.
  • the parallel connector may include a first connector and a second connector to which different voltages are supplied.
  • a first voltage may be supplied to the first connector, a second voltage may be supplied to the second connector, and a third voltage between the first voltage and the second voltage may be applied to the parallel connector.
  • the ion exchange unit may be not disposed in the converter.
  • a filter for a water treatment device that is capable of applying an optimal electrode structure to a series-parallel water treatment device (CDI module) structure using an ion exchange membrane.
  • CDI module series-parallel water treatment device
  • the ion exchange membrane and spacer are removed from the converter, so the overall thickness of an electrode stack of the water treatment device can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially cut away perspective view illustrating a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first electrode unit of a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second electrode unit of a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the state in which water is purified through the filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the state in which the filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is regenerated
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a stack configuration of a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a converter of the filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a stack configuration of a filter for a water treatment device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a converter of a filter for a water treatment device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a stack configuration of a filter for a water treatment device according to Comparative Example of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a converter of a filter for a water treatment device according to Comparative Example of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph showing the result of evaluation of the performance of a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the water treatment device may be any one of various water purification apparatuses, such as a water purifier or a water softener.
  • the water treatment device according to the present disclosure may be a water purifier mounted in a washing machine, a dishwasher, a refrigerator, or the like.
  • the water treatment device may be embodied in various ways relating to discharge processes after electro-adsorption of ions and hard substances contained in raw water fed from the outside.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially cut away perspective view illustrating a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a filter for a water treatment device of a deionization method such as capacitive deionization (CDI).
  • CDI capacitive deionization
  • the filter for such a water treatment device may be referred to as a "CDI module”.
  • the filter for a water treatment device includes a chamber 100 including a water inlet 110 through which water is supplied and a water outlet 120 through which water is discharged.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a partial cutaway view of the internal configuration of the chamber 100.
  • An electrode assembly 200 that is disposed so as to come into contact with the feed water fed through the water inlet 110 and includes a plurality of electrode units 210 and 220 (refer to FIGS. 3 and 4) may be provided in the chamber 100.
  • a power connector 250 configured to supply power may be connected to the electrode assembly 200.
  • One side of the electrode of the electrode assembly 200 may protrude from another side of the electrode assembly 200 so as to be connected thereto through the power connector 250.
  • the electrode assembly 200 may be accommodated in the inner area of the chamber 100 and water (feed water) may be fed to the inner area of the chamber 100 from the outside through the water inlet 110.
  • the feed water may pass through the electrode assembly 200 and be discharged to the outside of the chamber 100 through the water outlet 120.
  • ions contained in water may be removed by being adsorbed on the electrode assembly 200 while passing through the electrode assembly 200.
  • the chamber 100 may have a cuboid shape and may be divided into an upper portion 101 and a lower portion 102.
  • the chamber 100 may be provided so as to avoid water leakage.
  • an upper plate 103, a lower plate 104, a fastening means 130 such as a bolt configured to join the upper plate 103 to the lower plate 104, and a sealing member disposed therebetween may be provided.
  • the inner space of the chamber 100 is exposed to the outside, so a process of forming a stack of the electrode assembly 200 can be easily performed in the inner space.
  • the upper portion 101 and the lower portion 102 are separated from each other, so inspection and repair can be easily performed.
  • the feed water supplied into the chamber 100 through the water inlet 110 may be supplied to the side surface of the electrode assembly 200. In this process, the feed water may be uniformly supplied to the entire side surface of the electrode assembly 200.
  • ion exchange may be performed while water flows from the side surface of the electrode assembly 200 to the central part after uniform supply of water to the side surface of the electrode assembly 200. Then, the ion-exchanged water may be discharged to the outside through the water outlet 120 connected to the inside of the electrode assembly 200, for example, to the central part thereof.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first electrode unit of a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second electrode unit of a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electrode assembly 200 includes a first electrode unit 210, a second electrode unit 220, and a spacer 230 interposed between the first electrode unit 210 and the second electrode unit 220 (refer to FIG. 4).
  • the electrode assembly 200 may be provided as a stack in which a plurality of first electrode units 210, a plurality of second electrode units 220, and a plurality of spacers 230 are laminated.
  • the first electrode unit 210 may include a current collector 211 and an activated carbon coating layer 212 disposed on at least one side of the current collector 211.
  • the activated carbon coating layer 212 may be disposed on both sides of the current collector 211. However, in some cases, the activated carbon coating layer 212 may be disposed only on one side of the current collector 211.
  • the current collector 211 and the activated carbon coating layer 212 disposed on at least one side of the current collector 211 may be referred to as "first electrodes".
  • the first electrodes 211 and 212 may be cathodes.
  • the current collector 211 may partially extend or may be connected with a conductor to provide an electrode portion 214.
  • Power connectors 250 and 260 may be connected to the electrode portion 214.
  • a cation exchange membrane 213 may be disposed on the outside of the first electrodes 211 and 212, that is, on the activated carbon coating layer 212.
  • the cation exchange membrane 213 may be disposed on both sides of the activated carbon coating layer 212.
  • the cation exchange membrane 213 may be disposed only on one side of the activated carbon coating layer 212.
  • the plurality of electrode units 210 and 220 may have a series-parallel structure in which a series connection and a parallel connection are combined.
  • the cation exchange membrane 213 may be disposed only on one side of the activated carbon coating layer 212 between the two electrode units in which the power connection state is changed, that is, in the converter in which a potential direction is converted. In addition, in some cases, the cation exchange membrane 213 may not be provided on the activated carbon coating layer 212.
  • the second electrode unit 220 may include a current collector 221 and an activated carbon coating layer 222 disposed on at least one side of the current collector 221.
  • the activated carbon coating layer 222 may be disposed on both sides of the current collector 221. However, in some cases, the activated carbon coating layer 222 may be disposed only on one side of the current collector 221.
  • the current collector 221 and the activated carbon coating layer 222 disposed on at least one side of the current collector 221 may be referred to as "second electrodes".
  • the second electrodes 221 and 222 may be anodes.
  • the current collector 221 may partially extend or may be connected with a conductor to provide an electrode portion 224.
  • Power connectors 250 and 260 may be connected to the electrode portion 224.
  • an anion exchange membrane 223 may be disposed on the outside of the second electrodes 221 and 222, that is, on the activated carbon coating layer 222.
  • the anion exchange membrane 223 may be disposed on both sides of the activated carbon coating layer 222.
  • the anion exchange membrane 223 may be disposed only on one side of the activated carbon coating layer 222.
  • the plurality of electrode units 210 and 220 may have a series-parallel structure in which a series connection and a parallel connection are combined.
  • the anion exchange membrane 223 may be disposed only on one side of the activated carbon coating layer 222 between the two electrode units in which the power connection state is changed, that is, in the converter where a potential direction is converted. In addition, in some cases, the anion exchange membrane 223 may not be provided on the activated carbon coating layer 222.
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the state in which water is purified through a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the state in which the filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is regenerated.
  • the operation of the filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • This operation may be performed in the state in which the first electrode unit 210 and the second electrode unit 220 are respectively supplied with power from the power supply 300 through the first power connector 250 and the second power connector 260.
  • the plurality of electrode units 210 and 220 may have a series-parallel structure in which a series connection and a parallel connection are combined, depending on the configuration of the power connectors 250 and 260. This will be described in detail later with reference to the drawings.
  • the filter (CDI module) for a water treatment device will be described.
  • the configuration of the cation exchange membrane or the anion exchange membrane will be omitted.
  • the feed water can be purified.
  • the feed water can easily pass between the two electrode units 210 and 220 through the water-permeable spacer 230 disposed between the two electrode units 210 and 220 to prevent a short circuit therebetween and secure a flow path.
  • the electrode units 210 and 220 can no longer adsorb ions or the ion adsorption capability thereof is remarkably reduced.
  • methods for regenerating the electrode units 210 and 220 include a method of cutting off current supply and a method of causing current to flow in the direction opposite that of ion adsorption.
  • the power supply 300 supplies current in one direction and adsorbs ions onto the electrode units 210 and 220 to remove the ions from the water.
  • the power supply 300 supplies current in the direction opposite the one direction above, and discharges the ions adsorbed on the electrode units 210 and 220 into the water, thereby regenerating the electrode units 210 and 220.
  • the electrode unit 220 on the left side of the drawing is charged with a cathode, and the electrode unit 210 on the right side of the drawing is charged with an anode by changing the flow of current, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the anions (-) adsorbed on the left electrode 220 in the water purification process are separated from the negatively charged left electrode 220 and the cations (+) adsorbed on the right electrode 210 in the water purification process are separated from the positively charged right electrode 210.
  • the cations (+) and anions (-) separated from the electrode units 210 and 220 on respective sides are discharged to the outside along with the washing water.
  • the ion removal ability of the electrode assembly 200 is regenerated, so the ion removal ability can be maintained constant.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a stack configuration of a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a converter of the filter for a water treatment device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a process of manufacturing an electrode assembly of the filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electrode assembly 200 may be disposed in the chamber 100 such that it comes into contact with feed water fed through a water inlet 110, and may include a plurality of electrode units 210 and 220.
  • An electrode assembly 200 in which a plurality of first electrode units 210 and a plurality of second electrode units 220 are stacked via a spacer 230 interposed therebetween may be provided.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a configuration of the electrode units 210 and 220 in which the cation exchange membrane 213 and the anion exchange membrane 223 are disposed on the current collectors 211 and 221.
  • the electrode portion 214 is disposed in one direction
  • the electrode portion 224 is disposed in the other direction.
  • the electrode portion 214 of the first electrode unit 210 may be provided on the left side and may be connected to the first power connector 250
  • the electrode portion 224 of the second electrode unit 220 may be provided on the right side and may be connected to the second power connector 260.
  • connection directions of the electrode units 210 and 220 may be converted in the lower portion (b) of FIG. 6.
  • the first power connector 250 includes a first connector 251 (upper portion) and a second connector 252 (lower portion), to which different voltages are supplied, to supply power to one side of the electrode assembly 200.
  • the second power connector 260 may be disposed on the opposite side of the first power connector 250 to supply power to the other side of the electrode assembly 200.
  • the electrode assembly 200 may have a configuration in which the direction in which the power source is connected is switched in the area between the upper portion (a) and the lower portion (b) (hereinafter referred to as a converter A). Accordingly, the electrode assembly 200 may have a series-parallel connection configuration in which a series connection is combined with a parallel connection.
  • power corresponding to a predetermined voltage between the first connector 251 and the second connector 252 of the first power connector 250 may be supplied to the second power connector 260.
  • power corresponding to a voltage of 3V may be supplied through the first connector 251
  • power corresponding to a voltage of 0V may be supplied through the second connector 252.
  • power corresponding to a voltage of 1.5V may be supplied to the second power connector 260.
  • the left side has a positive (+) potential and the right side has a negative (-) potential
  • the left side has a negative (-) potential and the right side has a positive (+) potential
  • a hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may be interposed between the first connector 251 and the second connector 252 and may be disposed in the area (that is, converter A) between the two electrode units 210a and 220a, in which the power connection state is changed.
  • the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may prevent permeation of water from both sides of the hydrophobic separation membrane 240. That is, the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may prevent permeation of water from one side of the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 to the other side thereof upon application of a predetermined water pressure.
  • the material for the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may preferably be a polyethylene (PE)- or polypropylene (PP)-based material.
  • the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may include a material that prevents ions in the water from participating in the reaction even when power is supplied through the power supply 250. That is, the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may be made of a material that has resistance to water and does not allow water to pass therethrough at a predetermined water pressure. For example, the resistance to water of the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may be maintained even at a water pressure of 10 kgf or less.
  • the spacer 230 disposed between the electrode units 210 and 220 may be hydrophilic, which is the opposite of the hydrophobic separation membrane 240. That is, the spacer 230 may have a structure allowing permeation of water. For example, the spacer 230 includes a number of holes in the form of a mesh, to allow water to pass therethrough. Conversely, the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may have a sheet-like structure rather than a mesh-like structure.
  • the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 has a small thickness as long as a short circuit does not occur between the electrode units 210 and 220. That is, due to the characteristics of the CDI-type electrode assembly 200, the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 is made of a polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP)-based material to prevent a short circuit and leakage. In this case, it may be advantageously formed to a thickness of approximately 10 ⁇ m or greater. For example, in consideration of the electrode stack structure of the electrode assembly 200, the thickness of the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may be 20 ⁇ m or less. That is, the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may have a thickness of 10 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may prevent reaction between cations and anions.
  • the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 may prevent the production of at least one of Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, and MgCO3.
  • the ion exchange membranes 213 and 223 may not be provided in the two electrode units 210a and 220a disposed in the area called "converter" A in which the power connection state is changed.
  • the ion exchange membranes 213 and 223 described above may not be provided on the surface facing the hydrophobic separation membrane 240. That is, the first electrode unit 210a may be provided only with the current collector layer 211 and the activated carbon coating layer 212 in the converter A. In addition, the second electrode unit 220a may be provided only with the current collector layer 221 and the activated carbon coating layer 222 in the converter A.
  • the first electrode unit 210a may come into direct contact with the hydrophobic separation membrane 240
  • the second electrode unit 220a may come into direct contact with the hydrophobic separation membrane 240.
  • the cation exchange membrane 213 may allow only cations to pass therethrough, and the anion exchange membrane 223 may allow only anions to pass therethrough. Therefore, the anion exchange membrane 223 can improve the overall performance of the CDI module. In addition, the anion exchange membrane 223 may prevent reaction between a cation material and an anion material at the electrode.
  • the cation exchange membrane 213 and the anion exchange membrane 223 do not exist in the area where there is a hydrophobic separation membrane 240, water permeation may deteriorate the performance of the CDI module. Therefore, it may be advantageous not to provide the ion exchange membranes 213 and 223 described above on the surface facing the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 in the converter A.
  • a voltage of 1.5V may be applied across the first electrode unit 210a and the second electrode unit 220a in the converter A, and a potential difference of 1.5V or less may be substantially formed between the first electrode unit 210a and the second electrode unit 220a.
  • water may not pass between the first electrode unit 210a and the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 and between the second electrode unit 220a and the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 in the converter A.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a stack configuration of a filter for a water treatment device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a converter of the filter for a water treatment device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a process of manufacturing an electrode assembly of the filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electrode assembly 200 may be disposed in the chamber 100 such that it comes into contact with feed water fed through the water inlet 110, and may include a plurality of electrode units 210 and 220.
  • An electrode assembly 200 in which a plurality of first electrode units 210 and a plurality of second electrode units 220 are stacked via a spacer 230 interposed therebetween may be provided.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a configuration of the electrode units 210 and 220 in which the cation exchange membrane 213 and the anion exchange membrane 223 are disposed on the current collectors 211 and 221.
  • the electrode portion 214 is disposed in one direction
  • the electrode portion 224 is disposed in the other direction.
  • the electrode portion 214 of the first electrode unit 210 may be provided on the left side and may be connected to the first power connector 250
  • the electrode portion 224 of the second electrode unit 220 may be provided on the right side and may be connected to the second power connector 260.
  • connection directions of the electrode units 210 and 220 may be converted in the lower portion (b) of FIG. 8.
  • the first power connector 250 includes a first connector 251 (upper portion) and a second connector 252 (lower portion), to which different voltages are supplied, to supply power to one side of the electrode assembly 200.
  • the second power connector 260 may be disposed on the opposite side of the first power connector 250 to supply power to the other side of the electrode assembly 200.
  • the electrode assembly 200 may have a configuration in which the direction in which the power source is connected is switched in the area between the upper portion (a) and the lower portion (b) (hereinafter referred to as a converter B). Accordingly, the electrode assembly 200 may have a series-parallel connection configuration in which a series connection is combined with a parallel connection.
  • power corresponding to a predetermined voltage between the first connector 251 and the second connector 252 of the first power connector 250 may be supplied to the second power connector 260.
  • power corresponding to a voltage of 3V may be supplied through the first connector 251
  • power corresponding to a voltage of 0V may be supplied through the second connector 252.
  • power corresponding to a voltage of 1.5V may be supplied to the second power connector 260.
  • the left side has a positive (+) potential and the right side has a negative (-) potential
  • the left side has a negative (-) potential and the right side has a positive (+) potential
  • a first or second hydrophobic separation membrane 241 or 242 may be interposed between the first connector 251 and the second connector 252 and may be disposed in the area (that is, converter B) between the two electrode units 210b and 220b, in which the power connection state is changed.
  • the converter B may include the first hydrophobic separation membrane 241, close to one electrode 210b among the two electrode units 210b and 220b, and the second hydrophobic separation membrane 242, close to the other electrode 220b among the two electrode units 210b and 220b.
  • a separation electrode unit 270 may be interposed between the first hydrophobic separation membrane 241 and the second hydrophobic separation membrane 242.
  • Each of the first and second hydrophobic separation membranes 241 and 242 may prevent permeation of water from both sides of each of the first and second hydrophobic separation membranes 241 and 242. That is, the first or second hydrophobic separation membrane 241 or 242 may prevent permeation of water from one side of the first or second hydrophobic separation membrane 241 or 242 to the other side thereof at a predetermined water pressure.
  • the material for the hydrophobic separation membrane 241 or 242 may preferably be a polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP)-based material.
  • hydrophobic separation membranes 241 and 242 may be the same as those of the hydrophobic separation membrane 240 described above. Therefore, a duplicate description thereof will be omitted.
  • the ion exchange membranes 213 and 223 may not be provided in the two electrode units 210b and 220b disposed in the area called "converter" B in which the power connection state is changed.
  • the ion exchange membranes 213 and 223 described above may not be provided on the surface facing the first and second hydrophobic separation membranes 241 and 242, respectively. That is, the first electrode unit 210b may be provided only with the current collector layer 211 and the activated carbon coating layer 212 in the converter B. In addition, the second electrode unit 220a may be provided only with the current collector layer 221 and the activated carbon coating layer 222 in the converter B. Meanwhile, a separation electrode unit 270 in the converter B may include a current collecting layer 271 and an activated carbon coating layer 272 disposed on both surfaces of the current collecting layer 271.
  • the first electrode unit 210b may come into direct contact with the first hydrophobic separation membrane 241 and the second electrode unit 220b may come into direct contact with the second hydrophobic separation membrane 242. Also, both surfaces of the separation electrode unit 270 may come into direct contact with the first hydrophobic separation membrane 241 and the second hydrophobic separation membrane 242.
  • the cation exchange membrane 213 may allow only cations to pass therethrough, and the anion exchange membrane 223 may allow only anions to pass therethrough. Therefore, the anion exchange membrane 223 may improve the overall performance of the CDI module. In addition, the anion exchange membrane 223 may prevent a reaction between a cation material and an anion material at the electrode.
  • the cation exchange membrane 213 and the anion exchange membrane 223 do not exist in the area where there is a first or second hydrophobic separation membrane 241 or 242, water permeation may deteriorate the performance of the CDI module. Therefore, it may be advantageous not to provide the ion exchange membranes 213 and 223 described above on the surface facing the first and second hydrophobic separation membranes 241 and 242 in the converter B.
  • a voltage of 3 V may be applied across the first electrode unit 210b and the second electrode unit 220b in the converter B.
  • a potential difference of 1.5 V or less may be formed between the first electrode unit 210b and the separation electrode unit 270 and between the separation electrode unit 270 and the second electrode unit 220a.
  • water may not pass between the first electrode unit 210a and the first hydrophobic separation membrane 241, between the second electrode unit 220a and the second hydrophobic separation membrane 242, between the first hydrophobic separation membrane 241 and the separation electrode unit 270, and between the second hydrophobic separation membrane 242 and the separation electrode unit 270 in the converter B.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a stack configuration of a filter for a water treatment device according to Comparative Example of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram illustrating a converter of the filter for a water treatment device according to Comparative Example of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a process of manufacturing an electrode assembly of the filter for a water treatment device according to Comparative Example of the present disclosure.
  • the electrode assembly 200 may include a plurality of electrode units 21 and 22.
  • the electrode assembly 200 may have a configuration in which a plurality of first electrode units 21 and a plurality of second electrode units 22 are stacked via a spacer 230 interposed therebetween.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a configuration of the electrode units 21 and 22 in which the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane are disposed on the current collectors.
  • the electrode portion in the first electrode unit 21, the electrode portion may be disposed in one direction, and in the second electrode unit 22, the electrode portion may be disposed in the other direction.
  • the connection directions of the electrode units 21 and 22 may be converted in the lower portion of FIG. 10.
  • the first power connector 25 includes a first connector 25a (upper portion) and a second connector 25b (lower portion), to which different voltages are supplied, to supply power to one side of the electrode assembly 200.
  • the second power connector 26 may be disposed on the opposite side of the first power connector 25 to supply power to the other side of the electrode assembly 200.
  • the electrode assembly 200 may have a configuration in which the direction in which the power source is connected is converted in the area between the upper portion and the lower portion (hereinafter, referred to as "Converter C"). Accordingly, the electrode assembly may have a series-parallel connection configuration in which a series connection is combined with a parallel connection.
  • power corresponding to a predetermined voltage between the first connector 25a and the second connector 25b of the first power connector 25 may be supplied to the second power connector 26.
  • power corresponding to a voltage of 3V may be supplied through the first connector 25a
  • power corresponding to a voltage of 0V may be supplied through the second connector 25b.
  • power corresponding to a voltage of 1.5V may be supplied to the second power connector 26.
  • the left side has a positive (+) potential and the right side has a negative (-) potential
  • the left side has a negative (-) potential and the right side has a positive (+) potential
  • a spacer 23 may be disposed, like other converters, in the area (that is, converter C) between the two electrode units 21 and 22, in which the power connection state is changed, between the first connector 25a and the second connector 25b.
  • the spacer 23 disposed between the electrode units 21 and 22 may be hydrophilic. That is, the spacer 23 may have a structure allowing permeation of water.
  • the spacer 23 may include a number of holes in the form of a mesh to allow water to pass therethrough.
  • the electrodes 21 and 22 disposed in the converter C may also include a cation exchange unit and an anion exchange unit, respectively.
  • a voltage of 1.5V may be applied across the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 disposed in the converter C, and substantially, a potential difference of 1.5 V or less may be formed between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22.
  • water may pass between the first electrode 21 and the spacer 23 and between the second electrode 22 and the spacer 23 in the converter C.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph showing the result of evaluation of performance of a filter for a water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a filter (CDI module) for a water treatment device using a deionization method such as capacitive deionization (CDI) may operate while repeating an ion adsorption operation and an ion desorption operation.
  • Scale-causing substances such as Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ) contained in large amounts in raw water are fed to the filter for a water treatment device and are discharged to the rear end of the filter for the water treatment device through an adsorption process (adsorption operation) for a predetermined period of time. Then, upon adsorption to saturation, the adsorbed ions may be discharged to the rear end of the filter for the water treatment device through a desorption process (desorption operation).
  • the graph shown in FIG. 12 may be divided into an adsorption process at 1 minute to 3 minutes, 6 minutes to 9 minutes, and so on, and a desorption process at 3 minutes to 6 minutes, 9 minutes to 12 minutes, and so on.
  • the vertical axis of the graph indicates conductivity ( ⁇ s/cm) and the half value thereof typically means total dissolved solids (TDS) or the rate of removal of TDS.
  • the adsorption process is an operation process in which the contaminants in the passing water are adsorbed onto the electrode by applying a voltage of 1.5V (or 3V) to the electrode.
  • the desorption process is an operation process in which the contaminants adsorbed onto the electrode are discharged therefrom by applying a reverse voltage (-1.5 V) or a short-circuit state to the electrode.
  • the TDS removal rate is calculated as "1-(TDS of purified water / TDS of raw water) ⁇ 100 (%)" and is a parameter indicating the water purification performance of the CDI module.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates that an automatic electrode-cleaning function is periodically performed, which may temporarily increase the removal rate and thus form a sawtooth waveform.
  • the TDS removal rate is superior when the example (Example 1) of the present disclosure is applied, compared to the prior art and Comparative Example.
  • the removal performance may vary depending on the electrode area. When the electrode area increases, removal performance may be improved, but power consumption may be increased in proportion therewith.
  • the voltage applied to each electrode may be required to be maintained below a predetermined level (applied voltage of 1.5 V, theoretical voltage of 1.23 V) in order to suppress water decomposition and side reactions.
  • a predetermined level applied voltage of 1.5 V, theoretical voltage of 1.23 V
  • current consumption increases, which may cause difficulties in manufacturing a printed circuit board (PCB).
  • the ion exchange membranes 213 and 223 may be provided to reduce the electrode voltage.
  • the distance between the electrodes may increase due to the addition of an ion exchange membrane having a predetermined thickness (e.g., 40 ⁇ m).
  • the increased distance causes a voltage drop, which results in a greater decrease in the TDS removal rate upon change to a series-parallel structure. This reduced voltage may reduce the overall TDS removal rate.
  • the voltage drop can be minimized by inserting a hydrophobic separation membrane into an area (converter) where the structure is converted from a series to a parallel connection or vice versa.
  • a filter for a water treatment device is provided.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un filtre pour un dispositif de traitement de l'eau. Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'invention concerne un filtre pour un dispositif de traitement de l'eau comprenant une chambre comprenant une entrée d'eau et une sortie d'eau, un ensemble électrode disposé dans la chambre de façon à venir en contact avec l'eau d'alimentation introduite à travers l'entrée d'eau, l'ensemble électrode comprenant une pluralité d'unités d'électrode, un premier connecteur d'alimentation conçu pour fournir de l'énergie à un côté de l'ensemble électrode, le premier connecteur d'alimentation comprenant un premier connecteur et un second connecteur auxquels différentes tensions sont fournies, un second connecteur d'alimentation conçu pour fournir de l'énergie à l'autre côté de l'ensemble électrode, et une membrane de séparation hydrophobe interposée entre le premier connecteur et le second connecteur, la membrane de séparation hydrophobe étant disposée entre deux unités d'électrode dans lesquelles un état de connexion électrique est modifié.
PCT/KR2022/005597 2021-04-29 2022-04-19 Filtre pour dispositif de traitement de l'eau WO2022231196A1 (fr)

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KR20170119053A (ko) * 2016-04-18 2017-10-26 죽암건설 주식회사 대전원리를 이용한 cdi장치
CN109680288A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2019-04-26 同济大学 生物电化学产氢及收集装置和系统
KR102115877B1 (ko) * 2020-02-07 2020-06-05 주식회사 비파워 Cdi방식의 수처리를 위한 방수기능과 전극 간 접속효율이 향상된 적층형 전원접속구조를 갖는 수처리 장치

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KR20090032382A (ko) * 2007-09-27 2009-04-01 한국전력공사 전기화학적 연수장치
KR102247227B1 (ko) * 2018-01-25 2021-05-03 엘지전자 주식회사 수처리 장치용 필터 및 이를 포함하는 수처리 장치
KR20210021836A (ko) * 2019-08-19 2021-03-02 엘지전자 주식회사 수처리 장치용 필터

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101627129B1 (ko) * 2013-04-25 2016-06-13 서울대학교산학협력단 계층적 기공 구조의 탄소 전극을 갖는 축전식 탈염 장치
KR20150007070A (ko) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-20 한국에너지기술연구원 축전식 전기탈염용 단위셀 및 이의 제조방법
KR20170119053A (ko) * 2016-04-18 2017-10-26 죽암건설 주식회사 대전원리를 이용한 cdi장치
CN109680288A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2019-04-26 同济大学 生物电化学产氢及收集装置和系统
KR102115877B1 (ko) * 2020-02-07 2020-06-05 주식회사 비파워 Cdi방식의 수처리를 위한 방수기능과 전극 간 접속효율이 향상된 적층형 전원접속구조를 갖는 수처리 장치

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